JP2696827B2 - Driving method of electrochromic device - Google Patents
Driving method of electrochromic deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JP2696827B2 JP2696827B2 JP62042248A JP4224887A JP2696827B2 JP 2696827 B2 JP2696827 B2 JP 2696827B2 JP 62042248 A JP62042248 A JP 62042248A JP 4224887 A JP4224887 A JP 4224887A JP 2696827 B2 JP2696827 B2 JP 2696827B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- voltage
- coloring
- ecd
- electrochromic device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
- Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
- Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、リークのあるエレクトロクロミック装置の
駆動方法に関するものである。
〔従来の技術〕
電圧を印加すると可逆的に電解酸化または還元反応が
起こり可逆的に着色する現象をエレクトロクロミズムと
言う。このような現象を示すエレクトロクロミック（以
下、ECと略称する）物質の薄膜を一対の電極層で挟持し
て、その電極層間に印加する電圧を操作することにより
着消色するEC装置（以下、ECDと略す）を作り、このECD
を光量制御素子（例えば、防眩ミラー）や７セグメント
を利用した数字表示素子に利用しようとする試みは、20
年以上前から行われている。
例えば、ガラス基板の上に透明電極層、三酸化タング
ステン薄膜と絶縁膜（例えば二酸化ケイ素）との２層膜
（順は不同）及び対向電極層を順次積層してなるECD
（特公昭52−46098参照）が全固体型ECDとして知られて
いる。このECDに着色電圧Vcを印加すると三酸化タング
ステン（WO3）薄膜が青色に着色する。その後、このECD
に逆極性の消色電圧Vbを印加すると、WO3薄膜の青色が
消えて無色になる。
この着色・消色する機構は詳しく解明されていない
が、WO3薄膜および絶縁膜（イオン導電層）中に含まれ
る少量の水分がWO3の着色・消色を支配していると理解
されている。着色の反応式は下記のように推定されてい
る。
ところで、EC層を直接又は間接的に挟む一対の電極層
は、EC層の着消色を外部に見せるために少なくとも一方
は透明でなければならない。特に透過型のECDの場合に
は両方とも透明でなければならない。透明な電極材料と
しては、現在のところSnO2、In2O3、ITO（SnO2とIn2O3
との混合物）、ZnOなどが知られているが、これらの材
料は比較的透明度が悪いために薄くせねばならず、この
理由及びその他の理由からECDは基板例えばガラス板や
プラスチック板の上に形成するのが普通であり、このよ
うなECDの構造の一例を第４図に示す。
第４図に於いて、２は下部透明電極（例えば、IT
O）、３は可逆的電解酸化層又は酸化着色性EC層（例え
ば酸化又は水酸化イリジウム）、４はイオン導電層（例
えば五酸化タンタル）、５は還元着色性EC層（例えばWO
3）、６は上部電極兼反射層（例えばAl）をそれぞれ示
し、基本的にはこの２〜６の積層構造だけでECDが構成
されるが、前述のとおり、これらのECDは基板（例えば
ガラス板）１上に形成される。
７はECDの封止材例えばエポキシ樹脂であり、８は保
護用の封止ガラス板である。
ところで、先の反応式からも理解されるように、EC層
は一種のコンデンサーと見ることができ、着色状態は電
荷が溜まっている状態、消色状態は電荷が空の状態と見
ることができる。
従って、一旦ECDを消色すれば、もはや消色電圧を印
加しても電流は流れないはずである。そのため、従来の
駆動方法は、第２図に示すように、着色電圧Vcを所定時
間Tc例えば２〜10秒の間印加し、その後は一対の電極層
間を開放状態にするものであった。
しかし、このようなECDも製造上の問題で、ECDによっ
ては、（１）本来電子絶縁性であるイオン導電層が多少
電子を通すこと、（２）一対の電極層間で多少の短絡状
態が存在することなどの原因で、一旦ECDを消色すれ
ば、もはや消色電圧を印加しても電流は流れないはずに
もかかわらず、実際には流れる（このことをリークがあ
ると呼び、その電流値を消色電圧で割った商をリーク量
と呼ぶ）ECDが多い。
そのため、何が起きるかというと、ECDを着色させた
後、着色電圧の印加をやめても、本来は着色状態が保持
される（メモリー性があるという）はずにもかかわら
ず、比較的速やかに自然に消色してしまう（メモリー性
がない）という問題点があった。
そこで、従来でも第３図に示すように、所定の着色電
圧Vcを所定時間Tc例えば２〜10秒の間印加して所定の着
色状態とした後、前記Vcと同一か又はそれより弱い着色
電圧Vccを印加し続けることにより一定の着色状態を維
持する駆動方法が提案された。
しかし、この提案された駆動方法は、ECDを早めに劣
化させ寿命を短くするという新たな問題点を発生させ
た。
従って、本発明の目的は、リークのあるECDについて
もメモリー性があるように見せ掛け、しかもECDの寿命
を短くしない駆動方法を提供することにある。
〔問題点を解決する為の手段〕
上記問題点の解決のため、本発明は「少なくともエレ
クトロクロミック層を一対の電極層で挟持してなり、リ
ークを有するエレクトロクロミック装置の一対の電極層
間に、所定の着色電圧Vcを印加して所定の着色状態とし
た後、該電極層間を所定時間toffの間開放する開放状態
と、該電極層間に前記着色電圧Vcと同一か或いはやや弱
い着色電圧Vccを所定時間tonの間印加する印加状態とを
繰り返すことにより、一定の着色状態を保持するエレク
トロクロミック装置の駆動方法において、
前記エレクトロクロミック装置を所定の着色状態とす
るまでに注入される電荷量Ｑ（単位：クローン）、前記
着色電圧Vcとは逆極性の消色電圧Vb（単位：ボルト）を
10秒間印加した後における前記エレクトロクロミック装
置のリーク量をＬ（単位：アンペア）とするとき、前記
所定時間toffと前記所定時間tonが
式1:toff×L/Q＜3/100
式2:1/100＜ton/toff＜1/3
を満足することを特徴とするエレクトロクロミック装置
の駆動方法。」を提供する。なお、ton/（ton＋toff）
をduty比と呼ぶ。
〔作用〕
本発明に於けるECDの積層構造は、特にどれと限定さ
れるものではないが、固体型ECDの構造としては、例え
ば電極層/EC層／イオン導電層／電極層のような４層
構造、電極層／還元着色性EC層／イオン導電層／可逆
的電解酸化層ないし酸化着色性EC層／電極層のような５
層構造があげられる。
透明電極の材料としては、例えばSnO2、In2O3、ITOな
どが使用される。このような電極層は、一般には真空蒸
着、イオンプレーティング、スパッタリングなどの真空
薄膜形成技術で形成される。（還元着色性）EC層として
は一般にWO3、MoO3などが使用される。
イオン導電層としては、例えば酸化ケイ素、酸化タン
タル、酸化チタン、酸化アルミニウム、酸化ニオブ、酸
化ジルコニウム、酸化ハフニウム、酸化ランタン、フッ
化マグネシウムなどが使用される。これらの物質薄膜は
製造方法により電子に対して絶縁体であるが、プロトン
（H+）およびヒドロキシイオン（OH-）に対しては良導
体となる。EC層の着色消色反応にはカチオンが必要とさ
れ、H+やLi+イオンをEC層その他に含有させる必要があ
る。H+イオンは初めからイオンである必要はなく、電圧
が印加されたときにH+イオンが生じればよく、従ってH+
イオンの代わりに水を含有させてもよい。この水は非常
に少なくて十分であり、しばしば、大気中から自然に侵
入する水分でも着消色する。
EC層とイオン導電層とは、どちらを上にしても下にし
てもよい。さらにEC層に対して間にイオン導電層を挟ん
で可逆的電解酸化層（ないし酸化着色型EC層）又は触媒
層を配設してもよい。このような層としては、例えば酸
化ないし水酸化イリジウム、同じくニッケル、同じくク
ロム、同じくバナジウム、同じくルテニウム、同じくロ
ジウムなどがあげられる。これらの物質は、イオン導電
層又は透明電極層を構成する物質例えば酸化ケイ素、酸
化タンタル、酸化チタン、酸化アルミニウム、酸化ニオ
ブ、酸化ジルコニウム、酸化ハフニウム、酸化ランタ
ン、フッ化マグネシウムや酸化スズ、酸化インジウム、
ITOなどに分散されていてもよい。
不透明な電極層は、反射層と兼用していてもよく、例
えば金、銀、アルミニウム、クロム、スズ、亜鉛、ニッ
ケル、ルテニウム、ロジウム、ステンレスなどの金属が
使用される。
以下、実施例により本発明を具体的に説明するが、本
発明はこれに限定されるものではない。
〔実施例〕
縦8cm×横15cm×厚さ1mmのガラス基板１を用意し、こ
れにITO電極層を形成し、次にホトエッチング又はレー
ザーカッティングにより上部電極６用の取出し部6aと下
部電極層２との間に溝を形成した。これにより取出し部
6aと下部電極層２とそれに連続して続く下部電極の取出
し部を形成した。
なお、ITOをマスク蒸着することにより直接にこれら
のパターンを形成してもよい。
次に酸化イリジウムと酸化スズとの混合物からなる酸
化着色性層３、イオン導電層４としての酸化タンタル層
及び還元着色性EC層５として酸化タングステン層を順に
形成した。
次に上部電極層６としてAlを蒸着した。このときAlは
既に基板１上に形成された取出し部6aと一端が接触する
ようにする。
最後に封止用ガラス板８にエポキシ樹脂封止材７を多
めに塗布しこれをECDに張り合わせ、そして放置するこ
とによりエポキシ樹脂を硬化させ、第４図に示すECDを
作製した。第４図は、一部をデホルメしてあり、正確な
寸法比を有しない。
このECDは、上部電極層６がAlで反射層を兼用してい
ることから基板１側から入射した光（Ｌ）は上部電極層
６で反射されるので、消色電圧Vb＝−1.0Vを印加したと
ころ、約１秒で消色状態となり、反射率Ｒを測定したと
ころＲ＝60％で、それ以上消色電圧Vbを印加し続けても
Ｒに変化はなかった。
それに対しEC層を着色させると、反射光は、途中で第
1EC層５と第2EC層３をそれぞれ２度透過するので吸収さ
れて反射光量が減少し、その結果反射率Ｒが低下する。
そこで、このECDに駆動電源（Su）から着色電圧Vc＝
＋1.35Vを印加すると、約３秒でＲ＝16％に低下し、そ
れ以上着色電圧Vcを印加し続けても、Ｒに変化はなかっ
た。
Ｒ＝16％とした後、消色電圧VB＝−1.0Vを印加する
と、約１秒でＲ＝60％に戻ったが、Vbを印加してから10
秒後に電流を測定したところ、0.6mA/Vの電流が流れ続
けており、これは１時間後に測定しても同一であった。
そこで、消色電圧Vbを印加してから10秒後に測定した電
流値（ここでは0.6mA/V）をリーク量Ｌと定義した。
同様にECDを100枚製造し、各ECDのリーク量Ｌを測定
した。その中からリーク量Ｌが、
0.6mA/Vのもの：第１グループ
１ mA/Vのもの：第２グループ
２ mA/Vのもの：第３グループ
３ mA/Vのもの：第４グループ
４ mA/Vのもの：第５グループ
を各グループとも５枚選択した。
反射率Ｒは±５％変化すると、人間の目には大きく変
化したと感じるので、選択したECDについて初期値Ｒ＝1
6％とした後、反射率Ｒが５％増加するまでの時間（リ
ーク量Ｌに依存する）を調べた。この結果を第１表に示
す。
この結果から、リーク量Ｌ＝1mA/V以下のECDを問題な
しとし、リーク量Ｌ＝2mA/V以上のものをリークがある
と判定して、リーク量Ｌ＝2mA/Vのものについて各種の
駆動方法を試みた。
まず、このリーク量Ｌ＝2mA/V＝0.002A/VのECDについ
て、EC層に注入・排出される電荷量Ｑを測定したとこ
ろ、Ｑ＝0.7クローンであった。そこで、前記式１、式
２を計算したところ、
であったので、ここではtoff及びtonのように設定し
た。
次に、比較試験のため、リーク量＝2mA/VのECDを３グ
ループ用意し、それらについて、
グループＡ ：第２図に示すように着色電圧Vc＝＋1.35
Vを５秒印加した後、降圧してゼロとする駆動方法、
グループＢ ：第３図に示すように着色電圧Vc＝＋1.35
Vを５秒印加した後、降圧してVcc＝＋1.2Vを印加し続け
る駆動方法、
グループＣ ：第１図に示すように着色電圧Vc＝＋1.35
Vを５秒印加した後、降圧してVcc＝＋1.2Vを第２表の各
実施態様に従いtonの間印加する印加状態とtoffの間一
対の電極間を開放する開放状態を繰り返す駆動方法
をそれぞれ長期間試みた。
なお、上記試験の途中でQCDの劣化状態を見るため、
駆動開始から５時間後、10時間後、１日後、２日後、７
日後、14日後、１ヵ月後、２ヵ月後、６ヵ月後にそれぞ
れ反射率Rc（着色状態）と、一旦消色電圧Vb＝−1.0ボ
ルトを５秒間印加して消色状態にしたときの反射率Rbを
測定した。
この結果、反射率Rc（着色状態）が当初の16％であれ
ばメモリー性がありと判定して合格とし、反射率Rc（着
色状態）が当初の16％より５％以上向上していればメモ
リー性なしと判定して不合格とし、反射率Rb（消色状
態）が当初の60％であればECDの劣化はないと判断して
合格とし、反射率Rb（消色状態）が当初の60％より５％
以上小さければEC層が着色状態のまま固定されECDが劣
化したと判断し、不合格とした。前者をメモリー性、後
者を寿命として次の第３表に「初めて不合格になるまで
の試験開始からの経過時間」を示す。
〔発明の効果〕
以上のように、本発明によれば、リークのあるECDで
あっても、着色状態とした後、一対の電極間を所定時
間toffの間開放する開放状態と、該電極間に着色電圧
Vcと同一か又はやや弱い着色電圧Vccを所定時間Tonの間
印加する印加状態とを、繰り返すことにより、メモリー
性があるように見せ掛けることができ、しかもECDの寿
命を短くしないで済む。Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for driving a leaky electrochromic device. [Prior Art] A phenomenon in which a voltage is applied to cause a reversible electrolytic oxidation or reduction reaction to cause reversible coloring is called electrochromism. An EC device (hereinafter, referred to as an EC) that sandwiches a thin film of an electrochromic (hereinafter abbreviated as EC) material exhibiting such a phenomenon between a pair of electrode layers and operates a voltage applied between the electrode layers to perform color erasure. ECD)
Attempts to use a light emitting element for a light amount control element (for example, an anti-glare mirror) or a numerical display element using 7 segments have been reported.
It has been done for over a year. For example, an ECD in which a transparent electrode layer, a two-layer film of a tungsten trioxide thin film and an insulating film (for example, silicon dioxide) (in any order) and a counter electrode layer are sequentially laminated on a glass substrate
(See Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-46098) is known as an all-solid-state ECD. When a coloring voltage Vc is applied to this ECD, the tungsten trioxide (WO 3 ) thin film is colored blue. Then this ECD
When a decoloring voltage Vb of the opposite polarity is applied to the WO 3 thin film, the blue color of the WO 3 thin film disappears and the WO 3 thin film becomes colorless. Although the mechanism of this coloring and decoloring is not elucidated in detail, it is understood that a small amount of water contained in the WO 3 thin film and the insulating film (ion conductive layer) controls the coloring and decoloring of WO 3. I have. The coloring reaction formula is estimated as follows. By the way, at least one of the pair of electrode layers directly or indirectly sandwiching the EC layer must be transparent in order to make the discoloration of the EC layer visible to the outside. In particular, in the case of a transmissive ECD, both must be transparent. Currently, transparent electrode materials include SnO 2 , In 2 O 3 , and ITO (SnO 2 and In 2 O 3
And ZnO, etc., are known, but these materials have to be thin because of their relatively poor transparency, and for this and other reasons, the ECD is placed on a substrate such as a glass or plastic plate. An example of such an ECD structure, which is usually formed, is shown in FIG. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 2 denotes a lower transparent electrode (for example, IT
O), 3 is a reversible electrolytic oxide layer or an oxidative coloring EC layer (for example, iridium oxide or hydroxide), 4 is an ion conductive layer (for example, tantalum pentoxide), and 5 is a reducing coloring EC layer (for example, WO)
3 ) and 6 denote an upper electrode and a reflection layer (for example, Al), respectively. Basically, an ECD is composed only of the laminated structure of 2 to 6, but as described above, these ECDs are made of a substrate (for example, Plate 1). Reference numeral 7 denotes a sealing material for the ECD, for example, an epoxy resin, and reference numeral 8 denotes a sealing glass plate for protection. By the way, as can be understood from the above reaction equation, the EC layer can be regarded as a kind of capacitor, the colored state can be regarded as a state where electric charge is accumulated, and the decolored state can be regarded as a state where the electric charge is empty . Therefore, once the ECD is erased, no current should flow even if the erase voltage is applied. Therefore, in the conventional driving method, as shown in FIG. 2, the coloring voltage Vc is applied for a predetermined time Tc, for example, for 2 to 10 seconds, and thereafter, the pair of electrode layers is opened. However, such an ECD is also a manufacturing problem, and depending on the ECD, (1) the ionic conductive layer, which is originally electronically insulating, allows some electrons to pass, and (2) a slight short-circuit state exists between a pair of electrode layers. For example, once the ECD is decolored, the current does not flow even if the decoloring voltage is applied, but the current actually flows (this is called leakage, The quotient of the value divided by the decoloring voltage is called the leak amount.) There are many ECDs. Therefore, what happens is that even if the application of the coloring voltage is stopped after the ECD is colored, the colored state is originally maintained (it is said to have a memory property), but the natural state is relatively quick. There was a problem that the color was erased (there was no memory property). Therefore, conventionally, as shown in FIG. 3, a predetermined coloring voltage Vc is applied for a predetermined time Tc, for example, for 2 to 10 seconds to obtain a predetermined coloring state, and then a coloring voltage equal to or weaker than Vc. A driving method for maintaining a constant colored state by continuously applying Vcc has been proposed. However, the proposed driving method has a new problem in that the ECD is quickly deteriorated and its life is shortened. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a driving method that makes a leaky ECD seem to have a memory property and does not shorten the life of the ECD. [Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing an electrochromic device having at least an electrochromic layer sandwiched between a pair of electrode layers, and a pair of electrode layers of an electrochromic device having a leak. after a predetermined colored state by applying a predetermined coloring voltage V c, and an open state to open between the electrode layers a predetermined time t off, the coloring voltage V c of the same or slightly weak coloration to the electrode layers In the method for driving an electrochromic device that maintains a constant colored state by repeating the application state in which the voltage Vcc is applied for a predetermined time t on , the injection is performed until the electrochromic device is brought into a predetermined colored state. that the charge amount Q (unit: clone), the coloring voltage V and c of opposite polarity decoloration voltage V b (unit: volt) of
The electrochromic device of the leakage amount of L (amperes) in the after applied 10 seconds when a, wherein the predetermined time t off the predetermined time t on the formula 1: t off × L / Q <3/100 formula 2: A driving method of an electrochromic device, wherein 1/100 <t on / t off <1/3 is satisfied. "I will provide a. Note that t on / (t on + t off )
Is called a duty ratio. [Effect] The laminated structure of the ECD according to the present invention is not particularly limited, but the structure of the solid-type ECD may be, for example, an electrode layer / EC layer / ion conductive layer / electrode layer. 5 such as layer structure, electrode layer / reducing coloring EC layer / ion conductive layer / reversible electrolytic oxidation layer or oxidizing coloring EC layer / electrode layer
The layer structure is mentioned. As a material of the transparent electrode, for example, SnO 2 , In 2 O 3 , ITO, or the like is used. Such an electrode layer is generally formed by a vacuum thin film forming technique such as vacuum deposition, ion plating, and sputtering. (Reduction coloring) WO 3 , MoO 3 and the like are generally used as the EC layer. As the ion conductive layer, for example, silicon oxide, tantalum oxide, titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, niobium oxide, zirconium oxide, hafnium oxide, lanthanum oxide, magnesium fluoride, and the like are used. Although these material thin films are insulators for electrons depending on the manufacturing method, they are good conductors for protons (H + ) and hydroxy ions (OH − ). A cation is required for the color decoloring reaction of the EC layer, and it is necessary to include H + and Li + ions in the EC layer and the like. H + ions need not be ion from the beginning, it may be the H + ions when a voltage is applied Shojire, therefore H +
Water may be contained instead of ions. This water is very small and sufficient, and often discolors even water that naturally enters from the atmosphere. Either the EC layer or the ionic conductive layer may be on the upper side or the lower side. Further, a reversible electrolytic oxidation layer (or an oxidative coloring type EC layer) or a catalyst layer may be provided on the EC layer with an ion conductive layer interposed therebetween. Examples of such a layer include iridium oxide or hydroxide, nickel, chromium, vanadium, ruthenium, rhodium, and the like. These substances are substances constituting an ion conductive layer or a transparent electrode layer, such as silicon oxide, tantalum oxide, titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, niobium oxide, zirconium oxide, hafnium oxide, lanthanum oxide, magnesium fluoride, tin oxide, and indium oxide. ,
It may be dispersed in ITO or the like. The opaque electrode layer may also serve as the reflection layer, and for example, a metal such as gold, silver, aluminum, chromium, tin, zinc, nickel, ruthenium, rhodium, and stainless steel is used. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto. [Example] A glass substrate 1 having a length of 8 cm × a width of 15 cm × a thickness of 1 mm was prepared, an ITO electrode layer was formed thereon, and then an extraction portion 6 a for the upper electrode 6 and a lower electrode layer were formed by photoetching or laser cutting. 2 and a groove was formed. This takes out the unit
6a, the lower electrode layer 2, and a portion for taking out the lower electrode continued from the lower electrode layer 2 were formed. Note that these patterns may be directly formed by depositing ITO using a mask. Next, an oxide coloring layer 3 made of a mixture of iridium oxide and tin oxide, a tantalum oxide layer as an ion conductive layer 4 and a tungsten oxide layer as a reduction coloring EC layer 5 were sequentially formed. Next, Al was deposited as the upper electrode layer 6. At this time, Al is made to contact one end with the extraction portion 6a already formed on the substrate 1. Finally, a relatively large amount of the epoxy resin sealing material 7 was applied to the sealing glass plate 8, this was adhered to the ECD, and the epoxy resin was cured by leaving it to stand, thereby producing the ECD shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is partially deformed and does not have an exact dimensional ratio. In this ECD, the light (L) incident from the substrate 1 side is reflected by the upper electrode layer 6 because the upper electrode layer 6 also serves as a reflection layer of Al, so that the decoloring voltage Vb = −1.0 V is applied. When the voltage was applied, the color was decolored in about 1 second. When the reflectance R was measured, R was 60%. Even when the decoloring voltage Vb was further applied, R did not change. On the other hand, if the EC layer is colored, the reflected light
Since the light passes through the 1EC layer 5 and the second EC layer 2 twice, it is absorbed and the amount of reflected light decreases, and as a result, the reflectance R decreases. Then, the coloring voltage Vc =
When +1.35 V was applied, R was reduced to 16% in about 3 seconds. Even if the coloring voltage Vc was further applied, R was not changed. When the decoloring voltage VB = -1.0 V was applied after setting R = 16%, the value returned to R = 60% in about 1 second.
When the current was measured two seconds later, a current of 0.6 mA / V continued to flow, which was the same even after one hour.
Therefore, the current value (0.6 mA / V in this case) measured 10 seconds after the application of the decoloring voltage Vb was defined as the leak amount L. Similarly, 100 ECDs were manufactured, and the leakage amount L of each ECD was measured. Among them, the leak amount L is 0.6 mA / V: 1st group 1 mA / V: 2nd group 2 mA / V: 3rd group 3 mA / V: 4th group 4 mA / V: The fifth group was selected for each group. When the reflectance R changes by ± 5%, the human eye feels that it has changed greatly. Therefore, the initial value R = 1 for the selected ECD.
After 6%, the time until the reflectance R increased by 5% (depending on the leak amount L) was examined. Table 1 shows the results. From this result, it is determined that there is no problem with the ECD having the leak amount L = 1 mA / V or less, and it is determined that there is a leak when the leak amount L is 2 mA / V or more. The driving method was tried. First, with respect to the ECD having the leak amount L = 2 mA / V = 0.002 A / V, the charge amount Q injected and discharged into the EC layer was measured, and it was found that Q = 0.7 clone. Therefore, when Equations 1 and 2 were calculated, Therefore, here, t off and t on were set. Next, for comparison, three groups of ECDs each having a leak amount of 2 mA / V were prepared, and the group A: coloring voltage Vc = + 1.35 as shown in FIG.
A drive method in which V is applied for 5 seconds and then the voltage is reduced to zero. Group B: As shown in FIG. 3, coloring voltage Vc = + 1.35
A driving method in which after V is applied for 5 seconds, the voltage is stepped down and Vcc = + 1.2 V is continuously applied, Group C: coloring voltage Vc = + 1.35 as shown in FIG.
After the V is applied for 5 seconds, driving repeating open state to open the inter buck to Vcc = + 1.2V pair between the application state and t off is applied between t on in accordance with the embodiment of Table 2 electrode Each method was tried for a long time. In order to check the deterioration of QCD during the above test,
5 hours, 10 hours, 1 day, 2 days, 7
Day, 14 days, 1 month, 2 months, and 6 months later, the reflectance Rc (colored state) and the reflectance when the color was erased by applying a decoloring voltage Vb = -1.0 volt for 5 seconds. Rb was measured. As a result, if the reflectivity Rc (colored state) is 16% of the initial value, it is determined that there is a memory property, and it is judged as pass. If the reflectivity Rc (colored state) is improved by 5% or more from the initial 16%. If there is no memory property, it is rejected. If the reflectance Rb (decolored state) is 60% of the initial value, it is judged that there is no deterioration of the ECD, and the result is passed. The reflectance Rb (decolored state) is the initial value. 5% from 60%
If it is smaller than the above, it was judged that the EC layer was fixed in the colored state and the ECD was deteriorated, and was rejected. Table 3 below shows “elapsed time from the start of the test until the first failure”, with the former being the memory property and the latter being the life. [Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, even in the case of an ECD having a leak, after being in a colored state, an open state in which a pair of electrodes is opened for a predetermined time t off , Coloring voltage between
By repeating the application state in which the same or slightly weaker coloring voltage Vcc as Vc is applied for a predetermined time T on , it is possible to make it appear that there is a memory property, and it is not necessary to shorten the life of the ECD.
【図面の簡単な説明】
第１図は、本発明の１実施例にかかる駆動方法を説明す
る着色電圧のタイムチャートである。
第２〜３図は、従来の駆動方法を説明する着色電圧のタ
イムチャートである。
第４図は、本発明の１実施例に使用したECDの垂直断面
を示す概念図である。
〔主要部分の符号の説明〕
１……ガラス基板
２……下部透明電極層
３……酸化着色性EC層
４……イオン導電層
５……還元着色性EC層
６……上部電極層BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a time chart of a coloring voltage for explaining a driving method according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 and 3 are time charts of a coloring voltage for explaining a conventional driving method. FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing a vertical cross section of an ECD used in one embodiment of the present invention. [Description of Signs of Main Parts] 1 ... Glass substrate 2 ... Lower transparent electrode layer 3 ... Oxidative coloring EC layer 4 ... Ion conductive layer 5 ... Reduction coloring EC layer 6 ... Top electrode layer
Claims (1)
で挟持してなり、リークを有するエレクトロクロミック
装置の一対の電極層間に、所定の着色電圧Vcを印加して
所定の着色状態とした後、該電極層間を所定時間toffの
間開放する開放状態と、該電極層間に前記着色電圧Vcと
同一か或いはやや弱い着色電圧Vccを所定時間tonの間印
加する印加状態とを繰り返すことにより、一定の着色状
態を保持するエレクトロクロミック装置の駆動方法にお
いて、 前記エレクトロクロミック装置を所定の着色状態とする
までに注入される電荷量Ｑ（単位：クーロン）、前記着
色電圧Vcとは逆極性の消色電圧Vb（単位：ボルト）を10
秒間印加した後における前記エレクトロクロミック装置
のリーク量をＬ（単位：アンペア）とするとき、前記所
定時間toffと前記所定時間tonが 式1:toff×L/Q＜3/100 式2:1/100＜ton/toff＜1/3 を満足することを特徴とするエレクトロクロミック装置
の駆動方法。(57) [Claims] It is sandwiched between at least the electrochromic layer in the pair of electrode layers, a pair of electrode layers of the electrochromic device having a leak after a predetermined colored state by applying a predetermined coloring voltage V c, the electrode layers By repeating an open state of opening for a predetermined time t off and an application state of applying a coloring voltage V cc that is the same as or slightly weaker than the coloring voltage V c between the electrode layers for a predetermined time t on , the method of driving an electrochromic device holding colored state, the electrochromic Mick device is injected until a predetermined colored state charge amount Q (unit: coulomb), decoloration of opposite polarity from that of the colored voltage V c Voltage V b (unit: volt) is 10
Leakage quantity L (unit: ampere) of the electrochromic device in after applying seconds when the said predetermined time t off and the predetermined time t on the formula 1: t off × L / Q <3/100 Equation 2 : A method for driving an electrochromic device, wherein 1/100 <t on / t off <1/3 is satisfied.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62042248A JP2696827B2 (en) | 1987-02-25 | 1987-02-25 | Driving method of electrochromic device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62042248A JP2696827B2 (en) | 1987-02-25 | 1987-02-25 | Driving method of electrochromic device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63208830A JPS63208830A (en) | 1988-08-30 |
| JP2696827B2 true JP2696827B2 (en) | 1998-01-14 |
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ID=12630724
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62042248A Expired - Fee Related JP2696827B2 (en) | 1987-02-25 | 1987-02-25 | Driving method of electrochromic device |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2696827B2 (en) |
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