JP2024040522A - Method for treating organic wastewater - Google Patents

Method for treating organic wastewater Download PDF

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JP2024040522A
JP2024040522A JP2024022406A JP2024022406A JP2024040522A JP 2024040522 A JP2024040522 A JP 2024040522A JP 2024022406 A JP2024022406 A JP 2024022406A JP 2024022406 A JP2024022406 A JP 2024022406A JP 2024040522 A JP2024040522 A JP 2024040522A
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organic wastewater
biological treatment
water
insect growth
tank
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豊 米山
Yutaka Yoneyama
惇太 高橋
Atsuta Takahashi
隆続 八木橋
Takatsugu Yagihashi
祐輝 亀ヶ澤
Yuki Kamegasawa
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Swing Corp
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Swing Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for treating organic wastewater using a non-aerated biological treatment device that can simply and effectively suppress a generation of flies.
SOLUTION: There is provided a method for treating organic wastewater, including: supplying organic wastewater to a water receiving tank of a non-aerated biological treatment device comprising a water receiving tank and a filter bed tank; spreading organic wastewater from the water receiving tank to the filter bed tank for biological treatment; and adding an insect growth control agent that suppresses a growth of fly larvae to the organic wastewater in the biological treatment device, in which the addition of the insect growth control agent is carried out while the supply of organic wastewater to the water tank is stopped and a discharge of the organic wastewater from the biological treatment device is stopped, and the biological treatment is carried out while circulating the organic wastewater between the water receiving tank and the filter bed tank and while the supply of the organic wastewater to the water receiving tank is stopped and the discharge of organic wastewater from the biological treatment device is stopped.
SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1
COPYRIGHT: (C)2024,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は無曝気方式の生物処理装置を利用した有機性廃水の処理方法におけるハエ発生対策に関する。 The present invention relates to measures against fly generation in a method for treating organic wastewater using a non-aerated biological treatment device.

散水ろ床法等の無曝気方式の生物処理法は、標準活性汚泥法に比べ、曝気が不要であることから、消費電力が少ない、汚泥発生量が少なく余剰汚泥の処分コストを削減できるといった特徴をもつ。そのため、近年、電気などのインフラが整備されていない東南アジア等の発展途上国における下水処理などへの適用が検討されている。 Compared to the standard activated sludge method, aeration-free biological treatment methods such as the trickling filter method do not require aeration, so they consume less electricity, generate less sludge, and reduce the cost of disposing of excess sludge. have. Therefore, in recent years, applications have been considered for sewage treatment in developing countries such as Southeast Asia, where infrastructure such as electricity is not well developed.

一方、無曝気方式の生物処理法においては、散水ろ床のろ材上に汚泥が付着するため、付着した汚泥が腐敗することにより悪臭が発生し、この汚泥に起因して、ろ床ハエとよばれるチョウバエの一種が発生することが知られている。特に、地域にもよるが気温が２０℃～２５℃となる５月～６月、９月～１０月の期間、散水ろ床処理装置に代表される無曝気方式の生物処理装置ではろ床ハエの発生が多く見られる。ろ床ハエの発生により、装置の維持管理を行う際の作業環境が悪化するという問題がある。上記問題に対する対策としては、以下の技術が知られている。 On the other hand, in the non-aeration biological treatment method, sludge adheres to the filter media of the trickling filter bed, and as the adhering sludge decomposes, a foul odor is generated, and this sludge causes problems such as filter bed flies and A type of common butterfly fly is known to occur. In particular, during the months of May to June and September to October, when the temperature is between 20°C and 25°C, depending on the region, filter bed flies are not observed in non-aerated biological treatment equipment such as trickling filter equipment. Occurrence is often seen. There is a problem in that the generation of filter bed flies deteriorates the working environment when maintaining and managing the equipment. The following techniques are known as countermeasures to the above problem.

特許文献１（国際公開第２０１５／００１７０８号）には、洗浄手段を用いて散水ろ床を洗浄することにより、ろ床ハエの卵および幼虫、ろ材の表面に過度に付着した生物膜、並びに、ろ材間に補捉された固形物を散水ろ床から除去する方法が開示されている。洗浄手段としては、散水ろ床内に洗浄水を貯留してろ材層を冠水させる洗浄水貯留機構と、冠水したろ材層の硝化細菌が付着したろ材を撹拌して洗浄する撹拌洗浄機構と、撹拌洗浄後の洗浄水を排出する排水機構とを有する洗浄手段が記載されている。当該文献には、当該洗浄手段によって、ろ床ハエや悪臭の発生を抑制しつつ、被処理水を効率的に処理することができることが記載されている。 Patent Document 1 (International Publication No. 2015/001708) discloses that by cleaning a trickling filter bed using a cleaning means, eggs and larvae of filter bed flies, biofilm excessively attached to the surface of the filter medium, and A method for removing solids trapped between filter media from a trickling filter bed is disclosed. The cleaning means includes a cleaning water storage mechanism that stores cleaning water in a trickling filter bed and submerges the filter media layer, an agitation cleaning mechanism that agitates and cleans the filter media with nitrifying bacteria attached to the submerged filter media layer, and a stirring system. A cleaning means having a drainage mechanism for discharging cleaning water after cleaning is described. This document describes that the cleaning means can efficiently treat water to be treated while suppressing the generation of filter bed flies and bad odors.

特許文献２（特開２０２０－１５７２３７号公報）には、水槽に水を張ってろ材層全体を水に浸漬させ、その状態を一定時間維持して、ろ材層に付着した有害生物の幼虫や卵等を窒息死させる場合に、水槽内に生息する有害生物は、水槽の壁を伝わって上方に退避するため、洗浄操作が終わった後も有害生物が残存して、再び有害生物によって汚染された状態になることが多かったことが記載されている。そのため、当該文献においては、水を張る際に、ろ材層が充填されている水槽内に生息する有害生物が忌避する波長の光を前記水槽の内壁に照射する方法が提案されている。当該方法により、ハエの幼虫などの有害生物が水槽の内壁を伝わって上方に退避することができなくなり、水面下に沈んで窒息死する、または排水時に排水と一緒に排出されるので、有害生物をより効果的に死滅または除去させることが可能となるとされている。 Patent Document 2 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2020-157237) discloses that a water tank is filled with water, the entire filter layer is immersed in water, and this state is maintained for a certain period of time to remove the larvae and eggs of harmful organisms that have adhered to the filter layer. When suffocating a fish to death, the harmful organisms living in the aquarium evacuate upward along the walls of the aquarium, so even after the cleaning operation is finished, the harmful organisms remain and the aquarium becomes contaminated again. It is stated that the condition often occurs. Therefore, this document proposes a method of irradiating the inner wall of an aquarium filled with a filter layer with light having a wavelength that is repelled by harmful organisms living in the aquarium when filling the aquarium with water. This method prevents harmful organisms such as fly larvae from escaping upward along the inner walls of the aquarium, and either sinks below the water surface and suffocates to death, or is discharged together with the wastewater when draining, thereby eliminating harmful organisms. It is said that it will be possible to kill or remove more effectively.

特許文献３（特開平７－１４７８７５号公報）には、無曝気方式の生物処理法に関する技術ではないが、殺虫成分、油性溶剤および可燃性噴射剤からなるエアゾールを、火気のない害虫発生場所で１秒あたり５ｇ以上噴射する害虫の防除方法が開示されている。当該文献によれば、エアゾール内容物を短時間に必要量噴射することで、無作為的に噴射したにもかかわらず、きわめて効率よく害虫を防除でき、かつ作業時間を大幅に短縮することができることが記載されている。 Patent Document 3 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-147875) does not describe a technology related to a non-aeration biological treatment method, but it describes the use of an aerosol consisting of an insecticidal component, an oily solvent, and a flammable propellant in a location where pests are infested without open flames. A pest control method that sprays 5 g or more per second is disclosed. According to this document, by spraying the necessary amount of aerosol contents in a short period of time, pests can be controlled extremely efficiently and the working time can be significantly shortened even though spraying is performed randomly. is listed.

特許文献４（特開２００３－９５８１１号公報）には、無曝気方式の生物処理法に関する技術ではないが、殺虫剤を泡沫状に噴射することができることを特徴とするマンホールに生息する害虫の防除剤が開示されている。当該文献によれば、マンホールに生息する害虫の防除剤を使用することにより、マンホールで発生するチョウバエ、チカイエカ、ノミバエを効率良く防除するとともに、再発生も長期にわたり抑制することが可能であることが記載されている。 Patent Document 4 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2003-95811) does not refer to a technology related to a non-aeration biological treatment method, but there is a technology for controlling pests living in manholes that is characterized by being able to spray insecticide in the form of foam. Agents are disclosed. According to this document, by using a control agent for pests that live in manholes, it is possible to efficiently control butterflies, Chie bugs, and flea flies that occur in manholes, and also to suppress their reoccurrence over a long period of time. Are listed.

国際公開第２０１５／００１７０８号International Publication No. 2015/001708 特開２０２０－１５７２３７号公報JP2020-157237A 特開平７－１４７８７５号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-147875 特開２００３－９５８１１号公報Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2003-95811

特許文献１では、ろ床ハエの発生を抑制するために、ろ床内に洗浄水を貯留してろ材層を冠水させる洗浄水貯留機構と、冠水したろ材層の硝化細菌が付着したろ材を撹拌して洗浄する撹拌洗浄機構と、撹拌洗浄後の洗浄水を排出する排水機構とを有する洗浄手段を必要とする。このため、洗浄手段を既存設備へ設置する場合には設備の改修が必要となり、また、ろ材を冠水させたり撹拌したりする洗浄操作が必要となるので簡便性に欠ける。更には、洗浄によって発生する排水の処理が必要となる。 Patent Document 1 discloses, in order to suppress the generation of filter bed flies, a washing water storage mechanism that stores washing water in the filter bed to submerge the filter medium layer, and agitates the filter medium to which nitrifying bacteria in the submerged filter medium layer is attached. A cleaning means is required that has an agitation cleaning mechanism for cleaning by stirring and a drainage mechanism for discharging the cleaning water after the agitation cleaning. Therefore, when the cleaning means is installed in existing equipment, it is necessary to modify the equipment, and cleaning operations such as submerging or stirring the filter medium are required, which lacks simplicity. Furthermore, it is necessary to treat wastewater generated by cleaning.

特許文献２は、忌避する波長の光を前記水槽の内壁に照射する発光装置が必要となる。また、特許文献２の発明は、水槽に水を張ってろ材層全体を水に浸漬させ、その状態を一定時間維持して、ろ材層に付着した有害生物の幼虫や卵等を窒息死させる方法を採用することを前提とする。このため、特許文献１と同様に、設備改修の必要性があり、また、所定時間の水張り操作及び光照射が必要となるので簡便性にも欠け、更には、排水処理も必要となる。 Patent Document 2 requires a light emitting device that irradiates the inner wall of the aquarium with light of a wavelength to be avoided. Furthermore, the invention disclosed in Patent Document 2 is a method in which a water tank is filled with water, the entire filter layer is immersed in water, and this state is maintained for a certain period of time to suffocate the larvae, eggs, etc. of harmful organisms that have adhered to the filter layer. It is assumed that this will be adopted. Therefore, similar to Patent Document 1, there is a need for equipment renovation, and since water filling operation and light irradiation are required for a predetermined period of time, it lacks simplicity, and furthermore, wastewater treatment is required.

特許文献３は、エアゾールを害虫発生場所に噴霧することを要求する。散水ろ床処理装置のように、害虫発生場所が外気と連通しており閉鎖されていない場合には、エアゾールが大気中に拡散してしまうため、効果的な害虫防除方法とは言えない。また、大気中に生息するハエの成虫に対する抑制効果は期待できても水中や水槽の内壁、生物膜中等に生息するハエの幼虫の抑制効果は不明である。ハエの発生を効果的に抑制するためにはハエの幼虫の成長を抑制できることが望ましい。 Patent Document 3 requires that an aerosol be sprayed onto a pest-infested area. If the pest infestation area is connected to the outside air and is not closed off, such as in a trickling filter treatment device, the aerosol will diffuse into the atmosphere, so it cannot be said to be an effective pest control method. Furthermore, although it can be expected to have a suppressive effect on adult flies that live in the atmosphere, the suppressive effect on fly larvae that live in water, on the inner walls of aquariums, in biofilms, etc. is unknown. In order to effectively suppress the occurrence of flies, it is desirable to be able to suppress the growth of fly larvae.

特許文献４は、マンホールのような閉鎖された空間に殺虫剤を泡沫状に噴射することを特徴とする発明である。そのため、仮に、殺虫剤を泡沫状に噴射しても、散水ろ床処理装置のように、害虫発生場所が外気と連通しており閉鎖されていない場合には、殺虫剤が大気中に拡散してしまうため、特許文献３と同様の問題がある。 Patent Document 4 is an invention characterized by spraying an insecticide in the form of foam into a closed space such as a manhole. Therefore, even if insecticide is sprayed in the form of foam, if the pest infestation area is connected to the outside air and is not closed off, such as in a trickling filter, the insecticide will spread into the atmosphere. Therefore, there is a problem similar to that of Patent Document 3.

上記事情に鑑み、本発明は一実施形態において、無曝気方式の生物処理装置を利用した有機性廃水の処理方法において、簡便で効果的にハエの発生を抑制可能な方法を提供することを課題とする。また、本発明は別の一実施形態において、簡便で効果的にハエの発生を抑制可能な無曝気方式の生物処理装置を提供することを課題とする。 In view of the above circumstances, it is an object of the present invention, in one embodiment, to provide a method that can simply and effectively suppress the generation of flies in a method of treating organic wastewater using a non-aerated biological treatment device. shall be. In another embodiment of the present invention, it is an object of the present invention to provide a non-aeration type biological treatment device that can simply and effectively suppress the generation of flies.

本発明者は上記課題を解決すべく鋭意検討したところ、有機性廃水に昆虫成長制御剤を添加することがハエの発生を抑制するのに顕著な効果を示すことを見出し、以下に例示される本発明を創作した。 The present inventor conducted extensive studies to solve the above problems and found that adding an insect growth control agent to organic wastewater has a remarkable effect on suppressing the occurrence of flies. created this invention.

［１］
有機性廃水を無曝気方式の生物処理装置に供給する工程と、
供給された有機性廃水を前記生物処理装置で生物処理する工程と、
有機性廃水が前記生物処理装置に供給される前、供給された後、又は両者において、有機性廃水に昆虫成長制御剤を添加する工程と、
を含む有機性廃水の処理方法。
［２］
有機性廃水に昆虫成長制御剤を添加する時期と、有機性廃水に昆虫成長制御剤を添加しない時期があり、有機性廃水に昆虫成長制御剤を添加する時期は、有機性廃水に昆虫成長制御剤を添加しない時期に比べて、前記生物処理装置に供給される有機性廃水の単位時間当たりの供給量が低い［１］に記載の有機性廃水の処理方法。
［３］
前記生物処理装置への有機性廃水の供給が停止し、且つ、前記生物処理装置からの有機性廃水の排出が停止している間に、昆虫成長制御剤を前記生物処理装置内の有機性廃水に添加する［１］に記載の有機性廃水の処理方法。
［４］
前記生物処理装置への有機性廃水の供給が停止し、且つ、前記生物処理装置からの有機性廃水の排出が停止している時間が、１２時間以上である［３］に記載の有機性廃水の処理方法。
［５］
前記生物処理装置への有機性廃水の供給が停止し、且つ、前記生物処理装置からの有機性廃水の排出が停止している間、前記生物処理装置は有機性廃水を前記生物処理装置内で循環させながら生物処理する［３］又は［４］に記載の有機性廃水の処理方法。
［６］
前記生物処理装置への有機性廃水の供給が行われている間は、有機性廃水に昆虫成長制御剤を添加しない［３］～［５］の何れか一項に記載の有機性廃水の処理方法。
［７］
有機性廃水を貯留する受水槽と、
有機性廃水を生物処理するための生物膜と、
受水槽内の有機性廃水へ昆虫成長制御剤を供給する手段と、
を備える無曝気方式の生物処理装置。
［８］
前記生物膜を担持する担体を収容し、大気と連通する少なくとも１つのろ床槽と、
受水槽内の有機性廃水をろ床槽に散布するための散水機と、
を備える［７］に記載の無曝気方式の生物処理装置。
［９］
昆虫成長制御剤を供給する前記手段が、錠剤の形態にある昆虫成長制御剤を収容し、受水槽内の有機性廃水中に浸漬するための通水性の容器である［７］又は［８］に記載の無曝気方式の生物処理装置。
［１０］
前記容器は、前記受水槽の入口側の壁に吊るされる［９］に記載の無曝気方式の生物処理装置。 [1]
a step of supplying organic wastewater to an aeration-free biological treatment device;
Biologically treating the supplied organic wastewater with the biological treatment device;
adding an insect growth control agent to the organic wastewater before the organic wastewater is fed to the biological treatment device, after the organic wastewater is fed, or both;
A method for treating organic wastewater, including:
[2]
There are times when insect growth regulators are added to organic wastewater and times when insect growth regulators are not added to organic wastewater, and times when insect growth regulators are added to organic wastewater. The method for treating organic wastewater according to [1], wherein the amount of organic wastewater supplied to the biological treatment device per unit time is lower than when the agent is not added.
[3]
While the supply of organic wastewater to the biological treatment device is stopped and the discharge of organic wastewater from the biological treatment device is stopped, the insect growth control agent is added to the organic wastewater in the biological treatment device. The method for treating organic wastewater according to [1].
[4]
The organic wastewater according to [3], wherein the time during which the supply of organic wastewater to the biological treatment device is stopped and the discharge of organic wastewater from the biological treatment device is stopped is 12 hours or more. processing method.
[5]
While the supply of organic wastewater to the biological treatment device is stopped and the discharge of organic wastewater from the biological treatment device is stopped, the biological treatment device disposes organic wastewater in the biological treatment device. The method for treating organic wastewater according to [3] or [4], which performs biological treatment while circulating.
[6]
The treatment of organic wastewater according to any one of [3] to [5], in which the insect growth control agent is not added to the organic wastewater while the organic wastewater is being supplied to the biological treatment device. Method.
[7]
A water tank that stores organic wastewater;
A biofilm for biologically treating organic wastewater;
means for supplying an insect growth control agent to the organic wastewater in the water tank;
A non-aeration biological treatment equipment equipped with
[8]
at least one filter bed tank accommodating the carrier carrying the biofilm and communicating with the atmosphere;
a water sprinkler for spraying organic wastewater in the water receiving tank to the filter bed tank;
The aeration-free biological treatment apparatus according to [7], comprising:
[9]
[7] or [8], wherein the means for supplying the insect growth control agent is a water-permeable container containing the insect growth control agent in the form of a tablet and immersed in organic wastewater in a water receiving tank; The aeration-free biological treatment equipment described in .
[10]
The non-aerated biological treatment apparatus according to [9], wherein the container is hung on the wall on the inlet side of the water tank.

本発明の一実施形態に係る有機性廃水の処理方法及び生物処理装置によれば、有機性廃水に昆虫成長制御剤を添加するという簡便な操作でハエの発生を抑制することが可能である。また、昆虫成長制御剤は空気中ではなく有機性廃水に添加されるため、昆虫成長制御剤が生物処理装置内の廃水全体に所望の濃度で広がり、ハエの幼虫が生息する生物膜にも昆虫成長制御剤を届かせることができる。このため、ハエの幼虫に対する成長抑制効果が高いので、結果としてハエの成虫の発生を抑制する効果も高くなる。 According to the organic wastewater treatment method and biological treatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to suppress the generation of flies by a simple operation of adding an insect growth control agent to organic wastewater. Additionally, because the insect growth regulator is added to the organic wastewater rather than in the air, the insect growth regulator spreads at the desired concentration throughout the wastewater in the biological treatment device, and the biofilm in which fly larvae live also contains insects. Growth regulators can be delivered. For this reason, the effect of suppressing the growth of fly larvae is high, and as a result, the effect of suppressing the development of adult flies is also high.

本発明の第一実施形態に係る生物処理装置の構成例を示す模式図である。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a schematic diagram which shows the example of a structure of the biological treatment apparatus based on 1st embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第二実施形態に係る生物処理装置の構成例を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram showing the example of composition of the biological processing device concerning a second embodiment of the present invention. 昆虫成長制御剤を入れるための通水性の容器の例を示す模式図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a water-permeable container for containing an insect growth control agent. 本発明の第一実施形態及び第二実施形態に係る生物処理装置に利用可能な膜状担体の構成例を説明する概略図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of the structure of a membrane-like carrier that can be used in the biological treatment apparatus according to the first embodiment and the second embodiment of the present invention. 図３に示す膜状担体の一つの模式的な平面図である。4 is a schematic plan view of one of the membrane carriers shown in FIG. 3. FIG. 本発明の一実施形態に係る無曝気方式の生物処理装置を使用したし尿処理システムのフロー図である。FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a human waste treatment system using a non-aeration type biological treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. 実施例１～３、比較例におけるハエの幼虫の発生状況の推移を表すグラフである。1 is a graph showing changes in the development status of fly larvae in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples. 実施例１～３、比較例におけるハエの成虫の発生状況の推移を表すグラフである。1 is a graph showing changes in the occurrence of adult flies in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples.

以下、図面を参照しながら本発明の実施形態を説明する。以下に示す実施形態は、この発明の技術的思想を具体化するための装置や方法を例示するものであって、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で、当業者の通常の知識に基づいて、適宜設計の変更、改良等が加えられることが理解されるべきである。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The embodiments shown below illustrate devices and methods for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and are based on the common knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be understood that design changes, improvements, etc. may be made from time to time.

［１．有機性廃水の処理方法及び生物処理装置の概要］
本発明の一実施形態に係る有機性廃水の処理方法は、
有機性廃水を無曝気方式の生物処理装置に供給する工程と、
供給された有機性廃水を生物処理装置で生物処理する工程と、
有機性廃水が生物処理装置に供給される前、供給された後、又は両者において、有機性廃水に昆虫成長制御剤を添加する工程と、
を含む。 [1. Overview of organic wastewater treatment method and biological treatment equipment]
A method for treating organic wastewater according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
a step of supplying organic wastewater to an aeration-free biological treatment device;
A step of biologically treating the supplied organic wastewater with a biological treatment device;
adding an insect growth control agent to the organic wastewater before the organic wastewater is fed to the biological treatment device, after the organic wastewater is fed, or both;
including.

本実施形態に係る処理方法が対象とする有機性廃水には特に制限はないが、例えば、下水、し尿、工場排水が挙げられる。工場排水としては食品工場排水、化学工場排水、製紙工場排水などが挙げられる。本発明の一実施形態によれば、有機性廃水は、無曝気方式の生物処理装置に供給され、生物処理を受ける。本明細書において、無曝気方式の生物処理装置とは、被処理水である有機性廃水中に圧搾空気を散気管やエアレータ等により微細な気泡として吹き込む操作を行わなくても、空気と接触可能な生物膜を有する方式の生物処理装置を指す。 The organic wastewater targeted by the treatment method according to the present embodiment is not particularly limited, and includes, for example, sewage, human waste, and factory wastewater. Examples of industrial wastewater include food factory wastewater, chemical factory wastewater, and paper factory wastewater. According to one embodiment of the present invention, organic wastewater is fed to an aerated biological treatment device and subjected to biological treatment. In this specification, a non-aeration type biological treatment equipment refers to a biological treatment equipment that can come into contact with air without blowing compressed air into the organic wastewater, which is the water to be treated, as fine bubbles using a diffuser pipe or an aerator. Refers to biological treatment equipment that has a biofilm.

無曝気方式の生物処理装置に発生するハエはチョウバエが大半を占めている。チョウバエは腐敗した水分を栄養素として発生・生息する一方で、チョウバエは呼吸により酸素を体内に供給するため水中では生息ができない。このため、浸漬型の好気性生物処理法（活性汚泥法、接触酸化法等）を採用する生物処理装置には発生することが少ない。散水ろ床装置のように水以外に空気と接触する空間が確保できる無曝気方式の生物処理装置においては多く発生し、卵→幼虫→蛹→成虫→卵のサイクルで成長する。特に幼虫は生物膜の汚泥を餌として食べるため、生物膜中に多く見られる。そのため、本実施形態に係る処理方法は、無曝気方式の生物処理装置を対象とする。 Most of the flies that occur in non-aerated biological treatment equipment are butterfly flies. While butterfly flies generate and live in rotting water as nutrients, butterflies cannot live in water because they supply oxygen to their bodies through breathing. For this reason, it rarely occurs in biological treatment equipment that employs immersion-type aerobic biological treatment methods (activated sludge method, contact oxidation method, etc.). They often occur in non-aerated biological treatment equipment, such as trickling filters, which have a space where they can come in contact with air in addition to water, and grow in a cycle of eggs, larvae, pupae, adults, and eggs. In particular, larvae feed on the sludge of biofilms, so they are often found in biofilms. Therefore, the treatment method according to the present embodiment is aimed at a non-aeration type biological treatment apparatus.

本発明の一実施形態に係る無曝気方式の生物処理装置は、有機性廃水を貯留する受水槽と、有機性廃水を生物処理するための生物膜と、受水槽内の有機性廃水へ昆虫成長制御剤を供給する手段とを備える。無曝気方式の生物処理装置の例としては、限定的ではないが、散水ろ床装置及び回転円板装置が挙げられる。
本発明の一実施形態に係る散水ろ床装置は、生物膜を担持する担体を収容し、大気と連通する少なくとも１つのろ床槽と、受水槽内の有機性廃水をろ床槽に散布するための散水機とを備える。
本発明の一実施形態に係る回転円板装置は、生物膜を担持する少なくとも一枚、好ましくは複数枚の円板であって、水平方向に延びる回転軸を中心に回転することにより、担持された生物膜が受水槽内の有機性廃水への接触と大気への接触を交互に行うことのできる円板を備える。 A non-aeration biological treatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a water tank for storing organic wastewater, a biofilm for biologically treating the organic wastewater, and insect growth in the organic wastewater in the water tank. and means for supplying a control agent. Examples of non-aerated biological treatment devices include, but are not limited to, trickling filter devices and rotating disk devices.
A trickling filter device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes at least one filter bed tank that accommodates a carrier carrying a biofilm and communicates with the atmosphere, and sprays organic wastewater in the water receiving tank to the filter bed tank. Equipped with a water sprinkler.
A rotating disk device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes at least one disk, preferably a plurality of disks, which support a biological film, and the biological film is supported by rotating around a rotation axis extending in the horizontal direction. The biofilm is equipped with a disc that allows the biofilm to alternately contact the organic wastewater in the water tank and the atmosphere.

生物処理は好気的生物処理及び嫌気的生物処理の何れでもよいが、上述したように、ハエの発生は、空気と接触する空間が確保できる無曝気方式の生物処理装置で問題となりやすい。このため、本実施形態に係る処理方法は、有機性廃水を少なくとも部分的に好気的に生物処理する際に特に好適に使用できる。無曝気方式の生物処理装置においては、担体の外側で好気性菌が繁殖し、担体の中の方で嫌気性菌が繁殖できる。このため、生物処理装置中には好気性菌及び嫌気性菌が増殖し、好気的生物処理及び嫌気的生物処理の両方を行うことも可能である。 Biological treatment may be either aerobic biological treatment or anaerobic biological treatment, but as mentioned above, the generation of flies tends to be a problem in non-aerated biological treatment equipment that can secure a space for contact with air. Therefore, the treatment method according to this embodiment can be particularly suitably used when at least partially aerobically biologically treating organic wastewater. In a non-aerated biological treatment device, aerobic bacteria can grow on the outside of the carrier, and anaerobic bacteria can grow inside the carrier. Therefore, aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria proliferate in the biological treatment device, making it possible to perform both aerobic biological treatment and anaerobic biological treatment.

ハエ発生を抑制するための薬剤としては、（１）成虫に効くもの、（２）幼虫に効くもの、（３）両者の効くものに分類される。（１）成虫に効くものは市販されている殺虫剤が多い。（２）幼虫に効くものとして昆虫成長制御剤（Ｉｎｓｅｃｔ Ｇｒｏｗｔｈ Ｒｅｇｕｌａｔｏｒ：ＩＧＲ）がある。昆虫成長制御剤（ＩＧＲ）は、昆虫の変態や脱皮をコントロールしているホルモンのバランスを狂わせることによって、昆虫の脱皮や羽化を阻害し、その結果として死に至らせる効果を示す殺虫剤である。 Drugs for suppressing fly outbreaks are classified into (1) those that are effective against adults, (2) those that are effective against larvae, and (3) those that are effective against both. (1) Many commercially available insecticides are effective against adult insects. (2) There is an insect growth regulator (IGR) that is effective against larvae. Insect growth regulators (IGRs) are insecticides that inhibit the molting and emergence of insects by disrupting the balance of hormones that control insect metamorphosis and molting, resulting in their death.

ハエの幼虫は生物膜の汚泥を餌として繁殖する。このため、幼虫の成長を抑制することができれば、成虫の発生も抑制できる。幼虫の成長を抑制するには昆虫成長制御剤が効果的であり、被処理水である有機性廃水中に添加して生物膜に届ける方法が簡便である。 Fly larvae feed on biofilm sludge and reproduce. Therefore, if the growth of larvae can be suppressed, the generation of adults can also be suppressed. Insect growth regulators are effective in suppressing the growth of larvae, and a simple method is to add them to organic wastewater, which is the water to be treated, and deliver them to the biofilm.

従って、本実施形態に係る処理方法では、有機性廃水が生物処理装置に供給される前、供給された後、又は両者において、有機性廃水に昆虫成長制御剤を添加する工程を実施する。昆虫成長制御剤を添加するという簡便な操作を実施するだけで、昆虫成長制御剤を生物処理装置内の有機性廃水及び生物膜に所望の有効濃度で行き渡らせることが可能であり、ハエの発生を効果的に抑制可能である。有機性廃水に昆虫成長制御剤を添加するという操作は簡便であり、大掛かりな装置の改修も不要である。廃水中に添加された昆虫成長制御剤の有効成分の濃度は、昆虫成長制御剤中の有効成分の種類に応じて有効濃度となるように適宜設定すればよく、特段の制約はない。 Therefore, in the treatment method according to the present embodiment, the step of adding an insect growth control agent to organic wastewater is performed before the organic wastewater is supplied to the biological treatment device, after the organic wastewater is supplied, or both. By simply carrying out the simple operation of adding the insect growth regulator, it is possible to distribute the insect growth regulator to the organic wastewater and biofilm in the biological treatment equipment at the desired effective concentration, thereby preventing the occurrence of flies. can be effectively suppressed. The operation of adding an insect growth control agent to organic wastewater is simple and does not require major equipment modification. The concentration of the active ingredient of the insect growth control agent added to the wastewater may be appropriately set to an effective concentration depending on the type of active ingredient in the insect growth control agent, and there are no particular restrictions.

有機性廃水が生物処理装置に供給される前というのは、典型的には生物処理装置の受水槽に有機性廃水が流入する前を意味する。有機性廃水が生物処理装置に供給された後というのは、典型的には生物処理装置の受水槽に有機性廃水が流入した後を意味する。有機性廃水に昆虫成長制御剤を添加する工程は、有機性廃水が生物処理装置に供給される前及び供給された後のどちらか何れかにおいて行ってもよく、両者において行ってもよい。生物処理装置への有機性廃水の供給が停止したときにも実施できるので、有機性廃水が生物処理装置に供給された後、典型的には受水槽中の有機性廃水に対して昆虫成長制御剤の添加工程を実施することが好ましい。 Before the organic wastewater is supplied to the biological treatment device typically means before the organic wastewater flows into the receiving tank of the biological treatment device. After the organic wastewater is supplied to the biological treatment device typically means after the organic wastewater has flowed into the water receiving tank of the biological treatment device. The step of adding the insect growth control agent to the organic wastewater may be performed either before the organic wastewater is supplied to the biological treatment device, after the organic wastewater is supplied to the biological treatment device, or may be performed both. Insect growth control is typically applied to the organic wastewater in the receiving tank after the organic wastewater is fed to the biological treatment unit, as it can also be carried out when the supply of organic wastewater to the biological treatment unit is stopped. Preferably, a step of adding an agent is performed.

昆虫成長制御剤に使用される有効成分としては、限定的ではないが、例えば、ピリプロキシフェン及びジフルベンズロンが挙げられる。ピリプロキシフェンの場合は、有機性廃水中で２～２０μｇ／Ｌ、好ましくは５～１０μｇ／Ｌのピリプロキシフェン濃度になるように昆虫成長制御剤を添加することで良好な効果が得られる。ジフルベンズロンの場合は、有機性廃水中で０．２～２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ、好ましくは０．７５ｍｇ／Ｌ～１．５ｍｇ／Ｌのジフルベンズロン濃度になるように昆虫成長制御剤を添加することで良好な効果が得られる。 Active ingredients used in insect growth control agents include, but are not limited to, pyriproxyfen and diflubenzuron. In the case of pyriproxyfen, good effects can be obtained by adding the insect growth regulator to the organic wastewater at a pyriproxyfen concentration of 2 to 20 μg/L, preferably 5 to 10 μg/L. In the case of diflubenzuron, it is preferable to add an insect growth regulator to the organic wastewater so that the concentration of diflubenzuron is 0.2 to 2.0 mg/L, preferably 0.75 mg/L to 1.5 mg/L. You can get the following effect.

気温１５℃～３０℃、特に気温２０℃～２５℃の期間にハエの発育は良く、冬期低温（１５℃未満）や夏期高温（３０℃超）では発育は悪くなる。このため、地域にもよるが５月～６月、９月～１１月の時期に、ハエが多く発生する傾向になる。従って、有機性廃水に昆虫成長制御剤を添加する時の有機性廃水の温度が１５℃～３０℃であるとき、好ましくは２０℃～２５℃であるときに、昆虫成長制御剤を有機性廃水に添加することが効果的である。 The growth of flies is good when the temperature is between 15°C and 30°C, especially between 20°C and 25°C, and growth is poor at low temperatures in winter (below 15°C) and high temperatures in summer (over 30°C). For this reason, flies tend to occur in large numbers from May to June and from September to November, depending on the region. Therefore, when the insect growth regulator is added to the organic wastewater, when the temperature of the organic wastewater is 15°C to 30°C, preferably 20°C to 25°C, the insect growth regulator is added to the organic wastewater. It is effective to add it to

昆虫成長制御剤の剤型には特段の制限はなく、液体状でも固体状でもよいが、ハンドリングの観点から、粒剤、水和剤、錠剤（発泡錠剤を含む）等の固体状のものが好ましく、錠剤がより好ましい。固体状の昆虫成長制御剤が有機性廃水中に添加されると、溶解して有効成分を生物処理装置内の廃水中に行き渡らせることができる。表１に市販されている代表的な昆虫成長制御剤の例（薬品－Ａ、薬品－Ｂ、薬品－Ｃ）を示す。昆虫成長制御剤は、水に溶解させて液状にした後、昆虫成長制御剤の貯留槽及び注入ポンプ等を有する薬液添加装置により生物処理装置に供給してもよい。 There are no particular restrictions on the dosage form of the insect growth control agent, and it may be either liquid or solid; however, from the viewpoint of handling, solid forms such as granules, wettable powders, and tablets (including effervescent tablets) are preferred. Preferably, tablets are more preferable. When the solid insect growth control agent is added to the organic wastewater, it can dissolve and distribute the active ingredients throughout the wastewater within the biological treatment device. Table 1 shows examples of typical commercially available insect growth control agents (Drug-A, Drug-B, and Drug-C). The insect growth control agent may be dissolved in water to form a liquid, and then supplied to the biological treatment device using a chemical solution addition device having a storage tank for the insect growth control agent, an injection pump, and the like.

昆虫成長制御剤は、手動で有機性廃水に必要量添加してもよいし、自動投入機を設置し、自動で所定のタイミングに必要量添加してもよい。手動で固体状の昆虫成長制御剤を有機性廃水に添加する方法としては、固体状の昆虫成長制御剤を容器に入れ、当該容器内の昆虫成長制御剤を有機性廃水と接触させる方法が挙げられる。昆虫成長制御剤を入れた容器は、受水槽内の有機性廃水へ昆虫成長制御剤を供給する手段として好適である。容器としては、通水性の容器が好ましく、例えば、メッシュ状などの複数の通水穴を有する容器が挙げられる。通水性の容器の材質には特に制限はないが、金属製、プラスチック製、セラミックス製等を使用可能である。金属製の容器の場合、容器の収容部に金網（メッシュメタル）、パンチングメタル又はエキスパンドメタルを好適に使用可能である。図３には、昆虫成長制御剤を収容するための通水性の容器の例が模式的に示されている。 The insect growth control agent may be added manually to the organic wastewater in the required amount, or an automatic dosing machine may be installed to automatically add the required amount at a predetermined timing. A method for manually adding a solid insect growth control agent to organic wastewater includes placing the solid insect growth control agent in a container and bringing the insect growth control agent in the container into contact with the organic wastewater. It will be done. The container containing the insect growth regulator is suitable as a means for supplying the insect growth regulator to the organic wastewater in the water tank. The container is preferably a water-permeable container, such as a mesh-shaped container having a plurality of water-permeable holes. There are no particular restrictions on the material of the water-permeable container, but metal, plastic, ceramics, etc. can be used. In the case of a metal container, wire mesh (mesh metal), punched metal, or expanded metal can be suitably used for the housing portion of the container. FIG. 3 schematically shows an example of a water-permeable container for accommodating an insect growth control agent.

図３の（Ａ）に示す容器は、蓋無しタイプの容器３１０であり、金網（メッシュメタル）製の収容部３１１と、収容部３１１に連結された吊り下げ部３１２を備える。図３の（Ａ）の容器３１０において、収容部３１１は、昆虫成長制御剤を収容部３１１へ投入するための投入口３１３を有するが、投入口３１３を閉じる蓋はない。 The container shown in FIG. 3A is a lidless type container 310, and includes a housing section 311 made of wire mesh (mesh metal) and a hanging section 312 connected to the housing section 311. In the container 310 of FIG. 3(A), the storage section 311 has an input port 313 for introducing the insect growth control agent into the storage section 311, but there is no lid for closing the input port 313.

図３の（Ｂ）に示す容器は、蓋付きタイプの容器３２０であり、金網（メッシュメタル）製の収容部３２１と、収容部３２１に連結された吊り下げ部３２２と、蓋３２４を備える。図３の（Ｂ）の容器３２０において、収容部３２１は、昆虫成長制御剤を収容部３２１へ投入するための投入口３２３を有し、投入口３２３を閉じる蓋３２４が付いている。投入した昆虫成長制御剤が不用意に容器から漏出しないようにするため、蓋付きタイプの容器３２０の方が好ましい。蓋３２４を収容部３２１に固定する方法には特に制限はないが、ネジ式、クランプ式等が挙げられる。 The container shown in FIG. 3B is a container 320 with a lid, and includes an accommodating section 321 made of wire mesh (mesh metal), a hanging section 322 connected to the accommodating section 321, and a lid 324. In the container 320 of FIG. 3(B), the storage section 321 has an input port 323 for introducing the insect growth control agent into the storage section 321, and is provided with a lid 324 that closes the input port 323. A lidded type container 320 is preferred in order to prevent the introduced insect growth control agent from accidentally leaking out of the container. There are no particular limitations on the method of fixing the lid 324 to the housing portion 321, but examples include a screw type, a clamp type, and the like.

吊り下げ部３１２、３２２は、収容部３１１、３２１を吊り下げ保持する機能を有していれば特に制限はない。例えば、図３の（Ａ）のように棒状等のリジッドな吊り下げ部３１２としてもよいし、図３の（Ｂ）のようにチェーン状等のフレキシブルな吊り下げ部３２２としてもよい。吊り下げ部３１２、３２２は、所定の場所に係止するためのフック部３１５、３２５を有することが便利である。通水性の容器３１０、３２０の設置場所には特に制限はないが、生物処理装置の受水槽の入口側の壁に吊るすことが、昆虫成長制御剤の生物処理装置内での滞留時間を長くする観点で望ましい。そして、通水性の容器３１０、３２０を生物処理装置の受水槽の入口側の壁に吊るす場合は、流入する有機性廃水と共に昆虫成長制御剤が短時間で広がりやすいという観点から、受水槽内の水位の半分よりも高い位置に通水性の容器３１０、３２０を吊るすことが好ましい。 The hanging parts 312 and 322 are not particularly limited as long as they have the function of suspending and holding the accommodating parts 311 and 321. For example, it may be a rigid hanging part 312 such as a rod shape as shown in FIG. 3(A), or it may be a flexible hanging part 322 such as a chain shape as shown in FIG. 3(B). Conveniently, the hanging parts 312, 322 have hook parts 315, 325 for locking in place. There is no particular restriction on the installation location of the water-permeable containers 310 and 320, but hanging them on the wall on the inlet side of the water tank of the biological treatment device increases the residence time of the insect growth control agent in the biological treatment device. Desirable from this point of view. When the water-permeable containers 310 and 320 are hung on the wall on the inlet side of the water tank of the biological treatment device, the insect growth control agent is likely to spread in a short period of time with the inflowing organic wastewater. It is preferable to suspend the water permeable containers 310, 320 at a position higher than half the water level.

昆虫成長制御剤を添加するタイミングは、特段の制約はないが、薬品コストを抑制しつつ、効果的にハエの発生を抑制するという観点では、昆虫成長制御剤の生物処理装置内での滞留時間が長いときに有機性廃水に昆虫成長制御剤を添加することが好ましい。従って、好ましい実施形態においては、有機性廃水に昆虫成長制御剤を添加する時期と、有機性廃水に昆虫成長制御剤を添加しない時期があり、有機性廃水に昆虫成長制御剤を添加する時期は、有機性廃水に昆虫成長制御剤を添加しない時期に比べて、前記生物処理装置に供給される有機性廃水の単位時間当たりの供給量が低い。例えば、生物処理装置に供給される有機性廃水を貯留する原水槽の水位が設定値に比べて低下（例：タンク有効水深の２０％以下）になった場合には、原水ポンプが停止し、原水供給が停止するような制御を行う場合、原水槽への原水の供給が少ないと、原水ポンプの運転も間欠的になりやすく、有機性廃水の単位時間当たりの供給量も低下する。 There are no particular restrictions on the timing of adding the insect growth regulator, but from the perspective of effectively suppressing fly outbreaks while suppressing chemical costs, the residence time of the insect growth regulator in the biological treatment equipment is important. It is preferable to add insect growth control agents to the organic wastewater when the Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, there are times when the insect growth regulator is added to the organic wastewater, times when the insect growth regulator is not added to the organic wastewater, and times when the insect growth regulator is added to the organic wastewater. , the amount of organic wastewater supplied to the biological treatment device per unit time is lower than when the insect growth control agent is not added to the organic wastewater. For example, if the water level of the raw water tank that stores organic wastewater supplied to the biological treatment equipment falls below the set value (e.g., 20% or less of the effective water depth of the tank), the raw water pump will stop, When performing control such that the supply of raw water is stopped, if the supply of raw water to the raw water tank is small, the operation of the raw water pump tends to become intermittent, and the amount of organic wastewater supplied per unit time also decreases.

実際、生物処理装置に供給される有機性廃水の単位時間当たりの供給量は一定ではなく、変動し、更には供給が停止する場合もある。例えば、し尿処理では週末にし尿・浄化槽汚泥の受け入れがなく原水供給が停止する。ある地域では、し尿処理においては平日（月曜日から金曜日）にし尿、浄化槽汚泥の収集があり、除さ・脱水処理後の分離水を分離水槽に貯留する（１～２日）。このため、週末になると分離水が少なくなり、生物処理装置への原水供給は停止する。有機性廃水の単位時間当たりの供給量が低下している間であれば、添加した昆虫成長制御剤が生物処理後の有機性廃水と一緒に生物処理装置から排出される量も低下又は停止するので、生物処理装置内での昆虫成長制御剤の滞留時間が長くなり、廃水中で昆虫成長制御剤の有効成分の濃度を所定の値に維持するために必要な昆虫成長制御剤の添加量を少なくすることができ、昆虫成長制御剤の有効成分を十分な時間作用させることができる。 In fact, the amount of organic wastewater supplied to the biological treatment device per unit time is not constant, but fluctuates, and even the supply may stop. For example, in the case of human waste treatment, raw water supply is interrupted because human waste and septic tank sludge are not received on weekends. In some areas, human waste treatment involves collecting human waste and septic tank sludge on weekdays (Monday to Friday), and storing the separated water after removal and dewatering in a separate water tank (1 to 2 days). For this reason, on weekends, the amount of separated water decreases, and the supply of raw water to the biological treatment equipment stops. While the supply amount of organic wastewater per unit time is decreasing, the amount of the added insect growth control agent discharged from the biological treatment equipment together with the organic wastewater after biological treatment will also decrease or stop. Therefore, the residence time of the insect growth control agent in the biological treatment equipment becomes longer, and the amount of insect growth control agent added is required to maintain the concentration of the active ingredient of the insect growth control agent at a predetermined value in the wastewater. The active ingredient of the insect growth control agent can be allowed to act for a sufficient period of time.

より好ましい実施形態では、生物処理装置への有機性廃水の供給が停止し、且つ、前記生物処理装置からの有機性廃水の排出が停止している間に、昆虫成長制御剤を生物処理装置内の有機性廃水に添加する。通常運転時では、有機性廃水中に添加した昆虫成長制御剤は生物処理後の有機性廃水と一緒に生物処理装置から徐々に越流によって流出するが、生物処理装置への有機性廃水の供給が停止し、且つ、前記生物処理装置からの有機性廃水の排出が停止している間であれば、有機性廃水中に添加した昆虫成長制御剤が生物処理装置から流出しないため、有機性廃水中で昆虫成長制御剤の有効成分の濃度を所定の値に維持するために必要な昆虫成長制御剤の添加量を少なくすることができると共に、添加した昆虫成長制御剤を無駄なく利用することができる。 In a more preferred embodiment, the insect growth control agent is introduced into the biological treatment device while the supply of organic wastewater to the biological treatment device is stopped and the discharge of organic wastewater from said biological treatment device is stopped. of organic wastewater. During normal operation, the insect growth control agent added to organic wastewater gradually flows out of the biological treatment equipment together with the organic wastewater after biological treatment, but the organic wastewater supplied to the biological treatment equipment has stopped, and while the discharge of organic wastewater from the biological treatment equipment has stopped, the insect growth control agent added to the organic wastewater will not flow out of the biological treatment equipment. In order to maintain the concentration of the active ingredient of the insect growth control agent at a predetermined value, the amount of insect growth control agent added can be reduced, and the added insect growth control agent can be used without waste. can.

生物処理装置への有機性廃水の供給が停止し、且つ、前記生物処理装置からの有機性廃水の排出が停止している時間は、長い方が有機性廃水に添加した昆虫成長制御剤によるハエの発生を抑制する効果が高まるので、１２時間以上であることが好ましく、１６時間以上であることがより好ましく、２０時間以上であることが更により好ましい。但し、当該時間は、長すぎると廃水処理が滞るため、４８時間以下であることが好ましく、２４時間以下であることがより好ましい。 The longer the time period during which the supply of organic wastewater to the biological treatment equipment is stopped and the discharge of organic wastewater from the biological treatment equipment is stopped, the longer the insect growth control agent added to the organic wastewater will cause flies to be removed. Since the effect of suppressing the occurrence of is increased, the time is preferably 12 hours or more, more preferably 16 hours or more, and even more preferably 20 hours or more. However, if the time is too long, wastewater treatment will be delayed, so it is preferably 48 hours or less, more preferably 24 hours or less.

昆虫成長制御剤を生物処理装置内の有機性廃水に添加するタイミングは、生物処理装置に有機性廃水を供給する原水ポンプが停止する等によって生物処理装置への有機性廃水の供給が停止し、且つ、前記生物処理装置からの有機性廃水の排出が停止した状態の開始後、１２時間以内であることが好ましく、３時間以内であることがより好ましく、１時間以内であることが更により好ましい。当該停止状態の開始後に昆虫成長制御剤の一回目の添加を行った後、必要に応じ、当該停止状態が続いている間に一度又は複数回にわたって昆虫成長制御剤を追加で添加してもよい。また、当該停止状態の開始後に昆虫成長制御剤の一回目の添加を行った後、原水ポンプが再開すること等によって生物処理装置への有機性廃水の供給が再開するまでの時間は、６時間以上であることが好ましく、１２時間以上であることがより好ましく、２４時間以上であることが更により好ましい。液状の昆虫成長制御剤を使用する場合には、原水ポンプの停止信号を受信してから所定時間（例：６～２４時間）経過後に注入ポンプ等の薬液添加装置が稼働し、所定量の昆虫成長制御剤を自動で添加するように薬液添加装置の設定を行うことができる。 The timing for adding the insect growth control agent to the organic wastewater in the biological treatment equipment is determined when the supply of organic wastewater to the biological treatment equipment stops, such as when the raw water pump that supplies organic wastewater to the biological treatment equipment stops. In addition, it is preferably within 12 hours, more preferably within 3 hours, and even more preferably within 1 hour after the discharge of organic wastewater from the biological treatment equipment starts to stop. . After the first addition of the insect growth regulator after the start of the suspended state, the insect growth regulator may be added once or multiple times while the suspended state continues, if necessary. . In addition, after the first addition of the insect growth control agent after the start of the stoppage, the time required for restarting the supply of organic wastewater to the biological treatment equipment due to restarting the raw water pump, etc. is 6 hours. It is preferably at least 12 hours, more preferably at least 12 hours, and even more preferably at least 24 hours. When using a liquid insect growth control agent, a chemical solution addition device such as an injection pump is activated after a predetermined period of time (e.g. 6 to 24 hours) has passed after receiving a stop signal from the raw water pump, and a predetermined amount of insect growth control agent is activated. The chemical solution addition device can be set to automatically add the growth control agent.

生物処理装置の有機性廃水の供給が停止し、且つ、生物処理装置からの有機性廃水の排出が停止している間、生物処理装置は有機性廃水を生物処理装置内で循環させながら生物処理することが好ましい。有機性廃水を生物処理装置内で循環させている間に昆虫成長制御剤を添加することで、添加した昆虫成長制御剤を生物処理装置内の有機性廃水や生物膜に容易に行き渡らせることが可能であり、生物膜の汚泥を餌として食べるハエの幼虫に対して昆虫成長制御剤を効果的に効かせることができる。“有機性廃水を生物処理装置内で循環させながら”とは、例えば、散水ろ床装置の場合は、有機性廃水が受水槽とろ床槽の間を循環している状態を指し、回転円板装置の場合は、円板を回転させることで受水槽内に循環流が発生している状態を指す。循環は連続的に行ってもよいし、間欠的に行ってもよい。 While the supply of organic wastewater to the biological treatment device is stopped and the discharge of organic wastewater from the biological treatment device is stopped, the biological treatment device continues biological treatment while circulating the organic wastewater within the biological treatment device. It is preferable to do so. By adding an insect growth control agent while the organic wastewater is being circulated within the biological treatment device, the added insect growth control agent can be easily distributed to the organic wastewater and biofilm in the biological treatment device. This is possible, and insect growth regulators can be effectively used against fly larvae that feed on biofilm sludge. “While organic wastewater is being circulated within the biological treatment device”, for example, in the case of a trickling filter device, it refers to a state in which organic wastewater is circulating between the water receiving tank and the filter bed tank, and the rotating disk In the case of a device, it refers to a state in which circulating flow is generated within the water tank by rotating the disc. Circulation may be performed continuously or intermittently.

薬品コストを抑制するという観点から、生物処理装置への有機性廃水の供給が行われている間は、有機性廃水に昆虫成長制御剤を添加しないこととする運用が有利である。この場合でも、昆虫成長制御剤を装置内に行き渡らせるために、例えば、有機性廃水の供給が停止する手前で昆虫成長制御剤の添加を始めたり、一時的に有機性廃水を供給しつつ、昆虫成長制御剤を添加したりしても良い。 From the viewpoint of reducing chemical costs, it is advantageous to not add insect growth regulators to organic wastewater while the organic wastewater is being supplied to the biological treatment equipment. Even in this case, in order to distribute the insect growth control agent within the device, for example, the addition of the insect growth control agent may be started before the supply of organic wastewater is stopped, or while the organic wastewater is temporarily supplied, An insect growth regulator may also be added.

有機性廃水に昆虫成長制御剤を添加する頻度は、特段の制約はないが、少ない方が費用や管理の手間を節約できる一方で、多い方がハエ発生を抑制する効果は高くなる。有機性廃水に昆虫成長制御剤を添加する工程は、１～２回／週の頻度で行うのが費用対効果の観点から好ましい。ここで、原水量が少なくなり原水が停止した時期に、錠剤を添加する場合、昆虫成長制御剤を添加する工程は、原則として１日１回添加することを１回としてカウントする。
原水が原水槽に連続供給され、原水ポンプ稼働に応じて受水槽に原水が流入する場合は原水液量中の昆虫成長制御剤の有効成分濃度が所定濃度になるように原水ポンプ流量、薬液ポンプ流量、薬品タンク内の昆虫成長制御剤の有効成分濃度を調整する。したがって、この場合は投入回数の概念は適用しない。 There are no particular restrictions on the frequency with which insect growth regulators are added to organic wastewater; however, a smaller number can save costs and management effort, while a larger number can be more effective in suppressing fly outbreaks. The step of adding the insect growth control agent to organic wastewater is preferably carried out once or twice a week from the viewpoint of cost effectiveness. Here, when adding tablets at a time when the amount of raw water has decreased and the supply of raw water has stopped, the step of adding the insect growth regulator is generally counted as one addition per day.
When raw water is continuously supplied to the raw water tank and raw water flows into the water receiving tank in response to the operation of the raw water pump, the raw water pump flow rate and the chemical solution pump are adjusted so that the concentration of the active ingredient of the insect growth control agent in the raw water volume reaches the predetermined concentration. Adjust the flow rate and the concentration of the active ingredient of the insect growth control agent in the chemical tank. Therefore, the concept of number of inputs does not apply in this case.

ハエは短期間に大量発生して昼夜を問わず屋内を飛来し、人目に付きやすく不快感・不潔感を与えるので、ハエの成虫を生物処理装置から外に出ないようにすることが重要となる。上述した昆虫成長制御剤を添加することにより、ハエの発生に対して抑制効果が期待できるものの、添加量が不足していたり、添加頻度が少なかったりすると、ハエが発生する場合も考えられる。発生してしまったハエの成虫を外に出さないためには生物処理装置の密閉度を上げることが重要である。例えば、散水ろ床装置の場合、ハエが出入りしないように換気口１１６を金網１１８で覆う対策や、散水機１１０の上部に密閉性のある蓋１１４を設置する対策が考えられる。 Flies spawn in large numbers in a short period of time and fly indoors day and night, making them easy to see and causing discomfort and uncleanness, so it is important to prevent adult flies from leaving the biological treatment equipment. Become. Although the addition of the above-mentioned insect growth regulator can be expected to suppress the generation of flies, if the amount added is insufficient or the frequency of addition is low, flies may occur. It is important to increase the degree of sealing of the biological treatment equipment in order to prevent adult flies from escaping. For example, in the case of a trickling filter device, possible measures include covering the ventilation opening 116 with a wire mesh 118 to prevent flies from entering and exiting, or installing an airtight lid 114 on the top of the sprinkler 110.

［２．生物処理装置の構成例］
図１には、本発明の第一実施形態に係る生物処理装置１００の構成例を示す模式図が示されている。生物処理装置１００は、有機性廃水を貯留する受水槽１０２と、受水槽１０２の上方に配置され、大気と連通する少なくとも１つのろ床槽１０３と、ろ床槽１０３を支持する架台１０６と、ろ床槽１０３内に収容され、有機性廃水を生物処理するための生物膜を担持する担体１０４と、受水槽１０２内の有機性廃水をろ床槽１０３に散布するための散水機１１０と、受水槽１０２内の有機性廃水を散水機１１０に供給するための循環ライン１０８及び循環ライン１０８の途中に設置された循環ポンプ１０５と、昆虫成長制御剤を収容する容器１０９と、を備える散水ろ床装置である。 [2. Configuration example of biological treatment equipment]
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of a biological treatment apparatus 100 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The biological treatment device 100 includes a water tank 102 that stores organic wastewater, at least one filter bed tank 103 that is placed above the water tank 102 and communicates with the atmosphere, and a pedestal 106 that supports the filter bed tank 103. A carrier 104 that is accommodated in the filter bed tank 103 and carries a biofilm for biologically treating organic wastewater; a water sprinkler 110 that sprays the organic wastewater in the water receiving tank 102 to the filter bed tank 103; A watering filter comprising a circulation line 108 for supplying organic wastewater in a water receiving tank 102 to a sprinkler 110, a circulation pump 105 installed in the middle of the circulation line 108, and a container 109 containing an insect growth control agent. It is a floor device.

受水槽１０２の上流には、原水ライン２１６から流入する原水を貯留する原水槽２０６が設けられており原水槽２０６に貯留されている原水は、原水ポンプ２０２により、流入ライン２０４を通って受水槽１０２に供給される。原水としては、例えば、ＢＯＤ成分を多く含む有機性廃水（し尿、下水、食品工場排水等）が挙げられる。 A raw water tank 206 is provided upstream of the water tank 102 to store the raw water flowing in from the raw water line 216.The raw water stored in the raw water tank 206 is pumped by the raw water pump 202 through the inflow line 204 to the water tank. 102. Examples of raw water include organic wastewater (human waste, sewage, food factory wastewater, etc.) containing a large amount of BOD components.

受水槽１０２に流入した原水は、ろ床槽１０３からの処理水と混合される。受水槽１０２内の混合液は循環ポンプ１０５により循環ライン１０８を通ってろ床槽１０３の上部に移送される。その後、混合液は、散水機１１０より、生物膜を担持する担体１０４に散水される。担体表面で増殖した微生物により形成される生物膜によって、混合液中のＢＯＤ成分等の有機物は分解除去された後、再び受水槽１０２に戻る。 The raw water flowing into the water receiving tank 102 is mixed with treated water from the filter bed tank 103. The mixed liquid in the water receiving tank 102 is transferred to the upper part of the filter bed tank 103 through a circulation line 108 by a circulation pump 105. Thereafter, the mixed liquid is sprinkled from the water sprinkler 110 onto the carrier 104 supporting the biofilm. Organic substances such as BOD components in the mixed liquid are decomposed and removed by a biofilm formed by microorganisms grown on the surface of the carrier, and then returned to the water receiving tank 102 again.

第一実施形態においては、昆虫成長制御剤を供給する手段として、昆虫成長制御剤を収容した容器１０９が使用される。容器１０９としては、例えば、金網籠のような通水性の容器が好ましい。容器１０９は、収容部１０９ａと、収容部１０９ａに連結された吊り下げ部１０９ｈを備える。受水槽１０２の入口側の壁１０２ｗには、フック１１２が設置されており、容器１０９は、吊り下げ部１０９ｈがフック１１２に係合することにより、受水槽１０２の入口側の壁１０２ｗに吊るされる。容器１０９は、錠剤等の固体状の昆虫成長制御剤を収容部１０９ａに所定量収容した状態で、受水槽１０２内の混合液（有機性廃水）中に浸漬させる。通水性の容器内の昆虫成長制御剤は、溶解して受水槽１０２内に広がると共に、循環ライン１０８を通って、担体１０４に担持されている生物膜にも到達する。この結果、昆虫成長制御剤は生物膜に生息するハエの幼虫に届くので、ハエの幼虫の成長が効果的に抑制され、ハエの成虫の発生が抑制される。 In the first embodiment, a container 109 containing an insect growth control agent is used as a means for supplying the insect growth control agent. As the container 109, for example, a water-permeable container such as a wire mesh basket is preferable. The container 109 includes a housing part 109a and a hanging part 109h connected to the housing part 109a. A hook 112 is installed on the wall 102w on the entrance side of the water tank 102, and the container 109 is hung on the wall 102w on the entrance side of the water tank 102 when the hanging part 109h engages with the hook 112. . The container 109 is immersed in the liquid mixture (organic wastewater) in the water receiving tank 102 with a predetermined amount of a solid insect growth control agent such as a tablet stored in the storage section 109a. The insect growth control agent in the water-permeable container dissolves and spreads in the water receiving tank 102, and also reaches the biofilm supported on the carrier 104 through the circulation line 108. As a result, the insect growth regulator reaches the fly larvae living in the biofilm, thereby effectively suppressing the growth of the fly larvae and suppressing the development of adult flies.

散水機１１０は、ろ床槽１０３内の担体１０４に均一に混合液を散水することが好ましい。散水機１１０としては、特に制限はないが、例えば、多孔板、スプリンクラー型、スパイラル型のノズル、自走式の回転散水機等の任意の散水機を用いることができる。 It is preferable that the water sprinkler 110 uniformly sprinkle the mixed liquid onto the carrier 104 in the filter bed tank 103. The sprinkler 110 is not particularly limited, but any sprinkler such as a perforated plate, a sprinkler type, a spiral type nozzle, a self-propelled rotary sprinkler, etc. can be used, for example.

受水槽１０２の下流には、処理水を貯留する処理水槽２０８が設けられており、生物処理装置１００から越流する処理水は、流出ライン２０７を通って処理水槽２０８に供給される。処理水槽２０８内の処理水は、その後、放流される（主に下水道放流のケースが多い）。 A treated water tank 208 for storing treated water is provided downstream of the water receiving tank 102, and treated water overflowing from the biological treatment device 100 is supplied to the treated water tank 208 through an outflow line 207. The treated water in the treated water tank 208 is then discharged (mainly in many cases discharged to a sewer).

図２には、本発明の第二実施形態に係る生物処理装置２００の構成例を示す模式図が示されている。生物処理装置２００は、有機性廃水を貯留する受水槽１０２と、受水槽１０２の上方に配置され、大気と連通する少なくとも１つのろ床槽１０３と、ろ床槽１０３を支持する架台１０６と、ろ床槽１０３内に収容され、有機性廃水を生物処理するための生物膜を担持する担体１０４と、受水槽１０２内の有機性廃水をろ床槽１０３に散布するための散水機１１０と、受水槽１０２内の有機性廃水を散水機１１０に供給するための循環ライン１０８及び循環ライン１０８の途中に設置された循環ポンプ１０５と、昆虫成長制御剤を収容する薬液貯留槽２１０と、薬液貯留槽２１０内の昆虫成長制御剤を原水ライン２１６に送るための薬液注入ポンプ２１４と、を備える散水ろ床装置である。 FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of a biological treatment apparatus 200 according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The biological treatment device 200 includes a water tank 102 that stores organic wastewater, at least one filter bed tank 103 that is placed above the water tank 102 and communicates with the atmosphere, and a pedestal 106 that supports the filter bed tank 103. A carrier 104 that is accommodated in the filter bed tank 103 and carries a biofilm for biologically treating organic wastewater; a water sprinkler 110 that sprays the organic wastewater in the water receiving tank 102 to the filter bed tank 103; A circulation line 108 for supplying organic wastewater in the water receiving tank 102 to the sprinkler 110, a circulation pump 105 installed in the middle of the circulation line 108, a chemical storage tank 210 containing an insect growth control agent, and a chemical storage tank. This trickling filter device includes a chemical injection pump 214 for sending the insect growth control agent in the tank 210 to the raw water line 216.

第二実施形態に係る生物処理装置２００が第一実施形態に係る生物処理装置１００と異なる点は、昆虫成長制御剤の添加手段のみである。第二実施形態に係る生物処理装置２００のその他の構成要素は第一実施形態に係る生物処理装置１００と同一である。そのため、第一実施形態に係る生物処理装置１００と同一の符号で示されている構成要素についての説明を省略する。 The biological treatment device 200 according to the second embodiment differs from the biological treatment device 100 according to the first embodiment only in the means for adding an insect growth control agent. Other components of the biological treatment apparatus 200 according to the second embodiment are the same as those of the biological treatment apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment. Therefore, descriptions of components indicated by the same reference numerals as those of the biological treatment apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment will be omitted.

第二実施形態においては、昆虫成長制御剤を供給する手段として、薬液注入ポンプ２１４が使用される。薬液貯留槽２１０に収容された液体状の昆虫成長制御剤は、薬液注入ポンプ２１４が稼働することで薬液注入ライン２１２を通って、原水ライン２１６に供給される。薬液注入ポンプ２１４は、定量ポンプを利用する等により、所定量の昆虫成長制御剤を所定のタイミングで自動的に添加するように構成してもよい。昆虫成長制御剤の供給先は、原水ライン２１６に限られるものではなく、流入ライン２０４でもよいし、受水槽１０２内の混合液（有機性廃水）に直接供給してもよい。原水ポンプ２０２が停止している状態において昆虫成長制御剤を供給できるようにするという観点からは、受水槽１０２内の混合液（有機性廃水）に直接供給することが好ましい。 In the second embodiment, a chemical liquid injection pump 214 is used as a means for supplying the insect growth control agent. The liquid insect growth control agent contained in the chemical liquid storage tank 210 is supplied to the raw water line 216 through the chemical liquid injection line 212 when the chemical liquid injection pump 214 is operated. The drug solution injection pump 214 may be configured to automatically add a predetermined amount of the insect growth control agent at a predetermined timing by using a metering pump or the like. The insect growth control agent is not limited to the raw water line 216, but may be supplied to the inflow line 204, or directly to the mixed liquid (organic wastewater) in the water receiving tank 102. From the viewpoint of being able to supply the insect growth control agent while the raw water pump 202 is stopped, it is preferable to supply it directly to the mixed liquid (organic wastewater) in the water receiving tank 102.

第一実施形態及び第二実施形態において使用する散水ろ床装置は、散水ろ床法を利用して有機性廃水を処理する装置である。散水ろ床法は、好気性生物処理法の一つであり、担体の表面に付着した微生物の作用によって、散布される被処理水中の有機物を分解することにより、生物処理水を得る方法である。散水ろ床法は、一般的に、生物膜の表面が好気的、生物膜の内部が嫌気的になることが知られている。このため、硝化が進行可能な低ＢＯＤ負荷で散水ろ床の運転を実施すると、生物膜の表面では硝化反応が進行し、生物膜の内部では脱窒反応が進行するという特徴があり、窒素除去効率の面で優れている。散水ろ床法は、ＢＯＤ容積負荷１ｋｇ－ＢＯＤ／ｍ3／ｄ以上でも安定して運転することが可能であり、敷地面積が限られる場合に特に有効である。 The trickling filter device used in the first embodiment and the second embodiment is a device that processes organic wastewater using a trickling filter method. The trickling filter method is one of the aerobic biological treatment methods, and is a method of obtaining biologically treated water by decomposing organic matter in the water to be treated that is sprayed through the action of microorganisms attached to the surface of the carrier. . In the trickling filter method, it is generally known that the surface of the biofilm becomes aerobic and the inside of the biofilm becomes anaerobic. Therefore, when a trickling filter is operated at a low BOD load that allows nitrification to proceed, the nitrification reaction progresses on the surface of the biofilm, and the denitrification reaction progresses inside the biofilm. Excellent in terms of efficiency. The trickling filter method is capable of stable operation even at a BOD volumetric load of 1 kg-BOD/m 3 /d or more, and is particularly effective when the site area is limited.

散水ろ床法に用いられる担体の具体的構成に特に制限はない。担体の素材は、微生物が付着すればどのような素材でも良く、代表的なものとしては、プラスチック、砕石等が用いられる。担体の形状は、膜状、プレート状、球状、円柱状、直方体、中空状など何れの形状でもよい。また、ろ床槽の容量に対する担体の充填率としては、４０～８０％、望ましくは５０～７０％が好ましい。膜状担体の場合は、ろ床槽の容量に対する膜の容量（膜の容量は膜の外形寸法に基づき計算される。）は、０．０５～０．１５ｍ3／ｍ3となるように充填することが好ましい。 There are no particular limitations on the specific structure of the carrier used in the trickling filter method. The material of the carrier may be any material as long as microorganisms can adhere to it, and typical examples include plastic and crushed stone. The shape of the carrier may be any shape such as a membrane, a plate, a sphere, a cylinder, a rectangular parallelepiped, or a hollow shape. The filling rate of the carrier relative to the capacity of the filter bed tank is preferably 40 to 80%, preferably 50 to 70%. In the case of a membrane carrier, the capacity of the membrane relative to the capacity of the filter bed tank (the capacity of the membrane is calculated based on the external dimensions of the membrane) should be filled so that it is 0.05 to 0.15 m 3 /m 3 It is preferable to do so.

より効率良く且つ安定的に生物処理を行うためには、ろ床槽に供給される被処理水（有機性廃水）とろ床槽内の酸素とが膜面を挟んで対向して浸透する構造を有する、例えば図４、図５に示すような、膜状担体２０がろ床槽内に配置されることが好ましい。 In order to carry out biological treatment more efficiently and stably, it is preferable to place a membrane carrier 20 in the filter bed tank, as shown in Figures 4 and 5, for example, which has a structure in which the water to be treated (organic wastewater) supplied to the filter bed tank and the oxygen in the filter bed tank permeate opposite each other across the membrane surface.

図４及び図５に示すように、膜状担体２０は、支持体２１と支持体２１に支持される膜２２を備え、膜２２が支持体２１を覆うループ形状を有しており、非処理水がループ形状の膜２２の外面から浸透し、酸素がループ形状の膜２２の内面に形成された空間２３から膜２２の外面へ浸透するように構成されている。膜２２は支持体２１の外側で湾曲する湾曲部２２ａと、湾曲部２２ａの両端から互いに略平行に延伸する延伸部２２ｂ、２２ｃとを備え、膜２２の下端側、即ち、膜２２を収容するろ床槽の底面と対向する側に、膜２２の内面に堆積してその後剥離する汚泥（不図示）を空間２３の外へ排出するための開口部２２ｄが形成されている。 As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the membranous carrier 20 includes a support 21 and a membrane 22 supported by the support 21, and has a loop shape in which the membrane 22 covers the support 21. The structure is such that water permeates from the outer surface of the loop-shaped membrane 22, and oxygen permeates from the space 23 formed on the inner surface of the loop-shaped membrane 22 to the outer surface of the membrane 22. The membrane 22 includes a curved portion 22a that curves on the outside of the support 21, and extending portions 22b and 22c that extend substantially parallel to each other from both ends of the curved portion 22a, and accommodate the lower end side of the membrane 22, that is, the membrane 22. An opening 22d is formed on the side facing the bottom of the filter bed tank for discharging sludge (not shown) that is deposited on the inner surface of the membrane 22 and then peeled off to the outside of the space 23.

膜状担体は、被処理水の供給側はＢＯＤが豊富で酸素が乏しいエリアとなる一方で、酸素供給側はＢＯＤが乏しく酸素が豊富なエリアとなる。そのため、被処理水の供給側に脱窒反応の進行に適した条件を作り出しながら、酸素供給側に硝化反応に適した条件を作り出すことができるため、種々の担体の中でも特に優れた窒素除去性能を発揮する点においてより好適である。 The membrane carrier has an area rich in BOD and poor in oxygen on the supply side of the water to be treated, while an area on the oxygen supply side is poor in BOD and rich in oxygen. Therefore, it is possible to create conditions suitable for the denitrification reaction to proceed on the supply side of the water to be treated, and conditions suitable for the nitrification reaction on the oxygen supply side, resulting in particularly excellent nitrogen removal performance among various carriers. It is more suitable in that it exhibits the following.

これに対して、通常の粒状担体の場合、ＢＯＤ、窒素、及び酸素が同じ方向から担体表面の生物膜に供給されるため、１．０～１．５ｋｇ－ＢＯＤ／ｍ3／ｄの負荷では酸素はＢＯＤの酸化で消費し切ってしまい、硝化－脱窒反応が進みにくくなる場合もある。加えて、膜状担体は、他の形状の担体を使用する処理方式と比較して、１．５ｋｇ－ＢＯＤ／ｍ3／ｄ以上の高負荷条件でも閉塞せず安定して運転できるという利点を有している。これは、膜状担体では各担体が鉛直方向に延伸しており、担体から剥離した生物膜は担体間で閉塞することなく槽外に排出されるためである。 On the other hand, in the case of normal granular carriers, BOD, nitrogen, and oxygen are supplied to the biofilm on the carrier surface from the same direction, so a load of 1.0 to 1.5 kg-BOD/m 3 /d Oxygen may be completely consumed by oxidation of BOD, making it difficult for the nitrification-denitrification reaction to proceed. In addition, compared to treatment methods using carriers of other shapes, membrane carriers have the advantage of being able to operate stably without clogging even under high load conditions of 1.5 kg-BOD/m 3 /d or more. have. This is because in the case of a membrane-like carrier, each carrier extends in the vertical direction, and the biofilm peeled off from the carrier is discharged to the outside of the tank without being blocked between the carriers.

上記の実施形態においては、散水ろ床装置を使用したが、無曝気方式の生物処理装置としては回転円板装置も挙げられる。回転円板装置は、回転円板法を利用して有機性廃水を処理する装置である。回転円板法は、回転する円板の一部を被処理水と大気に交互に触れさせることによって、円板の表面に生物膜を形成させ、被処理水中の有機分を分解させて生物処理水を得る方法である。曝気、エアレーションを行なわないため、風量調整が必要なブロワの設置が不要で、活性汚泥法等のように返送汚泥を供給する必要も無いため、より簡易な設備を供給できる点で有利である。回転円板法のＢＯＤ負荷としては、０．１～１．５ｋｇ－ＢＯＤ／ｍ3／ｄが好ましく、過剰な負荷をかけると、円板に過剰に微生物が付着し、回転軸が破損するという問題が発生する場合がある。 In the above embodiment, a trickling filter device was used, but a rotating disk device can also be mentioned as a non-aerated biological treatment device. A rotating disk device is a device that uses a rotating disk method to treat organic wastewater. In the rotating disk method, a part of a rotating disk is exposed to the water to be treated and the atmosphere alternately, forming a biofilm on the surface of the disk, decomposing organic components in the water to be treated, and performing biological treatment. It's a way to get water. Since no aeration or aeration is performed, there is no need to install a blower that requires air volume adjustment, and there is no need to supply return sludge as in the activated sludge method, which is advantageous in that simpler equipment can be supplied. The preferred BOD load for the rotating disk method is 0.1 to 1.5 kg-BOD/m 3 /d; if an excessive load is applied, excessive microorganisms will adhere to the disk and the rotating shaft will be damaged. Problems may occur.

円板の材質及び具体的形状に特に制限は無く、任意の装置を用いることができる。例えば、円板の材質としては発泡スチロール、プラスチック、塩化ビニル、耐水ベニヤ、アルミニウム等の金属板が利用でき、直径１～３ｍ、厚さ０．７～２０ｍｍの円板状にして使用することができる。 There are no particular restrictions on the material and specific shape of the disk, and any device can be used. For example, the material of the disk can be styrofoam, plastic, vinyl chloride, water-resistant veneer, metal plate such as aluminum, and it can be used in the form of a disk with a diameter of 1 to 3 m and a thickness of 0.7 to 20 mm. .

［３．し尿処理システム］
有機性廃水処理においては廃水の排出量や原水槽の大きさにより、原水が連続的に供給される場合（下水処理等）や間欠に供給される場合（し尿処理、工場排水処理等）がある。図６には、下水道放流を前提としたし尿処理の簡易処理を例に取り、本発明の一実施形態に係る無曝気方式の生物処理装置を使用したし尿処理システムのフロー図が記載されている。尿処理システム３０は、固液分離装置３１、無曝気方式の生物処理装置３２、及び希釈槽３３を備える。尿処理システム３０においては、被処理水を固液分離装置３１で固液分離して分離汚泥と分離液とに分離し、分離液の少なくとも一部を無曝気方式の生物処理装置３２に送って生物処理を行う。得られた生物処理水は、希釈槽３３に送られ、下水排除基準を満たすように希釈水によって希釈された後、放流される。 [3. Human waste processing system]
In organic wastewater treatment, raw water may be supplied continuously (sewage treatment, etc.) or intermittently (human waste treatment, factory wastewater treatment, etc.) depending on the amount of wastewater discharged and the size of the raw water tank. . FIG. 6 shows a flow diagram of a human waste treatment system using a non-aeration type biological treatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention, taking as an example a simple process of human waste treatment assuming discharge into a sewer system. . The urine treatment system 30 includes a solid-liquid separator 31, a non-aerated biological treatment device 32, and a dilution tank 33. In the urine treatment system 30, the water to be treated is separated into solid and liquid by a solid-liquid separator 31 into separated sludge and separated liquid, and at least a part of the separated liquid is sent to a non-aeration type biological treatment apparatus 32. Perform biological treatment. The obtained biologically treated water is sent to the dilution tank 33, diluted with dilution water so as to meet sewage exclusion standards, and then discharged.

（被処理水）
処理対象となる被処理水としては、浄化槽汚泥及びし尿系汚泥の少なくとも何れかを含むものであれば特に限定されない。 (Water to be treated)
The water to be treated is not particularly limited as long as it contains at least one of septic tank sludge and human waste sludge.

（固液分離装置）
し尿系汚泥と浄化槽汚泥の混合液を被処理水として利用する場合の固液分離については、し尿系汚泥と浄化槽汚泥に対してそれぞれ別々に固液分離を行うことが好ましい。固液分離処理には、種々の固液分離装置を用いることができるが、例えば、脱水機を用いて分離汚泥と分離液とに固液分離することが設備及び運用コスト面から好ましい。更に、固液分離前の被処理水に対して濃縮処理を行うことがより好ましい。濃縮方式としては、重力濃縮、機械濃縮の何れも有効な濃縮方式である。 (Solid-liquid separator)
Regarding solid-liquid separation when a mixed liquid of human waste sludge and septic tank sludge is used as water to be treated, it is preferable to separately perform solid-liquid separation for human waste sludge and septic tank sludge. Although various solid-liquid separation devices can be used for the solid-liquid separation treatment, for example, it is preferable to perform solid-liquid separation into separated sludge and separated liquid using a dehydrator in terms of equipment and operating costs. Furthermore, it is more preferable to perform concentration treatment on the water to be treated before solid-liquid separation. As a concentration method, both gravity concentration and mechanical concentration are effective concentration methods.

固液分離処理前に高分子凝集剤を添加した濃縮処理を行うことにより、濃縮汚泥の汚泥濃度（ＴＳ）を最大１０～１２質量％程度にまで濃縮することができる。高濃度に濃縮された濃縮汚泥に対して更に脱水機を用いて脱水処理を行えば、含水率７０％以下の低含水率の脱水汚泥（分離汚泥）が得られるため、より顕著な汚泥減容効果が得られる。この低含水率の脱水汚泥のカロリーは高いため、焼却処理において補助燃料無しでの自燃が可能であり、省エネ、低コストとなる。 By performing the concentration treatment with the addition of a polymer flocculant before the solid-liquid separation treatment, the sludge concentration (TS) of the thickened sludge can be concentrated to a maximum of about 10 to 12% by mass. If the highly concentrated thickened sludge is further dehydrated using a dehydrator, dehydrated sludge (separated sludge) with a low water content of 70% or less can be obtained, resulting in a more significant sludge volume reduction. Effects can be obtained. Since this dehydrated sludge with a low moisture content has a high calorie, it can self-combust without the need for auxiliary fuel during incineration treatment, resulting in energy savings and low costs.

（無曝気方式の生物処理装置）
生物膜法を用いた生物処理法は、大きく分けて担体の定期的な洗浄工程を必要とするものと、生物膜量が処理の中で自律的にコントロールされるものとに分けることができる。前者には、生物膜ろ過法等が該当する。後者には、散水ろ床法、流動担体法、回転円板法、固定床法（接触酸化法）が該当する。上述したように、ハエの発生は散水ろ床法及び回転円板法といった無曝気方式の生物処理法において顕著に見られる。従って、上述した実施形態に係る有機性廃水の処理方法におけるハエ発生対策は、無曝気方式の生物処理装置を使用する場合に特に効果を発揮する。 (Non-aeration biological treatment equipment)
Biological treatment methods using the biofilm method can be broadly divided into those that require periodic cleaning steps of the carrier and those in which the amount of biofilm is autonomously controlled during the treatment. The former includes biofilm filtration methods and the like. The latter includes the trickling filter method, fluidized carrier method, rotating disk method, and fixed bed method (catalytic oxidation method). As mentioned above, the occurrence of flies is noticeable in non-aerated biological treatment methods such as the trickling filter method and the rotating disk method. Therefore, the measures against fly generation in the organic wastewater treatment method according to the embodiment described above are particularly effective when using a non-aeration type biological treatment apparatus.

以下に本発明の実施例を比較例と共に示すが、これらの実施例は本発明及びその利点をよりよく理解するために提供するものであり、発明が限定されることを意図するものではない。 Examples of the present invention will be shown below along with comparative examples, but these examples are provided to better understand the present invention and its advantages, and are not intended to limit the invention.

原水（有機性廃水）として、し尿処理施設の脱水分離液を使用した。表２に実験期間中の代表的な脱水分離液の性状を示す。ｐＨ、ＢＯＤ、ＳＳ、ＮＨ４－Ｎ、及びＰＯ４－ＰはすべてＪＩＳ Ｋ０１０２：２０１９に準拠して測定した。 Dehydrated liquid from a human waste treatment facility was used as raw water (organic wastewater). Table 2 shows the properties of typical dehydrated liquid during the experiment period. pH, BOD, SS, NH4-N, and PO4-P were all measured in accordance with JIS K0102:2019.

［実施例１（週末１回薬剤添加）及び実施例２（週末２回薬剤添加）］
上記の原水を図１に示す装置構成の散水ろ床装置にて生物処理した。散水機１１０としては自走式の回転散水機を使用した。ろ床槽１０３の１台の外径寸法は１．０ｍＷ×１．０ｍＤ×２．５ｍＨとし、有効容積２ｍ3のものを２台受水槽１０２の上に並列に設置した。受水槽１０２の有効容量は約２ｍ3であった。担体１０４としては図４及び図５に示す布製の膜状担体を設置した。ろ床槽１０３の容量に対する膜の容量は０．０６ｍ3／ｍ3であった。 [Example 1 (drug addition once on the weekend) and Example 2 (drug addition twice on the weekend)]
The above raw water was subjected to biological treatment using a trickling filter device having the device configuration shown in FIG. As the sprinkler 110, a self-propelled rotary sprinkler was used. Two filter bed tanks 103 each having an outer diameter of 1.0 mW x 1.0 mD x 2.5 mH and an effective volume of 2 m 3 were installed above the water receiving tank 102 in parallel. The effective capacity of the water tank 102 was approximately 2 m 3 . As the carrier 104, a cloth membrane carrier shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 was installed. The capacity of the membrane relative to the capacity of the filter bed tank 103 was 0.06 m 3 /m 3 .

昆虫成長制御剤としては、表１の薬品－Ｂ（ピリプロキシフェンの発泡錠剤）を使用した。実施例１では金曜日の夕方（原水の供給有り）又は土曜日の夕方（原水の供給有り）に薬品－Ｂを２錠（金曜日）又は１錠（土曜日）、受水槽１０２の入口側の壁１０２ｗに吊るされているステンレス製の金網籠に投入した。実施例２では、更に月曜日の朝（原水の供給が再開する１２～２４時間前）に薬品－Ｂを１錠、同じステンレス製の金網籠に投入した。受水槽１０２における有機性廃水の水量に基づいて計算した場合、１錠の錠剤が溶解すると、有機性廃水中のピリプロキシフェン濃度は約６μｇ／Ｌとなる。散水ろ床装置への原水の供給が停止中は、散水ろ床装置からの有機性廃水の排出も停止し、散水ろ床装置は１台当たりのろ床槽１０３に対し５～７ｍ3／ｈの平均流量で散水されるように循環運転を行った。実施例１及び２の試験条件を表３にまとめた。 As the insect growth regulator, Drug-B (pyriproxyfen effervescent tablet) shown in Table 1 was used. In Example 1, on Friday evening (with raw water supplied) or Saturday evening (with raw water supplied), two tablets (Friday) or one tablet (Saturday) of Chemical-B were placed on the wall 102w on the inlet side of the water tank 102. They were placed in a hanging stainless steel wire cage. In Example 2, on Monday morning (12 to 24 hours before raw water supply resumed), one tablet of Chemical-B was added to the same stainless steel wire mesh basket. When calculated based on the amount of organic wastewater in the water receiving tank 102, when one tablet is dissolved, the concentration of pyriproxyfen in the organic wastewater is approximately 6 μg/L. While the supply of raw water to the trickling filter device is stopped, the discharge of organic wastewater from the trickling filter device is also stopped, and the trickling filter device has a flow rate of 5 to 7 m 3 /h for each filter tank 103. Circulation operation was performed so that water was sprinkled at an average flow rate of . The test conditions of Examples 1 and 2 are summarized in Table 3.

［実施例３（平日連続薬剤添加）］
上記の原水を図２に示す装置構成の散水ろ床装置にて生物処理した。実施例３の散水ろ床装置の装置構成は、昆虫成長制御剤の添加手段以外は、実施例１及び実施例２と同じである。実施例３では、薬液貯留槽２１０に薬品－Ｂを水で溶解した薬液が収容されており、原水供給が停止する週末を除き、原水槽２０６における原水の水量に対してピリプロキシフェン濃度が６μｇ／Ｌになるように、薬液注入ポンプ２１４を用いて薬液を原水ライン２１６に連続的に供給した。散水ろ床装置への原水の供給が停止中は、薬液の供給の他、散水ろ床装置からの有機性廃水の排出も停止し、散水ろ床装置は１台当たりのろ床槽１０３に対し５～７ｍ3／ｈの平均流量で散水されるように循環運転を行った。実施例３の試験条件を表３にまとめた。 [Example 3 (continuous drug addition on weekdays)]
The above raw water was subjected to biological treatment using a trickling filter device having the device configuration shown in FIG. The configuration of the trickling filter device of Example 3 is the same as that of Examples 1 and 2, except for the means for adding the insect growth control agent. In Example 3, a chemical solution in which drug-B is dissolved in water is stored in the chemical solution storage tank 210, and the concentration of pyriproxyfen is 6 μg with respect to the amount of raw water in the raw water tank 206, except on weekends when the raw water supply is stopped. /L, the chemical liquid was continuously supplied to the raw water line 216 using the chemical liquid injection pump 214. While the supply of raw water to the trickling filter device is stopped, in addition to the supply of chemical solutions, the discharge of organic wastewater from the trickling filter device is also stopped, and the trickling filter device is Circulation operation was performed so that water was sprinkled at an average flow rate of 5 to 7 m 3 /h. The test conditions of Example 3 are summarized in Table 3.

［比較例（薬剤添加なし）］
上記の原水を図１に示す装置構成の散水ろ床装置（但し、昆虫成長制御剤の添加はなし）にて生物処理した。比較例の散水ろ床装置の装置構成及び稼働条件は、昆虫成長制御剤の添加を行わないこと以外は、実施例１及び実施例２と同じである。比較例の試験条件を表３にまとめた。 [Comparative example (no drug added)]
The above-mentioned raw water was subjected to biological treatment using a trickling filter device configured as shown in FIG. 1 (however, no insect growth controlling agent was added). The device configuration and operating conditions of the trickling filter device of the comparative example are the same as those of Examples 1 and 2, except that no insect growth controlling agent is added. The test conditions of the comparative example are summarized in Table 3.

［ハエ発生状況の評価］
上記の実施例１～３、比較例の実験中、受水槽１０２内の有機性廃水の温度は１５～２５℃程度であった。実験は９月から１１月まで継続的に行い、定期的にハエの幼虫及び成虫の発生数を目視で確認して記録した。図７にハエ幼虫の発生状況の変化を示す。また、図８にハエ成虫の発生状況の変化を示す。ハエの幼虫及び成虫の発生状況は確認された個体数に応じて表４に示す４段階の発生強度に分けた。表５に結果をまとめた。 [Evaluation of fly occurrence situation]
During the experiments of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example described above, the temperature of the organic wastewater in the water receiving tank 102 was about 15 to 25°C. The experiment was conducted continuously from September to November, and the number of fly larvae and adult flies was visually confirmed and recorded at regular intervals. Figure 7 shows changes in the development status of fly larvae. Furthermore, Fig. 8 shows changes in the occurrence of adult flies. The occurrence status of fly larvae and adult flies was divided into four levels of infestation intensity shown in Table 4 according to the number of confirmed individuals. Table 5 summarizes the results.

比較例は薬剤（昆虫成長制御剤）を添加しなかったため、９月の中旬以降ハエの幼虫が受水槽壁面、ろ床上部に発生し、その後、急激に増加した。ハエの成虫も幼虫の増加に追従して増加した。
実施例３は薬剤を平日に連続注入したことで、全期間を通じてハエの幼虫、成虫の発生はなかった。
実施例１は薬剤を週末１回添加した。９月後半から１０月にかけてハエの幼虫が少し発生したが、ハエの成虫は見られなかった。これは薬剤の効果により幼虫から成虫への羽化が抑制されたためである。
実施例２は薬剤を週末２回添加したもので、全期間を通じてハエの幼虫、成虫の発生はなかった。 In the comparative example, since no chemical agent (insect growth control agent) was added, fly larvae appeared on the walls of the water tank and above the filter bed from mid-September onwards, and then rapidly increased in number. Adult flies also increased following the increase in larvae.
In Example 3, the drug was continuously injected on weekdays, and no fly larvae or adult flies were observed during the entire period.
In Example 1, the drug was added once over the weekend. A few fly larvae appeared from late September to October, but no adult flies were seen. This is because the effect of the drug suppressed the emergence of larvae into adults.
In Example 2, the drug was added twice over the weekend, and no fly larvae or adult flies were observed during the entire period.

［薬剤消費量の評価］
表６に実験期間中（９月～１１月）の薬剤使用量を示す。薬剤は錠剤（６ｇ／１錠、有効成分０．５質量％含有）単位で算出した。週末に薬剤添加する実施例１、実施例２は、ハエ発生の抑制効果はほとんど変わらないが、平日に連続添加する実施例３に比べて、１／４～１／７の使用量であった。 [Evaluation of drug consumption]
Table 6 shows the amount of drug used during the experimental period (September to November). The drug was calculated in units of tablets (6 g/1 tablet, containing 0.5% by mass of active ingredient). Examples 1 and 2, in which the drug was added on weekends, had almost the same effect on suppressing fly outbreaks, but the amount used was 1/4 to 1/7 of that in Example 3, in which the drug was added continuously on weekdays. .

２０ ：膜状担体
２１ ：支持体
２２ ：膜
２２ａ ：湾曲部
２２ｂ ：延伸部
２２ｃ ：延伸部
２２ｄ ：開口部
２３ ：空間
３０ ：し尿処理システム
３１ ：固液分離装置
３２ ：生物処理装置
３３ ：希釈槽
１００ ：生物処理装置
１０２ ：受水槽
１０２ｗ ：壁
１０３ ：ろ床槽
１０４ ：担体
１０５ ：循環ポンプ
１０６ ：架台
１０８ ：循環ライン
１０９ ：容器
１０９ａ ：収容部
１０９ｈ ：吊り下げ部
１１０ ：散水機
１１２ ：フック
２００ ：生物処理装置
２０２ ：原水ポンプ
２０４ ：流入ライン
２０６ ：原水槽
２０７ ：流出ライン
２０８ ：処理水槽
２１０ ：薬液貯留槽
２１２ ：薬液注入ライン
２１４ ：薬液注入ポンプ
２１６ ：原水ライン
３１０ ：容器
３１１ ：収容部
３１２ ：吊り下げ部
３１３ ：投入口
３１５ ：フック部
３２０ ：容器
３２１ ：収容部
３２２ ：吊り下げ部
３２３ ：投入口
３２４ ：蓋
３２５ ：フック部 20: Membrane carrier 21: Support 22: Membrane 22a: Curved portion 22b: Stretched portion 22c: Stretched portion 22d: Opening 23: Space 30: Human waste treatment system 31: Solid-liquid separation device 32: Biological treatment device 33: Dilution Tank 100: Biological treatment device 102: Water tank 102w: Wall 103: Filter bed tank 104: Carrier 105: Circulation pump 106: Frame 108: Circulation line 109: Container 109a: Accommodation section 109h: Hanging section 110: Water sprinkler 112: Hook 200: Biological treatment equipment 202: Raw water pump 204: Inflow line 206: Raw water tank 207: Outflow line 208: Treated water tank 210: Chemical storage tank 212: Chemical injection line 214: Chemical injection pump 216: Raw water line 310: Container 311: Accommodating part 312 : Suspending part 313 : Inlet 315 : Hook part 320 : Container 321 : Accommodating part 322 : Hanging part 323 : Inlet 324 : Lid 325 : Hook part

Claims (6)

有機性廃水を、受水槽及びろ床槽を備える無曝気方式の生物処理装置の前記受水槽に供給する工程と、前記受水槽より有機性廃水を前記ろ床槽に散布して生物処理する工程と、前記生物処理装置内の有機性廃水にハエの幼虫の成長を抑制する昆虫成長制御剤を添加する工程とを含む有機性廃水の処理方法であって、
前記昆虫成長制御剤を添加する工程は、前記受水槽への有機性廃水の供給が停止し、且つ、前記生物処理装置からの有機性廃水の排出が停止している間に実施し、
前記生物処理する工程は、前記受水槽への有機性廃水の供給が停止し、且つ、前記生物処理装置からの有機性廃水の排出が停止している間、有機性廃水を前記受水槽と前記ろ床槽の間で循環させながら実施することを特徴とした有機性廃水の処理方法。 A step of supplying organic wastewater to the water receiving tank of a non-aerated biological treatment device comprising a water receiving tank and a filter bed tank, and a step of dispersing organic wastewater from the water receiving tank to the filter bed tank for biological treatment. and a step of adding an insect growth control agent that suppresses the growth of fly larvae to the organic wastewater in the biological treatment device, the method comprising:
The step of adding the insect growth control agent is carried out while the supply of organic wastewater to the water tank is stopped and the discharge of organic wastewater from the biological treatment device is stopped,
In the biological treatment step, the organic wastewater is transferred to the water receiving tank and the organic wastewater while the supply of organic wastewater to the water receiving tank is stopped and the discharge of organic wastewater from the biological treatment device is stopped. A method for treating organic wastewater characterized by carrying out the treatment while circulating it between filter bed tanks. 前記受水槽への有機性廃水の供給が停止し、且つ、前記生物処理装置からの有機性廃水の排出が停止している時間が、１２時間以上であることを特徴とした請求項１に記載の有機性廃水の処理方法。 According to claim 1, the time during which the supply of organic wastewater to the water receiving tank is stopped and the discharge of organic wastewater from the biological treatment device is stopped is 12 hours or more. methods for treating organic wastewater. 前記昆虫成長制御剤を添加する工程が、錠剤の形態にある前記昆虫成長制御剤を、通水性の容器に収容して、前記受水槽内の有機性廃水中に浸漬することを特徴とした請求項１又は２記載の有機性廃水の処理方法。 Claim characterized in that the step of adding the insect growth controlling agent comprises storing the insect growth controlling agent in the form of a tablet in a water-permeable container and immersing it in the organic wastewater in the water receiving tank. The method for treating organic wastewater according to item 1 or 2. 前記容器は、前記受水槽の入口側の壁に吊るされることを特徴とした請求項３に記載の有機性廃水の処理方法。 4. The method for treating organic wastewater according to claim 3, wherein the container is hung on a wall on the inlet side of the water tank. 前記受水槽への有機性廃水の供給が行われている間は、前記昆虫成長制御剤を添加する工程を実施しない請求項１～４の何れか一項に記載の有機性廃水の処理方法。 The method for treating organic wastewater according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the step of adding the insect growth control agent is not performed while the organic wastewater is being supplied to the water receiving tank. 有機性廃水がし尿である請求項１～５の何れか一項に記載の有機性廃水の処理方法。 The method for treating organic wastewater according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the organic wastewater is human waste.
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