JP2021146626A - Flask and method for producing building material made of concrete - Google Patents

Flask and method for producing building material made of concrete Download PDF

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JP2021146626A
JP2021146626A JP2020049076A JP2020049076A JP2021146626A JP 2021146626 A JP2021146626 A JP 2021146626A JP 2020049076 A JP2020049076 A JP 2020049076A JP 2020049076 A JP2020049076 A JP 2020049076A JP 2021146626 A JP2021146626 A JP 2021146626A
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formwork
rising
movable
concrete
pattern
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JP7425968B2 (en
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達郎 飯沼
Tatsuro Iinuma
達郎 飯沼
克幸 田中
Katsuyuki Tanaka
克幸 田中
禎一郎 津野
Teiichiro Tsuno
禎一郎 津野
和樹 岸本
Kazuki Kishimoto
和樹 岸本
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Sekisui House Ltd
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Sekisui House Ltd
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Abstract

To provide a flask for molding a building material made of concrete in which a recessed pattern is formed at crossed two faces facilitating de-molding with a simple structure, and a method for producing a building material made of concrete.SOLUTION: A flask 1 is used for installing concrete at the inside and molding a building material and comprises: a flask body 4 having an opened upper part, including a bottom part 5 and a rising edge part 6 and mounted in a posture installing concrete; and a mat 7 with flexibility forming a rugged pattern on the surface of the building material and including a front face pattern part 73 pasted on the upper face of the bottom part 5 of the flask body 4 and a side face pattern part 75 pasted on the inner side face of at least one rising edge part 6 of the flask body 4. The rising edge part 6 pasted with the mat 7 is a movable rising part 65 movable from a rising state in which rising is caused at a prescribed angle to a gradient state in which the upper edge is widen and tilted to the outside more than the prescribed angle.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、型枠及び当該型枠を用いたコンクリート製建材の製造方法に関し、特に、角度をつけて交差する2面に凹凸模様が設けられたコンクリート製建材の製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a formwork and a method of manufacturing a concrete building material using the formwork, and more particularly to a method of manufacturing a concrete building material having an uneven pattern on two surfaces intersecting at an angle.

従来より、外壁などのコンクリート製建材の製造方法として、型枠内に打設した生コンクリートを湿度及び温度が管理された養生室で養生し、その後、型枠から脱型することでコンクリート製建材を製造する方法が知られている。そして、型枠の内面に凹凸の模様を形成することで、建材の表面に凹凸模様を形成し、意匠性を高めたコンクリート製建材も知られている。 Conventionally, as a method for manufacturing concrete building materials such as outer walls, ready-mixed concrete placed in a formwork is cured in a curing room where humidity and temperature are controlled, and then the concrete building material is removed from the formwork. The method of manufacturing is known. A concrete building material is also known in which an uneven pattern is formed on the inner surface of the formwork to form an uneven pattern on the surface of the building material to enhance the design.

ところで、コンクリート製建材の中には、例えば出隅部や入隅部の外壁材のように、角度をつけて互いに交差する2面以上の面に凹凸模様が設けられたものがある。このようなコンクリート製建材は、型枠から脱型する際に、型枠と建材の凹凸模様同士が引っ掛かりあうので、単純に一方向に引き抜くことが困難である。そこで、型枠の一方の面を形成する部材と、他方の面を形成する部材とを互いに分離できる別部材とし、打設の前にそれぞれの部材を組み立てるとともに、脱型の際にはこれらの部材をそれぞれ取り外してばらすことで脱型を可能とした型枠が知られている。しかし、このような型枠では、型枠の準備や脱型の際に手間がかかり、また、型枠の部品点数が多くなって管理の負担も増加する。 By the way, some concrete building materials are provided with an uneven pattern on two or more surfaces that intersect each other at an angle, such as an outer wall material at an outside corner or an inside corner. When such a concrete building material is removed from the formwork, the uneven patterns of the formwork and the building material are caught by each other, so that it is difficult to simply pull out the concrete building material in one direction. Therefore, the member forming one surface of the formwork and the member forming the other surface are made into separate members that can be separated from each other, and each member is assembled before casting, and these members are assembled at the time of demolding. There is known a formwork that can be removed from the mold by removing and disassembling each member. However, with such a formwork, it takes time and effort to prepare and remove the formwork, and the number of parts of the formwork increases, which increases the management burden.

そこで、型枠の凹凸模様が形成された2面を一体に形成しており、脱型の際に、当該2面の成す角の2等分線方向に型枠を取り外すことで、コンクリート製建材を型枠から脱型させる発明が提案されている(特許文献1参照)。2等分線方向であれば、型枠と建材の凹凸模様同士が引っ掛かることなく脱型することができ、2面を一体に形成することで、型枠の部品点数も減らすことができる。 Therefore, the two surfaces on which the uneven pattern of the formwork is formed are integrally formed, and when the formwork is removed, the formwork is removed in the direction of the bisector of the angle formed by the two surfaces to form a concrete building material. Has been proposed (see Patent Document 1). In the direction of the bisector, the formwork and the uneven pattern of the building material can be removed without getting caught, and by forming the two surfaces integrally, the number of parts of the formwork can be reduced.

特開平06−114810号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 06-114810

しかし、特許文献1のような型枠の凹凸模様が形成された2面を当該2面の成す角の2等分線方向に引き抜いて脱型する構成とする場合、2等分線方向に引っ掛かることがない凹凸模様に限定されるため、例えば、コンクリート製建材の凹凸模様を深く形成した場合のように、2等分線方向に引っ掛かるデザインの場合には脱型することができない。また、コンクリートを打設した際とは異なる姿勢で脱型することになるので、脱型の際のコンクリート製建材及び型枠の姿勢保持に手間がかかる。 However, when the two surfaces on which the uneven pattern of the mold is formed as in Patent Document 1 is pulled out in the bisector direction of the angle formed by the two surfaces to be removed from the mold, the two surfaces are caught in the bisector direction. Since it is limited to an uneven pattern that does not occur, it cannot be removed from the mold in the case of a design that is caught in the bisectoral direction, for example, when the uneven pattern of a concrete building material is deeply formed. In addition, since the mold is removed in a posture different from that when the concrete is placed, it takes time and effort to maintain the posture of the concrete building material and the formwork at the time of removing the mold.

そこで、本発明は、交差する2面に凹凸模様が形成されたコンクリート製建材を成型する型枠であって、簡単な構造で脱型が容易となる型枠及びコンクリート製建材の製造方法を提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, the present invention provides a formwork for molding a concrete building material having a concavo-convex pattern formed on two intersecting surfaces, a formwork having a simple structure and easy to remove from the mold, and a method for manufacturing the concrete building material. The purpose is to do.

本発明の型枠は、内部にコンクリートを打設して建材を成型する型枠であって、上方が開口するとともに、底部と立ち上がり縁部とを有しており、コンクリートを打設する姿勢に載置される型枠本体と、前記型枠本体の底部の上面に貼り付けられる前面模様部と、前記型枠本体の少なくとも1つの立ち上がり縁部の内側面に貼り付けられる側面模様部と、を有し、建材の表面に凹凸模様を形成する可撓性を有するマットと、前記マットが貼り付けられた前記立ち上がり縁部が、所定角度に立ち上がった起立状態と、前記所定角度よりも上端が外側に広がって傾いた勾配状態と、に移行可能な可動立ち上がり部であることを特徴としている。 The formwork of the present invention is a formwork in which concrete is cast inside to mold a building material, and has an opening at the top and a bottom and a rising edge, so that the formwork is in a posture of placing concrete. The form body to be placed, the front pattern portion attached to the upper surface of the bottom portion of the form body, and the side pattern portion attached to the inner surface of at least one rising edge portion of the form body. A flexible mat that has the flexibility to form an uneven pattern on the surface of the building material, and the rising edge to which the mat is attached stand up at a predetermined angle, and the upper end is outside the predetermined angle. It is characterized by a slanted state that spreads and tilts, and a movable rising part that can shift to.

本発明の型枠は、内側に矩形の開口部が形成された面材を成型する型枠であって、前記立ち上がり縁部は、面材の外周端面を形成する外周縁部と、開口部の内周端面を形成する開口縁部と、を備えており、前記開口部の互いに対向する2辺に形成される前記開口縁部が前記可動立ち上がり部であり、前記マットの前記側面模様部は、前記可動立ち上がり部にそれぞれ貼り付けられることを特徴としている。 The mold of the present invention is a mold for molding a face material having a rectangular opening formed inside, and the rising edge portion is an outer peripheral edge portion forming an outer peripheral end surface of the face material and an opening. An opening edge portion forming an inner peripheral end surface is provided, and the opening edge portion formed on two opposite sides of the opening portion is the movable rising portion, and the side surface pattern portion of the mat is a movable rising portion. It is characterized in that it is attached to each of the movable rising portions.

本発明の型枠は、前記面材は外壁面材であり、前記側面模様部は前記開口部の両側面となる前記可動立ち上がり部にそれぞれ貼り付けられて、前記開口部の両側面に水平目地模様を形成するものであり、当該側面模様部は、開口部の角となる上端又は下端の水平目地模様が、中間部の水平目地模様と比べて、浅いことを特徴としている。 In the mold of the present invention, the face material is an outer wall surface material, the side pattern portion is attached to the movable rising portion which is both side surfaces of the opening, and horizontal joints are attached to both side surfaces of the opening. The side pattern portion forms a pattern, and the side pattern portion is characterized in that the horizontal joint pattern at the upper end or the lower end, which is the corner of the opening, is shallower than the horizontal joint pattern in the middle portion.

本発明の型枠は、前記マットは前記前面模様部と前記側面模様部とが、一体に形成されるものであり、当該前面模様部と当該側面模様部との境界の、前記型枠本体に向き合う角部が面取りされて、前記型枠本体の前記底部及び前記可動立ち上がり部に当接しない面取り部が形成されることを特徴としている。 In the mold of the present invention, the mat is formed by integrally forming the front pattern portion and the side pattern portion, and is formed on the mold body at the boundary between the front pattern portion and the side pattern portion. The corners facing each other are chamfered to form a chamfered portion that does not come into contact with the bottom portion of the mold body and the movable rising portion.

本発明の型枠は、前記可動立ち上がり部を前記起立状態に維持可能に位置決めするとともに、前記可動立ち上がり部を所定の勾配状態に維持可能に位置決めする位置決め手段を備えることを特徴としている。 The mold of the present invention is characterized by comprising a positioning means for positioning the movable rising portion so as to be able to maintain the movable rising portion and maintaining the movable rising portion in a predetermined gradient state.

本発明のコンクリート製建材の製造方法は、上記のいずれかの型枠を用いて、コンクリート製建材を成型するコンクリート製建材の製造方法であって、前記可動立ち上がり部を起立状態に維持して、前記型枠の内部にコンクリートを打設する打設工程と、前記型枠の内部の前記コンクリートが脱型可能な硬さとなるまで養生する養生工程と、前記養生工程を経た前記型枠の前記可動立ち上がり部を勾配状態に傾けて維持する脱型準備工程と、前記コンクリートが固まったコンクリート成型物を持ち上げて前記型枠から脱型する脱型工程と、を含むことことを特徴としている。 The method for manufacturing a concrete building material of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a concrete building material for molding a concrete building material using any of the above molds, wherein the movable rising portion is maintained in an upright state. A casting step of placing concrete inside the mold, a curing step of curing the concrete inside the mold until it has a hardness that allows it to be removed, and the movable of the mold that has undergone the curing step. It is characterized by including a demolding preparation step of tilting and maintaining the rising portion in a gradient state, and a demolding step of lifting the concrete molded product in which the concrete is solidified and removing the mold from the mold.

本発明の型枠によると、型枠本体の底部の上面に全面模様部が貼り付けられ、型枠本体の少なくとも1つの立ち上がり縁部の内側面に側面模様部が貼り付けられるので、型枠により成型されるコンクリート製建材の角度を設けて交差する2面以上に凹凸模様を形成することができる。そして、マットが貼り付けられた立ち上がり縁部が、可動立ち上がり部であり、所定角度に立ち上がった起立状態と、所定角度よりも上端が外側に広がって傾いた勾配状態と、に移行可能に形成されているので、可動立ち上がり部を起立状態に保持してコンクリートを打設して養生し、脱型の際に可動立ち上がり部を勾配状態とすることで、マットの側面模様部とコンクリート製建材との間に隙間が生まれ、凹凸模様に邪魔されることなくコンクリート製建材を上方に持ち上げることができ、脱型することができる。その後、可動立ち上がり部を起立状態に戻すことで、型枠は簡単に再使用可能となる。このように、本発明の型枠は、可動立ち上がり部を勾配状態とすることができるので、凹凸模様が深い場合であっても簡単に脱型することができ、2面以上に凹凸模様が形成されたコンクリート建材を効率的に製造することができる。 According to the formwork of the present invention, the entire surface pattern portion is attached to the upper surface of the bottom portion of the formwork body, and the side pattern portion is attached to the inner side surface of at least one rising edge portion of the formwork body. Concavo-convex patterns can be formed on two or more intersecting surfaces at an angle of the concrete building material to be molded. The rising edge to which the mat is attached is a movable rising portion, and is formed so as to be able to shift between a standing state in which the mat stands up at a predetermined angle and a gradient state in which the upper end extends outward from the predetermined angle and tilts. Therefore, by holding the movable rising part in an upright state and placing concrete to cure it, and making the movable rising part a gradient state at the time of demolding, the side pattern part of the mat and the concrete building material can be connected. A gap is created between them, and the concrete building material can be lifted upward without being disturbed by the uneven pattern, and can be removed from the mold. After that, the formwork can be easily reused by returning the movable rising portion to the upright state. As described above, in the mold of the present invention, since the movable rising portion can be in a gradient state, the mold can be easily removed even when the uneven pattern is deep, and the uneven pattern is formed on two or more surfaces. It is possible to efficiently manufacture the concrete building material.

本発明の型枠によると、型枠は、内側に矩形の開口部が形成された面材を成型する型枠であり、マットの側面模様部が、開口縁部の互いに対向する2辺に形成される可動立ち上がり部に貼り付けられるので、コンクリート製建材の開口縁の2面に凹凸模様を形成することができ、これら可動立ち上がり部を傾斜状態として、コンクリート製建材を持ち上げることで、極めて簡単に脱型することができる。 According to the mold of the present invention, the mold is a mold for molding a face material having a rectangular opening formed inside, and the side pattern portion of the mat is formed on two opposite sides of the opening edge portion. Since it is attached to the movable rising portion, it is possible to form an uneven pattern on the two surfaces of the opening edge of the concrete building material, and it is extremely easy to lift the concrete building material with these movable rising portions in an inclined state. Can be demolded.

本発明の型枠によると、成型されるコンクリート製建材は開口部を有する外壁面材であり、側面模様部が開口部の両側面となる可動立ち上がり部にそれぞれ貼り付けられて、開口部の両側面に水平目地模様を形成するので、外壁面材の左右両側の開口縁に水平目地模様を形成し、可動立ち上がり部を傾斜状態にすることで簡単に脱型することができる。そして、側面模様部は、開口部の角となる上端又は下端の水平目地模様が、中間部の水平目地模様と比べて、浅いので、比較的外力が集中しやすい開口縁の角に、脱型の際に加わる摩擦力を低減させることができ、外壁面材のひび割れを抑制することができる。 According to the formwork of the present invention, the concrete building material to be molded is an outer wall material having an opening, and the side pattern portion is attached to each of the movable rising portions which are both side surfaces of the opening, and both sides of the opening are attached. Since a horizontal joint pattern is formed on the surface, it can be easily removed by forming a horizontal joint pattern on the opening edges on both the left and right sides of the outer wall surface material and inclining the movable rising portion. Since the horizontal joint pattern at the upper end or the lower end, which is the corner of the opening, is shallower than the horizontal joint pattern in the middle portion, the side pattern portion is demolded at the corner of the opening edge where external force is relatively easy to concentrate. It is possible to reduce the frictional force applied at the time of the above, and it is possible to suppress cracks in the outer wall surface material.

本発明の型枠によると、マットは前面模様部と側面模様部とが、一体に形成されるものであるので、型枠本体により簡単に貼り付けることができるとともに、前面模様部と側面模様部との境界の、型枠本体に向き合う角部が面取りされて面取り部が形成されているので、型枠本体の可動立ち上がり部を起立状態から勾配状態に移行したときに、可撓性を有するマットに無理な力を加えることなく可動立ち上がり部に従って側面模様部を広げることができる。したがって、脱型時にマットをスムーズに勾配状態に変形させることができ、マット自体の劣化を抑制することができる。
According to the formwork of the present invention, since the front pattern portion and the side pattern portion of the mat are integrally formed, the mat can be easily attached by the form body, and the front pattern portion and the side pattern portion can be easily attached. Since the corners facing the formwork body at the boundary with the formwork are chamfered to form the chamfered part, the mat has flexibility when the movable rising part of the formwork body is changed from the upright state to the gradient state. The side pattern portion can be expanded according to the movable rising portion without applying an excessive force to the. Therefore, the mat can be smoothly deformed into a gradient state at the time of demolding, and deterioration of the mat itself can be suppressed.

本発明の型枠によると、可動立ち上がり部を起立状態に維持可能に位置決めするとともに、可動立ち上がり部を所定の勾配状態に維持可能に位置決めする位置決め手段を備えるので、打設の前の型枠準備や脱型時の立ち上がり部を勾配状態にする操作を容易且つ正確に行うことができる。 According to the mold of the present invention, since the movable rising portion is positioned so as to be able to be maintained in the upright state and the movable rising portion is positioned so as to be able to be maintained in a predetermined gradient state, the mold preparation before casting is provided. It is possible to easily and accurately perform the operation of setting the rising portion in a gradient state at the time of demolding.

本発明のコンクリート製建材の製造方法によると、上記のような型枠を用いてコンクリート建材を形成するので、2面以上に凹凸模様が形成されたコンクリート建材を効率的に製造することができる。 According to the method for producing a concrete building material of the present invention, since the concrete building material is formed by using the above-mentioned formwork, it is possible to efficiently produce a concrete building material having an uneven pattern formed on two or more surfaces.

型枠本体の全体構成を示す斜視図。The perspective view which shows the whole structure of the formwork body. 型枠本体の開口縁部の構成を示す斜視図。The perspective view which shows the structure of the opening edge part of the form body. 第一不動挟持部の構成を示す斜視図。The perspective view which shows the structure of the 1st immovable holding part. 可動支持部及び可動立ち上がり部の構成を示す一部省略斜視図。A partially omitted perspective view showing the configuration of a movable support portion and a movable rising portion. (A)は第二不動挟持部の構成を示す斜視図、(B)は第二不動挟持部のメンテナンス開口を説明する正面図。(A) is a perspective view showing the configuration of the second immovable holding portion, and (B) is a front view explaining the maintenance opening of the second immovable holding portion. 第一不動挟持部及び第二不動挟持部の間に可動支持部が挟持される状態を説明する分解斜視図。The exploded perspective view explaining the state which the movable support part is sandwiched between the 1st immovable holding part and the 2nd immovable holding part. 起立状態の可動立ち上がり部、可動支持部、及び第一不動挟持部の状態を説明する図。The figure explaining the state of the movable rising part, the movable support part, and the first immovable holding part in the standing state. 勾配状態の可動立ち上がり部、可動支持部、及び第一不動挟持部の状態を説明する図。The figure explaining the state of the movable rising part, the movable support part, and the first immovable holding part in a gradient state. 4つに分割されるマットの全体構成を説明する分解斜視図。The exploded perspective view explaining the whole structure of the mat divided into four. 図9の(A)部分及び(B)部分拡大図。(A) part and (B) part enlarged view of FIG. コンクリート建材の製造方法の工程を示すフローチャート。The flowchart which shows the process of the manufacturing method of a concrete building material. 生コンクリートを打設する前に予め準備された型枠を示す斜視図。A perspective view showing a formwork prepared in advance before placing ready-mixed concrete. 打設工程を経て生コンクリートを打設した型枠の状態を示す斜視図。A perspective view showing a state of a formwork in which ready-mixed concrete is cast through a casting process. 図13のI−I線断面図。FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II. コンクリート製建材にレールが設けられた鉄筋を配置する状態を示す図。The figure which shows the state which arranges the reinforcing bar which provided the rail in the concrete building material. 脱型準備工程を示す図。The figure which shows the demolding preparation process. 脱型工程を示す図。The figure which shows the demolding process. コンクリート製建材の全体構成を示す斜視図。The perspective view which shows the whole composition of a concrete building material. コンクリート製建材の開口部の上端の内周端面を示す一部省略拡大斜視図。Partially omitted enlarged perspective view showing the inner peripheral end surface of the upper end of the opening of the concrete building material.

以下、本発明の型枠1及びコンクリート製建材の製造方法の実施形態について、各図を参照しつつ説明する。型枠1は、上方が開口しており、生コンクリート2を打設養生して、所望の固さまで凝結させて脱型することで、コンクリート製建材3を得る型枠1である。本実施形態においては、コンクリート製建材3は、図18に示すように、図示しないサッシを外壁表面から屋内側にセットバックさせて、屋外側から見た場合に深く重厚な印象の開口部31を形成する開口部付きの外壁面材である。なお、本発明における「建材」は開口部付きの外壁面材に限定されるものではなく、例えば出隅部や入隅部を形成する建材であってもよく、又は、開口部の一部を形成する建材であってもよい。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the formwork 1 and the method for manufacturing a concrete building material of the present invention will be described with reference to the respective drawings. The formwork 1 has an opening at the upper part, and is a formwork 1 for obtaining a concrete building material 3 by placing and curing a ready-mixed concrete 2 and condensing it to a desired hardness to remove the mold. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 18, the concrete building material 3 has a sash (not shown) set back from the outer wall surface to the indoor side to provide an opening 31 having a deep and profound impression when viewed from the outdoor side. It is an outer wall material with an opening to be formed. The "building material" in the present invention is not limited to the outer wall material with an opening, and may be, for example, a building material forming an outside corner or an inside corner, or a part of the opening. It may be a building material to be formed.

型枠1は、図1及び図9に示すように、矩形に形成され水平に載置される平坦な底部5と、底部5から立ち上がって形成された立ち上がり縁部6と、を有する型枠本体4と、型枠本体4の内側に貼り付けられ、コンクリート製建材3の表面に凹凸模様を形成するマット7と、を備える。なお、以下の説明において、型枠本体4の内側とは、コンクリートが打設される側をいい、型枠本体4の外側とは、立ち上がり縁部6を挟んで、コンクリートが打設される側と逆側をいう。型枠本体4は、鋼製であり、コンベアに乗って移動する搬送台に底部5が水平になるように載置されている。型枠本体4の底部5は、コンクリート製建材3の屋外側の面となり、型枠本体4の上方が屋内側となる。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 9, the mold 1 has a flat bottom portion 5 formed in a rectangular shape and placed horizontally, and a rising edge portion 6 formed by rising from the bottom portion 5. 4 and a mat 7 that is attached to the inside of the formwork main body 4 and forms an uneven pattern on the surface of the concrete building material 3. In the following description, the inside of the formwork body 4 refers to the side on which concrete is placed, and the outside of the formwork body 4 refers to the side on which concrete is placed with the rising edge 6 interposed therebetween. And the other side. The formwork body 4 is made of steel and is placed on a conveyor that moves on a conveyor so that the bottom portion 5 is horizontal. The bottom 5 of the formwork body 4 is the outdoor side surface of the concrete building material 3, and the upper part of the formwork body 4 is the indoor side.

型枠本体4の立ち上がり縁部6は、図1に示すように、コンクリート製建材3の上下左右の外周端面を形成する外周縁部61と、型枠本体4の中心に形成されて、コンクリート建材3の矩形の開口部31の上下左右の内周端面を形成する開口縁部62と、を有する。外周縁部61は、底部5の外周縁に沿って矩形に形成されており、内側の面が平坦に形成されており、上端が外側にフランジ状に広がって形成されている。外周縁部61は内側の面が上端に向かって外側に僅かに広がって形成されており、コンクリート製建材3を脱型する際の脱型勾配を形成している。外周縁部61は底部5に溶接固定されており、底部5に対して不動となっている。 As shown in FIG. 1, the rising edge 6 of the formwork body 4 is formed at the center of the formwork body 4 and the outer peripheral edge 61 forming the upper, lower, left and right outer peripheral end faces of the concrete building material 3, and is a concrete building material. It has an opening edge portion 62 that forms the inner peripheral end faces of the upper, lower, left, and right sides of the rectangular opening portion 31 of 3. The outer peripheral edge portion 61 is formed in a rectangular shape along the outer peripheral edge of the bottom portion 5, the inner surface is formed flat, and the upper end is formed so as to spread outward in a flange shape. The outer peripheral edge portion 61 is formed so that the inner surface slightly expands outward toward the upper end, and forms a demolding gradient when the concrete building material 3 is demolded. The outer peripheral edge portion 61 is welded and fixed to the bottom portion 5 and is immovable with respect to the bottom portion 5.

開口縁部62は、図2に示すように、開口部31の上側の内周端面を形成するための上側立ち上がり部63と、開口部31の下側の内周端面を形成する下側立ち上がり部64と、開口縁部62の左右両側の内周端面を形成するための可動立ち上がり部65とを有する。上側立ち上がり部63及び下側立ち上がり部64は、それぞれ底部5に溶接固定されており、底部5に対して不動となっている。下側立ち上がり部64は、上側立ち上がり部63よりも長く形成されており、後述するマット7の厚さ分長く形成されている。下側立ち上がり部64及び上側立ち上がり部63にはそれぞれ補強リブ66が開口部31の内側に向かって突出して設けられている。 As shown in FIG. 2, the opening edge portion 62 has an upper rising portion 63 for forming the upper inner peripheral end surface of the opening 31 and a lower rising portion forming the lower inner peripheral end surface of the opening 31. It has 64 and a movable rising portion 65 for forming inner peripheral end faces on both left and right sides of the opening edge portion 62. The upper rising portion 63 and the lower rising portion 64 are respectively welded and fixed to the bottom portion 5 and are immovable with respect to the bottom portion 5. The lower rising portion 64 is formed longer than the upper rising portion 63, and is formed longer by the thickness of the mat 7 described later. Reinforcing ribs 66 are provided on the lower rising portion 64 and the upper rising portion 63, respectively, so as to project toward the inside of the opening 31.

可動立ち上がり部65は、図7に示す起立状態と、起立状態よりも上端が開口部31側に広がるように傾斜した図8に示す勾配状態とに移行可能である。可動立ち上がり部65は、起立状態のとき、鉛直に立ち上がる壁部67と、当該起立状態のとき、壁部67の上端から開口部31側に水平に伸びるフランジ68と、を有している。壁部67は、後述するマット7の側面模様部が貼り付けられて、コンクリート製建材3の開口部31の内周側面を形成する。フランジ68は、2か所にハンドル挿入穴69が設けられており、丸鋼をU字状に曲げて形成したハンドル40の両端を当該ハンドル挿入穴69に挿入して、操作することで、可動立ち上がり部65を起立状態と勾配状態に移行する操作を行うものである。 The movable rising portion 65 can shift between the standing state shown in FIG. 7 and the gradient state shown in FIG. 8 in which the upper end is inclined so as to extend toward the opening 31 side from the standing state. The movable rising portion 65 has a wall portion 67 that stands up vertically when in the standing state, and a flange 68 that extends horizontally from the upper end of the wall portion 67 toward the opening 31 side in the standing state. A side pattern portion of the mat 7, which will be described later, is attached to the wall portion 67 to form an inner peripheral side surface of the opening 31 of the concrete building material 3. The flange 68 is provided with handle insertion holes 69 at two places, and can be moved by inserting both ends of the handle 40 formed by bending round steel into the handle insertion holes 69 and operating the flange 68. The operation of shifting the rising portion 65 to the standing state and the gradient state is performed.

可動立ち上がり部65の壁部67の開口部31側の面には、図4、図7、及び図8に示すように、当該開口部31側に伸びる可動支持部8が2箇所に溶接されている。可動支持部8は、壁部67に対して垂直で、且つ、鉛直に形成される平板状である。可動支持部8の、壁部67に近い側に2つのピン孔81が形成されており、ピン孔81よりも壁部67から離れた位置には後述するボールプランジャ90のボール91を受ける2つのボール受け部82が形成されている。ボール受け部82は、球面状に窪んでおりボール91がはまり込む形状である。可動支持部8の両側には第一不動挟持部9a及び第二不動挟持部9bが形成されており、可動支持部8を挟持している。 As shown in FIGS. 4, 7, and 8, on the surface of the wall portion 67 of the movable rising portion 65 on the opening 31 side, a movable support portion 8 extending toward the opening 31 is welded to two places. There is. The movable support portion 8 has a flat plate shape formed perpendicularly and vertically to the wall portion 67. Two pin holes 81 are formed on the side of the movable support portion 8 closer to the wall portion 67, and two balls 91 of the ball plunger 90, which will be described later, are received at positions farther from the wall portion 67 than the pin holes 81. The ball receiving portion 82 is formed. The ball receiving portion 82 is recessed in a spherical shape and has a shape in which the ball 91 fits. A first immovable holding portion 9a and a second immovable holding portion 9b are formed on both sides of the movable support portion 8 to sandwich the movable support portion 8.

第一不動挟持部9aは、図3、図7、及び図8に示すように、可動支持部8の一方の面に当接する平板状である。第一不動挟持部9aは、下面が底部5に溶接されている。第一不動挟持部9aには、ピン孔81に連通する2つの長孔92が形成されており、当該長孔92よりも壁部67から離れる方向に2つのボールプランジャ90が設けられている。ボールプランジャ90は、可動支持部8のボール受け部82にはめ合わされるボール91と、当該ボール91を可動支持部8に押し付けるコイルバネの付勢部93と、当該付勢部93がボール91を可動支持部8に押し付ける付勢力を調整するために、付勢部93の可動支持部8との距離を調整するボルト及びナットからなる調整部94と、を有している。本発明における「位置決め手段」は、本実施形態においては2つのボールプランジャ90がこれに相当する。 As shown in FIGS. 3, 7, and 8, the first immovable holding portion 9a has a flat plate shape that abuts on one surface of the movable support portion 8. The lower surface of the first immovable holding portion 9a is welded to the bottom portion 5. The first immovable holding portion 9a is formed with two elongated holes 92 communicating with the pin hole 81, and two ball plungers 90 are provided in a direction away from the elongated hole 92 and the wall portion 67. In the ball plunger 90, the ball 91 fitted to the ball receiving portion 82 of the movable support portion 8, the urging portion 93 of the coil spring that presses the ball 91 against the movable support portion 8, and the urging portion 93 move the ball 91. In order to adjust the urging force pressed against the support portion 8, the adjusting portion 94 composed of bolts and nuts for adjusting the distance of the urging portion 93 from the movable support portion 8 is provided. The "positioning means" in the present invention corresponds to the two ball plungers 90 in the present embodiment.

また、第二不動挟持部9bは、図5に示すように、可動支持部8の他方の面に当接する平板状である。第二不動挟持部9bには、第一不動挟持部9aと同様に、ピン孔81に連通する2つの長孔92が形成されている。また、第二不動挟持部9bには、メンテナンス蓋95によって閉じられたメンテナンス開口96が形成されており、可動支持部8の2つのボール受け部82が摩耗した場合には交換を行うことができるように形成されている。第二不動挟持部9bは下面が底部5に溶接されている。 Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the second immovable holding portion 9b has a flat plate shape that abuts on the other surface of the movable support portion 8. The second immovable holding portion 9b is formed with two elongated holes 92 communicating with the pin hole 81, similarly to the first immovable holding portion 9a. Further, the second immovable holding portion 9b is formed with a maintenance opening 96 closed by the maintenance lid 95, and can be replaced when the two ball receiving portions 82 of the movable support portion 8 are worn. It is formed like this. The lower surface of the second immovable holding portion 9b is welded to the bottom portion 5.

可動支持部8の2つのピン孔81にはそれぞれ可動ピン83が両端が突出するように挿入されて固定されている。図6に示すように、可動支持部8は、第一不動挟持部9a及び第二不動挟持部9bの間に挟まれており、ピン孔81に挿入される2つの可動ピン83の両端が、第一不動挟持部9a及び第二不動挟持部9bの2つの長孔92にそれぞれ挿入された状態となっている。可動ピン83は、図7及び図8に示すように、それぞれの長孔92に沿って摺動可能であり、可動支持部8も可動ピン83の摺動に従って姿勢を変更可能となっている。そして、可動支持部8に固定されている可動立ち上がり部65も可動支持部8の動きに従って姿勢を変更する。したがって、可動ピン83が第一不動挟持部9a及び第二不動挟持部9bの長孔92の中で摺動することによって、可動立ち上がり部65は、壁部67が鉛直となる起立状態と、壁部67の上端が開口部31側に広がるように傾斜した勾配状態との間で姿勢を変更することとなる。 Movable pins 83 are inserted and fixed to the two pin holes 81 of the movable support portion 8 so that both ends project. As shown in FIG. 6, the movable support portion 8 is sandwiched between the first immovable holding portion 9a and the second immovable holding portion 9b, and both ends of the two movable pins 83 inserted into the pin holes 81 are It is in a state of being inserted into the two elongated holes 92 of the first immovable holding portion 9a and the second immovable holding portion 9b, respectively. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the movable pin 83 can slide along the respective elongated holes 92, and the movable support portion 8 can also change its posture according to the sliding of the movable pin 83. Then, the movable rising portion 65 fixed to the movable support portion 8 also changes its posture according to the movement of the movable support portion 8. Therefore, when the movable pin 83 slides in the elongated holes 92 of the first immovable holding portion 9a and the second immovable holding portion 9b, the movable rising portion 65 is in an upright state in which the wall portion 67 is vertical and the wall. The posture is changed from the gradient state in which the upper end of the portion 67 is inclined so as to spread toward the opening 31 side.

2つの可動ピン83が長孔92の上端に位置するとき、可動立ち上がり部65は起立状態となり、2つの可動ピン83が長孔92の下端に位置するとき、可動立ち上がり部65は傾斜状態となる。そして、可動立ち上がり部65が起立状態のとき、第一不動挟持部9aに設けられた2つのボールプランジャ90の内、可動立ち上がり部65に近い側のボールプランジャ90の先端に設けられたボール91が、可動支持部8のボール受け部82にはまり込んで、可動支持部8の姿勢の変更を規制し、可動立ち上がり部65を起立状態に維持する。また、可動立ち上がり部65が傾斜状態のとき、第一不動挟持部9aに設けられた2つのボールプランジャ90の内、可動立ち上がり部65に遠い側のボールプランジャ90の先端に設けられたボール91が、可動支持部8のボール受け部82にはまり込んで、可動支持部8の姿勢変更を規制して、可動立ち上がり部65を傾斜状態に維持する。 When the two movable pins 83 are located at the upper ends of the elongated holes 92, the movable rising portion 65 is in an upright state, and when the two movable pins 83 are located at the lower ends of the elongated holes 92, the movable rising portion 65 is in an inclined state. .. Then, when the movable rising portion 65 is in the upright state, of the two ball plungers 90 provided in the first immovable holding portion 9a, the ball 91 provided at the tip of the ball plunger 90 on the side closer to the movable rising portion 65 , The movable support portion 8 is fitted into the ball receiving portion 82, the change in the posture of the movable support portion 8 is restricted, and the movable rising portion 65 is maintained in the upright state. Further, when the movable rising portion 65 is in an inclined state, of the two ball plungers 90 provided in the first immovable holding portion 9a, the ball 91 provided at the tip of the ball plunger 90 on the side farther from the movable rising portion 65 , The movable support portion 8 is fitted into the ball receiving portion 82, the posture change of the movable support portion 8 is restricted, and the movable rising portion 65 is maintained in an inclined state.

マット7は、図9に示すように、可撓性を有する例えば樹脂製であり、コンクリート製建材3の表面に凹凸模様を形成するものである。マット7は、コンクリート製建材3を設置したときに、開口部31よりも上となる部分の模様を形成する上マット70と、開口部31の側方の模様を形成する2つの側マット72と、開口部31よりも下の部分の模様を形成する下マット71とを有している。上マット70は、型枠本体4の底部5の上面に貼り付けられる前面模様部73と、立ち上がり縁部6の開口縁部62のうち、開口部31の上側の内周端面を形成する上側立ち上がり部63に貼り付けられる上端模様部74と、が一体形成されている。2つの側マット72は、それぞれ型枠本体4の底部5の上面に貼り付けられる前面模様部73と、立ち上がり縁部6の開口縁部62のうち、左右両側に設けられた可動立ち上がり部65に貼り付けられる側面模様部75と、が一体形成されている。下マット71は、型枠本体4の底部5の下面に貼り付けられる前面模様部73を有している。なお、型枠本体4の外周縁部61及び開口縁部62の下側立ち上がり部64にはマット7が貼り付けられておらず、コンクリート製建材3の開口部31の下側の内周端面、及びコンクリート製建材3の外周端面には、凹凸模様が形成されていない。 As shown in FIG. 9, the mat 7 is made of a flexible resin, for example, and forms an uneven pattern on the surface of the concrete building material 3. The mat 7 includes an upper mat 70 that forms a pattern of a portion above the opening 31 when the concrete building material 3 is installed, and two side mats 72 that form a pattern on the side of the opening 31. It has a lower mat 71 that forms a pattern of a portion below the opening 31. The upper mat 70 is an upper rising portion that forms an inner peripheral end surface on the upper side of the opening portion 31 among the front pattern portion 73 attached to the upper surface of the bottom portion 5 of the form body 4 and the opening edge portion 62 of the rising edge portion 6. An upper end pattern portion 74 to be attached to the portion 63 is integrally formed. The two side mats 72 are attached to the front pattern portion 73 attached to the upper surface of the bottom portion 5 of the formwork body 4, and the movable rising portions 65 provided on both the left and right sides of the opening edge portion 62 of the rising edge portion 6, respectively. The side pattern portion 75 to be attached is integrally formed. The lower mat 71 has a front pattern portion 73 that is attached to the lower surface of the bottom portion 5 of the form body 4. The mat 7 is not attached to the outer peripheral edge portion 61 of the formwork main body 4 and the lower rising portion 64 of the opening edge portion 62, and the inner peripheral end surface on the lower side of the opening portion 31 of the concrete building material 3 And the uneven pattern is not formed on the outer peripheral end face of the concrete building material 3.

マット7によって形成される凹凸模様は、コンクリート製建材3を設置したときに、鉛直方向及び水平方向となる目地模様であり、マット7の前面模様部73は、型枠1の底部5の上面に貼り付けたときに上を向く面における目地が形成される部分に、型枠1の縦横方向に複数の突条76が形成されている。また、上端模様部74及び側面模様部75にはそれぞれ、立ち上がり方向に向かって伸びる突条76が、前面模様部73の突条76と連続するように形成されている。 The uneven pattern formed by the mat 7 is a joint pattern that becomes vertical and horizontal when the concrete building material 3 is installed, and the front pattern portion 73 of the mat 7 is formed on the upper surface of the bottom 5 of the formwork 1. A plurality of ridges 76 are formed in the vertical and horizontal directions of the formwork 1 at a portion where joints are formed on the surface facing upward when the formwork 1 is attached. Further, the upper end pattern portion 74 and the side pattern portion 75 are each formed so that the ridges 76 extending in the rising direction are continuous with the ridges 76 of the front pattern portion 73.

これによって、コンクリート製建材3の表面には、鉛直方向及び水平方向に複数の溝が形成され、目地のような模様が形成される。なお、マット7によって形成される凹凸模様はこれに限定されるものではなく、コンクリート製建材3を用いる建物の外観デザインに応じて、他の様々な模様を採用することができる。 As a result, a plurality of grooves are formed on the surface of the concrete building material 3 in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, and a pattern like a joint is formed. The uneven pattern formed by the mat 7 is not limited to this, and various other patterns can be adopted depending on the exterior design of the building using the concrete building material 3.

図10に示すように、可動立ち上がり部65に貼り付けられる側面模様部75に立ち上がり方向に向かって伸びる突条76によって形成される凹凸模様は、開口部31の両側面に屋内外方向に延びる水平目地模様32である。この側面模様部75は、図19に示すように、開口部31の上端の角となる端部に形成された水平目地模様32aが、中間部の水平目地模様32と比べて浅くなるように、開口部31の上側となる側面模様部75の端部に形成された突条76aの突出高さが他の部分の突条76と比較して低く形成されている。 As shown in FIG. 10, the uneven pattern formed by the ridges 76 extending in the rising direction on the side pattern portion 75 attached to the movable rising portion 65 is horizontal extending indoors and outdoors on both side surfaces of the opening 31. It is a joint pattern 32. As shown in FIG. 19, the side pattern portion 75 has a horizontal joint pattern 32a formed at the corner of the upper end of the opening 31 so as to be shallower than the horizontal joint pattern 32 in the middle portion. The protruding height of the ridge 76a formed at the end of the side pattern portion 75 on the upper side of the opening 31 is formed lower than that of the ridge 76 of the other portion.

側マット72の前面模様部73及び側面模様部75の境界の型枠本体4に向き合う角部は、図9、図14、及び図15に示すように、面取りされて、型枠本体4の底部5及び可動立ち上がり部65に当接しない面取り部77が形成されている。このように面取り部77が形成されることで、型枠本体4の可動立ち上がり部65を起立状態から勾配状態に移行したときに、可撓性を有するマット7に無理な力を加えることなく可動立ち上がり部65に従って側面模様部75を広げることができ、脱型時にマット7をスムーズに勾配状態に変形させることができ、マット7自体の劣化を抑制することができる。 As shown in FIGS. 9, 14, and 15, the corners of the side mat 72 at the boundary between the front pattern portion 73 and the side pattern portion 75 facing the formwork body 4 are chamfered to form the bottom portion of the formwork body 4. A chamfered portion 77 that does not come into contact with the movable rising portion 65 and the movable rising portion 65 is formed. By forming the chamfered portion 77 in this way, when the movable rising portion 65 of the form body 4 is shifted from the standing state to the gradient state, the flexible mat 7 can be moved without applying an excessive force. The side pattern portion 75 can be expanded according to the rising portion 65, the mat 7 can be smoothly deformed into a gradient state at the time of demolding, and deterioration of the mat 7 itself can be suppressed.

次に、以上のように形成される型枠1を用いたコンクリート製建材の製造方法について、図11を参照しつつ説明する。コンクリート製建材の製造方法は、まず、図12に示すように、予め型枠本体4にマット7を貼り付けた型枠1を準備する(S101)。このとき、型枠1の可動立ち上がり部65のフランジ68に形成されたハンドル挿入穴69にハンドル40を挿入して、可動立ち上がり部65が起立状態となるように操作する。型枠1は、例えば製造ラインのコンベア上に配置されて、次の工程に搬送される。次に、図13、及び図14に示すように、計量して練り混ぜられた生コンクリート2を型枠1内に打設する(S102)。生コンクリート2は、型枠1の外周縁部61と開口縁部62との間に回るように打設され、上側となるコンクリート製建材3の裏面をコテでならし仕上げる。そして、図15に示すように、コンクリート製建材3の上下方向に延びるレール11が溶接されたメッシュ状の鉄筋10を生コンクリート2に埋設し(S103)、型枠1を振動させて内部のコンクリートを締め固める。そして、型枠1毎、所望の温度及び湿度に管理された1次養生装置に入れて1次養生を行う(S104)。 Next, a method of manufacturing a concrete building material using the formwork 1 formed as described above will be described with reference to FIG. As a method for manufacturing a concrete building material, first, as shown in FIG. 12, a formwork 1 in which a mat 7 is attached to a formwork body 4 in advance is prepared (S101). At this time, the handle 40 is inserted into the handle insertion hole 69 formed in the flange 68 of the movable rising portion 65 of the formwork 1 so that the movable rising portion 65 is in the upright state. The mold 1 is arranged on a conveyor of a production line, for example, and is conveyed to the next process. Next, as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the ready-mixed concrete 2 that has been weighed and kneaded is placed in the formwork 1 (S102). The ready-mixed concrete 2 is cast so as to rotate between the outer peripheral edge portion 61 and the opening edge portion 62 of the formwork 1, and the back surface of the concrete building material 3 on the upper side is smoothed and finished with a trowel. Then, as shown in FIG. 15, a mesh-shaped reinforcing bar 10 to which a rail 11 extending in the vertical direction of the concrete building material 3 is welded is embedded in the ready-mixed concrete 2 (S103), and the formwork 1 is vibrated to vibrate the concrete inside. Compact. Then, each mold 1 is placed in a primary curing device controlled to a desired temperature and humidity for primary curing (S104).

そして、1次養生が完了すると、次に脱型の準備を行う(S105)。具体的には、図16に示すように、型枠1の可動立ち上がり部65のフランジ68に形成されたハンドル挿入穴69にハンドル40を挿入して、可動立ち上がり部65が勾配状態となるように操作する。可動立ち上がり部65が勾配状態となると、可動立ち上がり部65に貼り付けられている側面模様部75も可動立ち上がり部65に従って傾斜することとなり、側面模様部75が型枠1内で養生されたコンクリート製建材3の開口部31の側面から離れる。このとき、図19に示すように、コンクリート製建材3の開口部31の側面の上端に形成された水平目地模様32aが、開口部31の側面の他の部分に形成された水平目地模様32よりも浅く形成されるので、割れを起こしやすい開口部31の角に負荷が集中することがなく、ひび割れの発生を抑制することができる。そして、両側の可動立ち上がり部65をそれぞれ勾配状態にすると、次に、図17に示すように、レール11に係止具12をひっかけて、コンクリート製建材3をクレーンで持ち上げることで、型枠1からコンクリート製建材3を取り外す(S106)。 Then, when the primary curing is completed, the next preparation for demolding is performed (S105). Specifically, as shown in FIG. 16, the handle 40 is inserted into the handle insertion hole 69 formed in the flange 68 of the movable rising portion 65 of the formwork 1 so that the movable rising portion 65 is in a gradient state. Manipulate. When the movable rising portion 65 is in a gradient state, the side pattern portion 75 attached to the movable rising portion 65 is also inclined according to the movable rising portion 65, and the side pattern portion 75 is made of concrete cured in the formwork 1. It is separated from the side surface of the opening 31 of the building material 3. At this time, as shown in FIG. 19, the horizontal joint pattern 32a formed at the upper end of the side surface of the opening 31 of the concrete building material 3 is more than the horizontal joint pattern 32 formed at the other portion of the side surface of the opening 31. Since it is formed shallowly, the load is not concentrated on the corners of the opening 31, which is prone to cracking, and the occurrence of cracks can be suppressed. Then, when the movable rising portions 65 on both sides are in a gradient state, then, as shown in FIG. 17, the locking tool 12 is hooked on the rail 11 and the concrete building material 3 is lifted by a crane to form the formwork 1. The concrete building material 3 is removed from the (S106).

脱型したコンクリート製建材3は、高温高圧のオートクレーブ窯に搬入して2次養生を行い(S107)、その後、各種コーティング剤などを塗装して(S108)、コンクリート製建材3を完成させる。 The demolded concrete building material 3 is carried into a high-temperature and high-pressure autoclave kiln for secondary curing (S107), and then various coating agents and the like are applied (S108) to complete the concrete building material 3.

以上のように本実施形態における型枠1及びコンクリート製建材の製造方法によると、図18に示すように、コンクリート製建材3は、開口部31の側面に凹凸模様を形成した外壁面材でありつつ、開口部31の回りを複数に分割することなく一体成型することができるので、建物の建築時に、シーリングを必要とする外壁目地を減らすことができるとともに、躯体に取り付けるための取付金具の個数を減らすことができる。 As described above, according to the method for manufacturing the formwork 1 and the concrete building material in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 18, the concrete building material 3 is an outer wall material having an uneven pattern formed on the side surface of the opening 31. At the same time, since the circumference of the opening 31 can be integrally molded without being divided into a plurality of parts, it is possible to reduce the number of outer wall joints that require sealing when constructing a building, and the number of mounting brackets for attaching to the skeleton. Can be reduced.

本発明の実施の形態は上述の形態に限ることなく、本発明の思想の範囲を逸脱しない範囲で適宜変更することができることは云うまでもない。 It goes without saying that the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment and can be appropriately changed without departing from the scope of the idea of the present invention.

本発明に係る型枠1及びコンクリート製建材の製造方法によると、深い凹凸を有する重厚感のあるデザインの建物の外壁を形成する型枠1及び製造方法として好適である。 According to the formwork 1 and the method for manufacturing a concrete building material according to the present invention, the formwork 1 and the manufacturing method for forming the outer wall of a building having a profound feeling with deep irregularities are suitable.

1 型枠
3 コンクリート製建材
4 型枠本体
5 底部
6 立ち上がり縁部
7 マット
61 外周縁部
62 開口縁部
65 可動立ち上がり部
73 前面模様部
75 側面模様部
90 ボールプランジャ(位置決め手段)
1 Formwork 3 Concrete building material 4 Formwork body 5 Bottom 6 Rising edge 7 Mat 61 Outer peripheral edge 62 Opening edge 65 Movable rising 73 Front pattern 75 Side pattern 90 Ball plunger (positioning means)

Claims (6)

内部にコンクリートを打設して建材を成型する型枠であって、
上方が開口するとともに、底部と立ち上がり縁部とを有しており、コンクリートを打設する姿勢に載置される型枠本体と、
前記型枠本体の底部の上面に貼り付けられる前面模様部と、前記型枠本体の少なくとも1つの立ち上がり縁部の内側面に貼り付けられる側面模様部と、を有し、建材の表面に凹凸模様を形成する可撓性を有するマットと、
前記マットが貼り付けられた前記立ち上がり縁部が、所定角度に立ち上がった起立状態と、前記所定角度よりも上端が外側に広がって傾いた勾配状態と、に移行可能な可動立ち上がり部であることを特徴とする型枠。
It is a formwork that casts concrete inside to mold building materials.
A formwork body that opens at the top and has a bottom and a rising edge, and is placed in a posture in which concrete is placed.
It has a front pattern portion attached to the upper surface of the bottom portion of the formwork body and a side pattern portion attached to the inner side surface of at least one rising edge portion of the formwork body, and has an uneven pattern on the surface of the building material. With a flexible mat that forms
The rising edge portion to which the mat is attached is a movable rising portion capable of shifting between an upright state in which the mat is attached and an inclined state in which the upper end extends outward from the predetermined angle and is inclined. Characteristic formwork.
内側に矩形の開口部が形成された面材を成型する型枠であって、
前記立ち上がり縁部は、面材の外周端面を形成する外周縁部と、開口部の内周端面を形成する開口縁部と、を備えており、
前記開口部の互いに対向する2辺に形成される前記開口縁部が前記可動立ち上がり部であり、
前記マットの前記側面模様部は、前記可動立ち上がり部にそれぞれ貼り付けられることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の型枠。
A formwork for molding a face material with a rectangular opening formed inside.
The rising edge portion includes an outer peripheral edge portion that forms the outer peripheral end surface of the face material, and an opening edge portion that forms the inner peripheral end surface of the opening.
The opening edge formed on two opposite sides of the opening is the movable rising portion.
The mold according to claim 1, wherein the side pattern portion of the mat is attached to each of the movable rising portions.
前記面材は外壁面材であり、
前記側面模様部は前記開口部の両側面となる前記可動立ち上がり部にそれぞれ貼り付けられて、前記開口部の両側面に水平目地模様を形成するものであり、
当該側面模様部は、開口縁部の角となる上端又は下端の水平目地模様が、中間部の水平目地模様と比べて、浅いことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の型枠。
The face material is an outer wall material,
The side surface pattern portion is attached to the movable rising portion which is both side surfaces of the opening to form a horizontal joint pattern on both side surfaces of the opening.
The mold according to claim 2, wherein the side pattern portion has a horizontal joint pattern at the upper end or the lower end, which is a corner of the opening edge portion, shallower than the horizontal joint pattern in the intermediate portion.
前記マットは前記前面模様部と前記側面模様部とが、一体に形成されるものであり、
当該前面模様部と当該側面模様部との境界の、前記型枠本体に向き合う角部が面取りされて、前記型枠本体の前記底部及び前記可動立ち上がり部に当接しない面取り部が形成されることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項3のいずれかに記載の型枠。
In the mat, the front pattern portion and the side pattern portion are integrally formed.
The corners of the boundary between the front pattern portion and the side pattern portion facing the mold body are chamfered to form a chamfered portion that does not abut on the bottom portion of the mold body and the movable rising portion. The mold according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
前記可動立ち上がり部を前記起立状態に維持可能に位置決めするとともに、前記可動立ち上がり部を所定の勾配状態に維持可能に位置決めする位置決め手段を備えることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項4のいずれかに記載の型枠。 Any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the movable rising portion is positioned so as to be able to be maintained in the upright state, and the movable rising portion is provided so as to be able to maintain the movable rising portion in a predetermined gradient state. The formwork described in. 請求項1から請求項5のいずれかの型枠を用いて、コンクリート製建材を成型するコンクリート製建材の製造方法であって、
前記可動立ち上がり部を起立状態に維持して、前記型枠の内部にコンクリートを打設する打設工程と、
前記型枠の内部の前記コンクリートが脱型可能な硬さとなるまで養生する養生工程と、
前記養生工程を経た前記型枠の前記可動立ち上がり部を勾配状態に傾けて維持する脱型準備工程と、
前記コンクリートが固まったコンクリート成型物を持ち上げて前記型枠から脱型する脱型工程と、
を含むことを特徴とするコンクリート製建材の製造方法。
A method for manufacturing a concrete building material for molding a concrete building material using any of the formwork of claims 1 to 5.
A casting process in which concrete is placed inside the formwork while maintaining the movable rising portion in an upright state.
A curing process in which the concrete inside the formwork is cured until it has a hardness that allows it to be removed.
A demolding preparation step of tilting and maintaining the movable rising portion of the formwork that has undergone the curing step, and a demolding preparation step.
The demolding process of lifting the concrete molded product from which the concrete has hardened and demolding it from the formwork,
A method for manufacturing a concrete building material, which comprises.
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JP2022156326A (en) * 2021-03-31 2022-10-14 積水ハウス株式会社 Flask automatic opening/closing system and building material production method

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JPS58145707U (en) * 1982-03-24 1983-09-30 株式会社三友クリエ−ト工芸 Formwork for concrete molding
JPH1088699A (en) * 1996-09-12 1998-04-07 Sekisui House Ltd Hollowed-out external wall panel
JPH1095008A (en) * 1996-09-24 1998-04-14 Ube Koki Kk Form for molding secondary concrete molding
JPH11207717A (en) * 1998-01-23 1999-08-03 Hiroyoshi Iwamoto Formwork for concrete article of manufacture
JP2000240191A (en) * 1998-12-25 2000-09-05 Sekisui Chem Co Ltd Wall panel and its manufacture

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2669366A1 (en) 2006-11-14 2008-05-22 Srb Construction Technologies Pty Ltd False formwork for moulding concrete panels

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JPS58145707U (en) * 1982-03-24 1983-09-30 株式会社三友クリエ−ト工芸 Formwork for concrete molding
JPH1088699A (en) * 1996-09-12 1998-04-07 Sekisui House Ltd Hollowed-out external wall panel
JPH1095008A (en) * 1996-09-24 1998-04-14 Ube Koki Kk Form for molding secondary concrete molding
JPH11207717A (en) * 1998-01-23 1999-08-03 Hiroyoshi Iwamoto Formwork for concrete article of manufacture
JP2000240191A (en) * 1998-12-25 2000-09-05 Sekisui Chem Co Ltd Wall panel and its manufacture

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2022156326A (en) * 2021-03-31 2022-10-14 積水ハウス株式会社 Flask automatic opening/closing system and building material production method
JP7290158B2 (en) 2021-03-31 2023-06-13 積水ハウス株式会社 Automatic formwork opening and closing system and method for manufacturing building materials

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