JP2021000801A - Woody building material manufacturing apparatus - Google Patents
Woody building material manufacturing apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- JP2021000801A JP2021000801A JP2019116474A JP2019116474A JP2021000801A JP 2021000801 A JP2021000801 A JP 2021000801A JP 2019116474 A JP2019116474 A JP 2019116474A JP 2019116474 A JP2019116474 A JP 2019116474A JP 2021000801 A JP2021000801 A JP 2021000801A
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- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 149
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011120 plywood Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001145 finger joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002648 laminated material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Veneer Processing And Manufacture Of Plywood (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、接着剤を介して重ねた複数の単位木材を加圧しつつ接着して製造する木質建材の製造装置に関する。製造する木質建材としては、合板、ＬＶＬ（Laminated Veneer Lumber、単板積層材）、ＣＬＴ（Cross Laminated Timber）、集成材、接着重ね梁等である。なお、本書においては、合板、ＬＶＬ、ＣＬＴ及び集成材を構成するラミナ等の板状単位木材、接着重ね梁を構成するエレメント等の角柱状単位木材を併せて単位木材と称する。 The present invention relates to an apparatus for producing a wood building material, which is produced by adhering a plurality of unit woods stacked with an adhesive while applying pressure. Examples of the wood building materials to be manufactured include plywood, LVL (Laminated Veneer Lumber, single plate laminated material), CLT (Cross Laminated Timber), laminated wood, and adhesive laminated beams. In this document, plate-shaped unit wood such as plywood, LVL, CLT and laminated timber, and prismatic unit wood such as elements constituting adhesive laminated beams are collectively referred to as unit wood.
複数の単位木材で構成される木質建材は、構造強度を予め設定できると共に木材の乾燥に基づく変形・割れ等が生じにくいことから、近年、構造材として多く利用されている。そして、構造材として利用する場合、構築する構造物のデザインや必要とされる強度に応じて、形状、断面積や長さが多種多様となる。そのため、デザイン、断面積、長さ等に応じて、接着剤を介して重ねた複数の単位木材を的確に且つ効率良く圧縮することができる木質建材製造装置が切望されている。 Wood-based building materials composed of a plurality of unit woods have been widely used as structural materials in recent years because the structural strength can be set in advance and deformation and cracking due to drying of the wood are unlikely to occur. When used as a structural material, the shape, cross-sectional area, and length vary widely depending on the design of the structure to be constructed and the required strength. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a wooden building material manufacturing apparatus capable of accurately and efficiently compressing a plurality of unit timbers stacked via an adhesive according to the design, cross-sectional area, length, and the like.
ラミナ等の板状の単位木材で木質建材を製造する木質建材製造装置においては、複数の単位木材を垂直方向（上下方向）に積層して重ね、該重ねた単位木材を垂直方向の両端から加圧する縦型製造装置と、複数の単位木材を水平方向（左右方向）に並列して重ね、該重ねた単位木材を水平方向の両端から加圧する横型製造装置とに大別される。 In a wood building material manufacturing apparatus that manufactures wood building materials from plate-shaped unit wood such as lamina, a plurality of unit woods are laminated and stacked in the vertical direction (vertical direction), and the stacked unit woods are added from both ends in the vertical direction. It is roughly classified into a vertical manufacturing apparatus for pressing and a horizontal manufacturing apparatus for stacking a plurality of unit timbers in parallel in the horizontal direction (horizontal direction) and pressurizing the stacked unit timbers from both ends in the horizontal direction.
縦型製造装置よりも横型製造装置の方が重ねた単位木材を安定して支持できると共に、単位木材の重ね厚を確保しやすく、大容積の構造用木質建材を製造するのに最適である。そして、横型製造装置として、下記特許文献１に示す製造装置が既知である。 The horizontal manufacturing equipment can more stably support the stacked unit wood than the vertical manufacturing equipment, and it is easy to secure the stacking thickness of the unit wood, which is most suitable for manufacturing a large-volume structural wood building material. Then, as the horizontal manufacturing apparatus, the manufacturing apparatus shown in Patent Document 1 below is known.
下記特許文献１の製造装置は、対向する一対の側壁部を着脱可能に設け、当該一対の側壁部を相互に接近させることにより、水平方向に重ねた板状の単位木材を加圧することができると共に加圧状態の単位木材をそのまま別所に移動できる構成となっている。 In the manufacturing apparatus of Patent Document 1 below, a pair of side wall portions facing each other are detachably provided, and the pair of side wall portions are brought close to each other to pressurize the horizontally stacked plate-shaped unit wood. At the same time, the unit wood under pressure can be moved to another place as it is.
上記特許文献１の製造装置にあっては、重ねた単位木材を一方の側壁部と他方の側壁部で加圧する、すなわち、単段の加圧手段しか備えていないため、上記特許文献１の〔請求項１１〕、段落〔００１５〕・〔００３９〕・〔００５１〕、図１・２・８等に開示されているように、水平方向に重ねた単位木材を複数段に配して、複数の木質建材を同時に製造できるとしても、結局、単位木材の重ね厚は同じでなければならない制約がある。 Since the manufacturing apparatus of Patent Document 1 is provided with only a single-stage pressurizing means for pressurizing the stacked unit wood at one side wall portion and the other side wall portion, that is, the above-mentioned Patent Document 1 [ As disclosed in claim 11], paragraphs [0015], [0039], [0051], FIGS. 1, 2, 8 and the like, a plurality of unit timbers stacked in the horizontal direction are arranged in a plurality of stages. Even if wood building materials can be manufactured at the same time, there is a restriction that the stacking thickness of unit wood must be the same after all.
また、上記特許文献１の製造装置における一対の側壁部は、単に加圧スペースの長手方向に沿って延びる板状部材であるから、例えばアーチ状の木質建材の製造には対応することができない。 Further, since the pair of side wall portions in the manufacturing apparatus of Patent Document 1 are simply plate-shaped members extending along the longitudinal direction of the pressurized space, they cannot be used for manufacturing, for example, an arch-shaped wooden building material.
本発明は、上記従来の木質建材製造装置の問題点を有効に解決し、単位木材の水平方向の重ね厚の異なる複数の木質建材を同時に製造することができると共に、特殊形状の木質建材をも適切に製造することができる木質建材製造装置を提供する。 The present invention can effectively solve the above-mentioned problems of the conventional wood building material manufacturing apparatus, can simultaneously manufacture a plurality of wood building materials having different horizontal stacking thicknesses of unit wood, and also can produce a wood building material having a special shape. Provided is a wooden building material manufacturing apparatus that can be appropriately manufactured.
要述すると、本発明に係る木質建材製造装置は、水平方向に重ねた複数の単位木材を加圧しつつ接着して木質建材を製造する木質建材製造装置であって、上記重ねた複数の単位木材を支持する床部と該床部から対向して立設された第一・第二側壁部と該第一・第二側壁部の上部同士を繋ぐ蓋部とで画成した直方体状の加圧室と、該加圧室の上記第一側壁部に水平方向に進退動可能に設けられ、上記第二側壁部に向けて進動することにより当該第二側壁部と協働して上記重ねた複数の単位木材を加圧する加圧盤部を有し、該加圧盤部を上記加圧室の上下方向に複数段設けると共に、該各段の加圧盤部を別々に進退動可能とする構成により、複数の木質建材を同時に製造できると共に当該複数の木質建材が単位木材の水平方向の重ね厚の異なるものであっても同時に製造することができる。また、加圧したい箇所の加圧盤部のみを制御することができ、特殊形状の木質建材を製造する際にも適切に対応することができる。 In short, the wood building material manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention is a wood building material manufacturing apparatus that manufactures wood building materials by pressurizing and adhering a plurality of unit woods stacked in the horizontal direction, and the above-mentioned plurality of stacked unit woods. A rectangular body-shaped pressurization defined by a floor portion that supports the floor, first and second side wall portions that are erected facing the floor portion, and a lid portion that connects the upper portions of the first and second side wall portions. The chamber and the first side wall portion of the pressurizing chamber are provided so as to be able to move forward and backward in the horizontal direction, and by advancing toward the second side wall portion, the above-mentioned overlapped with the second side wall portion. It has a pressure plate portion that pressurizes a plurality of unit wood, and the pressure plate portion is provided in a plurality of stages in the vertical direction of the pressure chamber, and the pressure plate portion of each stage can be moved forward and backward separately. A plurality of wood building materials can be manufactured at the same time, and even if the plurality of wood building materials have different horizontal stacking thicknesses of unit wood, they can be manufactured at the same time. In addition, it is possible to control only the pressure plate portion of the part to be pressurized, and it is possible to appropriately cope with the production of a wood building material having a special shape.
好ましくは、上記各段の加圧盤部を上記加圧室の長手方向に沿って複数設け、それぞれの加圧盤部を別々に進退動可能とする構成により、さらに細かく上記加圧盤部を制御することができる。 Preferably, a plurality of pressure plate portions of each stage are provided along the longitudinal direction of the pressure chamber, and each pressure plate portion can be moved forward and backward separately to control the pressure plate portion more finely. Can be done.
また、上記蓋部を開閉可能に設けると共に該蓋部に上記重ねた単位木材を押さえつける複数の押さえ盤部を上記加圧室の長手方向に沿って等間隔を置いて昇降動可能に設ける構成により、接着剤を介して重ねた単位木材の上記加圧室への搬入と、製造した木質建材の上記加圧室からの搬出を容易にすることができる一方、加圧時には上記押さえ盤部が上記重ねた単位木材を適切に押さえつけることができると共に上記床部と協働した垂直方向の加圧をも可能とする。 Further, the lid portion is provided so as to be openable and closable, and a plurality of pressing plate portions for pressing the stacked unit wood are provided on the lid portion so as to be able to move up and down at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction of the pressurizing chamber. It is possible to easily carry in the unit wood piled up via an adhesive into the pressurizing chamber and carry out the manufactured wood building material from the pressurizing chamber, while the holding plate portion is used during pressurization. It is possible to appropriately hold down the stacked unit wood and to pressurize in the vertical direction in cooperation with the floor.
また、上記第一側壁部の内面及び／又は上記第二側壁部の外面に温水用管を配管する構成により、上記加圧室内の空気を加温又は保温して、接着剤の硬化を促進することができる。 Further, by configuring the hot water pipe to be piped to the inner surface of the first side wall portion and / or the outer surface of the second side wall portion, the air in the pressurizing chamber is heated or kept warm to promote the curing of the adhesive. be able to.
また、上記床部に該床部の上面から一定の間隔を置いて上記重ねた複数の単位木材を支持する複数の間座を上記加圧室の長手方向に沿って等間隔を置いて設ける構成により、搬入・搬出の際に用いるスリング（帯材）を受け入れる空間を確保すると共に、風通しを良好にして接着剤の硬化促進に貢献することができる。 Further, the floor portion is provided with a plurality of spacers supporting the plurality of stacked unit timbers at regular intervals from the upper surface of the floor portion at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction of the pressurizing chamber. As a result, it is possible to secure a space for receiving the sling (strip material) used for loading and unloading, and to improve ventilation and contribute to the promotion of curing of the adhesive.
本発明に係る木質建材製造装置によれば、各段の加圧盤部を個別に進動させることができるため、単位木材の水平方向の重ね厚の異なる複数の木質建材を同時に製造することできると共に、特殊形状の木質建材をも適切に製造することができる。 According to the wood building material manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, since the pressure plate portion of each stage can be individually advanced, it is possible to simultaneously manufacture a plurality of wood building materials having different horizontal stacking thicknesses of unit wood. , Specially shaped wood building materials can also be manufactured appropriately.
また、全段の加圧盤部を同時進行させて大容積の木質建材を製造することもできる。 It is also possible to manufacture a large-volume wood building material by simultaneously advancing the pressure plate portions of all stages.
本発明に係る木質建材製造装置の最適な実施例を図１乃至図１２に基づき詳述する。 An optimum example of the wood building material manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 12.
〔木質建材製造装置の構造〕
本発明に係る木質建材製造装置１は、図１・図２に示すように、水平方向（左右方向）に並列し重ねた複数の単位木材ｗを加圧しつつ接着するための直方体状の加圧室２を備える。該加圧室２は、重ねた複数の単位木材ｗを支持する床部２ａと該床部２ａから対向して立設された第一・第二側壁部２ｂ・２ｃと該第一・第二側壁部２ｂ・２ｃの上部同士を繋ぐ蓋部２ｄとで画成する。換言すれば、加圧室２を床部２ａ、第一・第二側壁部２ｂ・２ｃ及び蓋部２ｄによって角筒状とし、重ねた複数の単位木材ｗの上下左右を長手方向に沿って覆うことができる。なお、床部２ａ、第一・第二側壁部２ｂ・２ｃ及び蓋部２ｄは、例えば鋼材を組み合わせて容易且つ強固に構築することができる。また、加圧室２の長手方向の長さは製造予定の木質建材に応じて自由に設定して構築することができる。また、蓋部２ｄは省略することも可能である。
[Structure of wood building material manufacturing equipment]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the wood building material manufacturing apparatus 1 according to the present invention pressurizes a plurality of unit woods w stacked in parallel in the horizontal direction (horizontal direction) while pressurizing them to bond them in a rectangular parallelepiped shape. It has a room 2. The pressurizing chamber 2 includes a floor portion 2a that supports a plurality of stacked unit timbers w, a first and second side wall portions 2b and 2c that are erected facing the floor portion 2a, and the first and second side walls. It is defined by the lid portion 2d that connects the upper portions of the side wall portions 2b and 2c. In other words, the pressurizing chamber 2 is formed into a square cylinder by the floor portion 2a, the first and second side wall portions 2b and 2c, and the lid portion 2d, and covers the upper, lower, left, and right sides of the plurality of stacked unit timbers along the longitudinal direction. be able to. The floor portion 2a, the first and second side wall portions 2b and 2c, and the lid portion 2d can be easily and firmly constructed by combining, for example, steel materials. Further, the length of the pressurizing chamber 2 in the longitudinal direction can be freely set and constructed according to the wooden building material to be manufactured. Further, the lid portion 2d can be omitted.
図１に示すように、加圧室２の蓋部２ｄは、開閉可能に軸支されており、既知のリンク機構を介した油圧ジャッキ等の開閉駆動装置Ｍ１によって開閉することができる。これにより、重ねた複数の単位木材ｗをクレーン等によって吊り下げて、容易に加圧室２へ搬入できると共に製造された木質建材の加圧室２からの搬出も容易にすることができる。また、このように、重ねた単位木材ｗ又は製造された木質建材を加圧室２に上から出し入れすることができるため、加圧室２の長手方向に沿って、重ねた単位木材ｗや製造された木質建材を出し入れする必要はない。よって、特に単位木材ｗの長さが長いときには、製造装置１の側方に単位木材ｗを重ねて待機させることができ、製造された木質建材を製造装置１の側方に容易に移動できるから、木質建材製造に必要なスペースを可及的に小さくすることが可能となる。 As shown in FIG. 1, the lid 2d of the pressurizing chamber 2 is pivotally supported so as to be openable and closable, and can be opened and closed by an opening / closing drive device M1 such as a hydraulic jack via a known link mechanism. As a result, the plurality of stacked unit timbers w can be hung by a crane or the like and easily carried into the pressurizing chamber 2, and the manufactured wood building material can be easily carried out from the pressurizing chamber 2. Further, since the stacked unit wood w or the manufactured wood building material can be taken in and out of the pressurizing chamber 2 from above in this way, the stacked unit wood w and the manufactured wood building material can be manufactured along the longitudinal direction of the pressurizing chamber 2. There is no need to put in and take out the wooden building materials. Therefore, especially when the length of the unit wood w is long, the unit wood w can be stacked on the side of the manufacturing apparatus 1 and made to stand by, and the manufactured wood building material can be easily moved to the side of the manufacturing apparatus 1. , It is possible to reduce the space required for manufacturing wood building materials as much as possible.
加えて、蓋部２ｄには、該蓋部２ｄの長手方向、つまり加圧室２の長手方向に沿って等間隔を置いて複数の押さえ盤部４が既知の油圧ジャッキ等から成る昇降動駆動装置Ｍ３により軸部４ａを介して昇降動可能に設けられている。該押さえ盤部４は、蓋部２ｄの内面において、後記する加圧盤部３の進退動スペースの上方を覆うように延びる帯状の部材であり、重ねた単位木材ｗを上から押さえつけ、重ねた単位木材ｗの並列状態が加圧時に乱れるのを適切に防止する。また、製造する木質建材によって水平方向（左右方向）の加圧のみならず、垂直方向（上下方向）の加圧が必要な場合には、床部２ａと協働して垂直方向の両側から単位木材ｗを加圧することもできる。 In addition, the lid portion 2d is driven by an ascending / descending drive in which a plurality of holding plate portions 4 are formed of known hydraulic jacks or the like at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction of the lid portion 2d, that is, the longitudinal direction of the pressurizing chamber 2. The device M3 is provided so as to be able to move up and down via the shaft portion 4a. The pressing plate portion 4 is a band-shaped member extending so as to cover the upper part of the advancing / retreating space of the pressing plate portion 3 described later on the inner surface of the lid portion 2d, and the stacked unit wood w is pressed from above and the stacked unit. Appropriately prevent the parallel state of the wood w from being disturbed during pressurization. In addition, when the wood building material to be manufactured requires not only horizontal (horizontal) pressurization but also vertical (vertical) pressurization, the unit is from both sides in the vertical direction in cooperation with the floor portion 2a. The wood w can also be pressurized.
また、図１・図２に示すように、加圧室２の第一側壁部２ｂには、水平方向に進退動可能に加圧盤部３が設けられている。該加圧盤部３は第二側壁部２ｃに向けて水平方向に進動し当該第二側壁部２ｃと協働して、重ねた単位木材ｗの水平方向の両端を加圧することができる。 Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the first side wall portion 2b of the pressurizing chamber 2 is provided with a pressurizing plate portion 3 that can move forward and backward in the horizontal direction. The pressurizing board portion 3 can move horizontally toward the second side wall portion 2c and cooperate with the second side wall portion 2c to pressurize both ends of the stacked unit wood w in the horizontal direction.
本発明にあっては、加圧盤部３を加圧室２の上下方向に複数段設けると共に、該各段の加圧盤部３を別々に進退動可能とする。本実施例においては、加圧盤部３を上下二段に設けた例を示しており、３Ａは上段の加圧盤部を示し、３Ｂは下段の加圧盤部を示している。なお、本発明にあっては、上下に三段以上の加圧盤部３を設けることも実施に応じ任意である。 In the present invention, the pressurizing plate 3 is provided in a plurality of stages in the vertical direction of the pressurizing chamber 2, and the pressurizing plate 3 in each stage can be moved forward and backward separately. In this embodiment, an example in which the pressure plate portion 3 is provided in two upper and lower stages is shown, 3A indicates an upper pressure plate portion, and 3B indicates a lower pressure plate portion. In the present invention, it is also optional to provide three or more stages of pressure plate portions 3 above and below depending on the implementation.
また、図２に示すように、好ましくは、各段の加圧盤部３は加圧室２の長手方向に沿って等間隔を置いて複数設け、それぞれの加圧盤部３を別々に進退動可能とする。 Further, as shown in FIG. 2, preferably, a plurality of pressure plate portions 3 in each stage are provided at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction of the pressure chamber 2, and each pressure plate portion 3 can be moved forward and backward separately. And.
各加圧盤部３は、軸部３ａを介して第一側壁部２ｂの外方に設けられた油圧ジャッキ等の進退動駆動装置Ｍ２とそれぞれ連結しており、当該各進退動駆動装置Ｍ２にて個別に制御されている。よって、各段の加圧盤部３を第二側壁部２ｃへ向けて同時に進動させることは勿論のこと、別々に進動させることや進動量を別々に設定することができる。また、当然に退動も同様に制御することができる。 Each pressurizing plate portion 3 is connected to an advancing / retreating drive device M2 such as a hydraulic jack provided on the outer side of the first side wall portion 2b via a shaft portion 3a, and the advancing / retreating drive device M2 is used. It is controlled individually. Therefore, it is possible to advance the pressurizing plate portion 3 of each stage toward the second side wall portion 2c at the same time, advance the pressurizing plate portion 3 separately, and set the advance movement amount separately. Naturally, the retreat can be controlled in the same manner.
また、既述の押さえ盤部４は、図３に示すように、加圧室２の長手方向に沿った加圧盤部３の配設間隔内に配設することが望ましい。これにより、押さえ盤部４の昇降動の軌道と加圧盤部３の水平方向の進退動の軌道とを交叉しないようにし、押さえ盤部４と加圧盤部３とを自由に動作させることができる。 Further, as shown in FIG. 3, it is desirable that the above-mentioned pressing plate portion 4 is arranged within the arrangement interval of the pressing plate portion 3 along the longitudinal direction of the pressurizing chamber 2. As a result, the ascending / descending trajectory of the pressing plate 4 and the horizontal advancing / retreating trajectory of the pressing plate 3 are prevented from intersecting, and the pressing plate 4 and the pressing plate 3 can be freely operated. ..
また、図１乃至図３に示すように、第一側壁部２ｂの内面に長手方向に沿って複数の温水用管５を配管すると共に、第二側壁部２ｃの外面に長手方向に沿って複数の温水用管５を配管して、加圧室２内の空気を温めて、或いは加圧室２内の空気の温度を保ち、接着剤の硬化を促進することができる。温水用管５として、好ましくは、内部に互い違いにフィンを有する管を用い、温水を蛇行させて効率良く空気を温めることができるようにする。なお、第一側壁部２ｂの内面のみ、又は、第二側壁部２ｃの外面のみに温水用管５を配管することを排除しない。 Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a plurality of hot water pipes 5 are piped along the longitudinal direction on the inner surface of the first side wall portion 2b, and a plurality of hot water pipes 5 are laid on the outer surface of the second side wall portion 2c along the longitudinal direction. The hot water pipe 5 of the above can be piped to warm the air in the pressurizing chamber 2 or maintain the temperature of the air in the pressurizing chamber 2 to accelerate the curing of the adhesive. As the hot water pipe 5, preferably, pipes having fins alternately inside are used so that the hot water can meander to heat the air efficiently. It is not excluded that the hot water pipe 5 is installed only on the inner surface of the first side wall portion 2b or only on the outer surface of the second side wall portion 2c.
また、加圧室２の床部２ａには、重ねた単位木材を床部２ａの上面から一定の間隔を置いて支持する間座６を設ける。間座６は床部２ａの短手方向に伸びるリブ状を呈し、床部２ａの長手方向、つまり加圧室２の長手方向に沿って等間隔を置いて複数設ける。これにより、単位木材搬入や木質建材搬出の際にクレーン等によって吊り下げるときに使用するスリング（帯材）を受け入れる空間を確保すると共に風通しを良好にして接着剤の硬化促進に貢献することができる。好ましくは、間座６に風通し孔６ａを設けて、より風通しを良好にする。 Further, the floor portion 2a of the pressurizing chamber 2 is provided with a spacer 6 that supports the stacked unit wood at a certain interval from the upper surface of the floor portion 2a. The spacers 6 have a rib shape extending in the lateral direction of the floor portion 2a, and a plurality of seats 6 are provided at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction of the floor portion 2a, that is, the longitudinal direction of the pressurizing chamber 2. As a result, it is possible to secure a space for receiving a sling (belt) used when suspending by a crane or the like when carrying in a unit of timber or carrying out a wooden building material, and to improve ventilation and contribute to promotion of hardening of the adhesive. .. Preferably, the spacer 6 is provided with a ventilation hole 6a to improve ventilation.
なお、図３に示すように、加圧室２の長手方向に沿った押さえ盤部４及び間座６の設置間隔を同一に設定するのが望ましい。安定且つ効率的に単位木材ｗを整列させることができるためである。 As shown in FIG. 3, it is desirable to set the installation intervals of the holding plate portion 4 and the spacer 6 along the longitudinal direction of the pressurizing chamber 2 to be the same. This is because the unit wood w can be aligned stably and efficiently.
〔木質建材製造装置による木質建材の製造方法〕
次に、上記構成を備える本発明に係る木質建材製造装置１を用いた木質建材の製造方法について説明する。
[Manufacturing method of wood building materials by wood building material manufacturing equipment]
Next, a method for manufacturing a wood building material using the wood building material manufacturing apparatus 1 according to the present invention having the above configuration will be described.
〔板状の単位木材で構成する木質建材の製造方法〕
ラミナや薄板等の板状の単位木材ｗで構成する木質建材、すなわち合板、ＬＶＬ、ＣＬＴ及び集成材等の木質建材を製造する場合について説明する。
[Manufacturing method of wood building materials composed of plate-shaped unit wood]
A case of manufacturing a wood building material composed of a plate-shaped unit wood w such as a lamina or a thin plate, that is, a wood building material such as plywood, LVL, CLT and laminated wood will be described.
製造する木質建材が集成材の場合は、まず、フィンガージョイント等の既知の接合方法により接合し又は既知の切断方法により切断して所望の長さにした板状の単位木材ｗを作製し、該作製した多数の単位木材ｗを水平方向に並列して重ねる。この際に隣接する単位木材ｗ間にはエポキシ樹脂等から成る既知の接着剤を介在させる。なお、製造する木質建材がＣＬＴの場合には、水平方向に隣り合う単位木材ｗは直交するように並列して重ねつつ接着剤を介在させることとなる。また、製造する木質建材が合板やＬＶＬの場合には、単に板状の単位木材ｗを接着剤を介して重ねる。 When the wood building material to be manufactured is laminated wood, first, a plate-shaped unit wood w having a desired length is produced by joining by a known joining method such as a finger joint or cutting by a known cutting method. A large number of prepared unit woods w are stacked in parallel in the horizontal direction. At this time, a known adhesive made of an epoxy resin or the like is interposed between the adjacent unit woods w. When the wood building material to be manufactured is CLT, the unit woods w adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction are laminated in parallel so as to be orthogonal to each other, and the adhesive is interposed. When the wood building material to be manufactured is plywood or LVL, the plate-shaped unit wood w is simply laminated via an adhesive.
そして、木質建材製造装置１の開閉駆動装置Ｍ１により蓋部２ｄを開放し加圧室２内に、上記のように重ねた単位木材ｗをスリングを利用してクレーン等で吊り下げながら搬入する。 Then, the lid portion 2d is opened by the opening / closing drive device M1 of the wooden building material manufacturing apparatus 1, and the unit wood w stacked as described above is carried into the pressurizing chamber 2 while being suspended by a crane or the like using a sling.
次に、開閉駆動装置Ｍ１により蓋部２ｄを閉じ、図４に示すように、重ねた単位木材ｗを床部２ａに間座６を介して支持すると共に押さえ盤部４を降動させて、重ねた単位木材ｗの上部を押さえつけた後、加圧盤部３を進動させることによって、当該加圧盤部３と第二側壁部２ｃとが協働して、重ねた単位木材ｗを水平方向の両端から加圧する。また、この際には温水用管５内に温水を流すと共に、好ましくは、加圧室２の長手方向の両端を板材等で塞いで、接着剤の硬化促進を図る。 Next, the lid portion 2d is closed by the opening / closing drive device M1, and as shown in FIG. 4, the stacked unit timber w is supported on the floor portion 2a via the precession 6, and the holding plate portion 4 is lowered. After pressing the upper part of the stacked unit wood w, the pressure plate portion 3 is advanced, so that the pressure plate portion 3 and the second side wall portion 2c cooperate with each other to move the stacked unit wood w in the horizontal direction. Pressurize from both ends. Further, at this time, hot water is allowed to flow into the hot water pipe 5, and preferably, both ends of the pressurizing chamber 2 in the longitudinal direction are closed with a plate material or the like to promote the curing of the adhesive.
図４に示すように、接着する板状の単位木材ｗが低背の場合（垂直方向の幅が狭い場合）には、下段の加圧盤部３Ｂのみを進動させることにより、加圧盤部３Ｂが第二側壁部２ｃと協働して、重ねた単位木材ｗを適切に加圧し接着することができる。 As shown in FIG. 4, when the plate-shaped unit wood w to be bonded is low in height (when the width in the vertical direction is narrow), the pressure plate portion 3B is moved by advancing only the lower pressure plate portion 3B. Can cooperate with the second side wall portion 2c to appropriately pressurize and bond the stacked unit wood w.
また、図５に示すように、上段の加圧盤部３Ａと下段の加圧盤部３Ｂとを別々の進動量で進動させて、単位木材ｗの重ね厚が異なる二つの木質建材を同時に製造することもできる。さらに、図６に示すように、上段の加圧盤部３Ａと下段の加圧盤部３Ｂとを別々の進動量で進動させると共に、加圧盤部３Ａと加圧盤部３Ｂのそれぞれが二つの木質建材を同時製造するようにすれば、合計四つの木質建材を同時に製造することもできる。このように、複数の木質建材を製造する場合、上段の重ねた単位木材ｗと下段の重ねた単位木材ｗ間には角柱状又は帯状のスペーサー７を介在させることができる。 Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the upper pressure plate portion 3A and the lower pressure plate portion 3B are advanced by different advancing amounts to simultaneously manufacture two wood building materials having different stacking thicknesses of the unit wood w. You can also do it. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the upper pressure plate portion 3A and the lower pressure plate portion 3B are advanced by different momentums, and the pressure plate portion 3A and the pressure plate portion 3B are each made of two wood-based building materials. It is also possible to manufacture a total of four wooden building materials at the same time by simultaneously manufacturing. In this way, when a plurality of woody building materials are manufactured, a prismatic or strip-shaped spacer 7 can be interposed between the upper stacked unit wood w and the lower stacked unit wood w.
また、図７に示すように、接着する板状の単位木材ｗが高背の場合（垂直方向の幅が広い場合）には、上段の加圧盤部３Ａと下段の加圧盤３Ｂの双方を同時に進動させることにより、加圧盤部３Ａ及び加圧盤部３Ｂが第二側壁部２ｃと協働して、重ねた単位木材ｗを適切に加圧し接着することができる。 Further, as shown in FIG. 7, when the plate-shaped unit wood w to be bonded is tall (when the width in the vertical direction is wide), both the upper pressure plate portion 3A and the lower pressure plate 3B are simultaneously used. By advancing, the pressure plate portion 3A and the pressure plate portion 3B can cooperate with the second side wall portion 2c to appropriately press and bond the stacked unit wood w.
また、図８に示すように、製造した木質建材Ｗ同士を接着する、いわゆる二次接着も行うことができ、この二次接着の場合も加圧盤部３Ａと加圧盤部３Ｂの双方が第二側壁部２ｃと協働して加圧することができる。なお、図８においては、木質建材Ｗとして集成材を示しているが、その他の合板、ＬＶＬ、ＣＬＴ等の木質建材においても同様に二次接着することができることは勿論である。 Further, as shown in FIG. 8, so-called secondary bonding, in which the manufactured wood building materials W are bonded to each other, can also be performed, and in the case of this secondary bonding, both the pressure board portion 3A and the pressure board portion 3B are second. Pressurization can be performed in cooperation with the side wall portion 2c. Although laminated wood is shown as the wood building material W in FIG. 8, it goes without saying that other wood building materials such as plywood, LVL, and CLT can be similarly secondarily bonded.
さらに、図９・図１０に示すように、上段の加圧盤部３Ａでアーチ状のような特殊形状の木質建材を製造することができ、同時に別形状の木質建材を下段の加圧盤部３Ｂで製造することができる。すなわち、図９に示すように、上段の各加圧盤部３Ａの進動量を調整しつつ当て木８を介して単位木材ｗをアーチ状に加圧することにより、アーチ状の木質建材を製造することができる一方、下段の加圧盤部３Ｂで直接単位木材ｗを加圧することができ、別形状の木質建材を同時に製造することができる。 Further, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, it is possible to manufacture a wood building material having a special shape such as an arch in the upper pressure plate portion 3A, and at the same time, another shape of the wood building material can be produced in the lower pressure plate portion 3B. Can be manufactured. That is, as shown in FIG. 9, an arch-shaped wood building material is manufactured by pressurizing the unit wood w in an arch shape through the batten 8 while adjusting the amount of advancement of each pressure plate portion 3A in the upper stage. On the other hand, the unit wood w can be directly pressed by the lower pressure plate portion 3B, and a wood building material having a different shape can be manufactured at the same time.
また、図１０に示すように、製造する木質建材がＣＬＴの場合には、上段の加圧盤部３Ａ及び下段の加圧盤部３Ｂと第二側壁部２ｃによる水平方向の加圧と、押さえ盤部４と床部２ａによる垂直方向の加圧を同時に行うことができる。この場合、シート状のスペーサー７により押さえ盤部４及び床部２ａによる加圧が効率良く伝わるようにする。 Further, as shown in FIG. 10, when the wooden building material to be manufactured is CLT, horizontal pressure is applied by the upper pressure plate portion 3A, the lower pressure plate portion 3B, and the second side wall portion 2c, and the holding plate portion. Vertical pressurization by 4 and the floor portion 2a can be performed at the same time. In this case, the sheet-shaped spacer 7 allows the pressurization by the pressing plate portion 4 and the floor portion 2a to be efficiently transmitted.
〔角柱状の単位木材で構成する木質建材の製造方法〕
本発明に係る木質建材製造装置１においては、具体的には図示しないが、無垢材のエレメント等の角柱状の単位木材ｗで構成する木質建材、すなわち接着重ね梁等の木質建材を製造する場合においても、板状単位木材で木質建材を製造するときと同様に、水平方向に並列して重ねた角柱状単位木材ｗを適切に加圧することができる。また、接着剤を介在させる工程、温水を流す工程、加圧室２の長手方向の両端を板材等で塞ぐ工程については、板状単位木材で木質建材を製造する場合と同様であるので、ここでは説明を割愛する。
[Manufacturing method of wood building materials composed of square columnar unit wood]
In the wood building material manufacturing apparatus 1 according to the present invention, although not specifically shown, a case of manufacturing a wood building material composed of a prismatic unit wood w such as a solid wood element, that is, a wood building material such as an adhesive laminated beam. In the same manner as in the case of producing a wooden building material from plate-shaped unit wood, it is possible to appropriately pressurize the prismatic unit wood w stacked in parallel in the horizontal direction. Further, the steps of interposing an adhesive, flowing hot water, and closing both ends of the pressurizing chamber 2 in the longitudinal direction with a plate material or the like are the same as in the case of manufacturing a wooden building material from a plate-shaped unit wood. I will omit the explanation.
また、下段の加圧盤部３Ｂと第二側壁部２ｃによる水平方向の加圧と、押さえ盤部４と床部２ａによる垂直方向の加圧を同時に行うことにより、例えば図１１に示すように、テトラポール型の接着重ね梁（木質建材）とツインビーム型の接着重ね梁（木質建材）とを同時に製造することができる。この場合においても、シート状のスペーサー７を利用すれば加圧が効率良く伝わる。 Further, by simultaneously performing the horizontal pressurization by the lower pressurizing board portion 3B and the second side wall portion 2c and the vertical pressurizing by the pressing board portion 4 and the floor portion 2a, for example, as shown in FIG. A tetrapole type adhesive lap beam (wooden building material) and a twin beam type adhesive lap beam (wooden building material) can be manufactured at the same time. Even in this case, if the sheet-shaped spacer 7 is used, the pressurization is efficiently transmitted.
以上のとおり、本発明に係る木質建材製造装置１は、各段の加圧盤部３を個別に進動させることができるため、単位木材ｗの重ね厚の異なる複数の木質建材を同時に製造することできると共に、特殊形状の木質建材をも適切に製造することができる。 As described above, since the wood building material manufacturing apparatus 1 according to the present invention can individually advance the pressure plate portion 3 of each stage, it is possible to simultaneously manufacture a plurality of wood building materials having different layers of unit wood w. At the same time, it is possible to appropriately manufacture a wood building material having a special shape.
加えて、加圧盤部３は加圧室２の長手方向に沿って複数設け、同じ段の加圧盤部３であっても、長手方向に沿ったそれぞれの加圧盤部３を別々に制御することができる。よって、単位木材ｗの長手方向の長さや製造する木質建材の形状に応じて、必要な加圧盤部３のみを制御することができる。 In addition, a plurality of pressure plate portions 3 are provided along the longitudinal direction of the pressurizing chamber 2, and even if the pressure plate portions 3 are in the same stage, each pressure plate portion 3 along the longitudinal direction is controlled separately. Can be done. Therefore, it is possible to control only the necessary pressure plate portion 3 according to the length of the unit wood w in the longitudinal direction and the shape of the wood building material to be manufactured.
また、全段の加圧盤部３を同時進行させて大容積の木質建材を製造することや二次接着することもできる。 Further, it is also possible to manufacture a large-volume wood building material or to perform secondary bonding by simultaneously advancing the pressure plate portions 3 of all stages.
１…木質建材製造装置、２…加圧室、２ａ…床部、２ｂ…第一側壁部、２ｃ…第二側壁部、２ｄ…蓋部、３…加圧盤部、３Ａ…上段の加圧盤部、３Ｂ…下段の加圧盤部、３ａ…軸部、４…押さえ盤部、４ａ…軸部、５…温水用管、６…間座、６ａ…風通し孔、７…スペーサー、８…当て木、Ｍ１…開閉駆動装置、Ｍ２…進退動駆動装置、Ｍ３…昇降動駆動装置、ｗ…単位木材、Ｗ…木質建材。 1 ... Wood building material manufacturing equipment, 2 ... Pressurizing chamber, 2a ... Floor, 2b ... First side wall, 2c ... Second side wall, 2d ... Lid, 3 ... Pressurizing board, 3A ... Upper pressurizing board , 3B ... Lower pressure plate part, 3a ... Shaft part, 4 ... Holding plate part, 4a ... Shaft part, 5 ... Hot water pipe, 6 ... Spatula, 6a ... Ventilation hole, 7 ... Spacer, 8 ... Batten, M1 ... Open / close drive device, M2 ... Advance / retreat drive device, M3 ... Lifting / moving drive device, w ... Unit wood, W ... Wood building material.
要述すると、本発明に係る木質建材製造装置は、水平方向に重ねた複数の単位木材を加圧しつつ接着して木質建材を製造する木質建材製造装置であって、上記重ねた複数の単位木材を支持する床部と該床部から対向して立設された第一・第二側壁部と該第一・第二側壁部の上部同士を繋ぐ蓋部とで画成した直方体状の加圧室と、該加圧室の上記第一側壁部に水平方向に進退動可能に設けられ、上記第二側壁部に向けて進動することにより当該第二側壁部と協働して上記重ねた複数の単位木材を加圧する加圧盤部を有し、該加圧盤部を上記加圧室の上下方向に複数段設けると共に、該各段の加圧盤部を別々に進退動可能とする構成により、複数の木質建材を同時に製造できると共に当該複数の木質建材が単位木材の水平方向の重ね厚の異なるものであっても同時に製造することができる。また、加圧したい箇所の加圧盤部のみを制御することができ、特殊形状の木質建材を製造する際にも適切に対応することができる。さらに、上記蓋部を開閉可能に設けたことにより、接着剤を介して重ねた単位木材の上記加圧室への搬入と、製造した木質建材の上記加圧室からの搬出を容易にすることができる。
In short, the wood building material manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention is a wood building material manufacturing apparatus that manufactures wood building materials by pressurizing and adhering a plurality of unit woods stacked in the horizontal direction, and the above-mentioned plurality of stacked unit woods. A rectangular body-shaped pressurization defined by a floor portion that supports the floor, first and second side wall portions that are erected facing the floor portion, and a lid portion that connects the upper portions of the first and second side wall portions. The chamber and the first side wall portion of the pressurizing chamber are provided so as to be able to advance and retreat in the horizontal direction, and by advancing toward the second side wall portion, the above-mentioned overlapped with the second side wall portion. It has a pressure plate portion that pressurizes a plurality of unit wood, and the pressure plate portion is provided in a plurality of stages in the vertical direction of the pressure chamber, and the pressure plate portion of each stage can be moved forward and backward separately. A plurality of wood building materials can be manufactured at the same time, and even if the plurality of wood building materials have different horizontal stacking thicknesses of unit wood, they can be manufactured at the same time. In addition, it is possible to control only the pressure plate portion of the part to be pressurized, and it is possible to appropriately cope with the production of a wood building material having a special shape. Further, by providing the lid portion so as to be openable and closable, it is possible to easily carry in the unit wood piled up via an adhesive into the pressurizing chamber and to carry out the manufactured wood building material from the pressurizing chamber. Can be done.
また、上記蓋部に上記重ねた単位木材を押さえつける複数の押さえ盤部を上記加圧室の長手方向に沿って等間隔を置いて昇降動可能に設ける構成により、加圧時には上記押さえ盤部が上記重ねた単位木材を適切に押さえつけることができると共に上記床部と協働した垂直方向の加圧をも可能とする。
Further, the configuration of providing a plurality of pressing platen for pressing the superimposed unit timber to the lid to be moved up and down at regular intervals along the longitudinal direction of the pressurizing chamber, the pressurizing said pressing plate portion The stacked unit wood can be appropriately pressed down, and vertical pressurization in cooperation with the floor can be performed.
Claims (5)
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| JPS53113477U (en) * | 1976-09-06 | 1978-09-09 | ||
| JPH05329809A (en) * | 1992-06-03 | 1993-12-14 | Hitachi Zosen Corp | Wood compacting apparatus |
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