JP2012148506A - Laminated material - Google Patents

Laminated material Download PDF

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JP2012148506A
JP2012148506A JP2011009545A JP2011009545A JP2012148506A JP 2012148506 A JP2012148506 A JP 2012148506A JP 2011009545 A JP2011009545 A JP 2011009545A JP 2011009545 A JP2011009545 A JP 2011009545A JP 2012148506 A JP2012148506 A JP 2012148506A
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wood
plastic
plastic working
specific gravity
core material
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Takayuki Ito
隆行 伊藤
Takashi Aono
高志 青野
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Mywood2 Corp
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce the cup volume of a design surface of a surface plastic working material by a mechanical laminated structure.SOLUTION: A laminated material includes: a surface plastic working material SPW wherein wood thickness is compressed in a heating state, consolidation process is carried out and the air dried specific gravity is made ≥0.7; an inner layer plywood IPW in that the length directions of grains of opposing surfaces of the surface plastic working material SPW are orthogonal each other and facing surface grain length direction, and laminate bonding is carried out so that the length direction of the grains of opposing surfaces are orthogonalized each other and connected to one surface of the surface plastic working material SPW assuming the thickness of the veneer in the range of 2-5 mm; and a plastic working core material NCW in that the thickness of the wood material is compressed in a heating state and consolidation process is carried out and the air dried specific gravity is made ≥0.5, and comprises one or more pieces connected so that the length directions of the grains of the opposing surfaces of the surface plastic working material SPW sides of the inner layer plywood IPW are mutually orthogonalized.

Description

本発明は、表層部分に圧密成形した塑性加工木材を使用し、内層部分にロータリーレースで針葉樹の丸太を回転させながら外周から切削してなる単板を積層してなる合板を使用した積層材に関するものであり、特に、従来のラワン合板に代わってスギ材、ヒノキ材等の針葉樹の有効活用を図ることができ、例えば、床材、腰板、テーブルの天板等の各種用途に利用することができる積層材に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a laminated material using a plywood formed by laminating a single plate cut from the outer periphery while rotating a softwood log with a rotary lace using a plastically processed wood that is compacted in the surface layer portion. In particular, it is possible to effectively use coniferous trees such as cedar and cypress instead of the conventional lauan plywood. For example, it can be used for various applications such as flooring, waistboard, and table top. The present invention relates to a laminate material that can be produced.

従来、木材の樹種として、例えば、スギ材、ヒノキ材のように低密度で硬度が不足しているものにあっては、圧縮して高密度化すれば実用に耐え得る硬度となることが知られている。
ところが、木材の価格は一般に、元の木材の体積を基準として流通しており、木材の圧密加工にかかる種々の費用を加味して算出される価格は、圧縮して高密度化することで低下した木材の体積に見合うだけの付加価値が認められないことから余り高く設定できない。
このため、このように圧縮して高密度化された木材は、圧縮が施されていない基材(合板)との組み合わせによる積層構造として製品化されることが多かった。
Conventionally, wood trees that have low density and insufficient hardness, such as cedar and cypress, are known to have a hardness that can withstand practical use if they are compressed and densified. It has been.
However, the price of timber is generally distributed based on the volume of the original timber, and the price calculated taking into account various costs for compacting the timber is reduced by compressing and densifying. It is not possible to set the value too high because there is no value added to match the volume of the finished wood.
For this reason, the wood that has been compressed and densified in this way has often been commercialized as a laminated structure in combination with a base material (plywood) that has not been compressed.

ここで、スギ材等の針葉樹にあっては、そのままでは、低比重で強度や剛性に欠けることから、また、年輪に起因する密度ばらつきがあり部分によって含水率が異なる、年輪による旋回木理等に起因して変形しやすいことから、更には、スギ材等の丸太をロータリーレースで切削した場合に、裏割れが生じやすいことから、合板として用いるのが困難であった。このため、従来から、圧縮して高密度化された木材に組み合わされる木材としては、主に、節や年輪がなく狂い等の変形が少ないラワン合板が用いられてきた。   Here, in the case of conifers such as cedar, as it is, it has low specific gravity and lacks strength and rigidity, and there is density variation due to annual rings, and the moisture content varies depending on the part. It is difficult to use as a plywood because it is easy to deform due to the above, and further, when a log such as cedar is cut with a rotary race, a back crack is likely to occur. For this reason, conventionally, as the wood combined with the compressed and densified wood, lauan plywood has been mainly used which has no knots and annual rings and has little deformation such as madness.

しかし、近年、ラワン材は乱伐採のため急激に減少しており、しかも、一度伐採してしまうと再生が困難であることから、その伐採が制限されている。このため、ラワン材以外の木質材料の使用が要望されている。
一方、我が国においては、適宜計画伐採や間伐等で比較的安定に入手し易い環境下にあり、再生産が容易にできるスギ材等の針葉樹の有効活用が求められている。その背景には、特に1940年代に盛んに植林されたスギ材等の針葉樹の成長が進んでその伐採時期になったが、国内林業の衰退、林業離れもあって、それら針葉樹が放置されている状態となっていることにもある。
However, in recent years, the number of lauan timber has been drastically reduced due to over-cutting, and since it is difficult to regenerate once it has been cut, its cutting is limited. For this reason, the use of woody materials other than lauan is desired.
On the other hand, in Japan, there is a need for effective use of coniferous trees such as cedar that can be easily re-produced in an environment where they can be obtained relatively stably by planned logging or thinning. In the background, the growth of conifers such as cedar wood that was actively planted in the 1940's has progressed to the logging stage. It is also in a state.

ところで、ラワン材の上記現状に鑑み、ラワン合板を用いずに、植林木、造林木、早生樹等の低比重材を用いた積層材として、例えば、特許文献1が挙げられる。特許文献1においては、比重0.45以下の低比重板(合板)の上に、この比重0.45以下の低比重材が圧密化された比重0.5以上の圧密化板を積層し、更に、それらの上に、木質繊維板を積層することで、耐凹み性を向上させ、従来柔らか過ぎて床材用の基材として利用されなかった低比重材を用いることができ、木材の有効利用を図ることができるとしている。   By the way, in view of the above-mentioned present situation of Lauan wood, Patent Document 1 is an example of a laminated material using low specific gravity materials such as afforestation trees, afforestation trees, and fast-growing trees without using Lauan plywood. In Patent Document 1, on a low specific gravity plate (plywood) having a specific gravity of 0.45 or less, a compacted plate having a specific gravity of 0.5 or more obtained by consolidating a low specific gravity material having a specific gravity of 0.45 or less is laminated, Furthermore, by layering wood fiberboard on them, the dent resistance is improved, and it is possible to use a low specific gravity material that has been too soft and not used as a base material for flooring. It can be used.

ところが、特許文献1においては、比重0.45以下の低比重合板、比重0.5以上の圧密化板及び木質繊維板の3種類の異なった加工が施された木材を使用することになるから、それら互いの接合面で膨張率及び収縮率が大きく異なることになり、そのために周囲環境条件の変化によって大きな歪みや変形が生じて寸法形状安定性が大きく損なわれることが予測される。また、特許文献1によれば、圧密化板の上に木質繊維板を積層することで、耐凹み性を確保できるとしていても、3種類の加工木材を使用していることから、製造に手間がかかると共に、低コスト化が困難である。
なお、特許文献1においては、下層に所定の抗張力及び防湿性を有する裏打ち層を設けることによって、床材の有害なカップ量を小さくする技術が記載されている。かかる手段では周囲環境の乾燥による変化に対応できず、裏打ち層との接着面に大きなストレスがかかってクラックが生じやすくなる可能性がある。また、裏打ち層を設ける場合、一段とコストが高くなってしまう。
そこで、本出願人はかかる不具合を解決すべく、傷跡や凹みが付き難く、十分な強度や剛性を有し、また、製品化後に周囲環境条件が変化した場合における寸法形状変化を防止でき、更に、低コスト化及び製造の容易化が可能であり、スギ材、ヒノキ材等の針葉樹の有効活用を図ることができる積層材を特許文献2として提供した。
However, in Patent Document 1, wood subjected to three different types of processing, a low specific polymerization board having a specific gravity of 0.45 or less, a consolidated board having a specific gravity of 0.5 or more, and a wood fiber board is used. The expansion rate and the shrinkage rate are greatly different at the joint surfaces of the two, and therefore, it is predicted that the dimensional shape stability is greatly impaired due to a large distortion or deformation caused by a change in ambient environmental conditions. Further, according to Patent Document 1, even if the dent resistance can be ensured by laminating the wood fiber board on the consolidated board, since three kinds of processed wood are used, it is troublesome to manufacture. And cost reduction is difficult.
Note that Patent Document 1 describes a technique for reducing the harmful cup amount of a flooring material by providing a backing layer having predetermined tensile strength and moisture resistance as a lower layer. Such means cannot cope with a change in the surrounding environment due to drying, and a large stress is applied to the adhesive surface with the backing layer, which may easily cause cracks. In addition, when the backing layer is provided, the cost is further increased.
Therefore, in order to solve such a problem, the present applicant is difficult to have scars and dents, has sufficient strength and rigidity, and can prevent changes in dimensions and shape when the ambient environment conditions change after commercialization. Patent Document 2 provides a laminated material that can be manufactured at low cost and can be easily manufactured, and can effectively use coniferous trees such as cedar and cypress.

特許文献2の発明の積層材によれば、表層塑性加工材は、木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向の加熱圧縮により、厚み全体が圧縮され、塑性加工されてその気乾比重を0.7以上としたものであるから、表層塑性加工材における細胞壁を構成する成分の構造が密となって硬度や耐摩耗性等が著しく向上しており、傷跡や凹みが極めて付き難くなっている。そして、前記表層塑性加工材に接合される内層合板は、複数枚の非圧縮の針葉樹の単板が互いの木目の長さ方向が直交するように接着されて複数枚積層され、かつ、前記表層塑性加工材に接合される接合側単板以外の単板の厚みが2mm〜4mmの範囲内にあることから、比重が小さくて強度や剛性が小さいという針葉樹の単板の欠点が補完されて、荷重等の外力が加えられた場合でもクラックが生じることがなく十分な強度や剛性を有すると共に、周囲環境条件の変化によって各針葉樹の単板にそれを変形させようとする力(膨張収縮力)が生じても、各針葉樹の単板が相互に作用しあい打ち消し合うことでバランスがとれて、寸法形状変化が防止される。   According to the laminated material of the invention of Patent Document 2, the surface plastic working material is compressed by heating and compressing in the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain, and is subjected to plastic working to reduce its air-drying specific gravity. Since it is 0.7 or more, the structure of the component constituting the cell wall in the surface plastic working material becomes dense, and the hardness and wear resistance are remarkably improved, and scars and dents are hardly attached. Yes. And, the inner plywood bonded to the surface plastic working material, a plurality of uncompressed coniferous veneers are laminated so that the length direction of each grain is orthogonal, and a plurality of layers are laminated, and the surface layer Since the thickness of the single plate other than the bonded single plate to be joined to the plastic work material is in the range of 2 mm to 4 mm, the disadvantage of the single plate of conifers that the specific gravity is small and the strength and rigidity are small is complemented, Even when an external force such as a load is applied, cracks do not occur and it has sufficient strength and rigidity, and is a force that tries to deform it into a single veneer of each conifer by changing environmental conditions (expansion and contraction force) Even if this occurs, the single plates of the conifers interact with each other and cancel each other, thereby achieving balance and preventing dimensional changes.

更に、内層合板の寸法形状変化が防止されることで、内層合板の表層塑性加工材への影響も少なくて表層塑性加工材とのバランスもよく、特に、この内層合板は表層塑性加工材に両者の接合面において互いの木目の長さ方向が直交するように接合されていることから、内層合板と表層塑性加工材とが相互に作用し合って一段と良好なバランスとなり、積層材全体の寸法形状変化が防止される。加えて、このように表層塑性加工材及び内層合板の2種類の加工木材によって傷跡や凹みの付き難さ、更には、十分な強度及び剛性を確保し、寸法形状変化を防止しているため、低コスト化及び製造の容易化を図ることが可能となるものである。
このようにして、傷跡や凹みが付き難く、十分な強度や剛性を有し、また、製品化後に周囲環境条件が変化した場合における寸法形状変化を防止でき、更に、低コスト化及び製造の容易化が可能であり、スギ材、ヒノキ材等の針葉樹の有効活用を図ることができる積層材とするものである。
Furthermore, by preventing changes in the dimensions and shape of the inner layer plywood, the inner layer plywood has little effect on the surface plastic working material and has a good balance with the surface layer plastic working material. Since the joints of the two layers are joined so that the length directions of each grain are orthogonal to each other, the inner plywood and the surface plastic working material interact with each other to achieve a better balance, and the overall shape of the laminated material Changes are prevented. In addition, because of the two types of processed wood of the surface layer plastic work material and the inner layer plywood, it is difficult to have scars and dents, and furthermore, sufficient strength and rigidity are secured, and dimensional shape change is prevented. It is possible to reduce costs and facilitate manufacturing.
In this way, scars and dents are difficult to be attached, it has sufficient strength and rigidity, and it can prevent changes in dimensions and shape when the ambient environment conditions change after commercialization. Therefore, the laminated material can be used effectively for coniferous trees such as cedar and cypress.

特開2008−025260号公報JP 2008-025260 A 特願2010−261997号Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-261997

ところが、特許文献2においては、木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように非圧縮の針葉樹を回転させながら表面側を切削してなる単板を複数枚積層接着した合板においては、カップ量(幅反り)が小さいものの、特に、表層塑性加工材の機械的特性が強靭になればなるほどカップ量が大きくなる傾向がある。このカップ量を小さくするには、内層合板の全体構造を改良する必要があった。   However, in Patent Document 2, in a plywood obtained by laminating and bonding a plurality of single plates obtained by cutting the surface side while rotating uncompressed conifers so that the length directions of the trees are orthogonal to each other, the cup amount (width) Although the warp is small, the cup amount tends to increase especially as the mechanical properties of the surface plastic working material become stronger. In order to reduce the cup amount, it was necessary to improve the overall structure of the inner plywood.

そこで、本発明は、かかる不具合を解決すべくなされたものであって、機械的積層構造によって表層塑性加工材の意匠面のカップ量を小さくした積層材の提供を課題とするものである。 Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve such problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a laminated material in which the cup amount on the design surface of the surface plastic working material is reduced by a mechanical laminated structure.

請求項1の積層材は、板の木取りにより得た木材の繊維方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱状態で圧縮され、圧密加工により気乾比重を2倍以上で、かつ、気乾比重を0.7以上とした表層塑性加工材の特定の一面を意匠面とし、その表層塑性加工材の接合する対向面の繊維方向が互いに直交するように非圧縮の針葉樹をロータリーレースで回転させながら周方向に切削してなる単板を少なくとも1枚以上積層接着し、かつ、前記単板の厚みを2mm〜5mmの範囲内として前記表層塑性加工材の片面に接合された内層合板を具備し、更に、板の木取りにより得た木材の繊維方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱状態で圧縮され、圧密加工により気乾比重を1.5倍以上で、かつ、気乾比重を0.5以上とし、前記内層合板の反表層塑性加工材側の対向面の繊維方向が互いに直交するように接合した1枚以上からなる塑性加工芯材で形成したものである。
ここで、上記表層塑性加工材とは、板の木取りにより得た木材の繊維方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材を加熱状態で圧縮し、圧密加工により気乾比重を2倍以上としたもので、その上限は木材の樹種に応じた厚密加工の圧縮限界である。
また、上記内層合板とは、前記表層塑性加工材の接合する対向面の繊維方向が互いに直交するように非圧縮の針葉樹をロータリーレースで回転させながら周方向に切削し、厚みを2mm〜5mmの範囲内の単板を1枚以上積層接着したものであり、単板が1枚以上であればよく、奇数枚または偶数枚とすることができる。
そして、上記塑性加工芯材とは、板の木取りにより得た木材の繊維方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱状態で圧縮され、圧密加工により気乾比重を1.5倍以上で、かつ、気乾比重を0.5以上とし、前記内層合板の反表層塑性加工材側の接合する対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように接合した1枚以上の奇数枚または偶数枚とするものである。特に、前記表層塑性加工材と前記塑性加工芯材は互いにカップ方向(反り方向)を異にして接合するのが望ましい。ここで、前記表層塑性加工材と前記塑性加工芯材は、圧密加工を行った材料であり、その特徴からカップ量が大きくなるので、年輪の中心よりも外側に位置する木表面側と年輪の中心側に位置する木裏面側とを対向させ、互いのカップ方向を異にし、互いのカップ量を打ち消すように相殺するものである。
即ち、表層塑性加工材の木表面側と塑性加工芯材の木裏面側を対向した配置にするか、逆に、表層塑性加工材の木裏面側と塑性加工芯材の木表面側を対向した配置にされる。また、木材の繊維方向は表層塑性加工材及び塑性加工芯材及び内層合板の各枚ごとに直交するように配設される。
なお、圧密加工により気乾比重を2倍以上で、かつ、気乾比重を0.7以上とは、圧密加工により気乾比重を2倍以上に大きくすることであり、圧密加工により気乾比重を0.7以上とすることを意味する。したがって、圧密加工により気乾比重を0.7以上にできないもの、気乾比重を0.7以上にならないものは含まれないことを意味する。
The laminated material according to claim 1 is such that the thickness of the wood is compressed in a heated state by an external force applied in a direction perpendicular to the fiber direction of the wood obtained by wood cutting of the board, and the air-drying specific gravity is doubled or more by consolidation. In addition, a specific surface of the surface plastic working material having an air-drying specific gravity of 0.7 or more is used as a design surface, and the non-compressed conifers are arranged so that the fiber directions of the facing surfaces to which the surface plastic working material is joined are orthogonal to each other. At least one single plate formed by cutting in the circumferential direction while rotating with a rotary race is laminated and bonded, and the thickness of the single plate is within a range of 2 mm to 5 mm and bonded to one surface of the surface plastic working material. Further, the thickness of the wood is compressed in a heated state by an external force applied in a direction perpendicular to the fiber direction of the wood obtained by wood cutting, and the air-drying specific gravity is 1. More than 5 times, or The air-drying specific gravity is 0.5 or more, and the inner layer plywood is formed by a plastic processing core material composed of one or more sheets joined so that the fiber directions of the opposing surfaces on the side opposite to the plastic processing material are orthogonal to each other. .
Here, the surface plastic working material means that the wood is compressed in a heated state by an external force applied in a direction perpendicular to the fiber direction of the wood obtained by wood cutting, and the air-drying specific gravity is doubled by compaction processing. The upper limit is the compression limit of thick processing according to the wood species.
The inner plywood is cut in the circumferential direction while rotating an uncompressed conifer with a rotary race so that the fiber directions of the facing surfaces to which the surface layer plastic working material is joined are orthogonal to each other, and the thickness is 2 mm to 5 mm. One or more single plates within the range are laminated and bonded, and the number of single plates may be one or more, and may be odd or even.
The plastic processing core material is such that the thickness of the wood is compressed in a heated state by an external force applied in a direction perpendicular to the fiber direction of the wood obtained by wood cutting of the board, and the air-drying specific gravity is reduced to 1 by compaction processing. 1 or more sheets which are 5 times or more and have an air-drying specific gravity of 0.5 or more, and are joined so that the length directions of the opposite faces of the inner layer plywood on the opposite surface plastic working material side are orthogonal to each other. The odd number or even number. In particular, it is desirable that the surface layer plastic working material and the plastic working core material are joined to each other with different cup directions (warping directions). Here, the surface layer plastic working material and the plastic working core material are materials subjected to consolidation processing, and the cup amount is large due to the characteristics thereof, so that the surface of the tree surface and the annual ring located outside the center of the annual ring The tree back side located on the center side is opposed to each other, the directions of the cups are made different, and the amounts of the cups cancel each other out.
In other words, the wood surface side of the surface plastic working material and the wood back surface side of the plastic processing core material are opposed to each other, or conversely, the wood back surface side of the surface plastic working material and the wood surface side of the plastic processing core material are opposed. To be placed. Further, the fiber direction of the wood is arranged so as to be orthogonal to each of the surface layer plastic processed material, the plastic processed core material, and the inner layer plywood.
Note that the air-drying specific gravity is more than doubled by consolidation and the air-drying specific gravity is 0.7 or more means that the air-drying specific gravity is doubled or more by consolidation, and the air-drying specific gravity is increased by consolidation. Is 0.7 or more. Therefore, it means that the air-drying specific gravity cannot be increased to 0.7 or higher by the consolidation process, and the air-drying specific gravity is not increased to 0.7 or higher.

請求項2の積層材は、板の木取りにより得た木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱状態で圧縮され、圧密加工により気乾比重を2倍以上で、かつ、気乾比重を0.7以上とした表層塑性加工材の特定の一面を意匠面とし、同様に、板の木取りにより得た木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱状態で圧縮され、圧密加工により気乾比重を1.5倍以上で、かつ、気乾比重を0.5以上とし、前記表層塑性加工材の接合する対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように接合した1枚以上からなる塑性加工芯材と、前記塑性加工芯材の接合する対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように非圧縮の針葉樹をロータリーレースで回転させながら周方向に切削してなる単板が少なくとも1枚以上積層接着され、かつ、前記単板の厚みを2mm〜5mmの範囲内として前記塑性加工芯材の前記対向面に接合された内層合板とを具備するものである。
ここで、上記表層塑性加工材とは、板の木取りにより得た木材の繊維方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材を加熱状態で圧縮し、圧密加工され、圧密加工により気乾比重を2倍以上で、かつ、気乾比重を0.7以上としたものである。
また、上記塑性加工芯材とは、板の木取りにより得た木材の繊維方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱状態で圧縮され、圧密加工により気乾比重を1.5倍以上で、かつ、気乾比重を0.5以上とし、前記表層塑性加工材側の接合する対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように接合した1枚以上の奇数枚または偶数枚とするものである。特に、前記表層塑性加工材と前記塑性加工芯材は互いにカップ方向を異にして接合するのが望ましい。
ここで、前記表層塑性加工材と前記塑性加工芯材は、圧密加工を行った材料であり、その特徴からカップ量が大きくなるので、年輪の中心よりも外側に位置する木表面側と年輪の中心側に位置する木裏面側とを対向させ、互いのカップ方向を異にし、互いのカップ量を打ち消すように相殺するのが望ましい。即ち、表層塑性加工材の木表面側と塑性加工芯材の木裏面側を対向した配置にするか、逆に、表層塑性加工材の木裏面側と塑性加工芯材の木表面側を対向した配置にされる。また、木材の繊維方向は表層塑性加工材及び塑性加工芯材及び内層合板の各枚ごとに直交するように配設される。
そして、上記内層合板とは、前記塑性加工芯材の対向面の繊維方向が互いに直交するように非圧縮の針葉樹を回転させながら切削してなる厚みを2mm〜5mmの範囲内の単板を1枚以上積層接着したものであり、単板が1枚以上であればよく、奇数枚または偶数枚とすることができる。
なお、通常、表層塑性加工材及び塑性加工芯材及び内層合板の全体の枚数が偶数枚で形成されるが、奇数枚であってもよい。また、木材の繊維方向は表層塑性加工材及び塑性加工芯材及び内層合板の各枚ごとに直交するように配設される。
In the laminated material according to claim 2, the thickness of the wood is compressed in a heated state by an external force applied in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain obtained by wood cutting of the wood, and the air-drying specific gravity is increased by compaction processing. A specific surface of the surface plastic working material that is 2 times or more and has an air-dry specific gravity of 0.7 or more is used as a design surface, and is also perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain obtained by wood cutting. By the external force applied in the direction, the thickness of the wood is compressed in a heated state, the air-drying specific gravity is 1.5 times or more by the consolidation process, and the air-drying specific gravity is 0.5 or more. The plastically processed core material composed of one or more sheets joined so that the length directions of the opposite faces to be joined are orthogonal to each other, and the length directions of the opposite faces of the opposite faces to which the plastically processed core material is joined are orthogonal to each other. While rotating uncompressed conifers in a rotary race At least one veneer cut in the direction is laminated and bonded, and the inner veneer is bonded to the facing surface of the plastic core material with the thickness of the veneer being in the range of 2 mm to 5 mm. To do.
Here, the above-mentioned surface plastic working material means that the wood is compressed in a heated state by an external force applied in a direction perpendicular to the fiber direction of the wood obtained by wood cutting, and is air-dried by compaction. The specific gravity is 2 times or more and the air-dry specific gravity is 0.7 or more.
In addition, the plastic core material is a material in which the thickness of the wood is compressed in a heated state by an external force applied in a direction perpendicular to the fiber direction of the wood obtained by wood cutting, and the air-drying specific gravity is reduced to 1 by compaction processing. 1 or more odd-numbered sheets that are 5 times or more and have an air-drying specific gravity of 0.5 or more, and are joined so that the length directions of the opposing faces to be joined on the surface plastic working material side are orthogonal to each other, or The number is even. In particular, it is desirable that the surface layer plastic work material and the plastic work core material be joined with their cup directions different from each other.
Here, the surface layer plastic working material and the plastic working core material are materials subjected to consolidation processing, and the cup amount is large due to the characteristics thereof, so that the surface of the tree surface and the annual ring located outside the center of the annual ring It is desirable that the tree back side located on the center side face each other, the cup directions are different from each other, and cancel each other so as to cancel each other's cup amount. In other words, the wood surface side of the surface plastic working material and the wood back surface side of the plastic processing core material are opposed to each other, or conversely, the wood back surface side of the surface plastic working material and the wood surface side of the plastic processing core material are opposed. To be placed. Further, the fiber direction of the wood is arranged so as to be orthogonal to each of the surface layer plastic processed material, the plastic processed core material, and the inner layer plywood.
The inner plywood is a single plate having a thickness in the range of 2 mm to 5 mm obtained by cutting an uncompressed softwood so that the fiber directions of the facing surfaces of the plastic core are orthogonal to each other. More than one sheet is laminated and bonded, and it is sufficient that the number of single plates is one or more, and it can be odd or even.
In general, the total number of the surface layer plastic working material, the plastic processing core material, and the inner layer plywood is an even number, but may be an odd number. Further, the fiber direction of the wood is arranged so as to be orthogonal to each of the surface layer plastic processed material, the plastic processed core material, and the inner layer plywood.

請求項3の積層材は、板の木取りによって得た木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱状態で圧縮され、圧密加工により気乾比重を2倍以上で、かつ、気乾比重を0.7以上とした表層塑性加工材の特定の一面を意匠面とし、同様に、板の木取りにより得た木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱状態で圧縮され、圧密加工により気乾比重を1.5倍以上で、かつ、気乾比重を0.5以上とし、前記表層塑性加工材の接合する対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように接合した1枚以上からなる塑性加工芯材をその下に接合し、また、前記塑性加工芯材の接合する対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように非圧縮の針葉樹をロータリーレースで回転させながら切削してなる単板が少なくとも1枚以上積層接着され、かつ、前記単板の厚みを2mm〜5mmの範囲内とし、更にその下に他の塑性加工芯材(裏面側塑性加工芯材)を接合し、木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱圧縮され、圧密加工により気乾比重を1.5倍以上で、かつ、気乾比重を0.5以上、接合する対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように接合した1枚以上からなる他の塑性加工芯材(裏面側塑性加工芯材)を上記意匠面の裏面としたものである。
ここで、上記表層塑性加工材とは、木材の繊維方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材を加熱状態で圧縮し、圧密加工により気乾比重を2倍以上で、かつ、気乾比重を0.7以上としたものである。
また、上記塑性加工芯材とは、共に板の木取りにより得た木材の繊維方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱状態で圧縮され、圧密加工により気乾比重を1.5倍以上で、かつ、気乾比重を0.5以上とし、前記表層塑性加工材または前記内層合板と接合する対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように接合した1枚以上の奇数枚または偶数枚とするものである。特に、前記表層塑性加工材と少なくとも直接接合する塑性加工芯材は互いにカップ方向を異にするのが望ましい。即ち、表層塑性加工材の木表面側と塑性加工芯材の木裏面側を対向した配置にするか、逆に、表層塑性加工材の木裏面側と塑性加工芯材の木表面側を対向した配置にされる。ここで、前記表層塑性加工材と前記塑性加工芯材は、圧密加工を行った材料であり、その特徴からカップ量が大きくなるので、年輪の中心よりも外側に位置する木表面側と年輪の中心側に位置する木裏面側とを対向させると、互いのカップ方向を異にし、互いのカップ量を打ち消すように相殺可能となる。勿論、他の塑性加工芯材(裏面側塑性加工芯材)も、前記表層塑性加工材と直接接合する塑性加工芯材と互いにカップ方向を同一にするのが望ましい。
そして、上記内層合板とは、前記塑性加工芯材の接合する対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように非圧縮の針葉樹を回転させながら周方向に切削してなる単板が少なくとも1枚以上積層接着され、かつ、前記単板の厚みを2mm〜5mmの範囲内として前記塑性加工芯材の前記接合する対向面に接合されたものである。
なお、通常、表層塑性加工材及び塑性加工芯材及び内層合板の全体の枚数が偶数枚で形成されるが、奇数枚であってもよい。また、木材の繊維方向は表層塑性加工材及び塑性加工芯材及び内層合板の各枚ごとに直交するように配設される。
In the laminated material according to claim 3, the thickness of the wood is compressed in a heated state by an external force applied in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain obtained by wood cutting of the wood, and the air-drying specific gravity is increased by compaction processing. A specific surface of the surface plastic working material that is 2 times or more and has an air-dry specific gravity of 0.7 or more is used as a design surface, and is also perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain obtained by wood cutting. By the external force applied in the direction, the thickness of the wood is compressed in a heated state, the air-drying specific gravity is 1.5 times or more by the consolidation process, and the air-drying specific gravity is 0.5 or more. A plastic core material composed of one or more pieces joined so that the length directions of the opposite faces to be joined are orthogonal to each other, and the length of the opposite faces of the opposite face to which the plastic finish core is joined is joined. Rotary uncompressed conifers so that their directions are perpendicular to each other At least one veneer that is cut while rotating with a glass is laminated and bonded, and the thickness of the veneer is in the range of 2 mm to 5 mm, and there is another plastic processing core material (on the back side) The thickness of the wood is heated and compressed by an external force applied in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain, and the air-drying specific gravity is 1.5 times or more by compaction, In addition, another plastic processing core material (back side plastic processing core material) composed of one or more sheets bonded so that the air-drying specific gravity is 0.5 or more and the length directions of the facing grain to be bonded to each other are orthogonal to each other. It is the back side of the design surface.
Here, the above-mentioned surface plastic working material means that the wood is compressed in a heated state by an external force applied in a direction perpendicular to the fiber direction of the wood, and the air-drying specific gravity is doubled or more by compaction processing. The dry specific gravity is 0.7 or more.
In addition, the plastic processing core material is compressed in the heated state by an external force applied in a direction perpendicular to the fiber direction of the wood obtained by wood cutting, and the air-drying specific gravity is increased by compaction processing. One or more sheets that are 1.5 times or more and have an air-drying specific gravity of 0.5 or more, and are joined so that the length directions of the grains on the opposing surface to be joined with the surface plastic working material or the inner plywood are orthogonal to each other The odd number or even number. In particular, it is desirable that the plastic working core material that is at least directly joined to the surface plastic working material has different cup directions. In other words, the wood surface side of the surface plastic working material and the wood back surface side of the plastic processing core material are opposed to each other, or conversely, the wood back surface side of the surface plastic working material and the wood surface side of the plastic processing core material are opposed. To be placed. Here, the surface layer plastic working material and the plastic working core material are materials subjected to consolidation processing, and the cup amount is large due to the characteristics thereof, so that the surface of the tree surface and the annual ring located outside the center of the annual ring When facing the back side of the tree located on the center side, it becomes possible to cancel each other so that the direction of the cup is different and the amount of the cup is cancelled. Of course, it is desirable that the other plastic processing core material (back surface side plastic processing core material) has the same cup direction as the plastic processing core material directly joined to the surface layer plastic processing material.
The inner layer plywood is at least one veneer that is cut in the circumferential direction while rotating an uncompressed conifer so that the length directions of the opposite faces of the plastic core material to be joined are orthogonal to each other. More than one sheet is laminated and bonded, and the thickness of the single plate is within a range of 2 mm to 5 mm, and is bonded to the facing surface of the plastic core material to be bonded.
In general, the total number of the surface layer plastic working material, the plastic processing core material, and the inner layer plywood is an even number, but may be an odd number. Further, the fiber direction of the wood is arranged so as to be orthogonal to each of the surface layer plastic processed material, the plastic processed core material, and the inner layer plywood.

請求項4の積層材は、板の木取りにより得た木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱状態で圧縮され、圧密加工により気乾比重を2倍以上で、かつ、気乾比重を0.7以上とした表層塑性加工材の特定の一面を意匠面側とし、前記塑性加工芯材の接合する対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように非圧縮の針葉樹をロータリーレースで回転させながら周方向に切削してなる単板が少なくとも1枚以上積層接着され、かつ、前記単板の厚みを2mm〜5mmの範囲内とた内側の内層合板をその下に接合し、板の木取りにより得た木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱圧縮され、圧密加工により気乾比重を1.5倍以上で、かつ、気乾比重を0.5以上とし、前記内層合板の接合する対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように接合した1枚以上からなる塑性加工芯材を重ね、更に、前記塑性加工芯材の接合する対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように非圧縮の針葉樹をロータリーレースで回転させながら切削してなる単板が少なくとも1枚以上積層接着され、かつ、前記単板の厚みを2mm〜5mmの範囲内として前記塑性加工芯材の接合する対向面に接合された外側の内層合板を重ねたものである。
ここで、上記表層塑性加工材とは、板の木取りにより得た木材の繊維方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材を加熱状態で圧縮し、圧密加工により気乾比重を2倍以上で、かつ、気乾比重を0.7以上としたものである。
また、上記内側の内層合板または上記外側の内層合板とは、前記塑性加工芯材の接合する対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように非圧縮の針葉樹をロータリーレースで回転させながら周方向に切削してなる単板が少なくとも1枚以上積層接着され、かつ、前記単板の厚みを2mm〜5mmの範囲内として前記表層塑性加工材の前記対向面に接合されたものである。
そして、上記塑性加工芯材とは、板の木取りにより得た木材の繊維方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱状態で圧縮され、圧密加工により気乾比重を1.5倍以上で、かつ、気乾比重を0.5以上とし、内側内層合板側の接合する対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように接合した1枚以上の奇数枚または偶数枚とするものである。特に、前記表層塑性加工材と前記塑性加工芯材は互いにカップ方向を異にして接合するのが望ましい。即ち、表層塑性加工材の木表面側と隣接する塑性加工芯材の木裏面側を対向した配置にするか、逆に、表層塑性加工材の木裏面側と隣接する塑性加工芯材の木表面側を対向した配置にされる。ここで、前記表層塑性加工材と前記塑性加工芯材は、圧密加工を行った材料であり、その特徴からカップ量が大きくなるので、年輪の中心よりも外側に位置する木表面側と年輪の中心側に位置する木裏面側とを対向させ、互いのカップ方向を異にし、互いのカップ量を打ち消すように相殺するものである。
更に、内側の内層合板及び外側の内層合板とは、前記塑性加工芯材の接合する対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように非圧縮の針葉樹をロータリーレースで回転させながら切削してなる単板が少なくとも1枚以上積層接着され、かつ、前記単板の厚みを2mm〜5mmの範囲内として前記塑性加工芯材の両側の面に接合したものである。
なお、通常、表層塑性加工材及び塑性加工芯材及び内層合板の全体の枚数が偶数枚で形成されるが、奇数枚であってもよい。また、木材の繊維方向は表層塑性加工材及び塑性加工芯材及び内層合板の各枚ごとに直交するように配設される。
In the laminated material according to claim 4, the thickness of the wood is compressed in a heated state by an external force applied in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain obtained by wood cutting of the wood, and the air-drying specific gravity is increased by compaction processing. A specific surface of the surface layer plastic working material having an air-drying specific gravity of 0.7 or more is set to the design surface side, and the length directions of the opposite faces to which the plastic working core material is joined are orthogonal to each other. At least one veneer obtained by cutting an uncompressed softwood tree in the circumferential direction while rotating it with a rotary race, and the inner thickness of the veneer is in the range of 2 mm to 5 mm. The inner layer plywood is joined underneath, and the thickness of the wood is heat-compressed by an external force applied in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain obtained by taking the wood from the wood. More than 5 times and air-dry specific gravity is 0 5 or more, one or more plastic working cores joined so that the length directions of the opposing faces to which the inner plywood is joined are orthogonal to each other, and further, the opposing faces to which the plastic working cores are joined At least one veneer obtained by rotating uncompressed softwood with a rotary race so that the length directions of the grain are orthogonal to each other are laminated and bonded, and the thickness of the veneer is 2 mm to 5 mm The outer inner layer plywood joined to the opposing surface to which the plastically processed core material is joined is overlapped within the range.
Here, the above-mentioned surface plastic working material means that the wood is compressed in a heated state by an external force applied in a direction perpendicular to the fiber direction of the wood obtained by wood cutting, and the air-drying specific gravity is doubled by compacting. The air-drying specific gravity is 0.7 or more.
In addition, the inner inner plywood or the outer inner plywood is defined by rotating a non-compressed conifer with a rotary race so that the length directions of the opposite side surfaces of the plastic core material to be joined are orthogonal to each other. At least one single plate formed by cutting in the direction is laminated and bonded, and the thickness of the single plate is within a range of 2 mm to 5 mm and is joined to the facing surface of the surface plastic working material.
The plastic processing core material is such that the thickness of the wood is compressed in a heated state by an external force applied in a direction perpendicular to the fiber direction of the wood obtained by wood cutting of the board, and the air-drying specific gravity is reduced to 1 by compaction processing. 1 or more odd-numbered sheets or even-numbered sheets that are 5 times or more and have an air-drying specific gravity of 0.5 or more, and are joined so that the length directions of the opposing faces to be joined on the inner inner plywood side are orthogonal to each other. It is what. In particular, it is desirable that the surface layer plastic work material and the plastic work core material be joined with their cup directions different from each other. That is, the surface of the plastic processing core material adjacent to the surface of the surface plastic working material is arranged opposite to the surface of the plastic processing core material adjacent to the surface of the plastic surface of the surface plastic processing material. Arranged to face each other. Here, the surface layer plastic working material and the plastic working core material are materials subjected to consolidation processing, and the cup amount is large due to the characteristics thereof, so that the surface of the tree surface and the annual ring located outside the center of the annual ring The tree back side located on the center side is opposed to each other, the directions of the cups are made different, and the amounts of the cups cancel each other out.
Further, the inner inner plywood and the outer inner plywood are cut while rotating a non-compressed conifer with a rotary race so that the length directions of the opposite faces to which the plastic core material is joined are orthogonal to each other. At least one single plate is laminated and bonded, and the thickness of the single plate is within a range of 2 mm to 5 mm and is bonded to both sides of the plastic core material.
In general, the total number of the surface layer plastic working material, the plastic processing core material, and the inner layer plywood is an even number, but may be an odd number. Further, the fiber direction of the wood is arranged so as to be orthogonal to each of the surface layer plastic processed material, the plastic processed core material, and the inner layer plywood.

請求項5の積層材の前記表層塑性加工材と前記塑性加工芯材は、互いにカップ方向を異にするものである。
ここで、前記表層塑性加工材と前記塑性加工芯材は、圧密加工を行った材料であり、その特徴からカップ量が大きくなるので、年輪の中心よりも外側に位置する木表面側と年輪の中心側に位置する木裏面側とを対向させ、互いのカップ方向を異にし、互いのカップ量を打ち消すように相殺するものである。
The surface plastic working material and the plastic working core material of the laminated material according to claim 5 have different cup directions.
Here, the surface layer plastic working material and the plastic working core material are materials subjected to consolidation processing, and the cup amount is large due to the characteristics thereof, so that the surface of the tree surface and the annual ring located outside the center of the annual ring The tree back side located on the center side is opposed to each other, the directions of the cups are made different, and the amounts of the cups cancel each other out.

なお、上記気乾比重とは、木材を大気中で乾燥した時の比重で、通常、含水率15%の時の比重で表すものであり、木材を乾燥させた時の重さと同じ体積の水の重さを比べた値である。数値が大きいほど重く、小さいほど軽いことを表す。例えば、自然物の国産或いは国内でよく使用される材木のスギは0.36、ヒノキは0.44、カラマツは0.50、ドドマツは0.44、キリは0.25、クリは0.60、ブナは0.65、ナラは0.58、カバは0.60、イタジイは0.61、カリン0.61、ファルカタは0.27、マラパパイヤは0.50、グメリナは0.45、ゴムは0.64、イエローポプラは0.45、イタリアポプラは0.35、アカシアマンギウムは0.63程度である。   The air dry specific gravity is the specific gravity when the wood is dried in the air, and is usually expressed by the specific gravity when the moisture content is 15%, and water having the same volume as the weight when the wood is dried. It is the value which compared the weight of. The larger the value, the heavier, the smaller the lighter. For example, Japanese cedar that is often used domestically or domestically is 0.36, Japanese cypress is 0.44, larch is 0.50, Japanese pine is 0.44, drill is 0.25, chestnut is 0.60, Beech is 0.65, oak is 0.58, hippopotamus is 0.60, weasey is 0.61, karin 0.61, falkata is 0.27, malapapaya is 0.50, gmelina is 0.45, rubber is It is 0.64, yellow poplar is 0.45, Italian poplar is 0.35, and acacia mangium is about 0.63.

また、上記表層塑性加工材において、本発明者らが実験研究を重ねた結果、スギ板の木取りにより得た木材を高圧縮して気乾比重を0.7以上(圧密加工により気乾比重を2倍以上)としたものでは、硬度が顕著に高くなって傷跡や凹みが極めて付き難くなり、集中荷重や衝撃荷重等を受けるために高い表面硬度や耐摩耗性等が要求される床材等としても耐用できることを見出し、この知見に基づいて設定されたものである。即ち、圧縮により、硬度や耐摩耗性等を増大させた特性領域であり、圧密加工された木材としての特性であることを示すものである。そして、特に、気乾比重を0.85以上にすると、硬度や耐摩耗性等の特性値のばらつきが少なくなって物理的安定性が増し、また、硬度もより顕著に高くなるため、気乾比重を0.85以上としたものがより好ましい。
なお、上記表層塑性加工材の気乾比重は、最終的には、樹種や、コストや、必要とされる硬度・耐摩耗性等を考慮して設定されるが、気乾比重を大きくするために圧縮率を余りに高くすると木材を構成する繊維が破壊されてクラックが生じ商品性が失われることになるから、高圧縮によりクラックが発生する直前に測定される気乾比重の値が最大値となる。因みに、本発明者らの実験研究によれば、スギ材やヒノキ材等の針葉樹を用いた場合には約1.2が上記気乾比重の上限であることが判明している。したがって、本発明における気乾比重の最大値は、樹種等によって決定される有限値である。また、上記気乾比重の数値は、厳格であることを要求するものではなくて概ねであり、当然、測定等により誤差を含む概略値であり、数割の誤差を否定するものではない。
Moreover, in the above-mentioned surface layer plastic work material, as a result of repeated research by the present inventors, the wood obtained by wood cutting of cedar board is highly compressed to have an air-dry specific gravity of 0.7 or more (the air-dry specific gravity is increased by consolidation) 2) or more), the flooring and the like that require a high surface hardness and wear resistance to receive concentrated load and impact load, etc. As a result, it has been found based on this finding. That is, it is a characteristic region in which hardness, wear resistance, and the like are increased by compression, and indicates a characteristic as a compacted wood. In particular, when the air-drying specific gravity is 0.85 or more, variation in characteristic values such as hardness and abrasion resistance is reduced, physical stability is increased, and hardness is significantly increased. A specific gravity of 0.85 or more is more preferable.
The air-drying specific gravity of the above-mentioned surface plastic working material is finally set in consideration of the tree species, cost, required hardness and wear resistance, etc., in order to increase the air-drying specific gravity. If the compression ratio is too high, the fibers constituting the wood will be broken and cracks will occur, resulting in a loss of merchandise.The value of the air-dry specific gravity measured immediately before the crack is generated by high compression is the maximum value. Become. Incidentally, according to an experimental study by the present inventors, it has been found that about 1.2 is the upper limit of the air-drying specific gravity when conifers such as cedar and cypress are used. Therefore, the maximum value of the air-dry specific gravity in the present invention is a finite value determined by the tree species or the like. In addition, the numerical value of the air-dry specific gravity is not required to be strict, but is approximate. Naturally, it is an approximate value including an error by measurement or the like, and does not deny an error of several percent.

上記内層合板と、内側内層合板及び外側内層合板とは同じものであり、表層塑性加工材と塑性加工芯材と接着剤等の接合手段を介在して一体に接合されたものである。また、上記内層合板または内側内層合板及び外側内層合板は、非圧縮の針葉樹の単板が互いの木目の長さ方向が直交するように1枚以上積層接着され、かつ、前記表層塑性加工材に接合される単板の厚みを2mm〜5mmの範囲内とする構成をとることで、比重が小さくて強度や剛性が小さいというスギ材やヒノキ材等の針葉樹の単板の欠点を補完し、厚みが通常0.3mm〜2mmであるラワン単板を用いて同じ構成とした場合と同等以上の強度や剛性を確保すると共に、周囲環境条件が変化した場合における合板全体の寸法形状変化を防止し、更に、単板の木目の長さ方向が前記表層塑性加工木材の木目の長さ方向と直交するように前記表層塑性加工材の片面側に接合することで、周囲環境条件が変化した場合における積層材全体の寸法形状変化を防止したものである。因みに、上記2mm〜5mmの値は、当然、測定等による誤差を含む概略値であり、数割の誤差を否定するものではない。   The inner layer plywood, the inner inner layer plywood, and the outer inner layer plywood are the same, and are integrally bonded with a surface layer plastic working material, a plastic processing core material, and an adhesive. Further, the inner layer plywood or the inner inner layer plywood and the outer inner layer plywood are laminated and bonded to each other so that the length directions of the grain of each non-compressed softwood are perpendicular to each other, and to the surface plastic working material By adopting a configuration in which the thickness of the single veneer to be joined is in the range of 2 mm to 5 mm, the thickness of the single veneer of cedar and cypress, such as cedar and cypress, which has low specific gravity and low strength and rigidity, is compensated for. While ensuring the same or better strength and rigidity as when using the same structure using a lauan single plate of 0.3 mm to 2 mm, and preventing changes in the size and shape of the entire plywood when the ambient environmental conditions change, Further, by joining to one side of the surface plastic working material so that the length direction of the grain of the single plate is orthogonal to the length direction of the grain of the surface plastic working wood, the lamination in the case where the ambient environmental conditions have changed Overall material dimensions It is obtained by preventing Jo change. Incidentally, the above values of 2 mm to 5 mm are naturally approximate values including errors due to measurement and the like, and do not negate errors of several percent.

請求項1の発明の積層材によれば、意匠面となる表層塑性加工材を、板の木取りにより得た木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱状態で圧縮され、圧密加工により気乾比重を2倍以上で、かつ、気乾比重を0.7以上とし、次に重ねる内層合板を前記表層塑性加工材の接合する対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように非圧縮の針葉樹を回転させながら切削してなる単板が少なくとも1枚以上積層接着され、かつ、前記単板の厚みを2mm〜5mmの範囲内として前記表層塑性加工材の片面に接合し、次いで、1枚以上からなる塑性加工芯材を、板の木取りにより得た木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱状態で圧縮され、圧密加工により気乾比重を1.5倍以上で、かつ、気乾比重を0.5以上とし、前記内層合板の反表層塑性加工材側の接合する対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように接合したものである。
このように、表層塑性加工材は、木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向の加熱圧縮により、厚み全体が圧縮され、圧密加工により気乾比重を2倍以上で、かつ、気乾比重を0.7以上としたものであるから、表層塑性加工材における細胞壁を構成する成分の構造が密となって硬度や耐摩耗性等が著しく向上しており、意匠面に傷跡や凹みが極めて付き難くなっている。
また、表層塑性加工材に対向して塑性加工芯材が設けられており、例えば、表層塑性加工材の木表面側と隣接する塑性加工芯材の木裏面側を対向した配置にするか、逆に、表層塑性加工材の木裏面側と隣接する塑性加工芯材の木表面側を対向した配置にされているから、積層材の全枚数が奇数枚のときに両者は互いにカップ方向が相殺され、表層塑性加工材の意匠面にでてくるカップ量が小さくなり、床材に使用しても狂いが僅少である。また、偶数枚のときに両者は互いにカップ方向が生じ難い組み合わせてであり、表層塑性加工材の意匠面にでてくるカップ量が小さくなり、床材に使用しても狂いが僅少である。
そして、前記表層塑性加工材に接合される内層合板は、複数枚の非圧縮の針葉樹の単板が互いの木目の長さ方向が直交するように接着されて複数枚積層され、かつ、単板の厚みが2mm〜5mmの範囲内にあることから、比重が小さくて強度や剛性が小さいという針葉樹の単板の欠点が補完されて、荷重等の外力が加えられた場合でもクラックが生じることがなく十分な強度や剛性を有すると共に、周囲環境条件の変化によって各針葉樹の単板を変形させようとする力(膨張収縮力)が生じても、各針葉樹の単板が相互に作用しあって打ち消し合うことでバランスがとれ、寸法形状変化が防止される。また、内層合板の寸法形状変化が防止されることで、内層合板の表層塑性加工材への影響も少なくて表層塑性加工材とのバランスもよく、特に、この内層合板は表層塑性加工材に両者の接合面において互いの木目の長さ方向が直交するように接合されていることから、内層合板と表層塑性加工材とが相互に作用し合って一段と良好なバランスとなり、積層材全体の寸法形状変化が防止される。この要因は、発明者らの究明により、前記表層塑性加工材と塑性加工芯材に接合されている内層合板は、前記表層塑性加工材と塑性加工芯材によって内層合板の吸湿性を阻止するから、カップ量が少なくなることが確認された。
更に、このように表層塑性加工材及び内層合板及び塑性加工芯材の3種類の加工木材によって傷跡や凹みの付き難さ、十分な強度及び剛性を確保し、寸法形状変化を防止しているため、低コスト化及び製造の容易化を図ることが可能である。また、表層塑性加工材と塑性加工芯材との間に内層合板を配置したものであるから、所定の厚みの積層材が得られ、しかも、内層合板の厚みによって任意の弾性とすることができる。
特に、表層塑性加工材と塑性加工芯材が逆表面に形成され、木表面と木裏面とを対向させているから、互いのカップ量に対して補正を行う力に対して内層合板による緩衝が入るから、比較的吸湿性のない材料及びにカップ量の弱いものに対して好適である。
加えて、本発明の積層材を釘を使用してフローリング、腰板等として張り合わせるとき、表層塑性加工材を傷つけることなく張り合わせが可能であり、また、釘によって内層合板及び塑性加工芯材が止められ、しかも釘を打ち込む位置が柔らかいので正確に釘を打ち込める。
このようにして、傷跡や凹みが付き難く、十分な強度や剛性、弾性を有し、また、製品化後に周囲環境条件が変化した場合におけるカップ量を含む寸法形状変化を防止でき、更に、低コスト化及び製造の容易化が可能であり、スギ材、ヒノキ材等の針葉樹の有効活用を図ることができる積層材となる。
According to the laminated material of the invention of claim 1, the thickness of the timber by the external force applied in the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain of the timber obtained by wood-cutting the surface layer plastic working material serving as the design surface Is compressed in a heated state, the air-drying specific gravity is doubled or more by the consolidation process, and the air-drying specific gravity is 0.7 or more. The surface layer plasticity is obtained by laminating and bonding at least one veneer cut by rotating an uncompressed softwood so that the length directions are perpendicular to each other, and the thickness of the veneer is in a range of 2 mm to 5 mm. The thickness of the wood is reduced by an external force applied to one side of the processed material, and then applying a plastically processed core material composed of one or more sheets in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain obtained by wood cutting of the plate. Compressed in a heated state, The air-drying specific gravity is 1.5 times or more and the air-drying specific gravity is 0.5 or more so that the length directions of the opposite facing surfaces of the inner plywood on the opposite surface plastic working material side are orthogonal to each other. It is joined.
Thus, the surface plastic working material is compressed by heating and compressing in the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain, and the air-drying specific gravity is more than doubled by the compacting process. Therefore, the structure of the components constituting the cell wall in the surface plastic working material is dense and the hardness, wear resistance, etc. are remarkably improved, and scars and dents are extremely marked on the design surface. It is difficult to follow.
Also, a plastic core material is provided opposite to the surface plastic work material. For example, the surface of the plastic surface material and the wood back side adjacent to the plastic surface of the plastic material are arranged opposite to each other or vice versa. In addition, since the plastic surface of the plastic core material adjacent to the surface of the surface plastic working material is opposed to the wood surface side, when the total number of the laminated materials is an odd number, the cup directions are offset with each other. The amount of cup that appears on the design surface of the surface plastic working material becomes small, and even if it is used as a flooring material, there is little error. Further, when the number of sheets is an even number, the two are combined in such a way that the cup directions are unlikely to occur with each other. The amount of the cup that appears on the design surface of the surface plastic working material becomes small, and even when used as a flooring, there is little deviation.
And, the inner plywood joined to the surface plastic working material, a plurality of non-compressed coniferous veneers are laminated so that the length direction of each grain is perpendicular to each other, Since the thickness of 2 mm to 5 mm is in the range of 2 mm to 5 mm, the disadvantage of the softwood veneer that the specific gravity is small and the strength and rigidity are small is complemented, and even when an external force such as a load is applied, a crack may occur. In addition to having sufficient strength and rigidity, even if a force (expansion and contraction force) that causes deformation of the veneer of each conifer due to changes in the surrounding environmental conditions occurs, the veneers of each conifer interact with each other. By canceling each other, a balance is achieved and changes in dimensions and shape are prevented. In addition, by preventing changes in the dimensions and shape of the inner layer plywood, the inner layer plywood has little influence on the surface plastic working material and has a good balance with the surface layer plastic working material. Since the joints of the two layers are joined so that the length directions of each grain are orthogonal to each other, the inner plywood and the surface plastic working material interact with each other to achieve a better balance, and the overall shape of the laminated material Changes are prevented. The reason for this is that, according to the investigation by the inventors, the inner layer plywood joined to the surface layer plastic working material and the plastic processing core material prevents moisture absorption of the inner layer plywood by the surface layer plastic working material and the plastic processing core material. It was confirmed that the amount of the cup decreased.
Furthermore, the surface plastic working material, the inner layer plywood, and the plastic working core material of the three kinds of processed wood ensure the scar and dents, sufficient strength and rigidity, and prevent changes in dimensions and shape. It is possible to reduce costs and facilitate manufacturing. In addition, since the inner layer plywood is disposed between the surface plastic working material and the plastic core material, a laminated material having a predetermined thickness can be obtained, and can have any elasticity depending on the thickness of the inner layer plywood. .
In particular, the surface layer plastic work material and the plastic work core material are formed on opposite surfaces and the wood surface and the wood back surface are opposed to each other, so that the buffer by the inner layer plywood against the force for correcting the mutual cup amount. Therefore, it is suitable for a material having relatively no hygroscopicity and a material having a small cup amount.
In addition, when the laminated material of the present invention is laminated as a flooring, a waist plate, etc. using nails, it can be laminated without damaging the surface plastic working material, and the inner plywood and the plastic core material are stopped by the nail. In addition, the nail driving position is soft, so the nail can be driven accurately.
In this way, scars and dents are difficult to be attached, it has sufficient strength, rigidity, and elasticity, and it can prevent changes in dimensions and shape including the cup amount when the ambient environmental conditions change after commercialization. Cost and ease of manufacture are possible, and a laminated material that can be effectively used for conifers such as cedar and cypress.

請求項2の発明の積層材によれば、意匠面となる表層塑性加工材を、板の木取りにより得た木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱状態で圧縮され、圧密加工により気乾比重を2倍以上で、かつ、気乾比重を0.7以上とし、次に重ねる1枚以上からなる塑性加工芯材を、木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱状態で圧縮され、圧密加工により気乾比重を1.5倍以上で、かつ、気乾比重を0.5以上とし、前記表層塑性加工材の対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように接合し、そして、1枚以上積層接着されてなる内層合板を、前記塑性加工芯材の対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように非圧縮の針葉樹を回転させながら切削してなる単板の厚みを2mm〜5mmの範囲内として前記塑性加工芯材の前記対向面に接合したものである。
このように、表層塑性加工材は、木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力により、厚み全体が圧縮され、圧密加工により気乾比重を2倍以上で、かつ、気乾比重を0.7以上としたものであるから、表層塑性加工材における細胞壁を構成する成分の構造が密となって硬度や耐摩耗性等が著しく向上しており、傷跡や凹みが極めて付き難くなっている。
また、表層塑性加工材に対向して塑性加工芯材が設けられており、積層材の全枚数が奇数枚のときに両者は互いにカップ方向が相殺され、表層塑性加工材の意匠面にでてくるカップ量が小さくなり、床材に使用しても狂いが僅少である。また、偶数枚のときに両者は互いにカップ方向が生じ難い組み合わせであり、表層塑性加工材の意匠面にでてくるカップ量が小さくなり、床材に使用しても狂いが僅少である。特に、表層塑性加工材と塑性加工芯材を対向させて接着させているから、両者の歪力等は表層塑性加工材と塑性加工芯材との2種類の間でカップ量を少なくし、かつ、その塑性加工芯材側に内層合板を重ね合わせるものであるから、内層合板にストレスが入り難くなり、また、表層塑性加工材と塑性加工芯材とのカップ量の平衡をとり易くしている。
そして、前記塑性加工芯材に接合される内層合板は、複数枚の非圧縮の針葉樹の単板が互いの木目の長さ方向が直交するように接着されて複数枚積層され、かつ、単板の厚みが2mm〜5mmの範囲内にあることから、比重が小さくて強度や剛性が小さいという針葉樹の単板の欠点が補完されて、荷重等の外力が加えられた場合でもクラックが生じることがなく十分な強度や剛性を有すると共に、周囲環境条件の変化によって各針葉樹の単板にそれを変形させようとする力(膨張収縮力)が生じても、各針葉樹の単板が相互に作用しあって打ち消し合うことでバランスがとれ、寸法形状変化が防止される。また、内層合板の寸法形状変化が防止されることで、内層合板から表層塑性加工材への影響も少なくて表層塑性加工材とのバランスもよく、特に、この内層合板は表層塑性加工材に両者の接合面において互いの木目の長さ方向が直交するように接合されていることから、内層合板と表層塑性加工材とが相互に作用し合って一段と良好なバランスとなり、積層材全体の寸法形状変化が防止される。
更に、このように表層塑性加工材及び塑性加工芯材及び内層合板の3種類の加工木材によって傷跡や凹みの付き難さ、十分な強度及び剛性を確保し、寸法形状変化を防止しているため、低コスト化及び製造の容易化を図ることが可能である。また、表層塑性加工材と塑性加工芯材との間に内層合板を配置したものであるから、所定の厚みの積層材が得られ、しかも、内層合板の厚みによって任意の弾性とすることができる。
特に、表層塑性加工材と塑性加工芯材が直接表層塑性加工材の木表面側と隣接する塑性加工芯材の木裏面側、逆に、表層塑性加工材の木裏面側と隣接する塑性加工芯材の木表面側を対向して接合しているから、互いのカップ方向を直接相殺させて補正を行うものであり、その間に緩衝が介在していないから、比較的癖の強いものでも表層塑性加工材と塑性加工芯材の厚み等で調節するのに好適である。そして、内層合板が塑性加工芯材に接合されているから、塑性加工芯材側の機械的強度を中心に表層塑性加工材のカップ方向及びカップ量の修正を行うことができる。
更に、本発明の積層材は釘を使用してフローリング、腰板等として張り合わせるとき、表層塑性加工材を傷つけることなく張り合わせが可能である。
このようにして、傷跡や凹みが付き難く、十分な強度や剛性、弾性を有し、また、製品化後に周囲環境条件が変化した場合におけるカップ量を含む寸法形状変化を防止でき、更に、低コスト化及び製造の容易化が可能であり、スギ材、ヒノキ材等の針葉樹の有効活用を図ることができる積層材となる。
According to the laminated material of the invention of claim 2, the thickness of the wood is obtained by an external force applied in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain of the wood obtained by cutting the surface layer plastic working material serving as a design surface. Is compressed in the heated state, the air-drying specific gravity is doubled or more by the consolidation process, and the air-drying specific gravity is 0.7 or more. By the external force applied in the direction perpendicular to the vertical direction, the thickness of the wood is compressed in a heated state, the air-drying specific gravity is 1.5 times or more by the consolidation process, and the air-drying specific gravity is 0.5 or more, The inner layer plywood is bonded so that the length direction of the grain of the facing surface of the surface plastic working material is orthogonal to each other, and the length of the grain of the facing surface of the plastic working core is obtained by laminating and bonding one or more sheets Cutting while rotating uncompressed conifers so that the directions are perpendicular to each other The thickness of the veneer comprising Te is obtained by bonding the facing surfaces of the plastic working core as in the range of 2 mm to 5 mm.
As described above, the surface plastic working material is compressed by the external force applied in the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain, and the air-drying specific gravity is more than doubled by the compacting process. Since the specific gravity is 0.7 or more, the structure of the components constituting the cell wall in the surface plastic working material is dense, and the hardness and wear resistance are remarkably improved, and scars and dents are hardly attached. It has become.
Also, a plastic core material is provided opposite to the surface plastic working material, and when the total number of laminated materials is an odd number, the cup directions of the two materials are offset, and the surface of the surface plastic working material is exposed. The amount of cups that come will be small, and even if it is used for flooring, there will be little deviation. Further, when the number of sheets is an even number, the two are a combination in which the cup direction is difficult to be generated, the amount of the cup that appears on the design surface of the surface plastic working material is small, and even if it is used for a floor material, there is little deviation. In particular, since the surface plastic working material and the plastic core material are bonded to face each other, the strain force of both reduces the cup amount between the two types of the surface plastic processing material and the plastic core material, and Since the inner layer plywood is superimposed on the plastic core material side, it is difficult for stress to enter the inner layer plywood, and it is easy to balance the cup amount between the surface layer plastic material and the plastic core material. .
And the inner layer plywood joined to the plastic processing core material, a plurality of non-compressed coniferous veneers are laminated so that the length direction of each grain is perpendicular to each other, Since the thickness of 2 mm to 5 mm is in the range of 2 mm to 5 mm, the disadvantage of the softwood veneer that the specific gravity is small and the strength and rigidity are small is complemented, and even when an external force such as a load is applied, a crack may occur. Even if it has sufficient strength and rigidity, and even if a force (expansion / shrinkage force) that causes deformation of each softwood veneer due to changes in the surrounding environmental conditions occurs, the veneers of each softwood will interact with each other. By canceling each other, a balance is obtained and a change in dimension and shape is prevented. In addition, by preventing the dimensional shape change of the inner plywood, there is little influence on the surface plastic working material from the inner layer plywood and the balance with the surface plastic working material is good. Since the joints of the two layers are joined so that the length directions of each grain are orthogonal to each other, the inner plywood and the surface plastic working material interact with each other to achieve a better balance, and the overall shape of the laminated material Changes are prevented.
Furthermore, the three types of processed wood such as the surface layer plastic processed material, the plastic processed core material, and the inner layer plywood ensure scars and dents, sufficient strength and rigidity, and prevent changes in dimensions and shapes. It is possible to reduce costs and facilitate manufacturing. In addition, since the inner layer plywood is disposed between the surface plastic working material and the plastic core material, a laminated material having a predetermined thickness can be obtained, and can have any elasticity depending on the thickness of the inner layer plywood. .
In particular, the plastic working core in which the surface plastic working material and the plastic working core are directly adjacent to the surface of the plastic working core adjacent to the tree surface side of the surface plastic working material, and conversely to the tree back side of the surface plastic working material. Since the wood surface side of the timber is joined facing each other, correction is made by directly canceling each other's cup directions, and there is no buffer between them, so even those with relatively strong wrinkles are surface plasticity It is suitable for adjusting by the thickness etc. of a processed material and a plastic processing core material. And since the inner-layer plywood is joined to the plastic processing core material, the cup direction and the cup amount of the surface plastic processing material can be corrected around the mechanical strength on the plastic processing core material side.
Furthermore, when the laminated material of the present invention is laminated as a flooring, a waist plate or the like using nails, it can be laminated without damaging the surface plastic working material.
In this way, scars and dents are difficult to be attached, it has sufficient strength, rigidity, and elasticity, and it can prevent changes in dimensions and shape including the cup amount when the ambient environmental conditions change after commercialization. Cost and ease of manufacture are possible, and a laminated material that can be effectively used for conifers such as cedar and cypress.

請求項3の発明の積層材によれば、意匠面となる表層塑性加工材を、板の木取りにより得た木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱状態で圧縮され、圧密加工により気乾比重を2倍以上で、かつ、気乾比重を0.7以上とし、次に重ねる1枚以上からなる塑性加工芯材を木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱状態で圧縮され、圧密加工により気乾比重を1.5倍以上で、かつ、気乾比重を0.5以上とし、前記表層塑性加工材の対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように接合し、次に、1枚以上積層接着された内層合板を、前記塑性加工芯材の対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように非圧縮の針葉樹を回転させながら切削してなる単板の厚みを2mm〜5mmの範囲内として前記塑性加工芯材の前記対向面に接合され、更に、1枚以上からなる裏面側塑性加工芯材を、木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱圧縮され、圧密加工により気乾比重を1.5倍以上で、かつ、気乾比重を0.5以上とし、前記内層合板の対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように接合したものである。
このように、表層塑性加工材は、木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力により、厚み全体が圧縮され、圧密加工により気乾比重を2倍以上で、かつ、気乾比重を0.7以上としたものであるから、表層塑性加工材における細胞壁を構成する成分の構造が密となって硬度や耐摩耗性等が著しく向上しており、傷跡や凹みが極めて付き難くなっている。
また、表層塑性加工材に対向して塑性加工芯材が設けられており、両者は互いにカップ方向が相殺される方向、即ち、表層塑性加工材の木表面側と隣接する塑性加工芯材の木裏面側を対向した配置、逆に、表層塑性加工材の木裏面側と隣接する塑性加工芯材の木表面側を対向した配置に重ねることによって、表層塑性加工材の意匠面にでてくるカップ量が小さくなり、床材に使用しても狂いが僅少である。特に、表層塑性加工材と塑性加工芯材を対向させて接着させているから、両者の歪力等は表層塑性加工材と塑性加工芯材との2種類の間で相殺され、かつ、その塑性加工芯材側に内層合板を重ね合わせるものであるから、内層合板にストレスが入り難い。即ち、積層材の全枚数が奇数枚のときに両者は互いにカップ方向が相殺され、表層塑性加工材の意匠面にでてくるカップ量が小さくなり、床材に使用しても狂いが僅少である。また、偶数枚のときに両者は互いにカップ方向が生じ難い組み合わせであり、表層塑性加工材の意匠面にでてくるカップ量が小さくなり、床材に使用しても狂いが僅少である。この要因は、発明者らの究明により、前記表層塑性加工材及び塑性加工芯材と塑性加工芯材(裏面側塑性加工芯材)に接合されている内層合板は、前記塑性加工芯材と塑性加工芯材(裏面側塑性加工芯材)によって内層合板の吸湿性を阻止するから、カップ量が少なくなることが確認された。
そして、前記塑性加工芯材に接合される内層合板は、複数枚の非圧縮の針葉樹の単板が互いの木目の長さ方向が直交するように接着されて複数枚積層され、かつ、単板の厚みが2mm〜5mmの範囲内にあることから、比重が小さくて強度や剛性が小さいという針葉樹の単板の欠点が補完されて、荷重等の外力が加えられた場合でもクラックが生じることがなく十分な強度や剛性を有すると共に、周囲環境条件の変化によって各針葉樹の単板にそれを変形させようとする力(膨張収縮力)が生じても、各針葉樹の単板が相互に作用しあって打ち消し合うことでバランスがとれ、寸法形状変化が防止される。また、内層合板の寸法形状変化が防止されることで、内層合板から表層塑性加工材への影響も少なくて表層塑性加工材とのバランスもよく、特に、この内層合板は表層塑性加工材に両者の接合面において互いの木目の長さ方向が直交するように接合されていることから、内層合板と表層塑性加工材とが相互に作用し合って一段と良好なバランスとなり、積層材全体の寸法形状変化が防止される。
更に、このように表層塑性加工材及び塑性加工芯材及び内層合板及び裏面側塑性加工芯材の4種類、基本的には、表層塑性加工材及び塑性加工芯材(裏面側塑性加工芯材)及び内層合板の3種類の加工木材によって傷跡や凹みの付き難さ、十分な強度及び剛性を確保し、寸法形状変化を防止しているため、低コスト化及び製造の容易化を図ることが可能である。また、表層塑性加工材及び塑性加工芯材と裏面側塑性加工芯材との間に内層合板を配置したものであるから、所定の厚みの積層材が得られ、しかも、内層合板の厚みによって任意の弾性とすることができる。
特に、表層塑性加工材と塑性加工芯材が直接、木表面と木裏面とを対向させて接合しているから、互いのカップ方向を直接相殺させて補正を行うものであり、緩衝が介在していないから、比較的癖の強いものでも表層塑性加工材と塑性加工芯材の厚み等で調節するのに好適である。また、表層塑性加工材に対して裏層塑性加工材が逆面に形成されているから、互いのカップ量に対して補正を行う力に緩衝が入るから、比較的小さいカップ量の調整もできる。即ち、積層材の全枚数が奇数枚のときに両者は互いにカップ方向が相殺され、表層塑性加工材の意匠面にでてくるカップ量が小さくなり、床材に使用しても狂いが僅少である。また、偶数枚のときに両者は互いにカップ方向が生じ難い組み合わせであり、表層塑性加工材の意匠面にでてくるカップ量が小さくなり、床材に使用しても狂いが僅少である。
加えて、本発明の積層材を釘を使用してフローリング、腰板等として張り合わせるとき、表層塑性加工材を傷つけることなく張り合わせが可能であり、また、釘によって止められる個所が柔らかいので正確に釘を打ち込める。また、釘の頭部と下地との間に適当な弾性を持たせることができる。しかも、釘止めは、他の塑性加工芯材、裏面側塑性加工芯材を貫通して行われるから安定した釘止めが可能となる。
このようにして、傷跡や凹みが付き難く、十分な強度や剛性、弾性を有し、また、製品化後に周囲環境条件が変化した場合におけるカップ量を含む寸法形状変化を防止でき、更に、低コスト化及び製造の容易化が可能であり、スギ材、ヒノキ材等の針葉樹の有効活用を図ることができる積層材となる。
According to the laminated material of the invention of claim 3, the thickness of the wood is obtained by an external force applied to the surface plastic working material to be a design surface in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain obtained by wood cutting of the plate. Is compressed in the heated state, the air-drying specific gravity is doubled or more by the consolidation process, the air-drying specific gravity is 0.7 or more, and the plastic processing core material consisting of one or more sheets to be stacked next is the length of the wood grain The thickness of the wood is compressed in a heated state by an external force applied in a direction perpendicular to the direction, the air-drying specific gravity is 1.5 times or more by compaction processing, and the air-drying specific gravity is 0.5 or more, Joining so that the length direction of the grain of the facing surface of the surface plastic working material is orthogonal to each other, then, the inner layer plywood laminated and bonded one or more sheets, the length direction of the grain of the facing surface of the plastic working core material Rotating uncompressed conifers so that the two are orthogonal to each other The thickness of the plate is within the range of 2 mm to 5 mm, and is joined to the opposing surface of the plastic core material. Further, the back side plastic core material consisting of one or more sheets is perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain. The thickness of the wood is heated and compressed by an external force applied in the direction, the air-drying specific gravity is 1.5 times or more and the air-drying specific gravity is 0.5 or more by consolidation, and the grain of the opposite surface of the inner plywood Are joined so that their length directions are orthogonal to each other.
As described above, the surface plastic working material is compressed by the external force applied in the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain, and the air-drying specific gravity is more than doubled by the compacting process. Since the specific gravity is 0.7 or more, the structure of the components constituting the cell wall in the surface plastic working material is dense, and the hardness and wear resistance are remarkably improved, and scars and dents are hardly attached. It has become.
Also, a plastic core material is provided opposite to the surface plastic work material, and both of them are in a direction in which the cup directions cancel each other, that is, the plastic work core material adjacent to the surface of the surface plastic work material. A cup that comes out on the design surface of the surface plastic work material by placing the back surface side facing each other, and conversely, overlapping the wood surface side of the plastic core material adjacent to the wood back surface side of the surface plastic work material facing each other The amount is small, and even if it is used for flooring, there is little error. In particular, since the surface plastic working material and the plastic core material are bonded to oppose each other, the strain force between the two is offset between the two types of the surface plastic working material and the plastic core material, and the plasticity Since the inner layer plywood is superimposed on the processed core material side, it is difficult for stress to enter the inner layer plywood. In other words, when the total number of laminated materials is an odd number, the cup directions of the two are offset each other, the amount of cup that appears on the design surface of the surface plastic working material is small, and even when used for flooring, there is little deviation. is there. Further, when the number of sheets is an even number, the two are a combination in which the cup direction is difficult to be generated, the amount of the cup that appears on the design surface of the surface plastic working material is small, and even if it is used for a floor material, there is little deviation. The reason for this is that, as a result of the inventors' investigation, the inner layer plywood joined to the surface layer plastic work material, the plastic work core material, and the plastic work core material (the back side plastic work core material) It was confirmed that the cup amount was reduced because the processed core material (back side plastic processed core material) prevented the hygroscopicity of the inner plywood.
And the inner layer plywood joined to the plastic processing core material, a plurality of non-compressed coniferous veneers are laminated so that the length direction of each grain is perpendicular to each other, Since the thickness of 2 mm to 5 mm is in the range of 2 mm to 5 mm, the disadvantage of the softwood veneer that the specific gravity is small and the strength and rigidity are small is complemented, and even when an external force such as a load is applied, a crack may occur. Even if it has sufficient strength and rigidity, and even if a force (expansion / shrinkage force) that causes deformation of each softwood veneer due to changes in the surrounding environmental conditions occurs, the veneers of each softwood will interact with each other. By canceling each other, a balance is obtained and a change in dimension and shape is prevented. In addition, by preventing the dimensional shape change of the inner plywood, there is little influence on the surface plastic working material from the inner layer plywood and the balance with the surface plastic working material is good. Since the joints of the two layers are joined so that the length directions of each grain are orthogonal to each other, the inner plywood and the surface plastic working material interact with each other to achieve a better balance, and the overall shape of the laminated material Changes are prevented.
Furthermore, the surface plastic working material, the plastic working core material, the inner layer plywood, and the back side plastic working core material, basically, the surface layer plastic working material and the plastic working core material (back side plastic working core material). In addition, the three types of processed wood of inner layer plywood ensure scars and dents, ensure sufficient strength and rigidity, and prevent dimensional changes, thus reducing costs and facilitating manufacturing. It is. In addition, since the inner layer plywood is disposed between the surface layer plastic working material and the plastic working core and the back side plastic working core, a laminated material having a predetermined thickness can be obtained, and any thickness can be obtained depending on the thickness of the inner layer plywood. Of elasticity.
In particular, the surface plastic work material and the plastic work core material are directly joined with the wood surface and the wood back surface facing each other, so correction is performed by directly canceling each other's cup direction, and there is a buffer. Therefore, even those having relatively strong wrinkles are suitable for adjusting the thickness of the surface layer plastic working material and the plastic working core material. In addition, since the back surface plastic working material is formed on the opposite surface with respect to the surface layer plastic working material, the force for correcting the mutual cup amount is buffered, so that a relatively small cup amount can be adjusted. . In other words, when the total number of laminated materials is an odd number, the cup directions of the two are offset each other, the amount of cup that appears on the design surface of the surface plastic working material is small, and even when used for flooring, there is little deviation. is there. Further, when the number of sheets is an even number, the two are a combination in which the cup direction is difficult to be generated, the amount of the cup that appears on the design surface of the surface plastic working material is small, and even if it is used for a floor material, there is little deviation.
In addition, when the laminate material of the present invention is laminated as a flooring, a waist plate, etc. using nails, it can be laminated without damaging the surface plastic working material, and the place where it is stopped by the nail is soft, so the nail is accurate Can be typed. Further, appropriate elasticity can be provided between the head of the nail and the base. In addition, since the nail fastening is performed through the other plastic processing core material and the back side plastic processing core material, stable nailing is possible.
In this way, scars and dents are difficult to be attached, it has sufficient strength, rigidity, and elasticity, and it can prevent changes in dimensions and shape including the cup amount when the ambient environmental conditions change after commercialization. Cost and ease of manufacture are possible, and a laminated material that can be effectively used for conifers such as cedar and cypress.

請求項4の発明の積層材によれば、意匠面となる表層塑性加工材を、板の木取りにより得た木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱状態で圧縮され、圧密加工により気乾比重を2倍以上で、かつ、気乾比重を0.7以上とし、次に重ねる1枚以上からなる前記表層塑性加工材の対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように非圧縮の針葉樹を回転させながら周方向に切削してなる単板を少なくとも1枚以上積層接着し、かつ、前記単板の厚みを2mm〜5mmの範囲内として前記表層塑性加工材の前記対向面に接合された内側の内層合板と、前記塑性加工芯材の対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように非圧縮の針葉樹を回転させながら切削してなる単板が少なくとも1枚以上積層接着され、かつ、前記単板の厚みを2mm〜5mmの範囲内として前記塑性加工芯材の前記対向面に接合された外側の内層合板で挟んだ1枚以上からなる塑性加工芯材は、木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱圧縮され、圧密加工により気乾比重を1.5倍以上で、かつ、気乾比重を0.5以上とし、前記内層合板の対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように接合して一体化したものである。
このように、表層塑性加工材は、木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力により、厚み全体が圧縮され、圧密加工により気乾比重を2倍以上で、かつ、気乾比重を0.7以上としたものであるから、表層塑性加工材における細胞壁を構成する成分の構造が密となって硬度や耐摩耗性等が著しく向上しており、傷跡や凹みが極めて付き難くなっている。
また、表層塑性加工材に対向して内側の内層合板を介して塑性加工芯材が設けられており、表層塑性加工材と塑性加工芯材とを互いにカップ量を少なくする方向、即ち、表層塑性加工材の木表面側と隣接する塑性加工芯材の木裏面側を対向した配置にするか、逆に、表層塑性加工材の木裏面側と隣接する塑性加工芯材の木表面側を対向した配置に重ねることによって、積層材の全枚数が奇数枚のときに両者は互いにカップ方向が相殺され、表層塑性加工材の意匠面にでてくるカップ量が小さくなり、床材に使用しても狂いが僅少である。また、偶数枚のときに両者は互いにカップ方向が生じ難い組み合わせであり、表層塑性加工材の意匠面にでてくるカップ量が小さくなり、床材に使用しても狂いが僅少である。この要因は、発明者らの究明により、前記表層塑性加工材と塑性加工芯材に接合されている内側の内層合板は、前記表層塑性加工材と塑性加工芯材によって内側の内層合板の吸湿性を阻止するから、カップ量が少なくなることが確認された。
特に、表層塑性加工材と塑性加工芯材を対向、その間に内側の内層合板が接合されているから、両者の歪力等は表層塑性加工材と1枚の塑性加工芯材との2種類の間で少なくし、かつ、その塑性加工芯材側に内側の内層合板を重ね合わせるものであるから、他の塑性加工芯材にストレスが入り難い。
なお、本発明では、塑性加工芯材が対になっており、一方の塑性加工芯材の木表面側と隣接する他方の塑性加工芯材の木裏面側を対向配置にするか、一方の塑性加工芯材の木裏面側と隣接する他方の塑性加工芯材の木表面側を対向した配置にすると、2枚の塑性加工芯材を芯としてカップ量を相殺させておけば、表層塑性加工材の意匠面にでてくるカップ量を小さくすることができる。したがって、一方の塑性加工芯材の木表面側と隣接する塑性加工芯材の木裏面側を対向した配置、他方の塑性加工芯材の木裏面側と隣接する塑性加工芯材の木表面側を対向した配置に拘束されるものではない。
そして、前記塑性加工芯材に接合される内側内層合板及び外側内層合板は、複数枚の非圧縮の針葉樹の単板が互いの木目の長さ方向が直交するように接着されて複数枚積層され、かつ、単板の厚みが2mm〜5mmの範囲内にあることから、比重が小さくて強度や剛性が小さいという針葉樹の単板の欠点が補完されて、荷重等の外力が加えられた場合でもクラックが生じることがなく十分な強度や剛性を有すると共に、周囲環境条件の変化によって各針葉樹の単板にそれを変形させようとする力(膨張収縮力)が生じても、各針葉樹の単板が相互に作用し、打ち消し合うことでバランスがとれて、寸法形状変化が防止される。また、内側内層合板及び外側内層合板の寸法形状変化が、その間の塑性加工芯材で防止されることで、表層塑性加工材への影響も少なくて表層塑性加工材と塑性加工芯材とのバランスもよく、特に、この内側内層合板及び外側内層合板は塑性加工芯材の両接合面において互いの木目の長さ方向が直交するように接合されていることから、内側内層合板及び外側内層合板と表層塑性加工材とが相互に作用し合って一段と良好なバランスとなり、積層材全体の寸法形状変化が防止される。
更に、このように表層塑性加工材及び内側内層合板及び塑性加工芯材及び外側内層合板の4種類の、基本的には、表層塑性加工材及び内側内層合板(外側内層合板)及び塑性加工芯材の4種類の加工木材によって傷跡や凹みの付き難さ、十分な強度及び剛性を確保し、寸法形状変化を防止しているため、低コスト化及び製造の容易化を図ることが可能である。また、表層塑性加工材と塑性加工芯材との間に内側内層合板を配置したものであるから、所定の厚みの積層材が得られ、しかも、内側内層合板及び外側内層合板の厚みによって任意の弾性とすることができる。
特に、表層塑性加工材と塑性加工芯材が間接的に接合しているから、互いのカップ量に対して緩衝するから間接的に補正を行うことになり、比較的癖の弱いもので、表層塑性加工材と塑性加工芯材の厚み、内側内層合板及び外側内層合板の厚み、材料等で調節するのに好適である。また、表層塑性加工材に対して裏層塑性加工材が逆面に形成されているから、互いのカップ量に対して補正を行う力に緩衝が入るから、比較的小さいカップ量の調整もできる。積層材の全枚数が奇数枚のときに両者は互いにカップ方向が相殺され、表層塑性加工材の意匠面にでてくるカップ量が小さくなり、床材に使用しても狂いが僅少である。また、偶数枚のときに両者は互いにカップ方向が生じ難い組み合わせであり、表層塑性加工材の意匠面にでてくるカップ量が小さくなり、床材に使用しても狂いが僅少である。
加えて、本発明の積層材を釘を使用してフローリング、腰板等として張り合わせるとき、表層塑性加工材を傷つけることなく張り合わせが可能であり、また、釘によって止められる個所が柔らかいので正確に釘を打ち込める。また、釘の頭部と下地との間に適当な弾性を持たせることができる。
このようにして、傷跡や凹みが付き難く、十分な強度や剛性、弾性を有し、また、製品化後に周囲環境条件が変化した場合におけるカップ量を含む寸法形状変化を防止でき、更に、低コスト化及び製造の容易化が可能であり、スギ材、ヒノキ材等の針葉樹の有効活用を図ることができる積層材となる。
According to the laminated material of the invention of claim 4, the thickness of the wood is obtained by an external force applied in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain of the wood obtained by cutting the surface layer plastic working material serving as a design surface. Is compressed in a heated state, the air-dry specific gravity is doubled or more by consolidation, and the air-dry specific gravity is 0.7 or more. At least one or more single plates cut in the circumferential direction while rotating non-compressed conifers so that the length directions are orthogonal to each other are laminated and bonded, and the thickness of the single plate is in the range of 2 mm to 5 mm. Cutting while rotating an uncompressed conifer so that the inner inner layer plywood joined to the facing surface of the surface plastic working material and the length direction of the wood of the facing surface of the plastic working core material are orthogonal to each other At least one single plate is laminated and bonded And the plastic core material composed of one or more sheets sandwiched by the outer inner plywood bonded to the facing surface of the plastic core material with a thickness of the single plate within a range of 2 mm to 5 mm is made of wood. The thickness of the wood is heat-compressed by an external force applied in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the grain, and the air-drying specific gravity is 1.5 times or more and the air-drying specific gravity is 0.5 or more by consolidation. The inner layer plywood is joined and integrated so that the length directions of the grains on the opposing surface are orthogonal to each other.
As described above, the surface plastic working material is compressed by the external force applied in the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain, and the air-drying specific gravity is more than doubled by the compacting process. Since the specific gravity is 0.7 or more, the structure of the components constituting the cell wall in the surface plastic working material is dense, and the hardness and wear resistance are remarkably improved, and scars and dents are hardly attached. It has become.
In addition, a plastic core material is provided through an inner inner plywood facing the surface plastic working material, and the surface plastic working material and the plastic core material are in the direction of reducing the cup amount, that is, the surface plasticity. Arrange the wood back side of the plastic core that is adjacent to the wood surface side of the work material, or conversely, face the wood surface side of the plastic core material that is adjacent to the wood back side of the surface plastic work material. By overlapping the arrangement, when the total number of laminated materials is an odd number, both of them cancel each other out of the cup direction, and the amount of the cup that appears on the design surface of the surface plastic working material is reduced. There is little madness. Further, when the number of sheets is an even number, the two are a combination in which the cup direction is difficult to be generated, the amount of the cup that appears on the design surface of the surface plastic working material is small, and even if it is used for a floor material, there is little deviation. According to the inventors' investigation, the inner inner layer plywood joined to the surface plastic working material and the plastic core material is the hygroscopic property of the inner inner layer plywood by the surface plastic working material and the plastic core material. It was confirmed that the amount of cup was reduced.
In particular, since the surface plastic working material and the plastic core material are opposed to each other, and the inner inner plywood is joined between them, the two types of strain force, etc., of the surface plastic working material and one plastic core material Since the inner inner layer plywood is overlapped on the plastic processing core material side, stress is hardly applied to other plastic processing core materials.
In the present invention, the plastic working core material is paired, and the wood surface side of one plastic working core material is arranged opposite to the wood back surface side of the other plastic working core material, or the plasticity of one plastic working core material is arranged. If the wood surface side of the other plastic processing core material adjacent to the wood back surface side of the processing core material is placed opposite, the surface layer plastic processing material can be obtained by offsetting the cup amount with the two plastic processing core materials as the core. The amount of cup that appears on the design surface can be reduced. Therefore, an arrangement is made so that the wood back side of the plastic processing core material adjacent to the wood surface side of one plastic processing core material is opposed to the wood surface side of the plastic processing core material adjacent to the wood back surface side of the other plastic processing core material. It is not restricted to the opposing arrangement.
And, the inner inner layer plywood and the outer inner layer plywood to be joined to the plastic core material are laminated by laminating a plurality of uncompressed conifer veneers so that the length directions of each grain are orthogonal to each other. And, since the thickness of the veneer is in the range of 2 mm to 5 mm, even when external force such as load is applied, the disadvantage of the veneer veneer that the specific gravity is small and the strength and rigidity are small is complemented. Each conifer veneer has sufficient strength and rigidity without cracks, and even if a force (expansion and contraction force) is generated on each veneer veneer due to changes in ambient environmental conditions. Interact with each other and cancel each other to achieve balance and prevent dimensional changes. In addition, the dimensional shape change of the inner inner layer plywood and the outer inner layer plywood is prevented by the plastic processing core material between them, and there is little influence on the surface plastic processing material, and the balance between the surface plastic processing material and the plastic processing core material is reduced. In particular, since the inner inner layer plywood and the outer inner layer plywood are joined so that the length directions of the grain of each other are orthogonal to each other at the joint surfaces of the plastic working core material, the inner inner layer plywood and the outer inner layer plywood The surface plastic working material interacts with each other to achieve a better balance, and the dimensional shape change of the entire laminated material is prevented.
Further, the surface plastic working material, the inner inner layer plywood, the plastic working core material, and the outer inner layer plywood, basically, the surface layer plastic working material, the inner inner layer plywood (outer inner layer plywood), and the plastic working core material. These four types of processed wood ensure that scars and dents are not easily attached, sufficient strength and rigidity, and prevent dimensional and shape changes, thus making it possible to reduce costs and facilitate manufacturing. Moreover, since the inner inner layer plywood is disposed between the surface plastic working material and the plastic core material, a laminated material having a predetermined thickness can be obtained, and any thickness can be obtained depending on the thickness of the inner inner layer plywood and the outer inner layer plywood. It can be elastic.
In particular, since the surface plastic working material and the plastic core material are joined indirectly, the amount of the cup is mutually buffered, so correction is made indirectly, and the surface layer is relatively weak. It is suitable for adjusting the thickness of the plastic working material and the plastic working core material, the thickness of the inner inner layer plywood and the outer inner layer plywood, the material, and the like. In addition, since the back surface plastic working material is formed on the opposite surface with respect to the surface layer plastic working material, the force for correcting the mutual cup amount is buffered, so that a relatively small cup amount can be adjusted. . When the total number of laminated materials is an odd number, the directions of the cups cancel each other, the amount of the cup that appears on the design surface of the surface plastic working material becomes small, and even when used as a flooring, there is little deviation. Further, when the number of sheets is an even number, the two are a combination in which the cup direction is difficult to be generated, the amount of the cup that appears on the design surface of the surface plastic working material is small, and even if it is used for a floor material, there is little deviation.
In addition, when the laminate material of the present invention is laminated as a flooring, a waist plate, etc. using nails, it can be laminated without damaging the surface plastic working material, and the place where it is stopped by the nail is soft, so the nail is accurate Can be typed. Further, appropriate elasticity can be provided between the head of the nail and the base.
In this way, scars and dents are difficult to be attached, it has sufficient strength, rigidity, and elasticity, and it can prevent changes in dimensions and shape including the cup amount when the ambient environmental conditions change after commercialization. Cost and ease of manufacture are possible, and a laminated material that can be effectively used for conifers such as cedar and cypress.

請求項5の積層材の前記表層塑性加工材と前記塑性加工芯材は、互いに圧密加工を行った材料であり、カップ方向を異にするものであるから、請求項1乃至請求項4のいずれか1つに記載の積層材の特徴に加えて、前記表層塑性加工材と前記塑性加工芯材が互いにカップ方向を異にするから、互いのカップ量が相殺でき前記表層塑性加工材の意匠面に乱れが使用じない。   The surface plastic working material and the plastic core material of the laminated material according to claim 5 are materials subjected to compaction processing and different cup directions, so any one of claims 1 to 4 In addition to the characteristics of the laminated material according to any one of the above, since the surface plastic working material and the plastic working core material have different cup directions, the cup amount of each other can be offset and the design surface of the surface plastic working material Disturbance cannot be used.

図1は本発明の実施の形態1にかかる積層材を構成する表層塑性加工材及び塑性加工芯材、裏層塑性加工材を製造する塑性加工材製造装置の概略構成を示す断面図である。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a plastic working material production apparatus for producing a surface plastic working material, a plastic working core material, and a back layer plastic working material constituting the laminated material according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 図2は本発明の実施の形態1にかかる積層材の表層塑性加工材の製造工程を説明するための説明図で、(a)は原材料となる加工前木材の供給の説明図、(b)は加熱圧縮開始状態による説明図、(c)は密閉加熱圧縮開始状態による説明図、(d)は密閉加熱圧縮状態による蒸気圧制御処理の説明図、(e)は密閉冷却状態による説明図、(f)は圧密加工された木材(塑性加工材)の取り出しの説明図である。FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the manufacturing process of the surface plastic working material of the laminated material according to the first embodiment of the present invention, (a) is an explanatory diagram of the supply of unprocessed wood as a raw material, (b) Is an explanatory diagram according to a heating compression start state, (c) is an explanatory diagram according to a sealed heating compression start state, (d) is an explanatory diagram of a vapor pressure control process according to a sealed heating compression state, (e) is an explanatory diagram according to a sealed cooling state, (F) is explanatory drawing of taking-out of the wood (plastic work material) by which the compaction process was carried out. 図3は本発明の実施の形態1にかかる積層材の表層塑性加工材を形成するための原材料となる加工前木材の板目面、柾目面、木口面を示す部分斜視図である。FIG. 3 is a partial perspective view showing a plate surface, a grid surface, and a mouth end surface of the unprocessed wood that is a raw material for forming the surface plastic working material of the laminated material according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 図4は本発明の実施の形態1にかかる積層材を構成する内層合板の単板の製造工程を示す説明図である。FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a manufacturing process of a single plate of the inner plywood constituting the laminated material according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 図5は本発明の実施の形態1にかかる積層材を構成する内層合板の製造手順を説明するための説明図で、(a)は奇数枚の針葉樹の単板が積層される状態の説明図、(b)は針葉樹の単板が奇数枚積層された切削加工前の状態を示す説明図、(c)は切削加工されて針葉樹の単板が偶数枚積層された本実施の形態1にかかる内層合板を示す説明図である。FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a manufacturing procedure of the inner plywood constituting the laminated material according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and (a) is an explanatory diagram of a state in which odd-numbered coniferous veneers are stacked. (B) is explanatory drawing which shows the state before the cutting process by which the single sheet of coniferous trees was laminated | stacked, (c) is applied to this Embodiment 1 by which it cut and processed the even single sheet of coniferous trees. It is explanatory drawing which shows an inner layer plywood. 図6は本発明の実施の形態1にかかる積層材の展開構成図(a)及び接合構成を説明するための説明図(b)である。6A and 6B are an exploded configuration diagram (a) and an explanatory diagram (b) for explaining a joining configuration of the laminated material according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 図7は本発明の実施の形態2にかかる積層材の展開構成図(a)及び接合構成を説明するための説明図(b)である。FIG. 7: is the expanded block diagram (a) of the laminated material concerning Embodiment 2 of this invention, and explanatory drawing (b) for demonstrating a joining structure. 図8は本発明の実施の形態3にかかる積層材の展開構成図(a)及び接合構成を説明するための説明図(b)である。FIG. 8: is the expanded block diagram (a) of the laminated material concerning Embodiment 3 of this invention, and explanatory drawing (b) for demonstrating a joining structure. 図9は本発明の実施の形態4にかかる積層材の展開構成図(a)及び接合構成を説明するための説明図(b)である。FIG. 9: is the expanded block diagram (a) of the laminated material concerning Embodiment 4 of this invention, and explanatory drawing (b) for demonstrating a joining structure. 図10は本発明の実施の形態1乃至実施の形態4にかかる積層材の吸湿乾燥によるカップ量を示す特性図である。FIG. 10 is a characteristic diagram showing a cup amount by moisture absorption drying of the laminated material according to the first to fourth embodiments of the present invention.

以下、本発明の実施の形態について、図面を参照しながら説明する。
なお、実施の形態において、同一の記号及び同一の符号は同一または相当する部分及び機能を意味し、各実施の形態相互の同一の記号及び同一の符号は、それら実施の形態1に共通する機能部分であるから、ここでは重複する詳細な説明を省略する。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In the embodiments, the same symbols and the same symbols mean the same or corresponding parts and functions, and the same symbols and the same symbols in the embodiments are functions common to those of the first embodiment. Since it is a part, the detailed description which overlaps here is abbreviate | omitted.

[実施の形態1]
まず、本発明の実施の形態1の積層材について、図1乃至図10を参照して説明する。
最初に、本実施の形態にかかる積層材を構成する表層塑性加工材SPWを製造する手順について、まず、図1乃至図3を参照して説明する。
[Embodiment 1]
First, the laminated material of Embodiment 1 of this invention is demonstrated with reference to FIG. 1 thru | or FIG.
First, a procedure for manufacturing the surface plastic working material SPW constituting the laminated material according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.

図1において、本実施の形態1の表層塑性加工材SPWを製造する塑性加工材製造装置1は、主として、上プレス盤10Aと下プレス盤10Bとの2分割された構造体によって内部空間ISを形成するプレス盤10と、下プレス盤10Bの周縁部10bに対向する上プレス盤10Aの周縁部10aに配設され、上プレス盤10Aの所定の上下動の範囲で内部空間ISを密閉状態とするシール部材11と、上プレス盤10Aの上面側から内部空間IS内に連通され、内部空間IS内に蒸気を供給するための配管口12aを有する配管12と、その上流側のバルブV4と、下プレス盤10Bの側面側から内部空間IS内に連通され、内部空間IS内から水蒸気を排出するための配管口13aを有する配管13と、配管13内の蒸気圧を検出する圧力計P2と、その下流側のバルブV5と、バルブV5に接続されたドレン配管14等から構成されている。   In FIG. 1, a plastic working material manufacturing apparatus 1 that manufactures a surface layer plastic working material SPW according to Embodiment 1 has an internal space IS mainly formed by a two-divided structure of an upper press board 10A and a lower press board 10B. The press machine 10 to be formed and the peripheral part 10a of the upper press machine 10A facing the peripheral part 10b of the lower press machine 10B are arranged in a sealed state within the predetermined vertical movement range of the upper press machine 10A. A sealing member 11, a pipe 12 communicated into the internal space IS from the upper surface side of the upper press panel 10A, and having a pipe port 12a for supplying steam into the internal space IS, a valve V4 on the upstream side thereof, A pipe 13 having a pipe port 13a that communicates with the inside space IS from the side surface of the lower press panel 10B and discharges water vapor from the inside space IS, and a pressure for detecting the vapor pressure in the pipe 13 A total of P2, and the valve V5 on the downstream side, and a connected drain pipe 14, etc. to the valve V5.

また、プレス盤10の上プレス盤10A及び下プレス盤10B内には、それらを高温の水蒸気を通すことによって所望の温度に昇温するための配管路15,16が形成されており、これら配管路15,16には蒸気供給側の配管ST1から分岐された配管ST2,ST3、蒸気排出側の配管ET1,ET2がそれぞれ接続されている。そして、蒸気供給側の配管ST1,ST2,ST3の途中にはバルブV1,V2,V3、配管ST1内の蒸気圧を検出する圧力計P1が配設されており、蒸気排出側の配管ET1,ET2は、バルブV6を介してドレン配管14に接続されている。   Further, in the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B of the press board 10, pipe lines 15 and 16 are formed for raising the temperature to a desired temperature by passing high-temperature steam. Pipes ST2 and ST3 branched from the steam supply side pipe ST1 and steam discharge side pipes ET1 and ET2 are connected to the paths 15 and 16, respectively. Further, in the middle of the steam supply side pipes ST1, ST2, ST3, valves V1, V2, V3 and a pressure gauge P1 for detecting the steam pressure in the pipe ST1 are arranged, and the steam discharge side pipes ET1, ET2 Is connected to the drain pipe 14 via a valve V6.

なお、配管ST1に水蒸気を供給するボイラ装置、また、プレス盤10の固定側の下プレス盤10Bに対して上プレス盤10Aを上昇/下降させ加圧するための油圧機構を含むプレス昇降装置は省略されている。
本実施の形態1では、プレス盤10の上プレス盤10A及び下プレス盤10Bで形成される内部空間IS内を加熱するためにバルブV4に接続された配管12を用いて高温の水蒸気を導入しているが、この他、高周波加熱、マイクロ波加熱等を用いることも可能である。特に、木材に対する高周波加熱は、マイクロ波による誘電過熱よりも、マイクロ波よりも若干周波数の低い高周波で、木材の中心から加熱する方法が好適である。
In addition, the boiler apparatus which supplies water vapor | steam to piping ST1, and the press raising / lowering apparatus containing the hydraulic mechanism for raising / lowering and pressurizing the upper press board 10A with respect to the lower press board 10B of the fixed side of the press board 10 are abbreviate | omitted. Has been.
In the first embodiment, high-temperature steam is introduced using the pipe 12 connected to the valve V4 in order to heat the interior space IS formed by the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B of the press board 10. However, it is also possible to use high-frequency heating, microwave heating, or the like. In particular, for the high-frequency heating of wood, a method of heating from the center of wood at a high frequency slightly lower than that of microwave is preferable to dielectric overheating by microwave.

更に、プレス盤10には、上プレス盤10A及び下プレス盤10B内に形成された配管路15,16に水蒸気に換えて低温の冷却水を通すことによって所望の温度に冷却する冷却水供給側の配管ST11から分岐された配管ST12,ST13が、上記配管ST2,ST3にそれぞれ接続されている。また、冷却水供給側の配管ST11,ST12,ST13の途中にはバルブV11,V12,V13が配設されている。なお、配管ST11に冷却水を供給する冷却水供給装置は省略されている。
勿論、本発明を実施する場合には、プレス盤10にてプレス圧縮される面は、木目の長さ方向にある木口面以外であれば柾目面でもよく、板目面側をプレス圧縮するかまたは柾目面側をプレス圧縮するかの加熱圧縮の方向性は加工前木材NWの種類等が考慮され、加熱圧縮の際に木目の座屈変形が抑えられて目割れが発生し難い方向に選定される。
Further, on the press board 10, a cooling water supply side that cools to a desired temperature by passing low-temperature cooling water in place of water vapor through the pipes 15 and 16 formed in the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B. Pipes ST12 and ST13 branched from the pipe ST11 are connected to the pipes ST2 and ST3, respectively. Further, valves V11, V12, V13 are arranged in the middle of the pipes ST11, ST12, ST13 on the cooling water supply side. In addition, the cooling water supply apparatus which supplies cooling water to piping ST11 is abbreviate | omitted.
Of course, when the present invention is carried out, the surface to be press-compressed by the press panel 10 may be a square surface as long as it is other than the end surface in the length direction of the grain, and is the surface of the grain surface pressed? Alternatively, the direction of heat compression for press-compressing the side of the grid surface is selected in consideration of the type of wood NW before processing and the like, so that buckling deformation of the wood is suppressed during heat compression and cracking is unlikely to occur. Is done.

そして、このように構成される塑性加工材製造装置1によって加工前木材NWから表層塑性加工材SPWを製造するにあたり、まず、図2(a)に示すように、塑性加工材製造装置1におけるプレス盤10の固定側の下プレス盤10Bに対して上プレス盤10Aが上昇され、予め所定の条件に乾燥させた加工前木材NWが、上プレス盤10A及び下プレス盤10Bで形成される内部空間IS内に載置される。
ここで、本実施の形態1においては、表層塑性加工材SPWの原材料となる加工前木材NWは、スギ材からなるものであり、前以って板の木取りにより得た所定の寸法(厚み・幅・長さ)に製材されたものである。図3に示すように、この加工前木材NWは、通常、木口面(2面)、板目面(木表及び木裏の2面)、柾目面(2面)を有しており、本実施の形態1においては、木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向で年輪の内側の平面となる板目面の木裏側をプレス盤10の下プレス盤10Bに載置した。
When the surface plastic working material SPW is manufactured from the pre-processing wood NW by the plastic working material manufacturing apparatus 1 configured as described above, first, as shown in FIG. 2A, the press in the plastic working material manufacturing apparatus 1 is performed. An internal space in which the upper press board 10A is raised with respect to the lower press board 10B on the fixed side of the board 10 and the unprocessed wood NW that has been dried in advance to a predetermined condition is formed by the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B. Placed in the IS.
Here, in the first embodiment, the unprocessed wood NW that is the raw material of the surface plastic working material SPW is made of cedar wood, and has a predetermined dimension (thickness / (Width / length). As shown in FIG. 3, this unprocessed wood NW usually has a front end (2 sides), a grain face (2 sides of the wood front and back), and a cross face (2 sides). In the first embodiment, the back side of the grain surface, which is a plane inside the annual ring in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the grain, is placed on the lower press board 10B of the press board 10.

なお、板の木取りにより得た木材には一般的にヤ二が存在し、特に針葉樹においてはその量が多いことから、気乾比重が0.7以上となるようにスギ材等を圧縮した場合、ヤ二が多く表出し、商品としての品質が損なわれたり、ヤ二除去に多大な手間がかかったりすることが懸念される。このため、表層塑性加工材SPWを形成するための加工前木材NWには、辺材(白太・白身)を用いるのが好適である。これにより、圧縮によるヤ二の表出量を抑制することができる。また、辺材は心材(赤身)に比べ明るい色彩であることから、辺材を用いることで、圧縮したときの濃色変化が心材を用いた場合よりも抑制され、良好な外観が保持される。しかし、本発明を実施する場合には、表層塑性加工材SPWに心材が存在していても構わない。   In addition, when wood is obtained by wood cutting, there is generally Yani, especially in coniferous trees, so the amount is large, so when cedar wood is compressed so that the air-dry specific gravity is 0.7 or more There is a concern that a lot of Yanji will be exposed, the quality of the product will be impaired, and it will take much time to remove Yani. For this reason, it is preferable to use sapwood (white / white) for the unprocessed wood NW for forming the surface plastic working material SPW. Thereby, it is possible to suppress the appearance amount of the yarn due to the compression. Moreover, since the sapwood has a brighter color than the heartwood (red meat), the use of the sapwood suppresses dark color changes when compressed, and maintains a good appearance. . However, when carrying out the present invention, a core material may be present in the surface plastic working material SPW.

続いて、図2(b)に示すように、固定側の下プレス盤10B上に載置された加工前木材NWに対して上プレス盤10Aを所定圧力にて下降させて加工前木材NWの上面、即ち、本実施の形態1においては、木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向で年輪の外側の平面となる板目面の木表側に当接させる。そして、上プレス盤10Aの配管路15及び下プレス盤10Bの配管路16に所定温度(例えば、110〜160〔℃〕)の水蒸気が通され、内部空間IS内が所定温度(例えば、110〜180〔℃〕)に保持される。   Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 2B, the upper press disk 10A is lowered at a predetermined pressure with respect to the unprocessed wood NW placed on the fixed-side lower press disk 10B, and the unprocessed wood NW In the upper surface, that is, in the first embodiment, it is brought into contact with the wood surface side of the grain surface, which is a plane outside the annual ring in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the grain. Then, water vapor of a predetermined temperature (for example, 110 to 160 [° C.]) is passed through the piping path 15 of the upper press panel 10A and the piping path 16 of the lower press panel 10B, and the interior space IS has a predetermined temperature (for example, 110 to 110). 180 [° C.]).

次に、固定側の下プレス盤10Bに対して上プレス盤10Aの圧縮圧力が所定圧力(例えば、2〜5〔MPa〕)に設定され、加工前木材NWが上プレス盤10A及び下プレス盤10Bにて所定時間(例えば、5〜40〔min:分〕)加熱圧縮される。なお、このときの圧縮圧力は、割れを防止するために、加工前木材NWの温度上昇、即ち、加工前木材NWの内部の温度の伝達状態に応じて徐々に大きくするのが望ましく、加熱圧縮の時間も伝達時間を考慮して設定するのが好ましい。   Next, the compression pressure of the upper press board 10A is set to a predetermined pressure (for example, 2 to 5 [MPa]) with respect to the lower press board 10B on the fixed side, and the unprocessed wood NW becomes the upper press board 10A and the lower press board. 10B is heated and compressed for a predetermined time (for example, 5 to 40 [min: min]). In order to prevent cracking, it is desirable that the compression pressure at this time be gradually increased according to the temperature rise of the unprocessed wood NW, that is, the temperature transmission state inside the unprocessed wood NW. It is preferable to set the time in consideration of the transmission time.

さらに、図2(c)に示すように、上プレス盤10Aの周縁部10aが下プレス盤10Bの周縁部10bに当接すると上プレス盤10Aの周縁部10aに配設されたシール部材11によって、上プレス盤10A及び下プレス盤10Bにて形成される内部空間ISが密閉状態となる。そして、内部空間ISの密閉状態で上プレス盤10A及び下プレス盤10Bによる圧縮圧力が保持されたまま、所定温度(例えば、150〜210〔℃〕)まで上昇される。   Further, as shown in FIG. 2 (c), when the peripheral portion 10a of the upper press panel 10A comes into contact with the peripheral portion 10b of the lower press panel 10B, the sealing member 11 disposed on the peripheral portion 10a of the upper press panel 10A. The internal space IS formed by the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B is in a sealed state. And it is raised to predetermined temperature (for example, 150-210 [degreeC]), with the compression pressure by the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B being hold | maintained in the sealing state of internal space IS.

なお、本実施の形態1において、プレス盤10の上プレス盤10A及び下プレス盤10Bによって形成される内部空間ISがシール部材11を介して密閉状態となったときにおける内部空間ISの上下方向の寸法間隔は、プレス盤10によって加工前木材NWが気乾比重0.7以上の表層塑性加工材SPWとなるときの厚み方向の仕上がり寸法に設定されている。このため、加工前木材NWの厚み全体の圧縮率、即ち、加工前木材NWの圧縮による板厚の変化は、上プレス盤10Aの周縁部10aが下プレス盤10Bの周縁部10bに当接することで決まることとなる。   In the first embodiment, the internal space IS formed by the upper press panel 10A and the lower press panel 10B of the press panel 10 is hermetically sealed via the seal member 11 in the vertical direction of the internal space IS. The dimension interval is set to the finished dimension in the thickness direction when the pre-processed wood NW becomes a surface layer plastic processed material SPW having an air-dry specific gravity of 0.7 or more by the press board 10. For this reason, the compression ratio of the whole thickness of the unprocessed wood NW, that is, the change in the plate thickness due to the compression of the unprocessed wood NW is that the peripheral edge portion 10a of the upper press panel 10A comes into contact with the peripheral edge part 10b of the lower press panel 10B. It will be decided by.

そして、図2(c)に示す内部空間ISの密閉状態で、上プレス盤10A及び下プレス盤10Bの圧縮圧力が維持され、かつ、内部空間ISが所定温度(例えば、150〜210〔℃〕)のまま、所定時間(例えば、30〜120〔min〕)保持され、この後の冷却圧縮を解除したときに、戻りのない表層塑性加工材SPWを形成するための加熱処理が行われる。このとき、上プレス盤10A及び下プレス盤10Bで密閉状態とされている内部空間ISを介して、加工前木材NWの周囲面とその内部とでは高温高圧の蒸気圧が出入り自在となっている。
なお、このように、本実施の形態1においては、加工前木材NWの表裏面に上プレス盤10A及び下プレス盤10Bが面接触し、密閉状態の内部空間ISに保持されるため、加工前木材NWは、厚み全体が十分に加熱され、効率よく圧縮変形されることになる。
Then, in the sealed state of the internal space IS shown in FIG. 2C, the compression pressure of the upper press panel 10A and the lower press panel 10B is maintained, and the internal space IS has a predetermined temperature (for example, 150 to 210 [° C.]). ) Is maintained for a predetermined time (for example, 30 to 120 [min]), and when the subsequent cooling and compression is released, a heat treatment is performed to form the surface plastic working material SPW that does not return. At this time, high-temperature and high-pressure vapor pressure can freely enter and leave the surrounding surface of the unprocessed wood NW and the inside thereof through the internal space IS that is sealed by the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B. .
As described above, in the first embodiment, the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B are brought into surface contact with the front and back surfaces of the unprocessed wood NW and are held in the sealed internal space IS. The entire thickness of the wood NW is sufficiently heated and is efficiently compressed and deformed.

次に、図2(d)に示すように、内部空間ISの密閉状態で加熱圧縮処理が行われているときに、蒸気圧制御処理として圧力計P2で内部空間ISの蒸気圧が検出され、バルブV5が適宜、開閉される。これにより、配管口13a、配管13を通って内部空間ISからドレン配管14側に高温高圧の水蒸気が排出されることで、特に、加工前木材NWの外層部分の含水率に基づく余分な内部空間IS内の水分が除去され、内部空間IS内が所定の蒸気圧となるように調節される。また、必要に応じて、バルブV4に接続された配管12、配管口12a(図1)を介して内部空間ISに所定の蒸気圧を供給することができる。これらにより、木材の加熱圧縮処理の定着、所謂、木材の固定化がより促進されることとなる。
さらに、上プレス盤10A及び下プレス盤10Bによる加熱圧縮から冷却圧縮へと移行する直前に、蒸気圧制御処理としてバルブV5が開状態とされることで配管口13a、配管13を通って内部空間ISからドレン配管14側に高温高圧の水蒸気が排出される。
Next, as shown in FIG. 2D, when the heat compression process is performed in a sealed state of the internal space IS, the vapor pressure of the internal space IS is detected by the pressure gauge P2 as a vapor pressure control process. The valve V5 is appropriately opened and closed. As a result, high-temperature and high-pressure steam is discharged from the internal space IS to the drain pipe 14 side through the pipe port 13a and the pipe 13, and in particular, an extra internal space based on the moisture content of the outer layer portion of the unprocessed wood NW. The moisture in the IS is removed, and the interior space IS is adjusted to have a predetermined vapor pressure. Further, if necessary, a predetermined vapor pressure can be supplied to the internal space IS through the pipe 12 and the pipe port 12a (FIG. 1) connected to the valve V4. As a result, the fixing of the heat compression treatment of the wood, that is, the so-called immobilization of the wood is further promoted.
Furthermore, the valve V5 is opened as a vapor pressure control process immediately before shifting from the heating compression to the cooling compression by the upper press panel 10A and the lower press panel 10B, so that the internal space passes through the piping port 13a and the piping 13. High-temperature and high-pressure steam is discharged from the IS to the drain pipe 14 side.

続いて、図2(e)に示すように、上プレス盤10Aの配管路15及び下プレス盤10Bの配管路16に常温の冷却水が通されることによって、上プレス盤10A及び下プレス盤10Bが常温前後まで冷却され、材料によって異なる所定時間(例えば、10〜120〔min〕)保持される。なお、このときの固定側の下プレス盤10Bに対する上プレス盤10Aの圧縮圧力は、加熱圧縮の際の圧力と同じ所定圧力(例えば、2〜5〔MPa〕)に保持されたまま、上プレス盤10A及び下プレス盤10Bが冷却される。
そして、最後に、図2(f)に示すように、固定側の下プレス盤10Bに対して上プレス盤10Aを上昇させ、内部空間ISから仕上がり品である表層塑性加工材SPWが取出されることで一連の処理工程が終了する。
Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 2 (e), the normal press water is passed through the piping path 15 of the upper press board 10A and the piping path 16 of the lower press board 10B, so that the upper press board 10A and the lower press board are passed. 10B is cooled to around normal temperature and held for a predetermined time (for example, 10 to 120 [min]) depending on the material. At this time, the compression pressure of the upper press panel 10A with respect to the lower press panel 10B on the fixed side is maintained at the same predetermined pressure (for example, 2 to 5 [MPa]) as the pressure at the time of heat compression. The board 10A and the lower press board 10B are cooled.
Finally, as shown in FIG. 2 (f), the upper press platen 10A is raised with respect to the fixed-side lower press platen 10B, and the surface plastic working material SPW as a finished product is taken out from the internal space IS. This completes a series of processing steps.

このようにして、木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、木材の厚みが加熱圧縮され、圧密加工されて気乾比重を0.7以上とした表層塑性加工材SPWが製造される。
なお、本実施の形態1においては、蒸気圧を制御したのち、徐々に解圧して内部蒸気圧を開放し、また、冷却によって木材内の水蒸気圧を下げて定着させるので、冷却圧縮を解除したときに膨らみ変形やパンクと呼ばれる表面割れのない表層塑性加工材SPWを形成できる。即ち、本実施の形態1の表層塑性加工材SPWは、圧縮解除後に膨らみ変形や表面割れを生じることがなくて安定した品質が確保されている。本実施の形態1では、上プレス盤10A及び下プレス盤10Bを用いて圧縮し、定着して表層塑性加工材SPWを得ているが、本発明を実施する場合には、通常の電子レンジが使用するマイクロ波の周波数帯域よりも若干周波数の低い高周波で誘電加熱して加工前木材NWを加熱圧縮し、定着しても、表層塑性加工材SPWを得ることができる。
Thus, by the external force applied in the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain, the thickness of the wood is heated and compressed, and the surface plastic working material SPW having an air-drying specific gravity of 0.7 or more is compacted. Is manufactured.
In Embodiment 1, after controlling the vapor pressure, the pressure is gradually released to release the internal vapor pressure, and the water vapor pressure in the wood is lowered and fixed by cooling, so the cooling compression is released. It is possible to form a surface layer plastic working material SPW which is sometimes free from bulging deformation and surface cracks called puncture. That is, the surface plastic working material SPW of the first embodiment has a stable quality without causing bulging deformation or surface cracking after being released from compression. In the first embodiment, the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B are compressed and fixed to obtain the surface plastic working material SPW. However, when the present invention is carried out, a normal microwave oven is used. The surface plastic working material SPW can be obtained even when the pre-processing wood NW is heated and compressed and fixed by dielectric heating at a frequency slightly lower than the frequency band of the microwave used.

ここで、上述のようにして得られる本実施の形態1にかかる表層塑性加工材SPWの特性について、硬度、摩耗深さ及び曲げヤング係数の測定結果を参照して説明する。
硬度、摩耗深さ及び曲げヤング係数について測定を行った供試体は、スギ材を上述のよう圧密加工してその気乾比重を0.74(供試体1)、または、0.91(供試体2)としたものである。また、比較のために、圧密加工前の元のスギ材(供試体3)について、更には、圧密加工してもその気乾比重が0.7以下のもの(供試体4、供試体5)についても同様に測定を行った。それらの測定結果を表1の下段にまとめて示す。
Here, characteristics of the surface layer plastic working material SPW according to the first embodiment obtained as described above will be described with reference to measurement results of hardness, wear depth, and bending Young's modulus.
Specimens measured for hardness, wear depth, and bending Young's modulus were compacted as described above, and the air-dry specific gravity was 0.74 (Specimen 1) or 0.91 (Specimen). 2). For comparison, the original cedar material (sample 3) before the compacting is further subjected to consolidation, and the air-dry specific gravity is 0.7 or less (specimen 4, sample 5). The same measurement was performed for. The measurement results are summarized in the lower part of Table 1.

Figure 2012148506
Figure 2012148506

表1において、硬度H〔N/mm2〕は、JIS−Z―2101−1994に準じて評価した結果を示したものである。具体的には、木材の表面に直径10〔mm〕の鋼球を平均圧入速度0.5〔mm/min〕で圧入して、圧入深さが0.32〔mm〕になるときの荷重P〔N〕を測定し、下記の式(1)から算出したものである。
硬度H=P/10・・・(1)
In Table 1, hardness H [N / mm < 2 >] shows the result evaluated according to JIS-Z-2101-1994. Specifically, a load P when a steel ball having a diameter of 10 [mm] is pressed into the surface of wood at an average press-fitting speed of 0.5 [mm / min] and the press-in depth becomes 0.32 [mm]. [N] was measured and calculated from the following formula (1).
Hardness H = P / 10 (1)

また、摩耗深さD〔mm〕は、JIS−Z―2101−1994に準じて評価した結果を示したものである。具体的には、所謂、摩耗試験装置を用い、木材に加える荷重を約5.2〔N〕として回転速度が約60〔rpm〕となるように摩耗輪を500回転させたときの木材の重量m2〔g〕を測定し、試験前の木材の重量m1〔g〕と摩耗輪により摩耗を受ける部分の面積A〔mm2〕と密度ρ〔g/cm3〕とから下記の式(2)によって算出したものである。
摩耗深さD=(m1−m2)/A・ρ・・・(2)
The wear depth D [mm] is the result of evaluation according to JIS-Z-2101-1994. Specifically, using a so-called wear test apparatus, the weight of the wood when the wear wheel is rotated 500 times so that the load applied to the wood is about 5.2 [N] and the rotation speed is about 60 [rpm]. m2 [g] is measured, and the following formula (2) is obtained from the weight m1 [g] of the wood before the test, the area A [mm 2 ] of the portion subjected to wear by the wear ring, and the density ρ [g / cm 3 ]. It is calculated by.
Wear depth D = (m1-m2) / A · ρ (2)

更に、曲げヤング係数Eb〔N/mm2〕は、JIS−Z―2101に準じて評価した結果を示したものである。具体的には、2点荷重方式で、下記の式(3)によって測定計算したものである。
Eb=ΔP・L3/48・I・Δy・・・(3)
ここで、
Eb:曲げヤング係数〔N/mm2〕(kgf/cm2)、
ΔP:比例域における上限荷重と下限荷重との差〔N〕(kgf)、
Δy:ΔPに対応するスパン中央のたわみ(mm)、
I:断面2次モーメントI=bh3/12(mm4)、
L:スパン(mm)、
b:試験体の幅(mm)、
h:試験体の高さ(mm)
である。
Further, the bending Young's modulus Eb [N / mm 2 ] shows the result of evaluation according to JIS-Z-2101. Specifically, it is measured and calculated by the following formula (3) by a two-point load method.
Eb = ΔP · L 3/48 · I · Δy ··· (3)
here,
Eb: bending Young's modulus [N / mm 2 ] (kgf / cm 2 ),
ΔP: difference between the upper limit load and the lower limit load in the proportional range [N] (kgf),
Δy: deflection at the center of the span corresponding to ΔP (mm),
I: geometrical moment of inertia I = bh 3/12 (mm 4),
L: Span (mm),
b: Width of test specimen (mm),
h: Height of specimen (mm)
It is.

表1に示されるように、圧密加工によってスギ材の気乾比重を0.7以上としたものでは、硬度〔N/mm2〕及び曲げヤング係数〔N/mm2〕の値が極めて顕著に大きくなっており、また、摩耗深さ〔mm〕においても、その値がとても小さくなっている。即ち、圧密加工によってスギ材の気乾比重を0.7以上にすることで、高い硬度、耐摩耗性及び剛性が得られ、傷跡や凹みが付き難くなることが分かり、表層塑性加工材SPWは意匠面側に使用するのが好適である。そして、通常、床材に利用されている広葉樹(ナラ等)からなる表層塑性加工材SPWの硬度が約15〔N/mm2〕、摩耗深さが約0.14〔mm〕であることから、スギ材の気乾比重が0.7以上となるように圧密加工された表層塑性加工材SPWは、集中荷重や衝撃荷重等を受けやすくて高い硬度及び耐摩耗性が要求される床材等の表層部分を構成するのにも十分な硬度及び耐摩耗性を有していることが分かる。
これより、圧密加工によってスギ材の気乾比重を0.7以上とした本実施の形態1にかかる表層塑性加工材SPWは、集中荷重や衝撃荷重を受けやすい床材等の表層部分を構成するものとして、意匠面としても傷跡や凹みが付き難いことが確認された。
As shown in Table 1, the hardness [N / mm 2 ] and the bending Young's modulus [N / mm 2 ] are extremely remarkable when the air-drying specific gravity of the cedar is 0.7 or more by consolidation. In addition, the value of the wear depth [mm] is very small. That is, by making the air-drying specific gravity of the cedar material 0.7 or more by compaction processing, it can be seen that high hardness, wear resistance and rigidity can be obtained, and scars and dents are difficult to be attached. It is preferable to use it on the design surface side. The hardness of the surface layer plastic working material SPW made of hardwood (such as oak) that is usually used for flooring is about 15 [N / mm 2 ] and the wear depth is about 0.14 [mm]. The surface layer plastic processed material SPW that has been compacted so that the air-drying specific gravity of the cedar material is 0.7 or more is a flooring material that is easily subjected to concentrated load, impact load, etc. and requires high hardness and wear resistance. It can be seen that it has sufficient hardness and wear resistance to constitute the surface layer portion of the.
Thus, the surface layer plastic working material SPW according to the first embodiment in which the air-drying specific gravity of the cedar material is 0.7 or more by consolidation processing constitutes a surface layer portion such as a floor material that is easily subjected to concentrated load or impact load. As a result, it was confirmed that scars and dents were difficult to be attached to the design surface.

因みに、本発明者らの実験研究により、木材を高圧縮してスギ材の気乾比重を0.8以上とすることで、製品化後の周囲環境条件の変化における含水率1%当たりの寸法変化率が増大しなくなり、更に、気乾比重を0.85以上としたものでは、特に硬度〔N/mm2〕が顕著に高くなり、また、硬度〔N/mm2〕及び摩耗深さ〔mm〕の値のばらつきが小さくなって物理的性質が安定し、品質にばらつきが少なくなることが確認されている。これは、気乾比重が0.85以上となるように圧密加工することで、早材部の殆どの細胞が圧縮変形されて細胞壁が重なり合い、早材部の(細胞内腔の)空隙が極めて少なくなって、厚み全体が略均一に圧縮されることになるためと推定される。このため、圧密加工によって気乾比重を0.85以上とすることで、周囲環境条件の変化による寸法変化率のばらつきも少なくなることから、寸法形状安定性を向上させることが可能となる。なお、木材を更に高圧縮して気乾比重を1.05以上にすると、硬度、耐摩耗性、耐衝撃性等が更に顕著に向上して傷跡や凹みが極めて付き難くなり、ハイヒール等の履物による集中衝撃荷重を多く受ける床材等にも十分耐用できるようになることが確認されている。 By the way, according to the experimental study by the present inventors, by making the wood highly compressed and making the air-dry specific gravity of the cedar wood to be 0.8 or more, the size per 1% of the moisture content in the change in the ambient environmental conditions after commercialization. In the case where the rate of change does not increase and the air-drying specific gravity is 0.85 or more, the hardness [N / mm 2 ] is particularly high, and the hardness [N / mm 2 ] and the wear depth [ It has been confirmed that the variation in the value of [mm] is reduced, the physical properties are stabilized, and the variation in quality is reduced. This is because when the air-drying specific gravity is 0.85 or more, most cells in the early wood part are compressed and deformed and the cell walls overlap, and the early wood part (cell lumen) has a very small void. It is estimated that the total thickness is reduced and the entire thickness is compressed substantially uniformly. For this reason, by setting the air-dry specific gravity to 0.85 or more by compaction processing, the variation in the dimensional change rate due to changes in ambient environmental conditions is reduced, so that the dimensional shape stability can be improved. If wood is further compressed to an air-drying specific gravity of 1.05 or more, the hardness, wear resistance, impact resistance, etc. will be significantly improved and scars and dents will be very difficult to be attached. Footwear such as high heels It has been confirmed that it can sufficiently withstand floor materials and the like that receive many concentrated impact loads.

上記表1に示されるように、圧密加工によってスギ材の気乾比重を0.7以上としたものでは、硬度〔N/mm2〕及び曲げヤング係数〔N/mm2〕の値が極めて顕著に大きくなっており、また、摩耗深さ〔mm〕においても、その値がとても小さくなっている。しかし、塑性加工芯材NCWのように意匠面側に出ないで、カップ量を相殺したり、作業性を良くするには、圧密加工により気乾比重を2倍以上とするのが好適である。
塑性加工芯材NCWの製造は、基本的に表層塑性加工材SPWと同一であるので省略するが、一般に、圧密加工により気乾比重を1.5倍以上と低く設定することにより、ひび割れ等をなくし、加工性を良くし、必要な硬度及び剛性が得られる。
即ち、塑性加工芯材NCWについても、木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱状態で圧縮され、圧密加工により気乾比重を1.5倍以上したものであり、表層塑性加工材SPWが圧密加工により気乾比重を2倍以上としたものであるのに対して、塑性加工芯材NCWは圧密加工されてスギ材の気乾比重を0.5以上としたものである。スギ材の気乾比重を0.5以上では適当な硬度10〔N/mm2〕が得られている。
As shown in Table 1 above, the hardness [N / mm 2 ] and the bending Young's modulus [N / mm 2 ] are extremely remarkable when the air-drying specific gravity of the cedar is 0.7 or more by consolidation. Also, the value is very small at the wear depth [mm]. However, in order to offset the cup amount and improve the workability without exiting to the design surface side like the plastic processing core material NCW, it is preferable to make the air-dry specific gravity more than double by compaction processing. .
The manufacturing of the plastic core NCW is basically the same as the surface plastic processing material SPW, but is omitted. Generally, by setting the air-drying specific gravity as low as 1.5 times or more by compacting, cracks and the like are eliminated. The workability is improved, and the necessary hardness and rigidity can be obtained.
That is, with regard to the plastic core NCW, the thickness of the wood is compressed in a heated state by an external force applied in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain, and the air-drying specific gravity is increased by 1.5 times by compaction. As described above, the surface plastic working material SPW has an air-drying specific gravity more than doubled by consolidation, whereas the plastic processing core material NCW is compacted to reduce the air-drying specific gravity of the cedar material to 0. .5 or more. When the air-drying specific gravity of cedar is 0.5 or more, an appropriate hardness of 10 [N / mm 2 ] is obtained.

本発明者らの実験研究により、塑性加工芯材NCWを高圧縮してスギ材の気乾比重を0.5以上とすることで、作業性を維持し、製品化後の周囲環境条件の変化における寸法変化率が増大しなくなるが、表層塑性加工材SPWのカップ量を塑性加工芯材NCWで相殺し、カップ量の変化をし難くするものであるから、製品化後の周囲環境条件の変化における寸法変化率を若干有するものとしている。当然、木材を高圧縮してスギ材の気乾比重を0.7以上としたものでも使用できないわけではない。
即ち、塑性加工芯材NCWは、木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱状態で圧縮され、それを1枚以上、例えば、2枚以上の対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように接合したものとすることができる。圧密加工によって気乾比重を0.7以上とした表層塑性加工材SPWと、圧密加工されて気乾比重を0.5以上とした塑性加工芯材NCWとを重ね合わせてもよい。
特に、2枚以上からなる表層塑性加工材SPWと塑性加工芯材NCWは、互いのカップ方向を逆にすることで相殺し、製品化後の周囲環境条件の変化における寸法変化率を少なくするものである。
Through experimental research by the inventors, the plastic core material NCW is highly compressed and the air-drying specific gravity of the cedar is 0.5 or more, so that workability is maintained and changes in ambient environmental conditions after commercialization. Although the dimensional change rate does not increase, the cup amount of the surface plastic working material SPW is offset by the plastic core material NCW, making it difficult to change the cup amount. It has a slight dimensional change rate. Of course, it is not impossible to use wood that is highly compressed and has an air-drying specific gravity of 0.7 or more.
That is, the plastic processing core material NCW is compressed in an heated state by an external force applied in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain, and is compressed one or more, for example, two or more It can be joined so that the length direction of the grain of the opposing surface is orthogonal to each other. The surface plastic working material SPW having an air-drying specific gravity of 0.7 or more by consolidation may be superposed on the plastic processing core material NCW that has been compacted and having an air-drying specific gravity of 0.5 or more.
In particular, the surface plastic processing material SPW and the plastic processing core material NCW consisting of two or more sheets cancel each other by reversing the directions of the cups, thereby reducing the dimensional change rate due to changes in ambient environmental conditions after commercialization. It is.

このように、プレス盤10によって、板の木取りによって得た木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱状態で圧縮され、圧密加工によりスギ材、ヒノキ材の気乾比重を2倍以上とした表層塑性加工材SPW、同様に、板の木取りによって得た木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱状態で圧縮され、圧密加工によりスギ材、ヒノキ材の気乾比重を1.5倍以上とした塑性加工芯材NCWを得ている。   In this way, the thickness of the wood is compressed in a heated state by an external force applied in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain of the wood obtained by wood cutting by the press board 10, and cedar wood is obtained by compaction processing. Surface plastic working material SPW in which the air-drying specific gravity of cypress wood is twice or more, similarly, the external force applied in the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain obtained by wood cutting of the wood, the thickness of the wood It is compressed in a heated state, and a plastically processed core material NCW is obtained in which the air-drying specific gravity of cedar and cypress materials is 1.5 times or more by consolidation.

次に、本実施の形態1にかかる積層材を構成する内層合板IPWについて図4を用いて説明する。
内層合板IPWの製造は、ロータリーレースと呼ばれる原木丸太WDから刃物CTによって大根のかつら剥きと同様の周方向の剥きを行う装置を用いて、スギ材等の針葉樹の原木丸太WDの中心を軸芯として回転させ、その外周側に所定幅の刃物CTを当て、所謂、かつら剥き同様の薄板からなる連続単板UWDが作られる。即ち、原木丸太WDは大根のかつら剥きのように所定の厚みで連続した薄板となる。この連続単板UWDを所定の長さにカットし、乾燥させることで単板Wが作られる。
次に、所定の寸法に切断した単板Wに接着剤を塗布し、繊維方向を互い違い(90度の違い)に重ねてホットプレスし、単板Wの堆積物を作成する。この堆積物に熱と圧力を加えて、接着剤を完全に硬化させて内層合板IPWが製造される。
この際、非圧縮の針葉樹を回転させながら切削してなる単板Wは、少なくとも1枚以上、対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように積層接着され、単板Wの厚みを2mm〜5mmの範囲内として積層したものである。
Next, the inner plywood IPW constituting the laminated material according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
The inner layer plywood IPW is manufactured by using a device that peels the log WD from a round log WD called a rotary race in the same direction as the wig of a radish with a blade CT, and the center of the log WD of coniferous wood such as cedar wood. Then, a blade CT having a predetermined width is applied to the outer peripheral side thereof, and a so-called continuous single plate UWD made of a thin plate similar to a wig is produced. In other words, the log WD is a thin plate that is continuous with a predetermined thickness like a radish wig. The single plate W is made by cutting the continuous single plate UWD into a predetermined length and drying it.
Next, an adhesive is applied to the single plate W cut to a predetermined size, and the fiber directions are alternately staggered (90 ° difference) and hot pressed to create a deposit of the single plate W. The inner layer plywood IPW is manufactured by applying heat and pressure to the deposit to completely cure the adhesive.
At this time, at least one or more of the single plates W cut while rotating the non-compressed conifers are laminated and bonded so that the length directions of the grain of the opposing surface are orthogonal to each other, and the thickness of the single plate W is 2 mm. It is laminated within a range of ˜5 mm.

本実施の形態では、内層合板IPWとし針葉樹の6枚の単板W(W1,W2,W3,W4,W5,W6)を接合したもの、針葉樹の2枚の単板W(W1,W2)と2枚の単板W(W3,W4)を2枚の塑性加工芯材NCWを挟んで接合したものの事例で説明するが、本発明を実施する場合には、単板Wの枚数、塑性加工芯材NCWの枚数は特定されるものではない。
また、内層合板IPWとしての厚みは、本実施の形態においては、表層塑性加工材SPWとの接合面、または塑性加工芯材NCWとの接合面において、針葉樹の単板Wの厚みの一方の面を平滑面として接合強度を増しているが、本発明を実施する場合には、接着材の種類及びその接着剤の層の厚みによって、全体の厚み及び接合強度が自在に設定できるので、本発明を実施する場合には、それに拘束されるものではない。
In this embodiment, the inner layer plywood IPW is made by joining six single plates W (W1, W2, W3, W4, W5, W6) of conifers, two single plates W (W1, W2) of conifers, and The case where two single plates W (W3, W4) are joined by sandwiching two plastic processing cores NCW will be described as an example. In the case of carrying out the present invention, the number of single plates W, the plastic processing core is used. The number of materials NCW is not specified.
Further, in the present embodiment, the thickness as the inner layer plywood IPW is one surface of the thickness of the softwood veneer W at the joint surface with the surface plastic working material SPW or the joint surface with the plastic core material NCW. However, when the present invention is carried out, the overall thickness and bonding strength can be freely set according to the type of adhesive and the thickness of the adhesive layer. In the case of carrying out, it is not bound to it.

次に、本実施の形態1にかかる積層材を構成する内層合板IPWの製造手順について図5を参照して説明する。
まず、針葉樹であるスギ材からなる原木丸太WDがロータリーレースで切削されて厚みが平均で約2.57mmとなったスギ材からなる針葉樹の単板W(W1,W2,W3,W4,W5,W6)が6枚用意され、図5(a)及び図5(b)に示すように、互いの木目の長さ方向が直交するようにして積層接着される。このとき、本実施の形態1において、図5(b)に示すように、針葉樹の単板W(W1,W2,W3,W4,W5,W6)が6枚積層されたものの厚みは、全体で約15mmとなっている。
本実施の形態1では、針葉樹の単板W(W1,W2,W3,W4,W5,W6)が6枚からなるものであるが、本発明を実施する場合には2枚以上であればよい。表層塑性加工材SPW及び/または塑性加工芯材NCWの厚み、枚数によって、単板Wの枚数を決定することができる。
Next, a manufacturing procedure of the inner plywood IPW constituting the laminated material according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
First, a single log W (W1, W2, W3, W4, W5) made of cedar made of cedar made of cedar, which is a conifer, and cut into an average thickness of about 2.57 mm by cutting with a rotary race. 6 sheets of W6) are prepared, and are laminated and bonded so that the length directions of the grain are orthogonal to each other, as shown in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b). At this time, in the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), the thickness of the six laminated softwood single plates W (W1, W2, W3, W4, W5, W6) is as a whole. It is about 15 mm.
In the first embodiment, the single plate W (W1, W2, W3, W4, W5, W6) of the coniferous tree is composed of six sheets. However, in the case of carrying out the present invention, it may be two or more. . The number of single plates W can be determined by the thickness and number of the surface layer plastic processed material SPW and / or the plastic processed core material NCW.

なお、本実施の形態1において、針葉樹の単板W同士は、接着剤を介在させて図示しないホットプレスによる圧締で一体に接合されたものである。具体的には、針葉樹の単板W間に接着剤を均一に塗布したものを図示しないプレス盤の圧縮空間内に載置した後、図示しないプレス盤の圧縮圧力で圧締することによって、針葉樹の単板W同士を一体に接合したものである。因みに、このときの所定の条件となる圧締圧力及び圧締時間等については、接着剤の種類や樹種や含水率等をパラメータとして圧力ができる限り均等にかかるように予め実験等によって最適値が設定されている。   In the first embodiment, the softwood veneers W are joined together by pressing with a hot press (not shown) with an adhesive interposed therebetween. Specifically, after applying an adhesive uniformly applied between the single plates W of the coniferous tree in a compression space of a not-shown press board, the coniferous tree is pressed by the compression pressure of the not-shown press board. The single plates W are joined together. Incidentally, the pressing pressure and the pressing time, which are the predetermined conditions at this time, are optimally determined in advance by experiments or the like so that the pressure is applied as evenly as possible using the type of adhesive, tree species, moisture content, and the like as parameters. Is set.

ここで、針葉樹の単板W同士を一体に接着する接着剤としては、水性ビニールウレタン系接着剤(水性高分子イソシアネート系接着剤)、ウレタン樹脂等を使用することができるが、各針葉樹の単板W間においてその塗布量は200g/m2以上とするのが好ましい。これにより、接着剤が浸透し易く、更には、ロータリーレースの切削により裏割れが多いという針葉樹の単板Wの欠点が補完されて、針葉樹の単板W同士が強固に接着されることになる。即ち、十分な接着強度が得られることになる。このため、得られる内層合板IPWにおいて、安定した強度や剛性及び寸法形状安定性を確保できる。 Here, as an adhesive that bonds the single plates W of the conifers together, water-based vinyl urethane adhesives (aqueous polymer isocyanate adhesives), urethane resins, and the like can be used. The coating amount between the plates W is preferably 200 g / m 2 or more. As a result, the disadvantage of the softwood veneer W that the adhesive easily penetrates and there are many back cracks due to the cutting of the rotary race is complemented, and the softwood veneers W are firmly bonded to each other. . That is, sufficient adhesive strength can be obtained. For this reason, in the obtained inner-layer plywood IPW, stable strength, rigidity, and dimensional shape stability can be ensured.

なお、このとき、これら針葉樹の単板Wは、互いの木表面同士または木裏面同士が対向するように接着されるのが好ましい。互いの木表面同士または木裏面同士が対向するように接着されることによって、針葉樹の単板Wの木表面側と木裏面側とで細胞密度が異なることにより、年輪の中心よりも外側に位置する木表面側と年輪の中心側に位置する木裏面側とを対向させ、互いのカップ方向を異にすると、互いのカップ量を打ち消すように相殺する。表層塑性加工材SPWや、塑性加工芯材NCWと比較すると、特定方向の板巾の反りが相殺され、内層合板IPW全体としてよりバランスがとれたものとなる。このため、内層合板IPWの表層塑性加工材SPWへの影響が干渉させて表層塑性加工材SPWとの接合面にかかる負荷を少なくすることができ、表層塑性加工材SPWとのバランスをより良好なものとすることが可能となる。
また、互いの木表面側同士または木裏面側同士が対向するように接着されることによって、ロータリーレースの切削により発生した単板の裏割れ面同士が対向すると共に、裏割れが発生していない面同士が対向するため、接着面における平面性が良好なものとなり、安定した接合性を確保することが可能となる。
In addition, at this time, it is preferable that these softwood veneers W are bonded so that the wood surfaces or the wood back surfaces face each other. It is located outside the center of the annual ring due to the cell density being different between the wood front side and the wood back side of the single plate W of conifers by bonding so that the wood surfaces or wood backs of each other face each other. If the wood surface side to be played is opposed to the wood back surface side located on the center side of the annual ring and the cup directions are different from each other, they cancel each other so as to cancel each other's cup amount. Compared with the surface plastic working material SPW and the plastic working core material NCW, warpage of the plate width in a specific direction is offset, and the inner layer plywood IPW as a whole is more balanced. For this reason, the load on the surface plastic working material SPW can be reduced by causing the influence of the inner plywood IPW on the surface plastic working material SPW to interfere, and the balance with the surface plastic working material SPW is better. It becomes possible.
Further, by bonding so that the wood surface sides or the wood back surfaces face each other, the back crack surfaces of the single plates generated by cutting of the rotary race face each other, and no back crack occurs. Since the surfaces are opposed to each other, the flatness on the bonding surface is good, and it is possible to ensure stable bonding properties.

次に、図5(b)に示した針葉樹の単板W(W1,〜,W6)が6枚積層されたものにおいて、表層塑性加工材SPWに接合させる側が切削加工されて、詳しくは、針葉樹の単板W1及び単板W6の一部(約0.5mm)が切削加工されて、図5(c)に示すように、全体の厚みが約14mmで針葉樹の単板W(W1,〜,W6)が6枚積層接着された内層合板IPWとなる。このとき、この内層合板IPWにおいて、各針葉樹の単板W(W1,〜,W6)の厚みは、ロータリーレースで切削されたときの厚みのままで、平均約2.6mmとなっており、表層塑性加工材SPWに接合させる側の針葉樹の単板W1及び単板W6は、切削加工によってその厚みが各針葉樹の単板W(W1,〜,W6)の厚み約14mmとなっている。   Next, in the case where six sheets of coniferous single plates W (W1,..., W6) shown in FIG. 5B are laminated, the side to be joined to the surface plastic working material SPW is cut. The single plate W1 and a part of the single plate W6 (about 0.5 mm) are cut, and as shown in FIG. 5C, the total thickness is about 14 mm and the single plate W (W1,. W6) is an inner plywood IPW in which six sheets are laminated and bonded. At this time, in this inner-layer plywood IPW, the thickness of the single plate W (W1,..., W6) of each conifer is the average thickness of about 2.6 mm as it is when it is cut by a rotary race. The thicknesses of the softwood veneers W1 and W6 on the side to be joined to the plastic workpiece SPW are about 14 mm from the thickness of each softwood veneer W (W1,..., W6) by cutting.

このようにして、非圧縮の針葉樹の単板W(W1,〜,W6)が互いの木目の長さ方向が直交するように偶数枚または奇数枚積層接着され、かつ、表層塑性加工材SPWに接合させる接合側の単板W1または単板W6以外の針葉樹の単板W(W1,〜,W6)の厚みを2mm〜4mmの範囲内にすると共に、接合側の単板W1または単板W6は切削加工されてその厚みを針葉樹の単板W(W1,〜,W6)の厚みの1/4〜3/4の範囲内とした内層合板IPWが製造される。
なお、針葉樹の単板Wが2mm〜5mmとの値は、発明者等の実験研究によってロータリーレースを使用した場合の原木丸太WDの切削が可能であり、所定の機械的強度が得られる針葉樹の単板Wの厚みは、2mm〜5mmの範囲内であることが確認されたことから、これに基づいて設定したものである。
In this way, a single plate W (W1,..., W6) of uncompressed softwood is laminated and bonded evenly or oddly so that the length direction of each grain is orthogonal to each other, and is attached to the surface plastic working material SPW. The thickness of the single plate W (W1,..., W6) of the coniferous tree other than the single plate W1 or single plate W6 to be bonded is set within the range of 2 mm to 4 mm, and the single plate W1 or single plate W6 on the bonding side is The inner layer plywood IPW is manufactured by cutting and making the thickness within a range of 1/4 to 3/4 of the thickness of the softwood veneer W (W1,..., W6).
It should be noted that the value of the conifer veneer W of 2 mm to 5 mm is that the log of the log WD can be cut when the rotary race is used by the inventors' experimental research, and the conifer that provides a predetermined mechanical strength can be obtained. Since it was confirmed that the thickness of the single plate W is in the range of 2 mm to 5 mm, it is set based on this.

また、1/4〜3/4との値は、本発明者らの実験研究によって、単板W1または単板W6の厚みが、それ以外の針葉樹の単板W(W1,〜,W6)の厚みの1/4〜3/4の範囲内にあるときに、後述するように寸法形状変化が小さい積層材となることが確認されたことから、これに基づいて設定したものである。即ち、これらの値は、本発明者らの実験研究によって求めた値である。なお、単板W1または単板W6の厚みは、ロータリーレース等による原木丸太WDの切削の安定さからすれば、1/2〜3/4の範囲が好ましい。   Moreover, the value of 1/4 to 3/4 is the thickness of the veneer W1 or veneer W6 of the other veneer veneers W (W1,. Since it was confirmed that when the thickness is in the range of 1/4 to 3/4, the dimensional shape change is small as will be described later, it is set based on this. That is, these values are values obtained by experimental studies by the present inventors. Note that the thickness of the single plate W1 or the single plate W6 is preferably in the range of 1/2 to 3/4 in view of the stability of cutting the log WD with a rotary race or the like.

そして、表層塑性加工材SPWと塑性加工芯材NCWは、年輪の中心よりも外側に位置する木表面側と年輪の中心側に位置する木裏面側とを対向させ、互いのカップ方向を異にし、互いのカップ量を打ち消すように相殺できる。即ち、内層合板IPWの全枚数が奇数枚のときに表層塑性加工材SPWと塑性加工芯材NCWの両者は互いにカップ方向が同じ位置にあるから、表層塑性加工材SPWの木表面側と隣接する塑性加工芯材NCWの木裏面側を対向した配置にするか、逆に、表層塑性加工材SPWの木裏面側と隣接する塑性加工芯材NCWの木表面側を対向した配置にされると相殺され、表層塑性加工材の意匠面にでてくるカップ量が小さくなり、床材に使用しても狂いが僅少である。また、内層合板IPWの全枚数が偶数枚のときに両者は互いにカップ方向が生じ難い組み合わせであり、表層塑性加工材SPWの意匠面にでてくるカップ量が小さくなり、床材に使用しても狂いが僅少である。   And the surface layer plastic work material SPW and the plastic work core NCW are made so that the wood surface side located outside the center of the annual ring and the wood back side located on the center side of the annual ring face each other, and the cup directions are different from each other. , Can cancel each other so as to cancel each other's cup amount. That is, when the total number of inner layer plywood IPW is an odd number, both the surface plastic working material SPW and the plastic processing core material NCW are in the same cup direction, so that they are adjacent to the tree surface side of the surface plastic working material SPW. If the arrangement is such that the wood back side of the plastic core NCW is opposed, or conversely, the wood surface side of the plastic core NCW adjacent to the wood back side of the surface plastic work SPW is offset. As a result, the amount of the cup that appears on the design surface of the surface plastic working material becomes small, and even if it is used as a flooring material, there is little deviation. In addition, when the total number of inner layer plywood IPW is an even number, both are a combination in which the cup direction is unlikely to occur with each other, and the amount of cup that appears on the design surface of the surface plastic working material SPW becomes small, and it is used as a flooring material. There is little madness.

このようにして得られた本実施の形態1にかかる内層合板IPWは、上述の如く、全体の厚みが15mm程度であり、比重が小さくて強度や剛性が小さいという針葉樹の単板の欠点が補完されて、十分な強度や剛性を有していた。即ち、荷重等を受ける床材等の内層部分を構成するものとしても耐用できる程度に十分な強度や剛性を有していた。
因みに、本実施の形態1にかかる内層合板IPWの構成とすることで、厚みが通常0.3mm〜2mmであるラワン単板を用いて同じ構成とした場合と強度や剛性が同等以上となることが本発明者らの実験研究によって確認されている。なお、従来、ラワン合板を床材の内層部分に使用する場合、合板全体の厚みは約12mm程度であった。
As described above, the inner plywood IPW according to the first embodiment thus obtained has an overall thickness of about 15 mm, complements the disadvantages of the conifer veneer that the specific gravity is small and the strength and rigidity are small. And had sufficient strength and rigidity. That is, it has sufficient strength and rigidity to be able to be used as an inner layer portion such as a flooring that receives a load or the like.
By the way, by adopting the configuration of the inner plywood IPW according to the first embodiment, the strength and rigidity are equal to or higher than the case where the same configuration is made using a lauan single plate whose thickness is usually 0.3 mm to 2 mm. This has been confirmed by our experimental studies. Conventionally, when the Lauan plywood is used for the inner layer portion of the floor material, the thickness of the entire plywood is about 12 mm.

続いて、上述のようにして製造された表層塑性加工材SPW及び内層合板IPW及び塑性加工芯材NCWを用いて構成される本実施の形態1にかかる積層材LW1について、図6を参照して説明する。
本実施の形態1の積層材LW1は、図6(a)及び図6(b)に示すように、圧密加工されてスギ材の気乾比重を0.7以上とした表層塑性加工材SPWの片面側に、接着剤を介して針葉樹の単板W1が木目の長さ方向が、互いに直交するように接合して形成した内層合板IPWを単板W1の切削加工された面側の木目の長さ方向が表層塑性加工材SPWの木目の長さ方向と直交するようにして接合し、また、単板W6の切削加工された面側の木目の長さ方向が塑性加工芯材NCWの木目の長さ方向と直交するようにして接合したものである。
Subsequently, the laminated material LW1 according to the first embodiment configured using the surface layer plastic processed material SPW, the inner layer plywood IPW, and the plastic processed core material NCW manufactured as described above will be described with reference to FIG. explain.
As shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b), the laminated material LW1 of the first embodiment is made of a surface layer plastic working material SPW that is compacted and has an air-dry specific gravity of 0.7 or more. The length of the grain of the surface side of the cut surface of the single plate W1 formed on the inner layer plywood IPW formed by joining the single plate W1 of the conifer so that the length direction of the grain is orthogonal to each other via an adhesive on one side The longitudinal direction of the surface layer plastic work material SPW is joined so as to be perpendicular to the length direction of the grain of the surface layer plastic working material SPW, and the length direction of the grain of the cut surface side of the single plate W6 is the grain of the plastic core material NCW They are joined so as to be orthogonal to the length direction.

ここで、表層塑性加工材SPWと内層合板IPW、内層合板IPWと塑性加工芯材NCWとの間に介在させて両者を一体に接合する接着剤としては、上記と同様、例えば、水性ビニールウレタン系接着剤(水性高分子イソシアネート系接着剤)、ウレタン樹脂等を使用することができるが、表層塑性加工材SPWと内層合板IPWと、内層合板IPWと塑性加工芯材NCWとの間においてもその塗布量は200g/m2以上とするのが好ましい。これにより、接着剤が浸透し易いという針葉樹の単板W1または単板W6の欠点が補完されて、表層塑性加工材SPWと内層合板IPW、内層合板IPWと塑性加工芯材NCWとが強固に接着されることになる。即ち、十分な接着強度が得られることになる。このため、得られる積層材LW1において安定した強度や剛性及び寸法形状安定性を確保できる。
勿論、本発明を実施する場合には、木材相互間を機械的に結合する手段や、接続手段によって表層塑性加工材SPWと内層合板IPWと、内層合板IPWと塑性加工芯材NCWとを接合することも可能であるが、接着剤使用の場合、接着剤の塗布という簡単な作業で両者を接合できるという利点がある。
Here, as the adhesive which interposes between the surface layer plastic working material SPW and the inner layer plywood IPW, the inner layer plywood IPW and the plastic core material NCW and integrally joins them, for example, an aqueous vinyl urethane type, for example, Adhesives (water-based polymeric isocyanate adhesives), urethane resins, and the like can be used, but the coating is also applied between the surface layer plastic processed material SPW and the inner layer plywood IPW, and the inner layer plywood IPW and the plastic core material NCW. The amount is preferably 200 g / m 2 or more. This compensates for the disadvantage of the softwood veneer W1 or veneer W6 that the adhesive easily penetrates, and the surface plastic working material SPW and the inner plywood IPW, and the inner plywood IPW and the plastic core material NCW are firmly bonded. Will be. That is, sufficient adhesive strength can be obtained. For this reason, stable strength, rigidity, and dimensional shape stability can be secured in the obtained laminated material LW1.
Of course, when the present invention is carried out, the surface plastic working material SPW and the inner layer plywood IPW, and the inner layer plywood IPW and the plastic core material NCW are joined together by means for mechanically joining the woods or connecting means. However, when an adhesive is used, there is an advantage that both can be joined by a simple operation of applying an adhesive.

なお、本実施の形態1において、表層塑性加工材SPW及び内層合板IPW、内層合板IPWと及び塑性加工芯材NCWも、接着剤を介在させ図示しないホットプレスによる圧締で一体に接合されたものである。具体的には、本実施の形態1の積層材LW1は、表層塑性加工材SPWと内層合板IPW、内層合板IPWと塑性加工芯材NCWとの間に接着剤を均一に塗布したものを図示しないプレス盤の圧縮空間内に載置したのち、図示しないプレス盤の圧縮圧力で圧締することによって、表層塑性加工材SPWと内層合板IPW、内層合板IPWと塑性加工芯材NCWとを一体に接合したものとすることができる。そして、このときの所定の条件となる圧締圧力及び圧締時間等についても、接着剤の種類や樹種や含水率等をパラメータとして圧力ができる限り均等にかかるように予め実験等によって最適値が設定されている。   In the first embodiment, the surface layer plastic processed material SPW, the inner layer plywood IPW, the inner layer plywood IPW, and the plastic core material NCW are also integrally bonded by pressing with a hot press (not shown) with an adhesive interposed therebetween. It is. Specifically, the laminated material LW1 of the first embodiment is not illustrated in which the surface layer plastic working material SPW and the inner layer plywood IPW, and the inner layer plywood IPW and the plastic processing core material NCW uniformly coated with an adhesive are not illustrated. After mounting in the compression space of the press machine, the surface plastic working material SPW and the inner plywood IPW, and the inner plywood IPW and the plastic core material NCW are joined together by pressing with the compression pressure of the press machine (not shown). Can be. Also, the pressing pressure and the pressing time, which are predetermined conditions at this time, are optimally determined in advance by experiments or the like so that the pressure is applied as evenly as possible using the type of adhesive, tree species, moisture content, and the like as parameters. Is set.

本実施の形態1の積層材LW1は、板の木取りによって得た木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱状態で圧縮され、圧密加工によりスギ材、ヒノキ材の気乾比重を2倍以上とした表層塑性加工材SPWと、表層塑性加工材SPWの対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交し、かつ、非圧縮の針葉樹を回転させながら切削してなる単板Wが少なくとも1枚以上で、対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように積層接着され、単板Wの厚みを2mm〜5mmの範囲内として表層塑性加工材SPWの片面に接合された内層合板IPWと、板の木取りによって得た木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱状態で圧縮され、圧密加工によりスギ材、ヒノキ材の気乾比重を1.5倍以上とし、内層合板IPWの表層塑性加工材SPW側の対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように接合した1枚以上からなる塑性加工芯材NCWとを具備するものである。   In the laminated material LW1 of the first embodiment, the thickness of the timber is compressed in a heated state by an external force applied in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain obtained by wood cutting of the board, and the cedar is processed by compaction processing. The surface plastic working material SPW in which the air-drying specific gravity of the wood and cypress wood is twice or more and the length direction of the grain of the opposing surface of the surface plastic working material SPW are orthogonal to each other, while rotating the uncompressed conifer The surface layer plastic work material SPW is formed by laminating and bonding at least one single plate W formed by cutting so that the length direction of the grain of the opposing surface is perpendicular to each other, and the thickness of the single plate W is within a range of 2 mm to 5 mm. The thickness of the wood is compressed in a heated state by an external force applied in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the grain of the wood obtained by wood cutting, and the inner layer plywood IPW joined to one side of the wood. Wood, cypress An air-drying specific gravity of 1.5 times or more, and a plastic core material NCW consisting of one or more sheets joined such that the length directions of the opposite side of the inner layer plywood IPW facing the surface plastic working material SPW are orthogonal to each other; It comprises.

したがって、本実施の形態1の積層材LW1は、表層に硬度・耐摩耗性・剛性に優れた表層塑性加工材SPWが形成され、十分な強度や剛性を有する内層合板IPWを下部層としてその間に接着剤を介在させ、更に、裏面側に硬度・耐摩耗性・剛性に優れた塑性加工芯材NCWが形成され、十分な強度や剛性を有する内層合板IPWに接着剤を介在させて一体に接合された3層構造としたものであるから、表層塑性加工材SPW側を製品表面に用いることで、表面となる表層塑性加工材SPWによって傷跡や凹みが付き難くなっている。また、表層塑性加工材SPWのみならず内層合板IPWにおいても塑性加工芯材NCWが作用し、十分な強度及び剛性を有している。このため、履物による集中荷重や衝撃荷重を受ける床材、デッキ材、腰板材、屋内家具材、表面塗装して使用する住宅用外装材、学童机、テーブルの天板、扉等の広範な用途に耐用可能であり、傷跡や凹みが付き難いために意匠面も長時間良好に維持される。   Therefore, in the laminated material LW1 of the first embodiment, the surface layer plastic processed material SPW having excellent hardness, wear resistance, and rigidity is formed on the surface layer, and the inner layer plywood IPW having sufficient strength and rigidity is used as a lower layer therebetween. The plastic core material NCW with excellent hardness, wear resistance, and rigidity is formed on the back side, with an adhesive interposed, and the inner layer plywood IPW with sufficient strength and rigidity is joined with the adhesive interposed between them. Since the surface layer plastic working material SPW side is used for the product surface, scars and dents are hardly attached to the surface by the surface plastic working material SPW. Further, the plastic core material NCW acts not only on the surface plastic working material SPW but also on the inner plywood IPW, and has sufficient strength and rigidity. For this reason, it can be used in a wide range of applications such as flooring, deck materials, waistboard materials, indoor furniture materials, housing exterior materials used for surface coating, school children's desks, table tops, doors, etc. that receive concentrated loads or impact loads from footwear. The design surface is well maintained for a long time because it is difficult to be scratched and dented.

このとき、表層塑性加工材SPWは表層が、硬度・耐摩耗性・剛性に優れた意匠面となる。また、内層合板IPWは、木材本来の特性によって集中荷重や衝撃荷重を受ける床材、デッキ材、腰板材等の弾性材として機能する。また、塑性加工芯材NCWは圧密加工されて気乾比重を0.5以上とするもので、内層合板IPWと表層塑性加工材SPW側の互いの対向面を木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように接合し、かつ、表層塑性加工材SPWの木表面側または木裏面側に対向して塑性加工芯材NCWの木裏面側または木表面側を対向させる。このように、積層材LW1の全枚数が奇数枚のときに表層塑性加工材SPWと塑性加工芯材NCWは互いにカップ方向の位置が表層塑性加工材SPWの木表面側と隣接する塑性加工芯材NCWの木裏面側を対向した配置にするか、逆に、表層塑性加工材SPWの木裏面側と隣接する塑性加工芯材NCWの木表面側を対向した配置にされると相殺され、表層塑性加工材SPWの意匠面にでてくるカップ量が小さくなり、床材に使用しても狂いが僅少である。また、偶数枚のときに表層塑性加工材SPWと塑性加工芯材NCWの両者は互いにカップ方向が生じ難い組み合わせであり、表層塑性加工材SPWの意匠面にでてくるカップ量が小さくなり、床材に使用しても狂いが僅少である。   At this time, the surface layer of the surface layer plastic work material SPW becomes a design surface excellent in hardness, wear resistance, and rigidity. Further, the inner layer plywood IPW functions as an elastic material such as a floor material, a deck material, and a waist plate material that receives a concentrated load or an impact load depending on the original characteristics of wood. Further, the plastic core material NCW is compacted to have an air-dry specific gravity of 0.5 or more, and the length directions of the grain of the opposing surfaces of the inner layer plywood IPW and the surface layer plastic workpiece SPW are orthogonal to each other. In addition, the wood surface side or the wood surface side of the plastic processing core material NCW is opposed to the wood surface side or the wood back surface side of the surface layer plastic work material SPW. As described above, when the total number of the laminated materials LW1 is an odd number, the surface plastic working material SPW and the plastic working core material NCW are positioned adjacent to the tree surface side of the surface plastic working material SPW in the cup direction. If the NCW wood back side is placed opposite, or conversely, the wood surface side of the plastic core material NCW adjacent to the wood back side of the surface plastic work material SPW is offset, the surface plasticity The amount of cup that appears on the design surface of the processed material SPW becomes small, and even if it is used as a flooring material, there is little error. Further, when the number of the sheets is even, both the surface plastic working material SPW and the plastic working core material NCW are a combination in which the cup direction hardly occurs with each other, and the amount of the cup appearing on the design surface of the surface plastic working material SPW is reduced. Even if it is used as a material, there is little error.

特に、表層塑性加工材SPWと塑性加工芯材NCWとのカップ方向は、木表面側と木裏面側によって決定されるから、それを対向させることによってカップ量を相殺できる。図6の実施の形態1では、表層塑性加工材SPWと塑性加工芯材NCWのカップ方向を互いに逆とすると、表層塑性加工材SPWよりも塑性加工芯材NCWの厚みが薄いだけ表層塑性加工材SPWのカップ量に引っ張られることになる。しかし、単板W(W1,〜,W6)からなる内層合板IPWは、非圧縮の針葉樹を回転させながら切削してなる単板Wからなるが、表層塑性加工材SPWの片面に接合された内層合板IPWの作用で、表層塑性加工材SPWの単体のカップ量よりもそのカップ量が小さくなる。また、塑性加工芯材NCW側からみても、床材等に使用したときには、外部の影響を受けやすく、その影響を塑性加工芯材NCW側から内層合板IPW側に伝えられるが、表層塑性加工材SPWに伝わる影響力が小さくなる。したがって、表層塑性加工材SPWは1mm〜7mmでそれよりも塑性加工芯材NCWの厚みが1/2〜2/3と薄いのが一般的である。しかし、表層塑性加工材SPWと塑性加工芯材NCWとの厚みを同じにすることもできる。   In particular, the cup direction between the surface plastic working material SPW and the plastic core material NCW is determined by the wood front side and the wood back side, so that the cup amount can be offset by making them face each other. In Embodiment 1 of FIG. 6, when the cup directions of the surface plastic working material SPW and the plastic working core material NCW are opposite to each other, the thickness of the plastic working core material NCW is thinner than the surface plastic working material SPW. It will be pulled by the cup amount of SPW. However, the inner plywood IPW made of the single plate W (W1,..., W6) is made of the single plate W that is cut while rotating an uncompressed softwood, but the inner layer joined to one surface of the surface plastic working material SPW. Due to the action of the plywood IPW, the cup amount becomes smaller than the single cup amount of the surface plastic working material SPW. In addition, even when viewed from the plastic processing core material NCW side, when used as a flooring or the like, it is easily affected by the outside, and the influence is transmitted from the plastic processing core material NCW side to the inner plywood IPW side. The influence transmitted to the SPW is reduced. Therefore, the surface plastic working material SPW is generally 1 mm to 7 mm, and the thickness of the plastic working core material NCW is generally ½ to 2/3 thinner than that. However, the thickness of the surface plastic working material SPW and the plastic working core material NCW can be the same.

また、表層塑性加工材SPWの下に内層合板IPWを接合しており、本実施の形態の積層材を釘で止める場合、内層合板IPWから釘を打ち込み、塑性加工芯材NCWと共に釘で止めればよいから。釘が入りやすく、入った釘が塑性加工芯材NCWを通過する際に、塑性加工芯材NCWのスギ材、ヒノキ材の気乾比重が0.5以上と低くく、かつ、内層合板IPWと接合しているので、ひび割れや裂けることがなく、目的の下地に釘止めすることができる。   In addition, when the inner layer plywood IPW is joined under the surface layer plastic work material SPW, and the laminated material of the present embodiment is fixed with a nail, the nail is driven from the inner layer plywood IPW and is stopped with the plastic processing core material NCW. Because it ’s good. The nail is easy to enter, and when the inserted nail passes through the plastic core NCW, the air-drying specific gravity of the cedar and cypress of the plastic core NCW is as low as 0.5 or more, and the inner plywood IPW Because they are joined, they can be nailed to the desired substrate without cracking or tearing.

特に、本発明者らの実験研究により、床材等のような集中荷重や衝撃荷重等を受けるために高い表面硬度が要求されるものであっても、表層塑性加工材SPWのスギ材、ヒノキ材の気乾比重を0.7以上とすることで硬度等が顕著に増加するため、表層塑性加工材SPWのスギ材、ヒノキ材の気乾比重が0.7の場合にあっては、約3mm〜約5mm程度の厚みがあれば表面硬度が要求される厚みとして十分対応でき、スギ材等の針葉樹の場合、気乾比重1.2が上限値であるとしても、約1mm程度の厚みで十分であることが確認されている。即ち、気乾比重が0.7以上である本実施の形態1にかかる表層塑性加工材SPWは、約1mm〜約5mm程度の厚みがあれば、高い表面硬度が要求される床材等に確実に耐用でき、床材等に使用しても傷跡や凹みが付き難いことが確認されている。   In particular, even if a high surface hardness is required in order to receive concentrated load or impact load such as flooring or the like by experimental research by the present inventors, cedar and cypress of the surface layer plastic work material SPW. When the air-drying specific gravity of the material is 0.7 or more, the hardness and the like are remarkably increased. Therefore, when the air-drying specific gravity of the cedar and cypress materials of the surface layer plastic processed material SPW is 0.7, about If there is a thickness of about 3 mm to about 5 mm, the surface hardness can be sufficiently handled as a required thickness, and in the case of conifers such as cedar wood, even if the air dry specific gravity 1.2 is the upper limit, the thickness is about 1 mm. It has been confirmed that this is sufficient. That is, the surface plastic working material SPW according to the first embodiment having an air-drying specific gravity of 0.7 or more can be reliably used for floor materials and the like that require high surface hardness as long as it has a thickness of about 1 mm to about 5 mm. It has been confirmed that scars and dents are hardly attached even when used for flooring.

更に、本実施の形態1のように、針葉樹の単板が6枚積層されたものにおいて、内層合板IPWの全体の厚みを15mm以上とすることで、集中荷重や衝撃荷重等を受けるために高い強度や剛性が必要とされる床材等に耐用できる程度の十分な強度や剛性を確保できることが確認されている。
勿論、本発明を実施する場合には、針葉樹の単板の枚数は6枚に限定されるものではなく、学童机やダイニングテーブルの天板等に用いる場合のように比較的大きい厚みが必要とされることもあるから、必要とされる強度や剛性、使用に供する用途等を考慮して設定される。
Further, as in the first embodiment, in the case where six coniferous single plates are laminated, the total thickness of the inner plywood IPW is set to 15 mm or more, which is high to receive concentrated load, impact load, and the like. It has been confirmed that sufficient strength and rigidity that can be used for floor materials and the like that require strength and rigidity can be secured.
Of course, in the case of carrying out the present invention, the number of coniferous veneers is not limited to six, and a relatively large thickness is required as in the case of using a top board of a schoolchildren desk or a dining table. Therefore, it is set in consideration of the required strength and rigidity, the intended use, and the like.

そして、このような表層塑性加工材SPW及び内層合板IPW、塑性加工芯材NCWの3種類の加工木材によって傷跡や凹みの付き難さ、更には、十分な強度及び剛性を確保しているため、本実施の形態1の積層材LW1によれば低コスト化及び製造の容易化が可能である。
なお、非圧縮の内層合板IPWは表層塑性加工材SPWよりも柔らかく、上述の如く、表層塑性加工材SPWのスギ材、ヒノキ材の気乾比重を0.7以上とすることで硬度等が顕著に増加するために表層塑性加工材SPWの厚みを薄くできることから、内層合板IPWによる木材本来の緩衝機能を引き出すことが可能であり、内層合板IPWによる木材本来の防音効果や断熱効果をも期待できる。
また、非圧縮の内層合板IPWは塑性加工芯材NCWよりも柔らかく、上述の如く、塑性加工芯材NCWの気乾比重を0.5以上とすることで硬度等が増加するために塑性加工芯材NCWの厚みを薄くできることから、内層合板IPWによる木材本来の緩衝機能を引き出すことが可能であり、内層合板IPWによる木材本来の防音効果や断熱効果をも期待できる。加えて、表層塑性加工材SPWのカップ量を塑性加工芯材NCWで相殺することができる。
And because such surface plastic working material SPW and inner layer plywood IPW, plastic processing core material NCW three kinds of processed wood, scars and dents are difficult to attach, and further, sufficient strength and rigidity are ensured, According to the laminated material LW1 of the first embodiment, the cost can be reduced and the manufacturing can be facilitated.
The uncompressed inner plywood IPW is softer than the surface plastic working material SPW, and as described above, the hardness and the like are remarkable by setting the air-drying specific gravity of the cedar and cypress materials of the surface plastic working material SPW to 0.7 or more. Since the thickness of the surface layer plastic working material SPW can be reduced to increase the natural buffering function of the wood by the inner plywood IPW, it is possible to expect the sound insulation effect and heat insulation effect inherent to the wood by the inner plywood IPW. .
Further, the non-compressed inner layer plywood IPW is softer than the plastic core NCW, and, as described above, the hardness of the plastic core NCW is increased by setting the air-dry specific gravity to 0.5 or more. Since the thickness of the material NCW can be reduced, the original buffer function of wood by the inner plywood IPW can be extracted, and the original soundproofing effect and heat insulation effect by the inner plywood IPW can be expected. In addition, the cup amount of the surface plastic working material SPW can be offset by the plastic working core material NCW.

[実施の形態2]
ここで、周囲環境条件が変化した場合における本実施の形態2にかかる積層材LW2について、図7を参照して説明する。
本実施の形態2の積層材LW2は、図7(a)及び図7(b)に示すように、圧密加工されて気乾比重を0.7以上とした表層塑性加工材SPWの片面側に、木目の長さ方向を表層塑性加工材SPWの木目の長さ方向と直交するようにして塑性加工芯材NCWを接着剤で接合したものである。
塑性加工芯材NCWの反対側の面には、単板W1の切削加工された面側の木目の長さ方向が塑性加工芯材NCWの木目の長さ方向と直交するようにして接合した6枚の単板W(W1,〜,W6)からなる内層合板IPWが接合されている。
[Embodiment 2]
Here, the laminated material LW2 according to the second embodiment in the case where the ambient environment conditions have changed will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b), the laminated material LW2 of the second embodiment is formed on one side of the surface plastic working material SPW that has been compacted and has an air-dry specific gravity of 0.7 or more. The plastic core material NCW is joined with an adhesive so that the length direction of the grain is orthogonal to the length direction of the grain of the surface plastic working material SPW.
The opposite surface of the plastic core material NCW was joined so that the length direction of the cut side of the single plate W1 was perpendicular to the length direction of the plastic core material NCW 6 Inner layer plywood IPW made of a single plate W (W1,..., W6) is joined.

ここで、表層塑性加工材SPWと塑性加工芯材NCWとの間に介在させて両者を一体に接合する接着剤としては、実施の形態1と同様の接着剤を使用することができるが、表層塑性加工材SPWと塑性加工芯材NCWとの間においてもその塗布量は200g/m2以上とするのが好ましい。これにより、接着剤が浸透し易いという針葉樹の欠点が補完されて、表層塑性加工材SPWと塑性加工芯材NCWと内層合板IPWが強固に接着されることになる。即ち、十分な接着強度が得られることになる。このため、得られる積層材LW2において安定した強度や剛性及び寸法形状安定性を確保できる。また、接着剤使用の場合、接着剤の塗布という簡単な作業で両者を接合できる。 Here, the same adhesive as in the first embodiment can be used as an adhesive that is interposed between the surface plastic working material SPW and the plastic core NCW and integrally joins them. It is preferable that the coating amount be 200 g / m 2 or more between the plastic processed material SPW and the plastic processed core material NCW. Thereby, the defect of the coniferous tree that the adhesive easily penetrates is complemented, and the surface layer plastic processed material SPW, the plastic processed core material NCW, and the inner layer plywood IPW are firmly bonded. That is, sufficient adhesive strength can be obtained. For this reason, stable strength, rigidity, and dimensional shape stability can be secured in the obtained laminated material LW2. In the case of using an adhesive, both can be joined by a simple operation of applying an adhesive.

本実施の形態2の積層材LW2は、スギ材、ヒノキ材の木取りによって得た木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱状態で圧縮され、圧密加工により気乾比重を2倍以上、即ち、圧密加工された気乾比重を0.7以上とした表層塑性加工材SPWと、板の木取りによって得た木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱状態で圧縮され、圧密加工により気乾比重を1.5倍以上、即ち、圧密加工された気乾比重を0.5以上とし、表層塑性加工材SPWの対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように接合した1枚以上からなる塑性加工芯材NCWと、塑性加工芯材NCWの対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交し、かつ、非圧縮の針葉樹を回転させながら切削してなる単板が少なくとも1枚以上で、対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように積層接着され、前記単板の厚みを2mm〜5mmの範囲内として表層塑性加工材SPWの片面に接合された内層合板IPWとを具備している。   The laminated material LW2 of the second embodiment is compressed in a heated state by the external force applied in the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain of the timber and cypress wood, With respect to the length direction of the wood grain obtained by consolidation of the surface layer plastic processed material SPW having an air-dry specific gravity of at least twice by consolidation, that is, an air-dry specific gravity of 0.7 or more that has been consolidated. The thickness of the wood is compressed in the heated state by an external force applied in the vertical direction, and the air-drying specific gravity is 1.5 times or more by compacting, that is, the air-drying specific gravity is 0.5 or more, and the surface layer plasticity One or more plastically processed core materials NCW joined so that the length directions of the opposite faces of the workpiece SPW are orthogonal to each other, and the length directions of the opposite faces of the plastic workpiece core NCW are orthogonal to each other. And rotate the uncompressed conifer At least one veneer cut from the surface is laminated and bonded so that the length direction of the grain of the opposing surface is orthogonal to each other, and the thickness of the veneer is in the range of 2 mm to 5 mm, and the surface layer plastic work material SPW And an inner layer plywood IPW bonded to one side.

表層に硬度・耐摩耗性・剛性に優れた表層塑性加工材SPWが形成され、また、裏面側に硬度・耐摩耗性・剛性に優れた塑性加工芯材NCWが形成され、十分な強度や剛性を有する内層合板IPWを下部層としてその間に接着剤を介在させ、十分な強度や剛性を有する内層合板IPWに接着剤を介在させて一体に接合された3層構造としたものであるから、表層塑性加工材SPW側を製品表面に用いることで、表面となる表層塑性加工材SPWによって傷跡や凹みが付き難くなっている。また、表層塑性加工材SPWのみならず塑性加工芯材NCWが作用し、十分な強度及び剛性を有している。このため、履物による集中荷重や衝撃荷重を受ける床材、デッキ材、腰板材、屋内家具材、表面塗装して使用する住宅用外装材、学童机、テーブルの天板、扉等の広範な用途に耐用可能であり、傷跡や凹みが付き難いために意匠面も長時間良好に維持される。   Surface plastic processing material SPW with excellent hardness, wear resistance, and rigidity is formed on the surface layer, and plastic processing core material NCW with excellent hardness, wear resistance, and rigidity is formed on the back surface, and sufficient strength and rigidity Since the inner layer plywood IPW having a lower layer is used as a lower layer, an adhesive is interposed therebetween, and the inner layer plywood IPW having sufficient strength and rigidity is joined to the inner layer plywood IPW integrally with the adhesive. By using the plastic processed material SPW side as the product surface, scars and dents are hardly attached by the surface layer plastic processed material SPW. Further, not only the surface plastic working material SPW but also the plastic working core material NCW acts, and has sufficient strength and rigidity. For this reason, it can be used in a wide range of applications such as flooring, deck materials, waistboard materials, indoor furniture materials, housing exterior materials used for surface coating, school children's desks, table tops, doors, etc. that receive concentrated loads or impact loads from footwear. The design surface is well maintained for a long time because it is difficult to be scratched and dented.

このとき、表層塑性加工材SPWは表層が、硬度・耐摩耗性・剛性に優れた意匠面となる。また、塑性加工芯材NCWは圧密加工により気乾比重を1.5倍以上とするもので、内層合板IPWと表層塑性加工材SPW側の互いの対向面を木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように接合し、かつ、表層塑性加工材SPWの木表面側または木裏面側に対向して塑性加工芯材NCWの木裏面側または木表面側を対向させる。積層材LW2の全枚数が奇数枚のときに表層塑性加工材SPWと塑性加工芯材NCWは互いにカップ方向が相殺され、表層塑性加工材SPWの意匠面にでてくるカップ量が小さくなり、床材に使用しても狂いが僅少である。また、偶数枚のときに表層塑性加工材SPWと塑性加工芯材NCWは互いにカップ方向が生じ難い組み合わせてであり、表層塑性加工材の意匠面にでてくるカップ量が小さくなり、床材に使用しても狂いが僅少である。
そして、内層合板IPWは、木材本来の特性によって集中荷重や衝撃荷重を受ける床材、デッキ材、腰板材等の弾性材として機能する。このように、表層塑性加工材SPWの木表面側に塑性加工芯材NCWの木裏面側または木表面側表層塑性加工材SPWの木裏面側に塑性加工芯材NCWの木表面側を対向させることによりカップ方向を互いに逆とし、そのカップ量を相殺することができる。
At this time, the surface layer of the surface layer plastic work material SPW becomes a design surface excellent in hardness, wear resistance, and rigidity. Further, the plastic core material NCW has an air-drying specific gravity of 1.5 times or more by compaction processing, and the length directions of the grains of the inner plywood IPW and the surface plastic processing material SPW side are orthogonal to each other. In addition, the wood surface side or the wood surface side of the plastic processing core material NCW is opposed to the wood surface side or the wood back surface side of the surface layer plastic work material SPW. When the total number of the laminated materials LW2 is an odd number, the surface plastic working material SPW and the plastic working core material NCW are offset from each other in the cup direction, and the amount of cup that appears on the design surface of the surface plastic working material SPW is reduced. Even if it is used as a material, there is little error. In addition, the surface layer plastic work material SPW and the plastic work core material NCW are combined in such a way that the cup direction is unlikely to be generated when the number of sheets is an even number, and the amount of cup that appears on the design surface of the surface layer plastic work material is reduced. Even if you use it, there is little madness.
The inner layer plywood IPW functions as an elastic material such as a floor material, a deck material, and a waist plate material that receives a concentrated load or an impact load due to the original characteristics of wood. In this way, the wood surface side of the plastic processing core material NCW or the wood back surface side of the plastic surface core processing material SPW of the plastic processing core material NCW is opposed to the wood surface side of the surface plastic processing material SPW. Thus, the cup directions can be reversed to cancel each other.

特に、表層塑性加工材SPWと塑性加工芯材NCWとのカップ方向は、木表面側と木裏面側によって決定されるから、それを対向させることによってカップ量を相殺できる。図6の実施の形態2では、表層塑性加工材SPWと塑性加工芯材NCWのカップ方向を互いに逆とすると、表層塑性加工材SPWよりも塑性加工芯材NCWの厚みが薄いだけ表層塑性加工材SPWのカップ量に引っ張られることになる。しかし、単板W(W1,〜,W6)からなる内層合板IPWは、表層塑性加工材SPWの単体のカップ量よりもそのカップ量が小さくなる。また、塑性加工芯材NCW側からみても、床材等に使用したときには、外部の影響を受けやすく、その影響を塑性加工芯材NCW側から内層合板IPW側に伝えられて弾性力が強くなるが、表層塑性加工材SPWに伝わる歪量の影響力が小さくなる。   In particular, the cup direction between the surface plastic working material SPW and the plastic core material NCW is determined by the wood front side and the wood back side, so that the cup amount can be offset by making them face each other. In the second embodiment of FIG. 6, when the cup directions of the surface plastic working material SPW and the plastic working core material NCW are opposite to each other, the surface plastic working material is thinner than the surface plastic working material SPW by a smaller thickness. It will be pulled by the cup amount of SPW. However, the inner layer plywood IPW composed of the single plates W (W1,..., W6) has a smaller cup amount than the single cup amount of the surface plastic working material SPW. In addition, even when viewed from the plastic processing core material NCW side, when used as a flooring or the like, it is easily affected by the outside, and the influence is transmitted from the plastic processing core material NCW side to the inner plywood IPW side, so that the elastic force becomes strong. However, the influence of the strain amount transmitted to the surface plastic working material SPW is reduced.

また、表層塑性加工材SPWのと塑性加工芯材NCWの下に内層合板IPWを接合しており、本実施の形態の積層材を釘で止める場合、内層合板IPWから釘を打ち込み、止めればよいから。釘が入りやすく、内層合板IPWを貫通するので、ひび割れや裂けることがなく、目的の下地に釘止めすることができる。
また、塑性加工芯材NCWから釘を打ち込んだとしても、内層合板IPWで接合されているから、内層合板IPWを貫通するので、ひび割れや裂けることがなく、目的の下地に釘止めすることができる。
In addition, when the inner layer plywood IPW is joined to the surface layer plastic work material SPW and the plastic work core NCW, and the laminated material of the present embodiment is fastened with a nail, the nail is driven from the inner layer plywood IPW and stopped. From. Since the nail is easy to enter and penetrates the inner plywood IPW, it can be nailed to the target substrate without cracking or tearing.
Even if nails are driven from the plastic core NCW, they are joined by the inner plywood IPW, and therefore penetrate the inner plywood IPW, so that they can be nailed to the desired base without cracking or tearing. .

そして、このような表層塑性加工材SPW及び塑性加工芯材NCW、内層合板IPWの3種類の加工木材によって傷跡や凹みの付き難さ、更には、十分な強度及び剛性を確保しているから、本実施の形態2の積層材LW2によれば低コスト化及び製造の容易化が可能である。なお、非圧縮の内層合板IPWは表層塑性加工材SPWよりも柔らかく、しかも、圧密加工により塑性加工芯材NCWの気乾比重を1.5倍以上とすることで硬度等が増加し、塑性加工芯材NCWの厚みも薄くでき、内層合板IPWによる木材本来の緩衝機能を引き出すことが可能となり、内層合板IPWによる木材本来の防音効果や断熱効果をも期待できる。
また、非圧縮の内層合板IPWは塑性加工芯材NCWよりも柔らかく、上述の如く、圧密加工により塑性加工芯材NCWの気乾比重を1.5倍以上とすることで硬度等が増加するために塑性加工芯材NCWの厚みを薄くできることから、内層合板IPWによる木材本来の緩衝機能を引き出すことが可能であり、内層合板IPWによる木材本来の防音効果や断熱効果をも期待できる。加えて、表層塑性加工材SPWのカップ量を塑性加工芯材NCWで相殺することができる。
And because such surface plastic working material SPW and plastic working core material NCW, inner layer plywood IPW three kinds of processed wood, it is difficult to have scars and dents, and furthermore, sufficient strength and rigidity are ensured, According to the laminated material LW2 of the second embodiment, the cost can be reduced and the manufacturing can be facilitated. The non-compressed inner plywood IPW is softer than the surface plastic working material SPW, and the hardness and the like are increased by increasing the air-drying specific gravity of the plastic processing core material NCW by 1.5 times or more by compacting. The core material NCW can also be made thin, and it is possible to draw out the original buffer function of wood by the inner layer plywood IPW, and the original soundproofing effect and heat insulation effect by the inner layer plywood IPW can be expected.
In addition, the uncompressed inner plywood IPW is softer than the plastic core NCW, and as described above, the hardness and the like increase by increasing the air-drying specific gravity of the plastic core NCW by 1.5 times or more by consolidation. Furthermore, since the thickness of the plastic core material NCW can be reduced, it is possible to bring out the original buffer function of the wood by the inner plywood IPW, and the sound insulation effect and heat insulation effect inherent to the wood by the inner plywood IPW can also be expected. In addition, the cup amount of the surface plastic working material SPW can be offset by the plastic working core material NCW.

[実施の形態3]
本実施の形態3にかかる積層材LW3について、図8を参照して説明する。
本実施の形態3の積層材LW3は、図8(a)及び図8(b)に示すように、圧密加工されて気乾比重を0.7以上とした表層塑性加工材SPWの片面側に、木目の長さ方向を表層塑性加工材SPWの木目の長さ方向と直交するようにして塑性加工芯材NCW1を接着剤で接合したものである。塑性加工芯材NCW1の反対側の面には、単板W1の切削加工された面側の木目の長さ方向が塑性加工芯材NCW1の木目の長さ方向と直交するようにして接合した6枚の単板W(W1,〜,W6)からなる内層合板IPW、内層合板IPWの単板W6側には、塑性加工芯材NCW2が接合されている。
[Embodiment 3]
A laminated material LW3 according to the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIGS. 8 (a) and 8 (b), the laminated material LW3 of the third embodiment is formed on one surface side of the surface layer plastic processed material SPW that is compacted and has an air-dry specific gravity of 0.7 or more. The plastic processing core material NCW1 is joined with an adhesive so that the length direction of the grain is orthogonal to the length direction of the grain of the surface plastic working material SPW. The opposite side surface of the plastic core material NCW1 is joined so that the length direction of the cut side of the single plate W1 is orthogonal to the length direction of the plastic core material NCW1 6 An inner layer plywood IPW composed of a single plate W (W1,..., W6), and a plastic processing core NCW2 are joined to the single plate W6 side of the inner layer plywood IPW.

ここで、表層塑性加工材SPWと塑性加工芯材NCW1との間に介在させて両者を一体に接合する接着剤としては、実施の形態1と同様の接着剤を使用することができるが、表層塑性加工材SPWと塑性加工芯材NCW1と、内層合板IPWと塑性加工芯材NCW2との間においてもその塗布量は200g/m2以上とするのが好ましい。これにより、接着剤が浸透し易いという内層合板IPWの欠点が補完されて、表層塑性加工材SPWと塑性加工芯材NCW1と、内層合板IPWと塑性加工芯材NCW2とが強固に接着されることになる。即ち、十分な接着強度が得られることにり、得られた積層材LW3において安定した強度や剛性及び寸法形状安定性を確保できる。
なお、表層塑性加工材SPW及び塑性加工芯材NCW1及び内層合板IPW及び裏面側塑性加工芯材としての塑性加工芯材NCW2は、接着剤を介在させ図示しないホットプレスによる圧締で一体に接合されたものである。
Here, the same adhesive as in the first embodiment can be used as an adhesive that is interposed between the surface plastic working material SPW and the plastic core NCW1 and integrally joins them. It is preferable that the coating amount be 200 g / m 2 or more between the plastic processed material SPW, the plastic processed core material NCW1, and the inner layer plywood IPW and the plastic processed core material NCW2. As a result, the disadvantage of the inner layer plywood IPW that the adhesive easily penetrates is complemented, and the surface layer plastic processed material SPW and the plastic processing core material NCW1 are firmly bonded to the inner layer plywood IPW and the plastic processing core material NCW2. become. That is, sufficient adhesive strength can be obtained, and stable strength, rigidity, and dimensional shape stability can be secured in the obtained laminated material LW3.
The surface layer plastic processed material SPW, the plastic processed core material NCW1, the inner layer plywood IPW, and the plastic processed core material NCW2 as the back surface side plastic processed core material are joined together by pressing with a hot press (not shown) with an adhesive interposed therebetween. It is a thing.

このように、本実施の形態3の積層材LW3は、板の木取りによって得た木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱状態で圧縮され、圧密加工されてスギ材、ヒノキ材の気乾比重を0.7以上、即ち、圧密加工により気乾比重を2倍以上とした表層塑性加工材SPWと、板の木取りによって得た木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱状態で圧縮され、圧密加工されてスギ材、ヒノキ材の気乾比重を0.5以上、即ち、圧密加工により気乾比重を1.5倍以上とし、表層塑性加工材SPWの対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように接合した1枚以上からなる塑性加工芯材NCW1と、表層塑性加工材SPWの対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交し、かつ、非圧縮の針葉樹を回転させながら切削してなる単板が少なくとも1枚以上で、対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように積層接着され、前記単板の厚みを2mm〜5mmの範囲内として塑性加工芯材NCW1の片面に接合された内層合板IPWと、板の木取りによって得た木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱圧縮され、圧密加工により気乾比重を1.5倍以上とし、内層合板IPWの対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように接合した1枚以上からなる他の塑性加工芯材(裏面側塑性加工芯材)NCW2とを具備するものである。   Thus, the laminated material LW3 of the third embodiment is compressed in the heated state by the external force applied in the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain of the wood obtained by wood cutting, Compressed and processed cedar and cypress wood have an air-drying specific gravity of 0.7 or higher, that is, a surface plastic working material SPW whose air-drying specific gravity is doubled or more by consolidation, and wood grain obtained by wood cutting The thickness of the wood is compressed in a heated state by an external force applied in a direction perpendicular to the length direction, and is compressed and the air-drying specific gravity of the cedar and cypress materials is 0.5 or more, that is, air is compressed by the consolidation. A plastic core material NCW1 composed of one or more sheets having a dry specific gravity of 1.5 times or more and joined so that the length direction of the grain of the opposite surface of the surface plastic working material SPW is orthogonal to each other, and the surface plastic working material SPW Opposite side grain lengths are At least one veneer that is crossed and cut while rotating uncompressed conifers, and is laminated and bonded so that the length directions of the grain of the opposing surface are orthogonal to each other, and the thickness of the veneer is increased. The inner layer plywood IPW joined to one side of the plastic core NCW1 within the range of 2 mm to 5 mm, and the external force applied in the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain obtained by wood cutting of the wood, Another plastic processing core consisting of one or more sheets whose thickness is heated and compressed, the air-drying specific gravity is 1.5 times or more by consolidation, and the lengths of the opposite side of the inner layer plywood IPW are orthogonal to each other. Material (back side plastic working core material) NCW2.

本実施の形態3の積層材LW3は、表層に硬度・耐摩耗性・剛性に優れた表層塑性加工材SPWが形成され、また、裏面側に硬度・耐摩耗性・剛性に優れた塑性加工芯材NCW1が形成され、十分な強度や剛性を有する内層合板IPWを下部層としてその間に接着剤を介在させ、十分な強度や剛性を有する内層合板IPWに接着剤を介在させ、更に、内層合板IPWには塑性加工芯材(裏面側塑性加工芯材)NCW2とを一体に接合された4層構造としたものであるから、表層塑性加工材SPW側を製品表面に用いることで、表面となる表層塑性加工材SPWによって傷跡や凹みが付き難くなっている。また、表層塑性加工材SPWのみならず塑性加工芯材NCW1が作用し、十分な強度及び剛性を有している。このため、履物による集中荷重や衝撃荷重を受ける床材、デッキ材、腰板材、屋内家具材、表面塗装して使用する住宅用外装材、学童机、テーブルの天板、扉等の広範な用途に耐用可能であり、傷跡や凹みが付き難いために意匠面も長時間良好に維持される。   The laminated material LW3 of the third embodiment has a surface layer formed of a surface plastic working material SPW having excellent hardness, wear resistance, and rigidity, and a plastic processing core having excellent hardness, wear resistance, and rigidity on the back surface side. A material NCW1 is formed, and an inner layer plywood IPW having sufficient strength and rigidity is used as a lower layer, an adhesive is interposed therebetween, an adhesive is interposed in the inner layer plywood IPW having sufficient strength and rigidity, and further an inner layer plywood IPW Has a four-layer structure in which a plastic processing core material (back side plastic processing core material) NCW2 is integrally joined. Therefore, by using the surface plastic processing material SPW side as the product surface, the surface layer that becomes the surface Scars and dents are hardly attached by the plastic working material SPW. Further, not only the surface plastic working material SPW but also the plastic working core material NCW1 acts and has sufficient strength and rigidity. For this reason, it can be used in a wide range of applications such as flooring, deck materials, waistboard materials, indoor furniture materials, housing exterior materials used for surface coating, school children's desks, table tops, doors, etc. that receive concentrated loads or impact loads from footwear. The design surface is well maintained for a long time because it is difficult to be scratched and dented.

このとき、表層塑性加工材SPWは表層が、硬度・耐摩耗性・剛性に優れた意匠面となる。また、塑性加工芯材NCW1は圧密加工されて気乾比重を0.5以上とするもので、内層合板IPWと表層塑性加工材SPW側の互いの対向面を木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように接合し、かつ、表層塑性加工材SPWの木表面側または木裏面側に対向して塑性加工芯材NCW1の木裏面側または木表面側を対向させる。そして、内層合板IPWは、木材本来の特性によって集中荷重や衝撃荷重を受ける床材、デッキ材、腰板材等の弾性材として機能する。このように、表層塑性加工材SPWの木表面側に塑性加工芯材NCW1の木裏面側または木表面側表層塑性加工材SPWの木裏面側に塑性加工芯材NCW1の木表面側を対向させることによりカップ方向を互いに逆とし、そのカップ量を相殺することができる。   At this time, the surface layer of the surface layer plastic work material SPW becomes a design surface excellent in hardness, wear resistance, and rigidity. Further, the plastic core material NCW1 is compacted to have an air-drying specific gravity of 0.5 or more, and the length directions of the grains of the inner plywood IPW and the surface plastic processing material SPW side are perpendicular to each other. The wood surface side or the wood surface side of the plastic processing core material NCW1 is opposed to the wood surface side or the wood back surface side of the surface layer plastic work material SPW. The inner layer plywood IPW functions as an elastic material such as a floor material, a deck material, and a waist plate material that receives a concentrated load or an impact load due to the original characteristics of wood. In this manner, the wood surface side of the plastic core material NCW1 is made to face the wood surface side of the surface layer plastic work material SPW or the wood surface side of the plastic core material NCW1 is made to face the wood back surface side of the wood surface side surface plastic work material SPW. Thus, the cup directions can be reversed to cancel each other.

特に、表層塑性加工材SPWと塑性加工芯材NCW1とのカップ方向は、木表面側と木裏面側によって決定されるから、それを対向させることによってカップ量を相殺できる。図8の実施の形態3では、表層塑性加工材SPWと塑性加工芯材NCW1のカップ方向を互いに逆とすると、表層塑性加工材SPWよりも塑性加工芯材NCW1の厚みが薄いだけ表層塑性加工材SPWのカップ量に引っ張られることになる。しかし、単板W(W1,〜,W6)からなる内層合板IPWは、表層塑性加工材SPWの単体のカップ量よりもそのカップ量が小さくなる。また、塑性加工芯材NCW側からみても、床材等に使用したときには、外部の影響を受けやすく、その影響を塑性加工芯材NCW側から内層合板IPW側に伝えられ、弾性力が強くなるが、表層塑性加工材SPWに伝わる歪量の影響力が小さくなる。   In particular, since the cup direction of the surface plastic working material SPW and the plastic working core material NCW1 is determined by the wood surface side and the wood back surface side, the cup amount can be offset by making them face each other. In Embodiment 3 of FIG. 8, when the cup directions of the surface plastic working material SPW and the plastic working core material NCW1 are opposite to each other, the surface plastic working material is thinner than the surface plastic working material SPW by a smaller thickness. It will be pulled by the cup amount of SPW. However, the inner layer plywood IPW composed of the single plates W (W1,..., W6) has a smaller cup amount than the single cup amount of the surface plastic working material SPW. In addition, even when viewed from the plastic processing core material NCW side, when used for flooring or the like, it is easily affected by the outside, and the influence is transmitted from the plastic processing core material NCW side to the inner plywood IPW side, and the elastic force becomes stronger. However, the influence of the strain amount transmitted to the surface plastic working material SPW is reduced.

また、表層塑性加工材SPWのと塑性加工芯材NCWの1下の内層合板IPWに塑性加工芯材NCW2を接合しており、本実施の形態の積層材を釘で止める場合、内層合板IPWから釘を打ち込み、塑性加工芯材NCW2に止めればよいから。釘が入りやすく、安定した固着状態が維持されるから、内層合板IPWを貫通するので、ひび割れや裂けることがなく、目的の下地に釘止めすることができる。
また、塑性加工芯材NCW1から釘を打ち込んだとしても、内層合板IPWで接合されているから、内層合板IPWを貫通するので、塑性加工芯材NCW2ひび割れや裂けることがなく、目的の下地に釘止めすることができる。
In addition, when the plastic core material NCW2 is joined to the inner layer plywood IPW below the surface layer plastic work material SPW and the plastic core material NCW 1 and the laminated material of the present embodiment is clamped with a nail, the inner layer plywood IPW It is only necessary to drive in a nail and stop it on the plastic core NCW2. Since the nail is easy to enter and a stable fixed state is maintained, the inner layer plywood IPW is penetrated.
Even if a nail is driven from the plastic core NCW1, since it is joined by the inner plywood IPW, it penetrates the inner plywood IPW. Therefore, the plastic core NCW2 is not cracked or cracked, and the nail is formed on the target base. Can be stopped.

そして、このような表層塑性加工材SPW及び塑性加工芯材NCW1によって傷跡や凹みの付き難さ、更には、十分な強度及び剛性を確保しているから、本実施の形態3の積層材LW3によれば低コスト化及び製造の容易化が可能である。なお、非圧縮の内層合板IPWは表層塑性加工材SPWよりも柔らかく、しかも、圧密加工により塑性加工芯材NCW1及び塑性加工芯材NCW2の気乾比重を1.5倍以上とすることで硬度等が増加するために塑性加工芯材NCW1及び塑性加工芯材NCW2の厚みも薄くでき、内層合板IPWによる木材本来の緩衝機能を引き出すことが可能であり、内層合板IPWによる木材本来の防音効果や断熱効果をも期待できる。   And since the surface layer plastic working material SPW and the plastic working core material NCW1 ensure scars and dents, as well as sufficient strength and rigidity, the laminated material LW3 of the third embodiment is used. Therefore, the cost can be reduced and the manufacturing can be facilitated. The non-compressed inner plywood IPW is softer than the surface layer plastic work material SPW, and the hardness and the like can be increased by increasing the air-drying specific gravity of the plastic core material NCW1 and the plastic core material NCW2 to 1.5 times or more by consolidation. Therefore, the thickness of the plastic processing core material NCW1 and the plastic processing core material NCW2 can be reduced, and the original buffer function of the wood by the inner layer plywood IPW can be extracted. The effect can also be expected.

また、非圧縮の内層合板IPWは塑性加工芯材NCW1及び塑性加工芯材NCW2よりも柔らかく、上述の如く、圧密加工により塑性加工芯材NCW1及び塑性加工芯材NCW2の気乾比重を1.5倍以上とすることで硬度等が増加するために塑性加工芯材NCW1及び塑性加工芯材NCW2の厚みを薄くできることから、内層合板IPWによる木材本来の緩衝機能を引き出すことが可能であり、内層合板IPWによる木材本来の防音効果や断熱効果をも期待できる。加えて、表層塑性加工材SPWのカップ量を塑性加工芯材NCW1で相殺することができる。詳しくは、塑性加工芯材NCW2も若干作用するから、正確には、表層塑性加工材SPWのカップ量を塑性加工芯材NCW1及び塑性加工芯材NCW2で相殺することができる。   Further, the non-compressed inner layer plywood IPW is softer than the plastic core material NCW1 and the plastic core material NCW2, and, as described above, the air-drying specific gravity of the plastic core material NCW1 and the plastic core material NCW2 is 1.5 by consolidation. Since the thickness of the plastic processing core material NCW1 and the plastic processing core material NCW2 can be reduced because the hardness and the like are increased by setting it to be twice or more, it is possible to draw out the original buffer function of the wood by the inner layer plywood IPW. The original soundproofing effect and heat insulation effect of wood by IPW can also be expected. In addition, the cup amount of the surface plastic working material SPW can be offset by the plastic working core material NCW1. In detail, since the plastic processing core material NCW2 also works slightly, the cup amount of the surface plastic processing material SPW can be accurately offset by the plastic processing core material NCW1 and the plastic processing core material NCW2.

[実施の形態4]
本実施の形態4にかかる積層材LW4について、図9を参照して説明する。
本実施の形態4の積層材LW4は、図9(a)及び図9(b)に示すように、圧密加工により気乾比重を2倍以上とした表層塑性加工材SPWの片面側に、木目の長さ方向を表層塑性加工材SPWの木目の長さ方向と直交するように2枚の単板W(W1,W2)からなり、互いの木目の長さ方向を逆とした内側の内層合板IPW1を接合する。そして、2枚の単板W(W1,W2)からなる内層合板IPW1には、2枚の互いの木目長方向を及び木表面側と木裏面側とを互いに逆とした塑性加工芯材NCW1及び塑性加工芯材NCW2を接合し、更に、塑性加工芯材NCW2の下側の木目の長さ方向と直交するように2枚の単板W(W3,W4)からなる外側の内層合板(裏面側塑性加工芯材)IPW2で構成されている。
[Embodiment 4]
A laminated material LW4 according to the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIGS. 9 (a) and 9 (b), the laminated material LW4 of the fourth embodiment has a grain on one side of the surface plastic working material SPW whose air-drying specific gravity is doubled or more by consolidation. Inner inner plywood composed of two single plates W (W1, W2) so that the length direction of each is orthogonal to the length direction of the grain of the surface plastic working material SPW, with the length direction of each grain being reversed Join IPW1. The inner layer plywood IPW1 composed of two single plates W (W1, W2) includes two plastic processing cores NCW1 in which the wood grain length direction and the wood surface side and the wood back side are opposite to each other, The inner core plywood (outside surface) made of two single plates W (W3, W4) is joined so as to join the plastic core material NCW2 and to be orthogonal to the length direction of the lower grain of the plastic core material NCW2. Plastic processing core material) IPW2.

ここで、表層塑性加工材SPWと内側の内層合板IPW1と外側の内層合板IPW2との間で2枚の塑性加工芯材NCW1及び塑性加工芯材NCW2を介在させて両者を一体に接合する接着剤としては、内層合板IPWと同様の接着剤を使用することができる。これにより、十分な接着強度が得られることになる。このため、得られる積層材LW4において安定した強度や剛性及び寸法形状安定性を確保できる。   Here, an adhesive for integrally bonding the two plastic processing cores NCW1 and NCW2 between the surface plastic processing material SPW, the inner inner plywood IPW1 and the outer inner plywood IPW2 For example, the same adhesive as the inner plywood IPW can be used. Thereby, sufficient adhesive strength is obtained. For this reason, stable strength, rigidity, and dimensional shape stability can be secured in the obtained laminated material LW4.

このように、本実施の形態4の積層材LW4は、板の木取りによって得た木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱状態で圧縮され、圧密加工により気乾比重を2倍以上とした表層塑性加工材SPWと、表層塑性加工材SPWの対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交し、かつ、非圧縮の針葉樹を回転させながら切削してなる単板が少なくとも1枚以上で、対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように積層接着され、前記単板の厚みを2mm〜5mmの範囲内として表層塑性加工材SPW1の片面に接合された内側の内層合板IPW1と、板の木取りによって得た木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱状態で圧縮され、圧密加工により気乾比重を1.5倍以上とし、前記内側の内層合板IPW1の対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように接合した1枚以上からなる塑性加工芯材NCW1及び塑性加工芯材NCW2と、塑性加工芯材NCW2の対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交し、かつ、非圧縮の針葉樹を回転させながら切削してなる単板が少なくとも1枚以上で、対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように積層接着され、前記単板の厚みを2mm〜5mmの範囲内として塑性加工芯材NCW2の片面に接合された外側の内層合板IPW2とを具備するものである。   Thus, the laminated material LW4 of the fourth embodiment is compressed in a heated state by the external force applied in the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain of the wood obtained by wood cutting, The surface plastic working material SPW whose air-drying specific gravity is doubled or more by compaction processing and the length direction of the grain of the opposing surface of the surface plastic working material SPW are orthogonal to each other and cutting while rotating the uncompressed conifer At least one veneer is laminated and bonded so that the length direction of the grain of the opposing surface is orthogonal to each other, and the thickness of the veneer is in the range of 2 mm to 5 mm on one side of the surface plastic working material SPW1 The thickness of the wood is compressed in the heated state by the external force applied in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the grain of the wood obtained by cutting the joined inner layer plywood IPW1, and air-dried by compaction processing. Specific gravity A plastic processing core NCW1 and a plastic processing core NCW2 composed of one or more sheets which are joined so that the length direction of the grain of the opposing surface of the inner inner layer plywood IPW1 is orthogonal to each other, and a plastic processing core The length direction of the grain of the opposing surface of the material NCW2 is orthogonal to each other, and at least one or more single plates cut while rotating the uncompressed softwood, the length direction of the grain of the opposing surface is orthogonal to each other And the outer inner layer plywood IPW2 joined to one surface of the plastic core NCW2 with the thickness of the single plate within a range of 2 mm to 5 mm.

本実施の形態4の積層材LW4は、表層に硬度・耐摩耗性・剛性に優れた表層塑性加工材SPWが形成され、その裏面側に十分な強度や剛性を有する内側の内層合板IPW1を、また、内層合板IPW1の他方には硬度・耐摩耗性・剛性に優れた塑性加工芯材NCW1及び塑性加工芯材NCW2が接合され、更に、十分な強度や剛性を有する内層合板IPW2を下部層としてその間に接着剤を介在させ、一体に接合された4層構造としたものである。表層塑性加工材SPW側を製品表面に用いることで、表面となる表層塑性加工材SPWによって傷跡や凹みが付き難くなっている。また、表層塑性加工材SPWのみならず塑性加工芯材NCW1及び塑性加工芯材NCW2が作用し、十分な強度及び剛性を有している。   In the laminated material LW4 of the fourth embodiment, the surface layer plastic processed material SPW having excellent hardness, wear resistance, and rigidity is formed on the surface layer, and the inner layer plywood IPW1 having sufficient strength and rigidity on the back surface side, Also, the other of the inner layer plywood IPW1 is joined with a plastic core material NCW1 and a plastic core material NCW2 excellent in hardness, wear resistance and rigidity, and further, an inner layer plywood IPW2 having sufficient strength and rigidity is used as a lower layer. A four-layer structure in which an adhesive is interposed between them and bonded together is used. By using the surface plastic working material SPW side for the product surface, the surface plastic working material SPW that is the surface is less likely to be scratched or dented. Further, not only the surface layer plastic work material SPW but also the plastic work core material NCW1 and the plastic work core material NCW2 act and have sufficient strength and rigidity.

このとき、表層塑性加工材SPWは表層が、硬度・耐摩耗性・剛性に優れた意匠面となる。また、塑性加工芯材NCW1及び塑性加工芯材NCW2は圧密加工により気乾比重を1.5倍以上とするもので、表層塑性加工材SPWと内層合板IPW2との互いの対向面を木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように接合し、かつ、表層塑性加工材SPWの木表面側または木裏面側に対向して塑性加工芯材NCW1及び塑性加工芯材NCW2の木裏面側または木表面側を対向させる。そして、内層合板IPW1及び内層合板IPW2は、表層塑性加工材SPWの木表面側に塑性加工芯材NCW1の木裏面側または表層塑性加工材SPWの木裏面側に塑性加工芯材NCW2の木表面側を対向させることによりカップ方向を互いに逆とし、そのカップ量を相殺することができる。   At this time, the surface layer of the surface layer plastic work material SPW becomes a design surface excellent in hardness, wear resistance, and rigidity. In addition, the plastic processing core material NCW1 and the plastic processing core material NCW2 have an air-drying specific gravity of 1.5 times or more by consolidation, and the opposing surfaces of the surface plastic processing material SPW and the inner layer plywood IPW2 are made of a long grain. The wood back side or the wood surface side of the plastic processing core material NCW1 and the plastic processing core material NCW2 are joined so that the vertical directions are orthogonal to each other, and facing the wood surface side or wood back side of the surface plastic working material SPW. Make them face each other. The inner layer plywood IPW1 and the inner layer plywood IPW2 are arranged on the tree surface side of the plastic core material NCW1 on the tree surface side of the surface plastic work material SPW or on the tree surface side of the plastic core material NCW2 on the tree back surface side of the surface plastic work material SPW. By making the two face each other, the cup directions can be reversed to cancel each other.

特に、表層塑性加工材SPWと塑性加工芯材NCW2(塑性加工芯材NCW1)とのカップ方向は、木表面側と木裏面側によって決定されるから、それを対向させることによってカップ量を相殺できる。図9の実施の形態4では、表層塑性加工材SPWと塑性加工芯材NCW1のカップ方向を互いに逆とすると、表層塑性加工材SPWよりも塑性加工芯材NCW1の厚みが薄いだけ表層塑性加工材SPWのカップ量に引っ張られることになる。しかし、単板W(W1,W2)からなる内層合板IPW1は、表層塑性加工材SPWの単体のカップ量よりもそのカップ量が小さくなる。また、塑性加工芯材NCW1側からみても、床材等に使用したときには、外部の影響を受けやすく、その影響を塑性加工芯材NCW2側から塑性加工芯材NCW2を拘束し、内層合板IPW2側に伝えられ、弾性力が強くなり、表層塑性加工材SPWに伝わる歪量の影響力が小さくなる。   In particular, the cup direction of the surface layer plastic work material SPW and the plastic work core material NCW2 (plastic work core material NCW1) is determined by the wood surface side and the wood back surface side. . In Embodiment 4 of FIG. 9, when the cup directions of the surface plastic working material SPW and the plastic working core NCW1 are opposite to each other, the surface plastic working material is thinner than the surface plastic working material SPW by a smaller thickness. It will be pulled by the cup amount of SPW. However, the inner layer plywood IPW1 made of the single plate W (W1, W2) has a smaller cup amount than the single cup amount of the surface plastic working material SPW. Further, even when viewed from the plastic processing core NCW1 side, when used as a flooring or the like, it is easily affected by the outside, and the plastic processing core NCW2 is constrained from the plastic processing core NCW2 and the inner plywood IPW2 side Therefore, the elastic force is increased, and the influence of the strain amount transmitted to the surface plastic working material SPW is reduced.

また、本実施の形態の積層材を釘で止める場合、表層塑性加工材SPWの下の内層合板IPW1から塑性加工芯材NCW1、塑性加工芯材NCW2を接合しており、内層合板IPW1から釘を打ち込み、塑性加工芯材NCW1に釘頭部を止めればよいから。釘が入りやすく、安定した固着状態が維持でき、また、内層合板IPW2を貫通するので、ひび割れや裂けることがなく、目的の下地に釘止めすることができる。
また、塑性加工芯材NCW2側から釘を打ち込んだとしても、内層合板IPW1で接合されているから、内層合板IPW1を貫通するので、塑性加工芯材NCW1にひび割れや裂けが生ずることなく、目的の下地に釘止めすることができる。
Further, when the laminated material of the present embodiment is fixed with a nail, the plastic core material NCW1 and the plastic core material NCW2 are joined from the inner layer plywood IPW1 below the surface plastic material SPW, and the nail is joined from the inner layer plywood IPW1. This is because it is only necessary to fix the nail head to the plastic core material NCW1. A nail is easy to enter, a stable fixed state can be maintained, and since it penetrates the inner plywood IPW2, it can be nailed to a desired base without cracking or tearing.
Even if a nail is driven from the plastic core NCW2 side, since it is joined by the inner plywood IPW1, it penetrates the inner plywood IPW1, so that the plastic core NCW1 is not cracked or torn. Can be nailed to the groundwork.

そして、このような表層塑性加工材SPWによって傷跡や凹みの付き難さ、更には、十分な強度及び剛性を確保しているから、本実施の形態4の積層材LW4によれば低コスト化及び製造の容易化が可能である。なお、非圧縮の内層合板IPW2は表層塑性加工材SPWよりも柔らかく、しかも、圧密加工により塑性加工芯材NCW1及び塑性加工芯材NCW2の気乾比重を1.5倍以上とすることで硬度等が増加するために塑性加工芯材NCW1及び塑性加工芯材NCW2の厚みも薄くでき、内側の内層合板IPW1及び外側の内装合板IPW2による木材本来の緩衝機能を引き出すことが可能となり、内層合板IPW1及び内層合板IPW2による木材本来の防音効果や断熱効果をも期待できる。   And since the surface layer plastic working material SPW secures scars and dents, and sufficient strength and rigidity, the laminated material LW4 of the fourth embodiment can reduce the cost and Manufacturing can be facilitated. The non-compressed inner layer plywood IPW2 is softer than the surface layer plastic work material SPW, and the hardness and the like by increasing the air-drying specific gravity of the plastic work core material NCW1 and the plastic work core material NCW2 by 1.5 times or more by consolidation. Therefore, the thickness of the plastic core material NCW1 and the plastic core material NCW2 can be reduced, and the original buffer function of the wood by the inner inner layer plywood IPW1 and the outer interior plywood IPW2 can be extracted. The sound insulation effect and heat insulation effect inherent to wood by the inner layer plywood IPW2 can also be expected.

また、非圧縮の内層合板IPW1及び内層合板IPW2は、塑性加工芯材NCW1及び塑性加工芯材NCW2よりも柔らかく、上述の如く、圧密加工により塑性加工芯材NCW1及び塑性加工芯材NCW2の気乾比重を1.5倍以上とすることで硬度等が増加するために塑性加工芯材NCW1及び塑性加工芯材NCW2の厚みを薄くできることから、内層合板IPW1及び内層合板IPW2による木材本来の緩衝機能を引き出すことが可能であり、外部から入る音に対する内装合板IPW1及び内層合板IPW2による木材本来の防音効果や断熱効果をも期待できる。加えて、表層塑性加工材SPWのカップ量を塑性加工芯材NCW1または塑性加工芯材NCW2で相殺することができる。   Further, the non-compressed inner layer plywood IPW1 and inner layer plywood IPW2 are softer than the plastic processing core material NCW1 and the plastic processing core material NCW2, and as described above, the air-drying of the plastic processing core material NCW1 and the plastic processing core material NCW2 by compaction processing. Since the hardness of the plastic core material NCW1 and the plastic core material NCW2 can be reduced by increasing the specific gravity by 1.5 times or more, the original buffer function of wood by the inner layer plywood IPW1 and the inner layer plywood IPW2 can be reduced. The sound insulation effect and heat insulation effect inherent to the wood by the interior plywood IPW1 and the inner layer plywood IPW2 can be expected against sound coming from the outside. In addition, the cup amount of the surface plastic working material SPW can be offset by the plastic working core material NCW1 or the plastic working core material NCW2.

[試験結果]
試験結果を図10に示す。積層材LW1乃至積層材LW4からなる製品と内層合板IPW、内層合板IPW1及び内層合板IPW2とを比較する。
まず、全体のサイズが、厚み(T)18m×幅(W)105mm×長さ(L)600mmの積層材LW1乃至積層材LW4を用いた。厚みを約3mmとしたスギ材からなる表層塑性加工材SPWは、圧密加工によりその気乾比重を約0.7としている。また、塑性加工芯材NCW、塑性加工芯材NCW1または塑性加工芯材NCW2は、厚みを約2mmとしたスギ材からなり、圧密加工によりその気乾比重を約0.5としている。内層合板IPWを約15mm、内層合板IPW1及び内層合板IPW2を各約5mmとした。
まず、最初に被試験体を60℃の環境下で24時間乾燥させ、その後、温度20℃、湿度80%の環境下で72時間吸湿させた。
[Test results]
The test results are shown in FIG. The product made of the laminated material LW1 to the laminated material LW4 is compared with the inner layer plywood IPW, the inner layer plywood IPW1, and the inner layer plywood IPW2.
First, laminated materials LW1 to LW4 having an overall size of thickness (T) 18 m × width (W) 105 mm × length (L) 600 mm were used. The surface layer plastic work material SPW made of cedar with a thickness of about 3 mm has an air-dry specific gravity of about 0.7 by consolidation. Moreover, the plastic core material NCW, the plastic core material NCW1, or the plastic core material NCW2 is made of cedar having a thickness of about 2 mm, and the air-drying specific gravity is set to about 0.5 by compaction processing. The inner layer plywood IPW was about 15 mm, and the inner layer plywood IPW1 and the inner layer plywood IPW2 were about 5 mm each.
First, the DUT was first dried for 24 hours in an environment of 60 ° C., and then absorbed for 72 hours in an environment of a temperature of 20 ° C. and a humidity of 80%.

図10(a)に示すように、スギ材を使用した実施の形態2の内層合板IPWのカップ反りが最大で、他は殆どカップ反りが無視できる程度であった。
しかし、図10(b)に示すように、内層合板IPW、内層合板IPW1及び内層合板IPW2に貼った圧密材の表層塑性加工材SPWの影響が大きく、カップ反りが発生することが確認される。ここで、実施の形態2に対応するものは、比較的カップ量が大きくなっている。即ち、実施の形態1の積層材LW1では、表層塑性加工材SPWと塑性加工芯材NCWで内層合板IPWを挟持しているから、発明者らの究明により、表層塑性加工材SPWと塑性加工芯材NCWで内層合板IPWによって内層合板IPWの吸湿性を阻止し、その結果、表層塑性加工材SPWと及び塑性加工芯材NCWのカップ量が少なくなることが確認された。
As shown in FIG. 10 (a), the cup warpage of the inner-layer plywood IPW of the second embodiment using the cedar material was the largest, and the rest was almost negligible.
However, as shown in FIG. 10 (b), it is confirmed that the influence of the surface plastic working material SPW of the consolidated material stuck on the inner layer plywood IPW, the inner layer plywood IPW1, and the inner layer plywood IPW2 is large, and the cup warp is generated. Here, the cup amount corresponding to the second embodiment is relatively large. That is, in the laminated material LW1 of the first embodiment, since the inner layer plywood IPW is sandwiched between the surface plastic working material SPW and the plastic processing core material NCW, the surface plastic working material SPW and the plastic processing core are investigated by the inventors. It was confirmed that the inner layer plywood IPW prevented the hygroscopicity of the inner layer plywood IPW in the material NCW, and as a result, the cup amount of the surface layer plastic work material SPW and the plastic work core material NCW was reduced.

したがって、実施の形態1は表層塑性加工材SPWと塑性加工芯材NCWで内層合板IPWを挟持しているから、また、実施の形態3は塑性加工芯材NCW1と塑性加工芯材NCW2で内層合板IPWを挟持しているから、実施の形態4は表層塑性加工材SPWと塑性加工芯材NCW1で内層合板IPW1を挟持しているから、何れも、内層合板IPWまたは内層合板IPW1の吸湿性を阻止し、結果、表層塑性加工材SPWと塑性加工芯材NCW、塑性加工芯材NCW1と塑性加工芯材NCW2、表層塑性加工材SPWと塑性加工芯材NCW1に湿気を誘導しなくなるから、実施の形態1の積層材LW1、実施の形態3の積層材LW3、実施の形態4の積層材LW4のカップ量が、実施の形態2の積層材LW2よりも少なくなることが確認された。
勿論、実施の形態1で表層塑性加工材SPWと塑性加工芯材NCWのカップ量が相殺され、また、実施の形態2で表層塑性加工材SPWと塑性加工芯材NCWで、実施の形態3で塑性加工芯材NCW1と塑性加工芯材NCW2で、実施の形態4は表層塑性加工材SPWと塑性加工芯材NCW1で、何れも、カップ量が相殺されるから、カップ量が抑えられていることも確認できる。
Accordingly, in the first embodiment, the inner layer plywood IPW is sandwiched between the surface layer plastic working material SPW and the plastic processing core material NCW, and in the third embodiment, the inner layer plywood is composed of the plastic processing core material NCW1 and the plastic processing core material NCW2. Since the IPW is sandwiched, in the fourth embodiment, the inner layer plywood IPW1 or the inner layer plywood IPW1 is prevented from absorbing moisture because the inner layer plywood IPW1 is sandwiched between the surface plastic working material SPW and the plastic core material NCW1. As a result, the surface plastic working material SPW and the plastic processing core material NCW, the plastic processing core material NCW1 and the plastic processing core material NCW2, and the surface plastic processing material SPW and the plastic processing core material NCW1 do not induce moisture. It is confirmed that the cup amount of the laminated material LW1 of 1, the laminated material LW3 of the third embodiment, and the laminated material LW4 of the fourth embodiment is smaller than that of the laminated material LW2 of the second embodiment. It was.
Of course, the cup amount of the surface plastic working material SPW and the plastic core material NCW is offset in the first embodiment, and the surface plastic working material SPW and the plastic core material NCW in the second embodiment are the same as in the third embodiment. The plastic processing core material NCW1 and the plastic processing core material NCW2, and the fourth embodiment is the surface plastic processing material SPW and the plastic processing core material NCW1, both of which cancel the cup amount, so that the cup amount is suppressed. Can also be confirmed.

上記各実施の形態では、内層合板IPW、内層合板IPW1を6枚または2枚の事例、即ち、偶数枚の事例で説明したが、実施の形態1で表層塑性加工材SPWと塑性加工芯材NCW、また、実施の形態3で塑性加工芯材NCW1と塑性加工芯材NCW2、実施の形態4で表層塑性加工材SPWと塑性加工芯材NCW1で挟み込む、内層合板IPWまたは内層合板IPW1は、奇数枚とすると、実施の形態1の表層塑性加工材SPWと塑性加工芯材NCW、また、実施の形態3の塑性加工芯材NCW1と塑性加工芯材NCW2、実施の形態4の表層塑性加工材SPWと塑性加工芯材NCW1が同一繊維方向となり、カップ方向が真逆の関係に配置することができる。
発明者等の実験によると、内層合板IPW、内層合板IPW1を偶数枚にしても、奇数枚にしても略同一の試験結果を得ることができた。
In each of the above embodiments, the inner layer plywood IPW and the inner layer plywood IPW1 have been described with six or two cases, that is, with an even number of cases. Also, the inner layer plywood IPW or the inner layer plywood IPW1 sandwiched between the plastic processing core material NCW1 and the plastic processing core material NCW2 in the third embodiment and the surface layer plastic processing material SPW and the plastic processing core material NCW1 in the fourth embodiment is an odd number. Then, the surface layer plastic working material SPW and the plastic processing core material NCW of the first embodiment, the plastic processing core material NCW1 and the plastic processing core material NCW2 of the third embodiment, and the surface layer plastic processing material SPW of the fourth embodiment The plastic core material NCW1 is in the same fiber direction, and the cup direction can be arranged in a reverse relationship.
According to the experiments by the inventors, even if the inner layer plywood IPW and the inner layer plywood IPW1 are even or odd, substantially the same test results can be obtained.

NW 加工前木材
WD 原木丸太
SPW 表層塑性加工材
NCW,NCW1,NCW2 塑性加工芯材
W,W1,〜,W6 単板
IPW, IPW1,IPW2 内層合板
LW1,LW2,LW3,LW4 積層材
NW Wood before processing WD Raw wood log SPW Surface layer plastic processing material NCW, NCW1, NCW2 Plastic processing core material W, W1, ..., W6 Single plate IPW, IPW1, IPW2 Inner layer plywood LW1, LW2, LW3, LW4 Laminate

Claims (5)

板の木取りによって得た木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱状態で圧縮され、圧密加工により気乾比重を2倍以上で、かつ、気乾比重を0.7以上とした表層塑性加工材と、
前記表層塑性加工材の対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交し、かつ、非圧縮の針葉樹を回転させながら切削してなる単板が少なくとも1枚以上で、対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように積層接着され、前記単板の厚みを2mm〜5mmの範囲内として前記表層塑性加工材の片面に接合された内層合板と、
板の木取りによって得た木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱状態で圧縮され、圧密加工により気乾比重を1.5倍以上で、かつ、気乾比重を0.5以上とし、前記内層合板の反表層塑性加工材側の対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように接合した1枚以上からなる塑性加工芯材と
を具備することを特徴とする積層材。
The thickness of the wood is compressed in a heated state by an external force applied in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain obtained by cutting the wood, and the air-drying specific gravity is more than doubled by compaction processing. A surface plastic working material having a dry specific gravity of 0.7 or more;
The length direction of the grain of the facing surface of the surface plastic working material is perpendicular to each other, and is at least one veneer cut by rotating an uncompressed softwood, and the length direction of the grain of the facing surface Are laminated and bonded so as to be orthogonal to each other, and an inner layer plywood bonded to one surface of the surface plastic working material with a thickness of the single plate in a range of 2 mm to 5 mm,
The thickness of the wood is compressed in a heated state by an external force applied in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain obtained by cutting the wood, and the air-drying specific gravity is 1.5 times or more by compaction processing, and And an air-drying specific gravity of 0.5 or more, and comprising a plastic core material composed of one or more sheets joined so that the length directions of the grain of the opposite surface of the inner layer plywood on the side opposite to the plastic working material are orthogonal to each other A laminated material characterized by:
板の木取りによって得た木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱状態で圧縮され、圧密加工により気乾比重を2倍以上で、かつ、気乾比重を0.7以上とした表層塑性加工材と、
板の木取りによって得た木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱状態で圧縮され、圧密加工により気乾比重を1.5倍以上で、かつ、気乾比重を0.5以上とし、前記表層塑性加工材の対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように接合した1枚以上からなる塑性加工芯材と、
前記塑性加工芯材の対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交し、かつ、非圧縮の針葉樹を回転させながら切削してなる単板が少なくとも1枚以上で、対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように積層接着され、前記単板の厚みを2mm〜5mmの範囲内として前記塑性加工芯材の片面に接合された内層合板と
を具備することを特徴とする積層材。
The thickness of the wood is compressed in a heated state by an external force applied in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain obtained by cutting the wood, and the air-drying specific gravity is more than doubled by compaction processing. A surface plastic working material having a dry specific gravity of 0.7 or more;
The thickness of the wood is compressed in a heated state by an external force applied in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain obtained by cutting the wood, and the air-drying specific gravity is 1.5 times or more by compaction processing, and An air-drying specific gravity of 0.5 or more, and a plastic core material composed of one or more sheets joined so that the length directions of the grain faces of the surface plastic working material are orthogonal to each other;
The length direction of the grain of the opposing surface of the plastic working core material is orthogonal to each other, and at least one single plate formed by cutting an uncompressed softwood while rotating, the length direction of the grain of the opposing surface Are laminated and bonded so as to be orthogonal to each other, and an inner layer plywood bonded to one side of the plastic core material with a thickness of the single plate in a range of 2 mm to 5 mm is provided.
板の木取りによって得た木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱状態で圧縮され、圧密加工により気乾比重を2倍以上で、かつ、気乾比重を0.7以上とした表層塑性加工材と、
板の木取りによって得た木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱状態で圧縮され、圧密加工により気乾比重を1.5倍以上で、かつ、気乾比重を0.5以上とし、前記表層塑性加工材の対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように接合した1枚以上からなる塑性加工芯材と、
前記塑性加工芯材の対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交し、かつ、非圧縮の針葉樹を回転させながら切削してなる単板が少なくとも1枚以上で、対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように積層接着され、前記単板の厚みを2mm〜5mmの範囲内として前記塑性加工芯材の片面に接合された内層合板と、
板の木取りによって得た木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱圧縮され、圧密加工により気乾比重を1.5倍以上で、かつ、気乾比重を0.5以上とし、前記内層合板の対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように接合した1枚以上からなる他の塑性加工芯材と
を具備することを特徴とする積層材。
The thickness of the wood is compressed in a heated state by an external force applied in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain obtained by cutting the wood, and the air-drying specific gravity is more than doubled by compaction processing. A surface plastic working material having a dry specific gravity of 0.7 or more;
The thickness of the wood is compressed in a heated state by an external force applied in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain obtained by cutting the wood, and the air-drying specific gravity is 1.5 times or more by compaction processing, and An air-drying specific gravity of 0.5 or more, and a plastic core material composed of one or more sheets joined so that the length directions of the grain faces of the surface plastic working material are orthogonal to each other;
The length direction of the grain of the facing surface of the plastic core is orthogonal to each other, and at least one veneer cut by rotating an uncompressed softwood, the length direction of the grain of the facing surface Are laminated and bonded so as to be orthogonal to each other, and an inner layer plywood bonded to one surface of the plastic core material with a thickness of the single plate within a range of 2 mm to 5 mm;
The thickness of the wood is heated and compressed by an external force applied in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain obtained by cutting the wood, and the air-drying specific gravity is 1.5 times or more by compaction processing. A laminate having a dry specific gravity of 0.5 or more, and comprising one or more other plastic processing cores joined so that the length directions of the opposite side of the inner plywood are orthogonal to each other Wood.
板の木取りによって得た木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱状態で圧縮され、圧密加工により気乾比重を2倍以上で、かつ、気乾比重を0.7以上とした表層塑性加工材と、
前記表層塑性加工芯材の対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交し、かつ、非圧縮の針葉樹を回転させながら切削してなる単板が少なくとも1枚以上で、対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように積層接着され、前記単板の厚みを2mm〜5mmの範囲内として前記表層塑性加工材の片面に接合された内側の内層合板と、
板の木取りによって得た木材の木目の長さ方向に対して垂直方向に加えた外力によって、前記木材の厚みが加熱状態で圧縮され、圧密加工により気乾比重を1.5倍以上で、かつ、気乾比重を0.5以上とし、前記内側内層合板の対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように接合した1枚以上からなる塑性加工芯材と、
前記塑性加工芯材の対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交し、かつ、非圧縮の針葉樹を回転させながら切削してなる単板が少なくとも1枚以上で、対向面の木目の長さ方向が互いに直交するように積層接着され、前記単板の厚みを2mm〜5mmの範囲内として前記表層塑性加工材の片面に接合された外側の内層合板と
を具備することを特徴とする積層材。
The thickness of the wood is compressed in a heated state by an external force applied in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain obtained by cutting the wood, and the air-drying specific gravity is more than doubled by compaction processing. A surface plastic working material having a dry specific gravity of 0.7 or more;
The length of the grain of the opposing surface of the surface plastic processing core material is orthogonal to each other, and is at least one veneer cut by rotating an uncompressed softwood and the grain length of the opposing surface An inner inner plywood laminated and bonded so that the directions are orthogonal to each other, and joined to one side of the surface plastic working material with the thickness of the single plate within a range of 2 mm to 5 mm;
The thickness of the wood is compressed in a heated state by an external force applied in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain obtained by cutting the wood, and the air-drying specific gravity is 1.5 times or more by compaction processing, and An air-drying specific gravity of 0.5 or more, and a plastic core material composed of one or more sheets joined such that the length directions of the opposite side of the inner inner layer plywood are orthogonal to each other;
The length direction of the grain of the facing surface of the plastic core is orthogonal to each other, and at least one veneer cut by rotating an uncompressed softwood, the length direction of the grain of the facing surface Are laminated and bonded so as to be orthogonal to each other, and an outer inner plywood bonded to one surface of the surface plastic working material with a thickness of the single plate in a range of 2 mm to 5 mm is provided.
前記表層塑性加工材と前記塑性加工芯材は、互いにカップ方向を異にすることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項4のいずれか1つに記載の積層材。   The laminated material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the surface plastic working material and the plastic working core material have different cup directions.
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2015045139A (en) * 2013-08-27 2015-03-12 株式会社井村木工場 Floor structure and construction method thereof
CN104608211A (en) * 2015-02-06 2015-05-13 寿光市鲁丽木业有限公司 Plywood with super-thick core layer and preparation process thereof
JP2017077673A (en) * 2015-10-20 2017-04-27 朝日ウッドテック株式会社 Conifer plywood for floor material, manufacturing method of the same, and floor material
CN111688290A (en) * 2020-06-22 2020-09-22 广西融水中杉文化科技开发有限公司 All-fir ecological blockboard and manufacturing method thereof

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003205503A (en) * 2002-01-11 2003-07-22 Mywood 2 Kk Laminate material
JP2004107905A (en) * 2002-09-13 2004-04-08 Asahi Woodtec Corp Flooring material

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003205503A (en) * 2002-01-11 2003-07-22 Mywood 2 Kk Laminate material
JP2004107905A (en) * 2002-09-13 2004-04-08 Asahi Woodtec Corp Flooring material

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2015045139A (en) * 2013-08-27 2015-03-12 株式会社井村木工場 Floor structure and construction method thereof
CN104608211A (en) * 2015-02-06 2015-05-13 寿光市鲁丽木业有限公司 Plywood with super-thick core layer and preparation process thereof
CN104608211B (en) * 2015-02-06 2016-04-06 寿光市鲁丽木业股份有限公司 A kind of glued board of sandwich layer super thick and preparation technology thereof
JP2017077673A (en) * 2015-10-20 2017-04-27 朝日ウッドテック株式会社 Conifer plywood for floor material, manufacturing method of the same, and floor material
CN111688290A (en) * 2020-06-22 2020-09-22 广西融水中杉文化科技开发有限公司 All-fir ecological blockboard and manufacturing method thereof

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