JP2015015261A - 白色発光oledのために一重項及び三重項励起子を効率的に捕獲するための物質及び構造 - Google Patents
白色発光oledのために一重項及び三重項励起子を効率的に捕獲するための物質及び構造 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
- H10K50/125—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers specially adapted for multicolour light emission, e.g. for emitting white light
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
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- B32B2457/206—Organic displays, e.g. OLED
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K2101/00—Properties of the organic materials covered by group H10K85/00
- H10K2101/10—Triplet emission
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
Description
本発明は有機発光デバイス(OLED)、より特に、電気的に発生した励起子の全ての有効な利用のために、蛍光発光体と燐光発光体との組み合わせを用いて発光するOLEDに関する。好ましい態様では、本発明は、白色発光OLED(WOLED)に関する。本発明のデバイスは、OLED構造内の単一領域又は単一界面で再結合が起こることを可能にする物質と構造とを利用する。
有機物質を用いるオプトエレクトロニクスデバイスは、多くの理由によりますます望ましいものとなってきている。そのようなデバイスを作るために用いられる多くの物質はかなり安価であり、そのため有機オプトエレクトロニクスデバイスは、無機デバイスに対して、コスト上の優位性についての潜在力をもっている。加えて、有機物質固有の特性、例えばそれらの柔軟性は、それらを柔軟な基材上への作製などの具体的用途に非常に適したものにしうる。有機オプトエレクトロニクスデバイスの例には、有機発光デバイス(OLED)、有機光トランジスタ、有機光電池、及び有機光検出器が含まれる。OLEDについては、有機物質は、従来の物質に対して性能的優位性をもちうる。例えば、有機発光層が発光する波長は、一般に、適切なドーパントで容易に調節されうる。
本発明は、電気的に発生した励起子の全てを直接利用するための、少なくとも2種の発光物質、蛍光発光物質と燐光発光物質からの組み合わされた発光を有する有機発光デバイスを提供する。蛍光発光物質と燐光発光物質は別の発光層中に存在し、蛍光層中又は蛍光層との界面において再結合が起こる。再結合を局在化することは、本発明のデバイスの蛍光及び燐光発光層を電荷輸送性ドーパント(charge-transporting dopant)でドーピングすることによって達成されうる。
蛍光有機発光デバイスは、スピン対称性保存の必要条件によって、内部量子効率(IQE)に対して約25%の上限をもっている。それに代わる燐光の発光過程は、非常に高い、ほとんど100%のIQEを示す。しかし、長寿命をもつ青色燐光ドーパントはまだ達成されておらず、このことがデバイス寿命を、したがって、赤、緑、及び青の燐光ドーパントを用いた3色白色OLED(WOLED)の用途可能性を制限している。さらに、燐光発光物質のみを有するデバイスでは、交換相互作用エネルギーが効率的に失われ、なぜなら、燐光物質が、有機システム中で、スピン反対称励起子(一重項)よりも約0.8eV低いスピン対称励起子(三重項)から発光するからである。本発明においては、これらの欠陥は、青色発光のためのより高いエネルギーの一重項励起子を利用するための蛍光ドーパントと、緑及び赤色発光のためにより低いエネルギーの三重項励起子を利用するための燐光ドーパントとを用いることによって克服されている。本発明のデバイスについては、IQEは100%の高さになりうる。
蛍光層/燐光層;
蛍光層/スペーサー/燐光層;
蛍光層/スペーサー/燐光層/燐光層;
蛍光層/燐光増感層;及び
蛍光層/スペーサー/燐光増感層。
本明細書で用いるとおり、略語は以下のように物質を表す。
CBP: 4,4’-N,N-ジカルバゾール-ビフェニル
m-MTDATA: 4,4’,4’’-トリス(3-メチルフェニルフェニルアミノ)トリフェニルアミン
Alq3: 8-トリス-ヒドロキシキノリンアルミニウム
Bphen: 4,7-ジフェニル-1,10-フェナントロリン
n-BPhen: n-ドープされたBPhen(リチウムでドープ)
F4-TCNQ: テトラフルオロ-テトラシアノ-キノジメタン
p-MTDATA: p-ドープされたm-MTDATA(F4-TCNQでドープ)
Ir(ppy)3: トリス(2-フェニルピリジン)-イリジウム(Irppy)
Ir(ppz)3: トリス(1-フェニルピラゾロト,N,C(2’)イリジウム(III)
BCP: 2,9-ジメチル-4,7-ジフェニル-1,10-フェナントロリン
TAZ: 3-フェニル-4-(1’-ナフチル)-5-フェニル-1,2,4-トリアゾール
CuPc: 銅フタロシアニン
ITO: インジウムスズオキシド
NPD: 4,4’-ビス[N-(1-ナフチル)-N-フェニル-アミノ]-ビフェニル
TPD: N,N’-ジフェニル-N,N’-ジ(3-トリル)-ベンジジン
BAlq: アルミニウム(III)ビス(2-メチル-8-ヒドロキシキノリナート)4-フェニルフェノレート
mCP: 1,3-N,N-ジカルバゾール-ベンゼン
DCM: 4-(ジシアノエチレン)-6-(4-ジメチルアミノスチリル-2-メチル)-4H-ピラン
DMQA: N,N’-ジメチルキナクリドン
PEDOT:PSS : ポリ(3,4-エチレンジオキシチオフェン)とポリスチレンスルホネート(PSS)の水性分散物
BCzVBi: 4,4’-(ビス(9-エチル-3-カルバゾビニレン)-1,1’-ビフェニル
PQIr: イリジウム(III)ビス(2-フェニルキノリル-N,C2’)アセチルアセトナート
UGH2: p-ビス(トリフェニルシリル)ベンゼン
DCJTB: 4-(ジシアノメチレン)-2-t-ブチル-6-(1,1,7,7-テトラメチルジュロリジル-9-エニル)-4H-ピラン)
BCzVBi: 4,4’-ビス(9-エチル-3-カルバゾビニレン)-1,1’-ビフェニル
有機層は熱蒸発によって10−6Torrの真空チャンバーで堆積させうる。アノード電極は約1200Åのインジウムスズオキシド(ITO)であってよい。1mm径のシャドーマスクを用いてLiF/Alカソード径を画定できる。カソードは、10ÅのLiFと続く1000ÅのAlからなることができる。デバイスは、作製直後に窒素グローブボックス中(<1ppmのH2O及びO2)にてエポキシ樹脂でシールしたガラス蓋で封入し、吸湿剤をそのパッケージ内部に組み込むことができる。デバイスは、通常、環境条件下、暗所で、Hewlett-Packard 4156C半導体パラメータ分析機とNewport Model 2932-Cデュアルチャネル電力計を使用して試験を行う。
Claims (21)
- カソード、発光領域、及びアノードを含み、
前記発光領域が、ホスト物質中に蛍光発光ドーパントと電荷輸送性ドーパントとを含む蛍光層と、ホスト物質中に燐光発光ドーパントと電荷輸送性ドーパントとを含む燐光層とを含む、有機発光デバイス。 - 前記電荷輸送性ドーパントが正孔輸送性ドーパントである、請求項1に記載の有機発光デバイス。
- 前記正孔輸送性ドーパントのHOMO準位が、前記蛍光発光ドーパントのHOMO準位及び前記燐光発光ドーパントのHOMO準位よりも高い、請求項2に記載の有機発光デバイス。
- 前記正孔輸送性ドーパントの三重項エネルギーが前記ホスト物質の三重項エネルギーよりも高い、請求項3に記載の有機発光デバイス。
- 前記電荷輸送性ドーパントが電子輸送性ドーパントである、請求項1に記載の有機発光デバイス。
- 前記電子輸送性ドーパントのLUMO準位が、前記蛍光発光ドーパントのLUMO準位及び前記燐光発光ドーパントのLUMO準位よりも低い、請求項5に記載の有機発光デバイス。
- 前記電子輸送性ドーパントの三重項エネルギーが前記ホスト物質の三重項エネルギーよりも高い、請求項6に記載の有機発光デバイス。
- 前記蛍光層と前記燐光層との間にスペーサー層を含み、前記スペーサー層がホスト物質中に電荷輸送性ドーパントを含む、請求項1に記載の有機発光デバイス。
- 前記発光領域が、前記蛍光層、前記スペーサー層、及び前記燐光層のみからなる、請求項8に記載の有機発光デバイス。
- 前記蛍光層のためのホスト物質、前記燐光層のためのホスト物質、及び前記スペーサー層が同じ物質を含んでなる、請求項9に記載の有機発光デバイス。
- 前記蛍光層のためのホスト物質、前記燐光層のためのホスト物質、及び前記スペーサー層がCBPを含んでなる、請求項10に記載の有機発光デバイス。
- 前記蛍光層のための正孔輸送性ドーパント、前記燐光層のための正孔輸送性ドーパント、及び前記スペーサー層のための正孔輸送性ドーパントが同じ物質を含んでなる、請求項2に記載の有機発光デバイス。
- 前記蛍光発光ドーパントが青色発光蛍光物質である、請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 励起子の約75%より多くが前記蛍光層内で生じる、請求項1に記載の有機発光デバイス。
- カソード、発光領域、及びアノードを含み、
前記発光領域が、正孔輸送性ホスト物質中にドーパントとして蛍光発光物質を含む蛍光層と、正孔輸送性ホスト物質中にドーパントとして燐光発光物質を含む燐光層とを含む、有機発光デバイス。 - 前記蛍光層と前記燐光層との間にスペーサー層を含み、前記スペーサー層が正孔輸送性ホスト物質を含む、請求項16に記載の有機発光デバイス。
- 前記発光領域が、前記蛍光層、前記スペーサー層、及び前記燐光層のみからなる、請求項17に記載の有機発光デバイス。
- 前記蛍光層のための正孔輸送性ホスト物質、前記燐光層のための正孔輸送性ホスト物質、及び前記スペーサー層のための正孔輸送性ホスト物質が同じ物質を含んでなる、請求項18に記載の有機発光デバイス。
- 前記蛍光発光物質が青色発光蛍光物質である、請求項16に記載のデバイス。
- 励起子の約75%より多くが前記蛍光層内で生じる、請求項16に記載の有機発光デバイス。
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EP2076928B1 (en) | 2017-02-22 |
CN101584057A (zh) | 2009-11-18 |
US20080102310A1 (en) | 2008-05-01 |
WO2008054578A1 (en) | 2008-05-08 |
KR101490303B1 (ko) | 2015-02-06 |
JP2010507922A (ja) | 2010-03-11 |
TW200826332A (en) | 2008-06-16 |
TWI497789B (zh) | 2015-08-21 |
EP2076928A1 (en) | 2009-07-08 |
US8945722B2 (en) | 2015-02-03 |
KR20090082200A (ko) | 2009-07-29 |
CN101584057B (zh) | 2012-04-11 |
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