JP2011117486A - Equipment and method of vaporizing liquefied gas - Google Patents

Equipment and method of vaporizing liquefied gas Download PDF

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JP2011117486A
JP2011117486A JP2009273285A JP2009273285A JP2011117486A JP 2011117486 A JP2011117486 A JP 2011117486A JP 2009273285 A JP2009273285 A JP 2009273285A JP 2009273285 A JP2009273285 A JP 2009273285A JP 2011117486 A JP2011117486 A JP 2011117486A
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seawater
temperature
liquefied gas
equipment
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Hiroyuki Sato
大幸 佐藤
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IHI Corp
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IHI Corp
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<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce operational costs by effectively using generated heat, and to reduce environmental loads. <P>SOLUTION: Equipment of vaporizing liquefied gas includes a vaporizer 2 vaporizing liquefied gas by using seawater, cooling equipment 4 cooling equipment 5 to be cooled by using a prescribed refrigerant, and a heat exchanger 6 for raising a temperature of discharged sea water raising the temperature of the discharged seawater discharged from the vaporizer 2 by using the refrigerant. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、液化ガス気化設備及び方法とに関する。   The present invention relates to a liquefied gas vaporization facility and method.

液化天然ガス（以下、ＬＮＧと略記する。）、液化エチレンガス（以下、ＬＥＧと略記する。）、液化石油ガス（以下、ＬＰＧと略記する。）などの液化ガスは、ガス産出地で液化された後、船などで運搬されて受け入れ基地で低温で貯蔵される。受け入れ基地には、貯蔵された低温液化ガスを気化する気化設備があり、気化したガスを工場や発電所等の所定の需要箇所に燃料ガスとして供給する。液化ガスを気化する気化器としては、熱源として海水を利用するオープンラック式気化器（以下、ＯＲＶと略記する。）が知られている。
下記特許文献１には、内部にＬＮＧを流通させる伝熱管を配列してパネルとし、このパネルに沿って海水を流下させてＬＮＧを気化するＯＲＶにおいて、海水によるパネルの腐食を防止する目的で、犠牲陽極を備えたものの構成が開示されている。 Liquefied gases such as liquefied natural gas (hereinafter abbreviated as LNG), liquefied ethylene gas (hereinafter abbreviated as LEG), and liquefied petroleum gas (hereinafter abbreviated as LPG) are liquefied at the gas production site. After that, it is transported by ship and stored at a low temperature at the receiving base. The receiving base has a vaporization facility for vaporizing the stored low-temperature liquefied gas, and supplies the vaporized gas as a fuel gas to a predetermined demand point such as a factory or a power plant. As a vaporizer that vaporizes liquefied gas, an open rack type vaporizer (hereinafter abbreviated as ORV) using seawater as a heat source is known.
In Patent Document 1 below, in order to prevent corrosion of the panel due to seawater in the ORV that arranges heat transfer tubes through which LNG is circulated into a panel and makes seawater flow down along this panel to vaporize LNG, An arrangement with a sacrificial anode is disclosed.

受け入れ基地の貯蔵タンクで貯蔵されている低温液化ガスは、外部入熱により一部が気化し、ボイルオフガス（以下、ＢＯＧと略記する。）となる。貯蔵タンク内の圧力を一定に保持するため、ＢＯＧは貯蔵タンクから排出された後、圧縮、昇圧されて、製品ガスに導入される。ＢＯＧの圧縮、昇圧の際に使用されるＢＯＧ圧縮機は、稼動時に熱を発生する発熱機器であるので、循環冷却水を使用した水冷式の冷却機器、例えば空調機器等が付設されており、発熱機器とその周辺機器の過熱を防いでいる。
下記特許文献２には、このような工業設備の水冷式空調設備で使用される循環式の冷却用水中の菌類および藻類の発生を抑制する水処理方法と共に、冷却用水の循環系統が開示されている。この冷却用水の循環系統は、冷却塔と、空調機に付属した熱交換器と、これらを接続する配管とから概略構成される。この循環系統では、冷却用水は空調機に付属した熱交換器において温められて高温となった後に、冷却塔で冷却されて低温の冷却用水とされた後、熱交換器へ供給されて、再び空調機の冷却に使用される。 A part of the low-temperature liquefied gas stored in the storage tank of the receiving base is vaporized by external heat input and becomes boil-off gas (hereinafter abbreviated as BOG). In order to keep the pressure in the storage tank constant, the BOG is discharged from the storage tank, then compressed and pressurized, and introduced into the product gas. The BOG compressor used for the compression and boosting of the BOG is a heat generating device that generates heat during operation. Therefore, a water-cooled cooling device using circulating cooling water, such as an air-conditioning device, is attached. It prevents overheating of the heat generating equipment and its peripheral equipment.
Patent Document 2 below discloses a cooling water circulation system together with a water treatment method for suppressing the generation of fungi and algae in circulating cooling water used in such water-cooled air conditioning equipment of industrial equipment. Yes. This cooling water circulation system is generally composed of a cooling tower, a heat exchanger attached to the air conditioner, and piping connecting them. In this circulation system, the cooling water is heated in the heat exchanger attached to the air conditioner and becomes high temperature, then cooled in the cooling tower to be cooled to low temperature, and then supplied to the heat exchanger, and again. Used for cooling air conditioners.

特開平９−１７８３９１号公報JP-A-9-178391 特開２００８−２４６４７１号公報JP 2008-246471 A

ところで、ＯＲＶにおいて熱源として使用された後に排出される海水の温度低下は、取水時に比べて５〜８℃程度であるので、従来、この低温海水はそのまま海に放出されてきた。しかしながら、排出される低温海水は大量であり、その総熱量は多量となるので、この冷熱の有効利用法が模索されていた。加えて、低温海水の放出箇所付近での海水温の低下を考慮すれば、海水温に近い温度で放水し、環境への負荷を小さくすることが望まれる。
これに対して、上記特許文献１に開示された従来のＯＲＶでは、低温海水の有効利用ついての記載はなく、増しては環境負荷の低減については何等提示されていない。 By the way, since the temperature drop of the seawater discharged after being used as a heat source in the ORV is about 5 to 8 ° C. compared to the time of water intake, conventionally, this low-temperature seawater has been directly released into the sea. However, since the amount of low-temperature seawater discharged is large and the total amount of heat is large, an effective method for utilizing this cold energy has been sought. In addition, considering the drop in seawater temperature in the vicinity of the location where the low temperature seawater is released, it is desired to discharge water at a temperature close to the seawater temperature and reduce the burden on the environment.
On the other hand, in the conventional ORV disclosed in Patent Document 1, there is no description about effective use of low-temperature seawater, and no further reduction in environmental load is presented.

一方、特許文献２に開示されているように、工業設備で使用される冷却機器の冷却用水は冷却塔で空冷されるのが一般的であるが、ＢＯＧの圧縮では多量の熱が発生し、冷却用水の空冷だけでは充分な冷却効果が得られず、電力等の外部エネルギーの導入が必要となり、その運転費が高くなるという問題があった。   On the other hand, as disclosed in Patent Document 2, cooling water for cooling equipment used in industrial facilities is generally air-cooled in a cooling tower, but a large amount of heat is generated in compression of BOG, There is a problem that sufficient cooling effect cannot be obtained only by cooling water for cooling water, and it is necessary to introduce external energy such as electric power, which increases the operating cost.

本発明は、上述した事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、以下の点を目的とするものである。
（１）液化ガスの気化に際して環境負荷を従来よりも低下させる。
（２）気化設備内で発生する熱を有効利用して消費エネルギーを低減させる。 The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and has the following objects.
(1) When vaporizing liquefied gas, the environmental load is reduced as compared with the prior art.
(2) Reduce energy consumption by effectively using heat generated in the vaporization facility.

上記目的を達成するために、本発明では、液化ガス気化設備に係る第１の解決手段として、液化ガスを海水を用いて気化させる気化器と、被冷却機器を冷媒を用いて冷却する冷却設備と、気化器から排出される排海水を冷媒を用いて昇温させる排海水昇温用熱交換器とを具備する、という手段を採用する。   In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, as a first solving means related to a liquefied gas vaporization facility, a vaporizer that vaporizes the liquefied gas using seawater, and a cooling facility that cools a device to be cooled using a refrigerant And a heat exchanger for raising the temperature of the wastewater discharged from the vaporizer using a refrigerant.

液化ガス気化設備に係る第２の解決手段として、上記第１の解決手段において、排海水昇温用熱交換器は、排海水の流れに対して並列状態かつ冷媒の流れに対して直列状態に複数設けられる、という手段を採用する。   As a second solving means relating to the liquefied gas vaporization facility, in the first solving means, the waste water rising temperature heat exchanger is in a parallel state with respect to the flow of the waste sea water and in a serial state with respect to the flow of the refrigerant. A means of providing a plurality is employed.

液化ガス気化設備に係る第３の解決手段として、上記第１の解決手段において、排海水昇温用熱交換器は、排海水の流れ及び冷媒の流れに対して直列状態に複数設けられる、という手段を採用する。   As a third solution means relating to the liquefied gas vaporization facility, in the first solution means, a plurality of waste water temperature rising heat exchangers are provided in series with respect to the flow of waste sea water and the flow of refrigerant. Adopt means.

液化ガス気化設備に係る第４の解決手段として、上記第１または第２の解決手段において、被冷却機器は、ボイルオフガスを液化するＢＯＧ圧縮機である、という手段を採用する。   As a fourth solving means related to the liquefied gas vaporization facility, a means is adopted in which the device to be cooled is a BOG compressor that liquefies boil-off gas in the first or second solving means.

また、本発明では、液化ガス気化方法に係る解決手段として、液化ガスを海水を用いて気化させる気化器から排出される排海水を、被冷却機器を冷却するための冷媒を用いて昇温させる、という手段を採用する。   Further, in the present invention, as a means for solving the liquefied gas vaporization method, the temperature of the discharged seawater discharged from the vaporizer that vaporizes the liquefied gas using seawater is raised using a refrigerant for cooling the equipment to be cooled. , Is adopted.

本発明によれば、液化ガス気化方法に係る解決手段として、液化ガスを海水を用いて気化させる気化器から排出される排海水を、被冷却機器を冷却するための冷媒を用いて昇温させるので、排海水による環境負荷を低減させることができる。
また、本発明によれば、排海水が昇温されると共に冷媒が冷却されるので、冷却設備の動力を節約することが可能であり、よって消費エネルギーを減らして運転費を低減することができる。 According to the present invention, as means for solving the liquefied gas vaporization method, the temperature of the seawater discharged from the vaporizer that vaporizes the liquefied gas using seawater is raised using the refrigerant for cooling the cooled equipment. Therefore, the environmental load by wastewater can be reduced.
In addition, according to the present invention, the temperature of the wastewater is raised and the refrigerant is cooled, so that it is possible to save the power of the cooling facility, and thus it is possible to reduce the energy consumption and the operating cost. .

本発明の第１実施形態に係るＬＮＧ気化設備Ａ1のシステム構成図である。It is a system configuration figure of LNG vaporization equipment A1 concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の第２実施形態に係るＬＮＧ気化設備Ａ2のシステム構成図である。It is a system configuration figure of LNG vaporization equipment A2 concerning a 2nd embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の第３実施形態に係るＬＮＧ気化設備Ａ3のシステム構成図である。It is a system configuration figure of LNG vaporization equipment A3 concerning a 3rd embodiment of the present invention.

以下、図面を参照して、本発明の実施形態について説明する。
〔第１実施形態〕
第１実施形態に係るＬＮＧ気化設備Ａ1（液化ガス気化設備）は、図１に示すように、ＬＮＧタンク１、ＯＲＶ２、取水ポンプ３、循環冷却設備４、被冷却機器５、排海水昇温用熱交換器６及びこれら各設備を相互接続する配管７〜１０から構成されている。このＬＮＧ気化設備Ａ1は、液化ガスの一種であるＬＮＧ（低温液化ガス）を気化させる設備であり、液化ガス気化設備の一形態である。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[First Embodiment]
As shown in FIG. 1, the LNG vaporization equipment A1 (liquefied gas vaporization equipment) which concerns on 1st Embodiment is the LNG tank 1, ORV2, the intake pump 3, the circulating cooling equipment 4, the to-be-cooled equipment 5, and wastewater seawater temperature rising. It is comprised from the heat exchanger 6 and the piping 7-10 which interconnects these each equipment. The LNG vaporization facility A1 is a facility for vaporizing LNG (low temperature liquefied gas), which is a kind of liquefied gas, and is one form of the liquefied gas vaporization facility.

ＬＮＧタンク１は、ＬＮＧ船から陸揚げされたＬＮＧを貯留する低温タンクである。ＯＲＶ２は、取水ポンプ４が汲み上げら海水を利用してＬＮＧタンク１から払い出されたＬＮＧを気化させる気化器である。このＯＲＶ２は、約―１６０℃の極低温液体であるＬＮＧと海水（０〜２０℃程度の液体）との熱交換によってＬＮＧを気化させて天然ガスとする。このようなＬＮＧタンク１とＯＲＶ２とは、ＬＮＧをＬＮＧタンク１からＯＲＶ２に供給するための配管７（払出し配管）によって接続されている。また、ＯＲＶ２の出力端には配管８（送出配管）が接続されており、上記天然ガスは配管８を介して外部の需要設備に供給される。   The LNG tank 1 is a low-temperature tank that stores LNG landed from an LNG ship. The ORV 2 is a vaporizer that vaporizes LNG discharged from the LNG tank 1 using seawater pumped by the intake pump 4. This ORV2 vaporizes LNG by heat exchange between LNG, which is a cryogenic liquid of about −160 ° C., and seawater (liquid of about 0 to 20 ° C.) to produce natural gas. Such an LNG tank 1 and the ORV 2 are connected by a pipe 7 (dispensing pipe) for supplying LNG from the LNG tank 1 to the ORV 2. Further, a pipe 8 (delivery pipe) is connected to the output end of the ORV 2, and the natural gas is supplied to an external demand facility through the pipe 8.

取水ポンプ３は、海岸の海水を汲み上げるポンプである。この取水ポンプ３の吐出口と上記ＯＲＶ２の海水受入口との間は配管９（海水供給配管）によって接続されており、取水ポンプ３が汲み上げた海水は、供給海水として配管９を介してＯＲＶ２に供給される。循環冷却設備４は、被冷却機器５を冷却するための設備であり、冷却塔４ａ、循環ポンプ４ｂ、第１熱交換器４ｃ、第１循環配管４ｄ及び第２循環配管４ｅから構成されている。   The intake pump 3 is a pump that pumps up seawater on the coast. The discharge port of the intake pump 3 and the seawater receiving port of the ORV 2 are connected by a pipe 9 (seawater supply pipe). Seawater pumped by the intake pump 3 is supplied to the ORV 2 through the pipe 9 as supply seawater. Supplied. The circulation cooling facility 4 is a facility for cooling the cooled device 5 and is composed of a cooling tower 4a, a circulation pump 4b, a first heat exchanger 4c, a first circulation pipe 4d, and a second circulation pipe 4e. .

冷却塔４ａは、水を空気と熱交換することにより冷却し間接冷却水（冷媒）として貯留する設備である。循環ポンプ４ｂは、冷却塔４ａの下部から間接冷却水を払い出して第１循環配管４ｄ内を循環させるポンプである。第１熱交換器４ｃは、循環ポンプ４ｂの出口側（循環方向の下流側）に設けられており、第１循環配管４ｄ内を循環する間接冷却水と第２循環配管４ｅ内を循環する直接冷却水とを熱交換させるものである。   The cooling tower 4a is equipment that cools water by exchanging heat with air and stores it as indirect cooling water (refrigerant). The circulation pump 4b is a pump that discharges indirect cooling water from the lower part of the cooling tower 4a and circulates the inside of the first circulation pipe 4d. The first heat exchanger 4c is provided on the outlet side (downstream side in the circulation direction) of the circulation pump 4b and directly circulates in the indirect cooling water circulating in the first circulation pipe 4d and in the second circulation pipe 4e. Heat exchange with cooling water is performed.

被冷却機器５は、本ＬＮＧ気化設備において冷却を必要とする発熱機器であり、例えばＬＮＧタンク１で発生したボイルオフガス（ＢＯＧガス）を圧縮して液化させるＢＯＧ圧縮機である。この被冷却機器５は、自らに接続された第２循環配管４ｅ内を流れる直接冷却水によって冷却される。第１循環配管４ｄは、一端が冷却塔４ａの下部に、また他端が冷却塔４ａの上部に接続された配管であり、循環ポンプ４ｂによって冷却塔４ａから汲み出された間接冷却水が流通する。第２循環配管４ｅは、両端が被冷却機器５に接続された配管であり、被冷却機器５を直接冷却するための直接冷却水が流通する。   The device to be cooled 5 is a heat generating device that needs to be cooled in the LNG vaporization facility, and is, for example, a BOG compressor that compresses and liquefies boil-off gas (BOG gas) generated in the LNG tank 1. The cooled device 5 is cooled by direct cooling water flowing in the second circulation pipe 4e connected to itself. The first circulation pipe 4d is a pipe having one end connected to the lower part of the cooling tower 4a and the other end connected to the upper part of the cooling tower 4a. Indirect cooling water pumped from the cooling tower 4a by the circulation pump 4b circulates. To do. The second circulation pipe 4 e is a pipe having both ends connected to the cooled device 5, and direct cooling water for directly cooling the cooled device 5 circulates therethrough.

排海水昇温用熱交換器６は、上記第１熱交換器４ｃの下流側に設けられており、第１循環配管４ｄ内を循環する間接冷却水とＯＲＶ２から排出され配管１０（海水戻り配管）を介して供給される海水とを熱交換させるものである。この排海水昇温用熱交換器６は、本ＬＮＧ気化設備Ａ1における最も特徴的な構成要素である。   The heat exchanger 6 for raising the temperature of the discharged seawater is provided on the downstream side of the first heat exchanger 4c, and is discharged from the indirect cooling water circulating in the first circulation pipe 4d and the ORV 2 and the pipe 10 (seawater return pipe). ) Through which heat is exchanged with seawater supplied. This heat exchanger 6 for raising the temperature of waste seawater is the most characteristic component in the LNG vaporization facility A1.

すなわち、本ＬＮＧ気化設備Ａ1では、ＯＲＶ２でＬＮＧの気化に供された後の海水（排海水）を海に排水する配管１０（海水戻り配管）と冷却塔４ａの間接冷却水（冷媒）を循環させる第１循環配管４ｄとを排海水昇温用熱交換器６で間接接続し、当該排海水昇温用熱交換器６で排海水を冷却塔４ａの間接冷却水と熱交換させて昇温する。   That is, in this LNG vaporization equipment A1, the piping 10 (seawater return piping) which drains the seawater (drained seawater) which has been subjected to LNG vaporization by the ORV2 and the indirect cooling water (refrigerant) of the cooling tower 4a are circulated. The first circulation pipe 4d to be connected is indirectly connected by the heat exchanger 6 for raising the temperature of the discharged seawater, and the temperature of the discharged seawater is increased by exchanging heat with the indirect cooling water of the cooling tower 4a. To do.

次に、本ＬＮＧ気化設備Ａ1におけるＬＮＧの気化方法について説明する。
まず、配管７（払出し配管）を介してＬＮＧタンク１からＯＲＶ２に供給されたＬＮＧは、配管９（海水供給配管）を介して取水ポンプ３から供給された海水との間接接触によって気化して天然ガスとなる。ＬＮＧは−１６０℃程度の極低温液体であるのに対して、熱源となる海水は、地域および気候による変動があるものの凡そ０〜２０℃であるので、ＬＮＧは、海水との間接接触によって気化熱を得て速やかに気化する。これに対して、海水は、ＬＮＧに気化熱を奪われることにより、取水時に比べて、夏場で１０℃前後、冬場で３〜５℃、平均して５〜８℃程度に冷却された状態の排海水としてＯＲＶ２から排出され、配管１０（海水戻り配管）を介して海に排水される。 Next, a method for vaporizing LNG in the LNG vaporization facility A1 will be described.
First, the LNG supplied from the LNG tank 1 to the ORV 2 through the pipe 7 (dispensing pipe) is vaporized by indirect contact with the seawater supplied from the intake pump 3 through the pipe 9 (seawater supply pipe). It becomes gas. LNG is a cryogenic liquid of about -160 ° C, while seawater as a heat source is about 0-20 ° C although it varies depending on the region and the climate. LNG is vaporized by indirect contact with seawater. Vaporizes quickly with heat. On the other hand, seawater is cooled to about 10 ° C in the summer, 3 to 5 ° C in the winter, and about 5 to 8 ° C on average compared to the time of water intake due to the loss of heat of vaporization by the LNG. The discharged seawater is discharged from the ORV 2 and drained into the sea through the pipe 10 (seawater return pipe).

ここで、上記排海水は、そのまま海に排水されるのではなく、排海水昇温用熱交換器６で冷却塔４ａの間接冷却水と熱交換されることによって昇温される。すなわち、排海水昇温用熱交換器６は、第１循環配管４ｄにおいて第１熱交換器４ｃの下流側に設けられているので、排海水昇温用熱交換器６に流入する間接冷却水は、被冷却機器５の排熱によって加温されており、排海水よりも温度が高い。したがって、排海水は、排海水昇温用熱交換器６における間接冷却水との熱交換によって供給海水と同程度の温度まで昇温されて海に排水される。   Here, the above-mentioned waste seawater is not drained into the sea as it is, but is heated by exchanging heat with the indirect cooling water of the cooling tower 4a in the heat exchanger 6 for raising seawater temperature. That is, since the waste water rising temperature heat exchanger 6 is provided downstream of the first heat exchanger 4c in the first circulation pipe 4d, the indirect cooling water flowing into the waste water rising temperature heat exchanger 6 is provided. Is heated by the exhaust heat of the device 5 to be cooled, and the temperature is higher than the waste seawater. Therefore, the wastewater is heated to the same temperature as the supplied seawater by heat exchange with the indirect cooling water in the heat exchanger 6 for raising the temperature of the wastewater, and drained into the sea.

このような本実施形態によれば、排海水による海水温度の低下は殆どなく、排海水の環境への負荷は非常に小さなものとなる。また、排海水によって排海水昇温用熱交換器６から冷却塔４ａに戻る間接冷却水が冷却されるので、冷却塔４ａにおける動力を節約することが可能であり、よってＬＮＧ気化設備Ａ1の消費エネルギーを低減することができる。   According to such this embodiment, there is almost no fall of seawater temperature by wastewater, and the load to the environment of wastewater becomes very small. In addition, since the indirect cooling water returning from the waste water heating temperature heat exchanger 6 to the cooling tower 4a is cooled by the waste sea water, it is possible to save power in the cooling tower 4a, and thus consumption of the LNG vaporization equipment A1. Energy can be reduced.

さらに、排海水の流量は、冷却塔４ａの間接冷却水の流量に比較して大幅に大きいので、場合によっては冷却塔４ａに代わって排海水昇温用熱交換器６のみで被冷却機器５の排熱によって加温された間接冷却水を十分な温度まで温度低下させることが可能である。この場合には冷却塔４ａを省略することができるので設備コストを低減することができる。   Furthermore, since the flow rate of the wastewater is significantly larger than the flow rate of the indirect cooling water in the cooling tower 4a, in some cases, only the heat exchanger 6 for raising the wastewater temperature is used instead of the cooling tower 4a, and the cooled equipment 5 It is possible to reduce the temperature of the indirect cooling water heated by the exhaust heat to a sufficient temperature. In this case, since the cooling tower 4a can be omitted, the equipment cost can be reduced.

〔第２実施形態〕
次に、第２実施形態に係るＬＮＧ気化設備Ａ2について説明する。本液化ガス気化設備Ａ2の第１実施形態に係る液化ガス気化設備Ａ1との相違点は、図２に示すように、１個の排海水昇温用熱交換器６に代えて３個の排海水昇温用熱交換器６ａ〜６ｃを備える点である。これら排海水昇温用熱交換器６ａ〜６ｃ以外の構成要素は、第１実施形態に係る液化ガス気化設備Ａ1と全く同様である。 [Second Embodiment]
Next, LNG vaporization equipment A2 concerning a 2nd embodiment is explained. The difference between the present liquefied gas vaporization facility A2 and the liquefied gas vaporization facility A1 according to the first embodiment is that, as shown in FIG. It is a point provided with the heat exchangers 6a-6c for seawater temperature rising. The components other than the heat exchangers 6a to 6c for raising the temperature of the discharged seawater are the same as those of the liquefied gas vaporization facility A1 according to the first embodiment.

３個の排海水昇温用熱交換器６ａ〜６ｃは、図示するように配管９（つまり排海水の流れ）に対して並列状態に設けられているものの、第１循環配管４ｄ（つまり間接冷却水の流れ）に対しては直列状態に設けられている。したがって、ＯＲＶ２から排海水昇温用熱交換器６ａ〜６ｃに各々供給された排海水は、各々に冷却塔４ａの間接冷却水によって昇温される。
このような本実施形態によれば、配管１０（海水戻り配管）に対して並列接続された３個の排海水昇温用熱交換器６ａ〜６ｃを備えるので、第１実施形態よりも流量が多い排海水を効果的に昇温させることができると共に、冷却塔４ａの間接冷却水を効果的に冷却することができる。 Although the three heat exchangers 6a to 6c for raising the seawater temperature are provided in parallel with the pipe 9 (that is, the flow of the wastewater) as shown in the drawing, the first circulation pipe 4d (that is, indirect cooling). The water flow is provided in series. Therefore, the temperature of the wastewater supplied from the ORV 2 to the heat exchangers 6a to 6c for raising the temperature of the wastewater is raised by the indirect cooling water of the cooling tower 4a.
According to such this embodiment, since the three heat exchangers 6a to 6c for raising seawater temperature are connected in parallel to the pipe 10 (seawater return pipe), the flow rate is higher than that of the first embodiment. It is possible to effectively raise the temperature of a large amount of waste seawater and to cool the indirect cooling water of the cooling tower 4a effectively.

〔第３実施形態〕
次に、第３実施形態に係るＬＮＧ気化設備Ａ3について説明する。本液化ガス気化設備Ａ3の第１実施形態に係る液化ガス気化設備Ａ1との相違点は、図３に示すように、配管１０（つまり排海水の流れ）及び第１循環配管４ｄ（つまり間接冷却水の流れ）に対して直列状態に設けられた３個の排海水昇温用熱交換器６ｄ〜６ｆを備える点である。これら排海水昇温用熱交換器６ｄ〜６ｆ以外の構成要素は、第１実施形態に係る液化ガス気化設備Ａ1と全く同様である。 [Third Embodiment]
Next, LNG vaporization equipment A3 concerning a 3rd embodiment is explained. The difference between the liquefied gas vaporization facility A3 and the liquefied gas vaporization facility A1 according to the first embodiment is that, as shown in FIG. 3, the piping 10 (that is, the flow of waste seawater) and the first circulation piping 4d (that is, indirect cooling). It is a point provided with the three heat exchangers 6d-6f for temperature raising of wastewater seawater provided in series with respect to the flow of water. Constituent elements other than these waste water temperature raising heat exchangers 6d to 6f are the same as those of the liquefied gas vaporization facility A1 according to the first embodiment.

本液化ガス気化設備Ａ3では、排海水は排海水昇温用熱交換器６ｄ→排海水昇温用熱交換器６ｅ→排海水昇温用熱交換器６ｆの順で３回熱交換を受け、冷却塔４ａの間接冷却水によって３回加温される。したがって、本液化ガス気化設備によれば、排海水の温度を第１実施形態（１回の熱交換）よりも上昇させることができる。一方、冷却塔４ａの間接冷却水も３回熱交換を受けて排海水によって３回冷却されるので、第１実施形態（１回の熱交換）よりも低温に冷却される。   In this liquefied gas vaporization facility A3, the wastewater is subjected to heat exchange three times in the order of the wastewater warming heat exchanger 6d → the wastewater warming heat exchanger 6e → the wastewater warming heat exchanger 6f. Heating is performed three times by the indirect cooling water of the cooling tower 4a. Therefore, according to this liquefied gas vaporization equipment, the temperature of wastewater can be raised rather than 1st Embodiment (one heat exchange). On the other hand, since the indirect cooling water of the cooling tower 4a is also subjected to heat exchange three times and cooled three times by the discharged seawater, it is cooled to a lower temperature than in the first embodiment (one heat exchange).

なお、本発明は、上記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、例えば以下のような変形例が考えられる。
（１）上記各実施形態は、液化ガスとしてＬＮＧを気化させる設備に関するものであるが、本発明は、ＬＥＧ、ＬＰＧ等の他の液化ガスにも適用可能である。また、気化器もＯＲＶに限定されるものではなく、他の方式の気化器にも適用可能である。
（２）上記各実施形態では、排海水昇温用熱交換器６、６ａ〜６ｆを第１循環配管４ｄにおいて第１熱交換器４ｃの下流側に設けたが、必要に応じて排海水昇温用熱交換器６、６ａ〜６ｆと第１熱交換器４ｃとの位置関係を入れ替えても良い。 In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, For example, the following modifications can be considered.
(1) Although each said embodiment is related to the installation which vaporizes LNG as liquefied gas, this invention is applicable also to other liquefied gases, such as LEG and LPG. Further, the vaporizer is not limited to the ORV, and can be applied to other types of vaporizers.
(2) In each of the above embodiments, the heat exchangers 6 and 6a to 6f for raising the temperature of the discharged seawater are provided on the downstream side of the first heat exchanger 4c in the first circulation pipe 4d. You may replace the positional relationship of the heat exchangers 6 and 6a-6f for temperature, and the 1st heat exchanger 4c.

Ａ1〜Ａ3…液化ガス気化設備（液化ガス気化設備）、１…ＬＮＧタンク、２…ＯＲＶ（気化器）、３…取水ポンプ、４…循環冷却設備、４ａ…冷却塔、４ｂ…循環ポンプ、４ｃ…第１熱交換器、４ｄ…第１循環配管、４ｅ…第２循環配管、５…被冷却機器、６、６ａ〜６ｆ…排海水昇温用熱交換器、７〜１０…配管   A1 to A3 ... liquefied gas vaporization equipment (liquefied gas vaporization equipment), 1 ... LNG tank, 2 ... ORV (vaporizer), 3 ... intake pump, 4 ... circulating cooling equipment, 4a ... cooling tower, 4b ... circulating pump, 4c ... 1st heat exchanger, 4d ... 1st circulation piping, 4e ... 2nd circulation piping, 5 ... Cooled equipment, 6, 6a-6f ... Heat exchanger for raising wastewater sea temperature, 7-10 ... Piping

Claims (5)

液化ガスを海水を用いて気化させる気化器と、
被冷却機器を冷媒を用いて冷却する冷却設備と、
前記気化器から排出される排海水を前記冷媒を用いて昇温させる排海水昇温用熱交換器と
を具備することを特徴とする液化ガス気化設備。 A vaporizer that vaporizes liquefied gas using seawater;
A cooling facility for cooling the device to be cooled using a refrigerant;
A liquefied gas vaporization facility comprising: a heat exchanger for raising the temperature of wastewater discharged from the vaporizer using the refrigerant. 前記排海水昇温用熱交換器は、排海水の流れに対して並列状態かつ冷媒の流れに対して直列状態に複数設けられることを特徴とする請求項１記載の液化ガス気化設備。   2. The liquefied gas vaporization facility according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the heat exchangers for raising the temperature of the wastewater is provided in parallel with the flow of the wastewater and in series with the flow of the refrigerant. 前記排海水昇温用熱交換器は、排海水の流れ及び冷媒の流れに対して直列状態に複数設けられることを特徴とする請求項１または請求項２記載の液化ガス気化設備。   3. The liquefied gas vaporization facility according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the heat exchangers for raising the temperature of the discharged seawater are provided in series with respect to the flow of the discharged seawater and the flow of the refrigerant. 被冷却機器は、ボイルオフガスを液化するＢＯＧ圧縮機であることを特徴とする請求項１または請求項２記載の液化ガス気化設備。   The liquefied gas vaporization equipment according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the device to be cooled is a BOG compressor that liquefies boil-off gas. 液化ガスを海水を用いて気化させる気化器から排出される排海水を、被冷却機器を冷却するための冷媒を用いて昇温させることを特徴とする液化ガス気化方法。   A method for vaporizing a liquefied gas, comprising raising the temperature of waste seawater discharged from a vaporizer that vaporizes liquefied gas using seawater using a refrigerant for cooling an apparatus to be cooled.
JP2009273285A 2009-12-01 2009-12-01 Equipment and method of vaporizing liquefied gas Pending JP2011117486A (en)

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