JP2005519729A - 非熱放電プラズマによる化学プロセッシング - Google Patents
非熱放電プラズマによる化学プロセッシング Download PDFInfo
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- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/342—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents with the aid of electrical means, electromagnetic or mechanical vibrations, or particle radiations
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- B01J2219/0805—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges
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- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/0803—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy
- B01J2219/0805—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges
- B01J2219/0807—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges involving electrodes
- B01J2219/0824—Details relating to the shape of the electrodes
- B01J2219/0826—Details relating to the shape of the electrodes essentially linear
- B01J2219/0828—Wires
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
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- B01J2219/0805—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges
- B01J2219/0807—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges involving electrodes
- B01J2219/0824—Details relating to the shape of the electrodes
- B01J2219/0826—Details relating to the shape of the electrodes essentially linear
- B01J2219/083—Details relating to the shape of the electrodes essentially linear cylindrical
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- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
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- B01J2219/0873—Materials to be treated
- B01J2219/0875—Gas
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- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/0873—Materials to be treated
- B01J2219/0892—Materials to be treated involving catalytically active material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/0894—Processes carried out in the presence of a plasma
- B01J2219/0896—Cold plasma
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- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
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- C01B2203/0283—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a CO-shift step, i.e. a water gas shift step
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- C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
- C01B2203/0805—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0861—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas by plasma
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Abstract
【解決手段】 NT−CDP/SDPユニットは、二層の誘電体層(8、9)間に設けられた第一電極を含み、第一電極及び誘電体層は少なくとも一個の貫通孔(例えばキャピラリーやスロット)を有する。この貫通孔に誘電体スリーブ(3)が挿入されていると共に、少なくとも一個の第二電極(2)(例えば、ピンやリング、金属ワイヤ、テーパ付金属ブレード等の形状のもの)が、組み合わされた貫通孔と流体連通関係にあるように設けられる。第一電極と第二電極との間に電圧差が与えられると、貫通孔から非熱プラズマ放電が放射される。すると、処理対象の化学原料が非熱プラズマにさらされる。このプロセッシングは、次の例示的化学反応、即ち、(i)官能基が導入された有機化合物を生成するための炭化水素原料の部分酸化、(ii)ポリマー繊維(例えば、炭素繊維製造におけるPAN繊維前駆物質)の化学的安定化、(iii)改質に適した原料を生成するための長鎖石油炭化水素の予備改質、(iv)一酸化炭素と水素ガスを生成するための化学的還元雰囲気(例えば、アンモニアや尿素)中での天然ガスの改質、(v)プラズマ強化水性ガス転化に適している。
Description
本願は2000年12月15日出願の米国特許出願第09/738923号の一部継続出願である。また、本願は2001年8月2日出願の米国特許仮出願第60/309530号、及び2002年2月19日出願の同第60/358340号の利益の享受を請求するものであり、これらの出願の記載の全てを本明細書の一部を構成するものとしてここに援用する。
本発明は、プラズマを利用する化学プロセッシングに関する。特に、特定の化学種の活性化を、従来の放電技法(例えば、アークやグライディングアーク、誘電体バリア放電(DBD)、コロナ)を使用した場合に比べより均一に行うことにより、高収率且つ高エネルギー効率の化学変換を達成するための、非熱キャピラリー放電プラズマ(NT−CDP)や非熱スロット放電プラズマ(NT−SDP)(これらを合わせて「NT−CDP/SDP」と称する)の使用に関する。従来の放電技法では、空間的にも時間的にも不均質なフィラメント状の放電が創出される傾向があるが、これとは異なり、NT−CDP/SDP装置では空間非効率性を最小限に留めつつ広範囲に亘って安定なプラズマが発生され、従来と同じ処理を確実に行うことができる。また、NT−CDP/SDP装置は、特定の律速化学反応を選択的に開始させるように特定的に調節することができるため、所望の生成物を得る方向に反応を容易に進ませることができる。このような特定の方法で系にエネルギーを与えることにより、通常は高温及び高圧下でのみ可能である化学反応を大気条件下で起こすことが可能となる。調節は、パワー、反応物の組成や濃度、キャリアガスの組成や流量、温度、圧力、及び/又は反応器の幾何形状を変えることにより行なう。
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Claims (16)
- 非熱放電ユニットを用いて化学反応を活性化する方法であって、該ユニットは、二層の誘電体層の間に設けられた第一の電極を含み、第一の電極及び誘電体層は少なくとも一個の貫通孔を有し、少なくとも一個の第二の電極が、組み合わされる貫通孔と流体連通関係にあるように設けられており、該方法は、
第一の電極と第二の電極との間に電圧差を与えることにより貫通孔から非熱プラズマ放電を発生させる工程と、
貫通孔から放射された非熱プラズマに化学原料をさらす工程と
を含む方法。 - 貫通孔がキャピラリーであり、ユニットは、キャピラリーに挿入された誘電体スリーブを更に備えている、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 貫通孔が、第一の電極及び誘電体層を貫通して半径方向外方に向かって設けられている、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 第二の電極が金属のピン又はリングである、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 貫通孔がスロットである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 貫通孔が、長手方向に、螺旋方向に、又は長手方向軸に対して実質的に垂直な方向に配置されている、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 第二の電極が、金属ワイヤ又はテーパ付金属ブレードである、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 第二の電極を電源に接続する電圧母線を更に含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 電圧母線がワイヤメッシュ又は金属シースの一方である、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 化学反応が、官能基が導入された有機化合物を生成するための炭化水素原料の部分酸化である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 化学反応が、ポリマー繊維の化学的安定化である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- ポリマー繊維が、炭素繊維製造に用いられるポリアクリロニトリル前駆物質である、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 化学反応が、改質に適した原料を生成するための長鎖石油炭化水素の予備改質である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 化学反応が、一酸化炭素と水素ガスとを生成するための化学的還元性雰囲気における天然ガスの改質である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 化学的還元性雰囲気がアンモニア又は尿素である、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 化学反応がプラズマ強化水性ガス転化である、請求項1に記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US30953001P | 2001-08-02 | 2001-08-02 | |
US35834002P | 2002-02-19 | 2002-02-19 | |
PCT/US2002/024477 WO2003040027A1 (en) | 2001-08-02 | 2002-08-02 | Chemical processing using non-thermal discharge plasma |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2005519729A true JP2005519729A (ja) | 2005-07-07 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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JP2003542081A Pending JP2005519729A (ja) | 2001-08-02 | 2002-08-02 | 非熱放電プラズマによる化学プロセッシング |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1472179A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2005519729A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20040029388A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1310827C (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2456202A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2003040027A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006104006A (ja) * | 2004-10-04 | 2006-04-20 | Hino Motors Ltd | 燃料改質器 |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA2516499A1 (en) * | 2005-08-19 | 2007-02-19 | Atlantic Hydrogen Inc. | Decomposition of natural gas or methane using cold arc discharge |
JP4724537B2 (ja) * | 2005-11-16 | 2011-07-13 | キヤノン株式会社 | 露光装置 |
JP2013518100A (ja) * | 2010-01-29 | 2013-05-20 | イーブイオーエナジー,エルエルシー | ガス液化燃料転換用のプラズマリアクタ |
KR101236210B1 (ko) * | 2010-11-21 | 2013-02-22 | 위순임 | 탄소섬유 가공장치 |
DE102012201942B8 (de) | 2012-02-09 | 2015-02-26 | Ewe-Forschungszentrum Für Energietechnologie E. V. | Verwendung eines aktivierten kohlenstoffhaltigen Materials, Verfahren zur Herstellung einer kohlenstoffhaltigen Elektrode, kohlestoffhaltige Elektrode, deren Verwendung sowie Vanadium-Redox-Flow-Zelle |
CN104831519A (zh) * | 2015-05-21 | 2015-08-12 | 嘉兴市产品质量检验检测院 | 一种连续处理纱线材料的等离子体*** |
CN106973481A (zh) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-07-21 | 浙江理工大学 | 一种用于管状材料表面连续改性的常压等离子体*** |
CN109962209A (zh) * | 2017-12-22 | 2019-07-02 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十八研究所 | 一种高效氧催化活性碳纤维电极的制备方法 |
CN113923846B (zh) * | 2021-10-29 | 2024-02-23 | 河北大学 | 利用射流阵列产生一维等离子体光子晶体的装置及方法 |
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US5695619A (en) * | 1995-05-25 | 1997-12-09 | Hughes Aircraft | Gaseous pollutant destruction method using self-resonant corona discharge |
US6159432A (en) * | 1997-01-23 | 2000-12-12 | The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Oklahoma | Conversion method for gas streams containing hydrocarbons |
WO1999011572A1 (en) * | 1997-09-01 | 1999-03-11 | Laxarco Holding Limited | Electrically assisted partial oxidation of light hydrocarbons by oxygen |
US6309610B1 (en) * | 1998-05-27 | 2001-10-30 | Science Applications International Corporation | Non-thermal plasma apparatus utilizing dielectrically-coated electrodes for treating effluent gas |
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EP1151183A4 (en) * | 1999-01-21 | 2004-08-11 | Litex Inc | COMBINED PLASMA REACTOR CATALYST SYSTEMS FOR EFFICIENT EXHAUST GAS CONTROL IN DIFFERENT WORKING CONDITIONS |
GB9901413D0 (en) * | 1999-01-23 | 1999-03-10 | Aea Technology Plc | Reactor for plasma assisted gas processing |
GB9911728D0 (en) * | 1999-05-21 | 1999-07-21 | Aea Technology Plc | Dielectric barrier gas reactors with non-axial flow |
US20020092616A1 (en) * | 1999-06-23 | 2002-07-18 | Seong I. Kim | Apparatus for plasma treatment using capillary electrode discharge plasma shower |
EP1074535A1 (en) * | 1999-08-05 | 2001-02-07 | Abb Research Ltd. | Process for the synthesis of hydrocarbons |
GB9924999D0 (en) * | 1999-10-22 | 1999-12-22 | Aea Technology Plc | Reactor for the plasma treatment of gases |
JP3645768B2 (ja) * | 1999-12-07 | 2005-05-11 | シャープ株式会社 | プラズマプロセス装置 |
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- 2002-08-02 JP JP2003542081A patent/JP2005519729A/ja active Pending
- 2002-08-02 WO PCT/US2002/024477 patent/WO2003040027A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-08-02 CN CNB028181026A patent/CN1310827C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-08-02 CA CA002456202A patent/CA2456202A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-08-02 EP EP02802757A patent/EP1472179A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-08-02 KR KR10-2004-7001530A patent/KR20040029388A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006104006A (ja) * | 2004-10-04 | 2006-04-20 | Hino Motors Ltd | 燃料改質器 |
JP4703157B2 (ja) * | 2004-10-04 | 2011-06-15 | 日野自動車株式会社 | 燃料改質器 |
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EP1472179A2 (en) | 2004-11-03 |
WO2003040027A9 (en) | 2004-03-04 |
EP1472179A4 (en) | 2006-05-17 |
CA2456202A1 (en) | 2003-05-15 |
KR20040029388A (ko) | 2004-04-06 |
CN1555340A (zh) | 2004-12-15 |
WO2003040027A1 (en) | 2003-05-15 |
CN1310827C (zh) | 2007-04-18 |
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