JP2005325607A - Pile head treating method of cast-in-place concrete pile - Google Patents
Pile head treating method of cast-in-place concrete pile Download PDFInfo
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この発明は、場所打ちコンクリート杭の杭頭部に発生する不良コンクリート部分を静的に無騒音、無振動に近い状態で除去処理する杭頭処理工法の技術分野に属する。 The present invention belongs to a technical field of a pile head treatment method in which a defective concrete portion generated at a pile head of a cast-in-place concrete pile is statically removed without noise and vibration.
場所打ちコンクリート杭の構築においては、杭頭部に、杭孔掘削時の不純物が混じったり安定液に晒されて劣化した不良コンクリート部分が発生する。そこで通例は、杭頭部を杭の有効部よりも不良コンクリート部分の長さ分だけ高く打ち上げ（余盛り）、コンクリートの硬化後に前記不良コンクリート部分を除去することが行われている。
上記不良コンクリート部分の除去方法として、古くはブレーカー等で斫り取る方法が一般的に実施されてきた。しかし、この作業には大きな振動と騒音を伴い、環境を損なう公害問題を発生するほか、市街地では作業時間を制限される等々の問題点を抱えている。
その他、コンクリート打設直後の未だ硬化しない段階で、不良コンクリート部分をバキューム吸引装置で吸引し除去する方法も実施される。しかし、吸引装置の設置場所が場所打ちコンクリート杭の不良コンクリート部分の位置よりもはるかに高いと、物理的に吸引除去ができないという欠陥があるほか、吸引した不良コンクリートの処理費用などが嵩み、施工単価が高いという問題点も指摘されている。
In the construction of cast-in-place concrete piles, the pile head is mixed with impurities during excavation of the pile hole or exposed to a stable liquid, resulting in deteriorated defective concrete parts. Therefore, usually, the pile head is raised (excess) by the length of the defective concrete portion higher than the effective portion of the pile, and the defective concrete portion is removed after the concrete is hardened.
As a method for removing the defective concrete portion, a method of scraping with a breaker or the like has been generally used in the past. However, this work involves a lot of vibration and noise, and causes problems such as pollution that impairs the environment, and the work time is limited in urban areas.
In addition, a method of sucking and removing a defective concrete portion with a vacuum suction device at a stage where the concrete has not yet hardened immediately after placing the concrete is also carried out. However, if the installation location of the suction device is much higher than the position of the defective concrete part of the cast-in-place concrete pile, there is a defect that it cannot be physically removed by suction, and the processing cost of the sucked defective concrete is increased, The problem of high construction unit cost has also been pointed out.
一方、下記の特許文献１ほかに、不良コンクリート部分（余盛りコンクリート）を固めないように遅延剤を混入して処理する杭頭余盛りコンクリート処理機が開示されている。固めないコンクリートは、例えば杭孔に接して掘った横穴へ横流しをして除去する。しかし、この方法も、杭頭部が地盤面に近い高さである場合にのみ施工可能であり、施工条件の制約が厳しい。
下記の特許文献２その他多数に、杭孔へ打設したコンクリートが未だ硬化しない段階で、不良コンクリート部分へ混和剤やアルミ粉等の破壊剤、又は発泡剤を水に溶かした懸濁液、或いはベントナイト溶液に粘調性高分子化合物を混合した溶液などのいわゆる強度劣化剤を注入、攪拌してコンクリート強度を低下させ、杭頭処理を容易にする方法が開示されている。しかし、使用する強度劣化剤が高価である上に、予定した薬効が確実に得られず、杭頭処理に難渋する場合が多々あり、確実性に欠ける。
On the other hand, in addition to the following patent document 1, a pile head surplus concrete processing machine is disclosed that mixes and processes a retarder so as not to harden a defective concrete portion (extra concrete). The concrete which is not hardened is removed by, for example, flowing into a side hole dug in contact with the pile hole. However, this method can also be constructed only when the pile head is close to the ground surface, and the construction conditions are severely restricted.
In the following Patent Document 2 and many others, in the stage where the concrete placed in the pile hole has not yet hardened, a suspension in which a destructive agent such as an admixture or aluminum powder or a foaming agent is dissolved in water, or a defective concrete part, A method is disclosed in which a so-called strength degrading agent such as a solution obtained by mixing a viscous polymer compound in a bentonite solution is injected and stirred to reduce the concrete strength and facilitate the pile head treatment. However, the strength deterioration agent to be used is expensive, and the planned medicinal effect cannot be obtained with certainty, and there are many cases where it is difficult to treat the pile head, and the certainty is lacking.
特許文献３には、コンクリート切削用のビットを取り付けたアースドリル状の杭頭処理装置で、不良コンクリート部分のうち杭主筋の内側部分のコンクリートを切削除去する方法が開示されている。しかし、切削時の振動、騒音の発生を避けられないし、杭主筋の外側部分に残存するコンクリートを解砕し除去する作業を別途行わなければならないので、必ずしも作業効率が高いとはいえない。
特許文献４には、杭孔へ打設したコンクリートが未だ硬化しない段階で、杭主筋の内側部分の不良コンクリート部分へ、環状枠の内側へ薄板による格子を縦に形成した治具を沈めてコンクリートの硬化状況を見極め、一定時間の経過後に前記治具を引き上げて不良コンクリート部分へ格子形の切れ目を形成する方法が開示されている。しかし、前記切れ目は完全に切れたままではなく、不完全に復旧するので、せいぜい不良コンクリートの斫り作業を少し容易にする程度の効果しか期待できない。
Patent Document 3 discloses a method of cutting and removing concrete in an inner portion of a pile main bar among defective concrete portions with an earth drill-like pile head processing apparatus attached with a bit for cutting concrete. However, the generation of vibration and noise during cutting cannot be avoided, and the work of crushing and removing the concrete remaining on the outer side of the pile main reinforcement must be performed separately, so the work efficiency is not necessarily high.
In Patent Document 4, when the concrete placed in the pile hole is not yet cured, the concrete is formed by sinking a jig in which a thin lattice is vertically formed inside the annular frame to the defective concrete portion inside the pile main bar. Is disclosed, and a method of forming a grid-like cut in a defective concrete part by lifting the jig after a certain time has elapsed is disclosed. However, since the cut is not completely cut and is restored incompletely, it can be expected that only the effect of slightly facilitating the work of scraping the defective concrete at most.
特許文献５には、杭主筋にコンクリートとの接触を断つ発泡ウレタン等の縁切り材を取り付け、同杭主筋の内側部へはコンクリートの打設前、又は打設後の未だコンクリートが硬化しない段階で、膨脹発現時間が異なる２種の静的膨脹破砕剤を取り付けた捨て治具を設置し、硬化した不良コンクリート部分を前記２種の静的膨脹破砕剤の膨脹作用により破砕する方法が開示されている。しかし、２種の静的膨脹破砕剤の膨脹作用によって、硬化した不良コンクリート部分の破砕が確実に行われるかは大いに疑問視される。
特許文献６には、杭孔へ打設したコンクリートが未だ硬化しない段階で、杭主筋の内側の不良コンクリート部分へ杭頭処理治具を押し込んで、杭の設計天端高さ位置にカット板を水平に設置し、コンクリートが硬化した後に、地盤を掘削して杭頭部分が露出した段階で、杭体の前記カット板の外周位置に切削溝を形成し、更に孔を開け、この孔に破砕工具を挿入し打撃を加えて前記カット板の位置でコンクリートを割裂させ、不良コンクリート部分を吊り上げて除去する方法が開示されている。しかし、カット板の設置や切削溝の形成、孔開け、並びに破砕工具を挿入し打撃を加えて前記カット板の位置で割裂させるまで、多くの手数と工具等の使用を必要とする。その割にカット板の位置でコンクリートを確実に割裂させることができるかに不安定要素が多くある。また、破砕工具に打撃を加えて割裂させるまでの間に騒音と振動の発生を避けられないという多くの問題点がある。
In Patent Document 5, an edge cutting material such as urethane foam that cuts contact with concrete is attached to the pile main reinforcement, and the concrete inside the pile main reinforcement is not yet hardened before or after the concrete is placed. A method for disposing hardened defective concrete parts by the expansion action of the two types of static expansion crushing agents by disposing a jig for attaching two types of static expansion crushing agents having different expansion onset times is disclosed. Yes. However, it is highly questionable whether the hardened defective concrete part can be reliably crushed by the expansion action of the two static expansion crushing agents.
In Patent Document 6, when the concrete placed in the pile hole is not yet cured, the pile head processing jig is pushed into the defective concrete portion inside the pile main reinforcement, and the cut plate is placed at the design top edge height position of the pile. Installed horizontally, and after the concrete has hardened, when the ground is excavated and the head of the pile is exposed, a cutting groove is formed in the outer peripheral position of the cut plate of the pile body, further holes are drilled, and the holes are crushed A method is disclosed in which a tool is inserted and hammered to split concrete at the position of the cut plate, and a defective concrete portion is lifted and removed. However, it takes a lot of work and the use of tools, etc., until the cutting plate is installed, the cutting groove is formed, the hole is drilled, and the crushing tool is inserted and hammered to split at the position of the cutting plate. On the other hand, there are many unstable factors in how concrete can be reliably split at the position of the cut plate. There are also many problems that noise and vibration are unavoidable before the crushing tool is hit and split.
その他、特許文献７には、コンクリート構造物の外周にワイヤーソーにより切断溝を形成し、この切断溝の内部に金属製袋体を挿入し、前記金属製袋体をポンプと接続し、ポンプの運転により前記金属製袋体へ高圧水を送り込んで膨脹させ、その膨脹力によりコンクリート構造物の割裂を進行させる切断方法が開示されている。 In addition, in Patent Document 7, a cutting groove is formed on the outer periphery of a concrete structure with a wire saw, a metal bag body is inserted into the cutting groove, the metal bag body is connected to a pump, A cutting method is disclosed in which high-pressure water is fed into the metal bag body during operation to expand the metal bag body, and the splitting of the concrete structure proceeds by the expansion force.
本発明の目的は、従来技術が抱える上述したような諸問題点を解決すること、具体的には振動や騒音の発生をなくし、施工条件の制約をなくし、施工費用を安価にし、施工の手間と時間の節減並びに工期の短縮を図ることができ、施工の確実性を期待できる場所打ちコンクリート杭の杭頭処理工法を提供することである。
本発明の次の目的は、上記の特許文献７に見られる流体圧ジャッキの静的破壊力に着目して、これを薄板形状に構成した杭頭処理材を効果的に用いる場所打ちコンクリート杭の杭頭処理工法を提供することである。
The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, specifically, eliminate the occurrence of vibration and noise, eliminate the restrictions on the construction conditions, reduce the construction cost, and the labor of construction. It is to provide a pile head treatment method for cast-in-place concrete piles that can save time and shorten the construction period and can be expected to be reliable.
The next object of the present invention is to pay attention to the static destructive force of the fluid pressure jack found in the above-mentioned Patent Document 7, and to make a cast-in-place concrete pile that effectively uses a pile head treatment material configured in a thin plate shape. It is to provide a pile head processing method.
上述した従来技術の課題を解決するための手段として、請求項１に記載した発明に係る場所打ちコンクリート杭の杭頭処理工法は、
杭鉄筋１の上部の不良コンクリート領域の下限相当部位に、薄板形状の流体圧ジャッキとして構成された杭頭処理材２を略水平に設置し、前記杭頭処理材２より上方に立ち上がる杭鉄筋１の外周にコンクリート６と縁切りする養生材３を取り付ける段階と、
前記杭鉄筋１を杭孔４の中へ建て込み、同杭孔４中へコンクリート６を打設する段階と、
打設コンクリート６が硬化した後に、杭頭部の少なくとも前記杭頭処理材２が露出するまで地盤１１の掘削を行う段階と、
前記薄板形状の流体圧ジャッキとして構成された杭頭処理材２の入り口バルブ２ａに流体ポンプ８の配管８ａを接続し、前記ポンプ８を運転して高圧流体を杭頭処理材２へ送り込み、同杭頭処理材２を膨脹させることによって杭頭部のコンクリートに亀裂を生じさせ、不良コンクリート部分６”を破砕し除去する段階とから成ることを特徴とする。
As means for solving the above-described problems of the prior art, a pile head processing method for a cast-in-place concrete pile according to the invention described in claim 1 is:
A pile head treatment material 2 configured as a thin plate-shaped fluid pressure jack is installed substantially horizontally in a portion corresponding to the lower limit of the defective concrete area above the pile reinforcement 1, and the pile reinforcement 1 that rises above the pile head treatment material 2. Attaching the curing material 3 for cutting off the concrete 6 to the outer periphery of
Building the pile rebar 1 into the pile hole 4 and placing concrete 6 into the pile hole 4;
After the casting concrete 6 has hardened, excavating the ground 11 until at least the pile head treatment material 2 of the pile head is exposed;
The pipe 8a of the fluid pump 8 is connected to the inlet valve 2a of the pile head treatment material 2 configured as the thin plate-shaped fluid pressure jack, and the pump 8 is operated to feed high-pressure fluid to the pile head treatment material 2. The pile head treatment material 2 is expanded to cause a crack in the concrete of the pile head, and the defective concrete portion 6 ″ is crushed and removed.
請求項２に記載した発明は、請求項１に記載した場所打ちコンクリート杭の杭頭処理工法において、
薄板形状の流体圧ジャッキとして構成された杭頭処理材２は、杭鉄筋１の各主筋１ａを通す孔２ｂ又は２４を貫通させたリング形状部材として構成していることを特徴とする。
The invention described in claim 2 is the pile head processing method of the cast-in-place concrete pile described in claim 1,
The pile head processing material 2 configured as a thin plate-shaped fluid pressure jack is configured as a ring-shaped member having a hole 2b or 24 through which each main reinforcing bar 1a of the pile rebar 1 passes.
請求項３に記載した発明は、請求項１に記載した場所打ちコンクリート杭の杭頭処理工法において、
薄板形状の流体圧ジャッキとして構成された杭頭処理材２は、杭鉄筋１の各主筋１ａを通す孔２ｂ又は２４を貫通させたリング形状部材として構成すると共に、更にその内側部位に少なくとも一つのリング形状部材２５を同心円状に配置した多重リング形状に構成していることを特徴とする。
The invention described in claim 3 is the pile head processing method of the cast-in-place concrete pile described in claim 1,
The pile head processing material 2 configured as a thin plate-shaped fluid pressure jack is configured as a ring-shaped member that penetrates the holes 2b or 24 through which the main reinforcing bars 1a of the pile rebar 1 pass, and at least one inner portion thereof The ring-shaped member 25 is configured in a multiple ring shape that is concentrically arranged.
請求項４に記載した発明は、請求項１に記載した場所打ちコンクリート杭の杭頭処理工法において、
薄板形状の流体圧ジャッキとして構成された杭頭処理材２は、杭鉄筋１の各主筋１ａを通す孔２ｂ又は２４を貫通させたリング形状部材として構成し、更に前記リング形状の面内に放射状配置に複数の直線状処理部材２３を併設していることを特徴とする。
Invention of Claim 4 is the pile head processing method of the cast-in-place concrete pile described in Claim 1,
The pile head treatment material 2 configured as a thin plate-shaped fluid pressure jack is configured as a ring-shaped member that penetrates the hole 2b or 24 through which each main reinforcing bar 1a of the pile rebar 1 passes, and is further radial in the ring-shaped surface. A plurality of linear processing members 23 are provided in the arrangement.
請求項５に記載した発明は、請求項１〜４のいずれか一に記載した場所打ちコンクリート杭の杭頭処理工法において、
杭頭処理材２は、杭鉄筋１上部の不良コンクリート領域の下限相当部位、及びそれより上方の部位に複数段略水平に設置していることを特徴とする。
The invention described in claim 5 is a pile head processing method for a cast-in-place concrete pile according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The pile head treatment material 2 is characterized in that it is installed in a plurality of steps substantially horizontally in a portion corresponding to the lower limit of the defective concrete region above the pile rebar 1 and a portion above it.
請求項６に記載した発明は、請求項１〜４のいずれか一に記載した場所打ちコンクリート杭の杭頭処理工法において、
杭頭処理材として、杭鉄筋１に略水平なリング形状部材２を設置するとともに、リング形状部材２より上方に立ち上がる直線状処理部材２６を複数設置していることを特徴とする。
The invention described in claim 6 is a pile head processing method for a cast-in-place concrete pile according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
As the pile head treatment material, a substantially horizontal ring-shaped member 2 is installed on the pile rebar 1, and a plurality of linear processing members 26 rising above the ring-shaped member 2 are installed.
本発明に係る場所打ちコンクリート杭の杭頭処理工法は、施工の準備段階として、杭鉄筋１を杭孔４へ建て込む前に、地上作業として、杭鉄筋上部の不良コンクリート領域の下限相当部位に、薄板形状の流体圧ジャッキとして構成された杭頭処理材２を略水平に設置し、更に前記杭頭処理材より上方に立ち上がる杭鉄筋１の外周にコンクリートと縁切りする養生材３を取り付けるだけであり、後は前記杭鉄筋１を杭孔４の中へ建て込み、コンクリート６を打設するだけで良く、簡単に効率よく作業を進められる。
打設コンクリート６が硬化した後、杭頭部の少なくとも前記杭頭処理材２が露出する深さまで地盤１１の掘削を行い、露出した前記流体圧ジャッキとして構成された杭頭処理材２の入り口バルブ２ａに流体ポンプ８の配管８ａを接続し、前記ポンプ８を運転して高圧流体を杭頭処理材２へ送り込み、同杭頭処理材２を膨脹させる静的破壊力によって杭頭部のコンクリートに亀裂を生じさせ、不良コンクリート部分６”を破砕し除去するから、騒音や振動の発生は皆無に等しい。また、物理的に確実な破壊処理の効果が得られる。勿論、場所打ちコンクリート杭の不良コンクリート部分６”の位置が、施工場所の高さ位置とどのような関係にあるか等の施工条件に左右されることも全くない。
The pile head treatment method for cast-in-place concrete piles according to the present invention is a ground preparation work before the pile rebar 1 is built into the pile hole 4 as a preparation stage of construction. The pile head treatment material 2 configured as a thin plate-shaped fluid pressure jack is installed almost horizontally, and the curing material 3 that cuts off the concrete is simply attached to the outer periphery of the pile rebar 1 rising above the pile head treatment material. After that, it is only necessary to build the pile rebar 1 into the pile hole 4 and to cast the concrete 6, and the work can be easily and efficiently carried out.
After the cast concrete 6 is hardened, the ground 11 is excavated to a depth at which the pile head treatment material 2 is exposed at least at the pile head, and the inlet valve of the pile head treatment material 2 configured as the exposed hydraulic pressure jack. The pipe 8a of the fluid pump 8 is connected to 2a, the pump 8 is operated, high pressure fluid is sent to the pile head treatment material 2, and the pile head treatment material 2 is inflated to the pile head concrete by static destructive force. Since cracks are generated and the defective concrete portion 6 "is crushed and removed, no noise or vibration is generated. In addition, a physically reliable destruction effect is obtained. Of course, cast-in-place concrete piles are defective. The position of the concrete portion 6 ″ is not affected by construction conditions such as how the height of the construction site is related.
不良コンクリート領域の下限相当部位より上方の不良コンクリート６”に、薄板形状の流体圧ジャッキとして構成された杭頭処理材２（及び２６、２７）で確実に亀裂を生じさせ、不良コンクリート部分６”を破砕することが可能である。破砕したコンクリートは吊り上げる等して速やかに除去することができ、工期の短縮化を図ることもできる。
また、本発明の工法に使用される消耗材は、極端に言えば杭頭処理材２より上方に立ち上がる杭鉄筋１の外周にコンクリートと縁切りするため取り付けた養生材３だけであるから、安価な費用で実施することができる。
The defective concrete 6 "above the lower limit equivalent part of the defective concrete area is reliably cracked by the pile head treatment material 2 (and 26, 27) configured as a thin plate-shaped fluid pressure jack, and the defective concrete portion 6" Can be crushed. The crushed concrete can be quickly removed by lifting it up, etc., and the construction period can be shortened.
Moreover, since the consumable material used for the construction method of this invention is only the curing material 3 attached in order to cut off with concrete on the outer periphery of the pile rebar 1 which stands up above the pile head processing material 2 in an extreme case, it is inexpensive. Can be implemented at cost.
杭鉄筋１の上部の不良コンクリート領域の下限相当部位に、薄板形状の流体圧ジャッキとして構成された杭頭処理材２を略水平に設置し、前記杭頭処理材２より上方に立ち上がる杭鉄筋１の外周にコンクリートと縁切りする養生材３を取り付け、この杭鉄筋１を杭孔４の中へ建て込み、コンクリート６を打設する。
打設コンクリート６が硬化した後に、杭頭部の少なくとも前記杭頭処理材２が露出するまで地盤１１の掘削を行い、前記薄板形状の流体圧ジャッキとして構成された杭頭処理材２の入り口バルブ２ａに流体ポンプ８の配管８ａを接続し、前記ポンプ８を運転して高圧流体を杭頭処理材２へ送り込み、同杭頭処理材２を膨脹させることによって杭頭部のコンクリートに亀裂を生じさせ、不良コンクリート部分６”を破砕し除去する。
A pile head treatment material 2 configured as a thin plate-shaped fluid pressure jack is installed substantially horizontally in a portion corresponding to the lower limit of the defective concrete area above the pile reinforcement 1, and the pile reinforcement 1 that rises above the pile head treatment material 2. A curing material 3 for cutting the edge with concrete is attached to the outer periphery of the steel, and this pile rebar 1 is built into a pile hole 4 and concrete 6 is placed.
After the cast concrete 6 has hardened, the ground 11 is excavated until at least the pile head treatment material 2 of the pile head is exposed, and the inlet valve of the pile head treatment material 2 configured as the thin plate-shaped fluid pressure jack. The pipe 8a of the fluid pump 8 is connected to 2a, and the pump 8 is operated to feed the high-pressure fluid to the pile head treatment material 2, and the pile head treatment material 2 is expanded to cause cracks in the pile head concrete. Crush and remove the defective concrete part 6 ″.
先ず図１は、地上作業として、横置きされた杭用鉄筋篭１（以下、単に杭鉄筋という場合がある。）の上部の不良コンクリート領域の下限相当部位に、薄板形状の流体圧ジャッキとして構成された杭頭処理材２を杭孔中で略水平となる姿勢に設置する。更に前記杭頭処理材２より上方に立ち上がる杭主筋１ａの外周に、コンクリートと縁切りする養生材３を取り付ける作業の段階を示している。養生材３としてはプラスチックチューブが好適に使用される。
前記薄板形状の流体圧ジャッキとして構成された杭頭処理材２は、例えば図２Ａ、Ｂに原理図を示したように、上下に重ね合わせた２枚の鉄板の周辺部を溶接して密閉された袋構造に構成したもので、入り口バルブ２ａを通じて水、その他の高圧流体を注入すると２枚の鉄板が変形して膨脹し、前記流体圧力が破壊力Ｆとしてコンクリートに作用する構成である。破壊力Ｆは、水圧と鉄板の面積との積に比例して大きな値となる。
First, FIG. 1 is configured as a fluid pressure jack in the form of a thin plate at a lower equivalent part of a defective concrete region above a horizontally placed pile reinforcing bar 1 (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as a pile reinforcing bar) as a ground work. The made pile head processing material 2 is installed in the attitude | position which becomes substantially horizontal in a pile hole. Furthermore, the stage of the operation | work which attaches the hardening material 3 cut | disconnected with concrete to the outer periphery of the pile main reinforcement 1a which stands up from the said pile head processing material 2 is shown. A plastic tube is preferably used as the curing material 3.
The pile head treatment material 2 configured as a thin plate-shaped fluid pressure jack is hermetically sealed by welding the peripheral portions of two steel plates stacked one above the other as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, for example. In this configuration, when water or other high-pressure fluid is injected through the inlet valve 2a, the two iron plates are deformed and expanded, and the fluid pressure acts on the concrete as the destructive force F. The breaking force F takes a large value in proportion to the product of the water pressure and the area of the iron plate.
上記薄板形状の流体圧ジャッキとして構成された杭頭処理材２はまた、図３に例示したように、杭鉄筋１の各主筋１ａ…を通す孔２ｂ…を同一ピッチに同数貫通させたリング形状部材として構成し使用される。このリング形状部材２の外径は、杭孔４の孔径とほぼ等しくして孔内壁にほぼ内接する形状、大きさとする。リング形状部材２の平面形状は、図示した円形の限りではなく、杭孔４の平面形状と同形・同大とする。リング形状部材２の内径は、小さいほど杭頭部のコンクリートに亀裂を生じさせて除去する作業に好ましいが、コンクリートの打設作業等の便宜、特にトレミー管の挿入等の便宜を考慮して適宜決定する。 As shown in FIG. 3, the pile head treatment material 2 configured as a thin plate-shaped fluid pressure jack also has a ring shape in which the same number of holes 2b through which the main reinforcing bars 1a of the pile rebar 1 are passed through at the same pitch. It is configured and used as a member. The outer diameter of the ring-shaped member 2 is approximately equal to the hole diameter of the pile hole 4 and has a shape and a size that are substantially inscribed in the hole inner wall. The planar shape of the ring-shaped member 2 is not limited to the illustrated circular shape, and is the same shape and size as the planar shape of the pile hole 4. The smaller the inner diameter of the ring-shaped member 2 is, the more preferable it is for the work of removing cracks in the concrete of the pile head, but it is appropriate in consideration of the convenience of placing concrete, especially the convenience of inserting a tremy tube, etc. decide.
図４は、地盤１１中に掘削された杭孔４の中へ、上記のように構成した杭鉄筋１を建て込んだ状況を示す。符号５は地盤安定液、１０は孔入口の保護ケーシングを示す。
図５は前記杭孔４の中へトレミー管７を通じて杭孔底から先行してコンクリート６を打設する要領を示す。符号６”は予め予定した不良コンクリート領域の下限相当部位に位置する上記杭頭処理材２を超えて立ち上がってきた不良コンクリートを指す。不良コンクリート６”の余盛り量は、通例の現場打ちコンクリート杭と同じく、７０ｃｍ〜８０ｃｍ程度の高さとする。
FIG. 4 shows a situation in which the pile rebar 1 configured as described above is built into the pile hole 4 excavated in the ground 11. Reference numeral 5 denotes a ground stabilizing liquid, and 10 denotes a protective casing at the hole entrance.
FIG. 5 shows a procedure for placing the concrete 6 in advance in the pile hole 4 through the tremy tube 7 from the bottom of the pile hole. Reference numeral 6 "indicates a defective concrete that has risen beyond the pile head treatment material 2 located in a portion corresponding to the lower limit of a predetermined defective concrete area. The height is about 70 cm to 80 cm.
図６と図７は、上記の打設コンクリート６が硬化した後に、杭頭部の少なくとも前記杭頭処理材２が露出する深さまで地盤１１の掘削を行い、その掘削底面へポンプユニット８を据え付け、前記薄板形状の流体圧ジャッキとして構成された杭頭処理材２の入り口バルブ２ａと流体ポンプ８の配管８ａを接続し、前記ポンプ８を運転して高圧流体を杭頭処理材２へ送り込む状況を示す。高圧流体を杭頭処理材２へ送り込むと、杭頭処理材２を構成する鉄板が高品質コンクリート６との境界部に亀裂を生じさせ、不良コンクリート部分６”を破砕し除去する要領を示している。例えばコンクリートの一次圧縮強度が２１Ｎ／ｍｍ２であるとき、杭頭処理材２へは約１０ＭＰａ〜３０ＭＰａの高圧流体を圧入すると、容易に破壊することができる。 6 and 7 show that after the above-described cast concrete 6 is hardened, the ground 11 is excavated to a depth at which the pile head treatment material 2 is exposed at least at the pile head, and the pump unit 8 is installed on the bottom of the excavation. The situation is that the inlet valve 2a of the pile head treatment material 2 configured as the thin plate-shaped fluid pressure jack is connected to the pipe 8a of the fluid pump 8, and the pump 8 is operated to feed high pressure fluid to the pile head treatment material 2. Indicates. When high-pressure fluid is sent to the pile head treatment material 2, the iron plate constituting the pile head treatment material 2 causes a crack at the boundary with the high-quality concrete 6, and shows the procedure for crushing and removing the defective concrete portion 6 " are. for example, when primary compression strength of the concrete is 21N / mm 2, when the to pile treatment material 2 is press-fitted to the high pressure fluid of about 10MP a ~30MP a, can be easily destroyed.
上記のようにして杭頭処理材２を膨脹させると、不良コンクリート６”が接触する各主筋１ａ…には予め縁切りする養生材３を取り付けてあり、また、下方の高品質コンクリート６は周辺の地盤から絶対的に大きい支持反力を受けているため、図７に例示した如く、不良コンクリート６”の方が浮き上がるように変形し、リング形状の杭頭処理材２の設置面に沿ってほぼ水平方向に主たる亀裂が発生する。更には縦方向にも亀裂が発生するなどして、不良コンクリート６”の割裂による破壊、解砕が静的に無騒音、無振動で確実に速やかに進む。よって、その後は破壊された不良コンクリート塊を、例えば養生材３と共に杭主筋１ａから抜き取る等々の方法できれいに手際よく除去することができる。従って、杭頭処理の作業性が高く、工期の短縮化に寄与する。用済みとなった杭頭処理材２も杭主筋１ａから抜き取って撤去することができ、他の場所に転用することも可能であり、有効利用による省資源化と費用の節減を図ることができる。杭頭処理材２を膨脹させる流体に水を使用すると、撤去時に多少漏れ出しても何の支障も生じない。 When the pile head treatment material 2 is expanded as described above, the curing material 3 to be preliminarily attached is attached to each main reinforcing bar 1a to which the defective concrete 6 ″ contacts, and the high-quality concrete 6 below is attached to the surroundings. Since it receives an absolutely large support reaction force from the ground, as illustrated in FIG. 7, the deformed concrete 6 ″ is deformed so as to float up, and is almost along the installation surface of the ring-shaped pile head treatment material 2. Main cracks occur in the horizontal direction. Furthermore, cracks also occur in the vertical direction, so that the failure and crushing of the defective concrete 6 "proceeds promptly without static noise and vibration without fail. The lump can be removed neatly and neatly by, for example, removing the lump from the pile main bar 1a together with the curing material 3. Therefore, the workability of the pile head processing is high, which contributes to shortening the construction period. The pile head treatment material 2 can also be removed from the pile main bar 1a and removed, and can be diverted to other places, saving resources and reducing costs through effective use. If water is used as the fluid for inflating 2, it will not cause any trouble even if it leaks slightly during removal.
図８には、薄板形状の流体圧ジャッキとして構成された杭頭処理材２の種々な実施形態を示す。
図８Ａは、杭鉄筋１における各主筋１ａ…の外周及び内周にほぼ接する内外二つのリング２０と２１を同心円状に配置して成り、前記二つのリング２０と２１は複数個の連通管２２で一連に連通されて内外二重リング構造に一体化され、外周リング２０に入り口バルブ２ａを設けた構成の実施例を示す。内外二つのリング２０と２１の間が、各主筋１ａを通す孔２４として貫通されている。図３の実施例に比して、主筋１ａを通す孔２ｂを加工する手間を省略した構成である。
図８Ｂは、内外二つのリング２０と２１が内外二重リング構造に一体化された構成までは、前記図８Ａの実施形態と共通する。そして、前記内周リング２１の面内に、連通管２２を兼ねて直交する４方向に放射状の配置で直線状処理部材（膨張材）２３、２３を併設した実施例を示す（請求項４に記載した発明）。この実施例によれば、放射状配置に併設した直線状処理部材２３が杭の中心部に確実に亀裂を発生させて割裂を完全にすることに有用である。
In FIG. 8, various embodiment of the pile head processing material 2 comprised as a thin-plate-shaped fluid pressure jack is shown.
FIG. 8A is formed by concentrically arranging inner and outer two rings 20 and 21 that are substantially in contact with the outer periphery and inner periphery of each main reinforcing bar 1a in the pile reinforcing bar 1, and the two rings 20 and 21 include a plurality of communication pipes 22. The embodiment of the structure in which the inlet valve 2a is provided in the outer ring 20 is shown in FIG. The inner and outer two rings 20 and 21 are penetrated as holes 24 through which the main muscles 1a pass. Compared to the embodiment of FIG. 3, the labor for machining the hole 2 b through which the main muscle 1 a passes is omitted.
FIG. 8B is common to the embodiment of FIG. 8A up to the configuration in which the inner and outer rings 20 and 21 are integrated into an inner and outer double ring structure. An embodiment is shown in which linear processing members (expansion materials) 23 and 23 are provided in the radial direction in four directions that also serve as the communication pipe 22 in the plane of the inner ring 21 (Claim 4). Described invention). According to this embodiment, the linear processing member 23 provided in the radial arrangement is useful for reliably generating a crack in the center portion of the pile to complete the split.
図８Ｃは、やはり内外二つのリング２０と２１が内外二重リング構造に一体化された構成までは、上記図８Ａの実施形態と共通する。そして、前記二重リング構造の内周リング２１の面内に、更にもう一つのリング２５が同心円状に配置され前記三つのリング２０、２１、２５はそれぞれ連通管２２で一連に連通されて内外三重リング構造に一体化された構成の実施例を示す（請求項３に記載した発明）。
図８Ｄは、単に杭鉄筋１の各主筋１ａ…の内周側にほぼ内接する一つのリング２１でのみ構成された杭頭処理材２の実施例を示す。したがって、敢えて図示することは省略したが、逆に、杭鉄筋１の各主筋１ａ…の外周側にほぼ外接する一つのリング２０でのみ構成された杭頭処理材２も同様に実施することができる。
FIG. 8C is also common to the embodiment of FIG. 8A up to the configuration in which the inner and outer rings 20 and 21 are integrated into an inner and outer double ring structure. Further, another ring 25 is concentrically arranged in the plane of the inner ring 21 of the double ring structure, and the three rings 20, 21, 25 are respectively connected in series by a communication pipe 22 so as to be connected inside and outside. An embodiment of a structure integrated with a triple ring structure will be shown (the invention described in claim 3).
FIG. 8D shows an embodiment of the pile head treatment material 2 constituted only by one ring 21 that is substantially inscribed on the inner peripheral side of each main reinforcing bar 1a. Accordingly, although illustration is omitted, the pile head treatment material 2 composed of only one ring 20 that is substantially circumscribed on the outer peripheral side of each main reinforcing bar 1a of the pile reinforcing bar 1 can be similarly implemented. it can.
次に、図９と図１０は、薄板形状の流体圧ジャッキとして構成された杭頭処理材２を、杭鉄筋１へ設置する態様の異なる実施例を示す。
図９は、杭頭処理材として、杭鉄筋１の上部の不良コンクリート領域の下限相当部位に、略水平なリング形状部材２を設置するとともに、前記リング形状部材２より上方へ杭主筋１ａに沿ってほぼ垂直に立ち上がる直線状処理部材２６を複数併設した実施例を示している（請求項６に記載した発明）。各直線状処理部材２６は、リング形状部材２と一連に連通した構成とされている。このように実施すると、不良コンクリート領域の下限相当部位において高品質のコンクリート６との境界部位を水平なリング形状部材２がほぼ水平方向に割裂させると同時に、各直線状処理部材２６によって不良コンクリート６”自体の縦割りも可能となり、不良コンクリートの解砕度を高めて、除去作業を容易に出来る。
Next, FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 show the Example from which the aspect which installs the pile head processing material 2 comprised as a thin-plate-shaped fluid pressure jack in the pile reinforcement 1 is different.
FIG. 9 shows a substantially horizontal ring-shaped member 2 as a pile head treatment material at the lower limit equivalent part of the defective concrete region at the top of the pile rebar 1 and along the pile main reinforcement 1a above the ring-shaped member 2. An embodiment in which a plurality of linear processing members 26 rising substantially vertically is provided side by side (invention described in claim 6). Each linear processing member 26 is configured to communicate with the ring-shaped member 2 in series. If implemented in this way, the horizontal ring-shaped member 2 splits the boundary portion with the high-quality concrete 6 in the portion corresponding to the lower limit of the defective concrete region in the substantially horizontal direction, and at the same time, each straight processing member 26 causes the defective concrete 6 to break. "It is possible to divide itself vertically, increasing the degree of crushing of defective concrete and making removal work easy.
図１０は、杭頭処理材として、杭鉄筋１の上部の不良コンクリート領域の下限相当部位に、略水平なリング形状部材２を設置するとともに、それより上方部位であって杭鉄筋１の主筋１ａより内側の部位に井桁形状の板状処理部材２７を一段（又は必要に応じて複数段）略水平に設置した実施例を示している（請求項５に記載した発明）。この実施例によれば、板状処理部材２７によって不良コンクリート６”を上下二段ないし複数段に割裂させることができ、不良コンクリート６”の解砕度を高めて、除去作業を容易に出来る。もっとも、略水平なリング形状部材２より上方部位に設置する杭頭処理材の形態は、図示した井桁形状の板状処理部材２７の限りではなく、リング形状部材２その他を適用することが可能である。 FIG. 10 shows a pile-shaped member 2 as a pile head treatment material at the lower limit equivalent part of the defective concrete region at the top of the pile reinforcement 1, and a main reinforcement 1 a of the pile reinforcement 1 that is an upper part thereof. An embodiment is shown in which the cross-shaped plate-shaped processing member 27 is installed substantially horizontally in a further inner portion (or a plurality of steps if necessary) (invention described in claim 5). According to this embodiment, the defective concrete 6 "can be split into two or more stages by the plate-like processing member 27, and the degree of crushing of the defective concrete 6" can be increased to facilitate the removal operation. But the form of the pile head processing material installed in a site | part above the substantially horizontal ring-shaped member 2 is not restricted to the illustrated cross-shaped plate-shaped processing member 27, It is possible to apply the ring-shaped member 2 and others. is there.
１ 杭鉄筋
６” 不良コンクリート
２ 杭頭処理材
１ａ 杭主筋
３ 養生材
４ 杭孔
６ コンクリート
２ａ 入り口バルブ
８ ポンプ
２ｂ 孔
２４ 孔
２５ リング形状部材
２６ 直線状処理部材
２７ 板状処理部材
1 Pile rebar 6 ”Defective concrete 2 Pile head treatment material 1a Pile main reinforcement 3 Curing material 4 Pile hole 6 Concrete 2a Entrance valve 8 Pump 2b Hole 24 Hole 25 Ring-shaped member 26 Linear processing member 27 Plate-shaped processing member
Claims (6)
前記杭鉄筋を杭孔の中へ建て込み、同杭孔中へコンクリートを打設する段階と、
打設コンクリートが硬化した後に、杭頭部の少なくとも前記杭頭処理材が露出するまで地盤の掘削を行う段階と、
前記薄板形状の流体圧ジャッキとして構成された杭頭処理材の入り口バルブに流体ポンプの配管を接続し、前記ポンプを運転して高圧流体を杭頭処理材へ送り込み、同杭頭処理材を膨脹させることによって杭頭部のコンクリートに亀裂を生じさせ、不良コンクリート部分を破砕し除去する段階とから成ることを特徴とする、場所打ちコンクリート杭の杭頭処理工法。 A pile head treatment material configured as a thin plate-shaped fluid pressure jack is installed approximately horizontally at the lower equivalent area of the defective concrete area above the pile reinforcement, and the concrete and the outer periphery of the pile main reinforcement rising above the pile head treatment material Attach the curing material to be cut off,
Building the pile rebar into the pile hole and placing concrete into the pile hole;
After the cast concrete has hardened, excavating the ground until at least the pile head treatment material of the pile head is exposed;
Connect the pipe of the fluid pump to the inlet valve of the pile head treatment material configured as a thin plate-shaped fluid pressure jack, operate the pump to send high pressure fluid to the pile head treatment material, and expand the pile head treatment material A method for treating a pile head of a cast-in-place concrete pile, comprising: cracking the concrete of the pile head portion by crushing and crushing and removing the defective concrete portion.
The pile head processing material is provided with a substantially horizontal ring-shaped member on the pile reinforcing bar and a plurality of linear processing members that rise upward from the ring-shaped member. Pile head treatment method for cast-in-place concrete piles as described in any one.
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