JP2005154457A - Sheet molding compound - Google Patents

Sheet molding compound Download PDF

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JP2005154457A
JP2005154457A JP2003390597A JP2003390597A JP2005154457A JP 2005154457 A JP2005154457 A JP 2005154457A JP 2003390597 A JP2003390597 A JP 2003390597A JP 2003390597 A JP2003390597 A JP 2003390597A JP 2005154457 A JP2005154457 A JP 2005154457A
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unsaturated polyester
polyester resin
mass
parts
resin composition
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Mamoru Kimura
守 木村
Manabu Osame
学 納
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Housetec Inc
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Housetec Inc
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an SMC excellent in glossiness, smoothness and designability, and its molded article. <P>SOLUTION: The sheet molding compound comprises a fiber-reinforced substrate impregnated with an unsaturated polyester resin composition, where the unsaturated polyester resin composition comprises 120-230 pts. mass of aluminum hydroxide or a glass powder based on 100 pts. mass of the total amount of the unsaturated polyester resin and polymerizable monomers, and aluminum hydroxide or the glass powder contains particles of an average particle size of 8-20 μm and particles of an average particle size of 1-5 μm in the weight ratio of the former to the latter of 55:45 to 5:95. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、浴槽、洗い場パン、浴室壁パネル等の浴室機器等に用いられる成形材料であるシートモールディングコンパウンド(以下,SMCと称する)及びその成形品に関する。   The present invention relates to a sheet molding compound (hereinafter referred to as SMC), which is a molding material used for bathroom equipment such as a bathtub, a washing pan, and a bathroom wall panel, and a molded product thereof.

SMCは、ビニル系単量体に希釈させた不飽和ポリエステルに、添加材として低収縮材、硬化材、重合禁止材、充填材、増粘材、離型材、さらには着色材等を混ぜたペーストにガラス繊維や有機繊維などの繊維基材を含浸させてシート状にして両側をキャリアフィルムで覆い、熟成して半固形化させた成形材料である。この、SMCは、金型に載置して加熱加圧成形され、浴槽、洗い場パン、浴室壁パネル等のSMC成形品として製造される。   SMC is a paste in which unsaturated polyester diluted in vinyl monomer is mixed with low shrinkage material, curing material, polymerization inhibitor, filler, thickener, release material, and coloring material as additives. It is a molding material which is impregnated with a fiber base material such as glass fiber or organic fiber, made into a sheet form, covered on both sides with a carrier film, aged and semi-solidified. The SMC is placed on a mold and heated and pressed to be manufactured as an SMC molded product such as a bathtub, a washing pan, and a bathroom wall panel.

上記のようにして加圧加熱成形されたSMC成形品は、耐久性、耐水性、機械強度,並びに形状の自由度が大きいことから浴槽等の浴室機器やパネル組立式貯水槽、浄化槽等として広く用いられている。
しかしながら,前記SMC成形品は,光沢度,平滑性といった点でバルクモールディングコンパウンド(以下,BMCと称する)に劣るため,浴槽等の浴室機器やキッチンカウンタ,洗面カウンタ等の人造大理石製品にはBMCが広く用いられている。しかしBMCは,材料として塊状のため加圧力を高くする必要があり,また,成形品としての強度が弱く,例えば,成形品が浴槽の場合,SMCを用いて成形する場合においては4〜5mmの肉厚で済むものが,BMCを用いて成形する場合は8〜12mm程度の肉厚にする必要があるというように,設計上から成形品自体の厚肉化を余儀なくされて,成形品軽量化の隘路となる等の問題点を有していた。
成形品の平滑性を改善し、充填材にとして水酸化アルミニウムが使用しうる不飽和ポリエステル樹脂は知られている(特許文献1参照)。
特開平5−70675号公報
SMC molded products that have been pressure-heated and molded as described above are widely used as bathroom equipment such as bathtubs, panel-assembled water storage tanks, and septic tanks because of their high durability, water resistance, mechanical strength, and flexibility in shape. It is used.
However, since the SMC molded product is inferior to bulk molding compound (hereinafter referred to as BMC) in terms of glossiness and smoothness, BMC is used for bathroom equipment such as bath tubs and artificial marble products such as kitchen counters and wash counters. Widely used. However, BMC needs to have a high applied pressure because it is in the form of a material, and its strength as a molded product is weak. For example, when the molded product is a bathtub or when molded using SMC, it is 4 to 5 mm. Thickness is required, but when molding with BMC, it is necessary to make the thickness about 8 to 12 mm, so the molded product itself must be thickened from the design, and the molded product is lighter. It had problems such as becoming a bottleneck.
An unsaturated polyester resin that improves the smoothness of a molded product and that can use aluminum hydroxide as a filler is known (see Patent Document 1).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-70675

本発明は、従来の技術の有するこのような問題点に鑑みてなされたもので、BMCと同等の光沢度,平滑性を有し,また,BMCにはない模様を有した意匠性に優れる成形品を安価なSMC及びその成形品を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of such problems of the prior art, and has a glossiness and smoothness equivalent to that of BMC, and has a design that does not exist in BMC and is excellent in design. The object is to provide an inexpensive SMC and its molded product.

本発明は、次のものに関する。
(1) 不飽和ポリエステル樹脂組成物を繊維強化基材に含浸してなるシートモールディングコンパウンドにおいて、その不飽和ポリエステル樹脂組成物が不飽和ポリエステル樹脂及び重合性単量体の総量100質量部に対して、水酸化アルミニウム又はガラスパウダ120〜230質量部を含有し、水酸化アルミニウム又はガラスパウダは平均粒径8〜20μmのものと平均粒径1〜5μmのものを前者:後者が重量比で55:45〜5:95の割合で含有するものであるシートモールディングコンパウンド。
(2) 不飽和ポリエステル樹脂組成物が、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂及び重合性単量体の総量100質量部に対して,低収縮剤5〜30質量部及び着色剤0.01〜5.0質量部含有してなる項(1)記載のシートモールディングコンパウンド。
(3) 項(1)又は項(2)に記載のシートモールディングコンパウンドを加熱加圧成形したSMC成形品。
The present invention relates to the following.
(1) In a sheet molding compound formed by impregnating a fiber-reinforced base material with an unsaturated polyester resin composition, the unsaturated polyester resin composition is based on 100 parts by mass of the total amount of unsaturated polyester resin and polymerizable monomer. The aluminum hydroxide or glass powder contains 120 to 230 parts by mass of aluminum hydroxide or glass powder. The aluminum hydroxide or glass powder has an average particle size of 8 to 20 μm and an average particle size of 1 to 5 μm. A sheet molding compound containing 45 to 5:95.
(2) The unsaturated polyester resin composition is 5 to 30 parts by mass of a low shrinkage agent and 0.01 to 5.0 parts by mass of a colorant with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the unsaturated polyester resin and the polymerizable monomer. The sheet molding compound according to item (1), which is contained.
(3) An SMC molded product obtained by heat-pressing the sheet molding compound according to item (1) or item (2).

上記SMCを加熱加圧成形することにより,BMCと同等以上の光沢度及び平滑性で,また,ガラス繊維による模様を有する意匠性に優れたSMC成形品を得ることができる。   By heating and press-molding the SMC, an SMC molded product having a glossiness and smoothness equivalent to or higher than that of BMC and having a design with glass fiber can be obtained.

本発明におけるシートモールディングコンパウンド(SMC)は、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂組成物を戦記強化基材に含浸してなるシート状の材料である。その不飽和ポリエステル樹脂組成物は、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂及び重合性単量体を含有し、低収縮剤、着色剤及び充填材等を適宜含有するものであるが、本発明においては、充填剤として水酸化アルミニウム又はガラスパウダを必須成分として含むものである。不飽和ポリエステル樹脂組成物には、その他硬化剤、増粘材等が適宜含まれ、また、上記以外の充填材を含有していてもよい。   The sheet molding compound (SMC) in the present invention is a sheet-like material formed by impregnating an unsaturated polyester resin composition into a war record reinforcing base material. The unsaturated polyester resin composition contains an unsaturated polyester resin and a polymerizable monomer, and appropriately contains a low shrinkage agent, a colorant, a filler, and the like. Aluminum hydroxide or glass powder is included as an essential component. The unsaturated polyester resin composition appropriately includes other curing agents, thickeners, and the like, and may contain fillers other than those described above.

本発明における不飽和ポリエステル樹脂は、α,β−不飽和多塩基酸又はその無水物を必須成分として含む多塩基酸成分と多価アルコールを反応させて得られる。
本発明において、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂の合成原料であるα,β−不飽和多塩基酸又はその無水物としては、例えば、α,β−不飽和二塩基酸又はその無水物、例えば、マレイン酸、フマル酸、イタコン酸、シトラコン酸、無水マレイン酸、これらの無水物などが挙げられる。これらは、2種以上併用してもよい。
多塩基酸成分としては、不飽和基の濃度を調節すること、可撓性、耐熱性などの特性を付与するために、α,β−不飽和多塩基酸又はその無水物のほか、飽和多塩基酸又はその無水物を併用するのが好ましい。このとき、α,β−不飽和多塩基酸又はその無水物としては、多塩基酸成分のうち、80モル%以上とするのが好ましい。α,β−不飽和多塩基酸又はその無水物が80モル%より少なくなると得られる成形品の光沢が漸次低下する傾向を示す。このことから、α,β−不飽和多塩基酸又はその無水物が、80モル%であるのがより好ましく、85〜95モル%であることが特に好ましい。α,β−不飽和多塩基酸としてはα,β−不飽和二塩基酸が特に好ましい。
The unsaturated polyester resin in the present invention is obtained by reacting a polybasic acid component containing an α, β-unsaturated polybasic acid or an anhydride thereof as an essential component with a polyhydric alcohol.
In the present invention, α, β-unsaturated polybasic acid or anhydride thereof, which is a raw material for synthesis of unsaturated polyester resin, for example, α, β-unsaturated dibasic acid or anhydride thereof, for example, maleic acid, Examples thereof include fumaric acid, itaconic acid, citraconic acid, maleic anhydride, and anhydrides thereof. Two or more of these may be used in combination.
The polybasic acid component includes α, β-unsaturated polybasic acid or its anhydride as well as saturated polybasic acid to adjust the concentration of unsaturated groups, and to impart characteristics such as flexibility and heat resistance. It is preferable to use a basic acid or an anhydride thereof in combination. At this time, the α, β-unsaturated polybasic acid or anhydride thereof is preferably 80 mol% or more of the polybasic acid component. When the α, β-unsaturated polybasic acid or anhydride thereof is less than 80 mol%, the gloss of the obtained molded product tends to gradually decrease. Accordingly, the α, β-unsaturated polybasic acid or anhydride thereof is more preferably 80 mol%, particularly preferably 85 to 95 mol%. As the α, β-unsaturated polybasic acid, α, β-unsaturated dibasic acid is particularly preferable.

併用される飽和多塩基酸又はその無水物としては、フタル酸、無水フタル酸、イソフタル酸、テレフタル酸、テトラヒドロフタル酸、テトラヒドロ無水フタル酸、3,6−エンドメチレンテトラヒドロ無水フタル酸、ヘキサヒドロフタル酸、ヘキサヒドロ無水フタル酸、グルタル酸、アジピン酸、セバチン酸、トリメリット酸、無水トリメリット酸、ピロメリット酸、ダイマー酸、こはく酸、アゼライン酸、ロジン−マレイン酸付加物などが挙げられる。これらは、2種以上を併用してもよい。   Saturated polybasic acids or anhydrides used in combination include phthalic acid, phthalic anhydride, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, tetrahydrophthalic acid, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, 3,6-endomethylenetetrahydrophthalic anhydride, hexahydrophthalic acid Examples thereof include acid, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, glutaric acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, trimellitic acid, trimellitic anhydride, pyromellitic acid, dimer acid, succinic acid, azelaic acid, and rosin-maleic acid adduct. Two or more of these may be used in combination.

不飽和ポリエステル樹脂のもう一つの合成原料である多価アルコールとしては、エチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコール、1,3−ブタンジオール、1,6−ヘキサンジオール、ネオペンチルグリコール、1,4−シクロヘキサンジオール、水素添加ビスフェノールA等の二価アルコール、グリセリン、トリメチロールプロパン等の三価アルコール、ペンタエリスリトール等の四価アルコールなどが挙げられる。これらは、2種以上を併用してもよい。   Polyhydric alcohols, which are another synthetic raw material for unsaturated polyester resins, include ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, 1, Examples include dihydric alcohols such as 4-cyclohexanediol and hydrogenated bisphenol A, trihydric alcohols such as glycerin and trimethylolpropane, and tetrahydric alcohols such as pentaerythritol. Two or more of these may be used in combination.

多塩基酸成分と多価アルコールとは、当量比で、多塩基酸成分を1とするとき、多価アルコールを1〜1.3の範囲で使用することが好ましく、1.03〜1.05の範囲で使用することがより好ましい。多価アルコールが少なくなると、得られる不飽和ポリエステル樹脂の分子量が小さくなる傾向にあり、多くなると酸価が小さくなって増粘剤による増粘の進行が遅くなる傾向がある。   The polybasic acid component and the polyhydric alcohol are equivalent ratios, and when the polybasic acid component is 1, it is preferable to use the polyhydric alcohol in the range of 1 to 1.3, 1.03 to 1.05 It is more preferable to use in the range. When the polyhydric alcohol decreases, the molecular weight of the resulting unsaturated polyester resin tends to decrease, and when the polyhydric alcohol increases, the acid value decreases and the progress of thickening by the thickener tends to slow.

不飽和ポリエステル樹脂の製造方法としては、従来から公知の方法によることができる。例えば、多塩基酸成分、多価アルコール成分とを縮合反応させ、両成分が反応するときに生じる縮合水を系外に除きながら進められる。縮合水を系外に除去することは、好ましくは不活性気体を通じることによる自然留出又は減圧留出によって行われる。縮合水の留出を促進するため、トルエン、キシレンなどの溶剤を共沸成分として系中に添加することもできる。反応の進行は、一般に反応により生成する留出分量の測定、末端の官能基の定量、反応系の粘度の測定などにより知ることができる。
反応の温度は150℃以上とすることが好ましく、また酸化による副反応を防止するために窒素、二酸化炭素などの不活性気体を通気しながら反応させることが好ましい。
このことから、反応装置としては、ガラス、ステンレス製等のものが選ばれ、撹拌装置、水とアルコール成分の共沸によるアルコール成分の留出を防ぐための分留装置、反応系の温度を高める加熱装置、この加熱装置の温度制御装置、窒素など不活性気体の吹込み装置等を備えた反応装置を用いるのが好ましい。
As a manufacturing method of unsaturated polyester resin, it can be based on a conventionally well-known method. For example, the polybasic acid component and the polyhydric alcohol component are subjected to a condensation reaction, and the condensation water generated when both components react is removed from the system. Removal of the condensed water out of the system is preferably carried out by natural distillation or reduced pressure distillation through an inert gas. In order to promote the distillation of the condensed water, a solvent such as toluene or xylene can be added to the system as an azeotropic component. The progress of the reaction can be generally known by measuring the amount of distillate produced by the reaction, quantifying the functional group at the end, and measuring the viscosity of the reaction system.
The reaction temperature is preferably 150 ° C. or higher, and in order to prevent side reactions due to oxidation, it is preferable to carry out the reaction while passing an inert gas such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide.
For this reason, a glass, stainless steel or the like is selected as the reaction apparatus, and a stirring apparatus, a fractionation apparatus for preventing distillation of alcohol components due to azeotropy of water and alcohol components, and raising the temperature of the reaction system. It is preferable to use a reactor equipped with a heating device, a temperature control device for the heating device, a blowing device for an inert gas such as nitrogen, and the like.

不飽和ポリエステル樹脂の数平均分子量は1000〜4500であることが好ましい。分子量が1000よりも低いと増粘材を適量添加しても増粘が上がらず樹脂組成物とした場合に柔らかく作業性が悪化するなどの問題が発生する。分子量が4500よりも大きいと粘度が高く,ガラス繊維の含浸不良をおこし成形した場合成形品の表面特性が低下する。   The number average molecular weight of the unsaturated polyester resin is preferably 1000 to 4500. When the molecular weight is lower than 1000, even if an appropriate amount of a thickening material is added, the viscosity does not increase, and when the resin composition is used, problems such as softness and poor workability occur. When the molecular weight is larger than 4500, the viscosity is high, and when the glass fiber is impregnated and molded, the surface characteristics of the molded product are deteriorated.

本発明に用いられる重合性単量体としては、例えば、スチレン、クロルスチレン、ジビニルベンゼン、ターシャリブチルスチレン、臭化スチレン等のスチレン誘導体、メタクリル酸メチル、メタクリル酸エチル、アクリル酸エチル、アクリル酸ブチル等のメタクリル酸又はアクリル酸のアルキルエステル、β−ヒドロキシメタクリル酸エチル、β−ヒドロキシアクリル酸エチル等のメタクリル酸又はアクリル酸のヒドロキシアルキルエステル、ジアリルフタレート、アクリルアミド、フェニルマレイミドなどがあげられる。また、エチレングリコールジメタクリレート、ネオペンチルグリコールジメタクリレート、トリメチールプロパントリメタクリレートなどの多官能のメタクリル酸又はアクリル酸のエステル類を用いることもできる。   Examples of the polymerizable monomer used in the present invention include styrene derivatives such as styrene, chlorostyrene, divinylbenzene, tertiary butylstyrene, and styrene bromide, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, and acrylic acid. Examples include alkyl esters of methacrylic acid or acrylic acid such as butyl, hydroxyalkyl esters of methacrylic acid or acrylic acid such as ethyl β-hydroxymethacrylate and ethyl β-hydroxyacrylate, diallyl phthalate, acrylamide, and phenylmaleimide. Further, polyfunctional methacrylic acid or acrylic acid esters such as ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, neopentyl glycol dimethacrylate, and trimethyl propane trimethacrylate may be used.

不飽和ポリエステル樹脂と重合性単量体とを配合し、必要により重合禁止剤などを加えて不飽和ポリエステル樹脂組成物とされる。
このときの不飽和ポリエステル樹脂と重合性単量体との配合割合は、両者の合計量を100質量部とするとき、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂が25〜80質量部、重合性単量体が75〜20質量部とするのが好ましい。25質量部未満であると不飽和ポリエステル樹脂組成物の粘度が低すぎてシート状に塗布しにくく、また、沈降等のため他の成分と均一に混合しにくくなり、さらに、得られる繊維強化成形材料を成形しても硬化収縮率が大きく、成形品に割れ、クラック等が生じる場合がある。不飽和ポリエステル樹脂が80質量部を超えると、粘度が高すぎて均一に塗布したり、他の成分との混合がしにくくなる場合がある。このことから、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂が40〜65質量部、重合性単量体が60〜35質量部とするのがより好ましい。
重合禁止材としては、p−ベンゾキノン、ナフトキノン、トルキノン、ハイドロキノン、モノ−t−ブチルハイドロキノン、ジブチルヒドロキシトルエン等が挙げられる。重合禁止材は、前記不飽和ポリエステル樹脂と重合性単量体との総量に対して0.5質量%以下で使用されることが好ましい。硬化剤を配合したときは、貯蔵安定性のため、0.05質量%以上含有させることが好ましい。
An unsaturated polyester resin and a polymerizable monomer are blended, and a polymerization inhibitor or the like is added as necessary to obtain an unsaturated polyester resin composition.
The blending ratio of the unsaturated polyester resin and the polymerizable monomer at this time is 25 to 80 parts by mass of the unsaturated polyester resin and 75 to 75% of the polymerizable monomer when the total amount of both is 100 parts by mass. The amount is preferably 20 parts by mass. If it is less than 25 parts by mass, the viscosity of the unsaturated polyester resin composition is too low to be applied in a sheet form, and it is difficult to uniformly mix with other components due to sedimentation and the like, and the resulting fiber reinforced molding Even if the material is molded, the curing shrinkage rate is large, and the molded product may be cracked or cracked. If the unsaturated polyester resin exceeds 80 parts by mass, the viscosity may be too high to be applied uniformly or difficult to mix with other components. Therefore, it is more preferable that the unsaturated polyester resin is 40 to 65 parts by mass and the polymerizable monomer is 60 to 35 parts by mass.
Examples of the polymerization inhibitor include p-benzoquinone, naphthoquinone, tolquinone, hydroquinone, mono-t-butylhydroquinone, dibutylhydroxytoluene and the like. The polymerization inhibitor is preferably used in an amount of 0.5% by mass or less based on the total amount of the unsaturated polyester resin and the polymerizable monomer. When a curing agent is blended, it is preferable to contain 0.05% by mass or more for storage stability.

本発明で用いられる低収縮材としては、ポリメタクリル酸メチル、ポリスチレン、ポリカプロラクトン、ポリ酢酸ビニル、ポリエチレン、ブタジエンゴムなどの熱可塑性樹脂が用いられる。使用量は、成形品の成形収縮率や表面平滑性、表面光沢等の表面特性を考慮して決定されるが、前記不飽和ポリエステル樹脂と重合性単量体との総量100質量部に対して5〜30質量部の範囲で使用されることが好ましい。5質量部未満では低収縮効果が充分でなく,成形品が脱型しにくくなり,その結果,クラックが発生する場合がある。また,40質量部を超えると低収縮剤が分離しやすく,かすれが発生し,光沢度を著しく低下する。   As the low shrinkage material used in the present invention, thermoplastic resins such as polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, polycaprolactone, polyvinyl acetate, polyethylene, and butadiene rubber are used. The amount used is determined in consideration of surface properties such as molding shrinkage rate, surface smoothness, surface gloss, etc. of the molded product, but with respect to a total amount of 100 parts by mass of the unsaturated polyester resin and the polymerizable monomer. It is preferably used in the range of 5 to 30 parts by mass. If it is less than 5 parts by mass, the low shrinkage effect is not sufficient, and it becomes difficult to remove the molded product, and as a result, cracks may occur. On the other hand, when the amount exceeds 40 parts by mass, the low shrinkage agent is easily separated, blurring occurs, and the glossiness is remarkably lowered.

着色剤としては、酸化チタン、黄色酸化鉄、赤色酸化鉄等の無機顔料、フタロシアニングリーン、フタロシアニンブルー等の有機顔料を使用することができる。着色剤が少なすぎると着色効果が充分でなく,多すぎると透明性がなくなり,ガラス模様が著しく低下する。従って,着色剤の配合割合は不飽和ポリエステル樹脂100質量部に対して0.01〜5.0質量部とすることが好ましい。酸化チタンの少ない着色剤を用いることにより,製品の透明感を高めて,ガラス繊維の模様をより強調することができる。   As the colorant, inorganic pigments such as titanium oxide, yellow iron oxide, and red iron oxide, and organic pigments such as phthalocyanine green and phthalocyanine blue can be used. If the amount of the colorant is too small, the coloring effect is not sufficient, and if the amount is too large, the transparency is lost and the glass pattern is significantly lowered. Therefore, the blending ratio of the colorant is preferably 0.01 to 5.0 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the unsaturated polyester resin. By using a colorant with less titanium oxide, the transparency of the product can be enhanced and the glass fiber pattern can be more emphasized.

本発明で用いられる硬化材としては、ケトンパーオキサイド類、パーオキシジカーボネート類、ハイドロパーオキサイド類、ジアシルパーオキサイド類、パーオキシケタール類、ジアルキルパーオキサイド類、パーオキシエステル類、アルキルパーエステル類などが挙げられる。硬化材の量は、成形サイクルのみではなく材料の保存性、色むら等の面にも影響があるため、それぞれに応じて決定される。材料の保存性、成形サイクルの面から前記不飽和ポリエステル樹脂100質量部に対して0.5〜2.0質量部が好ましい。   Curing materials used in the present invention include ketone peroxides, peroxydicarbonates, hydroperoxides, diacyl peroxides, peroxyketals, dialkyl peroxides, peroxyesters, alkylperesters. Etc. The amount of the hardener is determined depending on each because it affects not only the molding cycle but also the surface of the material and the unevenness of color. 0.5-2.0 mass parts is preferable with respect to 100 mass parts of said unsaturated polyester resins from the surface of the preservability of a material and a shaping | molding cycle.

増粘材としては、酸化マグネシウム、水酸化マグネシウム、酸化カリウム、水酸化カリウム等が用いられるが、一般的には酸化マグネシウムが用いられる。増粘材の量は、成形材の作業性に応じて決定されるが、前記不飽和ポリエステル樹脂及び重合性単量体の総量に対して、0.5〜5.0質量%が好ましく、より好ましくは0.7〜2.0質量%である。増粘材が少な過ぎると樹脂組成物の粘度が上昇しない場合があり,樹脂組成物とした場合に柔らかく,取扱い時のべたつきによる作業性低下やプレス成形時にピンホール等の欠陥が発生しやすくなる等の問題が生じる。また,増粘材が多すぎると粘度上昇が著しく,繊維基材への含浸不良をおこし,成形した場合,成形品にふくれ、巣、ピンホール等の欠陥が生じるためである。   As the thickener, magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, potassium oxide, potassium hydroxide, or the like is used, but generally magnesium oxide is used. The amount of the thickening material is determined according to the workability of the molding material, but is preferably 0.5 to 5.0 mass% with respect to the total amount of the unsaturated polyester resin and the polymerizable monomer, more Preferably it is 0.7-2.0 mass%. If the amount of thickener is too small, the viscosity of the resin composition may not increase, and if it is made into a resin composition, it will be soft, resulting in poor workability due to stickiness during handling and defects such as pinholes during press molding. Such problems arise. In addition, when there are too many thickeners, the viscosity rises remarkably, and when the fiber base material is poorly impregnated and molded, defects such as blisters, nests, and pinholes occur in the molded product.

充填材としては,水酸化アルミニウム又はガラスパウダが用いられる。ここで充填材の種類を規定するのは,不飽和ポリエステル樹脂との屈折率が近接しているため,ガラス繊維模様発現に必要な透明性が付与できるためである。その含有量は,平均粒径8〜20μmのものと平均粒径1〜5μmのものとを前者:後者が重量比で55:45〜5:95、特に50:50〜10:90の範囲で使用されるのが好ましい。8〜20μmが増えると,光沢が漸次低下する傾向を示す。また,1〜5μmを増やしていくと光沢は向上するが,ガラス繊維の浮きが発生し,表面平滑性が低下する。
水酸化アルミニウム及びガラスパウダの含有量は、前記不飽和ポリエステル樹脂及び重合性単量体の総量100質量部に対して、120〜230質量部である。その含有量が120質量部未満では,不飽和ポリエステル樹脂組成物の酸化マグネシウム等のアルカリ土類金属酸化物等による増粘反応が進みにくく、増粘後のタックフリー性が不足し、取扱い時のべたつきによる作業性低下やプレス成形時にピンホール等の欠陥が発生しやすくなる等の問題があるためである。また、230質量部を超えると、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂組成物の粘度上昇が著しく、繊維基材への含浸性が悪化し、成形時にふくれ、巣、ピンホール等の欠陥が生じるためである。
As the filler, aluminum hydroxide or glass powder is used. The reason why the type of filler is specified here is that the refractive index close to that of the unsaturated polyester resin is close, so that the transparency necessary for the expression of the glass fiber pattern can be imparted. The content of the average particle size is 8 to 20 μm and the average particle size is 1 to 5 μm. The former: the latter is in a weight ratio of 55:45 to 5:95, particularly 50:50 to 10:90. It is preferably used. When 8 to 20 μm increases, the gloss tends to gradually decrease. Further, when the thickness is increased by 1 to 5 μm, the gloss is improved, but the glass fiber is floated and the surface smoothness is lowered.
Content of aluminum hydroxide and glass powder is 120-230 mass parts with respect to 100 mass parts of total amounts of the said unsaturated polyester resin and a polymerizable monomer. If the content is less than 120 parts by mass, the thickening reaction by the unsaturated earth resin oxide such as magnesium oxide of the unsaturated polyester resin composition is difficult to proceed, the tack-free property after thickening is insufficient, This is because there is a problem that workability is reduced due to stickiness and defects such as pinholes are likely to occur during press molding. On the other hand, when the amount exceeds 230 parts by mass, the viscosity of the unsaturated polyester resin composition is remarkably increased, the impregnation property to the fiber base material is deteriorated, and defects such as blisters, nests, pinholes, etc. occur at the time of molding.

前記の不飽和ポリエステル樹脂組成物には、さらに、適宜、離型材、紫外線吸収剤等を配合してもよい。   The unsaturated polyester resin composition may further contain a release material, an ultraviolet absorber and the like as appropriate.

離型材としては、ステアリン酸亜鉛、ステアリン酸カルシウム等が使用される。離型材の量は、前記不飽和ポリエステル樹脂及び重合性単量体の総量に対して,1.0〜10質量部が好ましく、より好ましくは2.0〜6.0質量部である。離型材の量が少なすぎると成形品が型に付き、脱型しづらく、また成形品にクラック等が入る場合がある。また、離型剤が多すぎると成形品強度が低下する傾向にある。   As the release material, zinc stearate, calcium stearate or the like is used. 1.0-10 mass parts is preferable with respect to the total amount of the said unsaturated polyester resin and a polymerizable monomer, More preferably, the quantity of a mold release material is 2.0-6.0 mass parts. If the amount of the release material is too small, the molded product may stick to the mold, making it difficult to remove the mold, and cracks or the like may occur in the molded product. Moreover, when there is too much mold release agent, it exists in the tendency for a molded article strength to fall.

繊維強化基材(補強材)としては、ガラス繊維や有機繊維が用いられる。ガラス繊維は,連続繊維,織布等の形態で用いられるが,ロービング状のものを5〜30mmに切断したものを用いることが好ましい。
一方,有機繊維を使用する場合は、不織布、クロス、あるいはチョップド短繊維等を用いることができるが、不織布は、SMCの成形時(成形品の製造時)に、クロスよりも樹脂の流動性がよく、チョップド短繊維よりも繊維の均一分散性、樹脂含浸性がよい。有機繊維としては、ポリエステル繊維、セルロース繊維、ナイロン繊維、アラミド繊維等の合成繊維やサイザル麻、ジュート等の天然繊維を用いることができるが、ポリエステル繊維が、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂との密着性に優れることから、好適である。又、サイザル麻やジュート等の天然繊維は、合成繊維に比べて安価であり、しかも天然物を有効利用できることから環境配慮の点からも好適である。
As the fiber reinforced base material (reinforcing material), glass fiber or organic fiber is used. The glass fiber is used in the form of continuous fiber, woven fabric, etc., but it is preferable to use a roving-shaped one cut to 5 to 30 mm.
On the other hand, when organic fibers are used, non-woven fabric, cloth, chopped short fibers, etc. can be used. However, non-woven cloth has a resin flowability that is higher than that of cloth when SMC is molded (when a molded product is manufactured). It is better than the chopped short fibers in terms of uniform dispersibility and resin impregnation. Synthetic fibers such as polyester fibers, cellulose fibers, nylon fibers, and aramid fibers, and natural fibers such as sisal hemp and jute can be used as the organic fibers, but the polyester fibers have excellent adhesion to unsaturated polyester resins. Therefore, it is preferable. Moreover, natural fibers such as sisal and jute are preferable from the viewpoint of environmental consideration because they are cheaper than synthetic fibers and natural products can be used effectively.

SMCは、通常のSMC製造装置を用いて通常の方法により製造することができる。
例えば、前記不飽和ポリエステル樹脂組成物を、上下に配置されたキャリアフィルムに均一な厚さとなるように塗布し、巻き出し装置から巻き出された所定の大きさの繊維補強材(織布又は不織布)を上記した上下に配置されたキャリアフィルムの不飽和ポリエステル樹脂組成物に挾み込み、次いで、全体を含浸ロールの間に通して、圧力を加えて繊維補強材を不飽和ポリエステル樹脂組成物に含浸させた後、ロール状に巻き取るかつづら折りに畳む。また、繊維補強剤として単繊維を用いる場合、キャリアフィルムに不飽和ポリエステル樹脂組成物を塗布し、ついで、単繊維をその上に散布する方法もある。
この後、必要に応じて熟成等を行う。増粘材を配合した場合には室温〜60℃の温度に加熱して熟成することが好ましい。
離型フィルムとしては、ポリエチレンフィルム、ポリプロピレンフィルム等を用いることができる。
SMC can be manufactured by a normal method using a normal SMC manufacturing apparatus.
For example, the unsaturated polyester resin composition is applied to a carrier film arranged above and below so as to have a uniform thickness, and a fiber reinforcing material (woven fabric or nonwoven fabric) of a predetermined size unwound from an unwinding device. ) Into the unsaturated polyester resin composition of the carrier film arranged above and below, and then the whole is passed between the impregnating rolls, and pressure is applied to the fiber reinforcing material into the unsaturated polyester resin composition. After impregnating, it is wound up in a roll and folded into a flat shape. Moreover, when using a single fiber as a fiber reinforcing agent, there also exists the method of apply | coating an unsaturated polyester resin composition to a carrier film, and then spraying a single fiber on it.
Thereafter, aging or the like is performed as necessary. When a thickener is blended, it is preferably aged by heating to room temperature to 60 ° C.
A polyethylene film, a polypropylene film, etc. can be used as a release film.

SMCの粘度は、40℃において15,000〜150,000Pa・sとなるように調整されるのが好ましく,60,000〜120,000Pa・sとなるように調整されるのが特に好ましい。粘度が低すぎると、成形品表面にスカミングが発生し易く、また粘度が高すぎると型締め時間が長くなって成形サイクルが長くなる傾向を示す。ただし、繊維強化成形材料の最適の粘度は、成形品によって決定される。また、繊維強化成形材料の粘度は増粘材の配合量や熟成条件によって調整することができる。   The viscosity of SMC is preferably adjusted to 15,000 to 150,000 Pa · s at 40 ° C., and particularly preferably adjusted to 60,000 to 120,000 Pa · s. If the viscosity is too low, scumming tends to occur on the surface of the molded product, and if the viscosity is too high, the mold clamping time tends to be long and the molding cycle tends to be long. However, the optimum viscosity of the fiber reinforced molding material is determined by the molded product. The viscosity of the fiber reinforced molding material can be adjusted by the blending amount of the thickener and the aging conditions.

SMCは、圧縮成形、トランスファー成形等により成形され、広範囲なFRP成形品を得ることができる。成形温度は70〜150℃、成形圧力は0.1〜10MPaであることが好ましい。   SMC is molded by compression molding, transfer molding or the like, and a wide range of FRP molded products can be obtained. The molding temperature is preferably 70 to 150 ° C., and the molding pressure is preferably 0.1 to 10 MPa.

上記のようにして作製したSMCを用いると、BMCと同等以上の光沢度及び平滑性を有し,更に,成形品表面にガラス繊維による模様を有する意匠性のある成形品をSMCで製造することが出来る。   When SMC produced as described above is used, a molded product having a glossiness and smoothness equal to or higher than that of BMC and having a design made of glass fiber on the surface of the molded product is manufactured by SMC. I can do it.

以下に実施例及び比較例を挙げて,本発明をより具体的に説明する。
用いた材料は以下のものである。
不飽和ポリエステル樹脂組成物としては、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂:(40質量%スチレン溶液、樹脂の酸成分中の不飽和多塩基酸75モル%、80モル%、90モル%又は100モル%)100質量部、硬化剤:ターシャリーブチルパーオキシベンゾエート(パーブチルZ,日本油脂株式会社,商品名)1.0質量部、重合禁止剤:パラベンゾキノン(精工化学株式会社,商品名)0.05質量部,内部離型剤:(ジンクステアレート,日本油脂株式会社,商品名)4.0質量部及び増粘剤:酸化マグネシウム1.0質量部並びに低収縮材:ポリスチレン(デンカスチロール,電気化学工業株式会社,商品名,40%スチレン溶液として使用)、充填材:水酸化アルミニウム及び着色剤:酸化チタンを表1、表2又は表3に示す量だけ配合してものを用いた。また、SMC中のガラス繊維の含有量は20重量%になるようにした。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples and comparative examples.
The materials used are as follows.
As unsaturated polyester resin composition, unsaturated polyester resin: (40 mass% styrene solution, 75 mol%, 80 mol%, 90 mol% or 100 mol% of unsaturated polybasic acid in the acid component of the resin) 100 mass Parts, curing agent: tertiary butyl peroxybenzoate (perbutyl Z, Nippon Oil & Fat Co., Ltd., trade name) 1.0 part by mass, polymerization inhibitor: parabenzoquinone (Seiko Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name) 0.05 part by mass, Internal mold release agent: (Zinc stearate, Nippon Oil & Fat Co., Ltd., product name) 4.0 parts by mass and thickener: 1.0 part by mass of magnesium oxide and low shrinkage material: polystyrene (Denkastyrol, Electrochemical Industry Co., Ltd.) , Trade name, used as 40% styrene solution), filler: aluminum hydroxide and colorant: titanium oxide in the amounts shown in Table 1, Table 2 or Table 3 It was used as the Te. Further, the content of glass fiber in SMC was set to 20% by weight.

実施例1〜15及び比較例1〜4
(SMCの作製)
得られた不飽和ポリエステル樹脂組成物を,通常の方法により所定含有量にて含浸させ,SMCを作製した。
(成形品の製造)
金型温度145℃(製品面)/130℃,圧力100kg/cm2,保圧時間8分で1100サイズの実機浴槽を成形した。
試験結果は、表1、表2又は表3に示す。
Examples 1-15 and Comparative Examples 1-4
(Production of SMC)
The obtained unsaturated polyester resin composition was impregnated at a predetermined content by an ordinary method to produce SMC.
(Manufacture of molded products)
A 1100 size actual machine bathtub was molded at a mold temperature of 145 ° C. (product surface) / 130 ° C., a pressure of 100 kg / cm 2, and a holding time of 8 minutes.
The test results are shown in Table 1, Table 2 or Table 3.

試験方法
(1)繊維基材の含浸性
得られたSMCシートの中の繊維基材をカッターナイフで表面の樹脂を取り除きながら観察し,繊維基材に樹脂が含浸されていない箇所の有無を目視判断した。繊維基材に樹脂が含浸されていない箇所がない場合を○として,その箇所が有る場合を×として評価した。
(2)作業性
得られたSMCシートの表面を触手により観察した。べたつきがない場合を○として,べたつきが感じられる場合を×として評価した。
(3)成形収縮率
220mm×220mm×3.5mmtの成形品を作製し,金型寸法に対する成形収縮率を求めた。従来SMCと同等の0.10%〜0.25%のときを○,0.25を超えると×として評価した。
(4)光沢度
浴槽上縁面の光沢度(60°反射率)を評価した。その値が90以上を○,90未満〜85を△,85未満を×として評価した。
(5)表面平滑性
浴槽上縁面のうねりの状態を,目視により観察した。BMC成形品と比較して,同等以上の場合○,同等未満の場合を×として評価した。
(6)着色性
浴槽上縁面を目視で評価した。着色剤なしの成形品と比較して,わずかでも変化している場合を○,変化ない場合を×として評価した。
(7)模様の評価
浴槽上縁面の色差を10点測定し,その標準偏差を求めた。その値が0.20以上のとき○,0.20未満のとき×として評価した。
Test method (1) Impregnation property of fiber substrate The fiber substrate in the obtained SMC sheet is observed while removing the resin on the surface with a cutter knife, and the presence or absence of the resin substrate is not impregnated visually. It was judged. The case where there was no part which the fiber base material was not impregnated with resin was evaluated as ◯, and the case where the part was present was evaluated as ×.
(2) Workability The surface of the obtained SMC sheet was observed with a tentacle. The case where there was no stickiness was evaluated as ○, and the case where stickiness was felt was evaluated as ×.
(3) A molded product having a molding shrinkage of 220 mm × 220 mm × 3.5 mmt was produced, and the molding shrinkage with respect to the mold dimensions was determined. The case of 0.10% to 0.25% equivalent to the conventional SMC was evaluated as ◯, and the case of exceeding 0.25 was evaluated as x.
(4) Glossiness The glossiness (60 ° reflectance) of the upper edge surface of the bathtub was evaluated. The evaluation was evaluated with a value of 90 or more as O, less than 90 to 85 as Δ, and less than 85 as ×.
(5) Surface smoothness The state of the swell of the upper edge of the bathtub was visually observed. In comparison with the BMC molded product, the case of equality or higher was evaluated as ○, and the case of less than equal was evaluated as ×.
(6) The upper edge surface of the colorable bathtub was visually evaluated. In comparison with a molded product without a colorant, the case where it slightly changed was evaluated as ◯, and the case where there was no change was evaluated as ×.
(7) Pattern evaluation The color difference of the upper edge of the bathtub was measured at 10 points, and the standard deviation was obtained. When the value was 0.20 or more, it was evaluated as ○, and when it was less than 0.20, it was evaluated as ×.

Figure 2005154457
Figure 2005154457

Figure 2005154457
Figure 2005154457

Figure 2005154457
Figure 2005154457

Claims (3)

不飽和ポリエステル樹脂組成物を繊維強化基材に含浸してなるシートモールディングコンパウンドにおいて、その不飽和ポリエステル樹脂組成物が不飽和ポリエステル樹脂及び重合性単量体の総量100質量部に対して、水酸化アルミニウム又はガラスパウダ120〜230質量部を含有し、水酸化アルミニウム又はガラスパウダは平均粒径8〜20μmのものと平均粒径1〜5μmのものを前者:後者が重量比で55:45〜5:95の割合で含有するものであるシートモールディングコンパウンド。   In a sheet molding compound obtained by impregnating a fiber reinforced base material with an unsaturated polyester resin composition, the unsaturated polyester resin composition is hydroxylated with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of unsaturated polyester resin and polymerizable monomer. It contains 120 to 230 parts by mass of aluminum or glass powder, and aluminum hydroxide or glass powder has an average particle size of 8 to 20 μm and an average particle size of 1 to 5 μm. : A sheet molding compound containing at a ratio of 95. 不飽和ポリエステル樹脂組成物が、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂及び重合性単量体の総量100質量部に対して,低収縮剤5〜30質量部及び着色剤0.01〜5.0質量部含有してなる請求項1記載のシートモールディングコンパウンド。   The unsaturated polyester resin composition contains 5 to 30 parts by mass of a low shrinkage agent and 0.01 to 5.0 parts by mass of a colorant with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the unsaturated polyester resin and the polymerizable monomer. The sheet molding compound according to claim 1. 請求項1又は2に記載のシートモールディングコンパウンドを加熱加圧成形してなるシートモールディングコンパウンド成形品。

A sheet molding compound molded article obtained by heating and pressing the sheet molding compound according to claim 1.

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2013087133A (en) * 2011-10-13 2013-05-13 Showa Denko Kk Thermosetting resin composition, sheet molding compound and molded article
CN106633742A (en) * 2016-12-30 2017-05-10 陈平 Strengthened toughened polymer-base flaky composite material and preparation method thereof
WO2019017254A1 (en) * 2017-07-20 2019-01-24 三菱ケミカル株式会社 Sheet molding compound, fiber-reinforced composite material, and method for producing fiber-reinforced composite material
WO2021111885A1 (en) * 2019-12-05 2021-06-10 Dic株式会社 Sheet molding compound and molded article thereof
CN113993946A (en) * 2019-06-25 2022-01-28 Dic株式会社 Molding material, molded article, and artificial marble

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2013087133A (en) * 2011-10-13 2013-05-13 Showa Denko Kk Thermosetting resin composition, sheet molding compound and molded article
CN106633742A (en) * 2016-12-30 2017-05-10 陈平 Strengthened toughened polymer-base flaky composite material and preparation method thereof
WO2019017254A1 (en) * 2017-07-20 2019-01-24 三菱ケミカル株式会社 Sheet molding compound, fiber-reinforced composite material, and method for producing fiber-reinforced composite material
CN111094412A (en) * 2017-07-20 2020-05-01 三菱化学株式会社 Sheet molding compound, fiber-reinforced composite material, and method for producing fiber-reinforced composite material
CN113993946A (en) * 2019-06-25 2022-01-28 Dic株式会社 Molding material, molded article, and artificial marble
WO2021111885A1 (en) * 2019-12-05 2021-06-10 Dic株式会社 Sheet molding compound and molded article thereof
JPWO2021111885A1 (en) * 2019-12-05 2021-12-09 Dic株式会社 Sheet molding compound and its molded products

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