JP2003342832A - Method for producing meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber having excellent shrinkage stability - Google Patents

Method for producing meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber having excellent shrinkage stability

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Publication number
JP2003342832A
JP2003342832A JP2002157129A JP2002157129A JP2003342832A JP 2003342832 A JP2003342832 A JP 2003342832A JP 2002157129 A JP2002157129 A JP 2002157129A JP 2002157129 A JP2002157129 A JP 2002157129A JP 2003342832 A JP2003342832 A JP 2003342832A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
meta
aromatic polyamide
wholly aromatic
type wholly
water
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2002157129A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Hiroshi Fujita
寛 藤田
Hideki Nitta
秀樹 新田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Teijin Ltd
Original Assignee
Teijin Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Teijin Ltd filed Critical Teijin Ltd
Priority to JP2002157129A priority Critical patent/JP2003342832A/en
Publication of JP2003342832A publication Critical patent/JP2003342832A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing meta-aramid fibers not containing a salt and having good mechanical characteristics and thermal properties in good productivity. <P>SOLUTION: This method for producing the meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fibers substantially not containing a salt (an inorganic ionic substance) and having excellent denseness and thermal shrinkage stability in substantially industrial productivity and profitability comprises extruding a salt-free polymer solution prepared by dissolving the meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide having meth-phenylene isophthalamide skeletons as a main component in a coagulation bath comprising an amide-based solvent and water and not containing a salt to coagulate the polymer as porous linear products, subjecting the products to the first drawing treatment in a plasticization-drawing bath comprising an aqueous solution of the amide-based solvent, adjusting the water content and amide-based solvent content of the fibers, thermally treating the fibers at 100 to 250°C, again subjecting the fibers to the second drawing treatment in a plasticization-drawing bath, washing the treated fibers, and finally thermally treating the fibers at 100 to 250°C and further at 270 to 400°C. The meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fibers having an extremely low inorganic ion concentration are desirable, because of not deteriorating electric characteristics, when used as an electronic material. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、湿式紡糸によっ
て、力学特性、耐熱性等の良好なメタフェニレンイソフ
タルアミド骨格を主たる成分とするメタ型全芳香族ポリ
アミド繊維を高い生産性で製造する方法およびその方法
によって得られる実質的に塩類を含まないメタ型全芳香
族ポリアミド繊維に関するものである。
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for producing a meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber having a metaphenylene isophthalamide skeleton having good mechanical properties and heat resistance as a main component by wet spinning with high productivity, and The present invention relates to a substantially salt-free meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber obtained by the method.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】芳香族ジアミンと芳香族ジカルボン酸ジ
クロリドとから製造される全芳香族ポリアミドが耐熱性
に優れかつ難燃性に優れることは従来周知であり、ま
た、これらの全芳香族ポリアミドがアミド系溶媒に可溶
であって、これらの重合体溶液から乾式紡糸、湿式紡
糸、半乾半湿式紡糸等の方法によって繊維となし得るこ
とも良く知られている。
2. Description of the Related Art It is well known that wholly aromatic polyamides produced from aromatic diamines and aromatic dicarboxylic acid dichlorides are excellent in heat resistance and flame retardancy, and these wholly aromatic polyamides are It is also well known that the polymer is soluble in an amide solvent and can be formed into a fiber from these polymer solutions by a method such as dry spinning, wet spinning, and semi-dry semi-wet spinning.

【0003】かかる全芳香族ポリアミドのうち、ポリメ
タフェニレンイソフタルアミドで代表されるメタ型全芳
香族ポリアミド(以下「メタアラミド」と略称すること
がある)の繊維は、耐熱・難燃性繊維として特に有用な
ものであり、かかるメタアラミド繊維は、現在、主に次
の(イ)(ロ)の2つの方法によって工業的な生産が行
われていると言われており、さらに、これ以外にもメタ
アラミド繊維の製造法として、次の(ハ)〜(ヘ)のよ
うな方法が提案されている。
Among such wholly aromatic polyamides, fibers of meta-type wholly aromatic polyamides represented by polymetaphenylene isophthalamide (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as "meta-aramid") are particularly used as heat-resistant and flame-retardant fibers. It is said that such meta-aramid fiber is useful and is currently industrially produced mainly by the following two methods (a) and (b). The following methods (c) to (c) have been proposed as fiber manufacturing methods.

【0004】(イ)メタフェニレンジアミンとイソフタ
ル酸クロライドとをN,N−ジメチルアセトアミド中で
低温溶液重合させることによってポリメタフェニレンイ
ソフタルアミド溶液を調製し、しかる後、該溶液中に副
生した塩酸を水酸化カルシウムで中和して得た塩化カル
シウムを含む重合体溶液を、乾式紡糸することによりポ
リメタフェニレンイソフタルアミド繊維を製造する方法
(特公昭35−14399号公報、米国特許第3360
595号明細書参照)。
(A) A polymetaphenylene isophthalamide solution was prepared by low-temperature solution polymerization of metaphenylenediamine and isophthalic acid chloride in N, N-dimethylacetamide, and then hydrochloric acid by-produced in the solution. A method for producing polymetaphenylene isophthalamide fibers by dry spinning a polymer solution containing calcium chloride obtained by neutralizing the above with calcium hydroxide (Japanese Patent Publication No. 35-14399, US Pat. No. 3360).
595 specification).

【0005】(ロ)メタフェニレンジアミン塩とイソフ
タル酸クロライドとを含む生成ポリアミドの良溶媒では
ない有機溶剤系(例えばテトラヒドロフラン)と無機の
酸受容剤ならびに可溶性中性塩を含む水溶液系とを接触
させることによってポリメタフェニレンイソフタラルア
ミド重合体の粉末を単離し(特公昭47−10863号
公報参照)、この重合体粉末をアミド系溶媒に再溶解し
た後、無機塩含有水性凝固浴中に湿式紡糸する方法(特
公昭48−17551号公報参照)。
(B) Contacting an organic solvent system (for example, tetrahydrofuran) which is not a good solvent for the formed polyamide containing a metaphenylenediamine salt and isophthalic acid chloride with an aqueous solution system containing an inorganic acid acceptor and a soluble neutral salt. The polymetaphenylene isophthalalamide polymer powder was isolated (see Japanese Patent Publication No. 47-10863), the polymer powder was redissolved in an amide solvent, and then wet-spun in an inorganic salt-containing aqueous coagulation bath. (See Japanese Patent Publication No. 48-17551).

【0006】(ハ)溶液重合法で合成・単離したメタア
ラミドをアミド系溶媒に溶解した、無機塩を含まないか
または僅かな量(2〜3%)の塩化リチウムを含むメタ
アラミド溶液から、湿式成形法によって繊維等の成形物
を製造する方法(特開昭50−52167号公報参
照)。
(C) A solution of meta-aramid synthesized and isolated by the solution polymerization method in an amide-based solvent, which is wet from a meta-aramid solution containing no inorganic salt or containing a slight amount (2 to 3%) of lithium chloride. A method for producing a molded product such as a fiber by a molding method (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 50-52167).

【0007】(ニ)アミド系溶媒中で溶液重合し、水酸
化カルシウム、酸化カルシウム等で中和して生成した塩
化カルシウムと水とを含むメタアラミド重合体溶液を、
オリフィスから気体中に押し出して、気体中を通過せし
めた後、水性凝固浴に導入し、次いで、塩化カルシウム
等の無機塩水溶液中を通過せしめて糸条物に成形する方
法(特開昭56−31009号公報参照)。
(D) A meta-aramid polymer solution containing calcium chloride and water, which is produced by solution polymerization in an amide solvent and neutralized with calcium hydroxide, calcium oxide, etc.,
A method of extruding into a gas through an orifice, allowing the gas to pass therethrough, then introducing it into an aqueous coagulation bath, and then passing it through an aqueous solution of an inorganic salt such as calcium chloride to form a yarn (JP-A-56- No. 31009).

【0008】(ホ)アミド系溶媒中で溶液重合し、水酸
化カルシウム、酸化カルシウム等で中和して生成した塩
化カルシウムと水とを含むメタアラミド重合体溶液を、
オリフィスから、塩化カルシウムを高濃度に含む水性凝
固浴中に紡出せしめて糸条物に成形する方法(特開平8
−074121号公報、特開平10−88421号公報
等参照)。
(E) A meta-aramid polymer solution containing calcium chloride and water produced by solution polymerization in an amide solvent and neutralized with calcium hydroxide, calcium oxide, etc.
A method of spinning into an aqueous coagulation bath containing a high concentration of calcium chloride from an orifice to form a yarn (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H8-78242).
No. 074121, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-88421, etc.).

【0009】(ヘ)メタアラミドの無機塩を含有するア
ミド系溶媒溶液を高温の紡糸筒に吐出し、紡糸筒から出
た直後に低温の水性溶液で冷却して膨潤させ、これを可
塑化塩を含有する水性延伸浴中で延伸することにより、
非常に微細な気孔を多数有する密度1.3g/cm3
満の易染性多孔質繊維を製造する方法(特公昭52−4
3930号公報参照)。
(F) An amide-based solvent solution containing an inorganic salt of meta-aramid is discharged into a high-temperature spinning cylinder, and immediately after it is discharged from the spinning cylinder, it is cooled and swelled with a low-temperature aqueous solution to form a plasticizing salt. By stretching in an aqueous stretching bath containing
Method for producing easily dyeable porous fibers having a number of very fine pores and a density of less than 1.3 g / cm 3 (Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-4
3930 publication).

【0010】上記(イ)の方法は、重合体を単離せずに
紡糸用の重合体溶液(紡糸原液)を調製できる利点はあ
るが、沸点の高いアミド系溶媒を用いる乾式紡糸のた
め、製造上のエネルギーコストが高く、しかも紡糸口金
当たりの孔数を増大すると紡糸安定性が急速に低下す
る。また、この重合体溶液を水性凝固浴中に湿式紡糸し
ようとしても失透の多い弱い繊維しか得られないことが
多いため、未だに溶液重合によるメタアラミド重合体溶
液を水性凝固浴を用いて湿式紡糸する方法は、多くの困
難があると考えられており、工業的に実施されていな
い。一方、(ロ)(ハ)の方法は、上述した乾式紡糸の
問題は回避されるが、重合系と紡糸系とで溶媒が異なる
こと、一度単離された重合体を再溶解するための工程を
要すること、再溶解して安定な溶液を得るには特別の配
慮と細心の工程管理が要求されることが問題となる(特
公昭48−4661号公報参照)。また、(ニ)の方法
では、紡糸口金から空気中に紡糸する場合、口金当たり
の孔数を増大すると紡糸安定性が著しく低下するため、
生産性が低く効率的でない。さらに、(ホ)の方法は、
良好な物性の繊維を与えるものの、紡糸速度を上げるこ
とが困難であるため、生産性に問題がある。(ヘ)の方
法は密度が1.3g/cm3よりかなり小さい多孔質繊
維を製造する方法であるが、これは乾式紡糸法の応用的
な技術であり、乾式紡糸法と同様の問題点を有する。
The above method (a) has an advantage that a polymer solution for spinning (stock solution for spinning) can be prepared without isolating the polymer, but it is produced by dry spinning using an amide solvent having a high boiling point. The above energy costs are high, and the spinning stability is rapidly reduced as the number of holes per spinneret is increased. Further, even if an attempt is made to wet-spin this polymer solution in an aqueous coagulation bath, only weak fibers with a large amount of devitrification are often obtained, and therefore, the meta-aramid polymer solution obtained by solution polymerization is still wet-spun using the aqueous coagulation bath. The method is considered to have many difficulties and has not been implemented industrially. On the other hand, the methods (b) and (c) avoid the problems of dry spinning described above, but the solvent is different between the polymerization system and the spinning system, and the step for redissolving the polymer once isolated is performed. However, in order to obtain a stable solution by re-dissolving it, special consideration and careful process control are required (see Japanese Patent Publication No. 48-4661). Further, in the method (d), when spinning from the spinneret into the air, the spinning stability is significantly reduced when the number of holes per spinneret is increased,
Low productivity and inefficient. Furthermore, the method of (e)
Although it gives fibers having good physical properties, it is difficult to increase the spinning speed, and thus there is a problem in productivity. The method (f) is a method for producing a porous fiber whose density is considerably smaller than 1.3 g / cm 3 , but this is an applied technique of the dry spinning method, and has the same problems as the dry spinning method. Have.

【0011】また、メタアラミド繊維はその耐熱性、絶
縁性から電子材料として用いられているが、電子材料と
して用いるためにはイオン性物質等のコンタミネーショ
ンを極力減らすことが求められており、できれば無機イ
オン性物質を全く含まないことが好ましい。しかし、こ
れまでに知られている製造法では、紡糸過程において、
紡糸原液や凝固浴中に塩化カルシウム、塩化リチウム等
ポリマードープに対しても非常に親和性が高く、溶解し
やすい塩類をかなり高い濃度で含むことが必須であり、
そのために製造した繊維中に多量の塩類を含むことは避
けられない。そして繊維中に残存する塩類を取り除くに
は大規模な水洗工程を設ける必要があり、それでも繊維
の塩類を完全に取り除くことは不可能であった。
Further, the meta-aramid fiber is used as an electronic material because of its heat resistance and insulating property. However, in order to use it as an electronic material, it is required to reduce contamination of ionic substances as much as possible, and if possible, it is inorganic. It is preferable that no ionic substance is contained. However, in the manufacturing methods known so far, in the spinning process,
It has a very high affinity for polymer dopes such as calcium chloride and lithium chloride in the spinning dope and coagulation bath, and it is essential to contain salts that are easily soluble at a considerably high concentration.
Therefore, it is inevitable that the fiber produced contains a large amount of salts. Then, a large-scale water washing process must be provided to remove the salts remaining in the fibers, and even then it was impossible to completely remove the salts of the fibers.

【0012】このような問題を改善する手段として、特
開2001−303365号公報には、(ロ)と同方法
で得たメタフェニレンイソフタルアミドを主成分とする
メタ型全芳香族ポリアミドをアミド系溶媒に溶解してな
る、塩類を実質的に含まない重合体溶液を、アミド系溶
媒と水とからなり、かつ塩類を実質的に含まない凝固浴
中に吐出して多孔質の線状体として凝固せしめ、続い
て、これをアミド系溶媒の水性溶液からなる可塑延伸浴
中にて延伸し、水洗後、熱処理して塩類(無機イオン性
物質)が実質的に含まれていない緻密なメタ型全芳香族
ポリアミド繊維を製造する方法が提案されている。
As a means for improving such a problem, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 2001-303365 discloses a meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide containing metaphenylene isophthalamide as a main component, which is obtained by the same method as (b), in an amide system. Dissolved in a solvent, a polymer solution substantially free of salts is discharged as a porous linear body into a coagulation bath consisting of an amide solvent and water and substantially free of salts. Coagulate, then draw in a plastic drawing bath consisting of an aqueous solution of an amide solvent, wash with water, and heat-treat to obtain a dense meta type that does not substantially contain salts (inorganic ionic substances) Methods for producing wholly aromatic polyamide fibers have been proposed.

【0013】確かにこの方法は、塩類を実質的に含まな
いメタアラミド繊維を得る方法として優れてはいるもの
の、十分な配向および結晶化が行なわれていないためと
考えられ、十分な繊維物性が得られず、特に熱収縮安定
性に劣るものしか得られず、工業的生産方法としては有
用ではない。
Although this method is certainly an excellent method for obtaining meta-aramid fibers containing substantially no salts, it is considered that sufficient orientation and crystallization are not carried out, and sufficient fiber physical properties are obtained. However, only those having poor heat shrinkage stability can be obtained, which is not useful as an industrial production method.

【0014】このように、繊維物性を満足し、しかも塩
類を全く含まないメタアラミド繊維を、実質工業的生産
レベルで製造し得る方法は、未だ提案されていないのが
実状である。
As described above, the method for producing the meta-aramid fiber satisfying the physical properties of the fiber and containing no salt at a substantially industrial production level has not been proposed yet.

【0015】[0015]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明の主たる目的
は、力学特性、熱的性質の良好な塩類を含まないメタア
ラミド繊維を実質工業生産レベルにて有利に生産し得る
新規な方法を提供することにある。本発明の他の目的
は、実質的に塩類を含有しない緻密かつ熱収縮安定性に
優れるメタアラミド繊維を提供することにある。
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The main object of the present invention is to provide a novel method capable of advantageously producing salt-free meta-aramid fibers having good mechanical properties and thermal properties at a substantially industrial production level. It is in. Another object of the present invention is to provide a meta-aramid fiber which is substantially free of salts and which is excellent in heat shrinkage stability.

【0016】[0016]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記の本発明の主たる目
的は、メタフェニレンイソフタルアミド骨格を主成分と
するメタ型全芳香族ポリアミドがアミド系溶媒に溶解し
ているメタ型全芳香族ポリアミド重合体溶液を湿式紡糸
することによりメタ型全芳香族ポリアミド繊維を製造す
る方法において、(1)紡糸原液として塩類を実質的に
含まない重合体溶液を用い、これを紡糸口金からアミド
系溶媒と水とからなりかつ塩類を実質的に含まない凝固
浴中に吐出して、多孔質の線状体として凝固せしめ、
(2)水またはアミド系溶媒の水性溶液からなる可塑延
伸浴中にて第1段延伸し、(3)水またはアミド系溶媒
の水性溶液にて繊維中の含水率および含アミド系溶媒率
が下記(a)および(b)を満足するように調整した後
に温度100〜250℃で熱処理し、(4)次いで水ま
たはアミド系溶媒の水性溶液からなる可塑延伸浴中にて
第2段延伸し、(5)水またはアミド系溶媒の水性溶液
にて洗浄した後に温度100〜250℃で熱処理し、
(6)さらに温度270〜400℃で熱処理することを
特徴とする熱収縮安定性に優れたメタ型全芳香族ポリア
ミド繊維の製造法により達成できることが見いされた。 (a)0.1≦N/(P+N)≦0.3 (b)0.4≦W/(P+W)≦0.7 但し、P、N、Wは、それぞれ繊維中の含ポリマー重量
率、含アミド系溶媒重量率、含水重量率を表す。
Means for Solving the Problems The main object of the present invention is to provide a meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide polymer in which a meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide having a metaphenylene isophthalamide skeleton as a main component is dissolved in an amide solvent. In the method for producing a meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber by wet spinning a coalescing solution, (1) a polymer solution containing substantially no salts is used as a spinning stock solution, and the spinning solution is used to prepare an amide solvent and water. And is discharged into a coagulation bath substantially free of salts to coagulate as a porous linear body,
(2) First stage drawing in a plastic drawing bath consisting of an aqueous solution of water or an amide-based solvent, and (3) water content and amide-containing solvent ratio in the fiber with an aqueous solution of water or an amide-based solvent. After adjusting so as to satisfy the following (a) and (b), heat treatment is performed at a temperature of 100 to 250 ° C., (4) Second stage drawing is then performed in a plastic drawing bath consisting of an aqueous solution of water or an amide solvent. (5) After washing with water or an aqueous solution of an amide solvent, heat treatment at a temperature of 100 to 250 ° C.
(6) It has been found that this can be achieved by a method for producing a meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber having excellent heat shrinkage stability, which is characterized by further performing heat treatment at a temperature of 270 to 400 ° C. (A) 0.1 ≦ N / (P + N) ≦ 0.3 (b) 0.4 ≦ W / (P + W) ≦ 0.7 where P, N, and W are polymer-containing weight ratios in the fiber, The amide-containing solvent weight ratio and the water content weight ratio are shown.

【0017】また、本発明の別の目的は、上記の方法で
製造された、300℃乾熱収縮率が5%以下であること
を特徴とするメタ型全芳香族ポリアミド繊維により達成
できることが見いだされた。
Further, it has been found that another object of the present invention can be achieved by the meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber produced by the above-mentioned method and characterized by having a dry heat shrinkage ratio of 300 ° C. of 5% or less. It was

【0018】すなわち、本発明によれば、メタフェニレ
ンイソフタルアミド骨格を主成分とするメタ型全芳香族
ポリアミドがアミド系溶媒に溶解している重合体溶液を
湿式紡糸することによりメタ型全芳香族ポリアミド繊維
を製造する方法において、(1)紡糸原液として塩類を
実質的に含まない重合体溶液を用い、これを紡糸口金か
らアミド系溶媒と水とからなりかつ塩類を実質的に含ま
ない凝固浴中に吐出して、多孔質の線状体として凝固せ
しめ、(2)水またはアミド系溶媒の水性溶液からなる
可塑延伸浴中にて第1段延伸し、(3)水またはアミド
系溶媒の水性溶液にて繊維中の含水率および含アミド系
溶媒率を調整するが、その際下記(a)および(b)を
満足するように調整した後に温度100〜250℃で熱
処理し、(4)次いで水またはアミド系溶媒の水性溶液
からなる可塑延伸浴中にて第2段延伸し、(5)水また
はアミド系溶媒の水性溶液にて洗浄した後に温度100
〜250℃で熱処理し、(6)さらに温度270〜40
0℃で熱処理する。 (a)0.1≦N/(P+N)≦0.3 (b)0.4≦W/(P+W)≦0.7 但し、P、N、Wは、それぞれ繊維中の含ポリマー重量
率、含アミド系溶媒重量率、含水重量率を表す。
That is, according to the present invention, a polymer solution in which a meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide having a meta-phenylene isophthalamide skeleton as a main component is dissolved in an amide solvent is wet-spun to obtain a meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide. In the method for producing a polyamide fiber, (1) a coagulation bath containing a polymer solution substantially free of salts as a spinning stock solution, which comprises a spinneret and an amide solvent and water and does not substantially contain salts. It is then discharged into a solid state to be solidified as a porous linear body, and (2) first-stage stretched in a plastic stretching bath composed of an aqueous solution of water or an amide solvent, and (3) of a water or amide solvent. The water content and the amide-containing solvent content in the fiber are adjusted with an aqueous solution. At that time, the content is adjusted to satisfy the following (a) and (b), and then heat treatment is performed at a temperature of 100 to 250 ° C., (4) Next In the second stage stretching at plasticization drawing bath comprising water or an aqueous solution of an amide solvent, temperature 100 After washing with (5) water or an aqueous solution of an amide solvent
Heat treatment at ~ 250 ° C, (6) Further temperature 270-40
Heat treatment at 0 ° C. (A) 0.1 ≦ N / (P + N) ≦ 0.3 (b) 0.4 ≦ W / (P + W) ≦ 0.7 where P, N, and W are polymer-containing weight ratios in the fiber, The amide-containing solvent weight ratio and the water content weight ratio are shown.

【0019】この際、上記紡糸工程(1)において、凝
固浴をアミド系溶媒と水との組成が重量比にして20/
80〜70/30でありかつ温度20〜90℃の水性凝
固浴となし、上記可塑延伸工程(2)において、アミド
系溶媒と水の組成が重量比で20/80〜70/30で
あり温度が20〜90℃である延伸浴を用い、該浴中で
1.5倍〜10倍の範囲で延伸し、上記再可塑延伸工程
(4)において、アミド系溶媒と水の組成が重量比で0
/100〜40/60であり温度が20〜100℃であ
る延伸浴を用い、該浴中で1.0倍〜3倍の範囲で延伸
し、さらに、熱処理工程(6)において、270〜40
0℃の温度範囲で0.7倍〜4倍の延伸倍率において熱
処理することにより、特に良好な物性を有し塩類を実質
的に含まない緻密かつ熱収縮安定性に優れるメタ系アラ
ミド繊維を良好な生産性で製造することができる。
At this time, in the spinning step (1), the coagulation bath is composed of the amide solvent and water in a weight ratio of 20 /.
In the plastic stretching step (2), the composition of the amide solvent and water is 20/80 to 70/30 in weight ratio and the temperature is 80 to 70/30 and the temperature is 20 to 90 ° C. Of 20 to 90 ° C. is used, and stretching is performed in the bath in the range of 1.5 to 10 times, and in the re-plasticizing stretching step (4), the composition of the amide solvent and water is in a weight ratio. 0
/ 100 to 40/60 and a temperature of 20 to 100 [deg.] C. is used, and stretching is performed in the bath in a range of 1.0 to 3 times, and further, in the heat treatment step (6), 270 to 40.
By heat-treating at a draw ratio of 0.7 to 4 times in the temperature range of 0 ° C., a meta-aramid fiber having particularly good physical properties, substantially free of salts and excellent in heat shrinkage stability is excellent. Can be manufactured with high productivity.

【0020】そして、このような方法により、300℃
乾熱収縮率が5%以下であり、好ましくは繊維の密度が
1.2g/cm3より大(好ましくは1.3g/cm3
上)、繊維中の全無機イオン性物質の含有量が500p
pm以下、カルシウム濃度が100ppm以下、塩化物
の濃度が150ppm以下であるメタ型全芳香族ポリア
ミド繊維を容易に製造することができる。
Then, according to such a method, 300 ° C.
The dry heat shrinkage is 5% or less, preferably the fiber density is higher than 1.2 g / cm 3 (preferably 1.3 g / cm 3 or more), and the total inorganic ionic substance content in the fiber is 500 p.
A meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber having a pm or less, a calcium concentration of 100 ppm or less, and a chloride concentration of 150 ppm or less can be easily produced.

【0021】[0021]

【発明の実施の形態】本発明によれば、メタフェニレン
イソフタルアミド骨格を主成分とするメタ型全芳香族ポ
リアミドを含むアミド系溶媒からなる重合体溶液を湿式
紡糸することにより実質的に塩類を含まない緻密なメタ
型全芳香族ポリアミド繊維を製造する方法であって、以
下に詳述する特定の工程(1)、(2)、(3)、
(4)、(5)および(6)の工程を順次行うことによ
って、実質的に塩類を含まない緻密かつ熱安定性に優れ
るメタ型全芳香族ポリアミド繊維が製造される。
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION According to the present invention, substantially no salts are obtained by wet spinning a polymer solution containing an amide-based solvent containing a meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide having a meta-phenylene isophthalamide skeleton as a main component. A method for producing a dense meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber containing no specific steps (1), (2), (3),
By carrying out the steps (4), (5) and (6) in order, a meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber which is substantially free of salts and which is excellent in thermal stability is produced.

【0022】以下、順を追って、詳細に説明する。本発
明において使用されるメタ型全芳香族ポリアミドは、メ
タフェニレンイソフタルアミドを主骨格とするものであ
り、その製造方法は特に限定されず、例えば、メタ型芳
香族ジアミンと芳香族ジカルボン酸クロライドとを原料
とした溶液重合や界面重合等により製造することができ
る。
A detailed description will be given below step by step. The meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide used in the present invention has meta-phenylene isophthalamide as a main skeleton, and its production method is not particularly limited. For example, meta-type aromatic diamine and aromatic dicarboxylic acid chloride It can be produced by solution polymerization or interfacial polymerization using as a raw material.

【0023】かかる原料の一つであるメタ型芳香族ジア
ミンとしては、主として下記式で示されるジアミンが使
用される。
As the meta-type aromatic diamine which is one of the raw materials, diamines represented by the following formulas are mainly used.

【0024】[0024]

【化1】 [Chemical 1]

【0025】かかるメタ型芳香族ジアミンの具体例とし
ては、メタフェニレンジアミン、2,4−トリレンジア
ミン、2,6−トリレンジアミン、2,4−ジアミノク
ロルベンゼン、2,6−ジアミノクロルベンゼン等が挙
げられる。その他のメタ型芳香族ジアミンとしては、
3,4’−ジアミノジフェニルエーテル、3,4’−ジ
アミノジフェニルスルホン等が挙げられる。
Specific examples of such meta-type aromatic diamines include metaphenylenediamine, 2,4-tolylenediamine, 2,6-tolylenediamine, 2,4-diaminochlorobenzene and 2,6-diaminochlorobenzene. Etc. As other meta-type aromatic diamines,
3,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether, 3,4'-diaminodiphenyl sulfone and the like can be mentioned.

【0026】本発明では、なかでも、メタフェニレンジ
アミンまたはこれを主体とする混合ジアミンが好まし
い。メタフェニレンジアミンと併用する他の芳香族ジア
ミンとしては、上記のメタ型芳香族ジアミンのほかにパ
ラフェニレンジアミン、2,5−ジアミノクロルベンゼ
ン、2,5−ジアミノブロムベンゼン、アミノアニシジ
ン等のようなベンゼン誘導体、1,5−ナフチレンジア
ミン、4,4’−ジアミノジフェニルエーテル、4,
4’−ジアミノジフェニケトン、ビス(アミノフェニ
ル)フェニルアミン、ビス(パラアミノフェニル)メタ
ン等が用いられる。
In the present invention, metaphenylenediamine or a mixed diamine mainly containing this is preferred. Other aromatic diamines used in combination with meta-phenylenediamine include para-phenylenediamine, 2,5-diaminochlorobenzene, 2,5-diaminobromobenzene, aminoanisidine, etc. in addition to the above meta-type aromatic diamines. Benzene derivatives, 1,5-naphthylenediamine, 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether, 4,
4'-diaminodipheniketone, bis (aminophenyl) phenylamine, bis (paraaminophenyl) methane and the like are used.

【0027】溶解性の良い重合体が望まれる場合には、
このような他の芳香族ジアミンは全体の20モル%程度
まで使用可能であるが、高結晶性の重合体が望まれる場
合には、メタフェニレンジアミンが90モル%以上、特
に95モル%以上含まれることが好ましい。
When a polymer having good solubility is desired,
Such other aromatic diamines can be used up to about 20 mol% of the total amount, but when a highly crystalline polymer is desired, metaphenylenediamine is contained in an amount of 90 mol% or more, particularly 95 mol% or more. Preferably.

【0028】一方、本発明で使用する芳香族ジカルボン
酸クロライドは、イソフタル酸クロライドまたはこれを
主体とする芳香族ジカルボン酸クロライドである。イソ
フタル酸クロライドと併用し得る他の芳香族ジカルボン
酸クロライドとしては、テレフタル酸クロライド、1,
4−ナフタレンジカルボン酸クロライド、2,6−ナフ
タレンジカルボン酸クロライド、4,4’−ビフェニル
ジカルボン酸クロライド、5−クロルイソフタル酸クロ
ライド、5−メトキシイソフタル酸クロライド、ビス
(クロロカルボニルフェニル)エーテル等が挙げられ
る。
On the other hand, the aromatic dicarboxylic acid chloride used in the present invention is isophthalic acid chloride or an aromatic dicarboxylic acid chloride mainly containing it. Other aromatic dicarboxylic acid chlorides that can be used in combination with isophthalic acid chloride include terephthalic acid chloride, 1,
4-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid chloride, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid chloride, 4,4′-biphenyldicarboxylic acid chloride, 5-chloroisophthalic acid chloride, 5-methoxyisophthalic acid chloride, bis (chlorocarbonylphenyl) ether and the like can be mentioned. To be

【0029】本発明の実施に当たって、溶解性の良好な
重合体が望まれる場合は、これらの他の芳香族ジカルボ
ン酸の高率(20モル%程度まで)混合も可能である
が、高結晶性の重合体が望まれる場合は、イソフタル酸
クロライドが90モル%以上、特に95モル%以上含ま
れることが好ましい。
In the practice of the present invention, when a polymer having good solubility is desired, a high ratio (up to about 20 mol%) of these other aromatic dicarboxylic acids can be mixed, but high crystallinity is also possible. When the polymer (1) is desired, isophthalic acid chloride is preferably contained in an amount of 90 mol% or more, particularly 95 mol% or more.

【0030】上記のメタ型全芳香族ポリアミドの中で
も、全ポリマー繰返し単位の90〜100モル%がメタ
フェニレンイソフタルアミド単位である重合体であっ
て、塩類を実質的に含まないものが好適に使用される。
Among the above meta-type wholly aromatic polyamides, polymers in which 90 to 100 mol% of all polymer repeating units are metaphenylene isophthalamide units and which do not substantially contain salts are preferably used. To be done.

【0031】本発明においては、上記メタ型全芳香族ポ
リアミドがアミド系溶媒に溶解しており、かつ塩類(無
機イオン性物質)を実質的に含まない重合体溶液を、後
述する工程に供給する。かかる重合体溶液は、上記溶液
重合等で得られたメタ型全芳香族ポリアミドを含むアミ
ド系溶媒溶液から塩類を除去したものを用いてもよい
し、上記溶液重合、界面重合等で得られたメタ型全芳香
族ポリアミドを含む溶液から該メタ型全芳香族ポリアミ
ドを単離し、これをアミド系溶媒に溶解したものを用い
てもよい。ここで「塩類を実質的に含まない」とは、重
合体溶液中の塩類の合計量が0.1重量%未満であるこ
とを意味し、ごく少量の塩類が含有することは許容され
るが、その量は少なければ少ない方がよく0〜0.01
重量%であることが好ましい。
In the present invention, a polymer solution in which the above-mentioned meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide is dissolved in an amide solvent and which does not substantially contain salts (inorganic ionic substances) is supplied to the step described later. . The polymer solution may be obtained by removing salts from an amide solvent solution containing the meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide obtained by the solution polymerization or the like, or obtained by the solution polymerization or the interfacial polymerization. The meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide may be isolated from a solution containing the meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide and dissolved in an amide-based solvent. Here, "substantially free of salts" means that the total amount of salts in the polymer solution is less than 0.1% by weight, and it is acceptable that a very small amount of salts is contained. , The smaller the amount, the better 0-0.01
It is preferably in the weight%.

【0032】ここで用いられるアミド系溶媒としては、
N,N−ジメチルホルムアミド、N,N−ジメチルアセ
トアミド、N−メチル−2−ピロリドン、ジメチルイミ
ダゾリジノン等を例示することができるが、特に、溶液
重合から湿式紡糸工程に至るまでの重合体溶液の安定性
等から、N−メチル−2−ピロリドンが好ましい。
As the amide solvent used here,
Examples thereof include N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, and dimethylimidazolidinone, but in particular, polymer solution from solution polymerization to wet spinning step. N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone is preferable from the standpoint of stability and the like.

【0033】本発明において紡糸原液に用いる重合体溶
液は、水を含んでいてもよい。このような水は必要に応
じて添加することもあるが、溶液調製プロセスで必然的
に生成するものであってもかまわない。その濃度として
は、溶液が安定に存在する範囲であるならばいかなる濃
度でもかまわないが、例えばポリマー重量に対して0〜
60重量%の範囲で添加、含有されるのが通常好まし
く、特に15重量%以下であることが好ましい。これを
超える濃度では、ポリマー溶液の安定性が損なわれ、ポ
リマーの析出、ゲル化によって紡糸性が著しく損なわれ
ることがある。
The polymer solution used as the spinning dope in the present invention may contain water. Such water may be added as necessary, but it may be generated inevitably in the solution preparation process. The concentration may be any concentration as long as the solution is stably present, for example, 0 to the polymer weight.
It is usually preferable to add or contain it in the range of 60% by weight, particularly preferably 15% by weight or less. If the concentration exceeds this range, the stability of the polymer solution may be impaired, and the spinnability may be significantly impaired due to precipitation and gelation of the polymer.

【0034】本発明において、重合体溶液を凝固浴中に
吐出する場合、紡糸口金としては多ホールのものを用い
ることができる。実用上ホール数の上限は約50000
ホールであり、好ましくは300〜30000ホール、
特に3000〜10000ホールの紡糸口金が使用され
る。
In the present invention, when the polymer solution is discharged into the coagulation bath, a spinneret having a large number of holes can be used. Practically the maximum number of holes is about 50,000
Holes, preferably 300 to 30,000 holes,
In particular, spinnerets with 3000 to 10,000 holes are used.

【0035】本発明における凝固浴は、塩類を実質的に
含まず、アミド系溶媒と水(H2O)との2成分から実
質的になる水溶液で構成される。この凝固浴組成におい
て、アミド系溶媒としてはメタアラミドを溶解し、水と
良好に混和するものであれば好適に用いることができる
が、特に、N−メチル−2−ピロリドン、ジメチルアセ
トアミド、ジメチルホルムアミド、ジメチルイミダゾリ
ジノン等を好適に用いることができる。溶媒の回収等を
考慮すれば、紡糸原液中のアミド系溶媒と同じ種類のも
のを使用するのが好ましい。
The coagulation bath in the present invention is composed of an aqueous solution which is substantially free of salts and which consists essentially of two components, an amide solvent and water (H 2 O). In this coagulation bath composition, the amide-based solvent can be suitably used as long as it dissolves meta-aramid and is well miscible with water, but particularly N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, dimethylacetamide, dimethylformamide, Dimethylimidazolidinone and the like can be preferably used. Considering the recovery of the solvent and the like, it is preferable to use the same type of amide solvent as the spinning solution.

【0036】アミド系溶媒と水との最適な混合比は、重
合体溶液の条件によっても若干変化するが、凝固浴液中
のアミド系溶媒の濃度が40〜70重量%、特に50〜
65重量%の範囲であることが好ましい。アミド系溶媒
の濃度がこの範囲を下回る条件では、糸中に非常に大き
なボイドが生じやすくなり、その後の糸切れの原因とな
りやすい。一方、この範囲を上回る条件では、凝固が進
まず、糸条物同士の融着が起こりやすくなる。
The optimum mixing ratio of the amide-based solvent and water varies slightly depending on the conditions of the polymer solution, but the concentration of the amide-based solvent in the coagulation bath solution is 40 to 70% by weight, particularly 50 to
It is preferably in the range of 65% by weight. Under conditions where the concentration of the amide solvent falls below this range, very large voids are likely to occur in the yarn, which is likely to cause subsequent yarn breakage. On the other hand, under conditions exceeding this range, the solidification does not proceed, and the filaments are likely to fuse together.

【0037】凝固浴の温度は凝固液組成と密接な関係が
あるが、一般的には高温である方が、生成糸条物中にフ
ィンガーとよばれる粗大な気泡上の空孔ができ難くなる
ので好ましい。しかし凝固液濃度が高い場合には、あま
り高温にすると糸条物同士の融着が激しくなるので、凝
固浴の好適な温度は20〜90℃であり、より好ましく
は30〜80℃の範囲である。
The temperature of the coagulating bath is closely related to the composition of the coagulating liquid. Generally, it is preferable that the temperature is higher because it is more difficult to form coarse pores called fingers in the formed yarn on the bubbles. . However, when the concentration of the coagulating liquid is high, if the temperature is too high, the fusion of the yarns becomes severe, so that the suitable temperature of the coagulating bath is 20 to 90 ° C, more preferably 30 to 80 ° C. is there.

【0038】凝固液は、実質的にアミド系溶媒と水だけ
で構成されることが好ましいが、これ以外に塩類が少量
含まれていても差し支えない。特に、塩化カルシウム、
水酸化カルシウム等の塩類は、微量残存しているポリマ
ー溶液中から抽出されてくることがあるが、これは多孔
凝固に対して何らこれを阻害することはなく、例えば凝
固液に対し10重量%以下、特に1重量%以下の低濃度
であれば塩類が含まれていても問題はない。したがっ
て、塩類の好適濃度は凝固液に対し0〜10重量%の範
囲である。凝固浴中での糸条物の浸漬時間は0.1〜3
0秒が好ましい。浸漬時間が短かすぎると糸条物の形成
が不十分となり断糸が発生するおそれがある。
It is preferable that the coagulating liquid is substantially composed of only the amide solvent and water, but other than this, a small amount of salts may be contained. Especially calcium chloride,
Salts such as calcium hydroxide may be extracted from the polymer solution that remains in a trace amount, but this does not hinder the porous coagulation at all, and for example, 10% by weight relative to the coagulation liquid. Below, there is no problem even if salts are included, especially at a low concentration of 1% by weight or less. Therefore, the suitable concentration of the salt is in the range of 0 to 10% by weight with respect to the coagulating liquid. Immersion time of the thread in the coagulation bath is 0.1 to 3
0 seconds is preferred. If the dipping time is too short, the formation of filaments may be insufficient and thread breakage may occur.

【0039】本発明においては、上記多孔質の線状体と
して凝固させた糸条を、水またはアミド系溶媒の水性溶
液中で少なくとも2段階の可塑延伸を施す必要がある。
ここで用いられるアミド系溶媒としては、メタ型全芳香
族ポリアミドを膨潤させ、水と良好に混和するものであ
ればよいが、特にN−メチル−2−ピロリドン、ジメチ
ルアセトアミド、ジメチルホルムアミド、ジメチルイミ
ダゾリジノン等は好適に用いることができる。またさら
に好適には、凝固浴に用いたものと同じ溶媒を用いるこ
とが好ましい。凝固浴と同種の溶媒を用いれば、回収工
程が簡略化され、経済的に有益である。
In the present invention, it is necessary to subject the yarn solidified as the above-mentioned porous linear body to at least two stages of plastic drawing in water or an aqueous solution of an amide solvent.
The amide solvent used here may be one that swells the meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide and is well miscible with water, but particularly N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, dimethylacetamide, dimethylformamide, dimethylimidazo. Ridinone and the like can be preferably used. Still more preferably, it is preferable to use the same solvent as that used for the coagulation bath. The use of the same solvent as the coagulation bath simplifies the recovery process and is economically beneficial.

【0040】すなわち、重合体溶液、凝固浴および可塑
延伸浴中のアミド系溶媒はすべて同種のものを使用する
のが好ましく、かかる溶媒として、N−メチル−2−ピ
ロリドン、ジメチルアセトアミド、ジメチルホルムアミ
ドを単独で使用するかまたは2種以上を併用することが
好都合である。
That is, it is preferable to use the same kind of amide solvent in the polymer solution, the coagulation bath and the plastic stretching bath. As such a solvent, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, dimethylacetamide or dimethylformamide is used. It is convenient to use alone or in combination of two or more.

【0041】可塑延伸浴の組成と温度とはそれぞれ密接
な関係にあるが、まず第1段目の可塑延伸では、該可塑
延伸浴中のアミド系溶媒の濃度は20〜70重量%、温
度は20〜90℃の範囲が好適に用いられる。この範囲
より低い領域では可塑化が十分に進まず、十分な延伸倍
率をとることが困難であり、これを上回る範囲では糸の
表面が溶解して融着しやすく良好な紡糸が困難になるこ
とが多い。
The composition and temperature of the plastic stretching bath are closely related to each other. First, in the first stage plastic stretching, the concentration of the amide solvent in the plastic stretching bath is 20 to 70% by weight, and the temperature is A range of 20 to 90 ° C is preferably used. In a region lower than this range, plasticization does not proceed sufficiently and it is difficult to obtain a sufficient draw ratio, and in a range exceeding this range, the surface of the yarn is melted and easily fused to make good spinning difficult. There are many.

【0042】第1段目の可塑延伸は、通常1.5〜10
倍、好ましくは2〜10倍の倍率で延伸するが、特に
2.1〜6.0倍の倍率で延伸することがより好まし
い。このように高倍率に延伸をかけることにより、メタ
アラミド繊維の強度、弾性率が向上し良好な物性を示す
ようになると同時に、多孔構造の孔が引きつぶされ、可
塑延伸後に行われる熱処理による緻密化が良好に進行す
るようになる。但し、極端に高倍率に延伸した場合に
は、工程の調子が悪化して良好な製糸が困難になる。
The plastic stretching in the first stage is usually 1.5 to 10
Stretching is performed at a draw ratio of 2 times, preferably 2 to 10 times, and more preferably at a draw ratio of 2.1 to 6.0 times. By stretching at a high magnification in this way, the strength and elastic modulus of the meta-aramid fiber are improved and good physical properties are exhibited, and at the same time, the pores of the porous structure are collapsed and densified by the heat treatment performed after plastic stretching. Will progress satisfactorily. However, when drawn to an extremely high ratio, the tone of the process deteriorates and it becomes difficult to produce good yarn.

【0043】上記可塑延伸浴の工程を経た浴上がりの糸
条物は、水あるいはアミド系溶媒の水性溶液にて繊維中
の含水率および含アミド系溶媒率を調整するが、その
際、下記式(a)および(b)を満足するように調整す
る必要がある。 (a)0.1≦N/(P+N)≦0.3、好ましくは
0.15≦N/(P+N)≦0.25 (b)0.4≦W/(P+W)≦0.7、好ましくは
0.45≦W/(P+W)≦0.65 但し、P、N、Wは、それぞれ繊維中の含ポリマー重量
率、含アミド系溶媒重量率、含水重量率を表す。
The yarn content after bathing after the step of the plastic drawing bath is adjusted with water or an aqueous solution of an amide solvent to adjust the water content and the amide solvent content in the fiber. It is necessary to adjust so as to satisfy (a) and (b). (A) 0.1 ≦ N / (P + N) ≦ 0.3, preferably 0.15 ≦ N / (P + N) ≦ 0.25 (b) 0.4 ≦ W / (P + W) ≦ 0.7, preferably Is 0.45 ≦ W / (P + W) ≦ 0.65, where P, N and W represent the weight ratio of the polymer in the fiber, the weight ratio of the amide-containing solvent and the weight ratio of the water, respectively.

【0044】含水率および含アミド系溶媒率を上記範囲
に調整することにより、引続いて施される熱処理におい
て、該熱処理時のポリマーの流動性が適度に向上し、配
向は進むが結晶化は抑制されて、繊維の緻密化が促進さ
れるものと考えられる。
By adjusting the water content and the amide-containing solvent content within the above ranges, in the subsequent heat treatment, the fluidity of the polymer during the heat treatment is appropriately improved, the orientation proceeds but the crystallization does not occur. It is considered that this is suppressed and the densification of the fibers is promoted.

【0045】なお、含水率および含アミド系溶媒率を上
記範囲に調整する方法としては、第1段目の可塑延伸後
に10〜70℃の水浴あるいは10〜40℃のアミド系
溶媒/水の混合浴等を通過させ、浸漬長を糸掛けターン
数により調整するなどして容易に行なうことができる。
As a method for adjusting the water content and the amide-containing solvent content within the above ranges, a water bath at 10 to 70 ° C. or a mixture of amide solvent / water at 10 to 40 ° C. after the first stage plastic stretching is used. It can be easily performed by passing through a bath or the like and adjusting the dipping length by the number of threading turns.

【0046】このようにして、繊維中の含水率および含
アミド化合物溶媒率が調整された糸条は、加熱ローラ、
加熱板、熱風等によって一旦100〜250℃、好まし
くは100〜200℃の温度範囲にて熱処理される。こ
の100〜250℃の温度範囲での熱処理工程は、多孔
質の線状体のポリマーの配向および結晶化を促進せしめ
て、繊維の熱収縮安定性を発現させるために重要な工程
である。この熱処理温度が100℃未満であると、水や
アミド系溶媒の蒸発が著しく遅くなるため、生産性が低
下するばかりでなく、配向の促進も妨げられるので好ま
しくない。一方250℃を超えると、アミド系溶媒の分
解が一気に起こって繊維の着色が起こり好ましくない。
In this way, the yarn in which the water content and the amide-containing compound solvent content in the fiber have been adjusted is a heating roller,
Heat treatment is once performed in a temperature range of 100 to 250 ° C., preferably 100 to 200 ° C. with a heating plate, hot air or the like. This heat treatment step in the temperature range of 100 to 250 ° C. is an important step for promoting the orientation and crystallization of the polymer of the porous linear body and for expressing the heat shrinkage stability of the fiber. If the heat treatment temperature is lower than 100 ° C., the evaporation of water and the amide-based solvent is remarkably slowed down, which not only lowers the productivity but also hinders the promotion of orientation, which is not preferable. On the other hand, if the temperature exceeds 250 ° C., decomposition of the amide-based solvent occurs at once and the fibers are colored, which is not preferable.

【0047】なお、先述のN/(P+N)が0.1未満
であると、この熱処理時のポリマー流動性向上への効果
が不十分となり、繊維の緻密化が不十分となって良好な
繊維物性が得ることが困難になる。一方0.3を超える
と、熱処理時の結晶化が進みやすくなると同時に繊維の
密着も発生しやすくなるため、同じく良好な繊維物性を
得ることが困難になる。
If the above-mentioned N / (P + N) is less than 0.1, the effect of improving the fluidity of the polymer during the heat treatment becomes insufficient, and the densification of the fiber becomes insufficient, resulting in a good fiber. It becomes difficult to obtain the physical properties. On the other hand, if it exceeds 0.3, crystallization during heat treatment is likely to proceed, and at the same time, adhesion of fibers is likely to occur, so that it becomes difficult to obtain similarly good fiber physical properties.

【0048】また、W/(P+W)が0.4未満である
と、熱処理時にポリマーの流動性が低下して繊維の緻密
化が不十分となり、繊維物性の低下を招く懸念がある。
一方0.7を超えると、水の蒸発に時間がかかり生産性
およびエネルギー的に不利である。
On the other hand, if W / (P + W) is less than 0.4, the fluidity of the polymer is lowered during the heat treatment, the densification of the fiber becomes insufficient, and the physical properties of the fiber may be deteriorated.
On the other hand, when it exceeds 0.7, it takes time to evaporate water, which is disadvantageous in terms of productivity and energy.

【0049】本発明においては、上記のとおり第1段延
伸・熱処理された繊維を、さらに可塑延伸浴中で第2段
延伸をすることが、繊維物性をさらに良好なものにする
ため大切である。この第2段目の可塑延伸浴の組成と温
度も、第1段目の可塑延伸と同じく密接な関係にある
が、アミド系溶媒の濃度は低めの0〜40重量%、温度
は20〜100℃の範囲が好適に用いられる。アミド系
溶媒の濃度や温度が高くなりすぎると、繊維の配向が不
十分となって繊維物性が低下しやすいので好ましくな
い。
In the present invention, it is important that the fibers which have been subjected to the first stage drawing / heat treatment as described above are further subjected to the second stage drawing in a plastic drawing bath in order to further improve the physical properties of the fibers. . The composition and temperature of the second-stage plastic stretching bath are also closely related to those of the first-stage plastic stretching bath, but the concentration of the amide-based solvent is 0-40% by weight, and the temperature is 20-100. The range of ° C is preferably used. If the concentration or temperature of the amide-based solvent is too high, the orientation of the fibers becomes insufficient and the physical properties of the fibers tend to deteriorate, which is not preferable.

【0050】第2段目の可塑延伸においては、通常1倍
〜3倍、好ましくは1〜2倍の倍率で延伸するが、特に
1.0〜1.5倍の倍率で延伸することが好ましい。第
2段階目以後の延伸工程を加えることにより、メタアラ
ミド繊維の強度、弾性率がさらに向上し良好な物性を示
すようになる。
In the second-stage plastic stretching, stretching is usually carried out at a draw ratio of 1 to 3 times, preferably 1 to 2 times, and particularly preferably 1.0 to 1.5 times. . By adding the drawing process after the second stage, the strength and elastic modulus of the meta-aramid fiber are further improved and good physical properties are exhibited.

【0051】このように第2段目の可塑延伸された糸条
は、水またはアミド系溶媒の水性溶液でさらに洗浄した
後に、加熱ローラ、加熱板、熱風等によって一旦100
〜250℃、好ましくは100〜200℃の温度範囲に
て熱処理、好ましくは乾熱処理が施される。
The yarn thus plastically stretched in the second stage is further washed with water or an aqueous solution of an amide solvent and then once heated to 100 with a heating roller, a heating plate, hot air or the like.
Heat treatment, preferably dry heat treatment, is performed in a temperature range of 250 to 250 ° C, preferably 100 to 200 ° C.

【0052】続いて施される温度270〜400℃下の
熱処理は、その処理温度と繊維密度とには密接な関係が
あり、好ましくは300〜370℃の温度で処理する。
400℃を超える高温の処理では糸が激しく劣化し、着
色し、場合によっては断糸する場合がある。一方270
℃を下回る温度では十分に緻密化することができず、所
望の繊維物性を発現することが困難となる。なお、ここ
でいう処理温度は熱板、加熱ローラ等の加熱手段の設定
温度をいい、乾熱処理が特に好ましい。
The subsequent heat treatment at a temperature of 270 to 400 ° C. has a close relationship between the treatment temperature and the fiber density, and the temperature is preferably 300 to 370 ° C.
The treatment at a temperature higher than 400 ° C. causes the yarn to be severely deteriorated and colored, and in some cases, the yarn may be broken. Meanwhile, 270
If the temperature is lower than 0 ° C, it cannot be sufficiently densified, and it becomes difficult to develop desired fiber physical properties. The treatment temperature referred to here is a set temperature of heating means such as a hot plate and a heating roller, and dry heat treatment is particularly preferable.

【0053】このときの延伸倍率は、弾性率、強度の発
現に密接な関係を有し、必要に応じて任意の倍率をとる
ことができるが、通常、0.7〜3.0倍、特に1.0
〜2.7倍の範囲に設定することで、良好な熱延伸性
と、強度、弾性率の発現が得られる。なお、ここで延伸
倍率0.7倍とは糸条が熱処理によって処理前の原長の
30%収縮することを意味し、本発明の熱処理は処理時
に一定範囲内の制限収縮熱処理であっても差し支えない
ことを意味する。熱処理の延伸倍率は上述した可塑延伸
の倍率を考慮して選定するのが好ましく、糸条物の緻密
化と物性の発現、安定した製糸性の実現の観点から、可
塑延伸および熱延伸を含めた全延伸倍率が3.0〜12
倍となるようにすること、さらには2.5〜6倍となる
ように設定すること、がより好ましい。本発明によるメ
タアラミド繊維は、延伸性がよく、可塑延伸や熱延伸時
に断糸や毛羽の発生をともなうことなく円滑に高倍率ま
で延伸することができる。
The draw ratio at this time has a close relationship with the elastic modulus and the manifestation of strength, and can be any ratio as necessary, but it is usually 0.7 to 3.0 times, especially 1.0
By setting it in the range of up to 2.7 times, good thermal stretchability, strength and elastic modulus can be obtained. Here, the draw ratio of 0.7 times means that the yarn shrinks by 30% of the original length before the treatment by the heat treatment, and the heat treatment of the present invention may be a limited shrinkage heat treatment within a certain range during the treatment. It means that it does not matter. It is preferable to select the draw ratio of the heat treatment in consideration of the above-mentioned plastic draw ratio. From the viewpoints of densification of the yarn and development of physical properties, and stable yarn formability, plastic draw and hot draw are included. Total draw ratio is 3.0-12
It is more preferable to double the number, and further to set 2.5 to 6 times. The meta-aramid fiber according to the present invention has good stretchability, and can be smoothly stretched to a high ratio without causing breakage or fluff during plastic stretching or hot stretching.

【0054】さらに、このようにして製造された繊維
は、必要に応じて捲縮加工が施され、適当な繊維長に切
断され、紡績その他の次工程に提供される。
Further, the fiber thus produced is crimped if necessary, cut into an appropriate fiber length, and provided for spinning and other subsequent steps.

【0055】以上のごとき本発明によるメタ型全芳香族
ポリアミド(メタアラミド)繊維は、通常のメタアラミ
ド繊維と同様の緻密な構造を有し、300℃乾熱収縮率
が5%以下であり、かつ繊維の密度が1.2g/cm3
より大で、好ましくは1.3g/cm3以上で、良好な
繊維物性を備え、かつ繊維中の塩類の含有量が極めて小
さく、繊維中の塩類の量が無機イオン性物質の全含有量
にして500ppm以下、好ましくは300ppm以下
である。そして、好ましい態様では、繊維物性や耐熱
性、後加工性への悪影響が懸念される繊維中のカルシウ
ム濃度が0〜100ppmであり、また電気絶縁性等の
電気特性に悪影響を及ぼす繊維中の塩化物の濃度が0〜
150ppmであるという利点を有する。
The meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide (meta-aramid) fiber according to the present invention as described above has a dense structure similar to that of a normal meta-aramid fiber, and has a dry heat shrinkage of 5% or less at 300 ° C. Density of 1.2g / cm 3
It is larger, preferably 1.3 g / cm 3 or more, has good fiber physical properties, and the content of salts in the fiber is extremely small, and the amount of salts in the fiber is the total content of inorganic ionic substances. Is 500 ppm or less, preferably 300 ppm or less. Then, in a preferred embodiment, the calcium concentration in the fiber, which may adversely affect the physical properties of the fiber, the heat resistance, and the post-processability, is 0 to 100 ppm, and the chloride in the fiber that adversely affects the electrical properties such as the electrical insulation property. The concentration of the object is 0
It has the advantage of being 150 ppm.

【0056】以上のごとき本発明によるメタ型全芳香族
ポリアミド(メタアラミド)繊維は、その耐熱性、耐炎
性、力学特性を生かした各種の用途に応用することがで
き、特にイオン性物質の混入を嫌う用途には好適に用い
ることができる。例えば、単独あるいは他の繊維と組み
合わせ、織編物にして消防服、防護服等の耐熱耐炎衣
料、耐炎性の寝具、インテリア材料として有用であり、
特に不織布としてフィルター等各種工業材料、あるいは
合成紙、複合材料の原料として有効に使用することがで
きるほか、イオン性物質の含有量がきわめて少ないた
め、織編物、不織布、合成紙等として電気絶縁材料、電
子機器用部品、プリント配線基板等の分野で特に有効で
ある。
The meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide (meta-aramid) fiber according to the present invention as described above can be applied to various uses making good use of its heat resistance, flame resistance and mechanical properties. It can be preferably used for applications that are disliked. For example, it is useful alone or in combination with other fibers, as a woven or knitted fire-resistant clothing, heat-resistant and flame-resistant clothing such as protective clothing, flame-resistant bedding, and interior materials,
In particular, it can be effectively used as a non-woven fabric as various industrial materials such as filters, or as a raw material for synthetic papers and composite materials, and since it contains an extremely small amount of ionic substances, it is an electrically insulating material such as woven and knitted fabrics, non-woven fabrics and synthetic papers It is particularly effective in the fields of electronic device parts, printed wiring boards, and the like.

【0057】[0057]

【実施例】以下、実施例により、本発明をさらに具体的
に説明する。なお、実施例及び比較例中、還元粘度
(I.V.)は、重合体溶液から芳香族ポリアミドポリ
マーを単離して乾燥した後、濃硫酸中、ポリマー濃度1
00mg/100ml硫酸で30℃において測定した値
である。また、「部」及び「%」は特に断らない限りす
べて重量に基づくものであり、量比は特に断らない限り
重量比を示す。さらに、紡糸に用いる重合体溶液(紡糸
原液)における重合体濃度(PN濃度)は、全重量部に
対する重合体の重量%、すなわち{重合体/(重合体+
溶媒+その他)}100(%)である。
EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to examples. In Examples and Comparative Examples, the reduced viscosity (IV) was determined by isolating the aromatic polyamide polymer from the polymer solution and drying it, and then measuring the polymer concentration in the concentrated sulfuric acid at 1
It is a value measured at 30 ° C. with 00 mg / 100 ml sulfuric acid. Further, all "parts" and "%" are based on weight unless otherwise specified, and the quantitative ratio indicates a weight ratio unless otherwise specified. Furthermore, the polymer concentration (PN concentration) in the polymer solution (spinning solution) used for spinning is the weight% of the polymer based on the total weight parts, that is, {polymer / (polymer +
Solvent + other)} 100 (%).

【0058】また、凝固により得られた多孔質の線状体
の密度は、ASTM D2130にしたがって測定した
繊維径と繊度から算出した。
The density of the porous linear body obtained by coagulation was calculated from the fiber diameter and fineness measured according to ASTM D2130.

【0059】得られた繊維中の金属濃度は、アルカリ金
属については原子吸光法を用いて、その他の金属イオン
濃度はICPを用いて定量を行なった。また、塩化物の
濃度はドーマン微量電量滴定法により定量した。得られ
た繊維の300℃乾熱収縮率は、以下の方法により測定
した。すなわち、3300dtex(3000デニー
ル)のトウに98cN(100g)の荷重を吊るし、3
0cm離れた箇所に印をつける。荷重を除去後、トウを
300℃雰囲気下に15分間置いた後の印間長Lを測定
する。(30−L)/×100の値を300℃乾熱収縮
率(%)とした。
The metal concentration in the obtained fiber was quantified using an atomic absorption method for alkali metals and the other metal ion concentrations using ICP. The concentration of chloride was determined by the Doman microcoulometric titration method. The 300 ° C. dry heat shrinkage of the obtained fiber was measured by the following method. That is, a load of 98 cN (100 g) is hung on a tow of 3300 dtex (3000 denier) and 3
Mark the place 0 cm away. After removing the load, the tow length L is measured after the tow is placed in an atmosphere of 300 ° C. for 15 minutes. The value of (30−L) / × 100 was defined as the dry heat shrinkage rate (%) at 300 ° C.

【0060】第1段目可塑延伸した繊維の100〜25
0℃熱処理前の繊維中のポリマー重量率P、アミド系溶
媒重量率N、水分重量率Wは、以下の方法により測定し
た。100〜250℃熱処理前の繊維を遠心分離機(回
転数5000rpm)に10分かけ、このときの繊維重
量M1を測定する。この繊維をメタノール中で4時間煮
沸し、繊維中のアミド化合物溶媒および水を抽出し、抽
出後のメタノール溶液重量M2を測定する。抽出後繊維
を105℃雰囲気下で乾燥させ、乾燥後の繊維重量を測
定し、これをP1とする。抽出液中のアミド化合物溶媒
重量濃度C(%)を、ガスクロマトグラフにより求め
る。これらより、N1=M2×C/100、W1=M1
−P1−N1を算出し、ついで、次式よりP、N、Wを
算出する。 P=P1/(P1+N1+W1)×100 N=N1/(P1+N1+W1)×100 W=W1/(P1+N1+W1)×100
100 to 25 of the first stage plastically stretched fiber
The polymer weight ratio P, the amide solvent weight ratio N, and the water weight ratio W in the fiber before the 0 ° C. heat treatment were measured by the following methods. The fibers before heat treatment at 100 to 250 ° C. are placed in a centrifuge (rotation speed: 5000 rpm) for 10 minutes, and the fiber weight M1 at this time is measured. This fiber is boiled in methanol for 4 hours, the amide compound solvent and water in the fiber are extracted, and the weight M2 of the methanol solution after extraction is measured. The fiber after extraction is dried in an atmosphere of 105 ° C., and the weight of the fiber after drying is measured, and this is designated as P1. The amide compound solvent weight concentration C (%) in the extract is determined by gas chromatography. From these, N1 = M2 × C / 100, W1 = M1
-P1-N1 is calculated, and then P, N, and W are calculated from the following equations. P = P1 / (P1 + N1 + W1) × 100 N = N1 / (P1 + N1 + W1) × 100 W = W1 / (P1 + N1 + W1) × 100

【0061】[実施例1]特公昭47−10863号公
報記載の方法に準じた界面重合法により製造したI.
V.=1.9のポリメタフェニレンイソフタルアミド粉
末21.5重量部を、−10℃に冷却したN−メチル−
2−ピロリドン78.5重量部中に懸濁させ、スラリー
状にした後、60℃まで昇温して溶解させ、透明なポリ
マー溶液Aを得た。なお、上記ポリマー粉末の無機イオ
ン濃度は、Na:730ppm、K:8.8ppm、C
a:5ppm、Fe:2.3ppmであった。また、上
記ポリマー溶液のポリマー濃度は21.5%であった。
[Example 1] I.V. manufactured by the interfacial polymerization method according to the method described in JP-B-47-10863.
V. 21.5 parts by weight of polymetaphenylene isophthalamide powder having a ratio of 1.9 was cooled to −10 ° C. and N-methyl-
After suspending in 78.5 parts by weight of 2-pyrrolidone to form a slurry, the temperature was raised to 60 ° C. to dissolve it, and a transparent polymer solution A was obtained. The inorganic ion concentration of the polymer powder was Na: 730 ppm, K: 8.8 ppm, C
It was a: 5 ppm and Fe: 2.3 ppm. The polymer concentration of the polymer solution was 21.5%.

【0062】ポリマー溶液Aを紡糸原液として、孔径
0.07mm、孔数5000の紡糸口金より浴温度50
℃の凝固浴中に吐出して紡糸した。この凝固浴は、水/
NMP=40/60の組成の浴を用い、浸漬長(有効凝
固浴長)40cmにて糸速7m/分で通過させた後、い
ったん空気中に引き出した。
Using the polymer solution A as a spinning dope, a bath temperature of 50 was obtained from a spinneret having a hole diameter of 0.07 mm and a hole number of 5000.
The mixture was discharged into a coagulation bath at ℃ and spun. This coagulation bath is water /
Using a bath having a composition of NMP = 40/60, the yarn was passed through at a yarn speed of 7 m / min at an immersion length (effective coagulation bath length) of 40 cm, and then once drawn into the air.

【0063】引続き、可塑延伸浴中にて3.6倍の延伸
倍率で延伸を行った。この時の可塑延伸浴は、水/NM
P=40/60の組成の浴を用い、温度20℃であっ
た。延伸後、20℃の水浴に通した(浸漬長9.0
m)。このときN/(P+N)=0.20、W/(P+
W)=0.52であった。その後、表面温度120℃ロ
ーラーに巻き回して乾熱処理した。
Subsequently, stretching was performed in a plastic stretching bath at a stretching ratio of 3.6 times. The plastic stretching bath at this time is water / NM
A bath having a composition of P = 40/60 was used and the temperature was 20 ° C. After stretching, the film was passed through a water bath at 20 ° C. (immersion length 9.0
m). At this time, N / (P + N) = 0.20, W / (P +
W) = 0.52. Then, it was wound around a roller having a surface temperature of 120 ° C. for dry heat treatment.

【0064】続いて、第2段目の可塑延伸浴中にて1.
4倍の延伸倍率で延伸を行った。この時の可塑延伸浴
は、水/NMP=99/1の組成の浴を用い、温度90
℃であった。延伸後、90℃の水浴に通した(浸漬長
3.6m)。その後、表面温度120℃ローラーに巻き
回して乾熱処理し、引続き表面温度160℃ローラーに
巻き回して乾熱処理した。さらに表面温度330℃の熱
板で定長にて乾熱処理を施し、ポリメタフェニレンイソ
フタルアミド繊維を得た。
Then, in the second stage plastic stretching bath, 1.
Stretching was performed at a stretch ratio of 4 times. The plastic stretching bath used at this time was a bath having a composition of water / NMP = 99/1 and a temperature of 90.
It was ℃. After stretching, it was passed through a water bath at 90 ° C. (dipping length 3.6 m). After that, it was wound around a roller having a surface temperature of 120 ° C. for dry heat treatment, and subsequently wound around a roller having a surface temperature of 160 ° C. for dry heat treatment. Further, a dry heat treatment was performed with a constant length on a hot plate having a surface temperature of 330 ° C. to obtain polymetaphenylene isophthalamide fiber.

【0065】得られた繊維の力学的特性は、繊度2.2
2dtex(2.0de)、密度1.35g/cm3
引張強度4.30cN/dtex(4.88g/d
e)、伸度25.0%であり、良好な数値を示した。ま
た、300℃乾熱収縮率は4.5%であり、優れた熱収
縮安定性を示した。さらに繊維中のイオン濃度は、表1
に示すとおりであり、きわめて低い含量を示した。
The mechanical properties of the obtained fiber are as follows: Fineness: 2.2
2 dtex (2.0 de), density 1.35 g / cm 3 ,
Tensile strength 4.30 cN / dtex (4.88 g / d
e) and the elongation was 25.0%, which was a favorable value. Further, the dry heat shrinkage ratio at 300 ° C. was 4.5%, which showed excellent heat shrinkage stability. Furthermore, the ion concentration in the fiber is shown in Table 1.
And the content was extremely low.

【0066】[0066]

【表1】 [Table 1]

【0067】[実施例2、3および比較例1、2]実施
例1で用いたポリマー溶液Aを紡糸原液とし、孔径0.
07mm、孔数5000の紡糸口金より浴温度50℃の
凝固浴中に吐出して紡糸した。この凝固浴は、水/NM
P=40/60の組成の浴を用い、浸漬長(有効凝固浴
長)40cmにて糸速7m/分で通過させた後、いった
ん空気中に引き出した。
[Examples 2 and 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2] The polymer solution A used in Example 1 was used as the spinning dope, and the pore size was 0.
A spinning spinneret having a diameter of 07 mm and a hole number of 5000 was discharged into a coagulation bath having a bath temperature of 50 ° C. for spinning. This coagulation bath is water / NM
Using a bath having a composition of P = 40/60, the yarn was passed through at a yarn speed of 7 m / min at an immersion length (effective coagulation bath length) of 40 cm, and then once drawn into the air.

【0068】引続き、第1段目の可塑延伸浴中にて3.
6倍の延伸倍率で延伸を行った。この時の可塑延伸浴
は、水/NMP=40/60の組成の浴を用い、温度2
0℃であった。延伸後の水浴の温度と浸漬長を変更し
て、水洗後のN/(P+N)とW/(P+W)を変更す
る以外は実施例1と同条件で延伸して得たポリメタフェ
ニレンイソフタルアミド繊維の密度、引張強度、伸度、
300℃乾熱収縮率の値を表2に示す。
Subsequently, in the first stage plastic stretching bath, 3.
Stretching was performed at a stretch ratio of 6 times. At this time, the plastic stretching bath is a bath having a composition of water / NMP = 40/60, and the temperature is 2
It was 0 ° C. Polymethaphenylene isophthalamide obtained by stretching under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the temperature and immersion length of the water bath after stretching were changed to change N / (P + N) and W / (P + W) after washing with water. Fiber density, tensile strength, elongation,
Table 2 shows the values of the dry heat shrinkage at 300 ° C.

【0069】[0069]

【表2】 [Table 2]

【0070】[0070]

【発明の効果】本発明の方法によれば、力学特性、耐熱
性等が良好で、実質的に塩類を含まない緻密なメタ型全
芳香族ポリアミド繊維(特にポリメタフェニレンイソフ
タルアミド系繊維)を、実質工業的な生産性で製造する
ことができる。このような塩類を実質的に含まない、す
なわち無機イオン性物質の濃度が極限的に低いメタ型全
芳香族ポリアミド繊維は、耐熱性、難燃性、電気絶縁性
等のメタ型全芳香族ポリアミド繊維が本来もつ性質に加
えて、電気特性等に影響する実質的な量の無機イオンを
含まないため、電子用材料として用いる際に電気特性を
損なわない等の特性を有するので有効に使用することが
できる。
According to the method of the present invention, a dense meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber (particularly polymetaphenylene isophthalamide fiber) which has good mechanical properties, heat resistance, etc. and is substantially salt-free is obtained. It can be manufactured with substantially industrial productivity. The meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber which does not substantially contain such salts, that is, the concentration of the inorganic ionic substance is extremely low, is a meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber such as heat resistance, flame retardancy, and electrical insulation. In addition to the inherent properties of the fiber, since it does not contain a substantial amount of inorganic ions that affect the electrical properties, etc., it has the properties of not impairing the electrical properties when used as an electronic material, so it should be used effectively. You can

【0071】このように、本発明によるメタ型全芳香族
ポリアミド繊維は、その耐熱性、耐炎性、力学特性を生
かした各種の用途に応用することができ、特に無機イオ
ン性物質の混入を嫌う用途には特に好適に用いることが
できる。
As described above, the meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber according to the present invention can be applied to various uses making good use of its heat resistance, flame resistance and mechanical properties, and particularly dislikes the incorporation of inorganic ionic substances. It can be particularly preferably used for the purpose.

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き Fターム(参考) 4L035 BB03 BB06 BB07 BB16 BB17 BB89 BB91 EE01 EE14 FF01 MG04    ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    F-term (reference) 4L035 BB03 BB06 BB07 BB16 BB17                       BB89 BB91 EE01 EE14 FF01                       MG04

Claims (11)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 メタフェニレンイソフタルアミド骨格を
主成分とするメタ型全芳香族ポリアミドがアミド系溶媒
に溶解しているメタ型全芳香族ポリアミド重合体溶液を
湿式紡糸することによりメタ型全芳香族ポリアミド繊維
を製造する方法において、(1)紡糸原液として塩類を
実質的に含まない重合体溶液を用い、これを紡糸口金か
らアミド系溶媒と水とからなりかつ塩類を実質的に含ま
ない凝固浴中に吐出して、多孔質の線状体として凝固せ
しめ、(2)水またはアミド系溶媒の水性溶液からなる
可塑延伸浴中にて第1段延伸し、(3)水またはアミド
系溶媒の水性溶液にて繊維中の含水率および含アミド系
溶媒率が下記(a)および(b)を満足するように調整
した後に温度100〜250℃で熱処理し、(4)次い
で水またはアミド系溶媒の水性溶液からなる可塑延伸浴
中にて第2段延伸し、(5)水またはアミド系溶媒の水
性溶液にて洗浄した後に温度100〜250℃で熱処理
し、(6)さらに温度270〜400℃で熱処理するこ
とを特徴とする熱収縮安定性に優れたメタ型全芳香族ポ
リアミド繊維の製造法。 (a)0.1≦N/(P+N)≦0.3 (b)0.4≦W/(P+W)≦0.7 但し、P、N、Wは、それぞれ繊維中の含ポリマー重量
率、含アミド系溶媒重量率、含水重量率を表す。
1. A meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide polymer solution, in which a meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide having a meta-phenylene isophthalamide skeleton as a main component is dissolved in an amide solvent, is wet-spun to obtain a meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide. In the method for producing a polyamide fiber, (1) a coagulation bath containing a polymer solution substantially free of salts as a spinning stock solution, which comprises a spinneret and an amide solvent and water and does not substantially contain salts. It is then discharged into a solid state to be solidified as a porous linear body, and (2) first-stage stretched in a plastic stretching bath composed of an aqueous solution of water or an amide solvent, and (3) of a water or amide solvent. After the water content and the amide-containing solvent content in the fiber were adjusted with an aqueous solution so as to satisfy the following (a) and (b), heat treatment was performed at a temperature of 100 to 250 ° C., and (4) water or amide Second stage drawing in a plastic drawing bath consisting of an aqueous solution of a solvent, (5) washed with water or an aqueous solution of an amide solvent, then heat treated at a temperature of 100 to 250 ° C., (6) further at a temperature of 270 to 270. A method for producing a meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber having excellent heat shrinkage stability, which comprises heat treatment at 400 ° C. (A) 0.1 ≦ N / (P + N) ≦ 0.3 (b) 0.4 ≦ W / (P + W) ≦ 0.7 where P, N, and W are polymer-containing weight ratios in the fiber, The amide-containing solvent weight ratio and the water content weight ratio are shown.
【請求項2】 上記工程(1)において、凝固浴におけ
るアミド系溶媒と水の組成が重量比で40/60〜70
/30であり、凝固浴温度が20〜90℃である請求項
1記載のメタ型全芳香族ポリアミド繊維の製造法。
2. In the step (1), the composition of the amide solvent and water in the coagulation bath is 40/60 to 70 in weight ratio.
The method for producing a meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber according to claim 1, wherein the coagulation bath temperature is 20 to 90 ° C.
【請求項3】 上記工程(2)において、アミド系溶媒
と水の組成が重量比で20/80〜70/30であり温
度が20〜90℃である可塑延伸浴中で1.5倍〜10
倍の延伸倍率で延伸する請求項1または請求項2記載の
メタ型全芳香族ポリアミド繊維の製造法。
3. In the step (2), the weight ratio of the composition of the amide solvent and water is 20/80 to 70/30, and the temperature is 20 to 90 ° C. 10
The method for producing meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fibers according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fibers are drawn at a draw ratio of 2 times.
【請求項4】 上記工程(4)において、アミド系溶媒
と水の組成が重量比で0/100〜40/60、温度が
20〜100℃である可塑延伸浴中で1.0倍〜3倍の
延伸倍率で第2段延伸する請求項1〜請求項3のいずれ
かに記載のメタ型全芳香族ポリアミド繊維の製造法。
4. In the step (4), the weight ratio of the composition of the amide solvent and water is 0/100 to 40/60, and the temperature is 20 to 100 ° C. in the plastic stretching bath at 1.0 times to 3 times. The method for producing a meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second stage drawing is performed at a draw ratio of 2 times.
【請求項5】 上記工程(6)において、270〜40
0℃の温度範囲で0.7〜4倍の延伸下に熱処理する請
求項1〜請求項4のいずれかに記載のメタ型全芳香族ポ
リアミド繊維の製造法。
5. In the step (6), 270 to 40
The method for producing a meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the heat treatment is carried out in a temperature range of 0 ° C under a stretching of 0.7 to 4 times.
【請求項6】 重合体溶液、凝固浴および可塑延伸浴に
含まれるアミド系溶媒がN−メチル−2−ピロリドン、
ジメチルアセトアミドおよびジメチルホルムアミドから
なる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種で構成される請求項
1〜請求項5のいずれかに記載のメタ型全芳香族ポリア
ミド繊維の製造法。
6. The amide solvent contained in the polymer solution, the coagulation bath and the plastic stretching bath is N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone,
The method for producing a meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of dimethylacetamide and dimethylformamide.
【請求項7】 請求項1〜請求項6のいずれかに記載の
方法で製造されたメタ型全芳香族ポリアミド繊維であっ
て、300℃乾熱収縮率が5%以下であることを特徴と
するメタ型全芳香族ポリアミド繊維。
7. A meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber produced by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which has a dry heat shrinkage rate of 5% or less at 300 ° C. A meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber.
【請求項8】 繊維の密度が1.2g/cm3より大で
あり、かつ繊維中の全無機イオン性物質の含有量が50
0ppm以下である請求項7記載のメタ型全芳香族ポリ
アミド繊維。
8. The fiber has a density of more than 1.2 g / cm 3 and a total inorganic ionic substance content of 50.
The meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber according to claim 7, which is 0 ppm or less.
【請求項9】 繊維中のカルシウム濃度が100ppm
以下である請求項7または請求項8記載のメタ型全芳香
族ポリアミド繊維。
9. The calcium concentration in the fiber is 100 ppm.
The meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber according to claim 7, which is as follows:
【請求項10】 繊維中の塩化物の濃度が150ppm
以下である請求項7〜請求項9のいずれかに記載のメタ
型全芳香族ポリアミド繊維。
10. The concentration of chloride in the fiber is 150 ppm.
The meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber according to any one of claims 7 to 9, which is as follows.
【請求項11】 繊維の密度が1.3g/cm3以上で
あり、かつ繊維中の全無機イオン性物質の含有量が50
0ppm以下、カルシウム濃度が100ppm以下、塩
化物の濃度が150ppm以下である請求項7記載のメ
タ型全芳香族ポリアミド繊維。
11. The fiber has a density of 1.3 g / cm 3 or more and a total inorganic ionic substance content of 50.
The meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber according to claim 7, which has a concentration of 0 ppm or less, a calcium concentration of 100 ppm or less, and a chloride concentration of 150 ppm or less.
JP2002157129A 2002-05-30 2002-05-30 Method for producing meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber having excellent shrinkage stability Pending JP2003342832A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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Publication Number Publication Date
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ID=29773116

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007089008A1 (en) 2006-01-31 2007-08-09 Teijin Techno Products Limited Meta-type fully aromatic polyamide fiber having excellent high-temperature processability and method for production thereof
JP2010261123A (en) * 2009-05-07 2010-11-18 Teijin Techno Products Ltd Meta type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber
CN103233292A (en) * 2013-04-28 2013-08-07 圣欧芳纶(江苏)股份有限公司 Method for preparing meta-position aramid fibers
KR101473522B1 (en) * 2011-12-07 2014-12-17 코오롱인더스트리 주식회사 Aramid Fiber for Manufacturing Printed Circuit Board and Method for Manufacturing The Same

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007089008A1 (en) 2006-01-31 2007-08-09 Teijin Techno Products Limited Meta-type fully aromatic polyamide fiber having excellent high-temperature processability and method for production thereof
US8802233B2 (en) 2006-01-31 2014-08-12 Teijin Limited Meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber excellent in high-temperature processability, and method for producing the same
JP2010261123A (en) * 2009-05-07 2010-11-18 Teijin Techno Products Ltd Meta type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber
KR101473522B1 (en) * 2011-12-07 2014-12-17 코오롱인더스트리 주식회사 Aramid Fiber for Manufacturing Printed Circuit Board and Method for Manufacturing The Same
CN103233292A (en) * 2013-04-28 2013-08-07 圣欧芳纶(江苏)股份有限公司 Method for preparing meta-position aramid fibers

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