JP2002186395A - HORSESHOE MADE OF Al ALLOY EXCELLENT IN DURABILITY AND METHOD OF PRODUCING THE SAME - Google Patents

HORSESHOE MADE OF Al ALLOY EXCELLENT IN DURABILITY AND METHOD OF PRODUCING THE SAME

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Publication number
JP2002186395A
JP2002186395A JP2000389308A JP2000389308A JP2002186395A JP 2002186395 A JP2002186395 A JP 2002186395A JP 2000389308 A JP2000389308 A JP 2000389308A JP 2000389308 A JP2000389308 A JP 2000389308A JP 2002186395 A JP2002186395 A JP 2002186395A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
horseshoe
alloy
film
hard coating
plating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
JP2000389308A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Atsushi Kato
淳 加藤
Shigenobu Nanba
茂信 難波
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kobe Steel Ltd
Original Assignee
Kobe Steel Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kobe Steel Ltd filed Critical Kobe Steel Ltd
Priority to JP2000389308A priority Critical patent/JP2002186395A/en
Publication of JP2002186395A publication Critical patent/JP2002186395A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the durability of a horseshoe made of an Al alloy while keeping lightweight property of the horseshoe. SOLUTION: This horseshoe made of an Al alloy is characterized by forming a hard film having >=400 Hv Vickers hardness and containing a metallic material as an essential component on at least ground plane of the horseshoe.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、軽量でしかも耐久
性に優れた蹄鉄およびその製造方法に関するものであ
る。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a horseshoe which is lightweight and has excellent durability and a method for producing the same.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】蹄鉄は、古来より鉄で作られていたが、
競走馬等においてはより軽い蹄鉄のニーズが高まったこ
とと蹄自体の保護の観点から、鉄よりも軽いアルミニウ
ム(Al)合金製蹄鉄の使用が始まっている。これらの
Al合金製蹄鉄において、特に速く走ることを求められ
る競走馬用途では、軽量であることのみならず、衝撃を
吸収する機能も要求されている。すなわち、両方の利点
を有する蹄鉄によって、競走馬の走行能力を高めると共
に、馬の四肢に加わる衝撃を吸収して競走馬の寿命を延
ばすためである。
2. Description of the Related Art Horseshoes have been made of iron since ancient times,
BACKGROUND ART In racehorses and the like, the use of aluminum (Al) alloy horseshoes, which is lighter than iron, has begun from the viewpoint of the need for lighter horseshoes and the protection of the hooves themselves. In these horseshoes made of Al alloy, particularly for racehorse applications that are required to run fast, not only the lightweight but also the function of absorbing impact is required. That is, the horseshoe having both advantages enhances the running ability of the racehorse and absorbs the shock applied to the limb of the horse to extend the life of the racehorse.

【0003】ただし、Al合金製蹄鉄は、軽量であると
いう利点の反面、摩耗し易く、耐久性に劣るという問題
がある。こういった点で種々の検討がなされており、例
えば、特開平5−76263号では、本体がTiまたは
Ti合金からなり、溶融拡散硬化層を表面に有する蹄鉄
が開示されている。しかし、Ti合金はAl合金よりも
比重が重い上により硬いため、Al合金製蹄鉄に比べて
蹄を痛めやすいという問題が指摘されている。また、特
開平10−127219号では、Al合金製の蹄鉄の表
面に陽極酸化皮膜を形成した蹄鉄が開示されているが、
耐久性改善効果には限界があった。
[0003] However, the aluminum alloy horseshoe has the advantage of being lightweight, but has the problem of being easily worn and having poor durability. Various studies have been made in view of these points. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-76263 discloses a horseshoe whose main body is made of Ti or a Ti alloy and has a melt diffusion hardened layer on the surface. However, it has been pointed out that the Ti alloy has a higher specific gravity than the Al alloy and is harder, so that the hoof is more easily damaged than the Al alloy horseshoes. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-127219 discloses a horseshoe in which an anodized film is formed on the surface of an aluminum alloy horseshoe.
There was a limit to the durability improvement effect.

【0004】さらに、蹄鉄の耐久性・耐摩耗性が劣る場
合、蹄鉄の交換回数が多くなるが、馬の蹄は1月で1c
m程度しか伸びないため、蹄鉄の交換頻度が多いと蹄鉄
を固定するための釘の打ち込みによって蹄が割れてしま
うという問題があった。
Further, when the durability and abrasion resistance of the horseshoe are inferior, the number of times the horseshoe needs to be replaced increases, but the hoof of the horse is 1 c / month.
m, so that if the horseshoe is replaced frequently, there is a problem in that the hoof is broken by driving nails for fixing the horseshoe.

【0005】[0005]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】そこで本発明では、A
l合金製蹄鉄の軽量性を維持したまま、耐久性を向上さ
せることを課題として掲げ、このような蹄鉄を容易に製
造するための方法の提供も併せて課題とした。
Therefore, in the present invention, A
An object of the present invention is to improve durability while maintaining the lightness of a 1-alloy horseshoe, and also to provide a method for easily manufacturing such a horseshoe.

【0006】[0006]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決した本発
明のAl合金製蹄鉄は、少なくとも蹄鉄の接地面に、表
面硬度がビッカース硬度でHv400以上であり、金属
質を必須的に含む硬質皮膜が形成されているところに要
旨を有する。硬質皮膜の存在によって蹄鉄の寿命・耐久
性を向上させることができた。なお、蹄を痛めないため
には、蹄との接触面に上記硬質皮膜が形成されていない
構成の蹄鉄が好ましい。
The Al alloy horseshoe of the present invention, which has solved the above-mentioned problems, has a hard coating having a surface hardness of not less than Hv400 and a Vickers hardness of at least Hv on the grounding surface of the horseshoe. Has a gist where it is formed. The life and durability of the horseshoe could be improved by the presence of the hard coating. In order to prevent the hoof from being damaged, a horseshoe having a configuration in which the hard coating is not formed on the contact surface with the hoof is preferable.

【0007】上記硬質皮膜の金属質がNi基合金である
こと、さらに、この硬質皮膜中にセラミックス粒子が分
散状態で含有されていることは、本発明の好ましい実施
多様である。また、上記硬質皮膜の金属質はFe基合金
であってもよい。いずれも硬度発現に寄与する。
It is a preferred embodiment of the present invention that the metal material of the hard coating is a Ni-based alloy and that the hard coating contains ceramic particles in a dispersed state. Further, the metal material of the hard coating may be an Fe-based alloy. All contribute to hardness development.

【0008】本発明のAl合金製蹄鉄の好ましい製造方
法のその一は、蹄鉄表面に硬質皮膜を形成する前に、Z
n置換処理によってAl合金製蹄鉄表面にZnを置換析
出させ、次いで電気めっき法によって硬質皮膜を形成す
るものである。また、金属質としてFe基合金を含む硬
質皮膜の場合は、気相コーティングを用いて形成するこ
とが製造方法の採用が推奨される。
[0008] One of the preferred methods for producing the aluminum alloy horseshoes of the present invention is to form a Z film before forming a hard film on the horseshoe surface.
Zn is substituted and precipitated on the surface of the aluminum alloy horseshoe by the n-substitution treatment, and then a hard coating is formed by an electroplating method. In the case of a hard coating containing an Fe-based alloy as a metal, it is recommended to use a vapor-phase coating to adopt a manufacturing method.

【0009】[0009]

【発明の実施の形態】本発明者等は、軽量であり衝撃吸
収能に優れるというAl合金の利点を活かしながら、耐
久性を増す方法として、蹄鉄表面に硬質皮膜を施すこと
に思い至り、衝撃試験とブラスト試験とを種々の条件で
行って、競走馬に蹄鉄を装着した状況を模擬的に判断す
ることにより、最適の条件の硬質皮膜を見出した。
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present inventors have come up with the idea of applying a hard coating to the surface of a horseshoe as a method of increasing durability while taking advantage of the advantages of an aluminum alloy which is lightweight and excellent in shock absorption. A test and a blast test were performed under various conditions, and a situation in which horses were mounted on a racehorse was simulated to determine a hard coating under optimal conditions.

【0010】すなわち、硬質皮膜としては、金属質を含
み、表面硬度がビッカース硬度でHv400以上である
ことが必要である。表面硬度がHv400より小さい
と、耐久性改善効果が発現しない。より好ましくはHv
600以上、さらに好ましくはHv900以上である。
That is, it is necessary that the hard film contains a metal material and has a surface hardness of Vv400 or more in terms of Vickers hardness. When the surface hardness is smaller than Hv400, the effect of improving durability is not exhibited. More preferably Hv
It is 600 or more, more preferably Hv900 or more.

【0011】これらの硬質皮膜は、摩耗の激しい蹄鉄接
地面には必ず設ける必要があるが、蹄との接触面に設け
ると蹄を痛めることがあるため、蹄鉄と蹄が接する面に
は硬質皮膜を設けないことが好ましい。蹄鉄と蹄が接す
る面以外の蹄鉄表面の全てに硬質皮膜を設けてもよく、
蹄鉄の接地面のみに硬質皮膜を設けてもよい。硬質皮膜
を設けたくない部分には、硬質皮膜形成時にその部分を
マスキングする等すればよい。
[0011] These hard coatings must be provided on the ground surface of the horseshoe where wear is severe, but if provided on the contact surface with the hoof, the hoof may be damaged. Is preferably not provided. A hard coating may be provided on all of the horseshoe surface except the surface where the horseshoe and the hoof contact,
A hard coating may be provided only on the grounding surface of the horseshoe. For a portion where the hard film is not desired to be provided, the portion may be masked when the hard film is formed.

【0012】硬質皮膜の厚さとしては1μm以上が好ま
しい。これより薄いと、耐久性向上効果が発現しないこ
とがある。より好ましくは3μm以上、さらに好ましく
は5μm以上である。硬質皮膜は、その厚みが厚いほ
ど、蹄鉄の摩耗が抑制されるため好ましいが、硬質皮膜
の形成条件、基材(Al合金製蹄鉄)への密着性、蹄鉄
の交換頻度等を勘案すれば、100μmを超えて設けて
も、格別のメリットはない。
The thickness of the hard coating is preferably 1 μm or more. If the thickness is smaller than this, the effect of improving durability may not be exhibited. It is more preferably at least 3 μm, further preferably at least 5 μm. The hard coating is preferable because the thicker the thickness is, the more the wear of the horseshoe is suppressed. However, in consideration of the formation conditions of the hard coating, the adhesion to the base material (Al alloy horseshoe), the replacement frequency of the horseshoe, and the like, There is no particular merit even if it exceeds 100 μm.

【0013】硬質皮膜中に金属質が含まれていないと、
衝撃吸収能が低くなるため好ましくない。例えば、Al
合金の陽極酸化膜はほとんどがセラミックス質となるた
め、激しい衝撃に耐えられず膜にクラックが入って、早
期に蹄鉄表面から脱落してしまう。この点から、金属質
の量は硬質皮膜中20体積%以上が好ましく、50体積
%以上がより好ましい。
If the hard coating contains no metal,
It is not preferable because the shock absorbing ability is lowered. For example, Al
Since most of the anodic oxide film of the alloy is made of a ceramic material, it cannot withstand a severe impact, cracks the film, and falls off from the horseshoe surface early. From this viewpoint, the amount of the metal is preferably 20% by volume or more, more preferably 50% by volume or more in the hard coating.

【0014】金属質の具体例としては、硬質皮膜が本発
明で規定するビッカース硬度を満足すれば特に限定され
ないが、硬度および摩耗性に優れる金属として、Cr単
独、Co−P合金の他、Ni−P、Ni−B、Ni−C
o−P、Ni−Cu−P、Ni−W−P、Ni−W−B
等のNi系合金が好ましいものとして挙げられる。Ni
単独では硬度が小さいが、P、B、W等の合金成分の添
加によって、硬度および摩耗性が向上するからである。
さらに、Fe−P、Fe−Ni−Cr、Fe−Ni−M
o−Cr等のFe基合金も好ましいものとして挙げられ
る。この場合もFe単独では硬度が小さいため好ましく
ないが、P、Ni、Cr、Mo等の添加で硬度が発現す
る。Feは70質量%以上含まれていることが好まし
い。
Specific examples of the metallic material are not particularly limited as long as the hard coating satisfies the Vickers hardness specified in the present invention. As the metal having excellent hardness and abrasion, Cr alone, Co-P alloy, Ni -P, Ni-B, Ni-C
o-P, Ni-Cu-P, Ni-WP, Ni-WB
And the like are preferable. Ni
This is because the hardness alone is small, but the addition of alloy components such as P, B, and W improves the hardness and abrasion.
Further, Fe-P, Fe-Ni-Cr, Fe-Ni-M
Fe-based alloys such as o-Cr are also preferred. In this case as well, Fe alone is not preferable because of its low hardness, but hardness is exhibited by addition of P, Ni, Cr, Mo and the like. It is preferable that Fe is contained in an amount of 70% by mass or more.

【0015】上記のうち、Niを主体とするNi基合金
の皮膜は優れた性能を示し、Ni−PあるいはNi−B
が特に好ましい。なお、この場合のNi基合金とは、7
0質量%以上がNiである合金をいう。また、これらの
Ni基合金または前記Ni系合金中に、SiC、Al2
3、BN等のセラミックス微粒子を分散させると、土
砂等に対する耐摩耗性がより一層向上するため、耐摩耗
性が特に要求されるような蹄鉄の場合に推奨される。セ
ラミックス微粒子の大きさとしては特に限定されない
が、形成する硬質皮膜厚よりも大きくならないように調
整することが好ましく、大体1〜5μmのものを用いる
とよい。分散量の目安は1〜10質量%が好ましい。
[0015] Of the above, the film of a Ni-based alloy mainly composed of Ni exhibits excellent performance, and is composed of Ni-P or Ni-B.
Is particularly preferred. In this case, the Ni-based alloy is 7
An alloy in which 0% by mass or more is Ni. Further, in these Ni-based alloys or the Ni-based alloys, SiC, Al 2
When ceramic fine particles such as O 3 and BN are dispersed, the wear resistance against earth and sand is further improved. Therefore, it is recommended in the case of a horseshoe that particularly requires wear resistance. The size of the ceramic fine particles is not particularly limited, but is preferably adjusted so as not to be larger than the thickness of the hard film to be formed, and a size of about 1 to 5 μm is preferably used. The standard of the amount of dispersion is preferably 1 to 10% by mass.

【0016】Cr単独皮膜は電気めっき法で、Co−P
合金、Ni基またはNi系合金の皮膜は、電気めっき法
あるいは無電解めっき法等で形成することが好ましい。
10μm以上の厚い硬質皮膜を形成する場合は、成膜速
度の速い電気めっき法が特に好適である。また、セラミ
ックス微粒子を分散させる場合には、めっき浴中にセラ
ミックス微粒子を例えば界面活性剤と共に分散させてめ
っきを行う、いわゆる分散めっき法を採用すればよい。
The Cr-only film is formed by electroplating, and is made of Co-P
The alloy, Ni-based or Ni-based alloy film is preferably formed by an electroplating method or an electroless plating method.
In the case of forming a hard coating having a thickness of 10 μm or more, an electroplating method having a high film forming rate is particularly suitable. In the case of dispersing the ceramic fine particles, a so-called dispersion plating method in which the ceramic fine particles are dispersed in a plating bath together with, for example, a surfactant to perform plating may be employed.

【0017】電気めっき法は、所望の組成のめっき浴に
被処理材を浸漬し、被処理材にマイナス電極を、対極に
プラス電極を接続し、5〜30A/dm2程度の電流を
流して成膜する。浴温としては40〜70℃が標準的で
ある。他の条件が同じであれば、膜厚は処理時間で制御
できる。分散めっきを行う場合には、めっき浴中にセラ
ミックス微粒子と界面活性剤を投入し、よく撹拌しなが
らめっきを行う。めっき膜(硬質皮膜)中に含まれてい
るセラミックス粒子の量は、めっき膜をサンプリングし
て、硝酸等の適当な酸でめっき金属のみを溶解し、溶解
液を濾過することによってセラミックス粒子量が把握で
きるので、めっき金属溶解分とセラミックス粒子分の質
量比を算出することができる。
In the electroplating method, a material to be treated is immersed in a plating bath having a desired composition, a minus electrode is connected to the material to be treated, and a plus electrode is connected to a counter electrode, and a current of about 5 to 30 A / dm 2 is passed. Form a film. The bath temperature is typically 40-70 ° C. If other conditions are the same, the film thickness can be controlled by the processing time. When performing dispersion plating, ceramic fine particles and a surfactant are put into a plating bath, and plating is performed with good stirring. The amount of ceramic particles contained in the plating film (hard film) is determined by sampling the plating film, dissolving only the plating metal with an appropriate acid such as nitric acid, and filtering the solution to reduce the amount of ceramic particles. Since it can be grasped, it is possible to calculate the mass ratio of the dissolved amount of the plating metal to the ceramic particles.

【0018】無電解めっき法は、所望の組成のめっき浴
に被処理材を浸漬して放置することで行える。浴温とし
ては50〜90℃が一般的である。軽く撹拌しながら1
〜3時間程度浸漬すればよく、めっき厚は浸漬時間で制
御可能である。
The electroless plating method can be performed by immersing the material to be treated in a plating bath having a desired composition and leaving it to stand. The bath temperature is generally from 50 to 90C. 1 with light stirring
The immersion may be performed for about 3 hours, and the plating thickness can be controlled by the immersion time.

【0019】また、めっきの際には、前処理を行ってお
くことが好ましい。Al合金に対するめっき膜の密着性
が良好になって、耐衝撃性、耐久性が向上するためであ
る。前処理としては、陽極酸化処理やZn置換処理が挙
げられる。特にZn置換処理が好ましい。陽極酸化処理
では、衝撃が加わった場合に、薄い陽極酸化層が破壊さ
れるためか、Zn置換処理の場合程の優れた耐久性向上
効果は認められないが、もちろん陽極酸化処理を行って
も構わない。
Further, it is preferable to perform a pretreatment before plating. This is because the adhesion of the plating film to the Al alloy is improved, and the impact resistance and durability are improved. Examples of the pretreatment include anodic oxidation treatment and Zn substitution treatment. Particularly, a Zn substitution treatment is preferable. In the anodic oxidation treatment, because the thin anodic oxide layer is destroyed when impact is applied, the effect of improving durability as excellent as that of the Zn substitution treatment is not recognized, but of course, even if the anodic oxidation treatment is performed I do not care.

【0020】陽極酸化処理は、硫酸等の酸水溶液中に被
処理材を浸漬し、被処理材をプラス電極に接続して20
〜100V程度の電圧をかけることによって、陽極酸化
膜を成長させる方法である。皮膜厚さは処理時間で制御
することができる。めっき前処理として行う場合は、燐
酸溶液を用い、80〜120V程度の電圧で1μm以下
の薄い酸化膜を形成することが好ましい。
In the anodic oxidation treatment, the material to be treated is immersed in an aqueous solution of an acid such as sulfuric acid, and the material to be treated is connected to a positive electrode.
In this method, an anodic oxide film is grown by applying a voltage of about 100 V. The film thickness can be controlled by the processing time. In the case of performing the plating pretreatment, it is preferable to form a thin oxide film of 1 μm or less at a voltage of about 80 to 120 V using a phosphoric acid solution.

【0021】一方、Zn置換処理は、Znを含有する処
理液中(Zn置換処理液)に被処理材を浸漬することに
よって、その表面に薄いZn膜を形成する方法である。
浴温は20℃前後、反応時間は通常60秒以内である。
なお、Zn置換下地処理を行った後に、前記した金属あ
るいは合金皮膜を電気めっきで形成する場合は、電気N
iめっき層を中間層として形成することが好ましい。Z
n置換下地処理後にこれらの皮膜を直接電気めっきで形
成すると、めっき浴のpHが低い場合に、Zn置換膜が
めっき浴中で溶解してしまうことがあるためである。電
気Niめっき浴はpH5〜6程度なので、これによりZ
n置換膜が保持される。
On the other hand, the Zn substitution treatment is a method of forming a thin Zn film on the surface by immersing a material to be treated in a treatment liquid containing Zn (Zn substitution treatment liquid).
The bath temperature is around 20 ° C., and the reaction time is usually within 60 seconds.
In the case where the above-mentioned metal or alloy film is formed by electroplating after performing the Zn substitution base treatment, the electric N
It is preferable to form the i-plated layer as an intermediate layer. Z
This is because, when these films are formed directly by electroplating after the n-substitution base treatment, the Zn-substitution film may be dissolved in the plating bath when the pH of the plating bath is low. Since the pH of the electric Ni plating bath is about 5 to 6,
The n-substitution film is retained.

【0022】本発明の硬質皮膜には、前記したようにF
e基合金も好ましく用いられる。Fe基合金も電気めっ
き等で形成することができる。また、Fe基合金の気相
コーティング法による皮膜は、より硬度が高く、靭性も
備えていて、優れた耐久性を示すため好ましい。気相コ
ーティング法は被処理材の温度上昇を伴うため、融点が
低く、調質処理が施されることの多いAl合金への適用
に際しては、気相コーティングの際の温度管理に留意す
る必要があるが、Fe系膜は200℃以下の低温で成膜
しても、十分な硬度、靭性、密着性が得られることか
ら、気相コーティング法に好適である。
As described above, the hard coating of the present invention
An e-base alloy is also preferably used. An Fe-based alloy can also be formed by electroplating or the like. Further, a film formed by vapor-phase coating of an Fe-based alloy is preferable because it has higher hardness and toughness and exhibits excellent durability. Since the vapor-phase coating method involves an increase in the temperature of the material to be processed, it is necessary to pay attention to the temperature control during vapor-phase coating when applying to Al alloys that have a low melting point and are often subjected to tempering treatment. However, even if the Fe-based film is formed at a low temperature of 200 ° C. or less, sufficient hardness, toughness, and adhesion can be obtained, so that the Fe-based film is suitable for a vapor-phase coating method.

【0023】気相コーティング法としては、スパッタリ
ング等の公知の方法が使用可能である。特に、アークイ
オンプレーティング法が好ましい。アークイオンプレー
ティング法は、次のような方法で行う。まず被処理材と
所望の成分のターゲット材をチャンバー内にセットし、
適切な圧力まで真空排気した後に、必要に応じて窒素等
の反応性ガスを導入して、1×10-1〜7×10-3Pa
程度の真空に維持する。その後、被処理材に5〜200
Vのバイアス電圧をかけ、アーク電流を60〜200A
程度として、ターゲット表面でアーク放電を発生させ
て、ターゲット材料を蒸発・飛散させる。これにより、
ターゲット材料がプラズマ化した窒素等と反応しなが
ら、被処理材表面に堆積・成膜される。
As the vapor phase coating method, a known method such as sputtering can be used. In particular, the arc ion plating method is preferable. The arc ion plating method is performed by the following method. First, a target material and a target material of a desired component are set in a chamber,
After evacuating to an appropriate pressure, if necessary, a reactive gas such as nitrogen is introduced, and 1 × 10 −1 to 7 × 10 −3 Pa
Maintain a moderate vacuum. Then, the material to be treated is 5-200
V bias voltage, arc current 60-200A
As a degree, an arc discharge is generated on the target surface to evaporate and scatter the target material. This allows
The target material is deposited and formed on the surface of the material to be processed while reacting with nitrogen or the like that has been turned into plasma.

【0024】本発明のAl合金製蹄鉄は、上記した硬質
皮膜が少なくとも蹄鉄の接地面に形成されていればよ
く、Al合金の組成は特に限定されない。A2014、
A2017、A4032、A5052、A5056、A
6063、A7075、AC4C、AC8C、ADC1
2等が代表的なものとして挙げられる。中でも、硬質な
A7075やA2014が特に好ましい。これらのAl
合金を用いて蹄鉄を形成した後、上記した膜形成方法で
硬質皮膜を形成すれば本発明のAl合金製蹄鉄が得られ
る。
The aluminum alloy horseshoe of the present invention only needs to have the above-mentioned hard film formed on at least the grounding surface of the horseshoe, and the composition of the Al alloy is not particularly limited. A2014,
A2017, A4032, A5052, A5056, A
6063, A7075, AC4C, AC8C, ADC1
2 etc. are mentioned as a typical thing. Among them, hard A7075 and A2014 are particularly preferable. These Al
After the horseshoe is formed using the alloy, a hard film is formed by the above-described film forming method, whereby the aluminum alloy horseshoe of the present invention can be obtained.

【0025】なお、Al合金製蹄鉄の耐久性を高めるた
め、蹄鉄の先端部近傍に、例えば鋼性の爪状物を埋め込
む手法が知られているが、本発明ではこのような耐久性
向上策を併用することを排除するものではない。
In order to enhance the durability of the aluminum alloy horseshoes, a method of embedding, for example, a steel claw in the vicinity of the tip of the horseshoe is known. Does not exclude the use of

【0026】[0026]

【実施例】以下実施例によって本発明をさらに詳述する
が、下記実施例は本発明を制限するものではなく、本発
明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で変更実施することは全て本
発明に含まれる。
EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples. However, the following examples do not limit the present invention, and all modifications and alterations without departing from the spirit of the present invention are included in the present invention. .

【0027】実施例 各種硬質皮膜の性能を検討するために、Al合金とし
て、AC8C製の板材(30mm×40mm×10mm
t)に、表1および以下に示す前処理および成膜方法
で、各種皮膜を形成した。なお、Zn置換処理後に電気
めっきを行って各種皮膜を形成したものは、Zn置換処
理後に予めNi電気めっきでNi中間層を形成し、その
後各種皮膜を形成した。
EXAMPLES In order to examine the performance of various hard films, a plate material (30 mm × 40 mm × 10 mm) made of AC8C was used as an Al alloy.
In t ), various films were formed by the pretreatment and film forming methods shown in Table 1 and below. In the case of forming various films by performing electroplating after the Zn substitution treatment, a Ni intermediate layer was previously formed by Ni electroplating after the Zn substitution treatment, and then various films were formed.

【0028】得られた皮膜に対し、蹄と地面との衝突や
摩耗によるダメージを模擬的に調べるために、以下のス
テップ1と2を交互に10回繰り返し、初期質量からの
減少量(g)を測定した。評価結果を表1に示す。な
お、No.22は、Al合金そのままの比較例である。 ステップ1:先端径R5mmのポンチを供試材上に置
き、質量5kgの錘を上部50cmの高さからポンチ上
に自然落下させる。 ステップ2:ショットブラストで供試材表面を3分間研
磨。研削粉としてアルミナ#100を用い、エア圧は
4.9×10-3Paとした。
The following steps 1 and 2 were alternately repeated 10 times to simulate the damage of the obtained film due to the collision between the hoof and the ground and the abrasion, and the amount of reduction (g) from the initial mass. Was measured. Table 1 shows the evaluation results. In addition, No. 22 is a comparative example of the Al alloy as it is. Step 1: A punch having a tip diameter of R5 mm is placed on the test material, and a weight having a weight of 5 kg is naturally dropped on the punch from a height of 50 cm above. Step 2: Polish the surface of the test material by shot blasting for 3 minutes. Alumina # 100 was used as the grinding powder, and the air pressure was 4.9 × 10 −3 Pa.

【0029】<成膜方法>Ni−P電気めっき(No.
1〜6,10,12〜13、18)は、市販のNi−P
めっき浴を利用して、浴温50〜70℃、電流密度5〜
30A/dm2で行った。No.12では、平均粒径2
〜3μmのAl23を、めっき層中に3質量%含まれる
ように分散させてめっきした。また、No.13では、
平均粒径2〜3μmのSiC(めっき層中に5質量%)
と、平均粒径3〜5μmのBN(めっき層中に2質量
%)を分散させてめっきした。各めっき層中のP量は約
3質量%であった。
<Film Forming Method> Ni-P electroplating (No.
1 to 6, 10, 12 to 13 and 18) are commercially available Ni-P
Using plating bath, bath temperature 50 ~ 70 ℃, current density 5 ~
The test was performed at 30 A / dm 2 . No. In No. 12, the average particle size is 2
33 μm of Al 2 O 3 was dispersed and plated so as to contain 3% by mass of the plating layer. In addition, No. In 13,
SiC with an average particle size of 2-3 μm (5% by mass in the plating layer)
And BN having an average particle size of 3 to 5 μm (2% by mass in the plating layer) was dispersed and plated. The amount of P in each plating layer was about 3% by mass.

【0030】Cr電気めっき(No.8)は、サージェ
ント浴で、浴温45〜55℃、電流密度30〜60A/
dm2で行った。
Cr electroplating (No. 8) is a Sargent bath with a bath temperature of 45 to 55 ° C. and a current density of 30 to 60 A /
dm 2 .

【0031】Ni−B電気めっき(No.11)は、ト
リメチルアミンボラン浴で、浴温50〜60℃、電流密
度2〜8A/dm2で行った。めっき層中のB量は2〜
4質量%であった。
Ni-B electroplating (No. 11) was performed in a trimethylamine borane bath at a bath temperature of 50 to 60 ° C. and a current density of 2 to 8 A / dm 2 . The amount of B in the plating layer is 2 to
It was 4% by mass.

【0032】Fe−P電気めっき(No.14,15)
は硫酸浴で、浴温50〜70℃、電流密度5〜10A/
dm2で行った。めっき層中のP量は約2質量%であっ
た。
Fe-P electroplating (Nos. 14, 15)
Is a sulfuric acid bath, with a bath temperature of 50 to 70 ° C. and a current density of 5 to 10 A /
dm 2 . The amount of P in the plating layer was about 2% by mass.

【0033】Ni電気めっき(No.19)は、ワット
浴で、45〜60℃、2〜10A/dm2で行った。
The Ni electroplating (No. 19) was performed in a watt bath at 45 to 60 ° C. and 2 to 10 A / dm 2 .

【0034】Ni−B無電解めっき(No.7)は、ジ
メチルアミノボラン浴で、浴温50〜80℃、pH6〜
8で行った。めっき層中のBの量は4質量%であった。
Ni-B electroless plating (No. 7) is a dimethylaminoborane bath with a bath temperature of 50 to 80 ° C. and a pH of 6 to
8 was performed. The amount of B in the plating layer was 4% by mass.

【0035】Ni−Cu−P無電解めっき(No.9)
は、市販浴を用い、浴温80℃、pH8.7〜9で行っ
た。めっき層中のCuの量は50〜53質量%、Pの量
は4〜7質量%であった。
Ni-Cu-P electroless plating (No. 9)
Was performed at a bath temperature of 80 ° C. and a pH of 8.7 to 9 using a commercially available bath. The amount of Cu in the plating layer was 50 to 53% by mass, and the amount of P was 4 to 7% by mass.

【0036】イオンプレーティング(No.16,1
7,21)は次の条件で行った。ガス導入前真空度は1
×10-1〜7×10-3Paで、スパッタクリーニングを
−500〜−800Vで2分間、間欠的に行い、窒素ガ
スを導入して、13〜52mPa(10〜40mTor
r)とする。成膜前の基材温度100〜150℃で、成
膜時のカソード電流60〜150A、バイアス電圧−3
5〜−60Vで成膜した。No.16の皮膜組成は、F
e−8Ni−18Cr(SUS304組成;質量%)で
あり、一部のFeが窒化して形成されたFe3Nが若干
量含まれている。No.17の皮膜組成は、Fe−10
Ni−2Mo−16Cr(SUS316組成;質量%)
であり、一部のFeが窒化して形成されたFe3Nが若
干量含まれている。
Ion plating (No. 16, 1)
7, 21) were performed under the following conditions. The degree of vacuum before gas introduction is 1
Sputter cleaning is performed intermittently at −10 −1 to 7 × 10 −3 Pa at −500 to −800 V for 2 minutes, nitrogen gas is introduced, and 13 to 52 mPa (10 to 40 mTorr).
r). At a substrate temperature of 100 to 150 ° C. before film formation, a cathode current of 60 to 150 A during film formation, and a bias voltage of −3.
The film was formed at 5 to -60V. No. The coating composition of No. 16 is F
e-8Ni-18Cr; a (SUS304 composition by mass%), a portion of Fe is contained Fe 3 N is a small amount, which is formed by nitriding. No. The film composition of No. 17 is Fe-10
Ni-2Mo-16Cr (SUS316 composition; mass%)
And a small amount of Fe 3 N formed by nitriding some of the Fe.

【0037】陽極酸化(No.20)は、浴温5℃の硫
酸浴(10質量%)で、電圧20Vで行った。
The anodic oxidation (No. 20) was carried out at a voltage of 20 V in a sulfuric acid bath (10% by mass) at a bath temperature of 5 ° C.

【0038】[0038]

【表1】 [Table 1]

【0039】表から明らかなように、本発明実施例は、
無処理のNo.22に比べて、減少量が1/3以下に減
少しており、蹄鉄の耐久性向上効果が顕著に現れてい
た。一方、Ni単独層を設けたNo.19では、ビッカ
ース硬度が低いため、摩耗減量をあまり抑制できなかっ
た。陽極酸化処理(No.20)や、イオンプレーティ
ング(No.21)では、金属質のないセラッミックス
膜となるため、硬度が十分でも、摩耗減量はほとんど抑
制できていない。これは、膜の靭性が低く、ステップ1
の衝撃によって、試験初期に膜が剥離してしまったため
であると考えられる。
As is clear from the table, the embodiment of the present invention is as follows.
No. Compared with No. 22, the reduction amount was reduced to 1/3 or less, and the effect of improving the durability of the horseshoe was remarkably exhibited. On the other hand, in the case of No. 1 provided with the Ni single layer. In No. 19, the Vickers hardness was low, so that the loss of wear could not be suppressed so much. In the anodizing treatment (No. 20) and the ion plating (No. 21), a ceramics film having no metal is obtained. Therefore, even if the hardness is sufficient, the loss of wear is hardly suppressed. This is because the toughness of the film is low and step 1
It is considered that the film was peeled in the early stage of the test due to the impact.

【0040】[0040]

【発明の効果】本発明によれば、Al合金製の軽量な蹄
鉄表面に耐衝撃性と高度に優れた硬質皮膜を設けたの
で、アルミ合金製蹄鉄の耐久性を著しく向上させること
ができた。さらに、蹄に対する衝撃緩和等の保護効果も
期待できる。従って、競走馬等、蹄鉄を必要とする動物
用の蹄鉄として最適である。
According to the present invention, the durability of an aluminum alloy horseshoe can be remarkably improved because a hard coating having excellent impact resistance and a high degree of hardness is provided on the surface of a lightweight aluminum horseshoe. . Further, a protective effect such as a shock reduction on hooves can be expected. Therefore, it is optimal as a horseshoe for animals that require a horseshoe, such as a racehorse.

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き Fターム(参考) 4K024 AA14 AB01 AB12 BA06 BB28 DA02 DA08 GA03 4K029 AA02 BA25 BA26 BA58 BA64 BB03 CA04 DD06 HA01  ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 4K024 AA14 AB01 AB12 BA06 BB28 DA02 DA08 GA03 4K029 AA02 BA25 BA26 BA58 BA64 BB03 CA04 DD06 HA01

Claims (7)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 少なくとも蹄鉄の接地面に、表面硬度が
ビッカース硬度でHv400以上であり、金属質を必須
的に含む硬質皮膜が形成されていることを特徴とする耐
久性に優れたAl合金製蹄鉄。
1. A durable aluminum alloy having a surface hardness of at least Hv400 in terms of Vickers hardness and a hard coating essentially containing metal is formed on at least the ground contact surface of the horseshoe. Horseshoes.
【請求項2】 蹄との接触面には上記硬質皮膜が形成さ
れていないものである請求項1に記載のAl合金製蹄
鉄。
2. The aluminum alloy horseshoe according to claim 1, wherein the hard coating is not formed on the contact surface with the hoof.
【請求項3】 上記硬質皮膜の金属質がNi基合金であ
る請求項1または2に記載のAl合金製蹄鉄。
3. The horseshoe made of an Al alloy according to claim 1, wherein the metal material of the hard coating is a Ni-based alloy.
【請求項4】 上記硬質皮膜中にセラミックス粒子が分
散状態で含有されている請求項3に記載のAl合金製蹄
鉄。
4. The aluminum alloy horseshoe according to claim 3, wherein the hard coating contains ceramic particles in a dispersed state.
【請求項5】 上記硬質皮膜の金属質がFe基合金であ
る請求項1または2に記載のAl合金製蹄鉄。
5. The horseshoe made of an Al alloy according to claim 1, wherein the metal material of the hard coating is an Fe-based alloy.
【請求項6】 請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載のAl合
金製蹄鉄の製造方法であって、蹄鉄表面に硬質皮膜を形
成する前にZn置換処理によってAl合金製蹄鉄表面に
Znを置換析出させ、次いで電気めっき法によって硬質
皮膜を形成することを特徴とするAl合金製蹄鉄の製造
方法。
6. The method for producing an Al alloy horseshoe according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein Zn is substituted for the Al alloy horseshoe surface by a Zn substitution treatment before forming a hard film on the horseshoe surface. A method for producing an aluminum alloy horseshoe, comprising depositing and then forming a hard film by an electroplating method.
【請求項7】 請求項5に記載のAl合金製蹄鉄の製造
方法であって、蹄鉄表面の硬質皮膜を気相コーティング
を用いて形成することを特徴とするAl合金製蹄鉄の製
造方法。
7. The method for producing an aluminum alloy horseshoe according to claim 5, wherein the hard film on the surface of the horseshoe is formed using a gas phase coating.
JP2000389308A 2000-12-21 2000-12-21 HORSESHOE MADE OF Al ALLOY EXCELLENT IN DURABILITY AND METHOD OF PRODUCING THE SAME Withdrawn JP2002186395A (en)

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Country Link
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007007790A1 (en) * 2005-07-13 2007-01-18 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Wear-resistant member and power transmission component
JP2007009333A (en) * 2006-10-23 2007-01-18 Shinshu Univ Plated structure and method of manufacturing the same
JP2010222707A (en) * 2010-06-07 2010-10-07 Shinshu Univ Electroless plating method and electroless plating solution
WO2017174892A1 (en) 2016-04-07 2017-10-12 Universite De Limoges Horseshoe comprising an abrasion-resistant and impact-resistant coating

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007007790A1 (en) * 2005-07-13 2007-01-18 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Wear-resistant member and power transmission component
JP2007023316A (en) * 2005-07-13 2007-02-01 Kobe Steel Ltd Wear-resistant member and motive-power transmitting component
JP4571546B2 (en) * 2005-07-13 2010-10-27 株式会社神戸製鋼所 Wear resistant parts and power transmission parts
JP2007009333A (en) * 2006-10-23 2007-01-18 Shinshu Univ Plated structure and method of manufacturing the same
JP4599565B2 (en) * 2006-10-23 2010-12-15 国立大学法人信州大学 Electrolytic plating method and electrolytic plating solution
JP2010222707A (en) * 2010-06-07 2010-10-07 Shinshu Univ Electroless plating method and electroless plating solution
WO2017174892A1 (en) 2016-04-07 2017-10-12 Universite De Limoges Horseshoe comprising an abrasion-resistant and impact-resistant coating

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