IL151447A

IL151447A - Fitting for a window or door

Info

Publication number: IL151447A
Application number: IL151447A
Authority: IL
Original assignee: Schueco Int Kg
Priority date: 2000-03-22
Filing date: 2002-08-22
Publication date: 2007-06-17
Also published as: EA200200998A1; NO321013B1; SI1266115T1; TR200201946T2; AU2001244212A1; CZ20023155A3; IL151447A0; EP1266115A1; HU224328B1; EA003593B1; SK286784B6; PL201187B1; CN1227441C; EE04621B1; HK1052541B; ES2225506T3; HK1052541A1; ATE279629T1; SK13212002A3; EE200200503A

Abstract

The invention relates to a fitting for a window or door, comprising a sash (1) which moves in relation to a window frame (2). Said fitting enables the sash (1) to be displaced outwards in parallel and to pivot about an axis of rotation (90) from a position in which it is has been displaced outwards in parallel to a position in which is rotated open. At least one curved guide (12) is provided for the outward displacement of the sash (1), in the groove between the window frame (2) and the sash (1), enabling a guiding pin (7)to move. According to the invention, a fitting (9, 27) is provided between the window frame (2) and the sash (1) on the side of the axis of rotation of the sash (1), said fitting being fixed to the sash (1) with a first part and to the window frame (2) with a second part and said first part and said second part interacting to allow a rotational movement of the sash (1). The first and second parts of the fitting hereby form a pivot hinge in the area of the fitting situated between the window frame (2) and the sash (1) so that no part of the fitting projects inside beyond the sash (1) when the window is closed. This would otherwise have a negative effect on aesthetics and heat conduction.

Description

n t tn ii nay m»n Fitting for a window or door Schuco International KG C. 139892 Armature unit for a window or a door This invention concerns an armature unit for a window or a door with a leaf mobile with respect to a frame, thanks to which the leaf can be oriented parallel and can pivot from said parallel position round a swivelling axis to a turn and open position, whereas for parallel orientation, at least one curved guide is provided in the rabbet between the frame and the leaf , whereby a guiding journal is mobile through said curved guide.

There are windows and doors with tilt and turn fittings which can be tilted with respect to a horizontal axis-, on the plane of the pane, to provide partial ventilation. This provides a wedgelike opening slot so that the opening cross-section is wider in the upper part, with maximum ventilation, whereas the ventilation is absolutely nil in the lower part. Such a window does not offer proper or consistent ventilation in and out of the room. A maximum quantity of air goes out while a minimum quantity of air flows in. The lack of fresh air from the outside is then sucked in from neighbouring rooms. This causes a draft.

Such windows and doors in ventilation position are not burglar-proof enough either. Only a lower catch mounted on the handle side secures the leaf. As the air gap is relatively wide, it is also possible for a burglar to reach inside and grab hold of the handle.

Tilting as well as turning doors or windows to open them will increase the wear of the components of the armatures because of their design (rabbet light 12 mm) as well as repeated operations (locking, tilting and turning over only approx. 30 mm travel of the rods). These lead to problems when operating and closing the leaf. Jerkily opening of the leaf in tilted position generates high loads and wear of the parts.

The assembly of the fittings on the leaf and frame is very expensive. Consequently, milling operations are necessary to accommodate the upper shear bearing, and the assembly of the pivot bearings on the leaf and frame must be very accurate in order to ensure long-term operation of the leaf. Pivot bearings directed outwardly from the rabbet area are not stable enough and peripheral gaskets must be removed from these areas. With other tilt and turn windows, the pivot bearings are visible from the outside. This is rather detrimental to the optical properties of the window.

The document DE 198 25 071 A l discloses an adjustment mechanism for windows or doors wherein said items can be laid parallel for ventilation purposes with a peripheral gap and wherein the leaf of a window can be pivoted. The leaf can be actuated using guiding elements fitted with a horizontal slide way and a curved guide, whereas a mobile journal engages into said guiding elements. Moving the journal in the curved guide enables to place the leaf parallel with respect to the frame. When the journal has reached a maximum position, a catch prevents any further deployment, provided by the swivelling axis of the leaf, between the leaf and the hinged part, whereas on the opposite side, the journal is released from the curved guide in order to open the leaf by rotating it. This enables to open the leaf using the hinged part whereas the swivelling axis of the hinged part fixed to the frame is situated outside the leaf. The shortcoming of such an adjustment mechanism is that the hinged part protrudes above the leaf and is then visible. Moreover, the lifting loads are higher when opening the leaf by rotating it because of the longer lever with respect to the swivelling axis, which implies that the size of the hinged part must be increased in order to accommodate higher loads. The assembly of the hinged part with the curved guide and the slide way exposed to frictional forces must therefore be relative accurate, which is rather costly. The protruding hinged part increases moreover the heat exchange between the inside of the room and the rabbet, which is detrimental.

The purpose of the invention is to provide armature unit for a window or a door which avoids the shortcomings mentioned above and enables parallel orientation and opening of a leaf by turning it using simple means, whereas the fittings should be laid out between the leaf and the frame without being visible.

The object is satisfied by the invention thanks to a specific armature unit since a fitting is provided between the frame and the leaf, on the side of the swivelling axis of the leaf, whereas said fitting is attached to the leaf in a first section and to the frame in a second section, and whereby the first section and the second section work together in order to open the leaf. The first section and the second section of the armature constitute therefore a swivelling axis in the area of the armature arranged between the frame and the leaf so that in closed position, no fitting protrudes above the leaf into the inside of the room, which is detrimental to the optical properties and the thermal conductivity. Peripheral tightness between the frame and the leaf need not therefore be interrupted. Moreover, such an armature unit can be built with a few components only.

The parallel orientation of the leaf implies then a movement transversal to the plane of the leaf, resp. of a window pane provided in the leaf. For ventilation purposes, the air circulates uniformly all around the window so that the air can flow in and out everywhere around the window with the same intensity. The room benefits then from high and efficient air exchange. There is no draft from neighbouring rooms any longer since the incoming air and the outgoing air are equivalent.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the swivelling axis of the leaf goes through the first section or the second section of the fitting, in particular the swivelling axis of the leaf can intersect with the axis of a guiding journal in the control curve. The reduced load exerted over the hinged parts also provides minimum leverage when the leaf is open.

To guarantee the operation of the parallel orientation and the opening only with a few fittings, guiding journals provided on the side of the swivelling axis of the leaf form the first section of the fitting and also a curved guide for the guiding journal . forms the second section of the , armature whereas the guiding journal in the curved guide forms a hinged swivelling axis for the leaf. The guiding journal acts therefore as a drive for substantially horizontal orientation of the leaf as well as a stop once the leaf has been opened by rotation. To open the leaf by rotation, at least one control curve is advantageously provided on the side of the swivelling axis of the leaf, whereas which curve, when the leaf is oriented parallel, shows an opening for pivoting the guiding journal outwardly and inwardly. The burglar-proof property is therefore increased since the leaf is locked and secured in the pivot bearings in the various ventilation positions, and in guiding journals in all sliding and resting positions, regardless whether the leaf in locked or closed.

Providing a corresponding curved guide is also advantageous inasmuch as turning the handle (or similar motion of a mechanical device) during parallel motion of the leaf over the whole opening area enables to adjust various ventilation positions in a linear and continuous fashion so that the room can be ventilated more or less without adding visible devices to the window. The various ventilation positions can be set advantageously by locking the handle.

A regular curve with the sliding and locking elements whereby the outlet for rotary opening is situated at the end of the curve, enables continuous and harmonious motion from a locking position towards a maximum ventilation or turn and open position (no shifting up or down).

To provide particularly good guidance of the journal, said journal should be preferably mobile on a semicircle in the bottom of the groove of the curved guide, thereby forming the swivelling axis of the leaf thanks to an additional lateral semicircle. For the guiding journal to be mobile with little friction in the guiding journal, said guiding journal is formed as a sphere at the front end and the curved guide is spherical in the bottom of the groove accordingly.

Preferably, the guiding journal shows a thickened head section and is captive in the curved guide. To this end, the guiding journal can exhibit a circular shape at its end, it can be undercut or reduced in diameter, and the groove opening of the curved guide forms a narrowed groove cross section so that the guiding journal is mainly mobile only in one direction.

To make the leaf burglar-proof in an oriented position, the curved guide follows a vertical path in the oriented end position of the leaf and shows an outlet opening directed to the front end of the leaf for the guiding journal. This enables the user to choose whether .the leaf can be released for rotary opening or only provided the maximum peripheral ventilation gap.

Preferably, the curved guide shows a vertical axle bore and the guiding journal a vertical hinged journal directed upwards, whereas said journal can be brought in a position to engage in the axle bore of the curved guide so that the hinged journal may form a swivelling axis for the leaf.

Preferably, when the leaf has been turned and open, the operation of the fitting is blocked because the guiding journal is engaged in an opening in the curved guide.

According to another embodiment of the invention, a bolt is provided on the side of the swivelling axis of the leaf, which bolt is mobile in a longitudinal groove of a component and the bolt rests against an end of the longitudinal groove when the leaf is oriented and forms a pivot bearing for the leaf. This pivot bearing can be mounted at the upper rotary side of the leaf in a very advantageous embodiment since high tensile loads may be caused by the operation of the lever which are therefore reduced by said pivot bearing.

Preferably, at least one supporting bearing is provided for horizontal guiding of the leaf, whereas said bearing shows a lever which can be pivoted round an axis close to the frame and is hinged against the leaf frame. This lever enables to reduce the weights of the leaf exerted on the frame quite simply whereas the remaining frictional forces usual for the slide ways can be avoided. The small pivoting of the leaf caused by the lever is then not a shortcoming inherent to the design. The special displacement of the leaf on a circle using a supporting and operating lever in the rabbet area enables to reach maximum opening widths for the leaf in spite of the small construction depth in the rabbet. The weight loads on the fittings are smaller during parallel displacement than when tilting a tilt and turn windows. This pivoting supporting bearing fulfils simultaneously the function of a leaf cam which lifts the leaf before said leaf engages with the pin into the curve of the moving and locking element. The integral leaf cam provides handling advantages, reduces the wear and facilitates the construction of pivot bearings. Conversely, no free-milling is necessary close to the frame, unlike in conventional units, to accommodate the upper shear bearing and there is no need either to screw a pivot bearing to the leaf and outside to the frame. The pivot bearing and the supporting pin (lever) can be pre-mounted to the connecting rod fitting or steel band in the scope of the delivery. When assembling the rotary pivot bearing and the rotary supporting bearing in the rabbet area to the corners of the lower frame, the weight of the leaf and the corresponding loads are transmitted directly to the lower frame via the supporting pin and the bush attached to the connecting rod fitting.

Preferably, two supporting bearings are provided at a distance from one another whereas the supporting bearing arranged on the side of the swivelling axis of the leaf shows a hinged joint at the lever to form the swivelling . axis of the leaf. To this end, a hinged bolt can be provided, engaged permanently into a seat attached to the leaf so that said leaf is supported in a rotary fashion in the lower section by the hinged bolt.

Preferably, the supporting bearing situated on the other side of the swivelling axis of the leaf and used for parallel orientation of the window leaf is spring-loaded towards the leaf and releases a supporting bolt of the leaf when said leaf is oriented. To reduce the wear, the supporting bearing is arranged on the side opposite the pivot bearing to support the leaf in any position of the movement from the locking position to the turn and open position. To this end, the loads generated when moving the leaf are absorbed.

In order to minimise the vertical displacement caused by the rotary motion of the lever in horizontal orientation of the leaf, the levers are laid out so that the pivoting area extends from the closed position to the maximum parallel oriented position of the leaf and the swivelling axis of the lever is arranged substantially in the centre of both positions. So, the leaf is lifted first of all slightly from the closed position to the centre and then slightly lowered to the maximum oriented position.

The leaf is supported by levers but alternately or additionally, a supporting bearing can be provided on the side of the swivelling axis of the leaf, with a bolt which is movable on a horizontal guide. Preferably, the guide for the bolt shows a groove whereby the end of the groove forms a stop for the bolt, directed towards the leaf, and the bolt arranged at the end of the groove forms a hinged axis for the leaf. This enables to combine the support of the leaf with the construction of a swivelling axis, in a simple fashion.

To make the lifting of the leaf in open or closed condition more complicated, the groove is preferably undercut for accommodating the bolt.

To reduce the friction during the orientation of the leaf, the bolt can be fitted on the front with a rotary ball.

All the fittings of the armature unit should be adjusted and screwed lightly between the frame and the leaf. Especially even if a formed profiled edge is provided close to the frame.

It is extremely important that all the fittings, i.e. pivot bearings, supporting pins, pivoting rotary elements, pivoting supporting element, the upper supporting element and possible rotary safety devices, are situated inside the rabbet and therefore do not compromise the optical properties of the window. A profiled edge at the frame covers an area of the fittings also in the various ventilation positions of the leaf. Particularly advantageously, components (i.e. pivoting parts, moving parts and locking parts) are regrouped in a single unit. Only a small number of units are necessary for each window.

The invention will be described more in detail using several embodiments with reference to the appended drawings.

Fig. 1 : illustrates schematically a first embodiment of an armature unit attached to a leaf according to the invention; Fig. 2: is a detailed view in perspective of a curved guide showed on Fig. l ; Fig. 3 : is a sectional elevation view of a part of a leaf showed oriented on Fig.1 ; Fig. 4A: illustrates a perspective view of a supporting bearing on the side of the swivelling axis of the leaf of the armature unit of Fig 1 ; Fig. 4B: illustrates a perspective view of a supporting bearing on the side opposite the swivelling axis of the leaf of the armature unit of Figl ; Fig. 5: shows a front view of a combined supporting bearing with a curved guide; Fig. 6A: shows a front view of an operating handle for the armature unit of Fig.1 ; Fig. 6B: shows a side view of the operating handle according to Fig. 6A; Fig. 7: is a sectional elevation view of a part of an oriented leaf with a fitting according to another embodiment; Fig. 8: is an elevation view of another variation of a fitting according to Fig. 7; Fig. 9: illustrates schematically a second embodiment of an armature unit attached to a leaf according to the invention; Fig. 10: is a sectional elevation view of a part of an oriented leaf with a fitting according to another embodiment; Fig. 1 1 : illustrates a sectional view of the fitting of Fig. 10 along the line A-B; Fig. 12: illustrates a sectional view of the fitting of Fig. 10 along the line C-D; Fig. 13 : is a schematic view of a curved guide for an armature unit according to the invention; Fig. 14: is a perspective view of another embodiment of a fitting for the armature of the invention; Fig. 15: is a sectional view of the fitting of Fig. 14 along the line A-B; Fig. 16: illustrates a schematic lateral, view of the fittings provided on the side of the swivelling axis of the leaf, of an armature unit according to the invention, in a third embodiment; Fig. 17: is a front view of the fittings showed on Fig. 16; Fig. 18: is an elevation view of a fitting showed on Fig. 16; Fig. 19: is an elevation view of a fitting showed on Fig. 16; Fig. 20: illustrates a schematic lateral view of a part of the fittings provided on the side of the swivelling axis of the leaf, of an armature unit according to the invention, in a fourth embodiment; Fig. 21 : is a front view of the fittings showed on Fig. 20; Fig. 22: is an elevation view of a fitting showed on Fig. 20; Fig. 23 : is a front detailed view of a supporting bearing modified with respect to Fig. 21 ; Fig. 24A: is a front detailed view of a supporting bearing modified with respect to Fig. 21 ; Fig. 24B: is an elevation view of a supporting bearing showed on Fig. 24A; Fig. 25: is a lateral view of a supporting bearing opposite the swivelling axis of the leaf; Fig. 26: is a front view of the supporting bearing showed on Fig. 25; Fig. 27: is a schematic elevation view of the area of the swivelling axis of a leaf fitted with an armature unit according to the invention, in closed condition; Fig. 28: is an elevation view of the area of the swivelling axis according to Fig. 27 with the leaf open; Fig. 29: is a lateral view of a part of a fitting with a curved guide; .

Fig. 30: is a lateral view of a curved guide according to a modified embodiment, and Fig. 31 : is a sectional elevation view of a fitting modified with respect to Fig. 30, with a curved guide.

Fig. 1 represents schematically a leaf 1 in front view, which is maintained against a frame 2 by an armature unit according to the invention. The fittings attached to the frame 2 are represented in perspective for clarity purposes. The leaf 1 can be provided for a window or a door.

By the leaf 1 is arranged a connecting rod 3, resp. a screwed-on peripheral steel band. For simplification of assembly, two bearing bushes 4 and a supporting pin 5 are fixed to said fitting. Pins 7 are attached to a shift linkage showed as a dotted line. Actuating a handle .8 enables to move the pins 7 vertically up and down, thereby releasing, locking or sliding the leaf 1 for ventilation or opening it by rotation. Two rotary and pivot bearings are mounted by the frame 2, on the side opposite the handle 8. Thanks to both these bearings, the leaf 1 can be guided and held in ventilation position as well as in turn and open position. The rotary and pivot bearings 9 show an axle bolt 90 protruding vertically upward, which can always engage into a bearing bush 4. The axle bolt 90 is hinged to a supporting pin 4 to rotate round an axis 93, which supporting pin can be maintained to rotate against a armature body 94 via an axis 92. The armature body 94 is attached to the frame 2 not represented more in detail in this document. When moving the leaf 1 into ventilation position and back, the leaf 1 follows a circular path. The leaf 1 is then slightly lifted and lowered.

A supporting pivot bearing 10 is provided by the handle side of the frame 2. The supporting pivot bearing 10 comprises a lever 16 which is mounted round an axis 95 to rotate close to an armature body 97 attached to the frame 2. A seat 96 is arranged for the supporting pin 5 upward, which seat is open to the front in order to turn the leaf 2 using the supporting pin 5.

Alternately, several supporting pivot bearings 10 can be provided, distributed by the frame 2. They support the leaf 1 and release the rotary pivot bearings 9. The circle formed by the levers 16 is equal to the circle formed by the supporting pin 91.

Sliding and locking elements 1 1 are fitted . with a curved guide on either side of the frame2. The movement of the pins 7 in the curves 12 displaces the leaf 1 to the positions desired, whereby the leaf 1 can be moved manually or automatically. The curve 12 can also be formed so that the leaf 1 is tilted manually. The design of the curve 12 takes into account the lifting and the lowering of the leaf, (x) designates the maximum travel path.

Fig. 2 illustrates a sliding and locking element 1 1 mounted by the frame 2. The curve 12 comprises an outlet opening 13 for rotary opening, so that the pin 7 may leave the curve. The pin 7 swivelling out of the curve 12 is supported by a curve 14 formed by the sliding and locking element 1 1 and secures the leaf when being turned and open.

Fig. 3 illustrates an elevation view of the hinged fittings by the oriented leaf 1. The peripheral ventilation cross section is clearly visible between the gaskets 98 and the leaf 1 , resp. the frame 2. The air path is shown by arrows. The illustration shows the armature area with the sliding and locking element 1 1 and the rotary pivot bearing 9 as a dotted line. All the fitting sections are illustrated inside the rabbet between the frame 2 and the leaf 1. The steel band 3 and the shift linkage 6 with the pin 7 are mounted in the leaf 1. x designates the maximum sliding path.

Fig. 4A shows a perspective view of a modified supporting bearing 15 on the side of the swivelling axis of the leaf 1. The supporting bearing 15 comprises a pivoting arm 24 whereby an axle bolt 26 is hinged, protruding upward. To limit the swivelling movement of the pivoting arm 24, the supporting bearing exhibits two opposite stops 25. A swivelling axis 99 of the pivoting arm 24 is provided in the centre between the stops 25 to reduce the vertical motion of the leaf 1. A curved guide 12 with an opening 13 is recessed close to the supporting bearing 15, provided for a leaf with a left-hand operated swivelling axis.

Advantageously, only a fitting should go through the supporting bearing 15 and not two fittings. The cost of the parts is reduced and the extent of the assembly is significantly decreased. Two supporting bearings 15 are necessary for the assembly of a window. Fig. 4B illustrates a lever 16 described above, which is mounted additionally to reduce the loads during the horizontal motion by the frame 2.

The illustration of Fig. 5 shows another supporting pivot bearing 35 which can be mounted by the side opposite the swivelling axis of the leaf 1 , close to the frame 2. The supporting pivot bearing 35 comprises a lever 16 with a seat for the supporting pin 5. Moreover, a curved guide 12 is provided by the supporting pivot bearing 35 for guiding a pin 7. The lever 16, the pin 7 and the supporting pin 5 are illustrated closed and locked in position of the leaf 1. Enlarging the swivelling area around the angle y to the front enables to maintain the leaf 1 also in oriented position using the lever 16 and only by moving the lever further to release the leaf when being turned and open. The supporting pivot bearing 35 fulfils therefore the function of a leaf cam which lifts the leaf 1 back into the turn and open position after opening and rotating and secures in the supporting arm 16 of the supporting pivot bearing. The letter z designates the area over which the leaf 1 is lifted. The lever 16 can be spring-loaded to the front to prevent the leaf 1 from being seized.

The corresponding positions of the pin 7 (which moves and locks the leaf) are designated with A, B, C and D. A is the closed and locked position of the leaf, B is the position for semi-ventilation, C shows the maximum secured ventilation position and D the position from which the leaf 1 can be turned and open whereas the pin 7 can be swivelled outward through the opening 13. Any degree of ventilation can be adjusted between the positions A and C.

Fig. 6A and B show a handle mounted by the leaf 1. The handle 8 can adopt the corresponding positions A, B, C, D described on Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 shows another fitting with a rotary safety device 17 which secures the leaf 1 when being turned and open. The rotary safety device 17 is integral with the rabbet area and is composed of a guiding plate 18 built close to the frame 2 and a bracket 19 mounted close to the leaf 1. If the leaf 1 is brought into ventilation position (as illustrated), a lifting cog 20 is fixed through a recess behind the guiding plate 18. Once the leaf 1 is turned and open, the lifting cog 20 is locked behind the guiding plate 18 and supports the leaf 1 during the rotary motion. A swivelling axis D of the leaf 1 and the direction of rotation are designated accordingly.

A profiled edge 21 is arranged close to the frame. It covers a portion of the fittings in ventilation position and assists the adjustment of the fittings.

Fig. 8 shows a variation of a rotary safety device 17* similar to the rotary safety device shown on Fig. 7. Here, the guiding part is composed of a bolt mounted close to the frame 2 with a ring guide 22 and a slide way element 23 attached to the leaf 1. A lifting cog 20 formed close to the slide way element 23 passes below the ring guide 22 inwardly when rotating and opening the leaf and the adapted slide way element 23 follows the outer contour of the ring guide 22. So, the leaf 1 is secured in any rotary position. It is advantageous when the slide way element 23 is formed directly by the bush 4 mounted close to the steel band.

Fig. 9 shows another embodiment of an armature unit according to the invention similar to the unit of Fig. 1. The armature unit comprises an upper supporting element 27. Said element is composed of a bush 28 provided close to the steel band, which bush accommodates a pin 29. The pin 29 can be moved, locked or fixed for easy assembly. A guiding and bearing element 30 with a longitudinal hole 31 is mounted by the frame 2. During ventilation adjustment of the leaf 1 and when being turned and open, the leaf 1 is maintained, guided and supported in a rotary fashion thanks to the supporting element 27.

Fig. 9 shows a possible combination of fittings which are provided in the rabbet between the leaf 1 and the frame 2. Here, a rotary and pivot bearing 9 is arranged at the lower corner of the frame 1 , on the side opposite the handle 8 (side of the pivot bearing). The upper corner on the pivot bearing side contains an upped supporting element 27. A supporting pivot bearing 10 is laid out on the handle side, by the lower corner of the frame. The leaf 1 swivels when adjusted on the rotary pivot bearing 9 and the supporting pivot bearing 10 as already described in the previous embodiment.

The locking and sliding elements 1 1 , mounted on either side of the frame 2, show a curved design close to which the opening 13 is provided for rotary opening at the end of the curve 12. This enables the leaf 1 to reach far enough for rotary opening. The slanted design of the curve 12 enables consistently parallel orientation of the leaf 1. The sliding and locking elements 1 1 are identical for left-hand and right-hand operation, from a construction viewpoint. Said elements are only rotated round the axis.

Fig. 10 shows another embodiment of a fitting of an armature unit according to the invention. A bolt 40 attached to the steel band 3 is provided by the leaf 1. The bolt 40 can be made to engage into a bush 50 attached to the frame 50. Fig. 10 shows the leaf 1 in maximum oriented position. The leaf 1 can be swivelled round an axis 41 of the bolt 40 from this position.

Fig. 1 1 shows a section through the representation of Fig. 10 along the line A-B. The direction of the arrow indicates the directions of movement of the steel band 3 and of the bolt 40. The swivelling axis 41 whereon the leaf 1 can swivel, is clearly marked. A locking part 46 is provided by the lower section of the bolt 40. A clutch 47 is attached to the frame 2 and enables to lock the locking part 46 in closed position of the leaf 1.

Fig. 12 shows a section through the representation of Fig. 10 in the axis C-D. Here, the bolt 40 with a formed locking part 46, the bush 50 and the clutch 47 mounted by the frame 47 are visible. The locking axis, resp. the position of the bolt axle 41 in closed position of the leaf 2 is identified as A, the turn and open position, resp. the position of the bolt axle 41 in oriented position of the leaf 1 as B. The travel path of the leaf 1 .is identified as x.

Fig. 13 shows a curve 12 for parallel orientation of the leaf 1 , which can be used for the fitting illustrated on Fig. 10 to Fig. 12. The curve 12 contains a pin 7 which is attached to the shift linkage. Moving the pin 7 enables to bring the leaf 1 substantially parallel to the front. The curve 12 covers a curved area y, running vertically, so that the leaf cannot be Oriented further horizontally in this area, whereby the bolt 40 can be coupled with the bush 50. The locking axis is identified as A, the turn and open position as B and the travel path of the leaf as x.

Fig. 14 and Fig. 15 show another embodiment of a fitting 60 for an armature unit according to the invention. The fitting 60 comprises a curved guide 12 which exhibits a slanted section with respect to the parallel orientation of the leaf 1 , as well as a vertical section 61. The curved guide 12 comprises a bolt 63 which is attached to the steel band 3, resp. a connecting rod. Operating a handle 8 enables to move the steel band 3 vertically together with the bolt 63. The fitting 60 shows an upper vertical axle bore 62 which is used for accommodating a bearing journal 64. The bearing journal 64 is attached to the bolt 63. Moreover, a lateral opening 65 is formed close to the fitting 60, which opening can swivel in the bolt 63.

In order to orient the leaf 1 parallel, the bolt 63 is moved first of all up to the vertical section 61. If the bolt 63 moves further along the section 61 , the leaf 61 cannot be oriented any further, but simply released for rotary opening. To this end, the bearing journal 64 engages into the axle bore 62 and the bolt 63 is moved to the height of the opening 65. In upper position, the leaf can swivel round the bearing journal 64 and the bolt 63 can swivel inward into the opening 65. In turn and open position, the handle 8 cannot be operated any longer since the bolt is secured in the opening against any displacement.

Bores 66 are provided for screws in order to assemble the fitting 60 to the frame 2.

Fig. 16 is a schematic lateral view of the fittings arranged on the side of the swivelling a is of the leaf 1 , of an armature unit according to the invention, in a third embodiment, whereby the viewing direction points to the frame 2. At the upper end is laid out an upper supporting bearing 121 , in the centre two sliding and locking devices 1 18 and at the lower end a supporting unit in the form of a rotary pivot bearing 1 19. The various fittings mentioned are arranged in the rabbet between the leaf 1 and the frame 2.

The supporting bearing 121 comprises a bearing seat 109 attached to the frame 2, with a longitudinal recess 140, wherein a bearing bolt 110 is mobile.

The sliding and locking devices 1 18 comprise a curved guide 1 13 with an initially vertical section 143, a slanted section 141 and a lateral opening 142 connected to the slanted section 141. A bolt 105 is accommodated in the curved guide 1 13.

The rotary pivot bearing 1 19 comprises a pivot bearing bush 106 attached to the leaf 1 , wherein a bolt 144 is provided. The bolt 144 is hinged to a supporting pin 1 14 via an axle 145. The supporting pin 1 14 can rotate round an axis arranged substantially halfway through the maximum orientation path x. To limit the swivelling motion of the supporting pin 1 14, stops 122 are provided close to the rotary pivot bearing 1 19· The rotary pivot bearing 1 19 can be screwed via bores 147 with the frame 2.

Moving the bolt 105 using a handle 8 or a motorised drive enables to displace the axle of the bolt 144 from a locking position A to a turn and open position D within the rabbet.

Fig. 17 shows the fittings illustrated on Fig. 16, but as a front view. The front end of the bolt 105 is semicircular in order to form in the end position, together with the curved guide 1 1 , a rotary axis with a centring device. The bolts 105 are therefore attached to a steel band 104 which can move inside the leaf 1.

Fig. 18 shows an elevation view of the supporting bearing 121 with the bearing bolt 1 10 in the longitudinal hole 140.

Fig. 19 shows an elevation view of the supporting bearing 1 19 with the bearing bolt 144 in the centre position.

Fig. 20 and Fig. 21 show fittings arranged by the leaf 1 and the frame 2 according to another embodiment similar to Fig. 16 and Fig. 17. The curved guide 1 13 shown with the bolt 105 corresponds to the curved guide 113 described above.

In the lower area of the leaf 1 is provided a modified supporting bearing 116, shown as a sectional view along the line F-F on Fig. 22, which leaf comprises a bolt 112 accommodated by a bearing bush 108 attached to the leaf 1. The bolt 1 12 rests on its bottom in a guiding element 1 17 which exhibits lateral walls 129 for lateral guiding of the bolt 1 12. The bolt 1 12 is illustrated in various sliding positions on Fig. 20.

Fig. 22 shows an elevation view of the supporting bearing IT 6 illustrated on Fig. 20 and on Fig. 21 , which bearing enables to orient the leaf 1 round the trajectory x. As can be clearly seen, the swivelling axis of the leaf 1 is situated in various sliding positions of the bolt 112 inside a rabbet 1 15 between the leaf 1 and the frame 2.

Fig. 23 shows a supporting bearing 152 according to a modified embodiment. The supporting bearing 152 exhibits an undercut groove which accommodates a bearing bolt 150 with a thickened foot section 151. So, the bearing bolt 150 is captive in the supporting bearing 152. The thickened section can be composed of a low friction material, for example metal.

Fig. 24A and Fig. 24B show another embodiment of a supporting bearing 153, which show a groove 154 for supporting a bearing bolt 155. The bearing bolt 155 shows on its bottom a section 156 with reduced diameter which slides in a guide shoe 157 made of low friction material.

Fig. 25 and Fig. 26 show a supporting bearing 120 arranged on the side opposite the swivelling axis of the leaf 1, with a fitting 123 which can be attached to the frame 2, to which fitting a lever 124 is hinged similar to the previous embodiments. A seat for a supporting pin 160 is provided at the upper part of the lever 124, which pin is linked to the leaf 1. When the lever 124 is swivelled from the maximum oriented position B of the leaf 1 round the angle y, the seat of the lever 124 releases the supporting pin 160 to open the leaf 1. The lever 124 is prestressed towards the releasing position in order to prevent the leaf 1 from seizing during the closing operation.

Fig. 27 shows an elevation view of the area of the swivelling axis of a leaf 1 assembled with an armature unit according to the invention in closed position, wherein the swivelling axis follows the line A.

Fig. 28 shows an elevation view of the area of the swivelling axis according to Fig. 27 with open leaf 1 whereby the swivelling axis is situated on the offset line D.

Fig. 29 shows a portion of a fitting 170 with a curved guide 171. A bolt 172 is accommodated in the. curved guide 171, whereas the end of the bolt is semicircular in shape so that the spherical surface forms a swivelling axis for the leaf 1. Fig. 29 illustrates the leaf 1 in turned and open position.

Fig. 30 shows a modified embodiment of a fitting 177. The fitting 177 comprises a curved guide 175 wherein a bolt 176 is inserted. The bolt .176 is inserted close to an elbow 173, when the leaf 1 is oriented after being turned and open, so that a swivelling axis 174 of the leaf 1 is defined within the fitting 177.

Fig. 31 is another embodiment of a curved guide 180 wherein a bolt 181 is provided. The bolt 181 illustrates a spherical head section 182 with a narrow neck 183. The narrowed neck 183 can be used with an undercut groove, in the corresponding realisation of the curved guide 180, so that the bolt 181 is captive and consequently cannot be withdrawn.

The invention is not limited to the embodiments illustrated. The various fittings and armature units shown can be used individually to build a swivelling axis for the leaf or they can be combined at will. The man of the art can choose freely the position of the fittings between the leaf and the frame. The sole requirement is that the loads generated when orienting and turning to open the leaf, should be deviated and the leaf should be secured in position.

Claims

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1. Fitting unit for a window or a door having a leaf which can be moved relative to a blind frame, by means of which the leaf can be opened in parallel and can be pivoted about an axis of rotation from a parallel open position into a rotated open position, at least one cam guide through which a guide pin can be moved for the parallel opening of the leaf being provided in the rabbet between blind frame and leaf, characterized in that, on the side of the axis of rotation of the leaf, a fitting is provided between the blind frame and the leaf and is fixed by a first part to the leaf and by a second part to the blind frame, and the first part and the second part interact in order to permit a rotational movement of the leaf.

2. Fitting unit according to Claim 1, characterized in that the axis of rotation of the leaf runs through the first part or the second part of the fitting.

3. Fitting unit according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the axis of rotation of the leaf intersects the axis of the guide pin in the cam guide.

4. Fitting unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guide pin or pins arranged on the side of the axis of rotation of the leaf form the first part of the fitting, and in each case a cam guide for the guide pin forms the second part of the fitting, and the guide pin forms an axis of rotation for the leaf in the cam guide in the manner of a hinge.

5. Fitting unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, on the side of the axis of rotation of the leaf there is provided at least one cam guide which, in the parallel opened position of the leaf, has an opening for the guide pin to be pivoted out and in.

6. Fitting unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in the opened position of the leaf, the guide pin can be moved on a circular arc in the bottom of the groove in the cam guide, and the axis of rotation of the leaf is formed by the circular arc.

7. Fitting unit according to Claim 6, characterized in that the guide pin is shaped spherically at the end. 1398924- 12-01 - 19 - 151447/2

8. Fitting unit according to Claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the cam guide is formed semicircularly in the bottom of the groove.

9. Fitting unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guide pin has a thickened top section and is accommodated in a captive manner in the cam guide.

10. Fitting unit according to Claim 9, characterized in that the guide pin has a spherical shape at the end, and the guide pin is undercut or its diameter is set back, and the opening of the groove in the cam guide forms a narrowed groove which is undercut.

11. Fitting unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in the final open position of the leaf, the cam guide assumes a vertical course, has an outlet, opening, facing the front side of the leaf, for the guide pin and has a vertical axial bore.

12. Fitting unit according to Claim 1 1, characterized in that the guide pin has a hinge pin which is oriented vertically upwards and which can be brought into engagement with the axial bore in the cam guide.

13. Fitting unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, when the leaf is opened rotationally, the actuation of the fitting is blocked as a result of the guide pin engaging in a cam guide opening.

14. Fitting unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the side of the axis of rotation of the leaf there is provided a pin, which can be moved in a longitudinal groove of a fitting, and, in the opened position of the leaf, the pin rests on one end of the longitudinal groove and forms a rotary bearing for the leaf.

15. Fitting unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one supporting bearing is provided for the horizontal guidance of the leaf and has a lever which can be pivoted about an axis on the blind frame and is attached to the leaf.

16. Fitting unit according to Claim 15, characterized in that two supporting bearings spaced apart from each other are provided, and the supporting bearing arranged 1398924- 12-01 - 20 - 151447/2 on the side of the axis of rotation of the leaf has a hinge joint arranged on the lever in order to form the axis of rotation of the leaf.

17. Fitting unit according to Claim 16, characterized in that the supporting bearing arranged on the axis of rotation of the leaf has a hinge pin which is attached to the lever and is in permanent engagement with a holder fixed to the leaf.

18. Fitting unit according to Claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the supporting bearing located on the remote side of the axis of rotation of the leaf for the parallel opening of the window leaf is spring-loaded towards the leaf and, in the opened position of the leaf, releases a supporting pin belonging to the leaf.

19. Fitting unit according to one of Claims 15 to 18, characterized in that the levers are arranged in such a way that the pivoting range extends from the closed position to the maximum parallel opened position of the leaf, and the axis of rotation of the lever is arranged approximately centrally in relation to the two positions.

20. Fitting unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, at least on the side of the axis of rotation of the leaf, a supporting bearing with a pin is provided, which is arranged on a [lacuna] such that it can be displaced in a horizontal guide.

21. Fitting unit according to Claim 20, characterized in that the guide for the pin has a groove in which the end of the groove oriented towards the leaf forms a stop for the pin, and the pin resting on the end of the groove forms a hinge axis for the leaf.

22. Fitting unit according to Claim 20 or 21, characterized in that the groove is undercut in order to accommodate the pin.

23. Fitting unit according to one of Claims 20 to 22, characterized in that the groove for accommodating the pin is semicircular at the bottom of the groove, and the pin is spherical at the end.

24. Fitting unit according to one of Claims 20 to 23, characterized in that the pin is equipped at the end with a rolling ball. 1398924-12-01 - 21 - 151447/2

25. Fitting unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in order to actuate the fitting unit, a peripheral thrust rod fitting arranged on the leaf is provided.

26. Window or door, having a leaf to be opened and a stationary blind frame, characterized in that the leaf is held on the blind frame by means of a fitting unit according to one of the preceding claims.

27. Window or door according to Claim 26, characterized in that, in addition to the parallel opening of the leaf, the fitting unit permits the leaf to be tilted. For the Applicants, REINHOLD COHN AND PARTNERS 1398924- 12-01