IE63970B1 - A device for capping a discharge shaft - Google Patents
A device for capping a discharge shaftInfo
- Publication number
- IE63970B1 IE63970B1 IE349690A IE349690A IE63970B1 IE 63970 B1 IE63970 B1 IE 63970B1 IE 349690 A IE349690 A IE 349690A IE 349690 A IE349690 A IE 349690A IE 63970 B1 IE63970 B1 IE 63970B1
- Authority
- IE
- Ireland
- Prior art keywords
- grating
- frame
- axis
- pivoting
- lateral
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/04—Gullies inlets, road sinks, floor drains with or without odour seals or sediment traps
- E03F5/06—Gully gratings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
- E02D29/14—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers
- E02D29/1427—Locking devices
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/04—Gullies inlets, road sinks, floor drains with or without odour seals or sediment traps
- E03F5/06—Gully gratings
- E03F2005/061—Gully gratings hinged to the body of the gully
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/04—Gullies inlets, road sinks, floor drains with or without odour seals or sediment traps
- E03F5/06—Gully gratings
- E03F2005/066—Gully gratings with means for protecting against vandalism
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Sewage (AREA)
- Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
- Sink And Installation For Waste Water (AREA)
- Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
- Chutes (AREA)
- Golf Clubs (AREA)
- Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)
- Thermotherapy And Cooling Therapy Devices (AREA)
- Tables And Desks Characterized By Structural Shape (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
- Transmission Devices (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The apparatus consists of a grille (3) articulated in a frame along an axis for pivoting of the grille (3) corresponding to one of the sides of the latter, this grille (3) being fitted with bars (18) connected together by cross members (19), and in which the grille is divided, along its pivotal axis, into a middle portion (Z1) and two lateral portions (Z2) elastically connected to the middle portion (Z1), one end of the middle portion (Z1), contiguous to the pivotal axis, being intended to bear against a corresponding surface of the frame exerting a moment opposing the movement of the grille (3) about its pivotal axis. <IMAGE>
Description
The present invention relates to a device for capping a discharge shaft, comprising a tilting removable grating which, when the device is in the closed position, rests in a frame bedded in the ground.
The subject of the present invention is, more particularly, a capping device of the above-mentioned type which exhibits locking of the tilting removable grating in its frame.
In fact, in such capping devices, the grating must be locked perfectly, on the one hand to avoid an accidental opening of the discharge shaft and on the other hand to prevent acts of vandalism during which the grating can deliberately removed from its frame.
For example, the document FR 1,249,110 discloses a rectangular tilting removable grating having two coaxial lateral pivots allowing this grating to pivot about one of these sides, these pivots engaging in receivers provided in the frame.
In this device, locking is ensured by means of a finger which is rotatably mounted on the grating and the position of which in relation to the frame determines the closing of the discharge shaft.
Although this device makes it possible to lock the grating effectively in its frame, thus avoiding accidental opening of the discharge shaft, it nevertheless has disadvantages of three kinds.
In the first place, it requires the use of an additional movable part, namely the rotary finger, which, in addition to the increase in the production cost which it entails, is liable to become jammed and therefore no longer to allow subsequent locking or release.
In the second place, it does not make it possible to prevent a deliberate opening by unauthorized persons, since a simple spanner for actuating the finger is sufficient.
Finally, once the grating is in the open position and therefore vertical, it can close again inopportunely, this constituting a real danger to the operator.
The object of the present invention is, therefore, to obviate the problems mentioned above. * 5 The subject of the present invention is, more particularly, a device for capping a discharge shaft, comprising a grating of generally rectangular shape, articulated in a frame of generally rectangular shape along an axis of pivoting of the grating which corresponds to one of the sides of the grating and coincides with an axis parallel to one of the sides of:..the frame when the grating is mounted in the frame, this grating being equipped with bars connected to one another by means of spacers, in which device the grating is divided, along its axis of pivoting, into a middle part and two lateral parts connected resiliently to the middle part by means of spacers which are not located on the axis of pivoting and which perform the function of torsion bars, one end of the middle part adjacent to the axis of pivoting being intended to come to bear against a corresponding surface of the frame while exerting a torque opposing movement of the grating about its axis of pivoting.
The characteristics and advantages will emerge from the following description, which is made with reference to the drawings, which are given purely by way of non-limiting example and in which: Fig. 1 shows a diagrammatic sectional view of a device for capping a discharge shaft, Fig. 2 shows a plan view of the frame of the device according to the invention, Fig. 3 shows a plan view of the grating of the device according to the invention, Fig. 4 shows a detail of the device according to the invention, Fig. 5 shows an alternative version of the device according to the invention, and Fig. 6 illustrates the operating principle of the device according to the invention.
The device according to the invention, as shown in Fig. 1, comprises a frame 1 bedded in the ground, for example in a road surface, at the upper end of a discharge shaft 2, and an articulated removable grating 3 forming a cover.
According to the embodiment illustrated, the frame 1 and the grating 3 have a generally rectangular shape, as seen in plan view.
The frame 1 has a rectangular vertical skirt 4 equipped, on its periphery, with a peripheral bearing flange 5 serving for the bedding of the frame and, on its inner face, with a rim 6 serving as a bearing surface for the grating 3.
Two opposite lateral faces 7, 8 of the skirt 4 each possess, in the immediate vicinity of a lateral face 9 of the skirt 4 perpendicular to the two faces 7, 8, a cavity 10 with an axis X-X parallel to the perpendicular lateral face 9, the two cavities of the opposite lateral faces 7, 8 being coaxial.
The skirt 4 ends in a lateral face 11 opposite and parallel to the lateral face 9.
Each cavity 10 is formed in the skirt 4 of the frame above the bearing rim 6, approximately at mid-height between this bearing rim 6 and the top of the skirt 4.
Preferably, the distance between each cavity 10 and the perpendicular lateral face 9 is equal to the distance between each cavity 10 and the bearing rim 6.
The grating 3 is intended to be mounted in the frame 1. More particularly, it is intended to come to fit in the skirt 4 by being placed on the bearing rim 6.
According to the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, therefore, it has a generally rectangular shape, two opposite sides 12, 13 being intended to come to face the opposite lateral faces 7, 8 of the skirt 4, a side 14 perpendicular to these two sides 12, 13 being intended to come to face the perpendicular lateral face 9 of the skirt 4, and a fourth side 15, opposite the side 14, ending this grating 3 and being intended to come to face the face of the skirt 4.
The two sides 12 and 13 of this grating 3 each comprise a lateral bar 16, one end 161 of which is equipped, at mid-height on an outer lateral face of said bar, with a pivot 17 with a horizontal axis Y-Y coinciding, when the grating 3 is mounted in the frame 1, with the horizontal axis X-X of the cavities 10 of the skirt 4, these cavities 10 of the frame 1 being intended to receive the pivots 17 of the grating 3 which can thus pivot about the axis X-X.
Between these two lateral bars 16, the grating 3 comprises a series of bars 18 which are parallel in the embodiment shown, each bar 18 being connected to an adjacent bar by means of at least one spacer 19.
As can be seen illustrated in Fig. 3, each lateral bar 16 is itself connected to the bar 18 adjacent to it by means of at least one spacer 19.
The bars 18 comprise an upper face 20, defining the upper surface of the grating 3, and a lower face 21 intended to come into contact, at one end 22, 23 respectively of the bars 18, with the bearing rim 6 in its zone adjacent to the lateral face, 9, 11 respectively, of the skirt 4.
As can be seen in Fig. 4, because the grating 3 is intended to be movable in rotation about the axis X-X of the frame 1, and because the lateral bars 16, at their end 161, and the bars 18, at their end 22, are in the immediate vicinity of the bearing rim 6 and of the lateral face 9 of the skirt 4, there is a theoretical cylindrical surface S with an axis X-X and a radius R in relation to the axis X-X of the frame 1, such that any part P of the grating 3 of which the volume will project beyond this theoretical surface S will, during rotation of this grating 3 about the axis X-X of the frame 1, come into contact either with the bearing rim 6, as shown, or with the skirt 4.
As can be seen in Fig. 4, the radius R corresponds to the minimum distance between the axis X-X of the cavities 10 and the frame 1.
If this part P of the grating 3 is connected to the rest of the grating 3 in a completely rigid manner, the rotation can then no longer continue, the grating 3 being trapped in the cavities 10 within the frame 1 by means of its pivots 17.
It is precisely a characteristic of the present invention to produce a grating 3 comprising, along the axis Y-Y of this grating 3, a middle zone Z1 and two lateral zones Z2, the middle zone Z1 having at least one part P, located on the side 14 of the grating 3, which projects beyond this theoretical surface S, the middle zone Z1 being connected resiliently to the lateral zones Z2 of the grating 3 by means of spacers 191 not located on the axis X-X and performing the function of torsion bars, the grating being in one piece and the natural resilience of the material comprising the grating 3, for example spheroidal graphite iron, being sufficient.
Thus, when this part P comes into contact with the frame 1, because the middle zone Z1 supporting this part P is connected resiliently to the rest of the grating 3, a torque opposing the rotation of the grating 3 is generated.
As can be seen in Fig. 6, taking C to be the tangent point of the surface S with respect to the frame 1 and taking F to be the direction of rotation for opening the grating 3, with a part Pl of the middle zone Z1 of a grating 3 contacting the frame 1 at a point Cl located downstream of the point C in the direction of rotation F, and with a part P2 of the middle zone Z1 of a grating 3 touching the frame 1 at a point C2 located upstream of the point C in the direction of rotation F, it is clear that a grating 3 equipped with a profile of the type Pl will, at the outset, be free to rotate until the profile Pl comes into contact with the frame 1, whereas a grating 3 equipped with a profile of the type P2 will immediately have this profile P2 oppose the rotation of the grating 3 about the axis X-X.
Moreover, for each profile Pl and P2, there are three characteristic points M, Ml and M2, the point M corresponding to the point of the profile Pl or P2 furthest away from the axis X-X, and the points Ml and M2 corresponding to the two points of intersection of the profile Pl or P2 with the surface S.
It will be seen that, in the case of a grating 3 equipped with a profile P2 as described in Fig. 6, the point M2 coincides with the point C.
A grating 3 equipped with a middle zone Z1 having a profile of the type P2 is described in Fig. 5.
The mounting and then the operation of the device according to the invention will now be described.
To mount in the frame 1 a grating 3 equipped, for example, with a profile Pl as described in Fig. 4 and Fig. 6, a pinching of the grating 3 is carried out in the region of the ends 161 of the lateral bars 16.
This is made possible by the fact that the grating is divided into three zones, the middle zone Zl being connected resiliently to the two lateral zones Z2, the resilient connection simply being made by means of a spacer.
Thus, the pivots 17 of the grating 3 are placed opposite the orifices 10 of the frame 1 into which.they penetrate.
During this operation, the grating 3 is vertical.
Once the grating 3 has been placed vertically in the frame 1, it is rotated about the axis X-X of the frame 1 until the part P of the middle zone Zl comes into contact with the frame 1 either in the region of the bearing rim 6 or in the region of the face 9 of the skirt 4 in the region of the contact point Ml corresponding to the intersection of the curve S with the profile of the part P.
From this moment, the middle zone Zl, as a result of the torsion of the spacers 191 connecting it to the lateral zones Z2, moves away from the plane defined by the two lateral zones Z2, thus generating a torque which opposes closing of the grating, the part P rubbing against the corresponding surface of the frame 1 against which it bears.
As the grating 3 continues to rotate, if sufficient force is exerted on it a torque opposing rotation of the grating 3 will be generated, until the contact point of the part P with the frame 1 corresponds to the above-defined point M corresponding to the maximum torque. The torque subsequently decreases again as far as the point M2. From this moment, there is no longer any contact between the part P of the zone Zl and the frame 1.
When the grating 3 is to be opened, the same phenomenon occurs, this time in the region of the point M2.
In fact, the grating 3 rotates freely until the point M2 of the middle zone Zl comes into contact with the frame 1. From this moment and until the contact point Ml is reached, a torque which opposes rotation of the grating 3 will be generated, thus opposing opening of the grating 3.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the grating is prestressed. Thus the grating, bearing on the corresponding surfaces of the frame 1, has a middle part Z1 bearing with its part P on the bearing rim 6, this bearing being effected such that the spacers 191 connecting the middle zone Z1 to the two lateral zones Z2 experience torsion while exerting a torque which, from the outset when the grating 3 rests on the frame 1, opposes rotation of the grating 3.
The device according to the invention for capping a discharge shaft thus makes it possible, on the one hand, to lock the grating in its frame in the closed position and, on the other hand, to avoid inopportune closing when the grating is in the vertical position.
Claims (3)
1. Device for capping a discharge shaft, comprising a grating , (3) of generally rectangular shape, articulated in a frame (1) of generally rectangular shape along an axis Y-Y of pivoting of 5 the grating (3) which corresponds to one of the sides of the latter and coincides with an axis X-X parallel to one of the sides (9) of the frame (1) when the grating (3) is mounted in the frame (1), this grating (3) being equipped with bars (18) connected to one another by means of spacers (19), characterized 10 in that the grating (3) is divided, along its axis of pivoting, into a middle part (Zl) and two lateral parts (Z2) connected resiliently to the middle part (Zl) by means of spacers (191) which are not located on the axis X-X and which perform the function of torsion bars, one end of the middle part (Zl) 15 adjacent to the axis of pivoting being intended to come to bear against a corresponding surface of the frame (1) while exerting a torque opposing movement of the grating (3) about its axis of pivoting.
2. Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that, when the 20 grating (3) bears on the corresponding surfaces of the frame (1), its middle part (Zl) bears on a bearing rim (6) of the frame (1), this bearing being effected such that the spacers (191) connecting the said middle part (Zl) to the two lateral parts (Z2) experience torsion while exerting a torque which, from the 25 outset when the grating (3) rests on the frame (1), opposes rotation of the grating (3).
3. A device according to Claim 1, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8912938A FR2652606B1 (en) | 1989-09-29 | 1989-09-29 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CROWNING AN EVACUATION CHIMNEY. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
IE903496A1 IE903496A1 (en) | 1991-04-10 |
IE63970B1 true IE63970B1 (en) | 1995-06-28 |
Family
ID=9386060
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
IE349690A IE63970B1 (en) | 1989-09-29 | 1990-09-28 | A device for capping a discharge shaft |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0420778B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE88523T1 (en) |
DD (2) | DD298145A5 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69001415T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK0420778T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2036160T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2652606B1 (en) |
GR (1) | GR3007683T3 (en) |
IE (1) | IE63970B1 (en) |
NO (1) | NO177506C (en) |
PT (1) | PT95443B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8192110B1 (en) * | 2009-03-10 | 2012-06-05 | Bryant Donald W | Yard storm drain emitter |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2119836A (en) * | 1982-01-29 | 1983-11-23 | Brickhouse Dudley Mfg | Manhole cover or grating and frame assemblies |
-
1989
- 1989-09-29 FR FR8912938A patent/FR2652606B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1990
- 1990-09-21 AT AT90470052T patent/ATE88523T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-09-21 DE DE9090470052T patent/DE69001415T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-09-21 DK DK90470052.3T patent/DK0420778T3/en active
- 1990-09-21 EP EP90470052A patent/EP0420778B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-09-21 ES ES199090470052T patent/ES2036160T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-09-25 DD DD90344193A patent/DD298145A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-09-25 DD DD90344194A patent/DD298146A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-09-26 NO NO904180A patent/NO177506C/en unknown
- 1990-09-27 PT PT95443A patent/PT95443B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-09-28 IE IE349690A patent/IE63970B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1993
- 1993-04-22 GR GR920402978T patent/GR3007683T3/el unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2652606B1 (en) | 1991-12-13 |
ES2036160T1 (en) | 1993-05-16 |
NO177506C (en) | 1997-12-29 |
PT95443B (en) | 1998-06-30 |
DD298145A5 (en) | 1992-02-06 |
NO177506B (en) | 1995-06-19 |
DD298146A5 (en) | 1992-02-06 |
NO904180D0 (en) | 1990-09-26 |
EP0420778A1 (en) | 1991-04-03 |
DE69001415D1 (en) | 1993-05-27 |
FR2652606A1 (en) | 1991-04-05 |
NO904180L (en) | 1991-04-02 |
PT95443A (en) | 1992-06-30 |
IE903496A1 (en) | 1991-04-10 |
DK0420778T3 (en) | 1993-05-17 |
ES2036160T3 (en) | 1993-10-16 |
ATE88523T1 (en) | 1993-05-15 |
GR3007683T3 (en) | 1993-08-31 |
EP0420778B1 (en) | 1993-04-21 |
DE69001415T2 (en) | 1993-07-29 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
MM4A | Patent lapsed |