FR2927369A3 - Exhaust gas pollutant e.g. hydrocarbon, anti-polluting method for motor vehicle, involves activating exhaust gas recirculation circuit with by-pass circuit that is closed to cool gas re-circulated via cooler in hot running phase of engine - Google Patents

Exhaust gas pollutant e.g. hydrocarbon, anti-polluting method for motor vehicle, involves activating exhaust gas recirculation circuit with by-pass circuit that is closed to cool gas re-circulated via cooler in hot running phase of engine Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2927369A3
FR2927369A3 FR0800715A FR0800715A FR2927369A3 FR 2927369 A3 FR2927369 A3 FR 2927369A3 FR 0800715 A FR0800715 A FR 0800715A FR 0800715 A FR0800715 A FR 0800715A FR 2927369 A3 FR2927369 A3 FR 2927369A3
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France
Prior art keywords
oxidation catalyst
motor vehicle
circuit
exhaust gas
recirculation
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FR0800715A
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French (fr)
Inventor
Philippe Arribard
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Renault SAS
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Renault SAS
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Priority to FR0800715A priority Critical patent/FR2927369A3/en
Publication of FR2927369A3 publication Critical patent/FR2927369A3/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
    • F01N11/002—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity the diagnostic devices measuring or estimating temperature or pressure in, or downstream of the exhaust apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/103—Oxidation catalysts for HC and CO only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D41/0047—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]
    • F02D41/0065—Specific aspects of external EGR control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
    • F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
    • F02D41/06—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up
    • F02D41/062—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up for starting
    • F02D41/064—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up for starting at cold start
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
    • F02M26/04—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines with a single turbocharger
    • F02M26/05—High pressure loops, i.e. wherein recirculated exhaust gas is taken out from the exhaust system upstream of the turbine and reintroduced into the intake system downstream of the compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
    • F02M26/04—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines with a single turbocharger
    • F02M26/06—Low pressure loops, i.e. wherein recirculated exhaust gas is taken out from the exhaust downstream of the turbocharger turbine and reintroduced into the intake system upstream of the compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/22—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
    • F02M26/23—Layout, e.g. schematics
    • F02M26/25—Layout, e.g. schematics with coolers having bypasses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/22—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
    • F02M26/23—Layout, e.g. schematics
    • F02M26/28—Layout, e.g. schematics with liquid-cooled heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/16—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust apparatus, e.g. particulate filter or catalyst
    • F01N2900/1602—Temperature of exhaust gas apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/16—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust apparatus, e.g. particulate filter or catalyst
    • F01N2900/1621—Catalyst conversion efficiency
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/08—Exhaust gas treatment apparatus parameters
    • F02D2200/0812—Particle filter loading
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Abstract

The method involves implementing a single low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation circuit (11) in an intermediate phase where an oxidation catalyst (14) is started with a defusing risk. The recirculation circuit is implemented with an activation of a by-pass circuit (16) on a low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation path, so as to circulate an entire or part of an exhaust gas re-circulated out of a charge air cooler (8). The recirculation circuit is activated with the by-pass circuit that is closed for cooling the gas re-circulated through the cooler in a last hot running phase of an engine (1). An independent claim is also included for a device for anti-polluting a motorization system for a motor vehicle.

Description

REN065FR PJ7713 DA dépôt 1 L'invention concerne un procédé de gestion de la dépollution des gaz d'échappement pour véhicule automobile. Enfin, elle concerne aussi un dispositif anti-pollution et un véhicule automobile en tant que tels comprenant un tel procédé de dépollution. The invention relates to a method for managing the pollution control of exhaust gases for a motor vehicle. Finally, it also relates to an anti-pollution device and a motor vehicle as such comprising such a depollution process.

Il existe dans l'état de la technique des solutions pour lutter contre la pollution provoquée par les gaz d'échappement des véhicules automobiles. La figure 1 illustre une telle solution, qui comprend un moteur 1 alimenté en air par une entrée 2, un compresseur 3, un échangeur 4 dit radiateur d'air de suralimentation puis une admission moteur 5. Pour diminuer l'émission en Nox des gaz d'échappement sortant sur l'échappement 6 du véhicule, une première solution, connue sous la dénomination anglo-saxonne d'EGR (Exhaust Gaz Recirculation) haute pression, consiste en une recirculation 12 des gaz d'échappement depuis la sortie du moteur jusqu'à l'admission du moteur 5, selon un taux défini par une vanne 13. Une seconde solution, connue sous sa dénomination d'EGR basse pression, consiste en une recirculation 11 d'une partie des gaz d'échappement récupérés vers la sortie du véhicule, après leur passage par différents dispositifs de traitements comme un catalyseur d'oxydation 14 et un filtre à particules 15, pour leur réadmission à l'entrée du compresseur 3. Une vanne d'échappement deux voies 7 avec volet d'échappement permet de régler la quantité de gaz basse pression à recirculer. Un refroidisseur d'air de suralimentation 8 est disposé sur la voie de recirculation basse pression 11, en aval du compresseur 3 de suralimentation. Dans le cas d'un échangeur gaz/eau, ce dernier est alimenté en liquide de refroidissement par un circuit de refroidissement complémentaire fonctionnant à plus basse température que la température de régulation du moteur.30 REN065FR PJ7713 DA dépôt 2 Le fonctionnement de ces solutions EGR haute et basse pression selon l'état de la technique est en général combiné en fonction des conditions de fonctionnement du moteur. Par exemple, la recirculation des gaz haute pression refroidis ou non refroidis est nécessaire, combinée avec celle des gaz basse pression, lorsque le moteur est en phase initiale de montée en température, et que le catalyseur d'oxydation n'est pas encore amorcé, c'est-à-dire qu'il ne filtre pas encore une quantité suffisante des émissions de HC et de CO, car l'EGR basse pression tend à augmenter ces émissions polluantes. De plus, toujours dans ces mêmes conditions de fonctionnement dit froid du moteur, l'EGR basse pression entraîne parfois une surproduction d'hydrocarbure, qui peut être compensée par le fonctionnement simultané de l'EGR haute pression. Lorsque le régime du moteur devient suffisant, que ce dernier est en fonctionnement dit chaud , l'EGR basse pression peut suffire, l'introduction de ces gaz recirculés relativement froids, refroidis par le refroidisseur d'air de suralimentation 8, étant favorable à la réduction des émissions d'oxydes d'azotes ou de particules. Ces solutions présentent l'inconvénient d'un manque d'optimisation de cette architecture EGR dû à la gestion des commutations et interactions entre ces deux circuits EGR haute et basse pression qui sont combinés. En effet, la maîtrise de ce dispositif est très délicate du fait de la rupture de débit lors d'une commutation d'un circuit à l'autre, du fait des inerties thermiques subies lors d'une transition d'un circuit à l'autre, du fait de l'interaction entre les régulations des circuits EGR de la suralimentation. Ainsi, aucun de ces systèmes ne parvient à une dépollution optimale dans toutes les conditions de fonctionnement du moteur. In the state of the art, there exist solutions for combating the pollution caused by the exhaust gases of motor vehicles. FIG. 1 illustrates such a solution, which comprises a motor 1 fed with air through an inlet 2, a compressor 3, a heat exchanger 4, called a charge air radiator and then a motor inlet 5. To reduce the emission of NOx from the gases Exhaust exhaust on the exhaust 6 of the vehicle, a first solution, known as the English high-pressure Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR), consists of a recirculation 12 of the exhaust gas from the engine outlet until at the intake of the engine 5, according to a rate defined by a valve 13. A second solution, known as low pressure EGR, consists of a recirculation 11 of a portion of the exhaust gas recovered to the outlet of the vehicle, after they have passed through different treatment devices such as an oxidation catalyst 14 and a particulate filter 15, for their readmission to the compressor inlet 3. A two-way exhaust valve 7 with exhaust flap ppement allows to adjust the amount of low pressure gas to recirculate. A charge air cooler 8 is disposed on the low pressure recirculation lane 11, downstream of the supercharger compressor 3. In the case of a gas / water heat exchanger, the latter is supplied with cooling liquid by a complementary cooling circuit operating at a lower temperature than the engine control temperature.30 REN065EN PJ7713 DA depot 2 The operation of these EGR solutions high and low pressure according to the state of the art is generally combined according to the operating conditions of the engine. For example, the recirculation of the cooled or uncooled high pressure gases is necessary, combined with that of the low pressure gases, when the engine is in the initial phase of temperature rise, and that the oxidation catalyst is not yet initiated, that is, it does not yet filter a sufficient amount of HC and CO emissions, because low pressure EGR tends to increase these pollutant emissions. In addition, still under the same cold operating conditions of the engine, the low pressure EGR sometimes leads to overproduction of hydrocarbon, which can be compensated for by the simultaneous operation of the high pressure EGR. When the engine speed becomes sufficient, the latter is in so-called hot operation, the low pressure EGR may be sufficient, the introduction of these relatively cool recirculated gases, cooled by the charge air cooler 8, being favorable to the reduction of emissions of nitrogen oxides or particles. These solutions have the disadvantage of a lack of optimization of this EGR architecture due to the management of switching and interactions between these two high and low pressure EGR circuits are combined. Indeed, the control of this device is very delicate because of the rupture of flow during a switch from one circuit to the other, because of the thermal inertia experienced during a transition of a circuit to the other, because of the interaction between the regulations of the EGR circuits of the supercharging. Thus, none of these systems achieves optimal depollution in all operating conditions of the engine.

Le but de l'invention est un dispositif et un procédé anti-pollution obviant aux inconvénients cités précédemment.30 REN065FR PJ7713 DA dépôt 3 A cet effet, l'invention repose sur un procédé de dépollution des gaz d'échappement émis par un véhicule automobile, comprenant un moteur, un catalyseur d'oxydation de deux circuits de recirculation de gaz d'échappement (EGR) respectivement basse et haute pression, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend la mise en oeuvre des trois phase suivantes : -dans une première phase de montée en température du moteur durant laquelle le catalyseur d'oxydation n'est pas amorcé, mise en oeuvre d'une seule recirculation de gaz d'échappement (EGR) haute pression ; -dans une phase intermédiaire où le catalyseur d'oxydation est amorcé avec un risque de désamorçage, mise en oeuvre d'une seule recirculation EGR basse pression, avec activation du circuit de by-pass sur la voie de recirculation EGR basse pression, de sorte de faire circuler tout ou partie des gaz basse pression recirculés hors du refroidisseur d'air de suralimentation ; -dans une dernière phase de régime chaud du moteur, seul l'EGR basse pression est activée avec le circuit de by-pass fermé pour refroidir les gaz d'échappement recirculés au travers du refroidisseur d'air de suralimentation. The object of the invention is a device and an anti-pollution process obviating the drawbacks mentioned above. For this purpose, the invention is based on a process for the depollution of the exhaust gases emitted by a motor vehicle. , comprising a motor, an oxidation catalyst of two exhaust gas recirculation circuits (EGR) respectively low and high pressure, characterized in that it comprises the implementation of the following three phases: in a first phase engine temperature rise during which the oxidation catalyst is not primed, using a single high-pressure exhaust gas recirculation (EGR); in an intermediate phase where the oxidation catalyst is primed with a risk of defusing, implementation of a single low pressure EGR recirculation, with activation of the bypass circuit on the low pressure EGR recirculation channel, so circulating all or part of the recirculated low pressure gases out of the charge air cooler; in a last phase of hot engine operation, only the low pressure EGR is activated with the closed bypass circuit for cooling the recirculated exhaust gases through the charge air cooler.

Selon un mode d'exécution, le procédé de dépollution des gaz d'échappement comprend une phase de détermination en temps réel de l'état du catalyseur d'oxydation. Cet état du catalyseur d'oxydation peut être mesuré par un capteur et transmis à une unité de gestion du moteur. According to one embodiment, the exhaust gas depollution process comprises a phase of determining in real time the state of the oxidation catalyst. This state of the oxidation catalyst can be measured by a sensor and transmitted to an engine management unit.

En variante, il peut être mesuré par un logiciel de calcul sur la base d'une modélisation de son fonctionnement au sein d'une unité de gestion du moteur. Alternatively, it can be measured by a calculation software based on a modeling of its operation within an engine management unit.

Selon un mode d'exécution, l'amorçage du catalyseur d'oxydation est 30 déterminé quand son taux de filtration des particules de HC et CO REN065FR PJ7713 DA dépôt 4 dépasse 50%, et il est considéré qu'il y a risque d'amorçage nécessitant le fonctionnement selon la phase intermédiaire quand ce taux est sensiblement compris entre 50 et 80 %. According to one embodiment, the initiation of the oxidation catalyst is determined when its filtration rate of the particles of HC and CO RE065FR PJ7713 DA deposit 4 exceeds 50%, and it is considered that there is a risk of priming requiring operation according to the intermediate phase when this rate is substantially between 50 and 80%.

L'invention repose aussi sur un dispositif de dépollution d'un système de motorisation pour véhicule automobile, comprenant un moteur, un circuit d'échappement comprenant un catalyseur d'oxydation, un premier circuit de recirculation de gaz d'échappement (EGR) basse pression depuis l'aval du catalyseur d'oxydation, ce premier circuit EGR basse pression comprenant un refroidisseur d'air de recirculation, et un second circuit de recirculation EGR haute pression, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un circuit de by-pass et une vanne de commande de ce circuit de by-pass permettant à un taux défini de gaz recirculés par le circuit de recirculation basse pression d'éviter de traverser le refroidisseur d'air de recirculation, et en ce qu'il comprend une unité de gestion mettant en oeuvre le procédé décrit précédemment. The invention also relies on a pollution control device for a motor vehicle engine system, comprising a motor, an exhaust circuit comprising an oxidation catalyst, a first low exhaust gas recirculation circuit (EGR). pressure from the downstream of the oxidation catalyst, this first low pressure EGR circuit comprising a recirculating air cooler, and a second high pressure EGR recirculation circuit, characterized in that it comprises a bypass circuit and a control valve of this bypass circuit allowing a defined rate of gas recirculated by the low pressure recirculation circuit to avoid passing through the recirculating air cooler, and in that it comprises a management unit implementing the method described above.

L'unité de gestion du dispositif peut comprendre un moyen de commande des première vannes permettant de définir respectivement les taux de recirculation EGR basse et haute pression, et de la seconde vanne pour définir le taux de gaz basse pression recirculés au travers soit du refroidisseur d'air de recirculation soit du circuit de by-pass. The management unit of the device may comprise a means for controlling the first valves for defining respectively the low and high pressure EGR recirculation rates, and the second valve for defining the recirculated low pressure gas flow rate through either the cooler recirculation air is the bypass circuit.

Le dispositif peut comprendre un capteur en aval du catalyseur 25 d'oxydation afin de mesurer l'état amorcé ou non du catalyseur. The device may include a sensor downstream of the oxidation catalyst to measure whether or not the catalyst has been primed.

L'unité de gestion peut mettre en oeuvre un calcul de l'état du catalyseur d'oxydation à partir d'une modélisation de ce catalyseur d'oxydation afin de déterminer l'état amorcé ou non du catalyseur. 30 REN065FR PJ7713 DA dépôt 5 L'invention porte aussi sur un véhicule automobile comprenant un dispositif de dépollution tel que décrit précédemment. The management unit can implement a calculation of the state of the oxidation catalyst from a modeling of this oxidation catalyst in order to determine the state of the catalyst that has been initiated or not. The invention also relates to a motor vehicle comprising a depollution device as described above.

Ces objets, caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention seront exposés en détail dans la description suivante d'un mode d'exécution particulier fait à titre non-limitatif en relation avec les figures jointes parmi lesquelles : These objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in detail in the following description of a particular embodiment made in a non-limiting manner in relation to the appended figures among which:

La figure 1 représente un dispositif de motorisation avec système de dépollution selon l'état de la technique ; la figure 2 représente un dispositif de motorisation avec système de dépollution selon un mode d'exécution de l'invention ; la figure 3 représente un dispositif de motorisation avec système de dépollution selon une variante du mode d'exécution de l'invention. 15 Les figures 2 et 3 illustrent une mise en oeuvre de l'invention dans laquelle les mêmes éléments que dans la figure 1 de l'état de la technique portent les mêmes références. Cette solution prévoit l'utilisation d'un circuit de by-pass 16 du refroidisseur d'air de suralimentation 8 disposé sur la voie de 20 recirculation basse pression 11, ce circuit de by-pass 16 étant atteint ou non selon la position d'une vanne 17 montée en amont du refroidisseur 8 selon le mode d'exécution illustré sur la figure 2, ou en aval de ce refroidisseur 8 selon la variante illustrée sur la figure 3. En variante, un refroidisseur et un by-pass similaires peuvent être disposés sur le circuit 25 de recirculation haute pression. FIG. 1 represents a motorization device with a pollution control system according to the state of the art; FIG. 2 represents a motorization device with a pollution control system according to an embodiment of the invention; FIG. 3 represents a motorization device with a pollution control system according to a variant of the embodiment of the invention. FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate an implementation of the invention in which the same elements as in FIG. 1 of the state of the art bear the same references. This solution provides for the use of a bypass circuit 16 of the charge air cooler 8 disposed on the low pressure recirculation lane 11, this bypass circuit 16 being reached or not depending on the position of a valve 17 mounted upstream of the cooler 8 according to the embodiment illustrated in Figure 2, or downstream of the cooler 8 according to the variant illustrated in Figure 3. Alternatively, a similar cooler and bypass can be arranged on the high-pressure recirculation circuit.

Ce dispositif permet la mise en oeuvre d'un procédé de dépollution optimisé des gaz d'échappement émis par le moteur 1, adapté aux différents régimes de fonctionnement du moteur. Ce procédé est géré par 30 une unité de contrôle non représentée, qui peut présenter une architecture REN065FR PJ7713 DA dépôt 6 matérielle et/ou logicielle (hardware et/ou software) en boucle ouverte. Selon ce procédé, trois phases de fonctionnement du moteur sont distinguées. This device allows the implementation of an optimized pollution control process of the exhaust gas emitted by the engine 1, adapted to the different operating speeds of the engine. This method is managed by a not shown control unit, which may have a hardware and / or software (hardware and / or software) architecture in an open loop. According to this method, three phases of operation of the engine are distinguished.

Dans une première phase de montée en température, quand le moteur est froid et que le catalyseur d'oxydation 14 n'est pas efficace, seul le circuit EGR haute pression 12 est mis en oeuvre. Cette solution réduit les émissions de CO et HC grâce à l'augmentation de la température des gaz recirculés et la réduction des gaz traversant les dispositifs de post-traitement 14, 15. In a first phase of temperature rise, when the engine is cold and the oxidation catalyst 14 is not effective, only the high pressure EGR circuit 12 is implemented. This solution reduces CO and HC emissions by increasing the temperature of the recirculated gases and reducing the gases passing through the after-treatment devices 14, 15.

Dans une phase intermédiaire qui débute à l'amorçage du catalyseur d'oxydation 14, la recirculation EGR haute pression est désactivée alors que la recirculation basse pression est au contraire activée. L'amorçage du catalyseur est en général déterminé par un certain taux prédéfini de filtration des gaz polluants HC et CO, ce taux augmentant avec la température. En général, le taux de 50% est choisi pour définir l'état dit d'amorçage du catalyseur d'oxydation. Dans cette phase intermédiaire durant laquelle le catalyseur d'oxydation est proche de l'amorçage, où il existe un risque de désamorçage, le circuit de by-pass 16 est activé sur la voie de recirculation EGR basse pression, de sorte de faire circuler tout ou partie de ces gaz recirculés hors du refroidisseur d'air de suralimentation 8 et éviter ou limiter le refroidissement de ces gaz recirculés afin d'éviter le désamorçage du catalyseur d'oxydation 14. Le taux de gaz de l'EGR basse pression traversant le circuit de by-pass 16 peut être progressif et continu et diminuer progressivement quand le risque de désamorçage diminue. Selon le mode d'exécution, il est considéré qu'il y a risque de désamorçage nécessitant le fonctionnement selon cette phase intermédiaire quand le taux de filtration du catalyseur d'oxydation est sensiblement compris entre 50 et 80 %. In an intermediate phase which starts at the initiation of the oxidation catalyst 14, the high pressure EGR recirculation is deactivated while the low pressure recirculation is activated instead. Priming of the catalyst is generally determined by a certain predefined rate of filtration of the polluting gases HC and CO, this rate increasing with temperature. In general, the level of 50% is chosen to define the so-called priming state of the oxidation catalyst. In this intermediate phase during which the oxidation catalyst is close to priming, where there is a risk of defusing, the bypass circuit 16 is activated on the low pressure EGR recirculation path, so as to circulate any or part of these gases recirculated out of the charge air cooler 8 and avoid or limit the cooling of these recirculated gases to avoid the defusing of the oxidation catalyst 14. The gas ratio of the low-pressure EGR passing through the By-pass circuit 16 can be progressive and continuous and decrease gradually when the risk of defusing decreases. According to the embodiment, it is considered that there is a risk of defusing requiring operation according to this intermediate phase when the filtration rate of the oxidation catalyst is substantially between 50 and 80%.

REN065FR PJ7713 DA dépôt 7 Enfin, en régime chaud du moteur, quand il n'y a plus de risque de désamorçage du catalyseur d'oxydation, seul I'EGR basse pression est activée, le circuit de by-pass 16 est fermé et l'intégralité des gaz recirculés traversent le circuit EGR basse pression 11 et le refroidisseur d'air de suralimentation 8. Le taux d'EGR peut aussi être augmenté pour atteindre un rendement maximal de dépollution. Cette augmentation des gaz brûlés recirculés à faible température permet de réduire fortement les émissions polluantes, de type NOx. Lastly, in hot engine mode, when there is no longer any risk of defusing the oxidation catalyst, only the low-pressure EGR is activated, the by-pass circuit 16 is closed and the low-pressure EGR is activated. All of the recirculated gases pass through the low pressure EGR circuit 11 and the charge air cooler 8. The EGR rate can also be increased to achieve a maximum depollution efficiency. This increase in recirculated flue gases at low temperatures makes it possible to significantly reduce pollutant emissions, such as NOx.

Ce procédé est mis en oeuvre par l'intermédiaire des différentes vannes de recirculation EGR, 7, 13, et de la vanne 17 gérant le circuit de by-pass 16. Le positionnement de ces vannes est contrôlé par l'unité de contrôle décrite précédemment. Pour déterminer le taux de filtration du catalyseur et connaître son état, amorcé ou non, le dispositif peut comprendre un capteur positionné en sortie du catalyseur d'oxydation transmettant sa mesure à l'unité de contrôle ou l'unité de contrôle peut mettre en oeuvre un calcul basé sur une modélisation du fonctionnement du catalyseur d'oxydation. This method is implemented by means of the various EGR recirculation valves, 7, 13, and the valve 17 managing the bypass circuit 16. The positioning of these valves is controlled by the control unit previously described. . To determine the filtration rate of the catalyst and to know its state, whether or not primed, the device may comprise a sensor positioned at the outlet of the oxidation catalyst transmitting its measurement to the control unit where the control unit can implement a calculation based on a modeling of the operation of the oxidation catalyst.

Ainsi, le procédé selon l'invention se caractérise donc par le fait que les deux boucles EGR haute pression 12 et basse pression 11 ne sont jamais utilisées simultanément, ce qui facilite la gestion globale du dispositif et la maîtrise en dynamique du taux d'EGR dans toutes les situations environnementales rencontrées. De plus, grâce au circuit de by-pass 16, la température des gaz recirculés est optimisée pour réduire globalement les pollutions de nature différente, comme les composants HC, CO, NOx. Thus, the method according to the invention is therefore characterized by the fact that the two high pressure 12 and low pressure 11 EGR loops are never used simultaneously, which facilitates the overall management of the device and the dynamic control of the EGR rate. in all environmental situations encountered. In addition, thanks to the bypass circuit 16, the temperature of the recirculated gases is optimized to reduce overall pollutions of different nature, such as components HC, CO, NOx.

Claims (10)

Revendicationsclaims 1. Procédé de dépollution des gaz d'échappement émis par un véhicule automobile, comprenant un moteur (1), un catalyseur d'oxydation (14) de deux circuits (11, 12) de recirculation de gaz d'échappement (EGR) respectivement basse et haute pression, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend la mise en oeuvre des trois phase suivantes : -dans une première phase de montée en température du moteur (1) durant laquelle le catalyseur d'oxydation (14) n'est pas amorcé, mise en oeuvre d'une seule recirculation (12) de gaz d'échappement (EGR) haute pression ; -dans une phase intermédiaire où le catalyseur d'oxydation (14) est amorcé avec un risque de désamorçage, mise en oeuvre d'une seule recirculation EGR basse pression (11), avec activation du circuit de by- pass (16) sur la voie de recirculation EGR basse pression (11), de sorte de faire circuler tout ou partie des gaz basse pression recirculés hors du refroidisseur d'air de suralimentation (8) ; -dans une dernière phase de régime chaud du moteur, seul l'EGR basse pression (11) est activée avec le circuit de by-pass (16) fermé pour refroidir les gaz d'échappement recirculés au travers du refroidisseur d'air de suralimentation (8). A method for the depollution of the exhaust gases emitted by a motor vehicle, comprising a motor (1), an oxidation catalyst (14) of two circuits (11, 12) for exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) respectively low and high pressure, characterized in that it comprises the implementation of the following three phases: in a first phase of temperature rise of the engine (1) during which the oxidation catalyst (14) is not initiated implementing a single recirculation (12) of high pressure exhaust gas (EGR); in an intermediate phase where the oxidation catalyst (14) is primed with a risk of defusing, implementation of a single low pressure EGR recirculation (11), with activation of the bypass circuit (16) on the low pressure EGR recirculation channel (11), so as to circulate all or part of the recirculated low pressure gases out of the charge air cooler (8); in a final phase of hot engine speed, only the low pressure EGR (11) is activated with the bypass circuit (16) closed to cool the recirculated exhaust gas through the charge air cooler (8). 2. Procédé de dépollution des gaz d'échappement émis par un véhicule automobile selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une phase de détermination en temps réel de l'état du catalyseur d'oxydation (14). 2. A method of cleaning up the exhaust gas emitted by a motor vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a phase of determination in real time of the state of the oxidation catalyst (14). 3. Procédé de dépollution des gaz d'échappement émis par un véhicule automobile selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'état du catalyseur d'oxydation (14) est mesuré par un capteur et transmis à une unité de gestion du moteur. 3. Process for the pollution of exhaust gases emitted by a motor vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that the state of the oxidation catalyst (14) is measured by a sensor and transmitted to an engine management unit. 4. Procédé de dépollution des gaz d'échappement émis par un véhicule automobile selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'état du catalyseur d'oxydation (14) est mesuré par un logiciel de calcul sur la base d'une modélisation de son fonctionnement au sein d'une unité de gestion du moteur. 4. Process for the pollution control of the exhaust gases emitted by a motor vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that the state of the oxidation catalyst (14) is measured by calculation software on the basis of a modeling of its operation within an engine management unit. 5. Procédé de dépollution des gaz d'échappement émis par un véhicule automobile selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'amorçage du catalyseur d'oxydation est déterminé quand son taux de filtration des particules de HC et CO dépasse 50%, et en ce qu'il y a risque d'amorçage nécessitant le fonctionnement selon la phase intermédiaire quand ce taux est sensiblement compris entre 50 et 80 %. 5. Process for the pollution control of the exhaust gases emitted by a motor vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the initiation of the oxidation catalyst is determined when its filtration rate of HC and CO particles exceeds 50. %, and in that there is risk of initiation requiring operation according to the intermediate phase when this rate is substantially between 50 and 80%. 6. Dispositif de dépollution d'un système de motorisation pour véhicule automobile, comprenant un moteur (1), un circuit d'échappement (6) comprenant un catalyseur d'oxydation (14), un premier circuit (11) de recirculation de gaz d'échappement (EGR) basse pression depuis l'aval du catalyseur d'oxydation (14), ce premier circuit (11) EGR basse pression comprenant un refroidisseur d'air de recirculation (8), et un second circuit (12) de recirculation EGR haute pression, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un circuit de by-pass (16) et une vanne de commande (17) de ce circuit de by-pass (16) permettant à un taux défini de gaz recirculés par le circuit de recirculation basse pression (11) d'éviter de traverser le refroidisseur d'air de recirculation (8), et en ce qu'il comprend une unité de gestion mettant en oeuvre le procédé selon une des revendications précédentes. 6. Device for the depollution of a drive system for a motor vehicle, comprising a motor (1), an exhaust circuit (6) comprising an oxidation catalyst (14), a first circuit (11) for recirculating gas exhaust system (EGR) from the downstream of the oxidation catalyst (14), said first low pressure EGR circuit (11) comprising a recirculating air cooler (8), and a second circuit (12) of high pressure EGR recirculation, characterized in that it comprises a bypass circuit (16) and a control valve (17) of this bypass circuit (16) allowing a defined rate of gas recirculated by the circuit low pressure recirculation (11) to avoid passing through the recirculating air cooler (8), and in that it comprises a management unit implementing the method according to one of the preceding claims. 7. Dispositif de dépollution pour véhicule automobile selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de gestion comprend un moyen de commande des vannes (7, 13) permettant de définir respectivement lestaux de recirculation EGR basse et haute pression, et de la vanne de commande (17) pour définir le taux de gaz basse pression recirculés au travers soit du refroidisseur d'air de recirculation (8) soit du circuit de by-pass (16). 7. A pollution control device for a motor vehicle according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the management unit comprises a valve control means (7, 13) for defining the low and high pressure EGR recirculation, respectively, and the control valve (17) for defining the rate of low pressure gas recirculated through either the recirculating air cooler (8) or the bypass circuit (16). 8. Dispositif de dépollution pour véhicule automobile selon la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un capteur en aval du catalyseur d'oxydation (14) afin de mesurer l'état amorcé ou non du catalyseur. 10 8. A pollution control device for a motor vehicle according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that it comprises a sensor downstream of the oxidation catalyst (14) to measure the primed state or not of the catalyst. 10 9. Dispositif de dépollution pour véhicule automobile selon la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de gestion peut mettre en oeuvre un calcul de l'état du catalyseur d'oxydation (14) à partir d'une modélisation de ce catalyseur d'oxydation afin de déterminer l'état amorcé ou non du catalyseur. 15 9. A pollution control device for a motor vehicle according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the management unit can implement a calculation of the state of the oxidation catalyst (14) from a modeling of this oxidation catalyst to determine the primed or uninitiated state of the catalyst. 15 10. Véhicule automobile comprenant un dispositif de dépollution selon l'une des revendications 6 à 9.5 10. Motor vehicle comprising a pollution control device according to one of claims 6 to 9.5
FR0800715A 2008-02-11 2008-02-11 Exhaust gas pollutant e.g. hydrocarbon, anti-polluting method for motor vehicle, involves activating exhaust gas recirculation circuit with by-pass circuit that is closed to cool gas re-circulated via cooler in hot running phase of engine Pending FR2927369A3 (en)

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