FR2509200A1 - Building material for making dams or walls in underground mines - contains large amt. of fly ash obtd. from electrostatic filters in coal burning power stations - Google Patents

Building material for making dams or walls in underground mines - contains large amt. of fly ash obtd. from electrostatic filters in coal burning power stations Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2509200A1
FR2509200A1 FR8204212A FR8204212A FR2509200A1 FR 2509200 A1 FR2509200 A1 FR 2509200A1 FR 8204212 A FR8204212 A FR 8204212A FR 8204212 A FR8204212 A FR 8204212A FR 2509200 A1 FR2509200 A1 FR 2509200A1
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Prior art keywords
calcium chloride
underground mines
fly ash
gypsum
building material
Prior art date
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Withdrawn
Application number
FR8204212A
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French (fr)
Inventor
Heinz Holter
Heinrich Igelbuscher
Heinrich Gresch
Heribert Dewert
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19813109879 external-priority patent/DE3109879A1/en
Priority claimed from DE3113714A external-priority patent/DE3113714C2/en
Priority claimed from DE3124003A external-priority patent/DE3124003C2/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of FR2509200A1 publication Critical patent/FR2509200A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
    • E21F15/005—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings characterised by the kind or composition of the backfilling material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
    • B01D53/501—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with a solution or a suspension of an alkali or earth-alkali or ammonium compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
    • C01F11/00—Compounds of calcium, strontium, or barium
    • C01F11/20—Halides
    • C01F11/24—Chlorides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
    • C01F11/00—Compounds of calcium, strontium, or barium
    • C01F11/46—Sulfates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
    • C04B18/062—Purification products of smoke, fume or exhaust-gases
    • C04B18/064—Gypsum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Abstract

The parent patent described a building material used for making dams, back-up walls, or for lining tunnels in underground mines. The novelty in the present invention is that the material includes more than 25% of fly ash collected in the electrostatic filters of coal-burning power stations, so the disposal costs involved with fly ash are further reduced. The building material pref. also contains 2.5% CaC12, 2H20, and 0.3-2.0% stearates, esp. aluminium stearate. The material has adequate strength for use in underground mines despite its high content of fly ash. In an example a mixt. contained ca. 60% gypsum; Ca. 5% anhydrite; more than 25% fly ash obtd. from electrostatic filters; 10% portland cement type 350; 2.5% CaC12, 2H20; and 0.3-2% aluminium stearate used to accelerate setting.

Description

Procédé pour la purification des résidus laissés par les centrales au charbon et matériaux de serrement l'exploitation des mines souterraines
Les gaz d'évacuation des centrales au charbon doivent être purifiés.Process for the purification of residues left by coal-fired power plants and squeezing materials the operation of underground mines
The exhaust gases from coal-fired power plants must be purified.

Les poussières dites d'électrofiltre sont séparées lors de la purification du gaz au moyen d1électrofiltres ou de toiles filtrantes0
Ces poussières peuvent être très difficiles à stocker à cause de leur faible poids spécifique et de leur finesse, car il suffit du plus léger souffle d'air pour les chasser0
Quand on désulfure les gaz de fumée provenant des centrales au charbon, le gypse précipite généralement comme sous-produit.Pour transformer ces deux résidus, qui se produisent inévitablement1en un produit final bien utilisable, en utilisant la chaleur perdue, il est proposé selon la présente invention de transformer le produit humide CaS04.2H20, qui s'accumule derrière les filtres à vide à tambour ou der rière les centrifugeuses après le lavage des gaz de Primées en un gypse sec par séchage à l'aide de la chaleur des gaz d'évacuation et/ou encore avec de la vapeur à basse pression qui n'est plus utilisable, et de mélanger ce gypse sec avec les cendres de filtration0
En outre, lors de la désulfuration des gaz de fumée, du chlorure de calcium est obtenu intvitablement en utilisant des charbons contenant du chlore.The so-called electrofilter dust is separated during gas purification by means of electrofilters or filter cloths.
These dusts can be very difficult to store because of their low specific weight and their finesse, because it only takes the slightest breath of air to drive them away.
When desulphurizing the flue gases from coal-fired power plants, gypsum generally precipitates as a by-product. invention of transforming the wet product CaS04.2H20, which accumulates behind the drum vacuum filters or behind the centrifuges after washing the Primées gases into a dry gypsum by drying using the heat of the gases evacuation and / or with low pressure steam which is no longer usable, and to mix this dry gypsum with the filter ash0
In addition, during the desulfurization of the flue gases, calcium chloride is inevitably obtained by using coals containing chlorine.

Ce chlorure de calcium est transporté vers le lieu d'utilisation sous forme d'une masse liquide contenant par exemple 20 à 30 % de chlorure de calcium etrlàest mélangé avec le mélange de CaS04.1/2 HaO-cendres de filtration et, en plus, avec du ciment ajouté dans des conditions spécifiques appropriées et est transformé en une masse humide, de préf é- rence par des techniques de mélangeage et/ou de pulvérisation, qui est mise en oeuvre pour l'élaboration de serrement secon daire de galeries dans l'exploitation des mines souterraines, ou pour l'utilisation d'une masse de gunitage pour remplissage derrière et/ou d'une masse de gunitage servant à consolider les bords des galeries. This calcium chloride is transported to the place of use in the form of a liquid mass containing for example 20 to 30% of calcium chloride and is mixed with the mixture of CaSO4.1 / 2 HaO-filter ash and, in addition , with cement added under appropriate specific conditions and is transformed into a wet mass, preferably by mixing and / or spraying techniques, which is used for the development of secondary clamping of galleries in the exploitation of underground mines, or for the use of a mass of gunning for filling behind and / or a mass of gunning used to consolidate the edges of the galleries.

On peut également évaporer à la surface l'eau contenant du chlorure de calcium, dans la zone du lieu de désulfuration de la centraleret le sel CaS04 sec peut être ajouté simultanément au produit final à transporter constitué par s
1. les cendres de filtration,
2. le gypse sec de désulfuration des gaz de fumée,
3. l'autre résidu, le chlorure de calcium, et peut être utilisé avantageusement pour l'exploitation des mines souterraines, de préférence en utilisant d'autres adjuvants tels que le ciment comme liant habituel et un durcisseur comme matière consommable0
Dans ce cas, on peut également utiliser non seulement la chaleur résiduaire des gaz de fumée, qui servent au séchage avant d'être lavés, mais on peut utiliser aussi d'autres sources d'énergie, de préférence prises à partir de la zone de la centrale, pour la calcination et/ou le séchage du CaS0402H20 humide . The water containing calcium chloride can also be evaporated on the surface, in the area of the central desulphurization site and the dry CaS04 salt can be added simultaneously to the final product to be transported consisting of s
1. the filter ash,
2. dry flue gas desulphurization gypsum,
3. the other residue, calcium chloride, and can be used advantageously for the exploitation of underground mines, preferably by using other additives such as cement as usual binder and a hardener as consumable material.
In this case, it is also possible to use not only the waste heat of the flue gases, which are used for drying before being washed, but other sources of energy, preferably taken from the the plant, for the calcination and / or drying of wet CaS0402H20.

En outre, les auteurs de la présente invention ont découvert, qu'en ajoutant environ 2 B 3 % de chlorure de calcium dihydraté (CaC12 2H20) au mélange mentionné, constitué par
1. les cendres de filtration,
2. également le gypse de désulfuration des gaz de
fumée (CaS04.1/2H20) et d'autres adjuvants comme
le ciment et/ou ltanhydrite et liants analogues,
et un durcisseur pour le matériau de serrement secondaire de galeries, ils obtenaient un matériau étanchéifiant particulier qui présente une vitesse de prise élevée et possède en outre des résistances encore élevées.In addition, the authors of the present invention have discovered that by adding approximately 2 B 3% of calcium chloride dihydrate (CaC12 2H20) to the mixture mentioned, consisting of
1. the filter ash,
2. also the gaseous gas desulphurization
smoke (CaS04.1 / 2H20) and other adjuvants such as
cement and / or ltanhydrite and similar binders,
and a hardener for the secondary squeezing material, they obtained a particular sealing material which has a high setting speed and also has still high strengths.

Il est avantageux que le mélange ait la composition suivante, conformément à l'invention s
60 à 65 % de gypse provenant de l'installation de
désulfuration des gaz de fumée,
15 b 20 % de cendres de filtration et/ou de scories
de la chaudière de la centrale au charbon
et de la zone de filtration,
environ 10 à 15 % d'anhydrite et/ou de ciment,
2,5 ffi de chlorure de calcium dihydraté.It is advantageous that the mixture has the following composition, in accordance with the invention s
60 to 65% gypsum from the installation of
flue gas desulphurization,
15 b 20% filtration ash and / or slag
of the coal-fired boiler
and the filtration zone,
about 10 to 15% anhydrite and / or cement,
2.5 ffi of calcium chloride dihydrate.

Pour diminuer davantage les frais de mise en dépôt pour les centrales au charbon en vue de la mise en terrils des cendres de filtration, il est proposé conformément à la présente invention de fabriquer un matériau de serrement qui donne aux fonds des mines les résistances nécessaires bien qu'il contienne plus de 25 % de poussière d'électrofiltre. Les auteurs de la présente invention ont découvert, qu'en ajoutant selon l'invention du stéarate ou des mélanges de stéarates, de préférence du stéarate d'aluminium, les résistances donnant un effet de support déjà solide sont obtenues. To further reduce the costs of depositing for coal-fired power stations for the disposal of filter ash, it is proposed in accordance with the present invention to manufacture a clamping material which gives the bottom of the mines the necessary resistance. that it contains more than 25% of electrostatic precipitator dust. The authors of the present invention have discovered that by adding according to the invention stearate or mixtures of stearates, preferably aluminum stearate, the resistances giving an already solid support effect are obtained.

Le mélange conforme à la présente invention est constitué par
1. environ 60 ffi de gypse,
2. environ 5 % d'anhydrite,
3. environ plus de 25 % de poussière d'électrofiltre,
4. environ 10 % de ciment PZ 350,
5. environ 2,5 % de chlorure de calcium dîhydraté,
6. 0,3 k 2 % de stéarate, de préférence de stéarate
d'aluminium. The mixture according to the present invention consists of
1. about 60 gypsum ffi,
2. about 5% anhydrite,
3. about more than 25% of electrostatic precipitator dust,
4. approximately 10% PZ 350 cement,
5. approximately 2.5% calcium chloride dehydrated,
6. 0.3 k 2% stearate, preferably stearate
aluminum.

Claims (6)

REVENDICÂTIONS 1) Procédé pour la purification des résidus de centrales au charbon constitués par des cendres de 1) Process for the purification of residues from coal-fired power plants constituted by ash from filtration et du gypse de désulfuration des gaz de filtration and desulphurization gypsum from fumée caractérisé par'le fait qu'on mélange les résidus avec smoke characterized by the fact that the residues are mixed with le chlorure de calcium humide et/ou le chlorure de calcium sec provenant des eaux de lavage des gaz de fumée, en l'absence ou en présence d'autres liants, de durcisseurs et de ciment, pour obtenir des matériaux de serrement et/ou remplissage ou de consolidation de galeries ; et qu'on utilise de préférence la chaleur des gaz de fumée pour le séchage du produit ainsi obtenu contenant du CaS04, et pour l'évaporation de l'eau de lavage contenant du chlorure de calcium. wet calcium chloride and / or dry calcium chloride from the flue gas washing water, in the absence or presence of other binders, hardeners and cement, to obtain tightening materials and / or filling or consolidating galleries; and that the heat of the smoke gases is preferably used for drying the product thus obtained containing CaSO 4, and for the evaporation of the washing water containing calcium chloride. 2) Matériau de serrement secondaire de galeries et matériau pour remplissage derrière, de préférence pour l'ex- ploitation des mines souterraines, caractérisé par le fait que les cendres de filtration, le gypse de désulfuration des gaz de fumée et d'autres adjuvants comme le ciment et/ou lanhy- drite et liants habituels et le durcisseur sont mélangés en outre avec 2 à 3 % de chlorure de calcium dihydraté. 2) Material for secondary clamping of galleries and material for filling behind, preferably for the exploitation of underground mines, characterized by the fact that filtration ash, gypsum for desulphurization of smoke gases and other additives such as the usual cement and / or anhydride and binders and the hardener are also mixed with 2 to 3% of calcium chloride dihydrate. 4. 2,5 % de chlorure de calcium dihydraté. 4. 2.5% calcium chloride dihydrate. de chaudière, of boiler, 3. 15 à 20 % de scories de chaudière et/ou de cendres 3. 15 to 20% of boiler slag and / or ash 20 10 à 15 ffi d'anhydrite et/ou de ciment, 20 10 to 15 ffi of anhydrite and / or cement, 1. 60 à 65 % de gypse, 1. 60 to 65% gypsum, 3? Matériau de serrement selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait que le mélange est constitué de préférence avec les proportions suivantes : 3? Clamping material according to claim 2, characterized in that the mixture preferably consists of the following proportions: 4) Matériau de serrement selon 11 une quelconque des revendications 1 k 3, caractérisé par le fait qu'il contient plus de 25 fio de poussière d'électrofiltre. 4) Clamping material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it contains more than 25% of electrostatic precipitator dust. 5) Matériau de serrement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4 dans ltexploitation des mines souterraines contenant de préférence plus de 25 fo de poussière d'électrofiltre, caractérisé par le fait que le mélange contient 2,5 % de chlorure de calcium dihydraté. 5) Clamping material according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in the operation of underground mines preferably containing more than 25% of electrofilter dust, characterized in that the mixture contains 2.5% calcium chloride dihydrate . 6) Matériau de serrement selon 11 une quelconque des revendications 1 C 5 dans l'exploitation des mines souterraines ayant de préférence plus de 25 % de poussière d'électrofiltre, caractérisé par le fait qu'au mélange sont ajoutés 0,3 à 2 % de stéarate, de préférence du stéarate d'aluminium.  6) Clamping material according to any one of claims 1 C 5 in the operation of underground mines preferably having more than 25% of electrostatic precipitator dust, characterized in that to the mixture are added 0.3 to 2% stearate, preferably aluminum stearate.
FR8204212A 1981-03-14 1982-03-12 Building material for making dams or walls in underground mines - contains large amt. of fly ash obtd. from electrostatic filters in coal burning power stations Withdrawn FR2509200A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19813109879 DE3109879A1 (en) 1981-03-14 1981-03-14 Process for disposing of waste products inevitably formed downstream of coal-fired power stations and their utilisation with use of waste heat from the power station for production of preferably dam building materials for underground mining
DE3113714A DE3113714C2 (en) 1981-03-14 1981-04-04 Process for the recycling of waste products from coal-fired power stations as roadside dam material and backfill material and material produced according to the process
DE3124003A DE3124003C2 (en) 1981-06-19 1981-06-19 Process for recycling the waste products from coal-fired power stations as roadside dam material and backfill material

Publications (1)

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FR2509200A1 true FR2509200A1 (en) 1983-01-14

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FR8204212A Withdrawn FR2509200A1 (en) 1981-03-14 1982-03-12 Building material for making dams or walls in underground mines - contains large amt. of fly ash obtd. from electrostatic filters in coal burning power stations

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2527107A1 (en) * 1982-05-21 1983-11-25 Saarbergwerke Ag Utilisation of gypsum plaster from gas desulphurisation - by mixing with other cement and mfr. of pit props and barrages
CN113638767A (en) * 2021-08-18 2021-11-12 山西云泉岩土工程科技股份有限公司 Economical and environment-friendly goaf filling method and filling device thereof

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2752261A (en) * 1950-12-18 1956-06-26 Dournaud Pierre Andre Jean Hydraulic binder
DE1771406A1 (en) * 1968-05-20 1972-02-03 Inst Energetik Process for the utilization of combustion residues from steam generation plants, in particular for the production of building materials
GB1505862A (en) * 1975-03-01 1978-03-30 I U Technology Corp Cementitious compositions and methods of making them
DE2803764A1 (en) * 1978-01-28 1979-08-16 Saarbergwerke Ag Utilising fly ash and calcium sulphate obtd. from flue gas - of coal burning furnace desulphurisation units, by heating aq. suspension to form anhydrite, and casting into bricks, etc.
EP0007610A1 (en) * 1978-07-29 1980-02-06 Saarbergwerke Aktiengesellschaft Process for making use of gypsum generated in flue-gas desulfurization units
DE2906230A1 (en) * 1979-02-17 1980-08-28 Steag Ag Disposal of residue obtd. from waste gas washing plants - where residue is calcined to form beta calcium sulphate hemi:hydrate employed to reinforce tunnels in underground mines

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2752261A (en) * 1950-12-18 1956-06-26 Dournaud Pierre Andre Jean Hydraulic binder
DE1771406A1 (en) * 1968-05-20 1972-02-03 Inst Energetik Process for the utilization of combustion residues from steam generation plants, in particular for the production of building materials
GB1505862A (en) * 1975-03-01 1978-03-30 I U Technology Corp Cementitious compositions and methods of making them
DE2803764A1 (en) * 1978-01-28 1979-08-16 Saarbergwerke Ag Utilising fly ash and calcium sulphate obtd. from flue gas - of coal burning furnace desulphurisation units, by heating aq. suspension to form anhydrite, and casting into bricks, etc.
EP0007610A1 (en) * 1978-07-29 1980-02-06 Saarbergwerke Aktiengesellschaft Process for making use of gypsum generated in flue-gas desulfurization units
DE2906230A1 (en) * 1979-02-17 1980-08-28 Steag Ag Disposal of residue obtd. from waste gas washing plants - where residue is calcined to form beta calcium sulphate hemi:hydrate employed to reinforce tunnels in underground mines

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2527107A1 (en) * 1982-05-21 1983-11-25 Saarbergwerke Ag Utilisation of gypsum plaster from gas desulphurisation - by mixing with other cement and mfr. of pit props and barrages
CN113638767A (en) * 2021-08-18 2021-11-12 山西云泉岩土工程科技股份有限公司 Economical and environment-friendly goaf filling method and filling device thereof

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