EP4204161A1 - Method and device for producing wood shavings - Google Patents
Method and device for producing wood shavingsInfo
- Publication number
- EP4204161A1 EP4204161A1 EP21790112.3A EP21790112A EP4204161A1 EP 4204161 A1 EP4204161 A1 EP 4204161A1 EP 21790112 A EP21790112 A EP 21790112A EP 4204161 A1 EP4204161 A1 EP 4204161A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sorting
- container
- supporting structure
- support structure
- wood
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 199
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011093 chipboard Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011094 fiberboard Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 240000003085 Quassia amara Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
- B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
- B27L11/002—Transporting devices for wood or chips
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C21/00—Disintegrating plant with or without drying of the material
- B02C21/02—Transportable disintegrating plant
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/005—Transportable screening plants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
- B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
- B27M1/00—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching
- B27M1/08—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching by multi-step processes
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for producing wood chips for the production of chipboard.
- wood chips are produced industrially from unprocessed or processed wood and used for the production of wood-based materials.
- high-performance devices are erected in a stationary manner, usually in halls or shelters.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a method and a device which allow improved provision of wood chips.
- the object is achieved with a method according to claim 1 and a device according to claim 12.
- the method according to the invention for producing wood chips for the production of chipboard, in particular from recycled wood has the following elements or steps: a material supply in at least a first supporting structure, a first mechanical sorting for the material to be shredded in at least a second supporting structure, a material shredding in at least a third support structure and a second mechanical sorting for the shredded material in at least one A fourth support structure, with the first, second, third and fourth support structure being arranged semi-mobile on a foundation and/or on a support structure and being connected either directly to one another or by material-carrying lines, with the supplied material being supplied from the material supply through a first material-carrying line conveyed to the first machine sorting, sorted and fed through a second material-carrying line from the first machine sorting to the material shredding and crushed there into wood chips and from there through a third material-carrying line to the second machine sorting, where the wood chips are sorted by machine and then the wood chips be provided for the production of chipboard.
- aggregates for material feeding, sorting and shredding in a size that they can be mounted in a supporting structure are an element of the invention.
- Such aggregates are available. However, these are aggregates that are usually installed in halls or buildings on solid foundations, which are therefore immobile. You can according to the invention z. B. can be adapted to the installation in a supporting structure by adjusting the attachment points.
- carriers mostly metal carriers, e.g. B. I-beam made of steel, added to a supporting structure, which is based on the respective unit, its weight and its weight distribution and special features such. B. is adjusted during operation, for example the vibration behavior.
- the supporting structure is reinforced by steel profiles or steel sheets inserted in sections or completely between the supports, in particular at the support or attachment points of the units and/or in the area of connections for manipulating the supporting structure and in the area of connections for attaching the supporting structure to means of transport.
- the steel sections or steel sheets are preferably welded to the supports, but they can also be detachably or permanently connected to the supports in other ways, e.g. B. by rivets, bolts or screws.
- the supporting structure is optimally adapted to the fuse or attachment of the unit to the supporting structure.
- This support structure in which the respective unit is then inserted, is preferably clad at least in sections with walls on the floor, sides and ceiling, so that a container is formed. If necessary, e.g. B. a wall is completely or partially missing if a unit cannot be completely accommodated in a container. If the term container is used in connection with this invention, this essentially means a support structure that is clad at least in sections with a floor, walls and/or ceiling. Ports for manipulating the container can also be fitted where the center of gravity of the particular container allows so that the container with the unit fitted therein can be safely manipulated. For other aggregates that do not have any special requirements for the container, e.g. B. also commercially available, prefabricated containers, z. B. sea containers are used, z. B. for housing the control unit.
- a simple support structure which is referred to in the context of this invention as a support structure, where the support structure does not contain any aggregate, but only consists of interconnected beams.
- the support structure preferably has the same length and width as the support structure or container used for the device, which contain aggregates.
- the height of the supporting structure can preferably be adjusted individually, so that the various supporting or supporting structures or containers can be set up at the optimum height in relation to one another.
- the same fastening and carrying devices are advantageously used for the supporting structure as they also have the supporting structures or containers with aggregates.
- the connections that the supporting structure or the container already has for manipulation and transport can preferably be used to secure the supporting structure or the container that contains a unit to the supporting structure that does not contain any unit. If necessary, additional connections can be made to secure the supporting structure or the container with the unit on the Support structure can be created without a unit. Preference is given to detachable connections, e.g. B. screwed or plugged or form-fitting connections.
- aggregates such as material supply, first and second sorting and material shredding, material separation and buffers are arranged in a supporting structure.
- Supporting structures that are transportable are particularly preferred.
- Typical support structures within the meaning of the invention correspond in size to z. B. standard 20-foot or 40-foot containers on means of transport such. B. trucks or can be transported by train.
- the supporting structures are preferably provided with connections that allow the supporting structures to be manipulated and to be fastened to the means of transport.
- conventional sea containers are generally not well suited; instead, the support structures described above, which are individualized for the respective aggregate, are used according to the invention.
- the aggregates that are used to carry out the method can be completely accommodated in a supporting structure.
- a typical unit that can be accommodated in a supporting structure is the material feed.
- a unit can also be subdivided into segments and housed in two or more supporting structures.
- Typical here is the sorting, which in a simple version can also be accommodated in a supporting structure.
- both the first and the second sorting are preferably designed in multiple stages.
- the individual stages of the first or second sorting form segments that can be divided into two or more supporting structures if necessary.
- the sorting takes place by machine.
- the above-mentioned second and fourth supporting structures for the sorting can thus each be designed as a group of at least two supporting structures.
- the invention does not provide for manual sorting.
- the individual units of the device can be stably attached to or in a supporting structure by means of detachable or non-detachable connections. If necessary, a single unit can also be attached to a supporting structure on a damping mount, especially if the respective unit is subject to vibrations or vibrations during operation. causes sound waves.
- the problem of vibrations, in particular sound waves can be further taken into account by the described arrangement of a support structure on a foundation, a simple support structure or another container. If the supporting structure is designed as a container, vibrations caused by sound sources can advantageously be dampened by a corresponding sound-insulating coating on the inner walls, the floor and/or the ceiling of the container, better than would be possible in a hall or another building.
- the device according to the invention can therefore also be set up in an environment in which only a limited noise exposure is permissible.
- the support structure used according to the invention if it is designed as a container, has at least one closable opening, e.g. B. opens a door that simplifies maintenance and, if necessary, repairing the unit installed in the special container.
- a container used for the control e.g. B. a prefabricated container has doors. It has also been found that the individual units with the transport structure do not exceed the permissible weight of a transport vehicle, so that particularly if the support structure does not exceed the dimensions of a 20-foot or 40-foot container, a semi-mobile device for carrying out the invention procedure can be used.
- the support structures with the units arranged therein are not left on the vehicles. Rather, they are set up on a foundation, in particular on spot foundations, which can be produced quickly, inexpensively and easily, but without being permanently connected to the foundation.
- the supporting structures, supporting structures or containers can be stacked on top of each other.
- This embodiment is particularly preferred when, following the material flow from the supplied material to the wood chip, the outlet of a container through which the material first passes can be arranged above the inlet of a container through which the material subsequently passes. Typically this can e.g. B. done in a multi-level sorting.
- the device according to the invention for the production of wood chips very can be set up easily and without much preparation. Accordingly, the device can also be easily dismantled and re-erected at a different location. So it's semi-mobile.
- the device according to the invention can easily be supplemented or reduced by further units, depending on the requirements resulting from the heating material used or the requirements for the wood chips to be produced.
- a building does not have to be erected in order to set up the device according to the invention.
- the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention can be scaled as desired in terms of performance, e.g. B. also by installing two or more parallel production lines for the production of wood chips.
- a typical performance of a production line e.g. B. with an equipment according to claim 1 or 11 can hold a capacity of 21 per hour to 151 per hour of wood chips.
- the hacker capacity z. B. of at least 6 tons per hour, preferably 10 tons per hour.
- Sorting can reach capacities of up to 20 tons per hour, depending on the container size chosen. With 20-foot containers, the sorting can have a capacity, e.g. 101 per hour, preferably 121 per hour. On the other hand, with 40-foot containers, up to 20 t per hour can be sorted. It is therefore obvious to adapt the sorting capacity to the performance of the hacker.
- the material-carrying lines that connect the supporting structures or the container or the aggregates mounted therein, such as material supply, first sorting, material shredding, second sorting and, if necessary, buffers or material separators, are preferably of modular design, ie z. B. from screwed line sections. In this way, the lines can be adapted to the respective design or the respective location of the device according to the invention.
- the material to be shredded or the wood chips are in the material-carrying lines, especially in pipelines z. B. conveyed by gravity, vibration, as a suction line or by means of compressed air.
- conveyor belts, trough chain conveyors or the like can be used as material-carrying lines, the material or the wood chips then on the circulating belts from one of the units described above to the next or from can be conveyed from one sorting level to the next.
- the conveyor belts can be open or closed.
- the process according to the invention can be carried out continuously or batchwise, preference being given to continuous process operation.
- the supply of material to be comminuted for the material supply is preferably designed to be continuous.
- the device and the method according to the invention are suitable for comminuting any heating material.
- the material to be shredded is preferably recycled wood, in particular untreated or uncoated recycled wood, e.g. B. from used packaging material such as crates or pallets, which is available in much smaller quantities and decentralized, i.e. in a different spatial distribution.
- the material to be comminuted is preferably supplied in a size of up to 500 mm, advantageously up to 300 mm in the maximum extent.
- the device according to the invention or the method according to the invention is therefore possibly preceded by a first device for reducing the maximum size of the material to be comminuted.
- the material supply of the device according to the invention and the method according to the invention advantageously has a receiving container, which may also consist of the first supporting structure, which can usually consist of a container with closed side walls and bottom, or which is inserted into the first supporting structure.
- the material to be shredded is introduced via an inlet, advantageously via an open top of the container.
- the material supply has an outlet, which feeds the supplied wood material in doses to the subsequent processing units, initially to the first sorting.
- the discharge can z. B. be designed as a moving floor or as a discharge screw. If necessary, a sloping floor has been drawn into the receiving container, which feeds the wood material contained therein to the discharge. From the discharge, the material to be shredded is metered, i.e. in a uniform flow of material, via the first material-carrying line to the first sorter.
- the first sorting concerns the sorting of the material to be shredded. At least one specified fraction that is suitable for the subsequent material shredding is sorted. Pieces that are too large are sorted out, if necessary also pieces that are too small. in particular chunks that are too large can be fed back to the shredder before the material is fed in. If necessary, different fractions of the material to be shredded can be sorted, e.g. B. are supplied to various crushing devices in the material crushing. Sorting is done e.g. B. with the help of grates, screens, vibrating screens, vibrators or conveyor belts, each through an air classification, z. B.
- both the first and the second sorting are carried out by machine.
- the sorting in particular the first sorting, can be carried out by other units, in particular by material separators, e.g. B. for metal or plastic, are supplemented.
- material separators e.g. B. for metal or plastic
- Typical aggregates for material separation are magnets, X-ray devices, NIR devices (NIR Near Infrared) or gravity separators.
- the wood material which is sorted as accept in the first sorting and has the desired dimensions, is fed to the material crusher by means of the second material-carrying line.
- the material shredding is arranged in the third support structure.
- Material comminution can be carried out with one of the following devices: impact mechanism, hammer, mill, crusher or chipper or with a combination of these devices.
- the aim is to produce chips, in particular from lumpy wood material. Since recycled wood is preferably to be comminuted, the comminuting device is advantageously designed to comminute dried wood with a moisture content of up to 30% by weight.
- the method according to the invention can be carried out with at least one buffer, which can be arranged before or after at least one of the above units (material supply, first sorting, material comminution, second sorting).
- a container is preferably used as a buffer or a buffer which is arranged in a support structure.
- the material to be stored in the buffer is fed via a material-carrying line and an inlet and fed to the downstream unit via an outlet and a material-carrying line or used as a store for finished wood chips.
- a support structure or a container which is used either as a buffer or with a unit arranged therein, has an inlet and an outlet.
- the inlet and/or outlet are preferably each connected to a material-carrying line or are penetrated by a material-carrying line.
- the individual above aggregates that must or can be used to carry out the method according to the invention are each connected to a controller for monitoring and control or regulation, which is arranged in a fifth container, which can also be a known standard container.
- the controller is connected to the individual units via control connections that are designed either as lines or wirelessly.
- the controller is connected via control connections to sensors that detect the operating state of the devices and whose signals are used by the control unit in particular to regulate the individual units, preferably to regulate them in a coordinated manner.
- the control unit ensures that the wood chips produced meet the specified requirements, e.g. B. by adjusting the sorting and/or the shredding of the material. If required, the controller can also start up or shut down individual units.
- individual units of the device can also be put into operation without the controller, e.g. B. to sort a batch of raw material or a batch of chips.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention
- 3 shows a schematic representation of sorting according to a first embodiment
- 4 shows a schematic representation of sorting according to a second embodiment
- 5 shows a schematic representation of a material shredder
- Fig. 6 is a schematic representation of a buffer
- FIG. 7 shows a schematic representation of a suction device
- FIG. 8 shows a schematic representation of a support structure.
- a device 2 according to the invention for the production of wood chips has as aggregates of the device 2 a material feed 4, a first sorting 6, a material shredding 8, a second sorting 10, a control 12 and as optional aggregates a suction device 14, a material separator 16 and a buffer 18. All of the aforementioned units 4 to 18 are each arranged in a support structure 3, which can also be designed as a container, i.e. at least in sections with a floor, walls or ceiling.
- FIG. 8 shows a support structure 3 which is prepared to receive a unit of the device according to the invention.
- the supporting structure 3 is made up of beams 3a, constructed here from double T-beams made of steel, which are detachably or permanently connected to one another, e.g. B. are welded together.
- An additional closed frame 3c is preferably also arranged, which gives additional stability to the supporting structure 3 in a mostly central arrangement.
- the outer closed frame 3b and the middle closed frame 3c in the embodiment according to FIG.
- the steel profile 3e is two steel sheets which are connected to one another at a distance and on which the respective unit is fastened.
- such steel profiles 3e or steel sheets depending on Need to be mounted in sections in the walls, in the ceiling or the floor of the supporting structure in order to optimally fasten or secure the aggregate to be accommodated in the supporting structure 3.
- Additional components can optionally be attached between the steel profile 3e or sheet steel or the double T-beams of the supporting structure 3 and the unit to be fastened, e.g. B. for sound or vibration damping.
- the carrier 3a of the supporting structure spans a space whose base area 3d is freely chosen, but which is preferably rectangular and z. B. corresponds to the dimensions of a 20-foot sea container.
- the height of the support structure can also be freely selected, but is preferably tailored to the fact that the support structure 3 is transportable.
- the height of the support structure is preferably such that a transport z. B. is possible by truck or train. If the support structure 3 accommodates a unit according to the invention, the height of the support structure is preferably limited to the height of a 20-foot sea container.
- the height of the supporting structure 3 can also be chosen to be lower than a 20-foot sea container if it does not accommodate an aggregate according to the invention, but is designed as a simple supporting structure or supporting structure that is intended to support a supporting structure 3 that is a Aggregate receives, to be placed on the simple support or support structure.
- the support structure 3 is generally designed as a container in this exemplary embodiment, ie it has at least in sections a floor 3f and side walls 3g and, if necessary, a ceiling 3h, e.g. B. to avoid contamination of the units or for reasons of noise protection.
- Means 3i for fastening the supporting structure 3 are preferably attached to the supports 3a of the supporting structure 3 or the side walls 3g, preferably to or on another, simple supporting structure 3 or another container or to a vehicle.
- the means 3i for fastening are known per se, for example from sea containers. These are preferably recesses into which releasable fastening means can engage.
- means for manipulating can engage the means 3i for fastening, so that the support structure 3 can be manipulated, e.g. B. can be raised, positioned or moved.
- the support structure 3 is preferably designed for transport by truck or train.
- the support structure 3, in particular in the version as a container, may have doors 3j, preferably z. B. in the narrow sides of the mostly rectangular supporting structure or the container in order to facilitate the maintenance and, if necessary, the repair of the aggregates installed in the supporting structure 3.
- the device according to the invention is characterized by a particularly simple structure that is suitable for mobile or semi-mobile use.
- the units can be arranged in any form of container, but containers that can be transported by truck or train are preferred.
- the aggregates of the device are partly arranged in a container or designed as a container, i.e. as a supporting structure 3, which is at least partially provided with a floor 3f, walls 3g and/or a ceiling 3h, where the container with the unit contained therein in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 is placed on a simple supporting structure 3 made of metal.
- the supporting structure 3 has the same length and width as z. B. a 20-foot sea container, while the height of the supporting structure 3 is individually adjusted.
- the supporting structure 3 can also be transported and set up like a known sea container, in particular if the supporting structure 3 has the same receptacles 3i for fastening means as a known container.
- the supporting structure 3 or the container containing a unit is fastened to the simple supporting structure 3 with a fastening means, here with screwed bolts.
- This fastener is either a known fastener with which the container z. B. is also attached to a truck or on a railroad car.
- z. B. connectors are formed in which a plug-in element is aligned with a receptacle 3i on the container and with a receptacle 3i on the support structure 3 and these receptacles 3i penetrates.
- the receptacles 3i can also be used to create a screw connection or another, preferably detachable connection between the container and the support structure 3.
- a form-fitting connection can also be used to attach a container to a support structure 3 , advantageously in conjunction with an additional plug-in connection which prevents the container from becoming detached from the support structure 3 .
- the advantage of the combination of a simple supporting structure 3 and a supporting structure 3 containing a unit is that the various units are each arranged at the optimum height relative to one another.
- the simple supporting structure and also the supporting structure 3 containing a unit can each be reused at different locations. It can also be transported by truck or train.
- the simple supporting structure 3 or the supporting structure 3 containing a unit or the container is placed on a foundation, with a point foundation usually being sufficient for about four to six support points on which the supporting structure 3 then rests.
- a simple supporting structure or a supporting structure 3 containing a unit or a container can also be stacked next to or on top of one another.
- supporting or supporting structures 3 or containers arranged next to one another or one above the other are secured to one another, it being possible for the fastening means described above to be used.
- the three alternatives for arranging supporting or carrying structures 3 or containers can also be combined when setting up a device for producing wood chips with a number of units.
- the individual units are each detachably or non-detachably attached to the support structure 3 and possibly in a container, for example by screws, plug connections, rivets, welded connections or snap-in connections, but also by form-fitting connections. If necessary, the individual units are each mounted on noise or vibration-damping bearings.
- the support structure provides carriers 3a, steel profiles 3e and/or steel sheets individually matched to the units, which take into account the size and the weight and the weight distribution of the respective unit.
- a container is provided with a sound-absorbing coating on the inner wall.
- the lines are also mounted on noise and vibration-damping bearings if required. If a line is designed as a closed line, ie, provided with a housing, this line can also be provided with a sound-absorbing coating on the inner wall at least in sections.
- Aggregates of the device 2 according to the invention are also presented in alternative designs below. Identical components are given the same reference symbols in connection with this description.
- the individual aggregates of the material feed 4, the first and the second sorting 6, 10 and the material shredding 8 and, if necessary, the suction 14, the material separator 16 and the buffer 18 are either known aggregates or are provided in the desired dimensions within the framework of usual adjustments .
- the device 2 is for the production of wood chips z. B. for the production of z. B. wood-based materials such as chipboard or for the production of fibers for fiberboard, especially MDF boards or insulating materials. According to the exemplary embodiment, it is designed for processing wood material with a maximum length of 500 mm, preferably a maximum of 300 mm.
- the wood material comes either from fresh wood or - preferably - from recycled wood, e.g. from roughly broken pallets or crates.
- the material supply 4 has a support structure 3 which, as the first container 4a, is equipped with a moving floor 4b and with walls 3g, as can be seen in detail in FIG.
- the sliding floor 4b as a discharge device feeds the wood material at the bottom of the first container 4a to a first material-carrying line 20, which connects the material supply 4 to the first sorting system 6.
- the first material-carrying line 20 is equipped with a conveyor belt or a trough chain conveyor for transporting the material to be shredded. It starts at the lower end at the outlet 4c of the first container 4a and ends on the top of the second container 6a of the first sorting 6.
- the material to be shredded is, as shown in FIG. 2, fed to the material feed 4 via an inlet 4d, here the open top of the 1st container 4a.
- the material feed 4 is arranged on a simple supporting structure 3, which has the same dimensions as the material feed 4.
- the first sorting 6 sorts the wood material to be shredded.
- the first sorting 6 has three levels. All supporting structures 3, which have sorting units, are each placed on a simple supporting structure 3, which has the same dimensions as the supporting structures of the first sorting 6 placed thereon Supporting structures 3 of the first sorting 5 are each designed as a second container 6a, which has a bottom f.
- One of the three support structures 3 shown in FIG. 3 or 4 of a first sorting 6 can be designed for dividing the wood material to be shredded into at least two fractions.
- the material to be crushed is shown in FIG. 3 z. B. fed through an inlet 6b, in which the first material-carrying line 20 opens.
- FIG. 3 shows a first sorting 6, which is designed as a sieve 6c and created in the second container 6a.
- the first material-carrying line 20 opens through the inlet 6b in the top or in a side wall in the second container 6a.
- the sieve 6c separates the material to be crushed into two fractions, for example a first fraction of wood material up to 20 mm long in the largest dimension and a second fraction of wood material more than 20 mm long in the largest dimension.
- the first fraction is processed as accept and z. B. used for the production of chipboard or fibreboard
- the second fraction is too large to be processed as accept and is fed to the shredding of material. Particles that are too small are discharged.
- FIG. 3 shows a first outlet 6d and a second outlet 6e for the screen 6c.
- the outlets open into the bottom of the container 6a, alternatively the outlets can also be located in the side walls or the top of the second container 6a, depending on the sorting configuration.
- second containers 6a each with at least one unit of the first sorting 6, are arranged in a row.
- the three support structures 3 of the first sorting 6 are each connected to one another by material-carrying lines 20 . Material that is too large is forwarded to the next aggregate of the first sorting 6 and sorted again there.
- Each second container 6a preferably has a different unit for sorting or a different combination of units, e.g. B. according to FIG. 3 or FIG.
- the first sorting 6 is connected via a suction line 14c to a suction device 14, the structure of which will be explained in more detail below.
- the suction line 14c can be connected via any side of a second container 6a.
- the material to be shredded can also be sorted via a vibrating channel 6f the material to be sorted widely distributed, followed by e.g. B. a roller or disc screen.
- This vibration channel 6f is arranged above the second container 6a in its own support structure 3, the width of which corresponds to the width of the second container 6a.
- the first material-carrying line 20 for the material to be comminuted is routed through an inlet in the upper side of the supporting structure 3 of the vibrating chute 6f.
- the second container 6a is specially adapted to the requirements of the roller or disk screen arranged therein.
- the outlet or outlets of the roller or disc screen are arranged here in the bottom 3f of the second container 6a, which rests on a simple supporting structure 3 .
- the roller or disk screen in the second container 6a is connected to the suction device 14 via a suction line 14c, which ensures that no wood dust escapes from the first sorting 6.
- a material separator 16 is arranged between the vibrating chute 6f and the second container 6a. B. is designed with a gravity separator, as an X-ray machine or as a NIR device to sort out foreign objects. Foreign bodies are then discharged via a line 16a. Details of the material separator 16 are set out below.
- the stream of material to be comminuted can, as shown in FIG.
- the flow of material to be shredded is divided into partial flows, the number of which corresponds to the number of supporting structures 3 or containers of the first sorting 6 if the two or more second containers 6a of the first sorting 6 are arranged in parallel are.
- the material separator 16 is connected to sorting 6 .
- the material separator 16 is usually arranged in a container 6a, 10a of the first or second sorting or in its own supporting structure 3 in connection with the first or second sorting 6, 10.
- the material separator 16 usually has one of two units, either a first aggregate designed to separate metallic or such particles from the accept of the first sorting, which are heavier than the wood material (heavy material separator).
- the second unit which is usually used in later stages of sorting, is used to separate foreign matter or particles that are lighter than the wood material, e.g. B. plastic particles or plastic films.
- NIR near infrared
- a second material-carrying line 22 connects the second container 6a of the first sorting 6 with the material shredder 8, which is arranged in a supporting structure of a third container 8a, as shown in detail in FIG.
- the container 8a stands on a simple supporting structure 3.
- a material separator 16 is arranged in the third container 8a in front of the material crushing unit.
- the second material-carrying line 22 is connected through an inlet 8b in the top of the third container 8a to the material separator 16, e.g. B. an X-ray or NIR device connected.
- the inlet 8b can be made in any wall of the container.
- a connection 8c leads from the material separator 16 to the unit that crushes the material.
- a percussion mechanism, a hammer, a mill, a crusher or a chopper can be installed as a unit for comminuting the material.
- the present embodiment according to FIG. 1 is a chipper 8d, which is designed for the production of wood chips. It also applies to the material crushing 8 that two or more of the units mentioned above can be combined, either arranged in parallel or one behind the other. Is particularly suitable z. B. a combination of a crusher and a subsequently arranged chopper, which are successively traversed by the material to be crushed.
- third containers 8a can also be arranged in parallel here.
- the material comminution 8 is connected via an outlet to a third material-carrying line 24 to a second sorting system 10, which is arranged in a fourth support structure 10a.
- the third material-carrying line 24 extends from the bottom of the third container 8a to the top or to a side wall 3g of the fourth container 10a.
- the material comminution 8 is also connected to the suction device 14 via a suction line i4d.
- the third material-carrying line 24 can be designed as a conveyor belt, trough chain conveyor or as a blow line in the wood chips z. B. by means of compressed air for the second sorting io be promoted.
- the fourth container toa which z. B. is designed as a supporting structure 3 clad with floor, walls and ceiling, has the second sorting io, which is designed for the fractionation of chips.
- the second sorting io which is designed for the fractionation of chips.
- a single-stage or multi-stage sorting can be provided and two or more second sortings io can be arranged in parallel to adjust the capacity, if necessary each of the parallel aggregates can be in its own Container be arranged.
- one or more vibrators, sieves or vibrating chutes can be arranged for the second sorting io.
- the second sorting io can e.g. B. by means of compressed air, gravity or vibration. As shown in FIGS.
- the second sorting 10 is also preferably connected via a suction line 14c to the suction device 14, which extracts the dust produced during the second sorting 10. While a fraction that is too small is either sucked off as dust or sorted out, a fraction that is too large is preferably fed again to the material crusher 8 via a fifth material-carrying line 28 in order to reduce waste and maximize the yield.
- the accept of the second sorting also passes through a material separator 16 arranged in or on the fourth container 10a, so that an accept is produced that has no disruptive foreign matter.
- a fourth material-carrying line 26 leads from the second sorting 10 to the utilization of the wood chips produced, in particular to a wood-based material production, but also to an insulating material production or to other further processing methods.
- the fourth material-carrying line 26 can be designed like the third material-carrying line 24.
- a buffer 18 is inserted into the fourth material-carrying line 26 according to the embodiment of FIG.
- the buffer 18 is optional and can also be arranged before or after the material feed 4, the first or second sorting 6, 10 or before the material shredding 8, depending on the requirements of the respective embodiment of the device 2 according to the invention.
- the buffer 18 is shown in Fig. 6 as supporting structure 3 executed, in which a container 18a is used with an inlet 18b, which is formed as an open top 18c of the container 18a.
- the walls i8d of the container 18a taper in the shape of a funnel towards a conveyor screw which is arranged at the lower end of the walls i8d and is arranged in a trough i8e, which conveys the wood chips stored in the buffer 18 to an outlet i8f.
- the outlet i8f is connected to the fourth material-carrying line 26 .
- FIG. 7 generally shows a suction device 14b arranged essentially in a support structure 3 designed as a container 14a, which, among other things, forms the suction 14 together with the suction lines i4c-f.
- the suction device 14 is arranged in a cuboid support structure 3 standing on one end face.
- the drive 14g and the intake pipe 14h are arranged outside of the container 14a. They are mounted on one half of a simple supporting structure 3, on the other half of which the container 14 rests with its end face. Intake pipe 14h and drive 14g are transported separately from container 14a during transport.
- several suction devices 14b can be arranged in parallel. Suction devices 14b arranged in parallel can have different capacities or be designed for suction of particles of different sizes or weights. In the embodiment according to FIG. 1, three suction devices 14 are provided.
- the suction device 14b generates a negative pressure in the suction lines I4c-f, through which dust and other light particles are sucked in the direction of the suction device 14b and are separated there by means of a bag filter.
- a suction line 14c connects the material supply 4 with the suction device 14b
- a suction line I4d connects the first sorting 6 with the suction device 14b
- a suction line 14c connects the material shredding 8 with the suction device 14b
- a suction line 14t connects each stage of the second-stage second sorting 10 with the suction device 14b.
- the material supplied to the suction 14 through the suction lines i4c-f is disposed in a waste container 14! collected.
- the fifth container 12a can consist of a standard 20-foot sea container exist, but it can also be constructed from a supporting structure 3 clad at least in sections with the floor, walls and ceiling. In order to ensure easy access to the controller 12, the fifth container 12a has a door in a side wall.
- the device according to the invention is monitored by sensors, not shown here, which, for. B. record the material flow or stoppages in the material flow, or z. B.
- the controller 12 can also control individual units if this is desired.
- the method according to the invention is carried out by supplying a device 2 for producing wood chips with uncomminuted material made of wood, either unprocessed wood or wood that has already been processed and is to be recycled, so-called recycled wood.
- the uncomminuted material is preferably already pre-crushed, e.g. B. in pieces with a maximum length of 500 mm, in particular of a maximum of 300 mm.
- This material which is still uncomminuted within the meaning of the invention, is fed to the material feed 4 . There, the material is removed as far as possible from particles that are too heavy or too light or other foreign matter, in particular metal parts such as nails or staples and plastics, e.g. B. the wood adhering plastic films freed.
- the material to be shredded is then fed to the first sorting 6, which separates out material that is too small and material that is too large as a one-stage or multi-stage sorting.
- the material that is too large is preferably pre-crushed again and then fed back to the material feed 4 . If necessary, the material that is too small can be reused directly without further shredding of the material.
- the uncomminuted material of the right size sorted in the first sorting 6 is then fed to the material comminution 8 after it has optionally passed through another material separator. There, the uncrushed material is chopped into the desired wood chips in one or more stages.
- the material crushing 8 follows the second sorting io, which sorts the shredded material in one or more stages.
- too fine or too large material is sorted out and, if necessary, the material passes through a material separator again.
- the material that is too large is preferably fed back to the material crusher 8 .
- the shredded material in the desired or specified size is fed for further processing.
- the method according to the invention provides that the steps of supplying material, sorting the uncomminuted material, crushing material and sorting the comminuted material are monitored, controlled and, if necessary, regulated by a controller 12 .
- At least one suction device 14 can be provided, which collects dust and other small and light particles via suction lines i4c-f.
- at least one material separator 16 can be provided, e.g. B. for separating heavy, magnetic or light particles or other foreign matter, such. B. metal or plastic.
- the method according to the invention can provide at least one buffer 18 which can be assigned to one of the units 4, 6, 8 or 10 described above and which enables the material to be comminuted or the comminuted material to be stored.
- the inventive method for producing wood chips can provide, for example, a capacity of 2 tons per hour to 15 tons per hour of wood chips.
- the hacker can B. Capacities of at least 6 tons per hour, preferably 10 tons per hour, while the sorting capacities of up to 20 tons per hour can reach, which depends on the selected size of the container. With 20-foot containers, for example, the sorting can process a capacity of 101 per hour, preferably 121 per hour, while with 40-foot containers, for example, up to 201 per hour can be sorted. This amount can be economically interesting to z. B.
- the method according to the invention can be carried out with a device belonging to a production facility.
- the device for carrying out the method can also be set up independently of a production device.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
- Debarking, Splitting, And Disintegration Of Timber (AREA)
- Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP20202644.9A EP3984646B8 (en) | 2020-10-19 | 2020-10-19 | Modular recycling plant |
PCT/EP2021/077467 WO2022084031A1 (en) | 2020-10-19 | 2021-10-05 | Method and device for producing wood shavings |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP4204161A1 true EP4204161A1 (en) | 2023-07-05 |
Family
ID=73043011
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20202644.9A Active EP3984646B8 (en) | 2020-10-19 | 2020-10-19 | Modular recycling plant |
EP21790112.3A Pending EP4204161A1 (en) | 2020-10-19 | 2021-10-05 | Method and device for producing wood shavings |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20202644.9A Active EP3984646B8 (en) | 2020-10-19 | 2020-10-19 | Modular recycling plant |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20240017440A1 (en) |
EP (2) | EP3984646B8 (en) |
CN (1) | CN116390816A (en) |
ES (1) | ES2954903T3 (en) |
PL (1) | PL3984646T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2022084031A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2312599A1 (en) * | 1975-05-28 | 1976-12-24 | Leger Paul | Fixed or mobile wood recovery station - for recovering wood from discarded pallets or packing cases, as compacted chopped up pieces free from iron for use in paper making |
US4383651A (en) * | 1980-10-20 | 1983-05-17 | Allis-Chalmers Corporation | Portable crushing and screening plant |
DE4005331A1 (en) * | 1990-02-20 | 1991-08-22 | Doppstadt Werner | WASTE TREATMENT PLANT |
KR100494578B1 (en) * | 2002-08-16 | 2005-06-10 | 주식회사 대성엔지니어링 | Wood chip processing system by the waste root |
-
2020
- 2020-10-19 PL PL20202644.9T patent/PL3984646T3/en unknown
- 2020-10-19 ES ES20202644T patent/ES2954903T3/en active Active
- 2020-10-19 EP EP20202644.9A patent/EP3984646B8/en active Active
-
2021
- 2021-10-05 US US18/032,646 patent/US20240017440A1/en active Pending
- 2021-10-05 CN CN202180071437.2A patent/CN116390816A/en active Pending
- 2021-10-05 EP EP21790112.3A patent/EP4204161A1/en active Pending
- 2021-10-05 WO PCT/EP2021/077467 patent/WO2022084031A1/en active Application Filing
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN116390816A (en) | 2023-07-04 |
ES2954903T3 (en) | 2023-11-27 |
EP3984646B1 (en) | 2023-06-07 |
EP3984646B8 (en) | 2023-07-12 |
EP3984646A1 (en) | 2022-04-20 |
EP3984646C0 (en) | 2023-06-07 |
US20240017440A1 (en) | 2024-01-18 |
PL3984646T3 (en) | 2023-10-30 |
WO2022084031A1 (en) | 2022-04-28 |
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