EP4077094B1 - Device for actuating the lock of an automatic middle buffer coupling - Google Patents

Device for actuating the lock of an automatic middle buffer coupling Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4077094B1
EP4077094B1 EP20776085.1A EP20776085A EP4077094B1 EP 4077094 B1 EP4077094 B1 EP 4077094B1 EP 20776085 A EP20776085 A EP 20776085A EP 4077094 B1 EP4077094 B1 EP 4077094B1
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Prior art keywords
arm
actuating
coupling
rotation
lever
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP4077094A1 (en
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Andy Steinkampf
Eva-Marie HÜBNER
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Voith Patent GmbH
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Voith Patent GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
    • B61G3/00—Couplings comprising mating parts of similar shape or form which can be coupled without the use of any additional element or elements
    • B61G3/10—Couplings comprising mating parts of similar shape or form which can be coupled without the use of any additional element or elements with coupling heads in the form of hook-like interengaging rigid jaws, e.g. "Willison" type
    • B61G3/14—Control devices, e.g. for uncoupling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to automatic central buffer couplings for track-guided vehicles, such as rail vehicles in particular.
  • the invention relates to actuating devices for automatic central buffer couplings.
  • Couplings for track-guided vehicles in particular rail vehicles, in particular automatic train couplings, are known in a large number of designs from the prior art.
  • Automatic couplings for rail vehicles are coupling elements that connect the individual car bodies (wagons) that the rail vehicle pulls.
  • the resulting compressive and tensile forces as well as relative movements at the ends of the wagon or vehicle are transmitted, cushioned and/or dampened.
  • This type of train coupling essentially consists of at least one coupling head with centering surfaces, a coupling arm, a locking system and an uncoupling device for the locking system.
  • the locking system serves to hold the counterpart of a counter-coupling within the coupling head.
  • the uncoupling device for this purpose comprises a device for specifying the desired function, usually in the form of an operating handle (if the uncoupling is carried out manually), which is preferably always located on the same side of the rail vehicle, so that at each coupling point it is possible to operate the operation from both sides of the train.
  • An operating rod establishes the connection between the operating handle and the locking system of the coupling.
  • connecting chains and unlocking shafts are also known. In these embodiments, the pivoting movement of the operating handle is converted into a pulling movement, so that unlocking can take place through the pivoting movement.
  • the operating device is preferably arranged in an area that is limited by the side walls of the rail vehicle or the car body to be coupled.
  • the operating device is preferably arranged entirely in an area between the center of the coupling head and the articulation plane on the vehicle.
  • Actuating rods can also consist of cardanically hinged release shafts. These are designed in such a way that the swivel movement of the actuating handle is converted into a rotary movement to open the locking system. Due to the design, this type of actuation is suitable for coupling arrangements that experience little deflection movement (particularly when cornering) and coupling strokes.
  • the possible installation of side buffers and automatic couplings means that the installation conditions on the coupling head are so restricted that the installation of such solutions is structurally complex. In addition, such designs are subject to considerable wear due to friction.
  • An actuating device for an automatic changeover and/or a locking system of an automatic coupling is known. This is particularly suitable for use on rail vehicles. It comprises an actuating device that can be moved into at least three positions (unlocking, long position, push position). A flexible transmission element that transmits tensile forces is provided as a means for transmitting the actuating force that acts on the actuating lever and is transmitted to the locking system. A Bowden cable is preferably proposed. The length of the Bowden cable is limited.
  • uncoupling devices based on a cable pull system with a pulley have the disadvantage that a uncoupling process can only with an increased effort (> 400 N) is possible, since such cable pull systems have a relatively high frictional resistance, especially in roller bearings.
  • only small levers can be implemented - if at all.
  • a generic manual uncoupling device is in CN206589896U disclosed.
  • the manual uncoupling device comprises an actuating lever pivotally connected to the housing of the coupling.
  • the actuating lever is directly coupled to the core of the coupling lock via a lever arm.
  • the lever arm engages directly with the latter and is also pivoted to the actuating lever at a distance from the rotation axis of the actuating lever. Pivoting of the actuating lever is transmitted directly to the coupling lock, which requires large forces.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying an actuating device for locking an automatic central buffer coupling, in which a central buffer coupling can be unlocked manually with relatively low uncoupling forces, in particular under 200 N.
  • the actuating device should be as simple as possible and designed to be maintenance-free.
  • the invention relates in particular to an actuating device for the closure of an automatic central buffer coupling, whereby this actuating device dispenses with the use of a cable pull system with pulleys etc.
  • a lever mechanism is used to transmit a torque generated when an actuating arm is actuated to an actuating shaft with which the locking system of the closure to be actuated the automatic central buffer coupling, in particular is operatively connected.
  • the actuating arm of the actuating device according to the invention can be actuated manually in particular and is pivotably connected to a housing of the coupling head of the central buffer coupling about a first axis of rotation.
  • the actuating shaft which is operatively connected to the locking system of the lock of the central buffer coupling to be actuated, is mounted so as to be rotatable about a second axis of rotation running parallel to the first axis of rotation relative to the housing of the coupling head of the central buffer coupling.
  • the actuating device according to the invention is a particularly compact device which is also suitable for being subsequently attached to a coupling head of a central buffer coupling. Because cable pull systems with deflection rollers are deliberately dispensed with, the actuating device is particularly wear-resistant.
  • the operating device can also be operated outside the Bern area. Another advantage is that the operating device according to the invention is characterized by its easy handling.
  • the lever mechanism allows a locking position (locking position) by means of an over-center locking.
  • the lever mechanism preferably has a coupling arm that is preferably fixedly and in particular rotationally fixedly connected or connectable to the actuating shaft.
  • the coupling arm can be moved from a first position, in which the lock of the central buffer coupling is closed, to a second position, in which the lock of the central buffer coupling is open.
  • a prestressing element in particular in the form of a spring, is also provided in order to prestress the coupling arm in the first position.
  • the lever mechanism has at least one lever arm, via which the Actuating arm is operatively connected to the actuating shaft.
  • the at least one lever arm is articulated to the actuating arm in such a way that when the actuating arm is actuated, it is pivoted relative to the at least one lever arm about a third axis of rotation parallel to the first and second axes of rotation.
  • the at least one lever arm is articulated to the coupling arm in such a way that when the actuating arm is actuated, the at least one lever arm is pivoted relative to the coupling arm about a fourth axis of rotation parallel to the first and second axes of rotation.
  • a guide is preferably assigned to the at least one lever arm in order to guide a movement of the at least one lever arm when the actuating arm is actuated.
  • the guide can have a guide slot that runs in a straight line, in which a guide block connected to the at least one lever arm is accommodated in a linearly movable manner.
  • the at least one lever arm has a straight-line region pivotably connected to the coupling arm about the fourth axis of rotation relative to the coupling arm and a curved region pivotably connected to the actuating arm about the third axis of rotation relative to the actuating arm.
  • exemplary embodiments of the actuating device according to the invention shown in the drawings are each shown in a state in which the actuating devices are mounted on a coupling head (shown in dashed lines) of an automatic center buffer coupling of a rail-guided vehicle.
  • the exemplary embodiments of the actuating device 1 according to the invention serve for manually actuating the lock of the associated central buffer coupling.
  • the actuating devices 1 each have an actuating arm 2 which is pivotably connected to a housing 4 of the central buffer coupling about a first axis of rotation 3.
  • each actuating device 1 has an actuating shaft 6 which is rotatably mounted relative to the housing 4 of the central buffer coupling about a second axis of rotation 5 running parallel to the first axis of rotation 3 and which is operatively connected or operatively connectable to the closure of the central buffer coupling.
  • a lever mechanism is used to connect, in particular to operatively connect, the actuating arm 2 to the actuating shaft 6.
  • the lever mechanism serves to transmit a torque generated when the actuating arm 2 is actuated to the actuating shaft 6.
  • the lever mechanism has a coupling arm 8 which is preferably fixedly and in particular rotationally fixedly connected or connectable to the actuating shaft 6.
  • the coupling arm 8 is moved from a first position in which the lock of the central buffer coupling is closed (cf. FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 or. FIG. 5 ), into a second position (cf. FIG. 2 and FIG. 4 ) in which the lock of the central buffer coupling is open.
  • a pre-tensioning element 9 in the form of a spring is used to pre-tension the coupling arm 8 into the first position.
  • the lever mechanism has a lever arm 10, via which the actuating arm 2 is operatively connected to the actuating shaft 6.
  • the lever arm 10 is articulated on the actuating arm 2 in such a way that when the actuating arm 2 is actuated, it is pivoted relative to the at least one lever arm 10 about a third axis of rotation 11 parallel to the first and second axis of rotation 5.
  • the lever arm 10 is articulated to the coupling arm 8 in such a way that when the actuating arm 2 is actuated, the at least one lever arm 10 is pivoted relative to the coupling arm 8 about a fourth axis of rotation 12 parallel to the first and second axis of rotation 3, 5.
  • a carrier 13 is used which accommodates the pivot point belonging to the axis of rotation 3.
  • the carrier is designed to absorb the bearing forces as a result of a decoupling process and thus serves as a torque support.
  • the lever arm 10 is assigned a guide in order to guide a movement of the lever arm 10 when the actuating arm 2 is actuated.
  • the guide can have a straight guide slot in which a guide block connected to the lever arm 10 is accommodated in a linearly movable manner.
  • the lever arm 10 has a straight-line region pivotably connected to the coupling arm 8 about the fourth axis of rotation 12 relative to the coupling arm 8 and a curved region 16 pivotably connected to the actuating arm 2 about the third axis of rotation 11 relative to the actuating arm 2.
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiments shown schematically in the drawings, but results from a synopsis of all the features disclosed herein, provided that these embodiments are based on the appended claims.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
  • Mechanical Control Devices (AREA)
  • Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft allgemein automatische Mittelpufferkupplungen für spurgeführte Fahrzeuge, wie insbesondere Schienenfahrzeuge. Insbesondere betrifft die Erfindung Betätigungsvorrichtungen automatische Mittelpufferkupplungen.The present invention relates generally to automatic central buffer couplings for track-guided vehicles, such as rail vehicles in particular. In particular, the invention relates to actuating devices for automatic central buffer couplings.

Kupplungen für spurgeführte Fahrzeuge, insbesondere Schienenfahrzeuge, insbesondere automatische Zugkupplungen, sind in einer Vielzahl von Ausführungen aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt.Couplings for track-guided vehicles, in particular rail vehicles, in particular automatic train couplings, are known in a large number of designs from the prior art.

Selbsttätige, automatische Kupplungen für Schienenfahrzeuge sind Kuppelelemente, welche die einzelnen Wagenkästen (Wagons), die das Schienenfahrzeug zieht, miteinander verbinden. Die dabei entstehenden Druck- und Zugkräfte sowie Relativbewegungen an den Wagon- bzw. Fahrzeugenden werden übertragen, abgefedert und/oder gedämpft.Automatic couplings for rail vehicles are coupling elements that connect the individual car bodies (wagons) that the rail vehicle pulls. The resulting compressive and tensile forces as well as relative movements at the ends of the wagon or vehicle are transmitted, cushioned and/or dampened.

Diese Art von Zugkupplungen bestehen dabei im Wesentlichen wenigstens aus einem Kupplungskopf mit Zentrierflächen, einem Kupplungsarm, einem Riegelsystem und einer Entkupplungsvorrichtung für das Riegelsystem. Das Riegelsystem dient dazu, das Gegenstück einer Gegenkupplung innerhalb des Kupplungskopfes zu halten.This type of train coupling essentially consists of at least one coupling head with centering surfaces, a coupling arm, a locking system and an uncoupling device for the locking system. The locking system serves to hold the counterpart of a counter-coupling within the coupling head.

Für den Vorgang des Entkuppelns beispielsweise zweier durch das Kupplungselement verbundener Wagenkästen werden die miteinander in Eingriff stehenden Kupplungen entriegelt. Die dafür vorgesehene Entkupplungsvorrichtung umfasst dabei eine Einrichtung zur Vorgabe der gewünschten Funktion, in der Regel in Form eines Betätigungshandgriffes (sofern die Entkupplung manuell erfolgt), der sich vorzugsweise immer auf der gleichen Seite des Schienenfahrzeuges befindet, sodass an jeder Kuppelstelle die Möglichkeit besteht, die Betätigung von beiden Seiten des Zuges zu bedienen. Ein Betätigungsgestänge stellt die Verbindung zwischen dem Betätigungshandgriff und dem Riegelsystem der Kupplung her. Alternativ zu dem Betätigungsgestänge sind auch Verbindungsketten und Entriegelungswellen bekannt. Bei diesen Ausführungsformen wird die Schwenkbewegung des Betätigungshandgriffes in eine Zugbewegung umgesetzt, sodass durch die Schwenkbewegung eine Entriegelung erfolgen kann.For the process of uncoupling, for example, two car bodies connected by the coupling element, the couplings that are in engagement with one another are unlocked. The uncoupling device provided for this purpose comprises a device for specifying the desired function, usually in the form of an operating handle (if the uncoupling is carried out manually), which is preferably always located on the same side of the rail vehicle, so that at each coupling point it is possible to operate the operation from both sides of the train. An operating rod establishes the connection between the operating handle and the locking system of the coupling. As an alternative to the operating rod, connecting chains and unlocking shafts are also known. In these embodiments, the pivoting movement of the operating handle is converted into a pulling movement, so that unlocking can take place through the pivoting movement.

Um den Betätigungshandgriff bedienen zu können und eine entsprechende Kraftübertragung auf das Gestänge zur Ansteuerung des Riegelsystems zu erzeugen, erfolgt die Anordnung der Betätigungsvorrichtung vorzugsweise in einem Bereich, der durch die Seitenwände des Schienenfahrzeuges bzw. des zu kuppelnden Wagenkastens begrenzt ist. Vorzugsweise ist die Betätigungsvorrichtung dabei vollständig in einem Bereich zwischen der Mitte des Kupplungskopfes und der Anlenkebene am Fahrzeug angeordnet.In order to be able to operate the operating handle and to generate a corresponding force transmission to the rods for controlling the locking system, the operating device is preferably arranged in an area that is limited by the side walls of the rail vehicle or the car body to be coupled. The operating device is preferably arranged entirely in an area between the center of the coupling head and the articulation plane on the vehicle.

Dies führt jedoch in der Praxis oft zu Problemen, da die Betätigungsstange einer standardisierten Betätigungsvorrichtung aufgrund spezieller wagenbaulicher Gegebenheiten oft mit anderen Elementen kollidieren würde und zur Einstellung der entsprechenden Funktionsstellungen nicht in der entsprechenden Weise bedienbar wäre.However, this often leads to problems in practice, since the operating rod of a standardized operating device would often collide with other elements due to special vehicle construction conditions and would not be operable in the appropriate manner to set the corresponding functional positions.

Betätigungsgestänge können auch aus kardanisch angelenkten Entriegelungswellen bestehen. Diese sind derart ausgebildet, dass die Schwenkbewegung des Betätigungshandgriffes in eine Drehbewegung zur Öffnung des Riegelsystems umgesetzt wird. Bauartbedingt ist diese Art der Betätigungen für Kupplungsanordnungen geeignet, die geringe Auslenkbewegung (insbesondere in Kurvenfahrten) und Kupplungshübe erfahren. Zudem sind durch den möglichen Anbau von Seitenpuffern und automatischen Kupplungen die Anbauverhältnisse am Kupplungskopf derart beengt, dass der Anbau solcher Lösungen konstruktiv aufwendig ist. Zudem ist bei solchen Ausführungen ein erheblicher Verschleiß durch Reibung vorzufinden.Actuating rods can also consist of cardanically hinged release shafts. These are designed in such a way that the swivel movement of the actuating handle is converted into a rotary movement to open the locking system. Due to the design, this type of actuation is suitable for coupling arrangements that experience little deflection movement (particularly when cornering) and coupling strokes. In addition, the possible installation of side buffers and automatic couplings means that the installation conditions on the coupling head are so restricted that the installation of such solutions is structurally complex. In addition, such designs are subject to considerable wear due to friction.

Aus der Druckschrift DE 10 020 351 A1 ist eine Betätigungseinrichtung für eine Umstellautomatik und/oder ein Riegelsystem einer automatischen Kupplung bekannt. Diese ist insbesondere für den Einsatz an Schienenfahrzeugen geeignet. Sie umfasst eine Betätigungseinrichtung, die in mindestens drei Positionen (Entriegelung, Langstellung, Stoßstellung) überführbar ist. Als Mittel zur Übertragung der Betätigungskraft, die auf den Betätigungshebel einwirkt und zu dem Riegelsystem übertragen wird, ist ein flexibles Übertragungselement vorgesehen, welches Zugkräfte überträgt. Vorzugsweise wird ein Bowdenzug vorgeschlagen. Die Länge des Bowdenzugs ist begrenzt.From the publication EN 10 020 351 A1 An actuating device for an automatic changeover and/or a locking system of an automatic coupling is known. This is particularly suitable for use on rail vehicles. It comprises an actuating device that can be moved into at least three positions (unlocking, long position, push position). A flexible transmission element that transmits tensile forces is provided as a means for transmitting the actuating force that acts on the actuating lever and is transmitted to the locking system. A Bowden cable is preferably proposed. The length of the Bowden cable is limited.

Darüber hinaus weisen Entkupplungsvorrichtungen, die auf einem Seilzugsystem mit Umlenkrolle basieren, den Nachteil auf, dass ein Entkupplungsvorgang nur mit einem erhöhten Kraftaufwand (> 400 N) möglich ist, da derartige Seilzugsysteme einen relativ hohen Reibungswiderstand insbesondere in Rollenlagern aufweisen. Darüber hinaus sind - wenn überhaupt - nur kleine Hebel realisierbar.In addition, uncoupling devices based on a cable pull system with a pulley have the disadvantage that a uncoupling process can only with an increased effort (> 400 N) is possible, since such cable pull systems have a relatively high frictional resistance, especially in roller bearings. In addition, only small levers can be implemented - if at all.

Um diesen Nachteil zu umgehen, wäre es grundsätzlich denkbar, bei Seilzugsystemen längere Seilzüge mit zusätzlichen Umlenkrollen einzusetzen. Hierbei besteht jedoch die Gefahr, dass eine Rückstellwirkung des Seilzugs nicht (näher) gewährleistet ist. Darüber hinaus leidet ein derartiges Seilzugsystem mit längeren Seilzügen (längeren Hüben) unter einem starken Verschleiß bzw. einer schnellen Beschädigung der bei dem Seilzugsystem zum Einsatz kommenden Komponenten.To avoid this disadvantage, it would be conceivable to use longer cables with additional pulleys in cable pull systems. However, there is a risk that the return effect of the cable pull is not (more) guaranteed. In addition, such a cable pull system with longer cables (longer strokes) suffers from heavy wear and tear or rapid damage to the components used in the cable pull system.

Eine gattungsgemäße Handentkupplungseinrichtung ist in CN 206589896U offenbart. Die Handentkupplungseinrichtung umfasst einen am Gehäuse der Kupplung drehbar angelenkten Betätigungshebel. Der Betätigungshebel ist über einen Hebelarm mit dem Herzstück des Kupplungsverschlusses direkt gekoppelt. Der Hebelarm greift dabei direkt an diesem an und ist ferner in einem Abstand zur Drehachse des Betätigungshebels an diesem angelenkt. Ein Verschwenken des Betätigungshebels wird direkt auf den Kupplungsverschluss übertragen, wofür große Kräfte erforderlich sind.A generic manual uncoupling device is in CN206589896U disclosed. The manual uncoupling device comprises an actuating lever pivotally connected to the housing of the coupling. The actuating lever is directly coupled to the core of the coupling lock via a lever arm. The lever arm engages directly with the latter and is also pivoted to the actuating lever at a distance from the rotation axis of the actuating lever. Pivoting of the actuating lever is transmitted directly to the coupling lock, which requires large forces.

Auf Grundlage dieser Problemstellung liegt somit der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Betätigungsvorrichtung für den Verschluss einer automatischen Mittelpufferkupplung anzugeben, bei welchem mit relativ geringen Entkuppelkräften insbesondere unter 200 N manuell eine Mittelpufferkupplung entriegelt werden kann. Zudem soll die Betätigungsvorrichtung möglichst einfach aufgebaut und wartungsfrei konzipiert sein.Based on this problem, the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying an actuating device for locking an automatic central buffer coupling, in which a central buffer coupling can be unlocked manually with relatively low uncoupling forces, in particular under 200 N. In addition, the actuating device should be as simple as possible and designed to be maintenance-free.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch den Gegenstand des unabhängigen Patentanspruches 1 gelöst, wobei vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der erfindungsgemäßen Betätigungsvorrichtung in den entsprechenden abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben sind.This object is achieved by the subject matter of independent patent claim 1, wherein advantageous further developments of the actuating device according to the invention are specified in the corresponding dependent claims.

Demnach betrifft die Erfindung insbesondere eine Betätigungsvorrichtung für den Verschluss einer automatischen Mittelpufferkupplung, wobei diese Betätigungsvorrichtung auf den Einsatz eines Seilzugsystems mit Umlenkrollen etc. verzichtet. Vielmehr kommt ein Hebelmechanismus zum Einsatz, um ein bei einer Betätigung eines Betätigungsarmes generiertes Drehmoment auf eine Betätigungswelle zu übertragen, mit welcher das Riegelsystem des zu betätigenden Verschlusses der automatischen Mittelpufferkupplung verbunden, insbesondere wirkverbunden ist.Accordingly, the invention relates in particular to an actuating device for the closure of an automatic central buffer coupling, whereby this actuating device dispenses with the use of a cable pull system with pulleys etc. Instead, a lever mechanism is used to transmit a torque generated when an actuating arm is actuated to an actuating shaft with which the locking system of the closure to be actuated the automatic central buffer coupling, in particular is operatively connected.

Der Betätigungsarm der erfindungsgemäßen Betätigungsvorrichtung ist insbesondere manuell betätigbar und ist um eine erste Drehachse verschwenkbar an einem Gehäuse des Kupplungskopfes der Mittelpufferkupplung angelenkt. Andererseits ist die Betätigungswelle, welche mit dem Riegelsystem des zu betätigenden Verschlusses der Mittelpufferkupplung wirkverbunden ist, um eine parallel zu der ersten Drehachse verlaufende zweite Drehachse relativ zu dem Gehäuse des Kupplungskopfes der Mittelpufferkupplung drehbar gelagert.The actuating arm of the actuating device according to the invention can be actuated manually in particular and is pivotably connected to a housing of the coupling head of the central buffer coupling about a first axis of rotation. On the other hand, the actuating shaft, which is operatively connected to the locking system of the lock of the central buffer coupling to be actuated, is mounted so as to be rotatable about a second axis of rotation running parallel to the first axis of rotation relative to the housing of the coupling head of the central buffer coupling.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Betätigungsvorrichtung handelt es sich um eine besonders kompakt ausgeführte Vorrichtung, welche sich auch dafür eignet, nachträglich an einem Kupplungskopf einer Mittelpufferkupplung befestigt zu werden. Dadurch, dass bewusst auf Seilzugsysteme mit Umlenkrollen verzichtet wird, arbeitet die Betätigungsvorrichtung besonders verschleißarm.The actuating device according to the invention is a particularly compact device which is also suitable for being subsequently attached to a coupling head of a central buffer coupling. Because cable pull systems with deflection rollers are deliberately dispensed with, the actuating device is particularly wear-resistant.

Darüber hinaus ist die Bedienung der Betätigungsvorrichtung auch außerhalb des Berner Raumes möglich. Als weiterer Vorteil ist zu nennen, dass sich die erfindungsgemäße Betätigungsvorrichtung durch ihre einfache Handhabung auszeichnet.In addition, the operating device can also be operated outside the Bern area. Another advantage is that the operating device according to the invention is characterized by its easy handling.

Die Verwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Hebelmechanismus erlaubt eine Raststellung (Verriegelungsstellung) mittels einer Übertotpunktverriegelung. Vorzugsweise weist hierzu der Hebelmechanismus einen vorzugsweise fest und insbesondere drehfest mit der Betätigungswelle verbundenen oder verbindbaren Koppelarm auf. Der Koppelarm ist bei Betätigung des Betätigungsarms von einer ersten Stellung, in welcher der Verschluss der Mittelpufferkupplung geschlossen ist, in eine zweite Stellung überführbar, in welcher der Verschluss der Mittelpufferkupplung geöffnet ist.The use of the lever mechanism according to the invention allows a locking position (locking position) by means of an over-center locking. For this purpose, the lever mechanism preferably has a coupling arm that is preferably fixedly and in particular rotationally fixedly connected or connectable to the actuating shaft. When the actuating arm is actuated, the coupling arm can be moved from a first position, in which the lock of the central buffer coupling is closed, to a second position, in which the lock of the central buffer coupling is open.

Vorzugsweise ist ferner ein Vorspannelement, insbesondere in Gestalt einer Feder, vorgesehen, um den Koppelarm in der ersten Stellung vorzuspannen.Preferably, a prestressing element, in particular in the form of a spring, is also provided in order to prestress the coupling arm in the first position.

Gemäß bevorzugten Realisierungen der erfindungsgemäßen Betätigungsvorrichtung weist der Hebelmechanismus mindestens einen Hebelarm auf, über den der Betätigungsarm mit der Betätigungswelle wirkverbunden ist. Vorzugsweise ist dabei der mindestens eine Hebelarm derart an dem Betätigungsarm angelenkt, dass bei Betätigung des Betätigungsarms dieser relativ zu dem mindestens einen Hebelarm um eine zur ersten und zweiten Drehachse parallele dritte Drehachse verschwenkt wird.According to preferred implementations of the actuating device according to the invention, the lever mechanism has at least one lever arm, via which the Actuating arm is operatively connected to the actuating shaft. Preferably, the at least one lever arm is articulated to the actuating arm in such a way that when the actuating arm is actuated, it is pivoted relative to the at least one lever arm about a third axis of rotation parallel to the first and second axes of rotation.

In diesem Zusammenhang bietet es sich an, dass der mindestens eine Hebelarm derart an dem Koppelarm angelenkt ist, dass bei Betätigung des Betätigungsarms der mindestens eine Hebelarm relativ zu dem Koppelarm um eine zur ersten und zweiten Drehachse parallele vierte Drehachse verschwenkt wird.In this context, it is advisable that the at least one lever arm is articulated to the coupling arm in such a way that when the actuating arm is actuated, the at least one lever arm is pivoted relative to the coupling arm about a fourth axis of rotation parallel to the first and second axes of rotation.

Um die Funktionssicherheit der Betätigungsvorrichtung zu optimieren, ist vorzugsweise dem mindestens einen Hebelarm eine Führung zugeordnet, um eine Bewegung des mindestens einen Hebelarms bei Betätigung des Betätigungsarms zu führen. Beispielsweise kann die Führung einen insbesondere gradlinig verlaufenden Führungsschlitz aufweisen, in den ein mit dem mindestens einen Hebelarm verbundener Führungsstein linearbeweglich aufgenommen ist.In order to optimize the functional reliability of the actuating device, a guide is preferably assigned to the at least one lever arm in order to guide a movement of the at least one lever arm when the actuating arm is actuated. For example, the guide can have a guide slot that runs in a straight line, in which a guide block connected to the at least one lever arm is accommodated in a linearly movable manner.

Gemäß Weiterbildungen der erfindungsgemäßen Betätigungsvorrichtung ist vorgesehen, dass der mindestens eine Hebelarm einen an dem Koppelarm um die vierte Drehachse relativ zu dem Koppelarm verschwenkbar angelenkten gradlinigen Bereich und einen an dem Betätigungsarm um die dritte Drehachse relativ zu dem Betätigungsarm verschwenkbar angelenkten gekrümmten Bereich aufweist.According to further developments of the actuating device according to the invention, it is provided that the at least one lever arm has a straight-line region pivotably connected to the coupling arm about the fourth axis of rotation relative to the coupling arm and a curved region pivotably connected to the actuating arm about the third axis of rotation relative to the actuating arm.

Nachfolgend werden unter Bezugnahme auf die beiliegenden Zeichnungen Ausführungsformen der erfindungsgemäßen Betätigungsvorrichtung näher beschrieben.Embodiments of the actuating device according to the invention are described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Es zeigen:

FIG. 1
schematisch und in einer Draufsicht eine erste exemplarische Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Betätigungsvorrichtung in einer Übertotpunktstellung des Betätigungsarms, in welcher der Verschluss der Mittelpufferkupplung geschlossen ist;
FIG. 2
schematisch und in einer Draufsicht die exemplarische Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Betätigungsvorrichtung gemäß FIG. 1 in einem Zustand, in welchem der Betätigungsarm in die zweite Stellung überführt ist, in welcher der Verschluss der Mittelpufferkupplung geöffnet ist;
FIG. 3
schematisch und in einer Draufsicht eine zweite exemplarische Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Betätigungsvorrichtung in einer Übertotpunktstellung, in welcher der Betätigungsarm in seiner ersten Stellung vorliegt, in welcher der Verschluss der Mittelpufferkupplung geschlossen ist;
FIG. 4
schematisch und in einer Draufsicht die exemplarische Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Betätigungsvorrichtung gemäß FIG. 3 in einem Zustand, in welchem der Betätigungsarm in der zweiten Stellung vorliegt, in welcher der Verschluss der Mittelpufferkupplung geöffnet ist; und
FIG. 5
schematisch und in einer isometrischen Ansicht die Betätigungsvorrichtung gemäß FIG. 3.
Show it:
FIG. 1
schematically and in a plan view a first exemplary embodiment of the actuating device according to the invention in an over-center position of the actuating arm, in which the lock of the center buffer coupling is closed;
FIG. 2
schematically and in a plan view the exemplary embodiment of the actuating device according to the invention according to FIG. 1 in a state in which the operating arm is moved into the second position in which the lock of the central buffer coupling is opened;
FIG. 3
schematically and in a plan view a second exemplary embodiment of the actuating device according to the invention in an over-center position, in which the actuating arm is in its first position, in which the lock of the central buffer coupling is closed;
FIG. 4
schematically and in a plan view the exemplary embodiment of the actuating device according to the invention according to FIG. 3 in a state in which the actuating arm is in the second position in which the lock of the central buffer coupling is open; and
FIG. 5
schematically and in an isometric view the actuating device according to FIG. 3 .

Die in den Zeichnungen gezeigten exemplarischen Ausführungsformen der erfindungsgemäßen Betätigungsvorrichtung sind jeweils in einem Zustand gezeigt, in welchem die Betätigungsvorrichtungen an einem (gestrichelt dargestellten) Kupplungskopf einer automatischen Mittelpufferkupplung eines spurgeführten Fahrzeugs montiert sind.The exemplary embodiments of the actuating device according to the invention shown in the drawings are each shown in a state in which the actuating devices are mounted on a coupling head (shown in dashed lines) of an automatic center buffer coupling of a rail-guided vehicle.

Die exemplarischen Ausführungsformen der erfindungsgemäßen Betätigungsvorrichtung 1 dienen zum manuellen Betätigen des Verschlusses der zugeordneten Mittelpufferkupplung. Hierzu weisen die Betätigungsvorrichtungen 1 jeweils einen um eine erste Drehachse 3 verschwenkbar an einem Gehäuse 4 der Mittelpufferkupplung angelenkten Betätigungsarm 2 auf.The exemplary embodiments of the actuating device 1 according to the invention serve for manually actuating the lock of the associated central buffer coupling. For this purpose, the actuating devices 1 each have an actuating arm 2 which is pivotably connected to a housing 4 of the central buffer coupling about a first axis of rotation 3.

Darüber hinaus weist jede Betätigungsvorrichtung 1 eine um eine parallel zur ersten Drehachse 3 verlaufende zweite Drehachse 5 relativ zu dem Gehäuse 4 der Mittelpufferkupplung drehbar gelagerte Betätigungswelle 6 auf, welche mit dem Verschluss der Mittelpufferkupplung wirkverbunden oder wirkverbindbar ist.In addition, each actuating device 1 has an actuating shaft 6 which is rotatably mounted relative to the housing 4 of the central buffer coupling about a second axis of rotation 5 running parallel to the first axis of rotation 3 and which is operatively connected or operatively connectable to the closure of the central buffer coupling.

Zum Verbinden, insbesondere Wirkverbinden des Betätigungsarms 2 mit der Betätigungswelle 6, kommt ein Hebelmechanismus zum Einsatz. Im Einzelnen dient der Hebelmechanismus zum Übertragen eines bei einer Betätigung des Betätigungsarms 2 generierten Drehmoments auf die Betätigungswelle 6.A lever mechanism is used to connect, in particular to operatively connect, the actuating arm 2 to the actuating shaft 6. In detail, the lever mechanism serves to transmit a torque generated when the actuating arm 2 is actuated to the actuating shaft 6.

Bei den in den Zeichnungen gezeigten Ausführungsformen der erfindungsgemäßen Betätigungsvorrichtung 1 weist der Hebelmechanismus einen vorzugsweise fest und insbesondere drehfest mit der Betätigungswelle 6 verbundenen oder verbindbaren Koppelarm 8 auf. Der Koppelarm 8 ist bei Betätigung des Betätigungsarms 2 von einer ersten Stellung, in welcher der Verschluss der Mittelpufferkupplung geschlossen ist (vgl. FIG. 1 und FIG. 3 bzw. FIG. 5), in eine zweite Stellung (vgl. FIG. 2 und FIG. 4) überführbar, in welcher der Verschluss der Mittelpufferkupplung geöffnet ist. Darüber hinaus kommt ein Vorspannelement 9 in Gestalt einer Feder zum Einsatz, um den Koppelarm 8 in die erste Stellung vorzuspannen.In the embodiments of the actuating device 1 according to the invention shown in the drawings, the lever mechanism has a coupling arm 8 which is preferably fixedly and in particular rotationally fixedly connected or connectable to the actuating shaft 6. When the actuating arm 2 is actuated, the coupling arm 8 is moved from a first position in which the lock of the central buffer coupling is closed (cf. FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 or. FIG. 5 ), into a second position (cf. FIG. 2 and FIG. 4 ) in which the lock of the central buffer coupling is open. In addition, a pre-tensioning element 9 in the form of a spring is used to pre-tension the coupling arm 8 into the first position.

Ferner ist bei den in den Zeichnungen gezeigten exemplarischen Ausführungsformen der erfindungsgemäßen Betätigungsvorrichtung 1 vorgesehen, dass der Hebelmechanismus einen Hebelarm 10 aufweist, über den der Betätigungsarm 2 mit der Betätigungswelle 6 wirkverbunden ist. Im Einzelnen ist der Hebelarm 10 derart an dem Betätigungsarm 2 angelenkt, dass bei Betätigung des Betätigungsarms 2 dieser relativ zu dem mindestens einen Hebelarm 10 um eine zur ersten und zweiten Drehachse 5 parallele dritte Drehachse 11 verschwenkt wird.Furthermore, in the exemplary embodiments of the actuating device 1 according to the invention shown in the drawings, it is provided that the lever mechanism has a lever arm 10, via which the actuating arm 2 is operatively connected to the actuating shaft 6. In detail, the lever arm 10 is articulated on the actuating arm 2 in such a way that when the actuating arm 2 is actuated, it is pivoted relative to the at least one lever arm 10 about a third axis of rotation 11 parallel to the first and second axis of rotation 5.

Ferner ist bei den in den Zeichnungen gezeigten exemplarischen Ausführungsformen der erfindungsgemäßen Betätigungsvorrichtung 1 vorgesehen, dass der Hebelarm 10 derart an dem Koppelarm 8 angelenkt ist, dass bei Betätigung des Betätigungsarms 2 der mindestens eine Hebelarm 10 relativ zu dem Koppelarm 8 um eine zur ersten und zweiten Drehachse 3, 5 parallele vierte Drehachse 12 verschwenkt wird.Furthermore, in the exemplary embodiments of the actuating device 1 according to the invention shown in the drawings, it is provided that the lever arm 10 is articulated to the coupling arm 8 in such a way that when the actuating arm 2 is actuated, the at least one lever arm 10 is pivoted relative to the coupling arm 8 about a fourth axis of rotation 12 parallel to the first and second axis of rotation 3, 5.

Bei den in den Zeichnungen gezeigten Ausführungsformen der erfindungsgemäßen Betätigungsvorrichtung 1 kommt ein Träger 13 zum Einsatz, der den zur Drehachse 3 gehörigen Drehpunkt aufnimmt. Der Träger ist ausgebildet, die Lagerkräfte in Folge eines Entkupplungsvorganges aufzunehmen und dient somit als eine Drehmomentstütze.In the embodiments of the actuating device 1 according to the invention shown in the drawings, a carrier 13 is used which accommodates the pivot point belonging to the axis of rotation 3. The carrier is designed to absorb the bearing forces as a result of a decoupling process and thus serves as a torque support.

Obgleich in den Zeichnungen nicht gezeigt, ist es grundsätzlich denkbar, dass dem Hebelarm 10 eine Führung zugeordnet ist, um eine Bewegung des Hebelarms 10 bei Betätigung des Betätigungsarms 2 entsprechend zu führen. Insbesondere kann die Führung einen gradlinig verlaufenden Führungsschlitz aufweisen, in den ein mit dem Hebelarm 10 verbundener Führungsstein linearbeweglich aufgenommen ist.Although not shown in the drawings, it is fundamentally conceivable that the lever arm 10 is assigned a guide in order to guide a movement of the lever arm 10 when the actuating arm 2 is actuated. In particular, the guide can have a straight guide slot in which a guide block connected to the lever arm 10 is accommodated in a linearly movable manner.

Zur Realisierung der in FIG. 1 und FIG. 3 gezeigten Übertotpunktstellung ist bei den exemplarischen Ausführungsformen der Betätigungsvorrichtung 1 vorgesehen, dass der Hebelarm 10 einen an dem Koppelarm 8 um die vierte Drehachse 12 relativ zu dem Koppelarm 8 verschwenkbar angelenkten geradlinigen Bereich und einen an dem Betätigungsarm 2 um die dritte Drehachse 11 relativ zu dem Betätigungsarm 2 verschwenkbar angelenkten gekrümmten Bereich 16 aufweist. Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die in den Zeichnungen schematisch gezeigten Ausführungsbeispielen beschränkt, sondern ergibt sich aus einer Zusammenschau sämtlicher hierin offenbarter Merkmale, vorausgesetzt, diese Ausführungen seien auf den beiliegenden Ansprüchen gestützt.To realize the FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 In the over-dead-center position shown, in the exemplary embodiments of the actuating device 1, the lever arm 10 has a straight-line region pivotably connected to the coupling arm 8 about the fourth axis of rotation 12 relative to the coupling arm 8 and a curved region 16 pivotably connected to the actuating arm 2 about the third axis of rotation 11 relative to the actuating arm 2. The invention is not limited to the embodiments shown schematically in the drawings, but results from a synopsis of all the features disclosed herein, provided that these embodiments are based on the appended claims.

BezugszeichenlisteList of reference symbols

11
BetätigungsvorrichtungActuating device
22
BetätigungsarmActuating arm
33
erste Drehachsefirst axis of rotation
44
Gehäuse der MittelpufferkupplungHousing of the central buffer coupling
55
zweite Drehachsesecond axis of rotation
66
BetätigungswelleActuating shaft
88th
KoppelarmCoupling arm
99
VorspannelementPreload element
1010
HebelarmLever arm
1111
dritte Drehachsethird axis of rotation
1212
vierte Drehachsefourth axis of rotation
1313
Trägercarrier
1616
gekrümmter Bereich des Hebelarmscurved area of the lever arm

Claims (5)

  1. Apparatus (1) for actuating the lock of an automatic central-buffer coupling of a track-guided vehicle, in particular rail vehicle, wherein the apparatus (1) has the following:
    - an actuating arm (2) which is articulated on a housing (4) of the central-buffer coupling so as to be pivotable about a first axis of rotation (3) ;
    - an actuating shaft (6) which is mounted so as to be rotatable about a second axis of rotation (5), extending parallel to the first axis of rotation (3), relative to the housing (4) of the central-buffer coupling and which is operatively connected or operatively connectable to the lock of the central-buffer coupling; and
    - a lever mechanism for transmitting a torque which is generated upon actuation of the actuating arm (2) to the actuating shaft (6);
    characterized in that the lever mechanism is configured to realize a latching position of the actuating arm (2), wherein the latching position corresponds to a locking position of the lock, and wherein, in the latching position, the actuating arm (2) is in a beyond-dead-centre position, wherein
    the lever mechanism has a coupling arm (8) which is preferably fixedly and in particular rotationally conjointly connected or connectable to the actuating shaft (6) and the lever mechanism has at least one lever arm (10) via which the actuating arm (2) is operatively connected to the actuating shaft (6), wherein the at least one lever arm (10) is articulated on the actuating arm (2) in such a way that, upon actuation of the actuating arm (2), this is pivoted about a third axis of rotation (11), which is parallel to the first and second axes of rotation (3, 5), relative to the at least one lever arm (10) and the at least one lever arm (10) is articulated on the coupling arm (8) in such a way that, upon actuation of the actuating arm (2), the at least one lever arm (10) is pivoted about a fourth axis of rotation (12), which is parallel to the first and second axes of rotation (3, 5), relative to the coupling arm (8), wherein the at least one lever arm (10) has a rectilinear region articulated on the coupling arm (8) so as to be pivotable about the fourth axis of rotation (12) relative to the coupling arm (8) and has a curved region (16) articulated on the actuating arm (2) so as to be pivotable about the third axis of rotation (11) relative to the actuating arm (2).
  2. Apparatus (1) according to Claim 1,
    wherein, upon actuation of the actuating arm (2), the coupling arm (8) is transferable from a first position, in which the lock of the central-buffer coupling is closed, into a second position, in which the lock of the central-buffer coupling is open, wherein provision is made of a preload element (9), in particular in the form of a spring, for preloading the coupling arm (8) into the first position.
  3. Apparatus (1) according to either of Claims 1 and 2,
    wherein the at least one lever arm (10) is assigned a guide for guiding a movement of the at least one lever arm (10) upon actuation of the actuating arm (2) .
  4. Apparatus (1) according to Claim 3,
    wherein the guide has a guide slot which extends in an in particular rectilinear manner and in which a guide block connected to the at least one lever arm (10) is received in a linearly displaceable manner.
  5. Automatic central-buffer coupling of a track-guided vehicle, in particular rail vehicle, having an apparatus (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 4 for actuating the lock of the central-buffer coupling.
EP20776085.1A 2019-12-18 2020-09-15 Device for actuating the lock of an automatic middle buffer coupling Active EP4077094B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019134906.0A DE102019134906A1 (en) 2019-12-18 2019-12-18 DEVICE FOR OPERATING THE LOCKING OF AN AUTOMATIC CENTER BUFFER CLUTCH
PCT/EP2020/075708 WO2021121692A1 (en) 2019-12-18 2020-09-15 Device for actuating the lock of an automatic middle buffer coupling

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4077094A1 EP4077094A1 (en) 2022-10-26
EP4077094B1 true EP4077094B1 (en) 2024-06-05

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20776085.1A Active EP4077094B1 (en) 2019-12-18 2020-09-15 Device for actuating the lock of an automatic middle buffer coupling

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4077094B1 (en)
CN (1) CN114845923A (en)
DE (1) DE102019134906A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2021121692A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE57770C (en) * SCHMIDT-BLEEKER in Lingen a. d. Ems, Am Bahnhofe Knee lever for coupling the locomotive and tender
GB419590A (en) * 1934-04-23 1934-11-14 Scharfenbergkupplung Ag Improvements in or relating to automatic vehicle couplings
DE10020351A1 (en) * 2000-04-26 2001-11-08 Knorr Bremse Systeme Actuating device for an automatic changeover and / or a locking system of an automatic clutch
CH703319B1 (en) * 2006-08-29 2011-12-30 Schwab Verkehrstechnik Ag Coupling head for rail vehicles.
SE535890C2 (en) * 2011-06-09 2013-02-05 Ego Int Bv Coupler head with coupler housing made of sheet metal.
CN206589896U (en) * 2016-12-29 2017-10-27 比亚迪股份有限公司 Hitch connects hook solution hook assembly and the Rail Transit System with it
CN106985877B (en) * 2016-12-29 2018-03-27 比亚迪股份有限公司 Draft gear assemblies and there is its sit-astride track train

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2021121692A1 (en) 2021-06-24
EP4077094A1 (en) 2022-10-26
DE102019134906A1 (en) 2021-06-24
CN114845923A (en) 2022-08-02

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