EP3719588B1 - Automatisch regulierbarer oszillator einer uhr - Google Patents

Automatisch regulierbarer oszillator einer uhr Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3719588B1
EP3719588B1 EP19166996.9A EP19166996A EP3719588B1 EP 3719588 B1 EP3719588 B1 EP 3719588B1 EP 19166996 A EP19166996 A EP 19166996A EP 3719588 B1 EP3719588 B1 EP 3719588B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
balance
movement
plate
magnets
resonator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP19166996.9A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3719588A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Jacques Born
Paulo Bravo
Olivier Matthey
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Swatch Group Research and Development SA
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Swatch Group Research and Development SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Swatch Group Research and Development SA filed Critical Swatch Group Research and Development SA
Priority to EP19166996.9A priority Critical patent/EP3719588B1/de
Priority to US16/821,038 priority patent/US11537085B2/en
Priority to JP2020059492A priority patent/JP6883684B2/ja
Priority to CN202010259849.6A priority patent/CN111796503B/zh
Publication of EP3719588A1 publication Critical patent/EP3719588A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3719588B1 publication Critical patent/EP3719588B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04D—APPARATUS OR TOOLS SPECIALLY DESIGNED FOR MAKING OR MAINTAINING CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04D7/00—Measuring, counting, calibrating, testing or regulating apparatus
    • G04D7/12—Timing devices for clocks or watches for comparing the rate of the oscillating member with a standard
    • G04D7/1257—Timing devices for clocks or watches for comparing the rate of the oscillating member with a standard wherein further adjustment devices are present
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04C11/00—Synchronisation of independently-driven clocks
    • G04C11/08—Synchronisation of independently-driven clocks using an electro-magnet or-motor for oscillation correction
    • G04C11/081—Synchronisation of independently-driven clocks using an electro-magnet or-motor for oscillation correction using an electro-magnet
    • G04C11/084—Synchronisation of independently-driven clocks using an electro-magnet or-motor for oscillation correction using an electro-magnet acting on the balance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
    • G04B17/06—Oscillators with hairsprings, e.g. balance
    • G04B17/063—Balance construction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/20—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04C3/00—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means
    • G04C3/04—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a balance
    • G04C3/06—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a balance using electromagnetic coupling between electric power source and balance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04C3/00—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means
    • G04C3/04—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a balance
    • G04C3/06—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a balance using electromagnetic coupling between electric power source and balance
    • G04C3/065—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a balance using electromagnetic coupling between electric power source and balance the balance controlling gear-train by means of static switches, e.g. transistor circuits
    • G04C3/066—Constructional details, e.g. disposition of coils
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04C10/00—Arrangements of electric power supplies in time pieces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04D—APPARATUS OR TOOLS SPECIALLY DESIGNED FOR MAKING OR MAINTAINING CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04D7/00—Measuring, counting, calibrating, testing or regulating apparatus
    • G04D7/12—Timing devices for clocks or watches for comparing the rate of the oscillating member with a standard

Definitions

  • Watch movement equipped with a mechanical balance resonator and an electromagnetic regulator fitted with a coil integrated into the balance.
  • the rate of a watch movement, and its ability to tell time with precision depends on the precision of its mechanical resonator, that is to say on the precision - and the constancy - of its frequency of oscillation. .
  • CH 713 306 which moreover proposes, to solve it, a regulation device provided with a measuring device arranged to determine whether the mechanical resonator is affected by an advance or a delay, and with a device for applying d regulation pulses arranged to be able to selectively apply to the mechanical resonator a first braking pulse or, respectively, a second braking pulse.
  • the document EP 1 521 141 A1 similarly addresses the problem of regulating the oscillation frequency of a mechanical resonator.
  • An objective of the invention is to provide a solution to these problems.
  • This movement has a size similar to a conventional mechanical movement, while solving the problem of magnetic coupling (in particular thanks to the immobility of the permanent magnets).
  • the cavity is blind on the side of at least one of the faces of the balance.
  • the regulator may include a pair of coils. These coils are preferably diametrically opposed but, in certain configurations, they can be angularly offset by 120 ° for example.
  • the electromagnetic regulator preferably includes capacitors coupled to the electronic circuit.
  • a cover is advantageously mounted on the balance to close the cavity.
  • the (or each) permanent magnet is preferably made from a neodymium-iron-boron alloy.
  • Watch 1 comprises a middle part 2 which defines an internal volume 3.
  • watch 1 is designed to be worn on the wrist.
  • the middle part 2 comprises for this purpose horns 4, on which a bracelet 5 is fixed.
  • Watch 1 comprises a horological movement 6 designed to indicate at least the hours and minutes.
  • the movement 6 is of the mechanical type (that is to say that the energy is supplied by a barrel spring); its winding can be manual (i.e. winding of the barrel spring is carried out manually by means of a winder) or automatic (i.e. winding of the barrel spring results of the rotation of an oscillating weight).
  • Watch 1 further comprises a crystal and a back (not shown), fixed to the caseband 2 on the side, respectively, of a front face 9 (where are displayed information intended for the wearer) and a rear face (against the wrist of the wearer).
  • the mechanical resonator 8 comprises, first of all, an oscillating balance 11 mounted in rotation with respect to the plate 7 about an axis 12. More precisely, the balance 11 is mounted between the plate 7 and a bridge 13 balance fixed on it.
  • the plate 7 incorporates a lower bearing 14 in which a lower end of the axis 12 is fitted.
  • the balance bridge 13 incorporates an upper bearing 15 in which an upper end of the shaft 12 is fitted.
  • the balance 11 fulfills the function of a flywheel. It has an upper face 16 and a lower face 17 which jointly define at least one interior cavity 18.
  • the balance 11 can be made of brass. However, it is preferably made of an electrically non-conductive material, e.g. ceramic, quartz, silicon or a polymer to avoid eddy current losses.
  • the cavity 18 is blind (that is to say non-emerging) on at least one of the faces 16, 17 (on the lower face 17 in the example illustrated).
  • the mechanical resonator 8 comprises, secondly, a spiral spring 22 coupled to the balance 11.
  • the spiral spring 22 is produced for example. silicon, quartz, diamond or any other non-magnetic material known to those skilled in the art.
  • the spiral spring 22 has a first end 23 fixed relative to the plate 7, and a second end integral with the balance 11. More precisely, the first end 23, outside the spiral spring 22, is trapped in a holder. Eyebolt 24 integral with the upper bearing 15. The second end, inside the spring, is integral with the axis 12 of rotation of the balance 11.
  • the mechanical resonator 8 is intended, by the alternating rotation of the balance 11 accompanied (and constrained) by the compression-relaxation cycles of the spiral spring 22, to make the rotation of a gear train for transmitting an engine torque sequential and regular ( produced by a barrel spring (not shown) to display members (typically needles).
  • the rate of the mechanical resonator 8 can in particular be affected by the level of winding of the barrel spring, the ambient temperature or even the spatial orientation of the watch 1.
  • the magnet 30 (or each magnet 30) is mounted fixedly relative to the plate 7, while the coil 31 (or each coil 31), the quartz resonator 32 and the electronic circuit 33 are mounted on the balance 11 in being completely included in the cavity 18 delimited by the latter.
  • the magnet 30 (or the magnets 30) generate (s) a permanent magnetic field (that is to say, the value of which is invariable over time) and stationary (that is to say, the value of which is invariable at each point in space, taking plate 7 as a reference).
  • This magnetic field is partially illustrated in phantom lines on the FIG. 9 .
  • the magnet 30 (or each magnet 30) is advantageously made of a neodymium-iron-boron alloy, which offers the advantage of generating a powerful magnetic field while being of contained volume (and mass).
  • Magnet 30 (or each magnet 30) is preferably at least partly (and preferably totally, or even totally) housed in a notch 34 made in plate 7 (or in balance bridge 13).
  • the electromagnetic regulator 29 preferably comprises at least one pair of magnets 30 mounted fixedly relative to the plate 7. These magnets 30 can be mounted side by side on the plate 7, or on the balance bridge 13.
  • the upper magnets 30 are advantageously positioned in line with the lower magnets 30.
  • the opposite faces of the upper magnets 30 and the lower magnets 30 are advantageously of the same polarity, so as to obtain a good local concentration of the field. magnetic, and field lines oriented perpendicular to the plane swept by the balance 11.
  • the magnets 30, while generating a powerful magnetic field have a small volume which allows their discreet integration into the plate 7 and / or into the balance bridge 13. In fact, it is even possible to make them invisible to the naked eye. It is also possible to envisage masking them by means of one or more pellet (s) 35 which can also each play the role of a pole piece to concentrate the magnetic field generated by the magnets.
  • the magnets 30 can be arranged in various configurations, in addition to those which have just been described. Thus, it may be advantageous to arrange the magnets 30 in a configuration, illustrated in FIG. 10 , called Halbach, in which several magnets 30 are arranged side by side with their polarities shifted by 90 ° (it is easy to understand, on the FIG. 10 , that the letters N and S respectively denote the north and south poles of the magnets 30).
  • Halbach in which several magnets 30 are arranged side by side with their polarities shifted by 90 ° (it is easy to understand, on the FIG. 10 , that the letters N and S respectively denote the north and south poles of the magnets 30).
  • Such a configuration makes it possible to concentrate the magnetic field on one face of the series of magnets 30, as illustrated by the arrows, while the opposite face generates only a weak magnetic field.
  • the internal cavity 18 of the balance 11 is defined by the rim 20: it is therefore in the rim 20 that the (or each) coil 31, the quartz resonator 32 and the electronic circuit 33 are housed.
  • the passage of the (or each) coil 31 in the magnetic field generated by the magnet (s) 30 induces therein a current which supplies the electronic circuit 33 and the quartz resonator 32.
  • the quartz resonator 32 vibrates at a predetermined fixed frequency and provides a clock rate to the electronic circuit 33.
  • the electronic circuit 33 is programmed to measure the frequency of the oscillations of the balance 11 (which result in pulses electrical) and to compare them with a predetermined reference frequency, derived from the clock rate provided by the quartz.
  • the electronic circuit 33 imposes a voltage across the coils 31 that produces a back-electromotive force which either increases the frequency of rotation of the balance 11 (when this frequency is declared lower than the reference frequency) or decreases it (when this frequency is declared higher than the reference frequency), depending on the instant at which this voltage is applied.
  • the distance between the quartz resonator 32 and the circuit 33 is preferable for the distance between the quartz resonator 32 and the circuit 33 to be small, so as to minimize any interference.
  • the electromagnetic regulator 29 comprises a pair of coils 31.
  • These coils 31 can be diametrically opposed ( FIG. 2 , FIG.5 to FIG.8 , FIG. 9 , FIG. 11 , FIG. 12 , FIG. 16 , FIG. 17 and FIG. 18 .
  • the coils 31 can be angularly offset by an angle of 120 ° for example, as illustrated in the FIG.13, FIG.14 and FIG. 15 .
  • the electromagnetic regulator 29 may include only one coil 31 ( FIG.19 to FIG.22 ) which passes alternately opposite two magnets 30 angularly offset (or two pairs of magnets 30 angularly offset).
  • the regulator 29 advantageously comprises capacitors 36 coupled to the circuit 33 and whose function is twofold: to rectify the voltage at the terminals of the circuit 33; provide a gain on this voltage by increasing its value.
  • the movement 6 also comprises a cover 37 mounted on the balance 11 and which closes the cavity 18.
  • This cover 37 makes it possible to conceal in view of the wearer, the coils 31, the quartz resonator 32 and the electrical circuit 33, for the benefit of the aesthetics of the movement 6.
  • This cover 37 is advantageously made of brass, which has the advantage to be non-magnetic and, consequently, not to affect the movements of the balance 11 immersed in the magnetic field generated by the magnet 30 (or the magnets 30).
  • the cover can be made of ceramic, quartz, silicon or a polymer.
  • the balance 11 may be pierced with notches or holes, distributed so as to compensate for the imbalance induced by the on-board components (in particular the coils 31, the quartz resonator 32, circuit 33 and capacitors 36.
  • weights 38 the number and / or position of which can be adjustable, can be mounted on the balance 11 (typically on the rim 20) .
  • the electromagnetic regulator 29 is completely hidden, and invisible to the wearer of the watch 1, for the benefit of the aesthetics of the latter.
  • the moving components of the regulator 29 (coils 31, quartz resonator 32, circuit 33, capacitors 36) are included in the internal cavity 18 of the balance 11. These moving components are hidden from the view of the wearer either by the blind face of the balance 11 (here the lower face 17), or by the cover 37.
  • the magnets 30 they are also invisible (or at the very least discreet) by being masked either by the mass of the plate 7, or by the mass of the balance bridge 13, or by a pellet 35.
  • the inclusion of the magnet 30 (or magnets 30), compact (s) in the plate 7 and / or in the balance bridge 13 does not require any particular modification of their shape, and in particular does not require not to thicken it (respectively to thicken them).
  • the inclusion of the coil (s) 31, of the quartz resonator 32 and of the electronic circuit 33 in the balance 11 (and more precisely in the rim 20) does not generate any extra thickness. It may be necessary to widen the rim 20 or the arms 21 if necessary, but this widening does not affect the overall size of the balance 11.
  • the generated magnetic field is permanent and stationary, unaffected by undesirable variations.
  • the coils 31 are passive when they are outside the magnetic field generated by the magnets 30, the frequency of rotation of the balance 11 is not affected by the possible presence of metal parts in its close environment.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromechanical Clocks (AREA)
  • Piezo-Electric Or Mechanical Vibrators, Or Delay Or Filter Circuits (AREA)
  • Electric Clocks (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Uhrwerk (6) einer Uhr, umfassend:
    - Eine Werkplatte (7);
    - Einen mechanischen Resonator (8), umfassend:
    • Eine schwingende Unruh (11), die im Verhältnis zu der Werkplatte (7) um eine Achse (12) rotierend angebracht ist, wobei diese Unruh (11) eine Oberseite (16) und eine Unterseite (17) hat, und
    • Eine an die Unruh (11) gekoppelte Spiralfeder (22), wobei diese Spiralfeder (22) ein im Verhältnis zu der Werkplatte (7) festes erstes Ende (23) und ein mit der Unruh (11) fest verbundenes zweites Ende hat;
    - Einen an den mechanischen Resonator (8) gekoppelten elektromagnetischen Regulator (29) zum Regeln der Frequenz der Schwingungen der Unruh (11), wobei dieser elektromagnetische Regulator (29) umfasst:
    • Mindestens einen Dauermagneten (300),
    • Mindestens eine Spule (31),
    • Einen Quarz- oder Silicium-Resonator (32) und
    • Einen mit dem Resonator (32) und mit der Spule (31) verbundenen elektronischen Schaltkreis (33);
    Wobei dieses Uhrwerk (6) dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass:
    - Der Magnet (30) im Verhältnis zur Werkplatte (7) fest angebracht ist;
    - Die Spule (31), der Resonator (32) und der elektronische Schaltkreis (33) auf der Unruh (11) angebracht sind, indem sie in mindestens einen von dieser vollständig begrenzten inneren Hohlraum (18) eingelassen sind.
  2. Uhrwerk (6) nach Anspruch 1 oder Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Hohlraum (18) auf der Seite von mindestens einer der Seiten (16, 17) der Unruh (11) blind ist.
  3. Uhrwerk (6) nach Anspruch 1 oder Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Unruh (6) einen Radkranz (20) umfasst, der einen Hohlraum (18) definiert, in dem die (oder jede) Spule (31), der Quarz-Resonator (32) und der elektronische Schaltkreis (33) untergebracht sind.
  4. Uhrwerk (6) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Regulator (29) ein Paar Spulen (31) umfasst.
  5. Uhrwerk (6) nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Spulen (31) diametral gegenüberliegen.
  6. Uhrwerk (6) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der elektromagnetische Regulator (29) an den elektronischen Schaltkreis (33) gekoppelte Kapazitäten (36) umfasst.
  7. Uhrwerk (6) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es einen auf der Unruh (11) angebrachten Deckel (37) umfasst, der den vom Radkranz (20) definierten Hohlraum (18) verschließt.
  8. Uhrwerk (6) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der (oder jeder) Dauermagnet (300) aus einer Neodym-Eisen-Bor-Legierung hergestellt ist.
  9. Uhrwerk (6) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der elektromagnetische Regulator (29) mindestens ein Paar Magneten (30) umfasst, die im Verhältnis zur Werkplatte (7) auf der Seite der Oberseite (16) der Unruh (11) fest angebracht sind.
  10. Uhrwerk (6) nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es mindestens zwei einander zugewandte Magneten (30) umfasst, nämlich einen oberen Magneten (30), der im Verhältnis zur Werkplatte (7) auf der Seite der Oberseite (16) der Unruh (11) fest angebracht ist, und einen unteren Magneten (30), der im Verhältnis zur Werkplatte (7) auf der Seite der Unterseite (17) der Unruh (11) fest angebracht ist.
  11. Uhrwerk (6) nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es mindestens zwei Paar Magneten (30) umfasst, nämlich ein erstes Paar obere Magneten (30), die im Verhältnis zur Werkplatte (7) auf der Seite der Oberseite (16) der Unruh (11) fest angebracht sind, und ein Paar untere Magneten (30), die im Verhältnis zur Werkplatte (7) auf der Seite der Unterseite (17) der Unruh (11) fest angebracht sind.
  12. Uhr (1), die mit einem Uhrwerk (6) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche ausgestattet ist.
EP19166996.9A 2019-04-03 2019-04-03 Automatisch regulierbarer oszillator einer uhr Active EP3719588B1 (de)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19166996.9A EP3719588B1 (de) 2019-04-03 2019-04-03 Automatisch regulierbarer oszillator einer uhr
US16/821,038 US11537085B2 (en) 2019-04-03 2020-03-17 Self-adjustable horological oscillator
JP2020059492A JP6883684B2 (ja) 2019-04-03 2020-03-30 自己調節式時計発振器
CN202010259849.6A CN111796503B (zh) 2019-04-03 2020-04-03 可自调节的钟表振荡器

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19166996.9A EP3719588B1 (de) 2019-04-03 2019-04-03 Automatisch regulierbarer oszillator einer uhr

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3719588A1 EP3719588A1 (de) 2020-10-07
EP3719588B1 true EP3719588B1 (de) 2021-11-03

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19166996.9A Active EP3719588B1 (de) 2019-04-03 2019-04-03 Automatisch regulierbarer oszillator einer uhr

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US11537085B2 (de)
EP (1) EP3719588B1 (de)
JP (1) JP6883684B2 (de)
CN (1) CN111796503B (de)

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Publication number Publication date
JP6883684B2 (ja) 2021-06-09
EP3719588A1 (de) 2020-10-07
CN111796503A (zh) 2020-10-20
JP2020169988A (ja) 2020-10-15
CN111796503B (zh) 2022-02-25
US20200319598A1 (en) 2020-10-08
US11537085B2 (en) 2022-12-27

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