EP3584645B1 - Uhr, die ein mechanisches uhrwerk umfasst, dessen ganggenauigkeit durch eine elektromechanische vorrichtung reguliert wird - Google Patents

Uhr, die ein mechanisches uhrwerk umfasst, dessen ganggenauigkeit durch eine elektromechanische vorrichtung reguliert wird Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3584645B1
EP3584645B1 EP19175180.9A EP19175180A EP3584645B1 EP 3584645 B1 EP3584645 B1 EP 3584645B1 EP 19175180 A EP19175180 A EP 19175180A EP 3584645 B1 EP3584645 B1 EP 3584645B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mechanical resonator
alternation
stopping member
oscillation
mechanical
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EP19175180.9A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3584645A1 (de
Inventor
Lionel TOMBEZ
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Swatch Group Research and Development SA
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Swatch Group Research and Development SA
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/20—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B18/00—Mechanisms for setting frequency
    • G04B18/04—Adjusting the beat of the pendulum, balance, or the like, e.g. putting into beat
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04C3/00—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means
    • G04C3/04—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a balance
    • G04C3/042—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a balance using mechanical coupling
    • G04C3/045—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a balance using mechanical coupling with constant impulses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04C11/00—Synchronisation of independently-driven clocks
    • G04C11/08—Synchronisation of independently-driven clocks using an electro-magnet or-motor for oscillation correction
    • G04C11/081—Synchronisation of independently-driven clocks using an electro-magnet or-motor for oscillation correction using an electro-magnet
    • G04C11/084—Synchronisation of independently-driven clocks using an electro-magnet or-motor for oscillation correction using an electro-magnet acting on the balance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04C11/00—Synchronisation of independently-driven clocks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04C11/00—Synchronisation of independently-driven clocks
    • G04C11/08—Synchronisation of independently-driven clocks using an electro-magnet or-motor for oscillation correction
    • G04C11/085—Synchronisation of independently-driven clocks using an electro-magnet or-motor for oscillation correction using an electro-motor
    • G04C11/088—Synchronisation of independently-driven clocks using an electro-magnet or-motor for oscillation correction using an electro-motor acting on the balance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04C13/00—Driving mechanisms for clocks by master-clocks
    • G04C13/02—Circuit arrangements; Electric clock installations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04C13/00—Driving mechanisms for clocks by master-clocks
    • G04C13/02—Circuit arrangements; Electric clock installations
    • G04C13/028—Circuit arrangements; Electric clock installations transmission systems for synchronisation of pendulum of slave-clocks by pendulums of master-clocks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04C3/00—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means
    • G04C3/04—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a balance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04C3/00—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means
    • G04C3/04—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a balance
    • G04C3/042—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a balance using mechanical coupling
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04D—APPARATUS OR TOOLS SPECIALLY DESIGNED FOR MAKING OR MAINTAINING CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04D7/00—Measuring, counting, calibrating, testing or regulating apparatus
    • G04D7/12—Timing devices for clocks or watches for comparing the rate of the oscillating member with a standard
    • G04D7/1257—Timing devices for clocks or watches for comparing the rate of the oscillating member with a standard wherein further adjustment devices are present
    • G04D7/1264—Timing devices for clocks or watches for comparing the rate of the oscillating member with a standard wherein further adjustment devices are present for complete clockworks

Definitions

  • timing the operation of a mechanism is understood the fact of timing the movement of the movable elements of this mechanism when it is operating, in particular to determine the rotational speeds of its wheels.
  • the mechanical resonator is a sprung balance and the maintenance device comprises a conventional escapement, for example with a Swiss lever.
  • the auxiliary oscillator is formed in particular by a quartz resonator or by a resonator integrated in an electronic circuit.
  • the aim is to synchronize the frequency of the mechanical oscillator with that of a quartz oscillator by an interaction between the finger and the stop when the mechanical oscillator exhibits a time drift relative to a frequency of instruction, the finger being provided to be able to either momentarily block the balance which is then stopped in its movement for a certain time interval (the stop resting against the finger moved in its direction during a return of the balance in the direction of its neutral position), or limit the amplitude of oscillation when the finger arrives against the stop while the balance turns in the direction of one of its two extreme angular positions (defining its amplitude), the finger then stopping the oscillation and the balance starting directly in the opposite direction.
  • the movement of the finger is provided to make it possible to stop the balance by contact with the stop, but the finger is arranged so as not to come into contact with the rim of the balance.
  • the instant of an interaction between the finger and the stopper also depends on the amplitude of the oscillation of the sprung balance.
  • the desired synchronization appears improbable. This is because, in particular for a sprung balance whose frequency is greater than the setpoint frequency timing the back and forth movements of the finger and with a first interaction between the finger and the stopper which momentarily retains the balance returning from one of its two extreme angular positions (correction reducing the error), the second interaction, after numerous oscillations without the stop touching the finger during its reciprocating movement, will certainly be a stop of the balance by the finger with immediate reversal of its direction of motion. oscillation, by the fact that the stop abuts against the finger while the balance rotates in the direction of said extreme angular position (correction increasing the error).
  • the document EP 1164441 A1 describes a mechanical timepiece associated with an electromechanical device for correcting a temporal drift of its sprung balance forming, with a conventional escapement, a mechanical oscillator.
  • This first embodiment has various drawbacks, in particular because it is only capable of correcting an advance in the rate of the timepiece; which requires adjusting the mechanical oscillator so that its frequency is greater than a nominal frequency. Then, stopping the sprung balance close to its neutral position generates a relatively large shock between the balance and the fork of the anchor. In addition, when the escape wheel is released again, the sprung balance is initially stationary because it will have almost no initial amplitude. Although the sprung balance is stopped indirectly since the electromechanical correction device provided blocks the escape wheel, the preamble of claim 1 appended refers to this first embodiment.
  • the second embodiment described in the document EP 1164441 A1 has the advantage of allowing a correction of an advance or a delay in the operation of the timepiece.
  • this second embodiment relates to a relatively complex electromechanical correction device which is arranged so as to be able to vary the active length of the hairspring forming the sprung balance.
  • An aim of the present invention is to find a solution to the technical problems and drawbacks of the prior art mentioned in the technological background.
  • a mechanical watch movement In the context of the present invention, it is generally sought to improve the precision of the rate of a mechanical watch movement, that is to say to reduce the daily time drift of this mechanical movement.
  • the present invention seeks to achieve such an aim for a mechanical watch movement, the rate of which is initially adjusted as well as possible.
  • a general aim of the invention is to find a device for correcting a temporal drift of a movement. mechanical, namely a device for correcting its rate to increase its precision, without however renouncing that it can operate independently with the best precision that it is possible for it to have thanks to its own characteristics, c 'that is to say in the absence of the correction device or when the latter is inactive.
  • the present invention relates to a timepiece as defined in claim 1 attached.
  • the characteristics of the invention it is possible to reliably and efficiently regulate the rate of the mechanical movement, whether the latter has a time drift corresponding to a certain delay or to a certain advance.
  • the electromechanical device is formed by an actuator comprising a stop member defining a movable stop for a projecting part of the mechanical resonator, the stop member being arranged movable between a non-interaction position, where it is outside a space swept by the protruding part when the mechanical resonator oscillates with an amplitude in the useful operating range, and an interaction position where it is partially located in this space swept by the protruding part.
  • the stop member can be actuated on command to stop, via the protruding part abutting against the stop member then placed in its interaction position, the oscillating movement of the mechanical resonator in the direction of alternation given and selectively in the first half-wave or the second half-wave of this half-wave according to whether, respectively, at least a certain advance or at least a certain delay has been detected.
  • the electromechanical device is arranged so that, when the stop member is actuated to stop the mechanical resonator in a first half-wave, the stop member momentarily prevents, after the projecting part has abutted against this stop member, the mechanical resonator from continue the movement of natural oscillation specific to this first half-cycle, so that this movement of natural oscillation during the first half-cycle is momentarily interrupted before it is continued, with a certain time phase shift, after removal of the shut-off device.
  • the electromechanical device is arranged so that, when the stop member is actuated to stop the mechanical resonator in a second half-wave, it thus prematurely ends this second half-wave without blocking the resonator.
  • a timepiece 2 comprises a watch movement 4 and a regulating device 22 designed to be able to generate phase shifts in the oscillation movement of a mechanical resonator 6 arranged to clock the rate of the watch movement 4.
  • the mechanical movement 4 comprises at least one mechanism 12 indicating a temporal datum, this mechanism comprising a gear 16 driven by a barrel 14.
  • the mechanical resonator 6 is formed by a balance 8 and a hairspring 10.
  • the indicator mechanism 12 comprises a maintenance device of the mechanical resonator, this maintenance device being formed by an escapement 18.
  • the escapement and the mechanical resonator constitute a mechanical oscillator.
  • the escapement conventionally comprises an anchor and an escape wheel, the latter being kinematically connected to the barrel via the gear 16.
  • the mechanical resonator is capable of oscillating around a neutral position (rest position / angular position zero), corresponding to its state of minimum potential energy, along a circular geometric axis, that is to say to present an angular oscillation movement around the axis of rotation 9 of the balance.
  • a neutral position rest position / angular position zero
  • the radius of the circular geometric axis is unimportant.
  • the axis of oscillation defines a direction of oscillation which indicates the nature of the movement of the mechanical resonator, which may be linear in another specific embodiment.
  • Each oscillation of the mechanical resonator has two successive alternations between two extreme positions on the axis of oscillation, these extreme positions defining the amplitude of oscillation of the mechanical oscillator from the neutral position.
  • the actuator 28 comprises an electrical actuation circuit 29 and a stop member 30 of the mechanical resonator which is formed by a movable stop, which is defined in the variant of Figure 2 by a finger arranged at the end of a bar 31 made of piezoelectric material. This bar flexes when an electric voltage is applied by the electric circuit 29 between two electrodes arranged on two opposite faces of its side faces.
  • the circuit 29 is connected to the regulation circuit 24 which supplies it with a control signal Sc to actuate the movable stop 30 in the direction of the rim of the balance without however touching it.
  • the actuator comprises an electromagnetic system arranged to be able to move the stop member on command between a position of interaction with the projection 20 and a position of non-interaction.
  • This system electromagnetic can be formed by a fixed coil and a magnet placed on a flexible bar carrying a finger defining the stop, or vice versa.
  • the movable stopper can be formed by a core made of ferromagnetic material which penetrates inside a coil, which moves this core along its central axis when it is supplied (a return spring is for example associated with the core) .
  • the senor 32 is an optical sensor comprising a light source, arranged so as to be able to send a beam of light in the direction of the rim of the balance whose lateral surface 48 is reflective (in particular polished), and a detector light arranged to receive in return a light signal 33 reflected by the side surface.
  • the optical sensor is provided here to detect the passage of the mechanical resonator through its neutral position and also to detect the direction of the oscillation movement so as to determine in which alternation of the oscillation, among the two alternations defining each oscillation period , this detection takes place. For this purpose, provision is made to vary the intensity of the detected optical signal S L as a function of the angular position of the mechanical resonator.
  • the side surface 48 comprises a marking 50 (shown in Figure 2 on the rim for the purpose of explaining the detection) consisting of two absorbent zones of different widths.
  • the zero crossing is defined by the interior line (relative to the pattern formed by the two absorbent zones) of the zone of greatest width. It will be understood that the different widths of the two absorbent zones easily make it possible to determine the direction of rotation of the balance 8.
  • the signal S N can indicate for each detection of the marking the direction of oscillation to the logic circuit 42 or indicate to it only when a predefined alternation per period of oscillation is in progress, given that the interaction between the actuator and the balance is provided here only between the passage of the balance through the neutral position in a predefined alternation, selected from the first alternation and the second alternation of a period of oscillation, and the passage of this balance through the neutral position of the 'alternation which succeeds it, as will be clearly understood in the remainder of the description of the invention. It will therefore be noted that, in a variant, the flip-flop 38 can be omitted because the detection circuit can easily transmit a single pulse per period of oscillation via the signal S P.
  • either a capacitive sensor or an inductive sensor is provided, arranged so as to be able to detect a variation in capacitance, respectively inductance, as a function of the angular position of the mechanical resonator.
  • an energy source associated with a device for storing the electrical energy generated by the energy source.
  • the energy source is for example formed by a photovoltaic cell or by a thermoelectric element, these examples being in no way limiting. In the case of a battery, the energy source and the storage device together form one and the same electrical component.
  • the regulation device comprises a measuring device 34 arranged to be able to measure, on the basis of a detection signal S L supplied by the sensor 32, a time drift of the mechanical oscillator relative to the auxiliary oscillator 26.
  • the measuring device is formed of the detection circuit 36 already described, of a flip-flop 38 and of a bidirectional counter C2 which receives at one of its two inputs the signal S P , which supplies one pulse per period of oscillation. detected using the sensor, and at the other of its inputs a clock signal S hor generated by the auxiliary oscillator 26, the clock circuit 40 of which supplies a reference signal to a divider having two stages DIV1 and DIV2.
  • the first stage of the divider supplies a frequency signal to a time counter C1 and to a timer 44.
  • the state of the counter C2 thus gives the time drift of the mechanism 12 in absolute value since the activation of the regulation device.
  • the state of the counter C2 is supplied to the logic control circuit 42 which is arranged to be able to determine whether the time drift corresponds to at least a certain advance or at least a certain delay, by a comparison with reference values N1 and N2. , as shown in Figure 6 .
  • the regulation circuit 24 and the actuator 28 are designed to be able to stop during at least one given half-wave, when the mechanical resonator oscillates with an amplitude included in a useful operating range, the oscillation movement of the mechanical resonator in the direction of this given half-wave and selectively either during a first half-cycle of a given half-wave, occurring before the passage of the mechanical resonator through its neutral position in this given half-wave, when the measured time drift corresponds to at least a certain advance; or during a second half-cycle of at least one given half-cycle, occurring after the mechanical resonator has passed through its neutral position in each given half-cycle, when the measured time drift corresponds to at least a certain delay.
  • the oscillation movement is stopped so as to prematurely end each second half-cycle, relative to the nominal duration of a natural half-cycle, and to start the next half-cycle at an intervening time. before this nominal duration has been reached since the last passage of the mechanical resonator through its neutral position.
  • the stop member 30 of the actuator 28 defines a movable stop for a projecting part 20 of the mechanical resonator. It will be noted that, preferably, the pendulum is designed so as to be balanced.
  • the stop member is arranged to be movable between a non-interaction position, where it is outside a space swept by the projecting part when the mechanical resonator oscillates with an amplitude in the useful operating range, and an interaction position where it is located partially in this space swept by the projecting part so as to be able to stop the balance 8 in the direction of its oscillation movement when the projecting part 20 abuts against the stop member.
  • the stop member 30 (which is movable along a substantially radial displacement axis) is positioned angularly, relative to the axis of oscillation of the balance, so that it presents, when it is in its position of 'interaction, a non-zero angular offset ⁇ B with the projecting part 20 of the balance when the mechanical resonator is in its neutral position, which corresponds to the Figure 2 to a positioning of the protrusion 20 at an angular position '0'.
  • This angular position is detected by the sensor 32 via the marking 50, which appears opposite this sensor when the protruding part is positioned at the zero angle.
  • the angular offset ⁇ B is expected to be less than the minimum amplitude of the useful operating range of the mechanical oscillator so as to allow correction of a time drift in all of this useful operating range.
  • the value of the angular offset is between 60 ° and 150 °, preferably between 90 ° and 120 °.
  • the angular position ⁇ of the balance 8 as a function of time is shown.
  • the logic circuit 42 reinitializes the time counter C1 and detects whether the bidirectional counter C2 has at least a certain advance, that is to say C2> N1, or at least a certain delay, namely C2 ⁇ - N2; N1 and N2 being natural numbers greater than zero.
  • Each period of natural oscillation T0 of the mechanical oscillator comprises a first natural half-wave A1, of nominal duration T0 / 2 (oscillation movement in a first direction between two extreme angular positions of the mechanical resonator), and a second natural half-wave A2 (oscillation movement in the opposite direction to the first direction between the two extreme angular positions) of the same nominal duration T0 / 2.
  • the first natural half-wave A1 consists of a first half-wave D1 1 , of nominal duration T0 / 4 and occurring before the passage of the mechanical resonator through its neutral position (angular position '0'), and of a second half-wave.
  • the second natural half-wave A2 consists of a first half-wave D1 2 , of nominal duration T0 / 4 and occurring before the passage of the mechanical resonator through its neutral position, and of a second half-wave D2 2 of same nominal duration T0 / 4 and occurring after the mechanical resonator has passed through its neutral position.
  • the regulation device performs a correction following the detection of a certain delay.
  • the stop device is actuated directly after detection of the passage of the balance through the neutral position (signal Sc), for a period of T0 / 4 corresponding to that of a half-wave, to stop the mechanical resonator during the second half-wave D2 2 * of the second half-wave A2 *, that is to say after passing through the neutral position and before reaching the extreme angular position of the natural oscillation (undisturbed oscillation).
  • this logic circuit 42 After the logic control circuit 42 has received from the detection circuit 36, via the signal S N , the information that a second half-wave of a half-wave in the counterclockwise direction begins, this logic circuit 42 generates a signal S D for triggering a timer 44 which is arranged so as to supply, following reception of the trigger signal, a control signal Sc to the electric circuit 29 of the actuator 28 to activate the latter for an interval of time T R equal to T0 / 4 in the variant described here.
  • the stop member 30 is actuated and placed in its interaction position during the time interval T R.
  • the regulating device performs a correction following the detection of a certain advance.
  • the stop device is actuated after a time delay of T0 / 4 following detection of the passage of the balance through the neutral position, for a period T0 / 4 corresponding to that of a half-wave, to thus stop the mechanical resonator during the first half-wave D1 1 * of the first half-wave A1 *, that is to say between the extreme angular position of the natural oscillation ending the previous natural half-wave A2 and the passage through the neutral position of the mechanical resonator during the first half-wave A1 *.
  • this logic circuit 42 resets time counter C1 and waits for the latter to measure a time interval equal to T0 / 4. Then, it generates a signal S D to trigger the timer 44 which then supplies a control signal Sc to the electric circuit 29 of the actuator 28 to activate the latter during a time interval T R equal to T0 / 4 in the variant described. here.
  • this time interval can be provided much longer in order to effect a greater correction.
  • the duration of this time interval can be varied as a function of different values detected for the advance of the mechanical oscillator.
  • the stop member 30 is actuated substantially at the start of the alternation A1 * and placed in its interaction position during l time interval T R.
  • the result of this action is that the projecting part 20 of the balance comes into abutment against the stop member during the first half-cycle in question when the projecting part of the balance reaches the angular position ⁇ B while moving towards the position neutral. This event stops the balance and the stop member momentarily blocks the mechanical resonator so that the first half-wave D1 1 * is momentarily interrupted before it is continued.
  • a negative phase shift DN is thus obtained, as shown by the graph of the Figure 4B , and the duration of the alternation A1 * is equal to T4, this value being greater than the nominal value T0 / 2.
  • This negative phase shift makes it possible to compensate for a certain advance. This corrective action can be carried out successively in several oscillation periods according to the detected advance.
  • the stop member when the stop member ends a second half-wave to correct a delay, it substantially absorbs the kinetic energy of the sprung balance, so that the next first half-wave D1 1 F is started with a speed substantially zero and has substantially a nominal duration T0 / 4.
  • the alternation A1 F has substantially a nominal duration T0 / 2 and a lesser amplitude, which depends on the angular offset ⁇ B.
  • the interrupted alternation is continued following the withdrawal of the stop member by a recovery alternation having a lesser amplitude and substantially a nominal duration T0 / 2.
  • the amplitude of this alternation of recovery is substantially equal to that of the alternation A1 F.
  • stopping may have a very short duration even if no specific member comes to block the balance.
  • stopping zero speed
  • the projecting part of the balance can be arranged differently in other variant embodiments.
  • the protruding part is arranged axially below the rim, the stop member being movable in a geometric plane situated below that of the balance and crossed by the protruding part.
  • Other variants can be provided by those skilled in the art while remaining within the scope of the present invention.
  • other mechanical resonators can be provided.
  • other electromechanical devices capable of stopping the mechanical resonator during a first half-cycle and a second half-cycle can be arranged in the timepiece.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromechanical Clocks (AREA)
  • Electric Clocks (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Uhr (2), umfassend:
    - einen Mechanismus, der erlaubt, eine Zeitangabe anzuzeigen,
    - einen mechanischen Resonator (6), der imstande ist, eine Oszillationsbewegung gemäß einer gegebenen Oszillationsachse um eine neutrale Position zu haben, die seinem potentiell minimalen mechanischen Energiezustand entspricht,
    - eine Unterhaltsvorrichtung (18) des mechanischen Resonators, die mit diesem mechanischen Resonator einen mechanischen Oszillator bildet, der eingerichtet ist, um den Gang des Mechanismus zu takten, wobei jede Schwingung des mechanischen Resonators zwei aufeinanderfolgende Halbschwingungen (A1, A2) zwischen zwei Extrempositionen auf der Oszillationsachse hat, die die Schwingungsamplitude des mechanischen Resonators ab seiner neutralen Position definieren, wobei jede Halbschwingung eine erste halbe Halbschwingung und eine zweite halbe Halbschwingung aufweist, die jeweils auftreten, bevor und nachdem der mechanische Resonator seine neutrale Position passiert,
    - eine Vorrichtung (22) zum Regulieren der mittleren Frequenz des mechanischen Oszillators, wobei diese Reguliervorrichtung einen Hilfsoszillator (26), eine elektromechanische Vorrichtung (28), die imstande ist, während einer Halbschwingung die Oszillationsbewegung des mechanischen Resonators in Richtung dieser Halbschwingung mindestens momentan zu stoppen, und einen Regulierkreis (24), der eingerichtet ist, um ein Steuersignal erzeugen zu können, das für die elektromechanische Vorrichtung bestimmt ist, um sie zu aktivieren;
    wobei die Reguliervorrichtung einen Sensor (32) umfasst, der eingerichtet ist, um die Passage des mechanischen Resonators mittels mindestens einer bestimmten gegebenen Position auf der Oszillationsachse zu ermitteln, und eine Messvorrichtung (34), die eingerichtet ist, um auf der Basis eines von dem Sensor bereitgestellten Detektionssignals (SP) eine eventuelle zeitliche Abweichung des mechanischen Oszillators in Bezug auf den Hilfsoszillator messen zu können; wobei die Messvorrichtung und der Regulierkreis eingerichtet sind, um bestimmen zu können, ob die zeitliche Abweichung mindestens einem bestimmten Vorgang entspricht; wobei der Regulierkreis und die elektromechanische Vorrichtung eingerichtet sind, um, wenn die gemessene zeitliche Abweichung dem mindestens einen bestimmten Vorgang entspricht, die Oszillationsbewegung des mechanischen Resonators bei der ersten halben Halbschwingung für eine gegebene Halbschwingung in Richtung dieser Halbschwingung momentan stoppen zu können, so dass diese erste halbe Halbschwingung relativ zu einer nominalen Dauer (T0/4), die für jede natürliche halbe Halbschwingung vorgesehen ist, verlängert wird;
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Messvorrichtung und der Regulierkreis eingerichtet sind, um ferner bestimmen zu können, ob die zeitliche Abweichung mindestens einem bestimmten Nachgehen entspricht, und dass der Regulierkreis und die elektromechanische Vorrichtung eingerichtet sind, um ferner, wenn der mechanische Resonator mit einer Amplitude schwingt, die in einem Nutz-Funktionsbereich liegt und die gemessene zeitliche Abweichung dem mindestens einen bestimmten Nachgehen entspricht, die Oszillationsbewegung des mechanischen Resonator während der zweiten halben Halbschwingung für mindestens eine gegebene Halbschwingung derart zu stoppen, dass diese zweite halbe Halbschwingung in Bezug auf die nominale Dauer vorzeitig beendet wird und die folgende Halbschwingung zu einer Zeit beginnt, die eintritt, bevor diese nominale Dauer ab der letzten Passage des mechanischen Resonator durch seine neutrale Position erreicht ist.
  2. Uhr nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elektromechanische Vorrichtung von einem Aktuator gebildet ist, der ein Stopporgan (30) umfasst, das einen beweglichen Anschlag für einen hervorstehenden Teil (20) des mechanischen Resonators definiert, wobei das Stopporgan zwischen einer Nichtinteraktionsposition, in der es sich außerhalb eines Bereichs befindet, der von dem hervorstehenden Teil gescannt wird, wenn der mechanische Resonator mit einer Amplitude im Nutz-Funktionsbereich schwingt, und einer Interaktionsposition, in der es sich teilweise in dem von dem hervorstehenden Teil gescannten Bereich befindet, beweglich eingerichtet ist; und dass das Stopporgan auf Befehl betätigt werden kann, um über den hervorstehenden Teil, der an dem Stopporgan anschlägt, wenn in seiner Interaktionsposition platziert, die Oszillationsbewegung des mechanischen Resonators in Richtung der gegebenen Halbschwingung und selektiv in der ersten halben Halbschwingung oder der zweiten halben Halbschwingung dieser Halbschwingung zu stoppen, je nachdem, ob jeweils mindestens ein bestimmten Vorgang oder mindestens ein bestimmtes Nachgehen ermittelt wurde.
  3. Uhr nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elektromechanische Vorrichtung derart eingerichtet ist, dass, wenn das Stopporgan (30) betätigt ist, um den mechanischen Resonator bei einer ersten halben Halbschwingung zu stoppen, dieses Stopporgan den mechanischen Resonator (6) momentan blockiert, so dass die Oszillationsbewegung bei dieser ersten halben Halbschwingung momentan unterbrochen wird, bevor sie nach dem Rückzug des Stopporgans fortgesetzt wird, und derart, dass, wenn das Stopporgan betätigt ist, um den mechanischen Resonator bei einer zweiten halben Halbschwingung zu stoppen, dieses Stopporgan diese zweite halbe Halbschwingung vorzeitig beendet, ohne den mechanischen Resonator zu blockieren, sondern die Richtung der Oszillationsbewegung des mechanischen Resonators umkehrt, so dass der mechanische Resonator dann direkt nach einem unmittelbaren oder quasi unmittelbaren, von einem Stoß des hervorstehenden Teils gegen das Stopporgan hervorgerufenen Stopp dieses mechanischen Resonators eine folgende Halbschwingung beginnt.
  4. Uhr nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass, wenn das Stopporgan eine zweite halbe Halbschwingung vorzeitig beendet, dieses Stopporgan die kinetische Energie des mechanischen Resonators substantiell absorbiert, so dass die folgende Halbschwingung mit einer Geschwindigkeit von etwa Null beginnt.
  5. Uhr nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Stopporgan und der hervorstehende Teil des mechanischen Resonators derart eingerichtet sind, dass sie zwischen sich, wenn das Stopporgan auf Befehl in seiner Interaktionsposition platziert ist, einen substantiell elastischen Stoß aufweisen, um die Oszillationsbewegung des mechanischen Resonators in Richtung der gegebenen Halbschwingung zu stoppen, wobei der derart hervorgerufene Stopp unmittelbar oder quasi unmittelbar ist und eine Umkehr der Richtung der Oszillationsbewegung mit einer bestimmten kinetischen Energie erfolgt, die dem mechanischen Resonator nach dem unmittelbaren oder quasi unmittelbaren Stopp dieses mechanischen Resonators zurückgegeben wird.
  6. Uhr nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Aktuator ein piezoelektrisches Element oder ein elektromagnetisches System umfasst, das eingerichtet ist, um das Stopporgan (30) auf Befehl zwischen seiner Interaktions- und Nichtinteraktionsposition verlagern zu können.
  7. Uhr nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sensor (32) eingerichtet ist, um mindestens die Passage des mechanischen Resonators durch seine neutrale Position zu ermitteln; und dass der Regulierkreis (24) derart eingerichtet ist, dass, wenn mindestens ein bestimmter Vorgang ermittelt wird, er ein Steuersignal (Sc) an die elektromechanische Vorrichtung direkt nach einer Ermittlung einer Passage des mechanischen Resonators (6) durch seine neutrale Position schickt, damit die elektromechanische Vorrichtung das Stopporgan (30) betätigt, indem sie es für eine Dauer, die etwa gleich der nominalen Dauer (T0/4) einer natürlichen halben Halbschwingung ist, in seine Interaktionsposition platziert.
  8. Uhr nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Regulierkreis (24) einen Zeitzähler (C1) umfasst und derart eingerichtet ist, dass, wenn mindestens ein bestimmter Vorgang ermittelt wird, der Zeitzähler nach einer Ermittlung einer Passage des mechanischen Resonators durch seine neutrale Position reinitialisiert werden kann, um eine Verzögerungsperiode zu messen, bevor das Steuersignal (Sc) an die elektromechanische Vorrichtung geschickt wird, damit diese ihr Stopporgan durch Platzieren in dessen Interaktionsposition für eine vorher festgelegte oder bestimmte Dauer betätigt.
  9. Uhr nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 8, wobei der mechanische Resonator von einer Unruh (8) und einer Spiralfeder (10) gebildet ist, wobei die Unruh den hervorstehenden Teil (20) trägt; dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Stopporgan (30) winklig relativ zur Oszillationsachse (9) der Unruh derart positioniert ist, dass dieses Stopporgan, wenn es sich in seiner Interaktionsposition befindet, eine Winkelabweichung (θB) ungleich Null mit dem hervorstehenden Teil aufweist, wenn sich der mechanische Resonator in seiner neutralen Position befindet, wobei diese Winkelabweichung kleiner als die minimale Amplitude des Nutz-Funktionsbereichs vorgesehen ist.
  10. Uhr nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sensor entweder ein optischer Sensor (32), der eine Lichtquelle umfasst, die derart eingerichtet ist, dass sie einen Lichtstrahl in Richtung des mechanischen Resonators schicken kann, und einen Lichtdetektor, der eingerichtet ist, um auf dem Rückweg ein Lichtsignal zu empfangen, dessen Stärke in Abhängigkeit von der Position des mechanischen Resonators entlang der Oszillationsachse schwankt, oder ein kapazitiver Sensor oder ein induktiver Sensor ist, der derart eingerichtet ist, dass er eine Kapazitäts- bzw. Induktivitätsschwankung in Abhängigkeit von der Position des mechanischen Resonators entlang der Oszillationsachse ermitteln kann.
EP19175180.9A 2018-06-19 2019-05-17 Uhr, die ein mechanisches uhrwerk umfasst, dessen ganggenauigkeit durch eine elektromechanische vorrichtung reguliert wird Active EP3584645B1 (de)

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EP4174586B1 (de) * 2021-10-29 2024-05-29 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Uhreneinheit, die eine armbanduhr und ein uhrzeitkorrektursystem umfasst

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CH715091A2 (fr) 2019-12-30
US20190384228A1 (en) 2019-12-19
CN110618596A (zh) 2019-12-27

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