EP3445892B1 - Procédé de revêtement d'un article avec un système multicouche comprenant un alliage de nickel-phosphore - Google Patents
Procédé de revêtement d'un article avec un système multicouche comprenant un alliage de nickel-phosphore Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3445892B1 EP3445892B1 EP17720678.6A EP17720678A EP3445892B1 EP 3445892 B1 EP3445892 B1 EP 3445892B1 EP 17720678 A EP17720678 A EP 17720678A EP 3445892 B1 EP3445892 B1 EP 3445892B1
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- Prior art keywords
- layer
- nickel
- coating
- layers
- chromium
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims description 49
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910001096 P alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- OFNHPGDEEMZPFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphanylidynenickel Chemical compound [P].[Ni] OFNHPGDEEMZPFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004676 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+) Chemical compound [Cr+6] JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003755 zirconium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920006942 ABS/PC Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000198134 Agave sisalana Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001229 Pot metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CXOWYMLTGOFURZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanylidynechromium Chemical compound [Cr]#N CXOWYMLTGOFURZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001845 chromium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BFGKITSFLPAWGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(3+) Chemical compound [Cr+3] BFGKITSFLPAWGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZVWKZXLXHLZXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium nitride Chemical compound [Zr]#N ZVWKZXLXHLZXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/56—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys
- C25D3/562—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys containing more than 50% by weight of iron or nickel or cobalt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
- C23C28/023—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material only coatings of metal elements only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
- C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
- C23C28/322—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer only coatings of metal elements only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
- C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
- C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
- C23C28/343—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one DLC or an amorphous carbon based layer, the layer being doped or not
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/04—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of chromium
- C25D3/06—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of chromium from solutions of trivalent chromium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/04—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of chromium
- C25D3/08—Deposition of black chromium, e.g. hexavalent chromium, CrVI
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/10—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals
- C25D5/12—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals at least one layer being of nickel or chromium
- C25D5/14—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals at least one layer being of nickel or chromium two or more layers being of nickel or chromium, e.g. duplex or triplex layers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/60—Electroplating characterised by the structure or texture of the layers
- C25D5/605—Surface topography of the layers, e.g. rough, dendritic or nodular layers
- C25D5/611—Smooth layers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/60—Electroplating characterised by the structure or texture of the layers
- C25D5/615—Microstructure of the layers, e.g. mixed structure
- C25D5/617—Crystalline layers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/627—Electroplating characterised by the visual appearance of the layers, e.g. colour, brightness or mat appearance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/12—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of nickel or cobalt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/54—Electroplating of non-metallic surfaces
- C25D5/56—Electroplating of non-metallic surfaces of plastics
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for coating a sanitary object with a multi-layer system.
- Such multi-layer systems are used, for example, as protection against corrosion and/or as decorative coatings.
- items of sanitary facilities are to be manufactured or finished, such as sanitary fittings.
- Multilayer systems based on electrochemically deposited metal layers can form corrosion products depending on the substrates used, layer materials, surrounding media and reaction conditions.
- the corrosion process also depends on geometric conditions (e.g. resulting in crevice corrosion) and mechanical influences (e.g. friction).
- the causes of corrosion can be varied and usually occur in combination.
- Electrochemical potential differences between the layers and base material defects are mentioned here as examples.
- Multilayer systems based on electrochemically deposited copper layers, nickel layers and chromium layers are known from the prior art.
- different nickel layers are usually used as a multi-layer structure (semi-bright nickel, bright nickel, microporous nickel).
- the corrosion protection of the coated component is enhanced by subsequent chrome plating using an electrolyte containing chromium(VI) or chromium(III). Almost without exception, nickel layers are protected from rapid corrosion by a chromium layer.
- Damaged chromium coatings but also those with incompletely closed, too thinly deposited or porous chromium layers, lead after a short time (depending on the external conditions such as use, cleaning and surrounding media) to corrosion products that are visually unattractive and with susceptible base materials can lead to component failure.
- Patent application WO 2015/107256 A1 a well-known chrome coating on a component.
- document DE 10 2008 046673 A1 discloses a sanitary article having a multi-layer coating.
- the object of the invention is therefore to at least partially solve the problems described with reference to the prior art and in particular to specify a method for coating an object, in particular a sanitary object, with which both corrosion-inhibiting and decorative surfaces can be produced.
- a surface of the object is at least partially coated with a coating which has a plurality of layers, at least one layer of the coating consisting of a nickel-phosphorus alloy and a mass fraction of the phosphorus in the nickel - Phosphorus alloy is at least 8%.
- the object is a substrate of any solid material that has a surface, namely a sanitary object, such as a sanitary fitting, which is used in particular in connection with washbasins, sinks, showers and/or bathtubs.
- sanitary fittings are used in particular for removing water and can include actuators for a water temperature and/or a removal quantity of the water and are regularly in the user's field of vision are used so that they should have a decorative surface on the one hand and be effectively protected against corrosion on the other.
- the surface of the article is at least partially or completely coated with a coating having a plurality of layers.
- the coating is a multi-layer system with which, in particular, decorative and/or functional surfaces can be produced. For this purpose, the individual layers are formed sequentially.
- the individual layers differ in particular in their material composition.
- the individual layers preferably each have a layer thickness of 5 ⁇ m (microns) to 100 ⁇ m, preferably 8 ⁇ m to 80 ⁇ m.
- At least one of the plurality of layers of the coating is made of a nickel-phosphorus alloy, with a mass fraction of phosphorus in the nickel-phosphorus alloy being at least 8%.
- the mass fraction of phosphorus in the nickel-phosphorus alloy is preferably 8% to 14%, particularly preferably 10% to 12%.
- At least the nickel-phosphorus alloy layer is electrolytically deposited on the article.
- further layers or all layers of the coating can also be electrolytically deposited on the object.
- the object is in particular at least partially immersed in an electrolytic solution.
- the nickel-phosphorus alloy takes on the function of corrosion protection in the multi-layer system.
- the nickel-phosphorus alloy prevents corrosion of the object to a large extent and thus improves the corrosion properties, in particular of decorative coatings with a functional character. Damage, incompletely closed or porous coatings therefore lead to a significantly reduced corrosion process of the object, so that component failure and/or optical impairments are avoided.
- the object consists of copper, zinc, aluminum, steel, plastic or an alloy that includes copper, zinc or steel.
- Sanitary items carrying water such as single-lever mixers and/or spouts, can be made at least partially of copper alloys (brass, bronze).
- Many attachments in the sanitary industry are made of die-cast zinc (e.g. levers for single-lever mixers, housings and/or spouts).
- Decorative zinc die-cast parts are also used in the automotive industry (e.g. inside door handles, key parts and/or console elements).
- Plastics are decoratively chrome-plated in the sanitary area for caps, push plates, rosettes and/or sleeves.
- these materials are also used in a chrome-plated state, for example for decorative strips, radiator grilles and/or controls here PA (polyamide) or PA/GF (glass fiber reinforced polyamide) decoratively coated with chrome for certain applications (e.g. inside door handles).
- PA polyamide
- PA/GF glass fiber reinforced polyamide
- Galvanically chrome-plated steel parts can also be found in numerous industries, such as the furniture industry (chair frames), the automotive industry (attachments, ashtrays, headrest holders, etc.) Aluminum is used in the sanitary industry, for example in the area of shower stalls and bathroom furniture.
- the first layer of the coating consists of copper.
- the first layer of the coating is the layer that is applied directly to the surface of the base body.
- the copper layer can be used to achieve the optical surface quality that is required for the production of high-quality chrome surfaces. Both metals can be electrolytically deposited to level surface defects (scratches, fine lines, pores) and significantly increase the gloss of the finished surfaces. Furthermore, the corrosion resistance of the base body can be increased and, in the case of plastic base bodies, the adhesion of the finished coating on the base body can be significantly improved by the ductility of copper.
- Another layer of the coating consists of bright nickel, semi-bright nickel or matt nickel.
- the further layer is in particular applied directly to the first layer.
- Bright nickel layers are the most important of all nickel layers.
- the decorative application is in the foreground.
- Bright nickel baths contain various brighteners. These cause a fine crystalline structure and thus a brilliant, high-gloss layer.
- Chromium deposited on this layer gives a high gloss finish which is well known and most common.
- Semi-bright nickel layers are not deposited because of their low degree of gloss, but to meet special corrosion requirements. Semi-bright nickel layers should always be considered together with the bright nickel layer. They are usually deposited before the bright nickel layer and improve the corrosion properties of the composite due to their electrochemical potential.
- Matt nickel layers are nickel layers which, due to their composition, have largely anti-glare properties. Certain substances are usually added to the electrolyte, which influence the nickel deposition. Since the purpose of these layers is to achieve a specific appearance, these layers are usually deposited just prior to chrome plating (often as a replacement for bright nickel layers). With these methods, the color and the matt impression can be controlled to a certain extent by the process parameters.
- a third layer of the coating consists of the nickel-phosphorus alloy.
- the third layer is applied directly to the second layer.
- a fourth layer of the coating is a chromium layer.
- the fourth layer is applied directly to the third layer.
- the chromium layer is deposited from hexavalent or trivalent chromium electrolyte.
- a chromium layer made from a hexavalent chromium electrolyte is particularly corrosion-resistant and provides very good optical surface qualities.
- a chromium layer made of a trivalent chromium electrolyte is particularly suitable and preferred from the point of view of occupational safety and for environmental reasons.
- a fifth layer of the coating comprises at least one zirconium compound, one chromium compound or one titanium compound. Mixtures of these compounds are also possible in the fifth layer.
- the fifth layer is applied directly to the fourth layer.
- the purpose of this coating is to create a specific color. For example, red tones, gold tones or a stainless steel look can be realized on electroplated chrome layers with this. The composition of these layers determines the color achieved.
- These layers mostly consist of zirconium nitride (ZrN), titanium nitride (TiN) and/or chromium nitride (CrN) in different proportions.
- the fifth layer is produced by physical vapor deposition (PVD method).
- the fifth layer is preferably produced from an amorphous carbon layer.
- At least the nickel-phosphorus alloy is applied electrolytically. Compared to, for example, autocatalytic application, this method can be carried out much more quickly and is therefore more suitable for large-scale industrial production.
- other layers such as the chromium layer, can also be applied electrolytically.
- Another very special advantage of the invention is achieved when the chromium layer is applied directly to the nickel-phosphorus alloy. This particularly improves the corrosion resistance of the chrome layer. If, in addition, a chromium layer from a trivalent chromium electrolyte is applied electrolytically to the nickel-phosphorus alloy, particularly good corrosion resistance can be achieved with this electrolyte, which is significantly better than previously known coatings of trivalent chromium.
- a brush structure is introduced into the coating.
- a brush structure is usually applied in conjunction with the PVD coating already mentioned. Resulting finishes are for example "brushed stainless steel” or "brushed nickel". Brushing is performed by pressing objects against rotating disks. These discs can be, for example, polishing rings with the appropriate polishing pastes, fiber brushes or sisal brushes. This step is carried out before the PVD coating or even before the chrome plating.
- the 1 shows a coated object 1 in a longitudinal section, which has a base body 2 with a surface 3 .
- the surface 3 is coated with a coating 4 which has a first layer 5 , a second layer 6 , a third layer 7 , a fourth layer 8 and a fifth layer 9 .
- the base body 2 is steel
- the first layer 5 is copper
- the second layer 6 is matt nickel
- the third layer 7 is a nickel-phosphorus alloy
- the fourth layer 8 is one chrome layer.
- the fifth layer 9 includes a zirconium compound.
- a coated object 1 with a coating according to the prior art is shown.
- the coating 4 is applied using an autocatalytic coating process.
- the autocatalytic coating process is very slow and therefore time-consuming.
- the autocatalytic coating process results in constant layer thicknesses over the entire contours. This layer thickness is in the 2 represented by the bold line.
- the electrolytic coating method is also advantageous in that not the entire component or the entire object 1 to be coated is coated. Rather, it is possible to selectively coat areas of the object 1 to be coated, as a result of which unwanted coatings of water-bearing sections can be avoided entirely or at least to the greatest possible extent. This is not possible in this form with an autocatalytic coating without taking otherwise necessary and extremely complex covering or sealing measures on the object 1 to be coated.
- the present invention is characterized in particular by a high level of protection against corrosion in decorative multi-layer systems.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
Claims (5)
- Procédé consistant à revêtir un article sanitaire (1), lors duquel l'on revêt au moins partiellement une surface (3) de l'article (1) d'un revêtement (4) qui comporte une multiplicité de couches (5, 6, 7, 8), lors duquel l'on constitue de manière séquentielle les couches individuelles (5, 6, 7, 8), une première couche (5) du revêtement (4) étant constituée de cuivre, une deuxième couche (6) du revêtement (4) étant constituée de nickel brillant, de nickel semi-brillant ou de nickel mat, une troisième couche (7) du revêtement (4) étant constituée d'un alliage nickel/phosphore et une quatrième couche (8) du revêtement (4) étant constituée d'une couche de chrome, un pourcentage massique du phosphore dans l'alliage nickel/phosphore s'élevant à au moins 8 % et au moins l'alliage nickel/phosphore étant appliqué par voie électrolytique.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1 du brevet, l'article sanitaire (1) étant constitué de cuivre, de zinc, d'aluminium, de fer, d'une matière plastique ou d'un alliage qui comprend du cuivre, du zinc ou de l'acier.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, lors duquel l'on dépose la couche de chrome à partir d'un électrolyte de chrome hexavalent ou trivalent.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, lors duquel l'on applique la couche de chrome directement sur l'alliage nickel / phosphore.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, lors duquel l'on créé une cinquième couche (9) en une couche de carbone amorphe (DLC).
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP23160921.5A EP4212647A1 (fr) | 2016-04-22 | 2017-04-19 | Procédé de revêtement d'un objet par un système multicouche d'un alliage nickel-phosphore |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102016004913.8A DE102016004913A1 (de) | 2016-04-22 | 2016-04-22 | Verfahren zur Beschichtung eines Gegenstands mittels eines Mehrschichtsystems mit einer Nickel-Phosphor-Legierung |
PCT/EP2017/000498 WO2017182123A1 (fr) | 2016-04-22 | 2017-04-19 | Procédé de revêtement d'un objet par un système multicouche d'un alliage nickel-phosphore |
Related Child Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP23160921.5A Division-Into EP4212647A1 (fr) | 2016-04-22 | 2017-04-19 | Procédé de revêtement d'un objet par un système multicouche d'un alliage nickel-phosphore |
EP23160921.5A Division EP4212647A1 (fr) | 2016-04-22 | 2017-04-19 | Procédé de revêtement d'un objet par un système multicouche d'un alliage nickel-phosphore |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3445892A1 EP3445892A1 (fr) | 2019-02-27 |
EP3445892B1 true EP3445892B1 (fr) | 2023-05-31 |
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EP17720678.6A Active EP3445892B1 (fr) | 2016-04-22 | 2017-04-19 | Procédé de revêtement d'un article avec un système multicouche comprenant un alliage de nickel-phosphore |
EP23160921.5A Pending EP4212647A1 (fr) | 2016-04-22 | 2017-04-19 | Procédé de revêtement d'un objet par un système multicouche d'un alliage nickel-phosphore |
Family Applications After (1)
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EP23160921.5A Pending EP4212647A1 (fr) | 2016-04-22 | 2017-04-19 | Procédé de revêtement d'un objet par un système multicouche d'un alliage nickel-phosphore |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10837117B2 (fr) |
EP (2) | EP3445892B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN109072448A (fr) |
DE (2) | DE102016004913A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2017182123A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (7)
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JP6872176B2 (ja) * | 2018-12-28 | 2021-05-19 | 株式会社タンガロイ | 摩擦材 |
DE102020106254A1 (de) | 2020-03-09 | 2021-09-09 | Grohe Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines beschichteten Bauteils für eine Wasserarmatur |
DE102020106256A1 (de) * | 2020-03-09 | 2021-09-09 | Grohe Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines beschichteten Bauteils |
DE102021105192A1 (de) | 2021-03-04 | 2022-09-08 | Grohe Ag | Verfahren zur Beschichtung einer Sanitärkomponente |
DE102021106078A1 (de) * | 2021-03-12 | 2022-09-15 | Grohe Ag | Sanitärkomponente mit einer Beschichtung und Verfahren zum Beschichten einer Sanitärkomponente |
CN113235141B (zh) * | 2021-04-29 | 2022-03-18 | 淮阴工学院 | 一种铁基材滚镀镍镀金工艺 |
DE102022129788A1 (de) | 2022-11-10 | 2024-05-16 | Dornbracht AG & Co. KG. | Sanitärgegenstand, insbesondere Sanitärarmatur oder -garnitur |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPH10251870A (ja) | 1998-03-09 | 1998-09-22 | Marui Kogyo Kk | クロムめっき製品 |
DE102008046673A1 (de) * | 2008-09-10 | 2010-03-11 | Grohe Ag | Verbundkörper |
WO2015107256A1 (fr) | 2014-01-15 | 2015-07-23 | Savroc Ltd | Procédé pour la production d'un revêtement au chrome et objet revêtu |
US20150361571A1 (en) | 2013-01-15 | 2015-12-17 | Savroc Ltd | Method for producing a chromium coating on a metal substrate |
Family Cites Families (6)
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DE4430430C1 (de) * | 1994-08-29 | 1995-12-21 | Huettl & Vester Gmbh | Verfahren zum Herstellen von gravierten Walzen oder Platten |
US6824889B2 (en) * | 2002-07-03 | 2004-11-30 | Solvay Engineered Polymers, Inc. | Platable engineered polyolefin alloys and articles containing same |
CN1303250C (zh) * | 2004-08-05 | 2007-03-07 | 广州杰赛科技股份有限公司 | 镁合金无氰镀铜化学镀镍与电镀工艺 |
WO2015107255A1 (fr) * | 2014-01-15 | 2015-07-23 | Savroc Ltd | Procédé pour la production de revêtement multicouche contenant du chrome et objet revêtu |
CN104962884A (zh) * | 2015-05-27 | 2015-10-07 | 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 | 金属镀件及其制备方法 |
ES2729408T3 (es) * | 2015-09-25 | 2019-11-04 | Macdermid Enthone Gmbh | Sistema de protección multicorrosión para piezas decorativas que presentan un acabado de cromo |
-
2016
- 2016-04-22 DE DE102016004913.8A patent/DE102016004913A1/de active Pending
-
2017
- 2017-04-19 EP EP17720678.6A patent/EP3445892B1/fr active Active
- 2017-04-19 DE DE202017007674.8U patent/DE202017007674U1/de active Active
- 2017-04-19 EP EP23160921.5A patent/EP4212647A1/fr active Pending
- 2017-04-19 WO PCT/EP2017/000498 patent/WO2017182123A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2017-04-19 CN CN201780012036.3A patent/CN109072448A/zh active Pending
-
2018
- 2018-10-22 US US16/166,676 patent/US10837117B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH10251870A (ja) | 1998-03-09 | 1998-09-22 | Marui Kogyo Kk | クロムめっき製品 |
DE102008046673A1 (de) * | 2008-09-10 | 2010-03-11 | Grohe Ag | Verbundkörper |
US20150361571A1 (en) | 2013-01-15 | 2015-12-17 | Savroc Ltd | Method for producing a chromium coating on a metal substrate |
WO2015107256A1 (fr) | 2014-01-15 | 2015-07-23 | Savroc Ltd | Procédé pour la production d'un revêtement au chrome et objet revêtu |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN109072448A (zh) | 2018-12-21 |
DE202017007674U1 (de) | 2024-02-09 |
US10837117B2 (en) | 2020-11-17 |
US20190055664A1 (en) | 2019-02-21 |
WO2017182123A1 (fr) | 2017-10-26 |
EP4212647A1 (fr) | 2023-07-19 |
DE102016004913A1 (de) | 2017-10-26 |
EP3445892A1 (fr) | 2019-02-27 |
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