EP3441157B1 - Procédé et dispositif pour la coulée continue d'un produit métallique - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour la coulée continue d'un produit métallique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3441157B1
EP3441157B1 EP18183113.2A EP18183113A EP3441157B1 EP 3441157 B1 EP3441157 B1 EP 3441157B1 EP 18183113 A EP18183113 A EP 18183113A EP 3441157 B1 EP3441157 B1 EP 3441157B1
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Prior art keywords
strand
strip
cooling section
wef
cooling
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Active
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EP18183113.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3441157A1 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Heimann
Uwe Plociennik
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SMS Group GmbH
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SMS Group GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
    • B22D11/041—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds for vertical casting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
    • B22D11/124—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/14—Plants for continuous casting
    • B22D11/141—Plants for continuous casting for vertical casting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
    • B22D11/22—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for cooling cast stock or mould
    • B22D11/225—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for cooling cast stock or mould for secondary cooling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for continuously casting a metallic product according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the liquid metal is continuously cast in a mold, where a first strand shell is formed.
  • the strand emerges from the mold downwards, the strand then being transported along a strand guide and converted into a bending radius in a so-called bending area in order to achieve a deflection of the strand in the horizontal direction.
  • the curvature of the strand begins in the mold, with the bending area then being omitted.
  • the strand guide also includes a so-called straightening area in which the strand is then completely deflected in the horizontal direction. In this straightening area, stretching occurs on an upper side (loose side) of the strand, which can lead to cracks or surface cracks.
  • Fig. 7 illustrates, which shows a simplified side view of a continuous caster. The position of an increased risk of cracking is marked here by way of example.
  • the object of the invention is to achieve a uniform sump tip over the width of the strand when continuously casting a metallic product without the edge temperature falling below the critical temperature determined by the ductility curve.
  • Such a cooling strategy ensures that an essentially uniform sump length is formed, which has a positive effect, for example, when performing a soft reduction.
  • the method according to the invention can be carried out with a continuous caster which is used to manufacture a metallic product.
  • This continuous caster which does not belong to the present invention, comprises a mold and a strand guide adjoining the mold, along which a strand emerging from the mold, in particular vertically downwards, can be transported in a conveying direction.
  • the strand guide has a straightening area through which the strand can be deflected in the horizontal direction.
  • the strand guide has a reduced cooling section provided at least in the conveying direction in front of the straightening area, in which the edge areas of the strand are cooled less than in comparison to a horizontal area of the strand guide which lies in the conveying direction after the straightening area.
  • the reduced cooling section can preferably also be provided within the straightening area.
  • the strand guide Immediately after the strand emerges from the mold, the strand guide has an intensive cooling section located upstream of the reduced cooling section in the conveying direction, in which the edge regions of the strand can be cooled at least as much as a central region of the strand.
  • the invention is based on the essential knowledge that in the intensive cooling section, the edge areas of the strand are cooled at least as much as its central area, so that this type of cooling is completely on the liquid strand core, and thus on the formation of a desired uniform or uniform swamp tip of the strand affects its width.
  • the cooling strategy explained above is carried out in any case with compliance with the condition that the temperature does not fall below the minimum temperature determined by the ductility profile along the entire length of the strand guide, and thus also within or along the intensive cooling section.
  • the intensive cooling section in which the edge regions of the strand are cooled at least as much as the central region of the strand, can be provided within a first third of the length of the continuous caster, calculated from the mold exit of the strand.
  • the cooling of the edge areas of the strand is then reduced or decreased in the reduced cooling section. This ensures that the temperature of the strand does not fall below the critical temperature determined by the ductility profile, even in its edge areas or zones close to the edge. This applies in particular to the areas of the strand in which additional stresses occur, e.g. in the bending area and / or in the straightening area.
  • the formation of possible surface cracks in the strand is also avoided in the reduced cooling section of the strand guide.
  • the edge regions of the strand are cooled more intensely than the central region of the strand within the intensive cooling section of the strand guide.
  • This can expediently be achieved in that the specific water quantities in the boundary control loops are higher than the water quantities with which the central area of the strand is applied.
  • This leads to the advantage that, in the area of the intensive cooling section of the strand guide, a difference in length in the sump tip of the strand is further reduced over its width in order to achieve a (preferably) uniform sump tip.
  • the cooling in the edge areas of the strand can be increased.
  • a calculation of the swamp length over the strand width is carried out. If it is determined on the basis of this calculation that the calculated sump tip difference is too high compared to a predetermined maximum sump tip difference, which represents a permitted upper limit value, then the cooling in the edge areas of the strand is increased according to one of the two variants mentioned. Otherwise, namely in the event that the determined sump tip difference should not be too high, the cooling in the intensive cooling section is not further intensified.
  • the intensive cooling section comprises at least one cooling zone with additional cooling nozzles which are assigned to an edge region of the strand and can be switched on to intensify the cooling of the edge regions of the strand.
  • a continuous caster 10 is shown in a basically simplified manner in a side view.
  • the continuous casting plant 10 is used to produce a metallic product 11, and for this purpose comprises a mold 12 and an adjoining strand guide 14, along which a strand S of the metallic product 11, which preferably emerges downward from the mold 12, is transported in a conveying direction F.
  • a plurality of support rollers 2 are arranged, with spray water 4 being applied or sprayed onto the strand S for the purpose of cooling the bar S.
  • the strand S is marked with the reference line "5", the strand still has a liquid sump.
  • the sump tip of the strand S is indicated with the reference number "6".
  • the strand S is completely solidified, for example at the in Fig 1 position marked with reference line "11d”.
  • a water cooling system is also provided along the strand guide 14, which is identified by the reference line “8”.
  • the strand guide 14 of the continuous caster 10 comprises a straightening area I through which the strand S is completely deflected in the horizontal direction. Furthermore, the strand guide 14 comprises a bending region II, through which the strand S, after it has emerged from the mold 12, is deflected in the direction of the horizontal.
  • the straightening area I and the bending area II are shown in Fig. 1 each symbolized in a simplified manner by dashed rectangles.
  • the conveying direction in which the strand S is transported along the strand guide 14 of the continuous caster 10 is shown in FIG Fig. 1 labeled "F".
  • the strand guide 14 comprises a reduced cooling section 16 which - as seen in the conveying direction F of the strand S - lies upstream or in front of a horizontal region 18 of the strand guide 14.
  • the undercooling section 16 can be designed in such a way that it at least partially or completely covers the directional area I.
  • the undercooling section 16 of the strand guide 14 is characterized in that the cooling zones provided therein are designed in such a way that the edge regions of the strand S are cooled to a lesser extent than in comparison to the horizontal region 18 of the strand guide 14.
  • the strand guide 14 has an intensive cooling section 20 which begins immediately after the strand S has emerged from the mold 12 and - as in FIG Fig. 1 illustrates - is seen in the conveying direction F in front of the lower cooling section 16.
  • the intensive cooling section 20 is designed with at least one cooling zone provided therein in such a way that the edge regions of the strand S are cooled at least as much as a central region of the strand S.
  • FIG. 10 shows the continuous caster 10 of FIG Fig. 1 again in a simplified side view.
  • the length of the intensive cooling section 20 is designated by “L 20 ”, this length being approximately one third of the length L 10 of the continuous casting installation 10.
  • the intensive cooling section 20 is provided within a first third of the length L 10 of the continuous casting installation 10, starting from the exit of the strand S from the mold 12.
  • a length of the undercooling section 16 is shown in FIG Fig. 2 labeled "L 16 ".
  • the Fig. 2 illustrates that the intensive cooling section 20 - viewed in the conveying direction F of the strand S - is provided in front of the reduced cooling section 16 or upstream thereof, the intensive cooling section 20 beginning immediately after the mold exit or an area near the mold level.
  • the method according to the invention ensures that the length difference in the sump tip compared to the prior art is advantageously reduced.
  • This is in the representation of Fig. 3 illustrated with the curve "A", which shows a course of the sump tip 6 over the strand width.
  • the difference in length d sump which is a measure of the unevenness of the sump tip, is only about 150 mm, for example.
  • the difference in length d sump realized by means of the method according to the invention is significantly smaller than according to the prior art, which, as described above, based on FIG Fig. 9 explained can be 1.5 m.
  • Fig. 3 It can also be seen that the temperature profile after the intensive cooling section (B) is not constant over the strand width. The temperature is lower in the edge area than in the middle of the strand. Due to the reduced cooling of the edge area in the subsequent so-called reduced cooling section, the temperature difference is largely equalized and the temperature profile after the reduced cooling section (C) over the strand width is essentially constant.
  • a reheating factor WEF [° C / (mm * sec)].
  • a reheating factor WEF is determined by the quotient of the difference between a temperature T 1 at a first measuring point P 1 and a temperature T 2 at a second measuring point P 2 , to the mean thickness of the strand shell between the measuring points P 1 and P 2 , and to Transport time of the strand S between the measuring points P 1 and P 2 . Accordingly, the unit for the rewarming factor WEF is determined as [° C / (mm * sec)].
  • the first measuring point P 1 is arranged in a cooling zone within the intensive cooling section 20, the second measuring point P 2 being arranged in a cooling zone within the reduced cooling section 16.
  • the first measuring point P 1 is located at the end of the last cooling zone of the intensive cooling section 20 (with increased edge cooling), the second measuring point P 2 being located at the end of the first cooling zone of the reduced cooling section 16 (with reduced edge cooling).
  • the temperatures T 1 and T 2 are the mean strand shell temperatures at the measuring points P 1 and P 2 .
  • a mathematical-physical calculation model is used to calculate the strand temperatures T 1 , T 2, the sump tip positions and the strand shell thicknesses.
  • FIG Fig. 1 A position of the first and second measuring points along the strand guide 14 is shown in FIG Fig. 1 Simplified with the designations "P 1 " and "P 2 " indicated.
  • the flowchart of Fig. 4 illustrates an optimization of the amount of coolant, preferably in the form of spray water, with which the strand S is cooled in its edge regions.
  • the calculated edge temperature should be greater than the minimum permissible edge temperature T KanteZiel
  • the strand shell temperatures T 1 and T 2 at the measuring points P 1 and P 2 are calculated using the mathematical-physical calculation model the transport time of the strand S between the measuring points P 1 and P 2 is also determined. Taking into account the values thus calculated or determined, the current reheating factor WEF is then currently determined using the above equation.
  • the value of the current reheating factor WEF is currently compared with a maximum permissible reheating factor WEF max . If WEF should currently be greater than WEF max , this is an indication that the temperature rise between the intensive cooling section 20 and the reduced cooling section 16 is already too great, so that the cooling in the intensive cooling section 20 or that in this section is not increased the amount of coolant used is not increased. If, however, the condition WEF currently ⁇ WEF max should be met, the next step is to calculate the swamp length over the strand width using a mathematical-physical calculation model.
  • the cooling can be carried out as a result are suitably increased in the intensive cooling section 20, namely by increasing the associated amount of coolant in at least one cooling zone of the intensive cooling section 20, preferably in all cooling zones of the intensive cooling section 20.
  • the cooling capacity in the intensive cooling section 20 remains unchanged if the calculated sump tip difference for the strand S is not represents too high.
  • the flow chart according to Fig. 4 illustrates that the sequence of steps explained above is designed in the form of a control loop.
  • a control circuit preferably records all cooling nozzles of the cooling zones which are arranged within the intensive cooling section 20 in the edge regions of the strand S.
  • the flowchart of Fig. 5 illustrates a scheme for optimizing the nozzle arrangement or the use of cooling nozzles in the edge areas of the strand S.
  • an operating mode of the continuous casting plant 10 is used in which the edge regions or the edges of the strand S are not overmolded.
  • the edge temperature of the strand S within the intensive cooling section 20 is calculated, followed by a query as to whether the calculated edge temperature is greater than a minimum permissible edge temperature T KanteZiel before the straightening area I or within the straightening area I. From this step the flow chart corresponds to Fig. 5 essentially the logic of the flowchart of Fig. 4 so that reference may be made to it in order to avoid it.
  • the flowchart of Fig. 5 differs from the flowchart according to Fig. 4 solely because, if the calculated sump tip difference should be classified as too high, then additional cooling nozzles are switched on in the edge regions of the strand S in at least one cooling zone of the intensive cooling section 20. In this way, the cooling in the edge regions of the strand S is suitably increased.
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematically simplified plan view of cooling zones within the intensive cooling section 20 and the reduced cooling section 16.
  • the additional cooling nozzles which are produced according to the flow chart of FIG Fig. 5 can be switched on to increase the cooling of the edge areas of the strand S are in Fig. 6 labeled "22".
  • the edge regions of the strand S, in which these connectable cooling nozzles 22 are arranged, are shown in FIG Fig. 6 denoted by "R", with a central region of the strand S denoted by "M”.
  • the flowcharts of Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 and the determination of the current reheating factor WEF current carried out here relate, for example, to the first and second measuring points P 1 , P 2 , which are shown in FIG Fig. 6 are also indicated symbolically by arrows. This means that these measuring points are provided in individual cooling zones of the intensive cooling gate 20 or the reduced cooling section 16. Taking this into account, the determination of the current rewarming factor WEF currently enables an assessment of the temperature rise between the intensive cooling section 20 and the reduced cooling section 16. In this context, it is finally pointed out that the measuring points P 1 and P 2 are also at points other than those shown in FIG Fig. 1 and Fig. 6 indicated can be provided. Furthermore, a plurality of first measuring points P 1 or of second measuring points P 2 are also possible, each of which are provided within the intensive cooling section 20 or within the reduced cooling section 16.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Procédé destiné à la coulée continue d'un produit métallique (11), dans lequel, dans une installation de coulée continue (10), une barre (S) du produit métallique (11) quitte en continu une lingotière (12) en particulier en direction perpendiculaire vers le bas et est ensuite transportée le long d'un guidage de barre (14) dans une direction de transport (F) ; dans lequel la barre (S) est soumise à une déviation dans une zone de dressage (I) dans la direction horizontale ; dans lequel les zones marginales (R) de la barre (S), au sein d'un tronçon de refroidissement réduit (16) du guidage de barre (14), qui est prévu au moins dans la direction de transport (F) avant la zone de dressage (I) et de préférence également au sein de la zone de dressage (I), sont soumises à un refroidissement réduit par rapport à celui d'une zone horizontale (18) du guidage de barre (14) dans la direction de transport (F) après la zone de dressage (I) ; dans lequel les zones marginales (R) de la barre (S), dans un tronçon de refroidissement intense (20) du guidage de barre (14), qui commence directement après la sortie de la barre (S) de la lingotière (12) et qui est situé dans la direction de transport (F) avant le tronçon de refroidissement réduit (16), sont soumises à un refroidissement au moins aussi fort que dans une zone médiane (M) de la barre (S), caractérisé en ce que, par l'intermédiaire de l'utilisation d'un premier point de mesure (P1) qui se situe au sein du tronçon de refroidissement intense (20) et d'un deuxième point de mesure (P2) qui se situe au sein du tronçon de refroidissement réduit, on met en oeuvre les étapes suivantes dans lesquelles :
    (i) on détermine un facteur de réchauffage en vigueur (WEFaktuell) en utilisant l'équation suivante : WEF = T 1 − T 2 / mD ∗ t
    Figure imgb0006
     dans laquelle :
    T1 représente la température qui a été calculée au premier point de mesure P1 ;
    T2 représente la température qui a été calculée au deuxième point de mesure P2 ;
    mD représente l'épaisseur moyenne de la croûte de la barre entre P1 et P2 ;
    t représente la durée de transport de la barre (S) entre les points de mesure P1 et P2 ;
    (ii) on compare le facteur de réchauffage en vigueur (WEFaktuell) à un facteur de réchauffage maximal admissible (WEFmax) ; et
    (iii) dans le cas où (WEFaktuell) < (WEFmax), on renforce le refroidissement dans les zones marginales (R) de la barre (S) au sein du tronçon de refroidissement intense (20).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par une répétition des étapes (i) à (ii) ; dans lequel, conformément à l'étape (iii), on renforce le refroidissement dans les zones marginales (R) de la barre (S) jusqu'à ce que la relation WEFaktuell < WEFmax soit satisfaite.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que, au cours du renforcement du refroidissement conformément à l'étape (iii), on met en circuit, dans au moins une zone de refroidissement du tronçon de refroidissement intense (20), d'autres buses de refroidissement supplémentaires dans les zones marginales (R) de la barre (S).
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, au cours du renforcement du refroidissement conformément à l'étape (iii), dans au moins une zone de refroidissement du tronçon de refroidissement intense (20), on augmente la quantité de l'agent de refroidissement que l'on applique sur la barre (S).
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on met en œuvre les étapes (i) à (ii), dans le cas où, avant la zone de dressage (I) ou au sein de la zone de dressage (I), la température qui règne dans les zones marginales (R) de la barre (S) est supérieure à une température minimale admissible des bords (TKanteZiel).
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on calcule une allure de la pointe du cône liquide sur la largeur de la barre ; dans lequel, on met en oeuvre l'étape (iii) dans la condition suivante à savoir que la différence calculée en ce qui concerne la pointe du cône liquide est supérieure à une différence maximale prédéterminée en ce qui concerne la pointe du cône liquide.
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le tronçon de refroidissement intense (20) est prévu au sein d'un premier tiers de la longueur de l'installation de coulée continue (10) en commençant à partir de la sortie de la barre (S) de la lingotière (12).
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, au sein du tronçon de refroidissement intense (20), les zones marginales (R) de la barre (S) sont soumises à un refroidissement plus intense que dans la zone médiane (M) de la barre (S).
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que, au sein du tronçon de refroidissement intense (20), les quantités d'eau spécifiques dans les circuits de réglage marginaux sont supérieures aux quantités d'eau que l'on évacue à partir de la zone médiane (M) de la barre (S).
EP18183113.2A 2017-08-08 2018-07-12 Procédé et dispositif pour la coulée continue d'un produit métallique Active EP3441157B1 (fr)

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CN113414362B (zh) * 2021-05-31 2022-04-22 中南大学 一种同时提高高碳钢小方坯角部强度与塑性的冷却制度方法
CN113695548B (zh) * 2021-08-26 2023-01-31 宝武杰富意特殊钢有限公司 一种连铸小方坯的生产工艺及连铸小方坯

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JP3058079B2 (ja) * 1996-02-23 2000-07-04 住友金属工業株式会社 鋼の連続鋳造方法
JP3596290B2 (ja) * 1998-06-30 2004-12-02 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 鋼の連続鋳造方法
DE19916190C2 (de) * 1998-12-22 2001-03-29 Sms Demag Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Stranggießen von Brammen
DE19931331A1 (de) * 1999-07-07 2001-01-18 Siemens Ag Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Herstellen eines Stranges aus Metall
DE10001073A1 (de) * 2000-01-13 2001-07-19 Sms Demag Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verhindern einer unerwünschten Abkühlung der Bandkantenbereiche eines Gußstranges
AT409352B (de) * 2000-06-02 2002-07-25 Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen Verfahren zum stranggiessen eines metallstranges
DE10051959A1 (de) * 2000-10-20 2002-05-02 Sms Demag Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Stranggießen und anschließendem Verformen eines Gießstranges aus Stahl, insbesondere eines Gießstranges mit Blockformat oder Vorprofil-Format
DE10329030A1 (de) * 2003-03-11 2004-09-23 Sms Demag Ag Verfahren zur Optimierung der Randbereiche von Strangoberflächen gegossener Brammen
DE102006056683A1 (de) 2006-01-11 2007-07-12 Sms Demag Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Stranggießen
DE102008032970A1 (de) * 2008-07-10 2010-01-14 Sms Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Abkühlen eines aus einer Stranggießkokille austretenden Stranges
DE102011077322A1 (de) 2011-06-09 2012-12-13 Sms Siemag Ag Verfahren zur Verarbeitung eines stranggegossenen Materials
DE102014214374A1 (de) * 2014-07-23 2016-01-28 Sms Group Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines metallischen Produkts
DE102015223788A1 (de) * 2015-11-30 2017-06-01 Sms Group Gmbh Verfahren zum Stranggießen eines Metallstranges und durch dieses Verfahren erhaltener Gießstrang

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