EP3425096B1 - Herstellungsverfahren eines webblattes und mit diesem verfahren hergestelltes webblatt - Google Patents

Herstellungsverfahren eines webblattes und mit diesem verfahren hergestelltes webblatt Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3425096B1
EP3425096B1 EP18177261.7A EP18177261A EP3425096B1 EP 3425096 B1 EP3425096 B1 EP 3425096B1 EP 18177261 A EP18177261 A EP 18177261A EP 3425096 B1 EP3425096 B1 EP 3425096B1
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Prior art keywords
rods
reed
yarn
spacing
blade
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EP18177261.7A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3425096A1 (de
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Matteo Antonio Schoch
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Schoch Matteo Antonio
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Individual
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D49/00—Details or constructional features not specially adapted for looms of a particular type
    • D03D49/60—Construction or operation of slay
    • D03D49/62—Reeds mounted on slay

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to reeds for weaving looms, and more particularly, to a method for manufacturing said reeds.
  • blades which in the current practice are also called “dents” of the reed (hereinafter in the present description, either the terms “blade” or “dent” will be used indifferently), have a substantially rectangular cross section - except in the case of blades for air-loom reeds, which will be referred to below - whose larger side, hereinafter referred to as “depth”, generally is from 2 to 16 mm in size, and whose smaller side, hereinafter referred to as “thickness”, generally is from 0.01 to 2.00 mm in size.
  • each of the aforementioned rods is currently formed by a pair of opposed metal shaped bars between which the blades of the reed are positioned, said shaped bars having a flat profile at the side in contact with the blades and a rounded profile at the other side (i.e., in practice, a circular segment cross-section), such that, taking into account the spacing imposed by the blades, the assembly of two opposed shaped bars forms a roughly circular cross-section.
  • a blade spacing yarn is wound, either manually according to the oldest technique or through a mechanical winder according to the current technique.
  • said spacing yarn consists of a metal yarn; it is essential that said spacing yarn have a cross-section diameter as uniform as possible.
  • the winding of the spacing yarn coils also allows for a sufficient temporary retention of the blades on the rods, owing to the fact that the winding of the spacing yarn coils is accomplished by keeping the yarn at a moderate tension to achieve a good regularity of the coils; this causes the two shaped bars to be mutually tightened against the blades interposed therebetween and therefore causes the blades to remain correctly locked in place until the final construction step of the reed.
  • each pair of adjacent blades there can be alternated not just one coil of spacing yarn, but also two or more adjacent coils; the number of coils and the thickness of the spacing yarn precisely determining the distance between the blades intended to form the dents of the finished reed and therefore their parallelism. This distance should in fact be absolutely accurate, along the length of the reed, so that the resulting fabric be then perfectly regular, i.e., without any weaving marks.
  • the reed blades should be arranged with their depth direction perpendicular to the axes of the rods; however, considering that, as stated above, the shaped bars forming the rods are tightly locked against said blades by the spacing yarn, in order to easily accomplish the insertion of the new blades, these are normally inserted between the pairs of shaped bars in a tilted position, i.e., with their depth side suitably tilted, for example at ⁇ 45°, or even parallel to the shaped bars in case of blades for air looms, and then rotated at the angle required to arrange said depth side in its final inclination, i.e., perpendicular to the shaped bars and parallel to the predefined blade lying plane, before pushing and tightening them against the previously assembled blades or, more precisely, against the spacing yarn coils wound on the last assembled blade, in the reed being formed.
  • This blade assembling process starts at one end of the rods and continues, one blade after the other and always alternating the blades with the coils of spacing yarn, up to the opposite end of the rods.
  • these rods are each comprised of two pairs of shaped bars, which thus have, already at the beginning of the process, the desired final length of the reed (therefore even up to 4-6 meters).
  • the rods are naturally arranged parallel, appropriately locked to a supporting structure at their opposite ends, and mutually spaced apart by a distance substantially corresponding to the desired height of the finished reed.
  • the reed is usually assembled, for greater operating convenience, with the two rods being arranged in a horizontal plane so that the new blades inserted rest on the shaped bars below, in a stable equilibrium position.
  • the abutting member is steady while the supporting structure carrying the rods is moved according to an alternate rectilinear motion, in order to successively bring the newly inserted blade against the steady abutting member, thereby tightening the same.
  • the above described reed manufacturing method also has a low throughput, since the step of forming the coils of spacing yarn, in addition to be a slow process per se, also occurs discontinuously, as it is necessarily alternated with the blade insertion and blade tightening steps performed by the abutting member.
  • the whole manufacturing methods can therefore only be performed at low speeds.
  • the underlying problem of the invention is therefore to provide a new blade assembly method for forming a reed structure for weaving looms, and a new reed structure thus obtained, which overcome the aforementioned drawbacks.
  • a main object of the invention is to provide a method for manufacturing loom reeds in which any residual stresses on the blades are completely eliminated.
  • Another important object of the invention is to provide a method for manufacturing loom reeds that allows for achieving a very precise blade parallelism, along the whole extension of the blades, independently of the thickness, and then of the stiffness, of the blades and of the height of the reed.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing loom reeds in which the main steps of blade insertion and spacing yarn positioning may overlap at least in part, so as to achieve greater continuity of the manufacturing method and therefore greater productivity thereof.
  • Still another important object of the present invention is to achieve a constant quality of the end product, independently of the experience of the manpower employed in its manufacture.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show two reeds of the prior art, with rectilinear blades ( Figure 1 ) for gripper-, projectile- and water-looms, and shaped blades ( Fig. 2 ) for air looms, respectively.
  • the group of blades L is clearly visible, which blades are retained at their lower and upper ends by rods C; the structure of each of these rods - well known in the art and not further shown here - comprises coupling of two opposed shaped bars upon the two sides of the reed.
  • the basic principle of the method for manufacturing a reed for weaving looms according to the invention consists in using, as a spacing member, at least a length of a spacing yarn, running across the blade height and being positioned against the lateral surface of the blade, in a wavy configuration lying in a plane parallel to the lying plane of said blades.
  • the term "wavy configuration", referred to the shape of the length of spacing yarn, should be understood herein to comprise any type of sinusoidal, zig-zag, fret-shape, or any other, even irregular shape allowing the length of spacing yarn to cross each blade several times, possibly protruding from its opposite edges, in different points of the same blade, thus creating a much more stable scattered support for the blades, even when these, due to their reduced thickness, are characterized by a high flexibility.
  • the above described support structure comprising a continuous spacing yarn wound as a spiral on two rods C intended to be permanently incorporated in the reed is in fact abandoned.
  • a temporary support structure wherein the reciprocal spacing of the blades, in order to form gaps S for the passage of the warp yarns having a perfectly constant width, is obtained by means of single lengths of spacing yarn having a suitable gauge.
  • Said spacing yarn is of the same type already in use in the known manufacturing methods and, as already mentioned above, is formed according to a wavy configuration, then laid and tightened on the lateral surface of blades L to make up the spacing member between two successive blades, and finally removed when the manufacturing of the reed is completed.
  • Said temporary support structure should therefore simply apt to impart stability and compactness to the reed being formed - consisting of the set of blades L and the lengths of spacing yarn F interposed therebetween - during the reed assembly steps and the subsequent locking of the opposed blade ends into U-section crosspieces T by means of an impregnation resin, and therefore is not particularly limited.
  • this temporary structure comprises a plurality of rods, e.g. at least three rods, each consisting - instead of a pair of opposed shaped bars as in the prior art - of a single shaped bar.
  • the optimum number of rods is determined according to the thickness of the blades and the height of the reed. Said rods are all arranged either on the same side of the reed or in an alternate manner, on both sides of the blades, as will be better described below.
  • the individual shaped bars forming said rods may have a circular segment cross-section - as in the prior art - or any other convenient section, for example a semicircular, or an elliptical or a perfectly circular cross-section as illustrated by way of example in the drawings.
  • a semicircular, or an elliptical or a perfectly circular cross-section as illustrated by way of example in the drawings.
  • these shaped bars are intended to perform their function autonomously, i.e. without direct cooperation with an opposed shaped bar and are also intended to be removed at the end of processing, as will be better explained below, their cross-section shape is not particularly critical.
  • any other embodiment of the temporary support structure - which includes for example trays, bars, or other shaped sections, optionally coupled to magnetic means - provided that this temporary structure is apt to keep the blades L and the interposed lengths of spacing yarn F adjacent and mutually tightened during the reed assembly process and the final locking step thereof. It must therefore be understood that anyone of such temporary locking structures of this type, regardless of its nature and configuration, is included within the protection scope of the present invention.
  • the temporary support structure comprises five parallel rods 2, alternately arranged along the height of reed 1 being formed, on one side and on the opposite side thereof, and preferably at the same reciprocal distance.
  • Figure 3 shows schematically, in a front view and in an enlarged scale for a better understanding, a portion of a weaving loom reed being formed, in which blades L, separated by empty gaps S - each intended for the passage of one or more warp yarns - whose width is determined, according to the invention, by the insertion of a length of spacing yarn F (not shown in Fig. 3 for clarity).
  • rods 2 are positioned alternately on one side and on the other side of blades L, respectively, as can be seen more clearly in Fig. 4 , which shows a side view of the reed being formed.
  • the Applicant has in fact supposed that the blade residual stresses frequently arising in the reeds of the prior art, be essentially due to a not perfectly balanced compression action that the spacing yarn coils can apply on the individual blades, in the area in which said coils cross over the blades, and therefore that, by completely eliminating this cross over area - thanks to the fact that the spacing yarn is used in the form of different and mutually independent lengths - it would be possible to root out the problem related to blade residual stresses and, at the same time, lay the basis for an improved reed assembly method that would achieve all the desired objects.
  • the spacing yarn F forms in fact a plurality of "mutual spacing" points of the blades F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, and F6 where the branches of spacing yarn F in a wavy configuration pass from one side of blades L to the other, offering a stable and scattered support, particularly effective in assuring a perfect blade parallelism even when operating with blade having an extremely reduced thickness.
  • rods 2 are bent in the directions schematically indicated with arrows in Figs. 5B and 5C , so that, in the proximity of the insertion zone of the length of spacing yarn F:
  • Bending of rods 2 can indifferently take place at an intermediate point of said rods, as illustrated in Fig. 5B , or at their end, as illustrated in Fig. 5C . Deformation at an intermediate point is more suitable for very flexible rods, while deformation at the end is more suitable for more rigid rods. In any case, bending should occur to such an extent as to form a shed P of sufficient width for the insertion of spacing yarn F.
  • rods 2 in a bent position, for example, preferably at the end of said rods as illustrated in Fig. 5C , and use an abutting member consisting of a plurality of fingers running in the gaps between rods 2.
  • the length of yarn F inserted in shed P is progressively deformed in a wavy configuration by the contrast reaction applied thereon by rods 2, as they resume their regular unbent position, approaching the last inserted blade, on which the length of spacing yarn F is finally laid.
  • a new blade L is then inserted, which is pressed and tightened against the previous blade, the length of yarn F remaining then interposed between said blades and interlaced with rods 2.
  • rectilinear lengths of spacing yarn F are deformed to take a wavy configuration that respects the geometric layout of rods 2.
  • rods 2 are all arranged on the same side of the reed, and precisely on the side facing upwards during the assembly step in which the reed is arranged in a horizontal plane, while the necessary support for blades L is provided by lateral supports on which the blade ends rest.
  • the already shaped length of spacing yarn F is then placed directly on rods 2, in proximity of the blade insertion position, pushing it, with the abutting member, against the last inserted blade. A new blade is then inserted in a manner identical to that described for the previous embodiment A.
  • the wavy configuration of the lengths of spacing yarn F may be such that said yarn is caused to project with his angular portions also from the lower side of the reed or not.
  • rods are also inserted on the lower side of the reed, where they initially were not provided, by sliding them inside said angular portions of the spacing yarn F projecting from the blades.
  • these can be moved with a tray, preferably a magnetic tray, upon which they rest with their lower edge.
  • the lengths of spacing yarn F are instead already prefabricated in the number and in the wavy conformation required for the assembly of a given reed and are inserted as a stock cartridge upon rods 2, at the end opposite to the one where blade insertion begins.
  • each single yarn length is then simply withdrawn from the stock cartridge and slid along rods 2, from the initial position where the stock cartridge of preformed lengths of yarn F is arranged up to the blade insertion position, obviously alternating after each length of yarn the insertion of a blade according to the method described above.
  • the initial deformation of the lengths of spacing yarn F is preferably achieved by means of a bending apparatus for yarn F placed in proximity of rods 2 and comprising movable fingers which can be mutually inserted between fixed abutments and a feeding reel for spacing yarn F.
  • a movable gripper grips the free end of the yarn and brings it into the working area of the movable fingers.
  • the movable fingers advance in succession, in a direction perpendicular to spacing yarn F, each inserting between two adjacent fixed abutments, so as to progressively deform the yarn F with a series of loops, withdrawing the additional required yarn F from the feeding reel.
  • a fixed gripper grips the yarn in proximity of the feeding reel and a cutting device pull apart yarn F from the reel, thus creating the desired length of spacing yarn in a wavy configuration, which can thus be inserted on rods 2.
  • the number n of movable fingers is equal to the number n of desired loops to be formed on spacing yarn F, while the number of fixed abutments is equal to n + 1, considering however that one or both fixed end abutments may be replaced, in their function, by said mobile and fixed gripper.
  • the movable fingers may operate either by thrust or by traction, preferably by means of a particular conformation of the tip or by means of a gripping member transversely protruding from said tip and suitable for hooking spacing yarn F. Particular preferred conformations of the bending of each loop may be obtained simply by modifying the shape of the movable fingers, of their gripping members, or of the fixed abutments.
  • the final result of the operations described in the aforesaid embodiments A, B, and C of the method for manufacturing a reed of the invention is therefore the formation of a length of spacing yarn F having a desired wavy conformation comprising a plurality of loops, suitable to be coupled to the rods 2 arranged either on one side only of the reed being formed, or in an alternating and offset position on both sides of the reed being formed. Therefore, once spacing yarn F has assumed this wavy conformation, in whatever position it was thus formed, it is slid along rods 2 to the necessary extent - through an abutting member, known per se - until it comes into contact with the blade L last inserted on the reed being formed.
  • each length of spacing yarn F thus shaped is intended to be simply laid on the side surface of a blade L, upon which it is then tightened when the next blade is inserted.
  • rods 2 are in an alternating arrangement on the two sides of the reed, to apply a moderate pulling force on the two ends of spacing yarns F, by means of a dual gripper traction device, in order to bring said spacing yarn F in close contact with rods 2 and then to bend the two ends of said yarn around external rods 2 to the desired extent.
  • this arrangement which comprises several rods 2 arranged alternately, on one side and on the other side of blades L, respectively, and lengths of spacing yarn F in a wavy configuration between said rods 2, the blades L are held in the correct position, as a result of the pressure exerted on their edges by rods 2, just as well as with the rods with opposed shaped bar pairs of the prior art.
  • a longitudinal cut of spacing yarns F may be made at the back of one or more of said rods. It is also preferable to arrange the outermost rods 2 in a slightly more internal position than the usual position of the rods of the prior art, so as to prevent such rods and the spacing yarns F resting thereon from being affected by resin impregnation in the U-section and to allow for easy removal thereof.

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  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Looms (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Webblatts für Webstühle, umfassend:
    a. einen ersten Schritt, bei dem einzelne Klingen (L), die zur Bildung der Webblattkerben bestimmt sind, nacheinander, Seite an Seite, parallel zu einer vordefinierten Liegeebene und gleichmäßig beabstandet in einer aus Längsstäben (2) bestehenden temporären Stützstruktur montiert werden, wobei zwischen jedem benachbarten Paar von Klingen (L) kalibrierte Abstandsfäden (F) eingefügt werden; und
    b. einen zweiten Schritt, bei dem die freien Enden der in der temporären Stützstruktur montierten Klingenanordnung in Stützquerstücke (T) eingesetzt und verriegelt werden;
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zwischen jedem Paar der benachbarten Klingen (L) eingefügten Abstandsfäden (F) mindestens eine Länge eines Abstandsfadens (F) umfassen, die an der Seitenfläche der Klingen (L) angeordnet ist und eine wellige Konfiguration in einer Ebene parallel zu der Liegeebene aufweist und auf der temporären Stützstruktur aufliegt.
  2. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Webblatts nach Anspruch 1, wobei die wellenförmige Konfiguration der Länge des Abstandsfadens (F) die Sinusform, Zickzackform, Bündchenform oder eine beliebige andere, sogar unregelmäßige Form umfasst, die es ermöglicht, dass die Länge des Abstandsfadens (F) jede Klinge in verschiedenen Positionen der Klinge mehrmals kreuzt.
  3. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Webblatts nach Anspruch 2, wobei die im ersten Montageschritt der Klingen (L) verwendete temporäre Stützstruktur mindestens drei Längsstäbe (2) umfasst.
  4. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Webblatts nach Anspruch 3, wobei die temporäre Stützstruktur mindestens fünf Längsstäbe (2) umfasst.
  5. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Webblatts nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, wobei die Längsstäbe (2) entlang der Webblatthöhe gleichmäßig beabstandet sind.
  6. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Webblatts nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei die Längen der Abstandsfäden (F) in einer geradlinigen Konfiguration zwischen den Stäben (2) eingefügt werden, die von der zuletzt eingefügten Klinge (L) beabstandet sind, und nachdem bewirkt wurde, dass sich die Stäbe (2) in entgegengesetzten Richtungen elastisch biegen, um ein "Fach" P zwischen den Stäben (2) zu bilden, das mit einem gewünschten Endmuster der gegenseitigen Position zwischen den Fadenlängen (F) und den Stäben (2) übereinstimmt, und, bald danach, die Stäbe (2) in ihren ungebogenen Zustand zurückgebracht werden, wodurch die Längen der Abstandsfäden (F) in der welligen Konfiguration verformt werden, und dann bewirkt wird, dass die Längen der Abstandsfäden (F) zwischen den Stäben (2) durch ein Anlageelement bis zu der Position des Einfügens der Klinge (L) gleiten.
  7. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Webblatts nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei die Längen der Abstandsfäden (F) in einer geradlinigen Konfiguration zwischen den Stäben (2) eingefügt werden, die von der zuletzt eingefügten Klinge (L) beabstandet sind, und nachdem bewirkt wurde, dass sich die Stäbe (2) in entgegengesetzten Richtungen elastisch biegen, um ein "Fach" P zwischen den Stäben (2) zu bilden, das mit einem gewünschten Endmuster der gegenseitigen Position zwischen den Fadenlängen (F) und den Stäben (2) übereinstimmt, und, bald danach, bewirkt wird, dass die Fadenlängen (F) zwischen den Stäben (2) durch ein Anlageelement gleiten, das in den Lücken zwischen den Stäben (2) bis zu der Position des Einfügens der Klinge (L) arbeitet, wobei die Längen der Abstandsfäden (F) durch die Kontrastreaktion, die auf dieselben durch die Stäbe (2) ausgeübt wird, progressiv in eine wellige Konfiguration verformt werden.
  8. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Webblatts nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei die Längen der Abstandsfäden (F) zuvor gemäß der welligen Konfiguration in einer Biegevorrichtung des Abstandsfadens (F) verformt werden, umfassend bewegliche Finger, die gegenseitig zwischen festen Anschlägen eingeführt werden, eine Zuführspule des Abstandsfadens (F), einen beweglichen Greifer zum Einführen einer Länge von Abstandsfaden (F) zwischen die beweglichen Finger und die festen Anschläge, einen festen Greifer zum Stoppen des aus der Zuführspule kommenden Abstandsfadens (F) in Position und eine Schneidvorrichtung des Abstandsfadens (F), die in der Nähe des festen Greifers angeordnet ist.
  9. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Webblatts nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei die Längen der Abstandsfäden (F) in einer Ersatzkartusche vorgefertigt werden, umfassend die Längen der Abstandsfäden (F) in der Anzahl und in der welligen Konfiguration, die für die Montage des gesamten Webblatts erforderlich ist, wobei die Ersatzkartusche an den freien Enden der Stäbe (2) positioniert ist.
  10. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Webblatts nach Anspruch 9, wobei die Längen der Abstandsfäden (F) nacheinander aus der Ersatzkartusche herausgenommen und veranlasst werden, entlang der Stäbe (2) bis zu der Einführposition der Klinge (L) zu gleiten, wobei die Abstandsfäden (F) zwischen den Klingen (L) angeordnet werden.
  11. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Webblatts nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, wobei die Länge der Abstandsfäden (F) auf der gesamten Höhe der Seitenfläche jeder Klinge (L) zur Auflage gebracht wird.
  12. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Webblatts nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, wobei die Länge der Abstandsfäden (F) dazu gebracht wird, auf einer jeweiligen Klinge (L) aufzuliegen, so dass die durch die wellige Konfiguration davon gebildeten Schlaufen mindestens von einer Seite der Seitenfläche der Klinge (L) vorstehen, wobei sie auf jeweiligen Stäben (2) aufliegen, während sie die Seitenfläche der Klinge in mehreren Positionen kreuzen.
  13. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Webblatts nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei am Ende des Schritts b) die Stäbe (2) und die Längen der Abstandsfäden (F) aus dem Webblatt entfernt werden.
EP18177261.7A 2017-07-06 2018-06-12 Herstellungsverfahren eines webblattes und mit diesem verfahren hergestelltes webblatt Active EP3425096B1 (de)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102017000076151A IT201700076151A1 (it) 2017-07-06 2017-07-06 Metodo di fabbricazione di un pettine per telai di tessitura e pettine ottenuto con tale metodo

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EP3425096A1 EP3425096A1 (de) 2019-01-09
EP3425096B1 true EP3425096B1 (de) 2022-04-27

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102021122217A1 (de) 2021-08-27 2023-03-02 Groz-Beckert Kommanditgesellschaft Webblatt und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Webblatts
EP4392604A1 (de) 2021-08-27 2024-07-03 Groz-Beckert KG Webblatt und verfahren zur herstellung eines webblatts
DE102021122220A1 (de) 2021-08-27 2023-03-02 Groz-Beckert Kommanditgesellschaft Webblatt und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Webblatts

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2048001A (en) * 1934-05-25 1936-07-21 Myron C Fish Method of manufacturing loom reeds
US2234408A (en) * 1939-09-25 1941-03-11 Excelsior Loom Reed Works Inc Loom reed
US2544882A (en) * 1947-02-12 1951-03-13 Excelsior Loom Reed Works Inc Loom reed
DE1760943B1 (de) * 1968-07-22 1972-05-04 Spaleck Gmbh Max Webeblatt
IT1270144B (it) * 1994-05-27 1997-04-29 Nuovo Pignone Spa Sistema perfezionato di guida del nastro di inserzione della pinza in un telaio tessile senza navetta

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