EP3374100B1 - Dispositif et procédé de nettoyage d'une partie d'une installation d'embouteillage - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de nettoyage d'une partie d'une installation d'embouteillage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3374100B1
EP3374100B1 EP16798435.0A EP16798435A EP3374100B1 EP 3374100 B1 EP3374100 B1 EP 3374100B1 EP 16798435 A EP16798435 A EP 16798435A EP 3374100 B1 EP3374100 B1 EP 3374100B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cleaning
medium
cleaned
cleaning medium
media
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP16798435.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3374100A1 (fr
Inventor
Juergen Soellner
Holger Mueller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Krones AG
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Krones AG
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Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to SI201631589T priority Critical patent/SI3374100T1/sl
Publication of EP3374100A1 publication Critical patent/EP3374100A1/fr
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Publication of EP3374100B1 publication Critical patent/EP3374100B1/fr
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08CLEANING
    • B08BCLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B3/00Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
    • B08B3/04Cleaning involving contact with liquid
    • B08B3/10Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration
    • B08B3/14Removing waste, e.g. labels, from cleaning liquid; Regenerating cleaning liquids
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67CCLEANING, FILLING WITH LIQUIDS OR SEMILIQUIDS, OR EMPTYING, OF BOTTLES, JARS, CANS, CASKS, BARRELS, OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; FUNNELS
    • B67C3/00Bottling liquids or semiliquids; Filling jars or cans with liquids or semiliquids using bottling or like apparatus; Filling casks or barrels with liquids or semiliquids
    • B67C3/001Cleaning of filling devices
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47LDOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L15/00Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
    • A47L15/42Details
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08CLEANING
    • B08BCLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B3/00Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
    • B08B3/02Cleaning by the force of jets or sprays
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08CLEANING
    • B08BCLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B3/00Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
    • B08B3/04Cleaning involving contact with liquid
    • B08B3/08Cleaning involving contact with liquid the liquid having chemical or dissolving effect
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08CLEANING
    • B08BCLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B3/00Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
    • B08B3/04Cleaning involving contact with liquid
    • B08B3/10Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08CLEANING
    • B08BCLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B9/00Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto 
    • B08B9/02Cleaning pipes or tubes or systems of pipes or tubes
    • B08B9/027Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages
    • B08B9/032Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages by the mechanical action of a moving fluid, e.g. by flushing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08CLEANING
    • B08BCLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B2203/00Details of cleaning machines or methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
    • B08B2203/007Heating the liquid
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08CLEANING
    • B08BCLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B2209/00Details of machines or methods for cleaning hollow articles
    • B08B2209/02Details of apparatuses or methods for cleaning pipes or tubes
    • B08B2209/027Details of apparatuses or methods for cleaning pipes or tubes for cleaning the internal surfaces
    • B08B2209/032Details of apparatuses or methods for cleaning pipes or tubes for cleaning the internal surfaces by the mechanical action of a moving fluid

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for cleaning a part of a beverage bottling plant to be cleaned, for example a filler area to be cleaned and/or a capping area in a beverage bottling plant.
  • This external cleaning usually also includes rinsing the inner walls of a housing of the beverage bottling plant using the respective cleaning media.
  • the interior cleaning and the exterior cleaning can be carried out simultaneously or sequentially.
  • a sequence of different cleaning media is usually used in order to achieve the desired cleaning effect.
  • Cleaning media is understood here to mean all media that are used during the cleaning process.
  • the cleaning media are used, for example, in the following steps during the cleaning process: pre-rinsing with clear water, cleaning with lye, intermediate rinsing with clear water, cleaning with acid, rinsing with hot water, sterilization with superheated steam. Clear water, hot water, acid, lye and superheated steam are therefore at least regarded as cleaning media.
  • the provision and preparation of the respective cleaning media used is of great importance. In particular, it is essential for a complete and hygienically perfect cleaning of the system components to provide the respective cleaning media with the intended concentration of cleaning agents and at the prescribed temperature.
  • lost cleaning and stack cleaning must be compared with one another.
  • the respective cleaning medium is brought into the part of the plant to be cleaned and then either discarded and drained directly from the outlet of the respective part of the plant, or discarded and drained after recycling during a single cleaning phase.
  • the cleaning media are freshly provided and prepared for each cleaning phase.
  • the respective cleaning media such as fresh water, acid or alkali
  • the respective cleaning media are temporarily stored in stacking tanks between the individual cleaning cycles, used for the respective cleaning phase, then drained from the system component’s outlet and then fed back to the respective stacking tank.
  • the respective cleaning medium is processed, for example by adding fresh water and cleaning concentrate and/or by filtering.
  • the respective treated system parts are rinsed completely free of chemicals by rinsing with fresh water in order to prevent that in the subsequent filling operation no components of the cleaning chemicals get into reach the filling product.
  • the system areas can be advantageous for the system areas to dry quickly, either to enable a subsequent further sterilization step, for example in aseptic systems, or at least to be able to start production again quickly.
  • the rinsing water and in particular the rinsing water is applied to the surfaces as hot as possible in order to enable rapid evaporation of the water on the system parts heated in this way. For example, a subsequent dry sterilization with vaporized hydrogen peroxide can then also be started faster.
  • the DE 10 2013 000 522 A1 describes a process and a system for treating KEGs.
  • the CN 204404866 U and JP 2009-189905 A describe systems for using the residual heat of the waste water from a cleaning device.
  • a device for cleaning a part of the plant to be cleaned in a beverage bottling plant comprising a media feed for supplying a cleaning medium to the part of the plant to be cleaned, and a media return for removing the used cleaning medium from the part of the plant to be cleaned, so that the cleaning medium can be circulated is, wherein a heater for heating the cleaning medium is provided in the medium flow.
  • a recuperator is provided for transferring thermal energy from the cleaning medium discharged via the medium return to the cleaning medium to be supplied to the heater.
  • a recuperator is provided, by means of which at least part of the thermal energy that is still in the cleaning medium used, which has already passed through the system part, is removed via the medium return from the system part to be cleaned , is present, the cleaning medium is transferred in the media flow, the required heating energy of the heater can be reduced. This is particularly the case when, for example, after the use of chemicals, rinsing with lost cleaning is carried out for rinsing or rinsing the parts of the plant to be cleaned in such a way that the water used is discarded after it has passed through the part of the plant to be cleaned once.
  • recuperator which is already in the used and finally discarded cleaning medium introduced thermal energy to transfer substantially to the freshly supplied cleaning medium. Accordingly, the required heat output of the heater can be reduced and the heater and/or its energy supply can also be dimensioned to be smaller overall.
  • the recuperator As a further advantage, it can be seen that by using the recuperator, the discarded cleaning medium has a significantly reduced temperature and the thermal load on the sewage network is correspondingly reduced.
  • stacking tanks for the provision of cleaning media can also be dispensed with, so that a compact overall system design can be implemented.
  • stacking tanks for the respective process water, hygienic risks that can be associated with stacking cleaning media can be avoided and the entire cleaning and sterilization process can be made more microbiologically and hygienically stable.
  • the recuperator is preferably arranged upstream of the heater in the medium flow in order to preheat the respective cleaning media. This results in a gradual increase in the temperature level for the cleaning medium to achieve more efficient heating of the rinsing water and a reduced material load on the heating and the recuperator.
  • the heater is a heat exchanger, preferably a heat exchanger operated with steam or hot water.
  • process steam or process hot water which is provided in any case in the beverage bottling plant, allows the cleaning medium to be heated efficiently here.
  • the media return is preferably connected to a waste water connection in a switchable manner and the waste water connection is provided downstream of the recuperator in the media return.
  • the waste water connection can be designed, for example, in the form of a gully. In this way, it can be realized that the used cleaning medium drawn off from the system part to be cleaned via the medium return transfers all or at least a significant part of the heat carried in itself to the fresh cleaning medium located in the medium flow before it is discarded.
  • the media return is connected to the media feed via a buffer circuit that includes a buffer tank.
  • a cleaning medium can be circulated and temporarily buffered during the cleaning of the system part to be cleaned until it is replaced by a subsequent cleaning medium. Efficient cleaning can be achieved in this way.
  • a fresh water connection is preferably connected upstream of the media flow upstream of the recuperator. This means that the fresh water can first flow through the recuperator before it is used to clean the system parts to be cleaned. Accordingly, fresh water can first pass through the recuperator and then through the heater to achieve a gradual and efficient raising of the temperature of the fresh water.
  • a method for cleaning a part of a beverage bottling plant to be cleaned comprising supplying a cleaning medium to the part of the plant to be cleaned and removing the used cleaning medium from the part of the plant to be cleaned, so that the cleaning medium is circulated, with prior to the supply of the cleaning medium to the part of the system to be cleaned heated by a heater.
  • heat energy is transferred from the cleaning medium removed to the cleaning medium to be supplied to the heater.
  • a device 1 for cleaning a part of a beverage bottling plant to be cleaned is shown schematically.
  • the cleaning of the system parts takes place here via cleaning media, which are fed to the system part to be cleaned via a media supply 20 and returned from the system part to be cleaned via a media return 22 .
  • the cleaning media can accordingly be circulated.
  • the media flow 20 opens, for example, into external cleaning nozzles or surge nozzles, with which the cleaning medium provided via the media flow 20 is applied to the surfaces to be cleaned of the system part to be cleaned.
  • the media flow 20 can also be introduced into a closed area of the plant part to be cleaned, for example in the product lines and other media lines, in order to clean the inside of the parts to be cleaned make plant parts.
  • the cleaning medium can be used in particular in CIP cleaning.
  • the supply of cleaning media either for external cleaning or for internal cleaning of system parts in beverage bottling systems is known in principle.
  • the cleaning media used are fed back via the media return 22 after they have passed through the part of the plant to be cleaned or after they have flowed over the surfaces to be cleaned.
  • the cleaning medium used returns to the medium return 22, for example by collecting the cleaning medium flowing off the surfaces at one or more drainage points of the part of the plant to be cleaned drains provides.
  • the floor area can also be designed, for example, in the form of a funnel-shaped floor, which collects all of the outflowing media at a single drainage point and then discharges them into the media return 22 .
  • the cleaning medium used is discharged via the bottom area of the part of the plant to be cleaned, for example if the cleaning medium flows out of the filling valves after passing through the filling product path and is accordingly collected in the bottom area of the part of the plant to be cleaned.
  • there can also be a closed circuit of the cleaning medium in which the cleaning medium used is returned to the circuit via corresponding cleaning channels, which are also referred to as CIP channels, and is fed to the medium return 22 .
  • the cleaning medium supplied via the media supply 20 and returned via the media return 22 can be circulated in the device 1 , the supply from the media return 22 to a buffer tank 26 being provided via a circuit line 24 . From the buffer tank 26 , the cleaning medium is fed back to the medium flow 20 via a supply line 28 , which also includes a pump 29 .
  • the supply of a Acid concentrate provided via an acid feed 30 and the supply of a lye concentrate via a lye feed 32 can be supplied with the concentrate for producing or maintaining a desired concentration of alkali or acid via the alkali supply 32 or the acid supply 30 .
  • the desired concentration can be monitored via sensors provided in the circuit line 24, which determine the supply of acid or alkali via a corresponding control.
  • Fresh water can be fed into the system via a fresh water connection 34 .
  • the fresh water connection 34 accordingly enables fresh water to be supplied in order to achieve either a replacement of a first cleaning medium by a second cleaning medium, or to compensate for the loss of cleaning medium due to the cleaning itself and the evaporation of cleaning medium.
  • the cleaning medium which is received in the buffer tank 26 or is prepared or processed in the buffer tank 26 can be removed from the device 1 via a waste water connection 36 .
  • the cleaning medium can also be routed past the buffer tank 26 via a bypass 27 .
  • This is particularly advantageous when clear water is used as the cleaning medium, which is used, for example, for pre-rinsing directly after production, or which is used for intermediate rinsing or rinsing.
  • the water does not have to be temporarily stored in the buffer tank 26 .
  • the cleaning medium can also be routed directly to the waste water connection 36 via the bypass 27 and discarded.
  • a cleaning medium in the form of fresh water can be introduced via the fresh water connection 34 into the media flow 20, the system part to be cleaned can be cleaned with the fresh water, and the cleaning medium can then be fed directly via the media return 22 and the bypass 27 the waste water connection 36 are routed. There is no recirculation.
  • the fresh water then supplied via the fresh water connection 34 is either treated with lye via the lye supply 32 or acid is supplied via the acid feed 30 in order to provide the cleaning medium accordingly with the respective acid or alkali concentrates.
  • These cleaning media can then be temporarily buffered via the buffer tank 26 for cleaning and to provide a corresponding exposure time and can be circulated by means of the pump 29 .
  • the chemical composition is constantly checked and, if necessary, readjusted by adding fresh water or by dosing in acid or lye concentrates.
  • the cleaning medium is heated by means of a heater 4 .
  • the heater 4 is provided in the media feed 20 in such a way that the cleaning medium, which is fed to the system parts to be cleaned via the media feed 20, is brought to the intended target temperature by means of the heater 4.
  • the heater 4 is provided in the form of a heat exchanger, to which process steam is supplied via a steam line 40 .
  • the condensate is returned via a condensate line 42 .
  • the heater 4, which is accordingly provided as a steam heat exchanger the cleaning medium fed to the medium flow 20 can be brought to the target temperature.
  • a temperature sensor can be provided downstream of the heater 4, via which the heat output of the heat exchanger can be regulated.
  • a recuperator 5 is provided in the media flow 20 upstream of the heater 4 .
  • the cleaning medium to be supplied to the heater 4 flows through the recuperator 5 .
  • the recuperator 5 is in the medium flow 20 and has the cleaning medium flowing through it, which medium is to be fed to the system part to be cleaned before it enters the heater 4 .
  • the cleaning medium of the medium flow 20 is guided in a first chamber system of the recuperator 5 .
  • the recuperator 5 is flowed through in its second chamber system by the cleaning medium returned via the medium return 22 .
  • the heat energy present in the cleaning medium returned via the medium return 22 can be transferred to the cleaning medium flowing through the medium flow 20 before the cleaning medium flows through the heater 4 .
  • the cleaning medium can be preheated accordingly by means of the recuperator 5 before it flows into the heater 4 .
  • the required heat output of the heater 4, which is required to reach the target temperature of the cleaning medium in the medium flow 20, can thus be reduced.
  • the use of the recuperator 5 can also reduce the maximum energy required, which has to be transferred to the cleaning medium in the media flow 20 by means of the heater 4 .
  • the load on the steam network of the beverage bottling plant, for example, can then be reduced in this way.
  • the thermal energy still present in the discarded cleaning medium is transferred to a significant part to the new cleaning medium before the new cleaning medium, which is then preheated, is in the heater 4 is heated to its target temperature.
  • the effect can be understood particularly well using the example of rinsing after the end of chemical cleaning.
  • fresh water is brought into the supply line 28 via the fresh water connection 34 , pumped through the recuperator 5 via the pump 29 and then heated to the target temperature by means of the heater 4 .
  • the cleaning medium from the previous cleaning step that is still in the cleaning system is at an increased temperature, for example, so that the cleaning medium returned via the medium return 22 correspondingly raises the fresh water in the recuperator 5 to a first temperature level. Accordingly, the heating power of the heater 4 can be reduced.
  • the discarded cleaning medium which is fed into the waste water connection 36, is no longer so hot after passing through the recuperator 5, so that an excessive thermal load on the waste water network is also avoided.
  • the heat output of the heater 4 can be reduced overall, especially when rinsing the parts of the system to be cleaned, in which it is advantageous to rinse with very hot water in order to dry the rinsed parts of the system quickly.
  • the required amount of steam, which is provided via the steam line 40, can thus also be reduced.
  • figure 2 is shown schematically as a dot-dash curve the course of the steam removal for a heater, which worked according to the prior art without the use of the recuperator.
  • the solid line shows the course of the steam extraction of the heater 4 of the present construction using the recuperator 5 . It immediately follows that the maximum removal of steam from the steam network is significantly reduced, so that a peak load on the steam network can be reduced. In this way it can be achieved that a steam generator for a steam network of the system can be reduced in its dimensions, so that the entire beverage bottling system can be made more efficient.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
  • Filling Of Jars Or Cans And Processes For Cleaning And Sealing Jars (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Dispositif (1) pour nettoyer une partie d'installation devant être nettoyée dans une installation d'embouteillage, comprenant un circuit d'écoulement de milieu (20) pour acheminer un milieu nettoyant jusqu'à la partie d'installation à nettoyer, et avec un circuit de retour de milieu (22) pour évacuer le milieu nettoyant utilisé de la partie d'installation à nettoyer, de sorte que le milieu nettoyant est guidé dans un circuit, dans lequel un
    chauffage (4) est prévu pour réchauffer le milieu nettoyant dans le circuit d'écoulement de milieu (20), et
    un récupérateur (5) est prévu pour transmettre l'énergie thermique provenant du milieu nettoyant évacué par le circuit de retour de milieu (22) au milieu nettoyant amené au chauffage (4).
  2. Dispositif (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le récupérateur (5) est agencé en amont du chauffage (4) dans le circuit d'écoulement de milieu (20).
  3. Dispositif (1) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le chauffage (4) est un échangeur thermique, de préférence un échangeur thermique fonctionnant à la vapeur ou à l'eau chaude.
  4. Dispositif (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le circuit de retour de milieu (22) est relié de manière commutable à un raccord d'eau usée (36) et le raccord d'eau usée (36) est prévu en amont du récupérateur (5) dans le circuit de retour de milieu (22).
  5. Dispositif (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le circuit de retour de milieu (22) est relié au circuit d'écoulement de milieu (20) via un circuit tampon comprenant un réservoir tampon (26).
  6. Dispositif (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un raccord d'eau douce (34) est monté en amont du circuit d'écoulement de milieu (20) en amont du récupérateur (5).
  7. Procédé pour nettoyer une partie d'installation devant être nettoyée dans une installation d'embouteillage, comprenant l'acheminement d'un milieu nettoyant jusqu'à la partie d'installation à nettoyer et l'évacuation du milieu nettoyant utilisé de la partie d'installation à nettoyer, de sorte que le milieu nettoyant est guidé dans un circuit, dans lequel le milieu nettoyant est réchauffé au moyen d'un chauffage (4) avant l'acheminement du milieu nettoyant jusqu'à la partie d'installation à nettoyer, et
    avant le réchauffement du milieu nettoyant au moyen du chauffage (4), l'énergie thermique provenant du milieu nettoyant évacué est transmise au milieu nettoyant amené au chauffage (4).
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la transmission de l'énergie thermique est réalisée au moyen d'un récupérateur (5) agencé en amont du chauffage (4).
EP16798435.0A 2015-11-10 2016-11-10 Dispositif et procédé de nettoyage d'une partie d'une installation d'embouteillage Active EP3374100B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI201631589T SI3374100T1 (sl) 2015-11-10 2016-11-10 Naprava in postopek za čiščenje dela postrojenja, ki ga je treba očistiti, polnilnice pijač

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015119318.3A DE102015119318A1 (de) 2015-11-10 2015-11-10 Vorrichtung zum Reinigen eines zu reinigenden Anlagenteils einer Getränkeabfüllanlage
PCT/EP2016/077270 WO2017081155A1 (fr) 2015-11-10 2016-11-10 Dispositif et procédé récupérant la chaleur de liquides lors du nettoyage d'une partie à nettoyer d'une installation d'embouteillage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3374100A1 EP3374100A1 (fr) 2018-09-19
EP3374100B1 true EP3374100B1 (fr) 2022-08-03

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16798435.0A Active EP3374100B1 (fr) 2015-11-10 2016-11-10 Dispositif et procédé de nettoyage d'une partie d'une installation d'embouteillage

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US11084068B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3374100B1 (fr)
JP (2) JP7163029B2 (fr)
CN (2) CN107847987A (fr)
DE (1) DE102015119318A1 (fr)
SI (1) SI3374100T1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017081155A1 (fr)

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DE102019132749A1 (de) * 2019-12-03 2021-06-10 Krones Ag Vorrichtung zum Befüllen eines Behälters mit CIP-Reinigung
DE102020207908A1 (de) * 2020-06-25 2021-12-30 Krones Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung zur PEF-Behandlung von flüssigen Medien und Verfahren
DE102022106545A1 (de) 2022-03-21 2023-09-21 Khs Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Reinigen einer Anlagenkomponente in einer Getränkebehandlungsanlage

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DE102013005674B3 (de) * 2013-04-03 2014-06-12 Gea Tds Gmbh Reinigungsverfahren und Reinigungsanlage für eine heiß zu reinigende Prozessanlage
CN204404866U (zh) * 2015-01-05 2015-06-17 广州赛唯热工设备有限公司 原位清洗***余热回收装置

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SI3374100T1 (sl) 2022-10-28
WO2017081155A1 (fr) 2017-05-18
EP3374100A1 (fr) 2018-09-19
JP2021192911A (ja) 2021-12-23
DE102015119318A1 (de) 2017-05-11
JP7163029B2 (ja) 2022-10-31
US20180178258A1 (en) 2018-06-28
US11084068B2 (en) 2021-08-10
JP2018533462A (ja) 2018-11-15
CN107847987A (zh) 2018-03-27
CN117019782A (zh) 2023-11-10

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