EP3336259A1 - Anchor for anchoring in the ground and/or rock with reversible tension member - Google Patents

Anchor for anchoring in the ground and/or rock with reversible tension member Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3336259A1
EP3336259A1 EP16204798.9A EP16204798A EP3336259A1 EP 3336259 A1 EP3336259 A1 EP 3336259A1 EP 16204798 A EP16204798 A EP 16204798A EP 3336259 A1 EP3336259 A1 EP 3336259A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
anchor
tension member
rods
anchor according
casing
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Granted
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EP16204798.9A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3336259B1 (en
Inventor
Markus Halter
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Stahlton AG
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Stahlton AG
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Priority to EP16204798.9A priority Critical patent/EP3336259B1/en
Publication of EP3336259A1 publication Critical patent/EP3336259A1/en
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Publication of EP3336259B1 publication Critical patent/EP3336259B1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
    • E02D5/76—Anchorings for bulkheads or sections thereof in as much as specially adapted therefor
    • E02D5/765—Anchorings for bulkheads or sections thereof in as much as specially adapted therefor removable

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an anchor for anchoring in the ground and / or rocks with Wegbaubarem tension member according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Retractable ground anchors and rock anchors with a retractable tension member are used in particular for securing construction pits.
  • the forces held in equilibrium by the anchors mainly due to active earth pressure, can usually be taken over by the construction of the structures, so that the function of the anchors becomes obsolete.
  • the anchors usually extend under neighboring properties, so that they represent an obstacle in the construction site there when left in construction.
  • a tension member made of prestressing steel strands is difficult to cut because of the high strength and toughness of the steel. Therefore, in many cases, the demand for a dismantling of anchors is charged.
  • Anchors are known in which the tension member is anchored over an anchoring length.
  • the tensionable “free length Lfr” of typically 7 and more meters the tension member is guided freely movable in a PE piping, while the “anchoring length Lv" of typically 4 to 8 meters by cementing mortar for anchoring purposes positively connected to the ground becomes.
  • the tension member can be weakened by suitable measures, such as heating by induction, so that it breaks under the impending forces and thus Lfr can be dismantled.
  • the WO 20111/16483 A2 the same applicant.
  • the anchoring length Lv remains in the ground and can be a major obstacle in future construction work. Therefore, it is desirable that the entire tension member or at least the majority of it can be dismantled.
  • so-called pressure tube anchors are used.
  • the tension member is performed over the entire anchor length freewheeling in a PE piping and anchored in the borehole deepest by means of an end anchoring.
  • the final anchorage is based on a typically 1.5 to 4 meters long so-called pressure tube, which is connected non-positively by casting with cement mortar with the ground.
  • the entire tension member can be dismantled by loosening from the end anchorage. This leaves the PE piping, the final anchoring and the pressure pipe in the ground.
  • the pressure tube is composed of individual, per se completely destructible segments, such as glass, ceramic or high-strength concrete, such as in the EP 1 154 077 B1 "Expandable Anpressanker" is disclosed, there is still, as in principle in all composed of segments pressure pipes, the difficulty to ensure that the segments abut each other without play, so in the displacement measurements in anchor tests and clamping samples for determining and controlling the sustainability of the ground no Mixing of reactions of the ground and cancellation of any interplay between the segments takes place.
  • a so-called pressure rod anchor in which the effect of a pressure tube is formed of several Dywidag threaded rods, which are composed of individual, connected by means of plastic sleeves rod segments. This has the above problem of the game in the segment bumps.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an improved anchor for anchoring in the soil and / or rocks.
  • the rods By providing a cage of rods, which extend continuously from the end anchor of the anchor to their respective rod end, a segmentation and thus a possible game are avoided. After placing the anchor and injecting cement mortar, the rods form a reinforcement of a pressure tube, through which the anchor force can be introduced into the ground.
  • the rods are made of a material that is different from structural steel. If a material with a low notched impact strength is selected as the material, the remainder of the armature remaining in the ground after the decompression of the tension member is easier to destroy in the case of future construction work by construction machinery and / or pile driving.
  • Fig. 1 shows an example of a view of an anchor 3, which is set in a borehole drilled in a ground.
  • the tension member 5 of the armature 3 comprises at least one tension element.
  • a tension element inter alia, a wire strand is suitable, for example, a prestressing steel strand such as a 7-wire Prestressing steel strand.
  • the tension member 5 runs on its stretchable length freewheeling in a casing 6, the z. B. is made of PE, and is anchored in the final anchor 9.
  • this anchorage is configured as slip-free as possible, so that in the displacement measurements in anchor tests and clamping samples for determining and controlling the sustainability of the ground no mixing of reactions of the ground and slippage takes place in the final anchorage.
  • the slip that results in the final anchorage during tensioning of the tension member 5 less than 0.5 mm, preferably less than 0.2 mm, and more preferably less than 0.1 mm.
  • the tension member 5 can be tensioned and fixed in the anchor head 4.
  • a pressure tube 12 is provided. This consists of the rods 7, the Umschnürungsarmtechnik 8, which may also be omitted, and the injection mortar 10 together and is based on the final anchorage 9 from.
  • the bars 7 form a cage and extend continuously from the end anchorage 9 to their respective bar end. The bar ends thus define the end of the anchor 9 opposite end of the cage.
  • the rods 7 are held on the end anchorage 9 by these z. B. is provided with holes such as blind holes, in which the ends of the rods 7 engage. Depending on the design, these ends can be glued, screwed or otherwise connected to the end anchor 9.
  • one or more spacers may be provided, via which the rods 7 are held in position on the casing 6.
  • the end anchor 9 is directly upstream of the separation point 11, where the tension member 5 can be separated for a deconstruction.
  • a release device (not shown) is provided, which is integrated in the end anchorage 9 or upstream.
  • the release device has z.
  • the induction coil is powered by a frequency converter (not shown), for example a static frequency converter, which can be connected to the induction coil via a power supply cable (not shown) running along the casing 6 (inside and / or outside).
  • a frequency converter for example a static frequency converter
  • This is preferably formed by a winding which is single or multi-layered and consists of a cable.
  • the induction coil is spaced around the tension member 5 so as to prevent the heat generated in the tension member 5 during the heating process from melting the electrical insulation of the induction coil and thus electrical short circuiting.
  • the induction coil can, for. B. be arranged on or in a pipe section through which the tension member 2 extends.
  • Fig. 2 shows a section through the anchor on the free length Lfr with the guided in the piping 6 tension member 5 in the hole 2 in the ground 1. It is shown here a tension member 5 with four tension elements. As explained above, only one, two or more tension elements can be provided.
  • Fig. 3 shows a section through the pressure tube 12, which fills the annular gap between the wall of the borehole 2 in the ground 1 and the casing 6 of the tension member 5 and here composed of the rods 7, the Umschnürungsarmtechnik 8 and the injection mortar 10.
  • the Umschnürungsarm ist if present, is formed of one or more Umschnürungs instituten about the rods 7 z. B. are wound spirally.
  • a Umschnürungselement may be in the form of a wire, tape or the like, and preferably from a Material to be made, which is also suitable for the production of the rods 7. It is conceivable to provide a plurality of strapping elements, each of which surrounds only a portion of the bars 7, so that a segmented strapping reinforcement 8 results. So are in the Fig. 1 To see three portions of the rods 7, which are each wrapped by a Umschnürungselement the Umschnürungsarm réelle 8.
  • Fig. 3 six bars 7 are shown.
  • the number of rods 7 may also be different and be two, three or more.
  • the rods 7 are arranged symmetrically around the center, so that in the circumferential direction, in each case the angle between two adjacent bars 7 is the same.
  • the rods 7 can all be the same length or it is also conceivable to provide at least two rods 7 which are of different lengths.
  • the end of the cage defining the bar ends has a different shape. If the rods 7 are e.g. the same length, they end on a plane that is perpendicular to the extension direction of the cage. Its end thus has a straight shape. With different lengths of the rods 7, the end of the cage has a tapered, bevelled or other shape.
  • the length of the rods 7 can be easily graded in accordance with the forces still to be removed.
  • rods 7 whose cross-section varies along the cage, z. B. decreases towards the air side end of the cage.
  • the rods 7 are preferably made of materials of high compressive strength at a relatively low specific weight, so that the weight of the anchor for transport and handling on the site is not undesirably increased.
  • the rods 7 are preferably made of materials with low impact strength. Particularly preferably, this is so low that the rods 7 in the case of future construction work by construction machinery or pile driving over their entire length at any point and thus as completely as possible are easily completely destroyed.
  • the notched impact strength can be z. B. Specified as notched energy consumption (in joules) determined by the impact test according to Charpy according to the standard DIN EN ISO 148-1 for metallic materials or according to the standard EN ISO 179-1 for plastics. For other materials that are different from metal and plastic, z. B. determined by a tensile test, whether the material can be plastically deformed before it breaks. If this is not the case, then there is a brittle material in which no impact strength is given. Such a material is for example ceramic.
  • the material for the rods typically has a notched impact energy consumption which is at most 10 J, preferably at most 5 J, particularly preferably at most 2 J. It is thus lower than z.
  • a notched impact energy consumption which is at most 10 J, preferably at most 5 J, particularly preferably at most 2 J. It is thus lower than z.
  • the rods 7 are preferably made of materials that, with appropriately selected voltage cross-sections, can be wound up on conventional transport drums ( ⁇ approx. 1.2 m) or bodylessly.
  • the rods 7 are preferably made of materials that withstand without further protective measures over a period of at least 5 years emanating from the ground normal corrosive attacks.
  • Rods 7 in the form of plastic rods, in particular carbon fiber reinforced plastic rods (CFRP) bring in addition to the easy destructability also advantages in terms of weight and Aufrollles the anchor for transport with it.
  • CFRP carbon fiber reinforced plastic rods
  • the pressure tube 12 may be designed to be easily destructible in any future construction work, even though it is a one piece piece and is not segmented, over its entire length at any location and therefore as a whole.
  • a pressure tube 12 which consists of a composite cross-section comprising injection mortar 10, rods 7 and, if necessary, further elements, such as a tie-up reinforcement 8 and / or spacers.
  • the pressure tube 12 is not divided into segments in its longitudinal direction; This ensures that the displacement measurements in the anchor tests and clamping samples are not distorted by canceling clearance between segments.
  • the bars may be connected by crossbars, resulting in a grid. This may be arranged once or several times around the casing 6 running around.
  • rods and cross bars are made of the same material.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)

Abstract

Der Anker zur Verankerung im Boden und/oder Felsen umfasst ein rückbaubares Zugglied, welches freispielend in einer Verrohrung (6) verläuft und in einer Endverankerung (9) gehalten ist, eine Lösevorrichtung zum Lösen des Zuggliedes aus der Endverankerung beim Ausbau und einen um die Verrohrung (6) angeordneten Käfig aus Stäben (7), welche durchgehend von der Endverankerung (9) bis zu ihrem jeweiligen Stabende verlaufen. Die Stabenden definieren das der Endverankerung (9) gegenüberliegende Ende des Käfigs. Die Stäbe (7) dienen als Armierung eines Druckrohres (12), das zum Einleiten der Ankerkraft in den Baugrund (1) bildbar ist, indem zwischen der Verrohrung (6) des Zuggliedes (5) und der Bohrlochwand nach dem Versetzen des Ankers Zementmörtel injizierbar ist.The anchor for anchoring in the ground and / or rock comprises a retrievable tension member which is free-running in a casing (6) and held in an end anchorage (9), a release device for releasing the tension member from the final anchorage on removal and one around the casing (6) arranged cage of rods (7) which extend continuously from the end anchorage (9) to their respective rod end. The bar ends define the end of the cage opposite the end anchor (9). The rods (7) serve as reinforcement of a pressure pipe (12), which is bildbar for introducing the anchor force in the ground (1) by between the casing (6) of the tension member (5) and the borehole wall after the displacement of the anchor cement mortar injectable is.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Anker zur Verankerung im Boden und/oder Felsen mit rückbaubarem Zugglied gemäss Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to an anchor for anchoring in the ground and / or rocks with rückbaubarem tension member according to the preamble of claim 1.

Rückbaubare Boden- und Felsanker mit rückbaubarem Zugglied werden insbesondere zur Sicherung von Baugruben eingesetzt. Die durch die Anker im Gleichgewicht gehaltenen, hauptsächlich durch aktiven Erddruck bedingten, Kräfte können nach dem Erstellen der Bauwerke in der Regel von diesen übernommen werden, so dass die Funktion der Anker hinfällig wird.Retractable ground anchors and rock anchors with a retractable tension member are used in particular for securing construction pits. The forces held in equilibrium by the anchors, mainly due to active earth pressure, can usually be taken over by the construction of the structures, so that the function of the anchors becomes obsolete.

Die Anker erstrecken sich meistens unter Nachbargrundstücke, so dass sie bei Belassen im Baugrund dort bei späteren Bauarbeiten ein Hindernis darstellen. Insbesondere ein Zugglied aus Spannstahllitzen ist wegen der hohen Festigkeit und Zähheit des Stahles nur schwer durchtrennbar. Deshalb wird in vielen Fällen die Forderung nach einem Rückbau der Anker erhoben.The anchors usually extend under neighboring properties, so that they represent an obstacle in the construction site there when left in construction. In particular, a tension member made of prestressing steel strands is difficult to cut because of the high strength and toughness of the steel. Therefore, in many cases, the demand for a dismantling of anchors is charged.

Es sind Anker bekannt, bei welchen das Zugglied über eine Verankerungslänge verankert wird. Dabei wird auf der spannbaren "freien Länge Lfr" von typischerweise 7 und mehr Meter das Zugglied frei beweglich in einer PE-Verrohrung geführt, während die "Verankerungslänge Lv" von typischerweise 4 bis 8 Meter durch Vergiessen mit Zementmörtel zu Verankerungszwecken kraftschlüssig mit dem Baugrund verbunden wird. Am Übergang von Lfr zu Lv kann für den Rückbau das Zugglied durch geeignete Massnahmen, wie z.B. Erwärmen durch Induktion, so geschwächt werden, dass es unter den anstehenden Kräften reisst und somit Lfr rückgebaut werden kann, vgl. die WO 20111/16483 A2 der gleichen Anmelderin. Die Verankerungsiänge Lv verbleibt dabei allerdings im Baugrund und kann bei künftigen Bauarbeiten ein erhebliches Hindernis darstellen.
Deshalb ist es wünschbar, dass das gesamte Zugglied oder zumindest der Grossteil davon rückgebaut werden kann.Anchors are known in which the tension member is anchored over an anchoring length. Here, on the tensionable "free length Lfr" of typically 7 and more meters, the tension member is guided freely movable in a PE piping, while the "anchoring length Lv" of typically 4 to 8 meters by cementing mortar for anchoring purposes positively connected to the ground becomes. At the transition from Lfr to Lv, the tension member can be weakened by suitable measures, such as heating by induction, so that it breaks under the impending forces and thus Lfr can be dismantled. the WO 20111/16483 A2 the same applicant. However, the anchoring length Lv remains in the ground and can be a major obstacle in future construction work.
Therefore, it is desirable that the entire tension member or at least the majority of it can be dismantled.

Zu diesem Zweck werden sogenannte Druckrohranker eingesetzt. Dabei wird das Zugglied über die ganze Ankerlänge freispielend in einer PE-Verrohrung geführt und im Bohrlochtiefsten mittels einer Endverankerung verankert. Zur Einleitung der Ankerkraft in den Baugrund stützt sich die Endverankerung auf ein typischerweise 1.5 bis 4 Meter langes sogenanntes Druckrohr ab, das durch Vergiessen mit Zementmörtel kraftschlüssig mit dem Baugrund verbunden wird. Das gesamte Zugglied kann durch Lösen von der Endverankerung rückgebaut werden. Es verbleiben dabei die PE-Verrohrung, die Endverankerung und das Druckrohr im Baugrund.For this purpose, so-called pressure tube anchors are used. In this case, the tension member is performed over the entire anchor length freewheeling in a PE piping and anchored in the borehole deepest by means of an end anchoring. To initiate the anchor force in the ground, the final anchorage is based on a typically 1.5 to 4 meters long so-called pressure tube, which is connected non-positively by casting with cement mortar with the ground. The entire tension member can be dismantled by loosening from the end anchorage. This leaves the PE piping, the final anchoring and the pressure pipe in the ground.

Dabei stellen die üblicherweise verwendeten, aus einem Stück bestehenden, Druckrohre aus Baustahl ein Hindernis für künftige Bauarbeiten dar, dessen Beseitigung zusätzliche Kosten verursacht. Auch wenn das Druckrohr aus mehreren Segmenten zusammengesetzt ist, verbleiben nach der Zerstörung des Druckrohres als Ganzes die einzelnen nicht weiter zerstörbaren Segmente als Hindernis im Baugrund.The commonly used, one-piece, pressure pipes made of structural steel is an obstacle to future construction, the removal of which causes additional costs. Even if the pressure tube is composed of several segments, remain after the destruction of the pressure tube as a whole, the individual not further destructible segments as an obstacle in the ground.

Falls das Druckrohr aus einzelnen, an sich ganz zerstörbaren Segmenten, wie Glas, Keramik oder hochfestem Beton zusammengesetzt ist, wie beispielsweise in der EP 1 154 077 B1 "Wieder ausbaubarer Verpressanker" offengelegt wird, besteht weiterhin, wie grundsätzlich bei allen aus Segmenten zusammengesetzten Druckrohren, die Schwierigkeit, zu gewährleisten, dass die Segmente spielfrei aneinander stossen, damit bei den Verschiebungsmessungen bei Ankerversuchen und Spannproben zur Bestimmung und Kontrolle der Tragfähigkeit des Baugrundes keine Vermischung von Reaktionen des Baugrundes und Aufhebung von allfälligem Spiel zwischen den Segmenten stattfindet.If the pressure tube is composed of individual, per se completely destructible segments, such as glass, ceramic or high-strength concrete, such as in the EP 1 154 077 B1 "Expandable Anpressanker" is disclosed, there is still, as in principle in all composed of segments pressure pipes, the difficulty to ensure that the segments abut each other without play, so in the displacement measurements in anchor tests and clamping samples for determining and controlling the sustainability of the ground no Mixing of reactions of the ground and cancellation of any interplay between the segments takes place.

Weiter ist von der Firma DYWIDAG ein sogenannter Druckstabanker bekannt, bei dem die Wirkung eines Druckrohrs aus mehreren Dywidag-Gewindestäben gebildet wird, die aus einzelnen, mittels Kunststoffmuffen verbundenen Stabsegmenten zusammengesetzt sind.
Dies hat die oben genannte Problematik des Spiels bei den Segmentstössen.Further, from the company DYWIDAG a so-called pressure rod anchor is known in which the effect of a pressure tube is formed of several Dywidag threaded rods, which are composed of individual, connected by means of plastic sleeves rod segments.
This has the above problem of the game in the segment bumps.

Eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, einen verbesserten Anker zur Verankerung im Boden und/oder Felsen anzugeben.An object of the present invention is to provide an improved anchor for anchoring in the soil and / or rocks.

Ein Anker, der diese Aufgabe löst, ist in Anspruch 1 angegeben. Die weiteren Ansprüche geben bevorzugte Ausführungsformen des erfindungsgemässen Ankers an sowie ein Verfahren zum Versetzen eines Ankers.An anchor which achieves this object is specified in claim 1. The further claims indicate preferred embodiments of the inventive armature and a method for displacing an armature.

Durch das Vorsehen eines Käfigs aus Stäben, welche durchgehend von der Endverankerung des Ankers bis zu ihrem jeweiligen Stabende verlaufen, werden eine Segmentierung und damit ein etwaiges Spiel vermieden. Nach dem Versetzen des Ankers und Injizieren von Zementmörtel bilden die Stäbe eine Armierung eines Druckrohres, über welches die Ankerkraft in den Baugrund eingeleitet werden kann.By providing a cage of rods, which extend continuously from the end anchor of the anchor to their respective rod end, a segmentation and thus a possible game are avoided. After placing the anchor and injecting cement mortar, the rods form a reinforcement of a pressure tube, through which the anchor force can be introduced into the ground.

Vorzugsweise bestehen die Stäbe aus einem Werkstoff, der verschieden von Baustahl ist. Wird als Werkstoff ein solcher mit niedriger Kerbschlagzähigkeit gewählt, ist der nach dem Rückbau des Zuggliedes im Baugrund verbleibende Rest des Ankers im Falle von künftigen Bauarbeiten durch Baumaschinen und/oder Rammarbeiten leichter zerstörbar.Preferably, the rods are made of a material that is different from structural steel. If a material with a low notched impact strength is selected as the material, the remainder of the armature remaining in the ground after the decompression of the tension member is easier to destroy in the case of future construction work by construction machinery and / or pile driving.

Die Erfindung wird weiter an einem Ausführungsbeispiel unter Bezugnahme auf Figuren erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine Ansicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemässen Ankers;
  • Fig. 2 den Schnitt A - A aus Fig. 1; und
  • Fig. 3 den Schnitt B - B aus Fig. 1.
The invention will be further explained with reference to an embodiment with reference to figures. Show it:
  • Fig. 1 a view of an embodiment of an inventive anchor;
  • Fig. 2 the section A - A off Fig. 1 ; and
  • Fig. 3 the cut B - B off Fig. 1 ,

Fig. 1 zeigt beispielhaft eine Ansicht eines Ankers 3, der in einem in einem Baugrund gebohrten Bohrloch gesetzt ist. Das Zugglied 5 des Ankers 3 umfasst mindestens ein Zugelement. Als Zugelement ist u.a. eine Drahtlitze geeignet, beispielsweise eine Spannstahllitze wie eine 7-drähtige Spannstahllitze. Das Zugglied 5 läuft auf seiner spannbaren Länge freispielend in einer Verrohrung 6, die z. B. aus PE ist, und ist in der Endverankerung 9 verankert. Vorzugsweise ist diese Verankerung möglichst schlupffrei ausgestaltet, so dass bei den Verschiebungsmessungen bei Ankerversuchen und Spannproben zur Bestimmung und Kontrolle der Tragfähigkeit des Baugrundes keine Vermischung von Reaktionen des Baugrundes und Schlupf in der Endverankerung stattfindet. Typischerweise ist der Schlupf, der sich in der Endverankerung beim Spannen des Zuggliedes 5 ergibt, kleiner als 0.5 mm, bevorzugt kleiner als 0.2 mm und besonders bevorzugt kleiner als 0.1 mm. Fig. 1 shows an example of a view of an anchor 3, which is set in a borehole drilled in a ground. The tension member 5 of the armature 3 comprises at least one tension element. As a tension element inter alia, a wire strand is suitable, for example, a prestressing steel strand such as a 7-wire Prestressing steel strand. The tension member 5 runs on its stretchable length freewheeling in a casing 6, the z. B. is made of PE, and is anchored in the final anchor 9. Preferably, this anchorage is configured as slip-free as possible, so that in the displacement measurements in anchor tests and clamping samples for determining and controlling the sustainability of the ground no mixing of reactions of the ground and slippage takes place in the final anchorage. Typically, the slip that results in the final anchorage during tensioning of the tension member 5, less than 0.5 mm, preferably less than 0.2 mm, and more preferably less than 0.1 mm.

Luftseitig kann das Zugglied 5 gespannt und im Ankerkopf 4 festgesetzt werden.On the air side, the tension member 5 can be tensioned and fixed in the anchor head 4.

Es ist ein Druckrohr 12 vorgesehen. Dieses setzt sich aus den Stäben 7, der Umschnürungsarmierung 8, die auch weggelassen sein kann, und dem Injektionsmörtel 10 zusammen und stützt sich auf die Endverankerung 9 ab. Die Stäbe 7 bilden einen Käfig und verlaufen durchgehend von der Endverankerung 9 bis zu ihrem jeweiligen Stabende. Die Stabenden definieren somit das der Endverankerung 9 gegenüberliegende Ende des Käfigs. Die Stäbe 7 sind an der Endverankerung 9 gehalten, indem diese z. B. mit Löchern wie Sacklöchern versehen ist, in welche die Enden der Stäbe 7 greifen. Je nach Auslegung können diese Enden eingeklebt, eingeschraubt oder sonst wie mit der Endverankerung 9 verbunden sein. Entlang des Käfigs können ein oder mehrere Distanzhalter (hier nicht dargestellt) vorgesehen sein, über welche die Stäbe 7 an der Verrohrung 6 in Position gehalten sind.There is a pressure tube 12 is provided. This consists of the rods 7, the Umschnürungsarmierung 8, which may also be omitted, and the injection mortar 10 together and is based on the final anchorage 9 from. The bars 7 form a cage and extend continuously from the end anchorage 9 to their respective bar end. The bar ends thus define the end of the anchor 9 opposite end of the cage. The rods 7 are held on the end anchorage 9 by these z. B. is provided with holes such as blind holes, in which the ends of the rods 7 engage. Depending on the design, these ends can be glued, screwed or otherwise connected to the end anchor 9. Along the cage, one or more spacers (not shown here) may be provided, via which the rods 7 are held in position on the casing 6.

Der Endverankerung 9 direkt vorgelagert ist die Trennstelle 11, wo das Zugglied 5 für einen Rückbau getrennt werden kann. Zu diesem Zweck ist eine Lösevorrichtung (nicht dargestellt) vorgesehen, die in die Endverankerung 9 integriert oder vorgelagert ist. Die Lösevorrichtung weist z. B. eine Induktionsspule auf, die das Zugglied 2 umgibt und dieses beim Ausbau bis zu dessen Bruch induktiv erwärmt. Die Temperatur, die dazu nötig ist, kann unter dem Schmelzpunkt des Zuggliedes 5 gehalten werden, wenn dieses beim Erwärmungsvorgang genügend vorgespannt ist, typischerweise mit einer Kraft, die mindestens 10 %, bevorzugt mindestens 25 % und besonders bevorzugt mindestens 50 % der Bruchkraft des Zuggliedes 5 bei 0 Grad Celsius entspricht.The end anchor 9 is directly upstream of the separation point 11, where the tension member 5 can be separated for a deconstruction. For this purpose, a release device (not shown) is provided, which is integrated in the end anchorage 9 or upstream. The release device has z. Example, an induction coil, which surrounds the tension member 2 and this inductively heated during removal to the break. The temperature needed for that is, can be kept below the melting point of the tension member 5, if this is sufficiently biased during the heating process, typically with a force corresponding to at least 10%, preferably at least 25% and more preferably at least 50% of the tensile strength of the tension member 5 at 0 degrees Celsius ,

Zum Bestromen der Induktionsspule dient ein (nicht dargestellter) Frequenzumformer, beispielsweise ein statischer Frequenzumformer, der über ein entlang der Verrohrung 6 (innen- und/oder aussenseitig) verlaufendes Energieversorgungskabel (nicht dargestellt) an die Induktionsspule anschliessbar ist. Diese ist vorzugsweise durch eine Wicklung gebildet, die ein- oder mehrlagig ist und aus einem Kabel besteht.The induction coil is powered by a frequency converter (not shown), for example a static frequency converter, which can be connected to the induction coil via a power supply cable (not shown) running along the casing 6 (inside and / or outside). This is preferably formed by a winding which is single or multi-layered and consists of a cable.

Vorzugsweise verläuft die Induktionsspule beabstandet um das Zugglied 5, um so zu verhindern, dass die Hitze, welche im Zugglied 5 beim Erwärmungsvorgang entsteht, zu einem Schmelzen der elektrischen Isolation der Induktionsspule und somit zu einem elektrischen Kurschluss führt. Die Induktionsspule kann z. B. auf oder in einem Rohrstück angeordnet sein, durch welches hindurch das Zugglied 2 verläuft.Preferably, the induction coil is spaced around the tension member 5 so as to prevent the heat generated in the tension member 5 during the heating process from melting the electrical insulation of the induction coil and thus electrical short circuiting. The induction coil can, for. B. be arranged on or in a pipe section through which the tension member 2 extends.

Fig. 2 zeigt einen Schnitt durch den Anker auf der freien Länge Lfr mit dem in der Verrohrung 6 geführten Zugglied 5 im Bohrloch 2 im Baugrund 1. Es ist hier ein Zugglied 5 mit vier Zugelementen dargestellt. Wie oben erläutert, können auch nur ein, zwei oder mehr Zugelemente vorgesehen sein. Fig. 2 shows a section through the anchor on the free length Lfr with the guided in the piping 6 tension member 5 in the hole 2 in the ground 1. It is shown here a tension member 5 with four tension elements. As explained above, only one, two or more tension elements can be provided.

Fig. 3 zeigt einen Schnitt durch das Druckrohr 12, das den Ringspalt zwischen der Wand des Bohrloches 2 im Baugrund 1 und der Verrohrung 6 des Zuggliedes 5 ausfüllt und sich hier aus den Stäben 7, der Umschnürungsarmierung 8 und dem Injektionsmörtel 10 zusammensetzt. Fig. 3 shows a section through the pressure tube 12, which fills the annular gap between the wall of the borehole 2 in the ground 1 and the casing 6 of the tension member 5 and here composed of the rods 7, the Umschnürungsarmierung 8 and the injection mortar 10.

Die Umschnürungsarmierung 8, falls vorhanden, ist aus einem oder mehreren Umschnürungselementen gebildet, die um die Stäbe 7 z. B. spiralförmig gewickelt sind. Ein Umschnürungselement kann in Form eines Drahtes, Bandes oder dergleichen ausgebildet sein und vorzugsweise aus einem Material gefertigt sein, welches sich auch zur Fertigung der Stäbe 7 eignet. Es ist denkbar, mehrere Umschnürungselemente vorzusehen, die jeweils nur einen Teilbereich der Stäbe 7 umgeben, so dass sich eine segmentierte Umschnürungsarmierung 8 ergibt. So sind in der Fig. 1 drei Teilbereiche der Stäbe 7 zu sehen, die jeweils durch ein Umschnürungselement der Umschnürungsarmierung 8 umwickelt sind.The Umschnürungsarmierung 8, if present, is formed of one or more Umschnürungselementen about the rods 7 z. B. are wound spirally. A Umschnürungselement may be in the form of a wire, tape or the like, and preferably from a Material to be made, which is also suitable for the production of the rods 7. It is conceivable to provide a plurality of strapping elements, each of which surrounds only a portion of the bars 7, so that a segmented strapping reinforcement 8 results. So are in the Fig. 1 To see three portions of the rods 7, which are each wrapped by a Umschnürungselement the Umschnürungsarmierung 8.

In Fig. 3 sind sechs Stäbe 7 dargestellt. Je nach Auslegung kann die Anzahl der Stäbe 7 auch anders sein und zwei, drei oder mehr betragen. Vorzugsweise sind die Stäbe 7 symmetrisch um das Zentrum herum angeordnet, so dass in Umfangsrichtung gesehen jeweils der Winkel zwischen zwei benachbarten Stäben 7 gleich ist.In Fig. 3 six bars 7 are shown. Depending on the design, the number of rods 7 may also be different and be two, three or more. Preferably, the rods 7 are arranged symmetrically around the center, so that in the circumferential direction, in each case the angle between two adjacent bars 7 is the same.

Die Stäbe 7 können alle gleich lang sein oder es ist auch denkbar, zumindest zwei Stäbe 7 vorzusehen, die unterschiedlich lang sind. Je nach der gewählten Länge weist das Ende des Käfigs, welche die Stabenden definieren, eine andere Form auf. Sind die Stäbe 7 z.B. gleichlang, enden sie auf einer Ebene, die senkrecht zur Erstreckungsrichtung des Käfigs liegt. Dessen Ende weist somit eine gerade Form auf. Bei unterschiedlicher Länge der Stäbe 7 hat das Ende des Käfigs eine spitzzulaufende, abgeschrägte oder auch andere Form.The rods 7 can all be the same length or it is also conceivable to provide at least two rods 7 which are of different lengths. Depending on the selected length, the end of the cage defining the bar ends has a different shape. If the rods 7 are e.g. the same length, they end on a plane that is perpendicular to the extension direction of the cage. Its end thus has a straight shape. With different lengths of the rods 7, the end of the cage has a tapered, bevelled or other shape.

Demnach kann die Länge der Stäbe 7 entsprechend der jeweils noch abzutragenden Kräfte einfach abgestuft werden.Accordingly, the length of the rods 7 can be easily graded in accordance with the forces still to be removed.

Alternativ oder ergänzend ist es denkbar, Stäbe 7 zu verwenden, deren Querschnitt entlang des Käfigs variiert, z. B. in Richtung zum luftseitigen Ende des Käfigs abnimmt.Alternatively or additionally, it is conceivable to use rods 7 whose cross-section varies along the cage, z. B. decreases towards the air side end of the cage.

Allgemein ist es möglich, die Länge und Form der einzelnen Stäbe 7 so zu wählen, dass die Summe der Querschnittsflächen der Stäbe 7 in Richtung zum luftseitigen Ende des Käfigs hin abnimmt. Nach dem Setzen des Ankers ist somit ein Druckrohr bereitstellbar, das für eine Abnahme des Kräfteabbaus in Richtung zum Ankerkopf hin ausgelegt ist.In general, it is possible to choose the length and shape of the individual rods 7 such that the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the rods 7 decreases towards the air-side end of the cage. After setting the anchor thus a pressure tube is provided, which is designed for a decrease in the force reduction in the direction of the anchor head.

Vorzugsweise weist der jeweilige Stab 7 eines oder mehrere der folgenden Merkmale auf:

  • der Stab ist einteilig ausgebildet,
  • die Länge beträgt mindestens 0.5 m, bevorzugt mindestens 1 m, besonders bevorzugt mindestens 1.5 m,
  • der Querschnitt beträgt mindestens 10 mm2, bevorzugt mindestens 20 mm2,
  • der Querschnitt ist ein Vollquerschnitt,
  • der Querschnitt ist rund, bevorzugt kreisrund.
Preferably, the respective rod 7 has one or more of the following features:
  • the rod is formed in one piece,
  • the length is at least 0.5 m, preferably at least 1 m, particularly preferably at least 1.5 m,
  • the cross-section is at least 10 mm 2 , preferably at least 20 mm 2 ,
  • the cross section is a solid cross section,
  • the cross section is round, preferably circular.

Die Stäbe 7 bestehen bevorzugt aus Werkstoffen hoher Druckfestigkeit bei vergleichsweise niedrigem spezifischen Gewicht, so dass das Gewicht des Ankers für Transport und Handling auf der Baustelle nicht unerwünscht erhöht wird.The rods 7 are preferably made of materials of high compressive strength at a relatively low specific weight, so that the weight of the anchor for transport and handling on the site is not undesirably increased.

Die Stäbe 7 bestehen bevorzugt aus Werkstoffen mit niedriger Kerbschlagzähigkeit. Besonders bevorzugt ist diese so niedrig, dass die Stäbe 7 im Falle von künftigen Bauarbeiten durch Baumaschinen oder Rammarbeiten auf ihrer gesamten Länge an beliebiger Stelle und damit insgesamt möglichst vollständig leicht zerstörbar sind.The rods 7 are preferably made of materials with low impact strength. Particularly preferably, this is so low that the rods 7 in the case of future construction work by construction machinery or pile driving over their entire length at any point and thus as completely as possible are easily completely destroyed.

Die Kerbschlagzähigkeit lässt sich z. B. angeben als Kerbschlagenergieverbrauch (in Joule) ermittelt nach dem Kerbschlagbiegeversuch nach Charpy gemäss der Norm DIN EN ISO 148-1 für metallische Werkstoffe bzw. gemäss der Norm EN ISO 179-1 für Kunststoffe. Bei anderen Werkstoffen, die verschieden von Metall und Kunststoff sind, wird z. B. anhand eines Zugversuches ermittelt, ob sich der Werkstoff plastisch verformen lässt, bevor er bricht. Ist dies nicht der Fall, so liegt ein sprödes Material vor, bei welchem keine Kerbschlagzähigkeit gegeben ist. Ein derartiges Material ist beispielsweise Keramik.The notched impact strength can be z. B. Specified as notched energy consumption (in joules) determined by the impact test according to Charpy according to the standard DIN EN ISO 148-1 for metallic materials or according to the standard EN ISO 179-1 for plastics. For other materials that are different from metal and plastic, z. B. determined by a tensile test, whether the material can be plastically deformed before it breaks. If this is not the case, then there is a brittle material in which no impact strength is given. Such a material is for example ceramic.

Soweit nicht anders vermerkt, gelten die hier angegebenen Werte für den Kerbschlagenergieverbrauch für folgende Versuchsparameter:

  • für die Norm DIN EN ISO 148-1:
    • Probe ist 55 mm lang und hat einen quadratischen Querschnitt mit 10 mm Seitenlänge
    • Probe mit V-Kerb in der Mitte der Probenlänge (Kerbwinkel von 45 Grad, Kerbtiefe von 2 mm, Kerbradius 0.25 mm)
    • Radius der Hammerfinne: 2 mm
    • Nennarbeitsvermögen des Pendelschlagwerkes: 300 J
    • Prüftemperatur: 23 Grad Celsius
  • für die Norm EN ISO 179-1:
    • Probe ist 80 mm lang, 10 mm breit und 4 mm dick
    • Stützweite (Länge zwischen den Widerlagern): 62 mm
    • Probe mit V-Kerb in der Mitte der Probenlänge (Kerbwinkel von 45 Grad, Restbreite im Kerbgrund 8 mm, Kerbradius 0.25 mm)
    • Schlagrichtung: schmalseitig
    • Radius der Hammerfinne: 2 mm
    • Nennarbeitsvermögen des Pendelschlagwerkes: 300 J
    • Prüftemperatur: 23 Grad Celsius
Unless otherwise stated, the values given here for the impact energy consumption apply to the following test parameters:
  • for the standard DIN EN ISO 148-1:
    • Sample is 55 mm long and has a square cross section with 10 mm side length
    • Sample with V-notch in the middle of the sample length (notch angle of 45 degrees, notch depth of 2 mm, notch radius 0.25 mm)
    • Radius of the hammer fin: 2 mm
    • Nominal working capacity of the pendulum impact tester: 300 J
    • Test temperature: 23 degrees Celsius
  • for the standard EN ISO 179-1:
    • Sample is 80 mm long, 10 mm wide and 4 mm thick
    • Support width (length between the abutments): 62 mm
    • Sample with V-notch in the middle of the sample length (notch angle of 45 degrees, residual width in the notch base 8 mm, notch radius 0.25 mm)
    • Direction of impact: narrow side
    • Radius of the hammer fin: 2 mm
    • Nominal working capacity of the pendulum impact tester: 300 J
    • Test temperature: 23 degrees Celsius

Der Werkstoff für die Stäbe weist typischerweise einen Kerbschlagenergieverbrauch auf, der höchstens 10 J beträgt, bevorzugt höchstens 5 J, besonders bevorzugt höchstens 2 J. Er ist damit niedriger als z. B. jener für Baustahl wie S235 und S355, der typischerweise einen Wert von 27 J aufweist.The material for the rods typically has a notched impact energy consumption which is at most 10 J, preferably at most 5 J, particularly preferably at most 2 J. It is thus lower than z. Such as those for structural steel such as S235 and S355, which typically has a value of 27 J.

Die Stäbe 7 bestehen bevorzugt aus Werkstoffen, die sich, mit entsprechend gewählten Spannungsquerschnitten, auf gebräuchliche Transporttrommeln (Ø ca. 1.2 m) oder körperlos aufwickeln lassen.The rods 7 are preferably made of materials that, with appropriately selected voltage cross-sections, can be wound up on conventional transport drums (Ø approx. 1.2 m) or bodylessly.

Die Stäbe 7 bestehen bevorzugt aus Werkstoffen, die ohne weitere Schutzmassnahmen über einen Zeitraum von mindestens 5 Jahren den vom Baugrund ausgehenden üblichen korrosiven Angriffen standhalten.The rods 7 are preferably made of materials that withstand without further protective measures over a period of at least 5 years emanating from the ground normal corrosive attacks.

Vorzugsweise bestehen die Stäbe 7 nicht aus Baustahl wie S235 und S355. Geeignete Materialien für die Stäbe sind:

  • nicht-metallischer Werkstoff, vorzugsweise Keramikwerkstoff oder Kunststoff, besonders bevorzugt kohlenstofffaserverstärkter Kunststoff,
  • Gusseisen, bevorzugt Grauguss.
Preferably, the rods 7 are not made of structural steel such as S235 and S355. Suitable materials for the bars are:
  • non-metallic material, preferably ceramic material or plastic, particularly preferably carbon fiber-reinforced plastic,
  • Cast iron, preferably gray cast iron.

Stäbe 7 in Form von Kunststoffstäben, insbesondere kohlenstofffaserverstärkten Kunststoffstäben (CFK) bringen neben der leichten Zerstörbarkeit auch Vorteile bezüglich Gewicht und Aufrollbarkeit der Anker für den Transport mit sich.Rods 7 in the form of plastic rods, in particular carbon fiber reinforced plastic rods (CFRP) bring in addition to the easy destructability also advantages in terms of weight and Aufrollbarkeit the anchor for transport with it.

Das Druckrohr 12 kann so ausgelegt werden, dass es bei künftigen Bauarbeiten, obschon es aus einem Stück besteht und nicht in Segmente aufgeteilt ist, auf seiner gesamten Länge an beliebiger Stelle und damit insgesamt vollständig, leicht zerstörbar ist.The pressure tube 12 may be designed to be easily destructible in any future construction work, even though it is a one piece piece and is not segmented, over its entire length at any location and therefore as a whole.

Nach Versetzen des Ankers ist ein Druckrohr 12 bereitgestellt, welches aus einem Verbundquerschnitt besteht umfassend Injektionsmörtel 10, Stäbe 7 und falls erforderlich weitere Elementen, wie einer Umschnürungsarmierung 8 und/oder Distanzhalter.After the anchor has been displaced, a pressure tube 12 is provided, which consists of a composite cross-section comprising injection mortar 10, rods 7 and, if necessary, further elements, such as a tie-up reinforcement 8 and / or spacers.

Das Druckrohr 12 ist in seiner Längsrichtung nicht in Segmente unterteilt; dadurch ist gewährleistet, dass die Verschiebungsmessungen bei den Ankerversuchen und Spannproben nicht durch das Aufheben von Spiel zwischen Segmenten verfälscht werden.The pressure tube 12 is not divided into segments in its longitudinal direction; This ensures that the displacement measurements in the anchor tests and clamping samples are not distorted by canceling clearance between segments.

Der zwischen der Verrohrung 6 des Zuggliedes 5 und der Bohrlochwand nach dem Versetzen des Ankers eingebrachte Injektionsmörtel 10 ist integraler Bestandteil dieses Druckrohres 12.The introduced between the casing 6 of the tension member 5 and the borehole wall after the displacement of the anchor injection mortar 10 is an integral part of this pressure tube 12th

Die auf dem Umfang des Ringspaltes zwischen der Verrohrung 6 des Zuggliedes 5 und der Bohrlochwand angeordneten Stäbe 7 übernehmen die Funktion einer Druckarmierung.The arranged on the circumference of the annular gap between the casing 6 of the tension member 5 and the borehole wall bars 7 take over the function of a pressure armor.

Aus der vorangehenden Beschreibung sind dem Fachmann zahlreiche Abwandlungen zugänglich, ohne den Schutzbereich der Erfindung zu verlassen, der durch die Ansprüche definiert ist.From the foregoing description, numerous modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention, which is defined by the claims.

So ist es auch möglich, weitere hier nicht erwähnte Werkstoffe mit den vorgesehenen Eigenschaften für die Stäbe einzusetzen.So it is also possible to use other materials not mentioned here with the intended properties for the rods.

Anstelle oder ergänzend zur Umschnürungsarmierung 8 können auch andere Elemente vorgesehen sein, um die Stäbe miteinander zu verbinden. Beispielsweise können die Stäbe durch Querstäbe verbunden sein, wodurch sich ein Gitter ergibt. Dieses kann ein- oder mehrmals um die Verrohrung 6 herum verlaufend angeordnet sein.Instead of or in addition to Umschnürungsarmierung 8, other elements may be provided to connect the rods together. For example, the bars may be connected by crossbars, resulting in a grid. This may be arranged once or several times around the casing 6 running around.

Zur Fertigung der Querstäbe sind dieselben Materialien geeignet wie für die Stäbe. Vorzugsweise bestehen Stäbe und Querstäbe aus demselben Material.For the production of the cross bars the same materials are suitable as for the bars. Preferably, rods and cross bars are made of the same material.

Es ist auch denkbar, bereits vor dem Einbau des Ankers den Käfig aus Stäben 7 in einem Einbettungsrohr einzubetten, das beispielsweise aus Zementmörtel gefertigt ist und einen kleineren Durchmesser aufweist als das Bohrloch. Nach dem Versetzen des Ankers wird Zementmörtel in den Spalt injiziert, der zwischen der Bohrlochwand und dem Einbettungsrohr und somit zwischen der Bohrlochwand und der Verrohrung 6 angeordnet ist. Es wird dadurch ein Druckrohr gebildet, welches die Stäbe 7, das Einbettungsrohr und den Ring aus im Bohrloch injiziertem Zementmörtel umfasst. Auch hier dienen die Stäbe 7 als Armierung des Druckrohres.It is also conceivable to embed the cage of rods 7 in an embedding pipe, which is made of cement mortar, for example, and has a smaller diameter than the borehole prior to the installation of the anchor. After the anchor has been displaced, cement grout is injected into the gap located between the borehole wall and the embedding pipe and thus between the borehole wall and the casing 6. It is thereby formed a pressure tube comprising the rods 7, the embedding tube and the ring of injected cement mortar in the well. Again, the rods 7 serve as a reinforcement of the pressure tube.

Bezugszeichenreference numeral

11
BaugrundBuilding
22
Bohrlochwell
33
Boden- und/oder FelsankerGround and / or rock anchors
44
Ankerkopfanchor head
55
Zuggliedtension member
66
Verrohrungpiping
77
Stäberods
88th
UmschnürungsarmierungUmschnürungsarmierung
99
Endverankerungend anchorage
1010
Injektionsmörtelgrout
1111
Trennstelle des ZuggliedesSeparation point of the tension member
1212
Druckrohrpressure pipe

Claims (13)

Anker zur Verankerung im Boden und/oder Felsen mit rückbaubarem Zugglied (5), welches freispielend in einer Verrohrung (6) verläuft und in einer Endverankerung (9) gehalten ist, und mit einer Lösevorrichtung zum Lösen des Zuggliedes aus der Endverankerung beim Ausbau, dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass der Anker einen um die Verrohrung (6) angeordneten Käfig aus Stäben (7) umfasst, welche durchgehend von der Endverankerung (9) bis zu ihrem jeweiligen Stabende verlaufen, wobei die Stabenden das der Endverankerung (9) gegenüberliegende Ende des Käfigs definieren und wobei die Stäbe (7) als Armierung eines Druckrohres (12) dienen, das zum Einleiten der Ankerkraft in den Baugrund (1) bildbar ist, indem zwischen der Verrohrung (6) des Zuggliedes (5) und der Bohrlochwand nach dem Versetzen des Ankers Zementmörtel injizierbar ist.Anchor for anchoring in the ground and / or rock with removable tension member (5), which is free-running in a casing (6) and is held in an end anchorage (9), and with a release device for releasing the tension member from the final anchor during removal, thereby characterized in that the armature comprises a cage (7) arranged around the casing (6) and running continuously from the end anchor (9) to its respective bar end, the bar ends defining the end of the cage opposite the end anchorage (9) and wherein the rods (7) serve as reinforcement of a pressure tube (12) which is formable for introducing the anchor force into the ground (1) by interposing between the casing (6) of the tension member (5) and the borehole wall after displacement of the Ankers cement mortar is injectable. Anker nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Stäbe (7) aus einem Werkstoff mit einer Kerbschlagzähigkeit bestehen, die kleiner als jene von Baustahl ist, bevorzugt beträgt der Kerbschlagenergieverbrauch ermittelt nach dem Kerbschlagbiegeversuch nach Charpy höchstens 10 J, besonders bevorzugt höchstens 5 J und/oder höchstens 2 J.Anchor according to claim 1, wherein the bars (7) consist of a material having a notched impact strength smaller than that of structural steel, preferably the notch impact energy consumption determined by the Charpy impact test is not more than 10 J, particularly preferably not more than 5 J and / or at most 2 years Anker nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der jeweilige Stab (7) einen der folgenden Werkstoffe umfasst, bevorzugt besteht er nur aus einem der folgenden Werkstoffe: - Werkstoff, der verschieden von Baustahl ist, - nicht-metallischer Werkstoff, vorzugsweise Keramikwerkstoff oder Kunststoff, besonders bevorzugt kohlenstofffaserverstärkter Kunststoff, - Gusseisen, bevorzugt Grauguss. Anchor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the respective rod (7) comprises one of the following materials, preferably it consists only of one of the following materials: - material that is different from structural steel, non-metallic material, preferably ceramic material or plastic, particularly preferably carbon fiber-reinforced plastic, - Cast iron, preferably gray cast iron. Anker nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stäbe (7) von einer Umschnürungsarmierung (8) umfasst sind.Anchor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rods (7) are surrounded by a Umschnürungsarmierung (8). Anker nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der jeweilige Stab (7) mindestens eines, bevorzugt alle der folgenden Merkmale aufweist: - der Stab ist einteilig ausgebildet, - die Länge beträgt mindestens 0.5 m, bevorzugt mindestens 1 m, besonders bevorzugt mindestens 1.5 m, - der Querschnitt ist ein Vollquerschnitt, - der Querschnitt ist rund, bevorzugt kreisrund. Anchor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the respective bar (7) has at least one, preferably all, of the following features: - The rod is formed in one piece, the length is at least 0.5 m, preferably at least 1 m, particularly preferably at least 1.5 m, the cross section is a solid cross section, - The cross section is round, preferably circular. Anker nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stäbe (7) gleichmässig um das Zugglied (5) herum angeordnet sind und/oder dass mindestens zwei, bevorzugt mindestens drei und besonders bevorzugt mindestens vier Stäbe (7) vorgesehen sind.Anchor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rods (7) are arranged uniformly around the tension member (5) and / or that at least two, preferably at least three, and more preferably at least four rods (7) are provided. Anker nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei alle Stäbe (7) gleich lang sind oder zumindest zwei Stäbe (7) unterschiedlich lang sind.Anchor according to one of the preceding claims, wherein all bars (7) are of equal length or at least two bars (7) are of different lengths. Anker nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Summe der Querschnittsflächen der Stäbe (7) in Richtung von der Endverankerung (9) zum dazu gegenüberliegenden Ende des Käfigs hin abnimmt.An anchor according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the bars (7) decreases in the direction from the end anchor (9) towards the opposite end of the cage. Anker nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Bildung eines Gitters die Stäbe (7) durch Querstäbe verbunden sind, wobei das Gitter ein- oder mehrmals um die Verrohrung (6) verläuft.Anchor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bars (7) are connected by transverse bars to form a grid, the grid extending one or more times around the casing (6). Anker nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Lösevorrichtung eine Induktionsspule zum induktiven Erwärmen des Zugglieds (5) umfasst.Anchor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the release device comprises an induction coil for inductive heating of the tension member (5). Anker nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Zugglied (5) ein oder mehrere Einzelelemente umfasst, vorzugweise eine oder mehrere Drahtlitzen.Anchor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tension member (5) comprises one or more individual elements, preferably one or more wire strands. Anker nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass vor dem Versetzen des Ankers im Baugrund (1) der Käfig aus Stäben (7) in einem Rohr eingebettet ist, welches vorzugweise aus Zementmörtel gefertigt ist.Anchor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that before the displacement of the anchor in the ground (1) of the cage of rods (7) is embedded in a tube, which is preferably made of cement mortar. Verfahren zum Versetzen eines Ankers nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei ein Druckrohr (12) gebildet wird, indem Zementmörtel zwischen der Verrohrung (6) des Zuggliedes (5) und der Bohrlochwand injiziert wird.A method of relocating an anchor according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a pressure tube (12) is formed by injecting cement mortar between the casing (6) of the tension member (5) and the borehole wall.
EP16204798.9A 2016-12-16 2016-12-16 Anchor for anchoring in the ground and/or rock with reversible tension member Active EP3336259B1 (en)

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EP3336259A1 true EP3336259A1 (en) 2018-06-20
EP3336259B1 EP3336259B1 (en) 2019-10-16

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110700246A (en) * 2019-09-27 2020-01-17 中冶交通建设集团有限公司 Construction method for cast-in-place pile to penetrate pebble bed
WO2020238501A1 (en) * 2019-05-28 2020-12-03 江苏景源万河环境科技有限公司 Full-assembly pressure-bearing type variable-diameter steel cage expansion head anchor rod pile system

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE8812655U1 (en) * 1988-10-08 1989-03-30 Dyckerhoff & Widmann AG, 8000 München Anchoring device for the rod-shaped tension member of an anchor, in particular a rock anchor
JPH09256360A (en) * 1996-03-25 1997-09-30 Sanshin Kensetsu Kogyo Kk Removable anchor method and device
EP1154077A1 (en) * 2000-05-08 2001-11-14 Reinhard Klöckner Recoverable injection anchor
CH701100B1 (en) * 2007-12-19 2010-11-30 Stahlton Ag Mounting anchor for use in lining for protection of falling masses, particularly in avalanche barriers, comprises anchor head and anchoring unit, where wire is inserted in bore hole in ground or rock
WO2011116483A2 (en) 2010-03-25 2011-09-29 Stahlton Ag Device for an at least partially removable anchor and method for at least partially removing an anchor

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE8812655U1 (en) * 1988-10-08 1989-03-30 Dyckerhoff & Widmann AG, 8000 München Anchoring device for the rod-shaped tension member of an anchor, in particular a rock anchor
JPH09256360A (en) * 1996-03-25 1997-09-30 Sanshin Kensetsu Kogyo Kk Removable anchor method and device
EP1154077A1 (en) * 2000-05-08 2001-11-14 Reinhard Klöckner Recoverable injection anchor
EP1154077B1 (en) 2000-05-08 2010-08-04 Dywidag-Systems International GmbH Recoverable injection anchor
CH701100B1 (en) * 2007-12-19 2010-11-30 Stahlton Ag Mounting anchor for use in lining for protection of falling masses, particularly in avalanche barriers, comprises anchor head and anchoring unit, where wire is inserted in bore hole in ground or rock
WO2011116483A2 (en) 2010-03-25 2011-09-29 Stahlton Ag Device for an at least partially removable anchor and method for at least partially removing an anchor

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020238501A1 (en) * 2019-05-28 2020-12-03 江苏景源万河环境科技有限公司 Full-assembly pressure-bearing type variable-diameter steel cage expansion head anchor rod pile system
CN110700246A (en) * 2019-09-27 2020-01-17 中冶交通建设集团有限公司 Construction method for cast-in-place pile to penetrate pebble bed

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