EP3321423B1 - Anchor arrangement in the ground, ground anchor and procedure for anchoring. - Google Patents

Anchor arrangement in the ground, ground anchor and procedure for anchoring. Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3321423B1
EP3321423B1 EP16198175.8A EP16198175A EP3321423B1 EP 3321423 B1 EP3321423 B1 EP 3321423B1 EP 16198175 A EP16198175 A EP 16198175A EP 3321423 B1 EP3321423 B1 EP 3321423B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ground
anchor
pull element
anchor body
tension element
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EP16198175.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3321423A1 (en
Inventor
Ulli Wiedenmann
Josef Mair
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Bauer Spezialtiefbau GmbH
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Bauer Spezialtiefbau GmbH
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Priority to EP16198175.8A priority Critical patent/EP3321423B1/en
Priority to PCT/EP2017/071642 priority patent/WO2018086781A1/en
Publication of EP3321423A1 publication Critical patent/EP3321423A1/en
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Publication of EP3321423B1 publication Critical patent/EP3321423B1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
    • E02D5/76—Anchorings for bulkheads or sections thereof in as much as specially adapted therefor
    • E02D5/765—Anchorings for bulkheads or sections thereof in as much as specially adapted therefor removable

Definitions

  • the invention further relates to a floor anchor for an anchor arrangement in the floor, with an elongated tension element, to which an anchor body can be firmly connected at a floor-side anchoring section, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention relates to a method for anchoring a floor anchor in the ground, in which a hole is made in the floor, the floor anchor is at least partially introduced into the hole, and an anchor body is then formed on a floor-side anchoring section of an elongated tension element of the floor anchor, according to the preamble of claim 8.
  • Anchor arrangements with ground anchors are used, for example, when anchoring pit walls in the existing ground.
  • the anchor arrangement enables the compressive forces applied to a wall of the excavation pit to be diverted into the rear floor.
  • a hole is first made through the excavation support wall into the rear floor.
  • the hole can be a length of up to 10 m and more.
  • a ground anchor with an elongated tension element made of a steel material is inserted into the bore.
  • An anchoring body is created on a floor-side anchoring section of the tension element by introducing a settable mass into the floor, which is firmly connected to the tension element and the floor after the setting.
  • a tendon can be attached, in particular screwed, to a free head element of the ground anchor.
  • the tensioning element lies against the excavation support wall and can thus apply any compressive forces to the rear floor via the tension element.
  • ground anchors In certain cases it is desirable to dismantle the ground anchors, for example when closing the construction pit. This can be necessary for environmental reasons, for example, if as few residues as possible are to remain in the ground after completion of the construction work, or if the anchors represent obstacles in the adjacent properties. Furthermore, recovery of at least parts of the ground anchor is also resource-saving.
  • ground anchors which are also called expansion anchors.
  • a ground anchor with a tension element which is formed at least in regions from a special ferromagnetic material.
  • the traction element can be heated in a certain section above the Curie temperature of the steel material by means of an electrical heating device, so that the strength of the traction element in the separating section is reduced.
  • the tensile element is separated in the separating section. The separated part of the tension element can be removed from the ground.
  • Such a generic ground anchor is costly to manufacture due to the use of special steels.
  • the tensile element is broken up when it is released and thus partially destroyed.
  • a metallic section remains in the ground.
  • very high temperatures of up to 1000 ° C. and more are necessary for heating metal to a Curie temperature, which requires a correspondingly high energy input.
  • the provision of a correspondingly high amount of electricity at a construction site is often difficult and also problematic from the point of view of occupational safety.
  • tension elements of floor anchors with mechanical separating elements, for example with threaded sections.
  • mechanical separating sections are, however, complex to manufacture and lead to increased costs.
  • detachable thread sections often limit the maximum tensile load that can be applied.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a ground anchor and a method for anchoring with which anchoring is possible in a simple and efficient manner, while at the same time maintaining the possibility of simple detachment.
  • connection with the tension element is formed with a connecting material which firmly connects the tension element to the anchor body at ambient temperature, the connection being releasable at a predetermined release temperature which differs from the ambient temperature.
  • a basic idea of the invention is to provide a special connecting material between the anchor body and the tension element, which considerably reduces its strength at an intended release temperature and so the tension element can be released from the anchor body. It is thus fundamentally possible to completely separate the tension element from the anchor body, so that it can be removed from the floor, preferably with no residues, with an intended release force.
  • the connecting material thus represents an intermediate element between the anchor body, which remains in the ground, and the elongated metallic tension element. When the tension element is completely released, it can be used again later a different anchor arrangement can be used, which considerably reduces the material expenditure and thus the costs for anchoring.
  • a temperature difference between the ambient temperature and the dissolving temperature should preferably be at least 100 ° C or more.
  • the dissolving temperature is preferably achieved by heating. In principle, it is also possible to provide a colder dissolving temperature which is below the ambient temperature.
  • the heating device is to be understood as a cooling device with which a cooling medium is supplied.
  • Another advantage of the invention is that conventional tension elements and floor anchors can be used without these themselves having to be constructed from special materials or steels.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention consists in that the connecting material has a plastic material and / or a metallic material which melts or decomposes at the release temperature.
  • any suitable plastic material can be used for this purpose, which ensures a firm connection between the metallic tension element and the anchoring body at ambient temperatures, which is usually formed from a concrete material.
  • a metal such as tin, or a metallic alloy can also be provided.
  • a mixture of plastic and a metallic material can also be expedient.
  • the connecting material is a polyamide, in particular PA6-I Ultramid B3L.
  • Polyamide is a polymer that allows a good connection between different materials. Polyamide also provides high strength under ambient conditions, i.e. at a temperature of 23 ° C. When the temperature is increased to around 200 ° C, the strength decreases many times over. In a temperature range from approx. 270 ° C, polyamide melts and can decompose at even higher temperatures.
  • a particularly preferred choice of material is the plastic PA6-I Ultramid B3L, which can be obtained from BASF AG. Ultramid is a registered trademark of BASF AG. This material has a tensile strength of 70 MPa at 23 ° C. After tests on a cylindrical tension element with an outer diameter of 1.5 cm with a sleeve-shaped arrangement of the plastic material around the tension element with a wall thickness of 1 cm and an attachment length of 10 cm, the transfer of holding forces of over 98100 N, i.e. a load of about 10 t enables. With a corresponding increase in the connection length of the plastic sleeve to the tension element, even greater tensile and holding forces can be absorbed at an ambient temperature of 23 ° C.
  • the loosening force may be further reduced.
  • heating of such a body made of this plastic material could be achieved relatively quickly, even with a limited heating output of 2000 W.
  • the solution temperature can be reached within less than 10 s. Even in the case of strongly heat-dissipating soil conditions, for example in the presence of water, heating-up times of significantly less than 1 minute can be achieved until loosening is possible with the desired low loosening force.
  • the connecting material is designed as a sleeve, which at least on the bottom side Anchoring section of the tension element is firmly applied.
  • the application can take place in any manner, for example by casting on or in a mechanical manner by pressing.
  • the attachment of a sleeve-shaped connecting material can additionally be supported by means of mechanical stops or molded elements on the tension element and / or on the anchoring body and / or the sleeve body.
  • the heating device is provided at least in the base-side anchoring section of the tension element. This allows a targeted heating of the anchoring section if loosening is desired.
  • the heating device can be designed in any manner.
  • a particularly efficient embodiment is achieved in that the heating device is designed as an electrical heating device.
  • the heating device can have a heating coil in the region of the anchoring section.
  • a particularly simple embodiment can be achieved in that the metallic tension element is used overall as an electrical resistance element for generating electrical heat.
  • an electrical outgoing or return line can be provided in an interior of the tubular tension element.
  • a voltage can thus be applied between two end regions of the tension element, so that a current flows through the tension element at least in sections. This flowing current leads to a corresponding heat generation due to the electrical resistance of the tension element.
  • the tension element can be a tension rod or a tension rope made of a steel material.
  • An inductive heating device can also be provided with an induction coil which has a metallic heating element inductively.
  • the heating element can be embedded in the connecting material.
  • the floor anchor according to the invention is characterized in that at least on the floor-side anchoring section for anchoring to the anchor body, a connecting material is attached which firmly connects the tension element to the anchor body at ambient temperature and the connection to the anchor body is detachable at a predetermined release temperature, which differs from the ambient temperature different.
  • the floor anchor is provided in particular for the anchor arrangement described above. With the ground anchor according to the invention in particular the advantages described above can be achieved.
  • the ground anchor can also be called a removal anchor.
  • the floor anchor can preferably be designed as a grout anchor or a so-called Gewi anchor.
  • the invention is characterized in that at least on the base-side anchoring section of the tension element, a connecting material is attached, which connects the tension element firmly to the anchor body at ambient temperature, that in order to remove the tension element from the floor, at least the bottom-side anchorage section is brought to a release temperature, in which the connection to the anchor body is released and that the tension element is pulled out of the ground.
  • the drilling can be done with a separate drilling tool or by the ground anchor itself.
  • the method according to the invention can in particular be carried out with the previously described floor anchor and the previously described anchor arrangement.
  • loosening the tension element from the anchor body means reaching a considerably reduced strength of the connecting material between the anchor body and the tension element, so that the tension element can be pulled from the anchor body and the floor with a defined release force.
  • a preferred method variant of the invention consists in that the anchor body is introduced into the ground by introducing a hardenable anchoring compound via a feed line along the tension element, the hardenable compound hardening to form the anchor body.
  • the method can be carried out as previously known anchoring methods.
  • the connecting material is applied in any manner, preferably in a sleeve shape, at least to the base-side anchoring section.
  • the flowable anchoring compound is introduced into the region of the bottom-side anchoring section on the tension element via a feed line.
  • a preferably provided pressure application enables the anchoring compound to penetrate into deeper, radially spaced floor areas, so that a relatively large anchoring body is formed in the floor.
  • the curable Mass can in particular be a concrete mass or some other mass with a cement paste.
  • the anchoring section of the tension element can be heated in any manner. Heating could be accomplished via a burner or by chemically generating the thermal energy. According to a further development of the invention, it is particularly efficient for the at least bottom-side anchoring section of the tension element to be heated by means of an electrical heating device. Corresponding connections for an electrical energy source can be provided at the free end of the tension element.
  • the electrical heating device is preferably formed directly by the tension element and / or is only provided on the anchoring section of the tension element.
  • the invention is preferably used to support excavation pit walls.
  • the floor anchor according to the invention can also be used for other purposes, for example in slope stabilization, in tunnels, on floor slabs, etc.
  • a rod-shaped floor anchor 20 is introduced into a bore 7 in the floor 5.
  • the bore 7 can be created by a separate drilling tool or directly through the ground anchor 20 when it is introduced into the ground 5.
  • the floor anchor 20 has a rod-shaped, elongated tension element 22, on the bottom end region of which an anchoring section 24 is arranged.
  • a sleeve 18 is formed from a connecting material 16 along the anchoring section 24.
  • the connecting material 16 is a in the present embodiment special polymer, especially Ultramid.
  • the sleeve 18 represents a connecting element which connects the tension element 22 to an outer annular anchoring body 12.
  • the anchoring body 12 is formed by introducing or injecting a hardenable mass from a surface 6 of the base 5 along the tension element 22 via a feed line.
  • a flowable concrete suspension can be used as an anchoring compound, which hardens after injection into the anchor body 12.
  • the anchor body 12 is fixedly connected to the anchoring section 24 of the tension element 22 under normal ambient conditions via the sleeve 18.
  • the ambient temperature is specified at 23 ° C., the strength values generally also valid for temperatures down to 0 ° C. and below.
  • a tensioning member 26 can be applied, for example via a threaded connection.
  • the tensioning member 26 can thus absorb compressive forces acting on the surface 6 of the floor 5, such as those that arise on construction pit walls, and dissipate them via the tension element 22 and the anchor body 12 into rear areas of the floor 5.
  • the tension element 22 can have a length of several meters, in particular up to 15 m and longer.
  • the floor anchor 20 can be pulled out of the floor 5 in a simple manner, as in FIG Fig. 2 is shown.
  • the tension element 22 of the floor anchor 20 is heated from the ambient temperature to a release temperature of, for example, 220 ° C., at least in the area of the anchoring section 24, by means of a heating device (not shown).
  • the heating device can be an electrical heating coil or the metallic tension element 22 itself, electrical energy being supplied from a surface 6 of the base 5 via line connections (not shown).
  • the strength of the connecting material 16 decreases considerably, approximately to 10% of the original strength at ambient temperature.
  • a release or pull-out force is applied in a defined manner, the sleeve 18 made of the polymer or connecting material 16 is destroyed.
  • Connecting material 16 can remain on an inner side of the annular anchor body 12 as well as on an outer side of the tension element 22.
  • the tension element 22 detached from the anchor body 12 can thus be pulled out of the base 5 relatively easily.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin einen Bodenanker für eine Ankeranordnung im Boden, mit einem länglichen Zugelement, an welchen an einem bodenseitigen Verankerungsabschnitt ein Ankerkörper fest verbindbar ist, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention further relates to a floor anchor for an anchor arrangement in the floor, with an elongated tension element, to which an anchor body can be firmly connected at a floor-side anchoring section, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Des Weiteren betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Verankern eines Bodenankers im Boden, bei dem eine Bohrung in dem Boden erstellt wird, der Bodenanker zumindest teilweise in die Bohrung eingebracht wird und anschließend ein Ankerkörper an einem bodenseitigen Verankerungsabschnitt eines länglichen Zugelementes des Bodenankers ausgebildet wird, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 8.Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for anchoring a floor anchor in the ground, in which a hole is made in the floor, the floor anchor is at least partially introduced into the hole, and an anchor body is then formed on a floor-side anchoring section of an elongated tension element of the floor anchor, according to the preamble of claim 8.

Ankeranordnungen mit Bodenankern werden beispielsweise bei einer Rückverankerung von Baugrubenwänden im anstehenden Boden verwendet. Durch die Ankeranordnung können so die auf eine Baugrubenwand anstehenden Druckkräfte in den rückwärtigen Boden abgeleitet werden.Anchor arrangements with ground anchors are used, for example, when anchoring pit walls in the existing ground. The anchor arrangement enables the compressive forces applied to a wall of the excavation pit to be diverted into the rear floor.

Zum Ausbilden einer Ankeranordnung wird zunächst eine Bohrung durch die Baugrubenstützwand in den rückwärtigen Boden erstellt. Die Bohrung kann eine Länge von bis zu 10 m und mehr aufweisen. In die Bohrung wird ein Bodenanker mit einem länglichen Zugelement aus einem Stahlmaterial eingebracht. An einem bodenseitigen Verankerungsabschnitt des Zugelementes wird durch Einbringen einer abbindbaren Masse im Boden ein Verankerungskörper erstellt, welcher nach dem Abbinden fest mit dem Zugelement und dem Boden verbunden ist. Nach Aushärten des Verankerungskörpers kann an einem freien Kopfelement des Bodenankers ein Spannglied aufgesetzt, insbesondere aufgeschraubt werden. Das Spannelement liegt an der Baugrubenstützwand an und kann so anstehende Druckkräfte über das Zugelement in den rückwärtigen Boden einleiten.To form an anchor arrangement, a hole is first made through the excavation support wall into the rear floor. The hole can be a length of up to 10 m and more. A ground anchor with an elongated tension element made of a steel material is inserted into the bore. An anchoring body is created on a floor-side anchoring section of the tension element by introducing a settable mass into the floor, which is firmly connected to the tension element and the floor after the setting. After the anchoring body has hardened, a tendon can be attached, in particular screwed, to a free head element of the ground anchor. The tensioning element lies against the excavation support wall and can thus apply any compressive forces to the rear floor via the tension element.

In bestimmten Fällen ist es gewünscht, etwa beim Schließen der Baugrube, die Bodenanker rückzubauen. Dies kann etwa aus Umweltschutzgründen geboten sein, wenn möglichst wenige Rückstände nach Abschluss der Bauarbeiten in Boden verbleiben sollen, oder wenn die Verankerungen Hindernisse in den angrenzenden Grundstücken darstellen. Weiterhin ist eine Rückgewinnung zumindest von Teilen des Bodenankers auch ressourcenschonend.In certain cases it is desirable to dismantle the ground anchors, for example when closing the construction pit. This can be necessary for environmental reasons, for example, if as few residues as possible are to remain in the ground after completion of the construction work, or if the anchors represent obstacles in the adjacent properties. Furthermore, recovery of at least parts of the ground anchor is also resource-saving.

Im Stand der Technik sind zumindest teilweise ausbaufähige Bodenanker bekannt, welche auch Ausbauanker genannt werden. So beschreibt die EP 0 583 725 A1 einen Bodenanker mit einem Zugelement, welches zumindest bereichsweise aus einem speziellen ferromagnetischen Material gebildet ist. Über eine elektrische Heizeinrichtung kann das Zugelement in einem bestimmten Abschnitt über die Curietemperatur des Stahlmaterials hinaus erhitzt werden, so dass sich die Festigkeit des Zugelementes im Trennabschnitt vermindert. Bei Anlage einer entsprechenden Zuglösekraft wird das Zugelement im Trennabschnitt abgetrennt. Der abgetrennte Teil des Zugelementes kann so aus dem Boden entfernt werden.In the prior art at least partially removable ground anchors are known, which are also called expansion anchors. So describes the EP 0 583 725 A1 a ground anchor with a tension element, which is formed at least in regions from a special ferromagnetic material. The traction element can be heated in a certain section above the Curie temperature of the steel material by means of an electrical heating device, so that the strength of the traction element in the separating section is reduced. When a corresponding tensile release force is applied, the tensile element is separated in the separating section. The separated part of the tension element can be removed from the ground.

Ein derartiger gattungsgemäßer Bodenanker ist aufgrund der Verwendung besonderer Stähle kostenaufwändig in der Herstellung. Zudem wird das Zugelement beim Lösen zerteilt und damit teilweise zerstört. Es verbleibt ein metallischer Abschnitt weiterhin im Boden. Des Weiteren sind zum Erhitzen von Metall auf eine Curietemperatur ganz erhebliche Temperaturen von bis zu 1000°C und mehr notwendig, was eine entsprechend hohe Energieaufbringung bedingt. Die Bereitstellung einer entsprechend hohen Strommenge an einer Baustelle ist oftmals schwierig und auch unter dem Gesichtspunkt der Arbeitssicherheit problematisch.Such a generic ground anchor is costly to manufacture due to the use of special steels. In addition, the tensile element is broken up when it is released and thus partially destroyed. A metallic section remains in the ground. Furthermore, very high temperatures of up to 1000 ° C. and more are necessary for heating metal to a Curie temperature, which requires a correspondingly high energy input. The provision of a correspondingly high amount of electricity at a construction site is often difficult and also problematic from the point of view of occupational safety.

Ähnliche Ausbauanker mit einer Heizeinrichtung zur Festigkeitsreduzierung eines speziellen metallischen Abschnitts des Zugelementes gehen auch aus der DE 195 00 091 C1 oder der CH 603 915 A5 hervor.Similar expansion anchors with a heating device to reduce the strength of a special metallic section of the tension element also come from the DE 195 00 091 C1 or the CH 603 915 A5 out.

Weiterhin ist es bekannt, Zugelemente von Bodenankern mit mechanischen Trennelementen, etwa mit Gewindeabschnitten zu versehen. Derartige mechanische Trennabschnitte sind jedoch fertigungstechnisch aufwändig und führen zu erhöhten Kosten. Zudem stellen etwa lösbare Gewindeabschnitte häufig eine Begrenzung der maximal aufbringbaren Zugbelastung dar.Furthermore, it is known to provide tension elements of floor anchors with mechanical separating elements, for example with threaded sections. Such mechanical separating sections are, however, complex to manufacture and lead to increased costs. In addition, detachable thread sections often limit the maximum tensile load that can be applied.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Bodenanker sowie ein Verfahren zum Verankern anzugeben, mit welchen in einer einfachen und effizienten Weise ein Verankern möglich ist, wobei gleichzeitig die Möglichkeit zu einem einfachen Lösen gewahrt wird.The invention is based on the object of specifying a ground anchor and a method for anchoring with which anchoring is possible in a simple and efficient manner, while at the same time maintaining the possibility of simple detachment.

Die Aufgabe wird nach der Erfindung durch einen Bodenanker mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 beziehungsweise ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 8 gelöst. Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben.The object is achieved according to the invention by a floor anchor with the features of claim 1 or a method with the features of claim 8. Preferred embodiments are specified in the dependent claims.

Bei einer Ankeranordnung ist vorgesehen, dass die Verbindung mit dem Zugelement mit einem Verbindungsmaterial gebildet ist, welches bei Umgebungstemperatur das Zugelement fest mit dem Ankerkörper verbindet, wobei die Verbindung bei einer vorgegebenen Lösetemperatur die lösbar ist, welche sich von der Umgebungstemperatur unterscheidet.In the case of an anchor arrangement it is provided that the connection with the tension element is formed with a connecting material which firmly connects the tension element to the anchor body at ambient temperature, the connection being releasable at a predetermined release temperature which differs from the ambient temperature.

Eine Grundidee der Erfindung besteht darin, zwischen dem Ankerkörper und dem Zugelement ein spezielles Verbindungsmaterial vorzusehen, welches bei einer vorgesehenen Lösetemperatur seine Festigkeit erheblich reduziert und so das Zugelement vom Ankerkörper gelöst werden kann. Somit ist es grundsätzlich möglich, das Zugelement insgesamt vom Ankerkörper zu trennen, so dass dieses vorzugsweise rückstandsfrei aus dem Boden mit einer vorgesehenen Lösekraft entfernt werden kann. Das Verbindungsmaterial stellt somit ein Zwischenelement zwischen dem Ankerkörper, welcher im Boden verbleibt, und dem länglichen metallischen Zugelement dar. Bei einem vollständigen Lösen des Zugelementes kann dieses später wieder für eine andere Ankeranordnung eingesetzt werden, was den Materialaufwand und damit die Kosten für eine Verankerung erheblich reduziert.A basic idea of the invention is to provide a special connecting material between the anchor body and the tension element, which considerably reduces its strength at an intended release temperature and so the tension element can be released from the anchor body. It is thus fundamentally possible to completely separate the tension element from the anchor body, so that it can be removed from the floor, preferably with no residues, with an intended release force. The connecting material thus represents an intermediate element between the anchor body, which remains in the ground, and the elongated metallic tension element. When the tension element is completely released, it can be used again later a different anchor arrangement can be used, which considerably reduces the material expenditure and thus the costs for anchoring.

Ein Temperaturunterschied zwischen der Umgebungstemperatur und der Lösetemperatur sollte vorzugsweise mindestens 100°C oder mehr betragen. Vorzugsweise wird die Lösetemperatur durch Erhitzen erzielt. Es ist grundsätzlich auch möglich, eine kältere Lösetemperatur vorzusehen, welche unterhalb der Umgebungstemperatur liegt. In diesem Fall ist die Heizeinrichtung als eine Kühleinrichtung zu verstehen, mit welcher ein Kühlmedium zugeführt wird.A temperature difference between the ambient temperature and the dissolving temperature should preferably be at least 100 ° C or more. The dissolving temperature is preferably achieved by heating. In principle, it is also possible to provide a colder dissolving temperature which is below the ambient temperature. In this case, the heating device is to be understood as a cooling device with which a cooling medium is supplied.

Kunststoffe können bei niedrigen Temperaturen unter 0°C verspröden und so ihre Festigkeit verlieren.At low temperatures, plastics can become brittle and lose their strength.

Ein weiterer Vorteil der Erfindung besteht darin, dass herkömmliche Zugelemente und Bodenanker verwendet werden können, ohne dass diese selbst aus speziellen Materialien oder Stählen aufgebaut sein müssen.Another advantage of the invention is that conventional tension elements and floor anchors can be used without these themselves having to be constructed from special materials or steels.

Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung besteht darin, dass das Verbindungsmaterial ein Kunststoffmaterial und/oder ein metallisches Material aufweist, welches bei der Lösetemperatur schmilzt oder sich zersetzt. Grundsätzlich kann hierzu jedes entsprechend geeignete Kunststoffmaterial verwendet werden, welches bei Umgebungstemperaturen eine feste Verbindung zwischen dem metallischen Zugelement und dem Verankerungskörper sicherstellt, welche üblicherweise aus einem Betonmaterial gebildet ist. Auch ein Metall, etwa Zinn, oder eine metallische Legierung kann vorgesehen sein. Es kann auch eine Mischung aus Kunststoff und einem metallischen Material zweckmäßig sein.A preferred embodiment of the invention consists in that the connecting material has a plastic material and / or a metallic material which melts or decomposes at the release temperature. In principle, any suitable plastic material can be used for this purpose, which ensures a firm connection between the metallic tension element and the anchoring body at ambient temperatures, which is usually formed from a concrete material. A metal, such as tin, or a metallic alloy can also be provided. A mixture of plastic and a metallic material can also be expedient.

Eine besonders bevorzugte Materialauswahl besteht nach einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung darin, dass das Verbindungsmaterial ein Polyamid, insbesondere PA6-I Ultramid B3L ist. Polyamid ist ein Polymer, welches eine gute Verbindung zwischen unterschiedlichen Werkstoffen erlaubt. Auch gewährt Polyamid bei Umgebungsbedingungen, also bei einer Temperatur von 23°C eine hohe Festigkeit. Bei einer Erhöhung der Temperatur auf etwa 200°C nimmt die Festigkeit um ein Vielfaches ab. In einem Temperaturbereich ab ca. 270°C schmilzt Polyamid und kann sich bei noch höheren Temperaturen zersetzen.According to one embodiment of the invention, a particularly preferred choice of material is that the connecting material is a polyamide, in particular PA6-I Ultramid B3L. Polyamide is a polymer that allows a good connection between different materials. Polyamide also provides high strength under ambient conditions, i.e. at a temperature of 23 ° C. When the temperature is increased to around 200 ° C, the strength decreases many times over. In a temperature range from approx. 270 ° C, polyamide melts and can decompose at even higher temperatures.

Eine besonders bevorzugte Materialauswahl besteht in dem Kunststoff PA6-I Ultramid B3L, welcher von der BASF AG bezogen werden kann. Ultramid ist dabei eine eingetragene Marke der BASF AG. Dieses Material hat bei 23°C eine Streckfestigkeit von 70 MPa. Nach Versuchen an einem zylindrischen Zugelement mit einem Außendurchmesser von 1,5 cm bei einer hülsenförmigen Anordnung des Kunststoffmaterials um das Zugelement mit einer Wanddicke von 1 cm und einer Anbringungslänge von 10 cm wird die Übertragung von Haltekräften von über 98100 N, also einer Last von etwa 10 t ermöglicht. Bei einer entsprechenden Erhöhung der Verbindungslänge der Kunststoffhülse zum Zugelement können auch noch größere Zug- und Haltekräfte bei einer Umgebungstemperatur von 23°C aufgenommen werden.A particularly preferred choice of material is the plastic PA6-I Ultramid B3L, which can be obtained from BASF AG. Ultramid is a registered trademark of BASF AG. This material has a tensile strength of 70 MPa at 23 ° C. After tests on a cylindrical tension element with an outer diameter of 1.5 cm with a sleeve-shaped arrangement of the plastic material around the tension element with a wall thickness of 1 cm and an attachment length of 10 cm, the transfer of holding forces of over 98100 N, i.e. a load of about 10 t enables. With a corresponding increase in the connection length of the plastic sleeve to the tension element, even greater tensile and holding forces can be absorbed at an ambient temperature of 23 ° C.

Eine Temperaturerhöhung dieses Polymermaterials auf 220°C führt zu einer Absenkung der Streckfestigkeit auf 5 MPa, also zu einem Absinken auf weniger als 10% der Ursprungsfestigkeit. Bei dem durchgeführten Probekörper mit 10 cm Länge und 1 cm Wanddicke an einem Zugelement mit einem Außendurchmesser von 1,5 cm ist Zugkraft auf 7181,7 N begrenzt. Bei Überschreiten dieser Kraft kann so das metallische Zugelement von dem Ankerkörper gelöst werden.An increase in the temperature of this polymer material to 220 ° C leads to a reduction in the tensile strength to 5 MPa, that is to say a decrease to less than 10% of the original strength. In the test specimen with a length of 10 cm and a wall thickness of 1 cm on a tensile element with an outer diameter of 1.5 cm, tensile force is limited to 7181.7 N. If this force is exceeded, the metallic tension element can be released from the anchor body.

Bei einer weiteren Erhöhung der Temperatur ist sogar eine weitere Absenkung der Lösekraft möglich.If the temperature is increased further, the loosening force may be further reduced.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es dabei, dass eine Aufheizung eines derartigen Körpers aus diesem Kunststoffmaterial selbst bei einer begrenzten Heizleistung von 2000 W relativ schnell erreicht werden könnte. So kann ein Erreichen der Lösetemperatur innerhalb von unter 10 s bewirkt werden. Auch bei stark Wärme ableitenden Bodenverhältnissen, etwa bei anstehendem Wasser, können Aufheizzeiten von deutlich unter 1 Min. erreicht werden, bis ein Lösen bei der gewünschten geringen Lösekraft ermöglicht wird.It is particularly advantageous that heating of such a body made of this plastic material could be achieved relatively quickly, even with a limited heating output of 2000 W. The solution temperature can be reached within less than 10 s. Even in the case of strongly heat-dissipating soil conditions, for example in the presence of water, heating-up times of significantly less than 1 minute can be achieved until loosening is possible with the desired low loosening force.

Die genannten Werte beziehen sich auf bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele. Abhängig vom Anwendungsfall und den verwendeten Materialien können sich Abweichungen ergeben.The values mentioned relate to preferred exemplary embodiments. Depending on the application and the materials used, there may be deviations.

Besonders bevorzugt nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist es, dass das Verbindungsmaterial als eine Hülse ausgebildet ist, welche zumindest auf den bodenseitigen Verankerungsabschnitt des Zugelementes fest aufgebracht ist. Das Aufbringen kann in beliebiger Weise erfolgen, etwa durch Angießen oder in mechanischer Weise durch Aufpressen. Die Befestigung eines hülsenförmigen Verbindungsmaterials kann dabei zusätzlich mittels mechanischer Anschläge oder Formelemente am Zugelement und/oder am Verankerungskörper und/oder dem Hülsenkörper unterstützt sein.It is particularly preferred according to a development of the invention that the connecting material is designed as a sleeve, which at least on the bottom side Anchoring section of the tension element is firmly applied. The application can take place in any manner, for example by casting on or in a mechanical manner by pressing. The attachment of a sleeve-shaped connecting material can additionally be supported by means of mechanical stops or molded elements on the tension element and / or on the anchoring body and / or the sleeve body.

Besonders bevorzugt ist es nach einer weiteren Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung, dass zumindest in dem bodenseitigen Verankerungsabschnitt des Zugelementes die Heizeinrichtung vorgesehen ist. Diese erlaubt ein gezieltes Aufheizen des Verankerungsabschnittes, wenn ein Lösen gewünscht ist.According to a further embodiment variant of the invention, it is particularly preferred that the heating device is provided at least in the base-side anchoring section of the tension element. This allows a targeted heating of the anchoring section if loosening is desired.

Grundsätzlich kann die Heizeinrichtung in einer beliebigen Weise ausgeführt sein. Eine besonders effiziente Ausgestaltung wird nach einer bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung dadurch erreicht, dass die Heizeinrichtung als eine elektrische Heizeinrichtung ausgebildet ist. Die Heizeinrichtung kann dabei im Bereich des Verankerungsabschnitts eine Heizspule aufweisen. Eine besonders einfache Ausbildung kann dadurch erreicht werden, dass das metallische Zugelement insgesamt als ein elektrisches Widerstandselement zum Erzeugen von elektrischer Heizwärme verwendet wird. Hierzu kann in einem Inneren des rohrförmig ausgebildeten Zugelementes eine elektrische Hin- oder Rückleitung vorgesehen sein. Somit kann zwischen zwei Endbereichen des Zugelementes eine Spannung aufgebracht werden, so dass zumindest abschnittsweise durch das Zugelement ein Strom fließt. Dieser fließende Strom führt aufgrund des elektrischen Widerstandes des Zugelementes zu einer entsprechenden Wärmeerzeugung. Das Zugelement kann eine Zugstange oder ein Zugseil aus einem Stahlmaterial sein. Es kann auch eine induktive Heizeinrichtung mit einer Induktionsspule vorgesehen sein, welche ein metallisches Heizelement induktiv aufweist. Das Heizelement kann in dem Verbindungsmaterial eingebettet sein.In principle, the heating device can be designed in any manner. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, a particularly efficient embodiment is achieved in that the heating device is designed as an electrical heating device. The heating device can have a heating coil in the region of the anchoring section. A particularly simple embodiment can be achieved in that the metallic tension element is used overall as an electrical resistance element for generating electrical heat. For this purpose, an electrical outgoing or return line can be provided in an interior of the tubular tension element. A voltage can thus be applied between two end regions of the tension element, so that a current flows through the tension element at least in sections. This flowing current leads to a corresponding heat generation due to the electrical resistance of the tension element. The tension element can be a tension rod or a tension rope made of a steel material. An inductive heating device can also be provided with an induction coil which has a metallic heating element inductively. The heating element can be embedded in the connecting material.

Der erfindungsgemäße Bodenanker ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zumindest an dem bodenseitigen Verankerungsabschnitt zum Verankern mit dem Ankerkörper ein Verbindungsmaterial angebracht ist, welches bei Umgebungstemperatur das Zugelement fest mit dem Ankerkörper verbindet und die Verbindung zum Ankerkörper bei einer vorgegebenen Lösetemperaturlösbar ist, welche sich von der Umgebungstemperatur unterscheidet. Der Bodenanker ist insbesondere für die zuvor beschriebene Ankeranordnung vorgesehen. Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Bodenanker können insbesondere die zuvor beschriebenen Vorteile erzielt werden. Der Bodenanker kann auch als Ausbauanker bezeichnet werden. Der Bodenanker kann vorzugsweise als ein Verpressanker oder ein sogenannter Gewi-Anker ausgebildet sein.The floor anchor according to the invention is characterized in that at least on the floor-side anchoring section for anchoring to the anchor body, a connecting material is attached which firmly connects the tension element to the anchor body at ambient temperature and the connection to the anchor body is detachable at a predetermined release temperature, which differs from the ambient temperature different. The floor anchor is provided in particular for the anchor arrangement described above. With the ground anchor according to the invention in particular the advantages described above can be achieved. The ground anchor can also be called a removal anchor. The floor anchor can preferably be designed as a grout anchor or a so-called Gewi anchor.

Hinsichtlich des Verfahrens ist die Erfindung dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zumindest an dem bodenseitigen Verankerungsabschnitt des Zugelementes ein Verbindungsmaterial angebracht wird, welches bei Umgebungstemperatur das Zugelement fest mit dem Ankerkörper verbindet, dass zum Entfernen des Zugelementes aus dem Boden zumindest der bodenseitige Verankerungsabschnitt auf eine Lösetemperaturgebracht wird, bei welcher sich die Verbindung zum Ankerkörper löst, und dass das Zugelement aus dem Boden gezogen wird. Die Bohrung kann mit einem separaten Bohrwerkzeug oder durch den Bodenanker selbst erstellt werden.With regard to the method, the invention is characterized in that at least on the base-side anchoring section of the tension element, a connecting material is attached, which connects the tension element firmly to the anchor body at ambient temperature, that in order to remove the tension element from the floor, at least the bottom-side anchorage section is brought to a release temperature, in which the connection to the anchor body is released and that the tension element is pulled out of the ground. The drilling can be done with a separate drilling tool or by the ground anchor itself.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist insbesondere mit dem zuvor beschriebenen Bodenanker und der zuvor beschriebenen Ankeranordnung durchführbar. Im Sinne der Erfindung ist unter einem Lösen des Zugelementes vom Ankerkörper das Erreichen einer erheblich reduzierten Festigkeit des Verbindungsmaterials zwischen dem Ankerkörper und dem Zugelement zu verstehen, so dass das Zugelement mit einer definierten Lösekraft aus dem Ankerkörper und dem Boden gezogen werden kann.The method according to the invention can in particular be carried out with the previously described floor anchor and the previously described anchor arrangement. In the sense of the invention, loosening the tension element from the anchor body means reaching a considerably reduced strength of the connecting material between the anchor body and the tension element, so that the tension element can be pulled from the anchor body and the floor with a defined release force.

Eine bevorzugte Verfahrensvariante der Erfindung besteht darin, dass der Ankerkörper durch Einbringen einer aushärtbaren Verankerungsmasse über eine Zuführleitung entlang des Zugelementes in den Boden eingebracht wird, wobei die aushärtbare Masse zu dem Ankerkörper aushärtet. Dabei kann das Verfahren grundsätzlich wie bisher bekannte Verankerungsverfahren durchgeführt werden. Jedoch ist vor dem Einbringen des Zugelementes zumindest an dem bodenseitigen Verankerungsabschnitt das Verbindungsmaterial in beliebiger Weise, vorzugsweise in einer Hülsenform aufgebracht. Nach dem Einbringen des so vorbereiteten Zugelementes in den Boden wird über eine Zuführleitung die fließfähige Verankerungsmasse im Bereich des bodenseitigen Verankerungsabschnitts am Zugelement eingebracht. Durch eine vorzugsweise vorgesehene Druckaufbringung kann die Verankerungsmasse in tiefere, radial vom Zugelement beabstandete Bodenbereiche eindringen, so dass ein relativ großer Verankerungskörper im Boden gebildet wird. Die aushärtbare Masse kann insbesondere eine Betonmasse oder eine sonstige Masse mit einem Zementleim sein.A preferred method variant of the invention consists in that the anchor body is introduced into the ground by introducing a hardenable anchoring compound via a feed line along the tension element, the hardenable compound hardening to form the anchor body. In principle, the method can be carried out as previously known anchoring methods. However, before the pulling element is introduced, the connecting material is applied in any manner, preferably in a sleeve shape, at least to the base-side anchoring section. After the tension element thus prepared has been introduced into the ground, the flowable anchoring compound is introduced into the region of the bottom-side anchoring section on the tension element via a feed line. A preferably provided pressure application enables the anchoring compound to penetrate into deeper, radially spaced floor areas, so that a relatively large anchoring body is formed in the floor. The curable Mass can in particular be a concrete mass or some other mass with a cement paste.

Grundsätzlich kann das Aufheizen des Verankerungsabschnitts des Zugelementes in beliebiger Weise erfolgen. Ein Aufheizen könnte über einen Brenner oder über ein chemisches Erzeugen der Wärmeenergie gebildet werden. Nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist es besonders effizient, dass das Aufheizen des zumindest bodenseitigen Verankerungsabschnitts des Zugelementes mittels einer elektrischen Heizeinrichtung erfolgt. Am freien Ende des Zugelementes können entsprechende Anschlüsse für eine elektrische Energiequelle vorgesehen sein. Vorzugsweise ist die elektrische Heizeinrichtung unmittelbar durch das Zugelement gebildet und/oder nur an dem Verankerungsabschnitt des Zugelementes vorgesehen.In principle, the anchoring section of the tension element can be heated in any manner. Heating could be accomplished via a burner or by chemically generating the thermal energy. According to a further development of the invention, it is particularly efficient for the at least bottom-side anchoring section of the tension element to be heated by means of an electrical heating device. Corresponding connections for an electrical energy source can be provided at the free end of the tension element. The electrical heating device is preferably formed directly by the tension element and / or is only provided on the anchoring section of the tension element.

Die Erfindung wird vorzugsweise zur Abstützung von Baugrubenwänden eingesetzt. Der erfindungsgemäße Bodenanker kann aber auch anderweitig verwendet werden, etwa bei einer Hangsicherung, in Tunneln, an Bodenplatten etc.The invention is preferably used to support excavation pit walls. However, the floor anchor according to the invention can also be used for other purposes, for example in slope stabilization, in tunnels, on floor slabs, etc.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispielen weiter beschrieben, welche schematisch in den beigefügten Zeichnungen dargestellt sind. In den Zeichnungen zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Querschnittsansicht zu einer erfindungsgemäßen Ankeranordnung mit verankertem Bodenanker; und
Fig. 2
eine schematische Querschnittsansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Ankeranordnung bei gelöstem Bodenanker.
The invention is described below with reference to preferred exemplary embodiments, which are shown schematically in the accompanying drawings. The drawings show:
Fig. 1
is a schematic cross-sectional view of an anchor assembly according to the invention with anchored ground anchor; and
Fig. 2
is a schematic cross-sectional view of the anchor assembly according to the invention with the ground anchor released.

Bei einer erfindungsgemäßen Ankeranordnung 10 gemäß Fig. 1 ist in eine Bohrung 7 im Boden 5 ein stabförmiger Bodenanker 20 eingebracht. Die Bohrung 7 kann dabei durch ein separates Bohrwerkzeug oder unmittelbar durch den Bodenanker 20 beim Einbringen in den Boden 5 erstellt werden.In an anchor arrangement 10 according to the invention Fig. 1 a rod-shaped floor anchor 20 is introduced into a bore 7 in the floor 5. The bore 7 can be created by a separate drilling tool or directly through the ground anchor 20 when it is introduced into the ground 5.

Der Bodenanker 20 weist ein stabförmiges, längliches Zugelement 22 auf, an dessen bodenseitigem Endbereich ein Verankerungsabschnitt 24 angeordnet ist. Entlang des Verankerungsabschnitts 24 ist aus einem Verbindungsmaterial 16 eine Hülse 18 gebildet. Das Verbindungsmaterial 16 ist im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel ein spezielles Polymer, insbesondere Ultramid. Die Hülse 18 stellt ein Verbindungselement dar, welches das Zugelement 22 mit einem äußeren ringförmigen Verankerungskörper 12 verbindet.The floor anchor 20 has a rod-shaped, elongated tension element 22, on the bottom end region of which an anchoring section 24 is arranged. A sleeve 18 is formed from a connecting material 16 along the anchoring section 24. The connecting material 16 is a in the present embodiment special polymer, especially Ultramid. The sleeve 18 represents a connecting element which connects the tension element 22 to an outer annular anchoring body 12.

Der Verankerungskörper 12 ist durch Einleiten oder Injizieren einer aushärtbaren Masse von einer Oberfläche 6 des Bodens 5 entlang des Zugelementes 22 über eine Zuführleitung ausgebildet. Dabei kann als eine Verankerungsmasse eine fließfähige Betonsuspension verwendet werden, welche nach dem Injizieren zu dem Ankerkörper 12 aushärtet. Der Ankerkörper 12 ist über die Hülse 18 fest mit dem Verankerungsabschnitt 24 des Zugelementes 22 bei normalen Umgebungsbedingungen verbunden. Als Umgebungstemperatur ist im Ausführungsbeispiel 23°C angegeben, wobei die Festigkeitswerte grundsätzlich auch für Temperaturen bis zu 0°C und darunter gelten.The anchoring body 12 is formed by introducing or injecting a hardenable mass from a surface 6 of the base 5 along the tension element 22 via a feed line. In this case, a flowable concrete suspension can be used as an anchoring compound, which hardens after injection into the anchor body 12. The anchor body 12 is fixedly connected to the anchoring section 24 of the tension element 22 under normal ambient conditions via the sleeve 18. In the exemplary embodiment, the ambient temperature is specified at 23 ° C., the strength values generally also valid for temperatures down to 0 ° C. and below.

Am freien Ende des Zugelementes 22 des Bodenankers 20 kann nach dem Aushärten des Ankerkörpers 12 ein Spannglied 26 etwa über eine Gewindeverbindung aufgebracht werden. Das Spannglied 26 kann so auf die Oberfläche 6 des Bodens 5 wirkende Druckkräfte, wie sie etwa an Baugrubenwänden entstehen, aufnehmen und über das Zugelement 22 und den Ankerkörper 12 in rückwärtige Bereiche des Bodens 5 ableiten. Das Zugelement 22 kann eine Länge von mehreren Metern, insbesondere bis zu 15 m und länger aufweisen.At the free end of the tension element 22 of the floor anchor 20, after the anchor body 12 has hardened, a tensioning member 26 can be applied, for example via a threaded connection. The tensioning member 26 can thus absorb compressive forces acting on the surface 6 of the floor 5, such as those that arise on construction pit walls, and dissipate them via the tension element 22 and the anchor body 12 into rear areas of the floor 5. The tension element 22 can have a length of several meters, in particular up to 15 m and longer.

Wenn es gewünscht ist, kann der erfindungsgemäße Bodenanker 20 in einfacher Weise wieder aus dem Boden 5 gezogen werden, wie in Fig. 2 dargestellt ist. Hierzu wird das Zugelement 22 des Bodenankers 20 zumindest im Bereich des Verankerungsabschnitts 24 über eine nicht dargestellte Heizeinrichtung von der Umgebungstemperatur auf eine Lösetemperatur von beispielsweise 220°C aufgeheizt. Die Heizeinrichtung kann eine elektrische Heizspule oder das metallische Zugelement 22 selbst sein, wobei von einer Oberfläche 6 des Bodens 5 über nicht dargestellte Leitungsanschlüsse elektrische Energie zugeführt wird.If desired, the floor anchor 20 according to the invention can be pulled out of the floor 5 in a simple manner, as in FIG Fig. 2 is shown. For this purpose, the tension element 22 of the floor anchor 20 is heated from the ambient temperature to a release temperature of, for example, 220 ° C., at least in the area of the anchoring section 24, by means of a heating device (not shown). The heating device can be an electrical heating coil or the metallic tension element 22 itself, electrical energy being supplied from a surface 6 of the base 5 via line connections (not shown).

Mit dem Aufheizen und Erreichen der vorgesehenen Lösetemperatur nimmt die Festigkeit des Verbindungsmaterials 16 erheblich ab, etwa auf 10% der Ursprungsfestigkeit bei Umgebungstemperatur. Bei einem definierten Anlegen einer Löse- oder Auszugskraft wird die Hülse 18 aus dem Polymer- oder Verbindungsmaterial 16 zerstört.With the heating up and reaching the intended release temperature, the strength of the connecting material 16 decreases considerably, approximately to 10% of the original strength at ambient temperature. When a release or pull-out force is applied in a defined manner, the sleeve 18 made of the polymer or connecting material 16 is destroyed.

Verbindungsmaterial 16 kann sowohl an einer Innenseite des ringförmigen Ankerkörpers 12 als auch an einer Außenseite des Zugelementes 22 verbleiben. Das vom Ankerkörper 12 gelöste Zugelement 22 kann so relativ leicht aus dem Boden 5 gezogen werden.Connecting material 16 can remain on an inner side of the annular anchor body 12 as well as on an outer side of the tension element 22. The tension element 22 detached from the anchor body 12 can thus be pulled out of the base 5 relatively easily.

Nach einer Wiederaufbereitung ist es grundsätzlich möglich, das Zugelement 22 für ein weiteres Verankern einzusetzen.After reprocessing, it is fundamentally possible to use the tension element 22 for further anchoring.

Claims (10)

  1. Ground anchor for an anchor arrangement (10) in the ground, with an elongate pull element (22), to which an anchor body (12) is fixedly connectable on a ground-side anchoring portion (24),
    characterized in that
    a connecting material (16) is applied at least on the ground-side anchoring portion (24) for anchoring with the anchor body (12), which material, at ambient temperature, fixedly connects the pull element (22) to the anchor body (12), and the connection to the anchor body (12) is releasable at a predetermined release temperature which is different from the ambient temperature.
  2. Ground anchor according to claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the connecting material (16) comprises a plastic material and/or a metal material, which melts or degrades at the release temperature.
  3. Ground anchor according to claim 1 or 2,
    characterized in that
    the connecting material (16) is a polyamide, in particular PA6-I Ultramid B3L.
  4. Ground anchor according to one of claims 1 to 3,
    characterized in that
    the connecting material (16) is formed as a sleeve (18) which is fixedly applied at least on to the ground-side anchoring portion (24) of the pull element (22).
  5. Ground anchor according to one of claims 1 to 4,
    characterized in that
    a heating device is provided at least in the ground-side anchoring portion (24) of the pull element (22).
  6. Ground anchor according to claim 5,
    characterized in that
    the heating device is formed as an electrical heating device.
  7. Anchor arrangement in the ground (5), comprising a ground anchor (20) according to one of claims 1 to 6,
    characterized in that
    the elongate pull element (22) is introduced into a bore (7) in the ground (5), wherein the anchor body (12), which has a larger cross-section than the pull element (22), is connected to the pull element (22) on the ground-side anchoring portion (24),
    the ground anchor (20) includes a heating device for releasing the pull element (22), and
    the connection with the pull element (22) is formed with the connecting material (16), which, at ambient temperature, fixedly connects the pull element (22) with the anchor body (12), wherein the connection is releasable at a predetermined release temperature which is different from the ambient temperature.
  8. Method for anchoring a ground anchor (20) according to one of claims 1 to 6 in the ground (5),
    in which a bore (7) is made in the ground (5),
    - the ground anchor (20) is at least partially introduced into the bore (7), and
    - subsequently an anchor body (12) is formed on a ground-side anchoring portion (24) of an elongate pull element (22) of the ground anchor (20),
    characterized in that
    - a connecting material (16) is applied at least on the ground-side anchoring portion (24) of the pull element (22), which material, at ambient temperature, fixedly connects the pull element (22) to the anchor body (12),
    - for removing the pull element (22) from the ground (5), at least the ground-side anchoring portion (24) is brought to a release temperature at which the connection to the anchor body (12) is released, and
    - the pull element (22) is pulled out of the ground (5).
  9. Method according to claim 8,
    characterized in that
    the anchor body (12) is introduced into the ground (5) by introducing a curable anchoring mass via a supply line along the pull element (22), wherein the curable mass cures to the anchor body (12).
  10. Method according to claim 8 or 9,
    characterized in that
    the heat-up of at least the ground-side anchoring portion (24) of the pull element (22) is effected by means of an electric heating device.
EP16198175.8A 2016-11-10 2016-11-10 Anchor arrangement in the ground, ground anchor and procedure for anchoring. Active EP3321423B1 (en)

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PCT/EP2017/071642 WO2018086781A1 (en) 2016-11-10 2017-08-29 Anchor arrangement having ground, ground anchor, and method for anchoring

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EP3321423A1 (en) 2018-05-16

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