EP3184481B1 - Turmkran mit automatischer ein- und ausklappfunktion, der einen mast und einen zum mast versetzten ausleger umfasst - Google Patents

Turmkran mit automatischer ein- und ausklappfunktion, der einen mast und einen zum mast versetzten ausleger umfasst Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3184481B1
EP3184481B1 EP16201221.5A EP16201221A EP3184481B1 EP 3184481 B1 EP3184481 B1 EP 3184481B1 EP 16201221 A EP16201221 A EP 16201221A EP 3184481 B1 EP3184481 B1 EP 3184481B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mast
jib
section
tower crane
boom
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16201221.5A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3184481A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Paul Verchere
Poerio BETTI
Olivier Gevaudant
Fabrice Thomas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Manitowoc Crane Group France SAS
Original Assignee
Manitowoc Crane Group France SAS
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3184481A1 publication Critical patent/EP3184481A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/60—Derricks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/06—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes with jibs mounted for jibbing or luffing movements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/26—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail
    • B66C23/34—Self-erecting cranes, i.e. with hoisting gear adapted for crane erection purposes
    • B66C23/342—Self-erecting cranes, i.e. with hoisting gear adapted for crane erection purposes with telescopic elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/26—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail
    • B66C23/34—Self-erecting cranes, i.e. with hoisting gear adapted for crane erection purposes
    • B66C23/344—Self-erecting cranes, i.e. with hoisting gear adapted for crane erection purposes adapted for transport purposes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/64—Jibs
    • B66C23/68—Jibs foldable or otherwise adjustable in configuration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/64—Jibs
    • B66C23/70—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths
    • B66C23/701—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths telescopic
    • B66C23/702—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths telescopic with a jib extension boom
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/72—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples
    • B66C23/74—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples separate from jib

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an automatic folding and folding tower crane.
  • the present invention is applicable to the field of tower cranes having a mast and an arrow, for example dispensing boom cranes or luffing boom cranes.
  • EP0855361A1 discloses an automatic folding and unfolding tower crane comprising a mast and boom movable between a working configuration (vertical mast and horizontal boom) and a transport configuration (mast and boom folded).
  • the mast has several mast sections and a second mast section and the boom has several boom sections.
  • a first mast section is connected to the first boom section in rotation about an axis of articulation orthogonal to the direction of the mast and the direction of the arrow when the tower crane is in working configuration.
  • the state of the art can also be illustrated by teaching the document FR 2 104 681 A1 which describes an automatic folding and folding crane-type crane, comprising a mast and boom movable between a working configuration (vertical mast and horizontal boom) and a transport configuration (folded mast and boom), where the mast has at least a first section connected to a first boom section at least in rotation about an articulation axis, and wherein the boom extends in a direction of arrow which is offset with respect to the mast direction parallel to the axis of articulation.
  • Such a crane has, however, in the transport configuration, an unsatisfactory size.
  • the present invention is intended in particular to solve, in whole or in part, the problems mentioned above.
  • the hinge axis extends in an upper region of the first boom section.
  • the tower crane can be stored in a standardized cargo container (40 feet long, approximately 12.20 m), while offering a height in working configuration superior to a self-supporting tower crane of equivalent capacity.
  • the height gain of a tower crane according to the invention in working configuration can be 5 m, ie about + 20%.
  • the offset (or offset) of the boom relative to the mast and the high position of the hinge pin allow the tower crane to have optimal dimensions in transport configuration, without changing the maximum width of the convoy determined by the width of the axle of the vehicle. Indeed, this shift allows to superimpose two rows of folded boom sections.
  • the boom direction is offset from the mast direction parallel to the hinge axis, the boom direction and the mast direction are disjoint, so not intersecting.
  • a lateral portion of the first boom section extends along a lateral portion of the first mast section.
  • the mast direction can form an angle between 0 degrees and 3 degrees with a vertical direction.
  • the boom direction can form an angle between 0 degrees and 45 degrees with a horizontal direction.
  • the boom direction is orthogonal to the mast direction when the tower crane is in the working configuration, and the boom direction is substantially parallel to the mast direction when the tower crane is in the transport configuration.
  • the first mast section has a cross section of polygonal shape to at least eight sides
  • the second mast section has a cross section of polygonal shape to at least eight sides.
  • the first mast section has a generally prismatic shape composed of flat sheets
  • the second mast section has a generally prismatic shape composed of flat sheets.
  • the first boom section comprises at least: i) an upper chord defining the upper limit and ii) a lower chord defining the lower limit.
  • the first boom section comprises two upper chords and two lower chords arranged so that the first boom section has a generally trapezoidal cross section transversely to the direction of arrow.
  • the boom foot has four chords.
  • the jib foot has a very high resistance to lateral forces, while reducing the space required for the tubes forming the upper chords.
  • the first boom section comprises, over most of its length, a single upper chord and two lower chords arranged so that the first boom section has generally the shape of a triangle in cross section to the direction of arrow, with nevertheless a zone with trapezoidal section to house the bearings of articulation between boom and mast.
  • the first boom section has a box structure and / or the second boom section has a box structure.
  • the tower crane further comprises a hinge device configured to bind the first mast section to the first boom section at least in rotation about the hinge axis.
  • the hinge device may comprise rotary bearings.
  • the hinge device is dimensioned, in particular in stiffness, to mechanically resist the moments generated on the mast by the position of the boom in work.
  • the first boom section comprises a boom articulation portion
  • the first mast section comprises a mast articulation portion
  • the boom articulation portion and the mast articulation portion being connected by the articulation device.
  • the mast hinge portion is located near the upper limit of the mast when the tower crane is in working configuration. According to one variant, the distance between the mast articulation portion and the upper limit of the mast is less than 5% of the height of the first mast section, measured parallel to the mast direction when the tower crane is in the configuration of the mast. job.
  • the boom articulation portion is located near the rear end of the boom when the tower crane is in working configuration. According to one variant, the distance between the boom articulation portion (hinge pin) and the rear end of the boom (end of the punch) is less than 20% of the length of the first boom section, measured parallel to arrow direction when the tower crane is in working configuration.
  • the direction of the arrow is offset with respect to the mast direction so that an offset distance between i) a lateral portion of the arrow facing the mast and ii) a lateral portion of the mast facing towards the mast.
  • the arrow measured parallel to the axis of articulation, is greater than 200 mm, preferably greater than 250 mm.
  • the width of the boom does not depend on the width of the mast, unlike tower cranes of the state of the art.
  • the boom may have a first enlarged boom section, which increases its mechanical resistance to the forces that the boom transmits to the mast.
  • an offset distance between the direction of arrow and the mast direction, measured parallel to the axis of articulation is between 900 mm and 1100 mm.
  • the first mast section and the second mast section are configured so that the first mast section can slide in the second mast section.
  • the mast comprises at least one telescopic part.
  • the first mast section extends substantially above the second mast section; in transport configuration, the first mast section extends substantially in the second mast section.
  • such a telescopic mast not only allows to have a very compact tower crane in transport configuration and a very high working height, but also to raise the boom at the same time as the telescoping of the mast.
  • said height of the first boom section is greater than the width of the first boom section, measured parallel to the hinge axis.
  • the cross section of the arrow is rectangular or trapezoidal.
  • the long side of this cross section is vertical.
  • the height of the first boom section is greater than 800 mm, for example approximately equal to 1000 mm.
  • such a height allows the first boom section to mechanically resist the efforts that the arrow transmits to the mast.
  • the height of the first boom section is greater than the height of the second boom section.
  • the boom is devoid of vertical punch to support the first boom section, which simplifies the mounting of the tower crane.
  • the first boom section is "topless” because the tower crane has no punch located above the mast. Thanks to its trapezoidal shape, the structure of the first boom section is sufficient to mechanically withstand the forces generated by the dead weight and the load suspended from the boom.
  • the retaining tie is composed of bars articulated together.
  • the lifting angle of the boom is managed before unfolding by an operator manually positioning a lock acting as a stop between a male tie rod and a female tie rod that perform the retaining function.
  • the retaining tie may comprise a portion of cable.
  • the retaining cylinder replaces a portion of the retaining tie.
  • the holding cylinder can be hydraulic.
  • such a holding cylinder allows the construction of economical tower cranes, because the holding cylinder takes the moment forward, which allows to have a telescoping mechanism of low capacity, which is dimensioned only for telescope dead weight (mast and empty boom) but not to raise the boom.
  • the boom is mechanically connected to the base exclusively by the telescopic mast, the width of the cross section of the telescopic mast being less than 70% of the length of the cross section of the telescopic mast.
  • the tower crane comprises a winch and a hanger arranged to transmit a lifting effort to the boom.
  • This winch and haft then replace part of the retaining tie.
  • the tower crane further comprises an intermediate punch arranged above the junction between the first and second boom sections.
  • an intermediate punch reduces the dead weight of the second boom section, which reduces the moments induced on the mast by the offset position of the boom.
  • the punch comprises a guide member that is configured to guide the holding tie, the guide member being located on the opposite side to the direction of arrow relative to the mast direction.
  • the guide element and the direction of arrow are located on both sides of the mast direction.
  • the punch extends in a direction oblique to the direction of arrow, which allows the punch to effectively transmit the vertical forces of the boom to the mast.
  • a distance between the punch guide element and the mast direction, measured parallel to the axis of articulation, is between 75 mm and 150 mm.
  • such a distance allows the retaining tie to effectively transmit the forces of the boom to the mast without having a significant angle between the direction of the retaining tie rod and the mast direction for each angle of work, which avoids generating efforts horizontal parasites.
  • the retaining tie extends substantially from the opposite side to the direction of arrow relative to the direction of mast, the tower crane further comprising an unfolding ram configured to unfold the mast, to place the mast and the boom in working configuration, the unfolding ram being arranged on the same side of the mast direction as the first section of the mast. arrow.
  • the retaining tie and the unfolding ram extend on both sides of the mast direction, since the retaining tie extends on one side of the direction of arrow and the actuator unfolding extends on the other side of the arrow direction.
  • the retaining tie restricts the lateral overhang effect of the boom on the mast, because the retaining tie is shifted to the side opposite to the direction of arrow.
  • the unfolding cylinder is located on the side of the boom, the unfolding cylinder is close to the overall center of gravity of the masses to be raised. Since the tie rod and the unfolding ram are located on opposite sides, the tower crane is particularly compact in transport configuration.
  • the punch and a lower portion of the first boom section are rotatably connected about an axis of rotation which is parallel to the hinge axis, the tower crane further comprising connecting rods and a Gimbal-type joint arranged to connect the punch to an upper portion of the first boom section, the rods being hinged together by pivotal connections and the Cardan type joint.
  • the punch on which the retaining tie rod is attached, can be folded into a storage position, in which the punch extends both opposite the first boom section and opposite the first mast section, which is particularly compact.
  • the Cardan type joint and the axis of rotation allow to fold the punch according to disjoint pivot axes.
  • the tower crane further comprises a lifting cable and a plurality of pulleys configured to guide the lifting cable between the first mast section and the first boom section, the pulley shafts being non-parallel, the pulleys being arranged so that two consecutive pulleys along the lifting cable have two collinear tangential directions.
  • the paths of two consecutive pulleys are aligned.
  • the hoisting rope will have a high resistance to wear and fatigue, because the pulley paths are aligned in pairs, eliminating any angle of deflection of the hoisting rope between two consecutive pulleys.
  • the pulleys transmit the movement of the hoisting rope extending from a hoist winch mounted on the frame or to the foot of the mast to a carriage mounted on the boom.
  • the first and second boom sections are superimposed and arranged next to the mast.
  • the tower crane comprises a third boom section which is mechanically connected to the second boom section and which is superimposed on the first and second boom sections when the tower crane is in the transport configuration.
  • the mast direction Z2 can form an angle between 0 degrees and 3 degrees with a vertical direction.
  • the direction of arrow X4 can form an angle between 0 degrees and 45 degrees with a horizontal direction.
  • the mast 2 has a first mast section 2.1 and a second mast section 2.2.
  • the first mast section 2.1 and the second mast section 2.2 extend substantially in the mast direction Z2 when the tower crane 1 is in working configuration.
  • the first mast section 2.1 has a cross section of polygonal shape with eight sides.
  • the second mast section 2.2 has a polygonal cross section with eight sides.
  • the first mast section 2.1 has a generally prismatic shape composed of flat sheets.
  • the second mast section 2.2 has a generally prismatic shape composed of flat sheets.
  • the first mast section 2.1 and the second mast section 2.2 are configured so that the first mast section 2.1 can slide in the second mast section 2.2, during telescoping phases to unfold and fold the tower crane 1.
  • the mast 2 thus comprises here a telescopic part, composed of the first 2.1 and second 2.2 mast sections.
  • the first mast section 2.1 extends above the second mast section 2.2.
  • transport configuration figure 3
  • the tower crane 1 is stored in a container 50
  • the first mast section 2.1 extends in the second mast section 2.2.
  • the arrow 4 has a first boom section 4.1, a second boom section 4.2 and a third boom section 4.3.
  • the first boom section 4.1, the second boom section 4.2 and the third boom section 4.3 extend substantially in the direction of arrow X4 when the tower crane 1 is in working configuration.
  • the first mast section 2.1 is connected to the first boom section 4.1 in rotation about a hinge axis Y24.
  • the hinge axis Y24 extends orthogonally to the mast direction Z2 and to the arrow direction X4 when the tower crane 1 is in the working configuration and when the tower crane 1 is in the transport configuration.
  • the first boom section 4.1 has an upper limit 4.11 and a lower limit 4.12.
  • the upper limit 4.11 and the lower limit 4.12 define a height H4.1 of the first section 4.1.
  • the height H4.1 is measured orthogonal to the direction of arrow X4 when the tower crane 1 is in working configuration.
  • the height H4.1 of the first boom section 4.1 is greater than the width W4.1 of the first boom section 4.1, measured parallel to the hinge axis Y24.
  • the cross section of the arrow 4 is here trapezoidal.
  • the height H4.1 of the first boom section 4.1 is here approximately equal to 1000 mm.
  • the height H4.1 of the first boom section 4.1 is greater than the height of the second boom section 4.2 and the height of the third boom section 4.3.
  • the first boom section 4.1 comprises i) two upper chords defining the upper limit 4.11 and ii) two lower chords defining the lower limit 4.12.
  • Each upper chord and each lower chord generally has a prismatic shape.
  • the two upper chords and the two lower chords of the first boom section 4.1 are arranged so that the first boom section 4.1 has a trapezoidal cross section transverse to the direction of arrow X4.
  • the tower crane 1 further comprises a hinge device 3 which is configured to connect in rotation the first mast section 2.1 and the first boom section 4.1.
  • the hinge device 3 comprises rotary bearings.
  • the hinge device 3 is dimensioned, in stresses and deformations, to mechanically resist the moments generated on the mast 2 by the position of the arrow 4 in work.
  • the first boom section 4.1 comprises a boom articulation portion 4.5.
  • the first mast section 2.1 comprises a mast articulation portion 2.5.
  • the articulation device 3 mechanically connects the boom articulation portion 4.5 and the mast articulation portion 2.5.
  • the mast hinge portion 2.5 is located near the upper limit 2.11 of the mast 2 when the tower crane 1 is in the working configuration ( Figures 1 and 2 ).
  • the distance between the mast articulation portion 2.5 and the upper limit of the mast 2.11 is here less than 5% of the height H2.1 of the first mast section 2.1, measured parallel to the mast direction Z2 when the tower crane 1 is in working configuration.
  • the boom articulation portion 4.5 is located near the rear end of the boom 4 when the tower crane 1 is in working configuration.
  • the distance between the boom articulation portion 4.5 and the rear end of the boom 4 is less than 20% of the length of the first boom section 4.1, measured parallel to the boom direction X4 when the tower crane 1 is in working configuration.
  • the direction of arrow X4 is offset from the mast direction Z2 parallel to the hinge axis Y24.
  • the direction of arrow X4 and the direction of mast Z2 are disjoint, thus non-secant.
  • a lateral portion 4.10 of the first boom section 4.1 extends along a lateral portion 2.10 of the first mast section 2.1.
  • an offset distance D24.1 between i) the lateral portion 4.10 turned towards the mast 2 and ii) the lateral portion 2.10 turned towards the arrow 4, measured parallel to the hinge axis Y24, is approximately equal to 250 mm.
  • An offset distance D24.2 between the direction of arrow X4 and the mast direction Z2, measured parallel to the hinge axis Y24, is here about 900 mm.
  • a distance D4.24 between the hinge axis Y24 and the lower limit 4.12, measured parallel to the mast direction Z2 as shown in FIG. figure 6 is here about equal to 90% of said height H4.1 of the first boom section 4.1.
  • the hinge axis Y24 extends in an upper region 4.16 of the first boom section 4.1.
  • the tower crane 1 further comprises a hoisting rope 22 and a plurality of pulleys 24 configured to guide the hoisting rope 22 between the first mast section 2.1 and the first boom section 4.1.
  • the axes of the pulleys 24 are not parallel.
  • the pulleys 24 are arranged so that two consecutive pulleys 24 along the lifting cable 22 have two tangential directions which are collinear. Thus the paths of two consecutive pulleys are aligned, which gives the lifting cable 22 a high resistance to wear and fatigue, because the pulley paths are two by two aligned.
  • the tower crane 1 further comprises a frame 8, a retaining tie 12 and a force transmission member which is arranged for transmitting efforts of the arrow 4 to the retaining tie 12 and which is formed here by a punch 14.
  • the frame 8 is configured to support the mast 2 and the arrow 4 when the tower crane 1 is in working configuration.
  • the chassis 8 receives a counterweight 10 when the tower crane 1 is in working configuration.
  • the chassis 8 is here composed of a rotating part 8.1, a fixed part 8.2 and an orientation ring 8.3 which articulates the rotating part 8.1 with respect to the fixed part 8.2.
  • the retaining tie 12 connects the rear end of the arrow 4 to the rear end of the rotating part 8.1.
  • the retaining tie 12 extends substantially parallel to the mast 2 when the tower crane 1 is in working configuration.
  • the retaining tie 12 is here composed of several articulated bars some of which are telescopic.
  • the force transmission member consists only of the punch 14. As shown by the Figures 7 and 8 the punch 14 extends obliquely with respect to the direction of arrow X4.
  • the punch 14 comprises a guiding element 14.1 configured to guide the holding tie 12 at the rear end of the arrow 4.
  • the arrow 4 is devoid of a vertical punch above the arrow 4 to support the first section of the arrow 4.1, which simplifies the assembly of the tower crane.
  • the guide member 14.1 is located on the opposite side to the arrow direction X4 with respect to the mast direction Z2.
  • the guide member 14.1 and the direction of arrow X4 are located on both sides of the mast direction Z2.
  • a distance D2.14 between the guide element 14.1 of the punch 14 and the mast direction Z2 is here approximately equal to 120 mm, measured parallel to the hinge axis Y24.
  • the tower crane 1 comprises an intermediate punch 17, which is partially visible on the Figures 5 and 6 .
  • the intermediate punch 17 is arranged above the junction between the first 2.1 and second 2.2 boom sections.
  • the tower crane 1 further comprises an unfolding ram 16 configured to unfold the mast 2, in order to place the mast 2 in working configuration.
  • the arrow 4 is set to working configuration by telescoping the mast 4.
  • the unfolding ram 16 is arranged on the same side of the mast direction Z2 as the first boom section 4.1.
  • the holding tie 12 extends substantially on the opposite side to the direction of arrow X4 with respect to the mast direction Z2.
  • the retaining tie 12 and the unfolding ram 16 extend on both sides of the mast direction Z2.
  • the retaining tie 12 can limit the lateral overhang effect of the arrow 4 on the mast 2 in working configuration and the unfolding ram 16 is located on the side of the arrow 4, so near the center overall gravity of the masses to be raised.
  • the punch 14 and a lower portion 4.15 of the first boom portion 4.1 are rotatably connected about an axis of rotation Y4.15.
  • the axis of rotation Y4.15 is here parallel to the hinge axis Y24.
  • the tower crane 1 further comprises connecting rods 18 and a Cardan type joint 20 which is arranged to connect the punch 14 to an upper portion 4.16 of the first boom section 4.1.
  • the connecting rods 18 are hinged together by pivoting connections and by the Cardan-type joint 20.
  • the connecting rods 18 and the cardan-type joint 20 make it possible to unfold or fold the punch 14 from or to a storage position.
  • the punch 14 In the storage position, the punch 14 extends both opposite the first boom section 4.1 and facing the first mast section 2.1.
  • the cardan type joint 20 and the rotation axis Y4.15 make it possible to fold the punch 14 when the mast 2 and the boom 4 are folded in the transport configuration.
  • the Cardan type joint 20 comprises several disjoint pivot axes, including two orthogonal pivot axes X21 and Z22, visible to the figure 5 .
  • the mast 2 has a third mast section 2.3 arranged to mechanically connect the second mast section 2.2 to the chassis 8.
  • the third mast section 2.3 here has an octagonal cross section which has a generally prismatic shape and which is composed of flat sheets .
  • the first 4.1, the second 4.2 and the third 4.3 boom sections are superimposed and arranged next to the mast 2, which makes the transport configuration particularly compact.
  • the second 4.2 and third 4.3 boom sections are nested and then superimposed on the first boom section 4.1.
  • the first 4.1, the second 4.2 and the third 4.3 boom sections can be superimposed, in particular because the arrow 4 is offset or offset laterally with respect to the mast 2 and since the hinge axis Y24 is placed at the top of the first section of arrow 4.1.
  • the first mast section 2.1 is inserted in the second mast section 2.2, and the first 2.1 and second 2.2 mast sections are superimposed on the third mast section 2.3.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Turmkran (1) zum automatischen Aufklappen und Zusammenklappen, einen Mast (2) und einen Ausleger (4) umfassend, die konfiguriert sind, um mindestens platziert zu werden:
    - in einer Arbeitskonfiguration, in welcher sich der Mast (2) in eine Mastrichtung (Z2) erstreckt, die im Wesentlichen vertikal ist, und sich der Ausleger (4) in eine Auslegerrichtung (X4) erstreckt, die im Wesentlichen horizontal ist, und
    - in einer Transportkonfiguration, in welcher der Mast (2) und der Ausleger (4) zusammengeklappt sind,
    wobei der Mast (2) mindestens Folgendes aufweist: einen ersten Mastabschnitt (2.1) und einen zweiten Mastabschnitt (2.2), die sich im Wesentlichen in die Mastrichtung (Z2) erstrecken, wenn der Turmkran (1) in Arbeitskonfiguration ist,
    wobei der Ausleger (4) mindestens Folgendes aufweist: einen ersten Auslegerabschnitt (4.1) und einen zweiten Auslegerabschnitt (4.2), die sich im Wesentlichen in die Auslegerrichtung (X4) erstrecken, wenn der Turmkran (1) in Arbeitskonfiguration ist, wobei der erste Auslegerabschnitt (4.1) im Bereich des Mastes (2) eine obere Grenze (4.11) und eine untere Grenze (4.12) aufweist, wobei die obere Grenze (4.11) und die untere Grenze (4.12) eine Höhe (H4.1) des ersten Auslegerabschnitts (4.1) definieren,
    wobei der erste Mastabschnitt (2.1) mindestens um eine Artikulationsachse (Y24) drehend mit dem ersten Auslegerabschnitt (4.1) verbunden ist, wobei sich die Artikulationsachse (Y24) orthogonal zur Mastrichtung (Z2) und zur Auslegerrichtung (X4) erstreckt, wenn der Turmkran (1) in Arbeitskonfiguration ist,
    wo die Auslegerrichtung (X4) im Verhältnis zur Mastrichtung (Z2) parallel zur Artikulationsachse (Y24) versetzt ist,
    wobei der Turmkran (1) dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass ein Abstand zwischen der Artikulationsachse (Y24) und der unteren Grenze (4.12), parallel zur Mastrichtung (Z2) gemessen, größer als 75%, vorzugsweise größer als 90% der Höhe (H4.1) des ersten Auslegerabschnitts (4.1) ist.
  2. Turmkran (1) nach dem vorstehenden Anspruch, wobei der erste Auslegerabschnitt (4.1) mindestens Folgendes umfasst: i) einen oberen Gurt, der die obere Grenze (4.11) definiert und ii) einen unteren Gurt, der die untere Grenze (4.12) definiert.
  3. Turmkran (1) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Auslegerrichtung (X4) in Bezug auf die Mastrichtung (Z2) versetzt ist, sodass ein Versatzabstand (D24.1) zwischen i) einem lateralen Teil (4.10) des zum Mast (2) gedrehten Auslegers (4) und ii) einem lateralen Teil (2.10) des zum Ausleger (4) gedrehten Mastes (2), parallel zur Artikulationsachse (Y24) gemessen, größer als 200 mm, vorzugsweise größer als 250 mm ist.
  4. Turmkran (1) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei der erste Mastabschnitt (2.1) und der zweite Mastabschnitt (2.2) derart konfiguriert sind, dass der erste Mastabschnitt (2.1) in den zweiten Mastabschnitt (2.2) gleiten kann.
  5. Turmkran (1) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Höhe (H4.1) des ersten Auslegerabschnitts (4.1), parallel zur Artikulationsachse (Y24) gemessen, größer als die Breite des ersten Auslegerabschnitts (4.1) ist.
  6. Turmkran (1) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, weiter umfassend:
    - ein Gestell (8), das konfiguriert ist, um den Mast (2) und den Ausleger (4) zu stützen, wenn der Turmkran (1) in Arbeitskonfiguration ist, wobei das Gestell (8) dazu bestimmt ist, ein Gegengewicht (10) aufzunehmen,
    - eine Rückhalteabspannung (12), die angeordnet ist, um das hintere Ende des Auslegers (4) mit dem Gegengewicht zu verbinden, wobei die Rückhalteabspannung (12) konfiguriert ist, um sich im Wesentlichen parallel zum Mast (2) zu erstrecken, wenn der Turmkran (1) in Arbeitskonfiguration ist, und
    - ein Kraftübertragungsorgan, das angeordnet ist, um Kräfte des Auslegers (4) auf die Rückhalteabspannung (12) zu übertragen, wobei das Übertragungsorgan aus einem Hammerkopf (14) gebildet wird, der sich im Verhältnis zur Auslegerrichtung (X4) schräg erstreckt.
  7. Turmkran (1) nach dem vorstehenden Anspruch, wobei der Hammerkopf (14) ein Führungselement (14.1) umfasst, das konfiguriert ist, um die Rückhalteabspannung (12) zu führen, wobei sich das Führungselement (14.1) im Verhältnis zur Mastrichtung (Z2) auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite zur Auslegerrichtung (X4) befindet.
  8. Turmkran (1) nach dem vorstehenden Anspruch, wobei ein Abstand (D2.14) zwischen dem Führungselement (14.1) des Hammerkopfes (14) und der Mastrichtung (Z2), parallel zur Artikulationsachse (Y24) gemessen, zwischen 75 mm und 150 mm enthalten ist.
  9. Turmkran (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8, wobei sich die Rückhalteabspannung (12) im Verhältnis zur Mastrichtung (Z2) im Wesentlichen auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite zur Auslegerrichtung (X4) erstreckt,
    wobei der Turmkran (1) weiter einen Aufklappzylinder (16) umfasst, der konfiguriert ist, um den Mast (2) aufzuklappen, um den Mast (2) und den Ausleger (4) in der Arbeitskonfiguration zu platzieren, wobei der Aufklappzylinder (16) auf derselben Seite der Mastrichtung (Z2) wie der erste Auslegerabschnitt (4.1) angeordnet ist.
  10. Turmkran (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 9, wobei der Hammerkopf (14) und ein unterer Teil (4.15) des ersten Auslegerabschnitts (4.1) um eine Drehachse drehend verbunden sind, die parallel zur Artikulationsachse (Y24) ist, wobei der Turmkran (1) weiter Treibgestänge (18) und ein Gelenk in der Art eines Kadrangelenks (20) umfasst, die angeordnet sind, um den Hammerkopf (14) mit einem oberen Teil (4.16) des ersten Auslegerabschnitts (4.1) zu verbinden, wobei die Treibgestänge (18) durch Schwenkverbindungen und durch das Gelenk in der Art eines Kadrangelenks (20) miteinander verbunden sind.
  11. Turmkran (1) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, weiter ein Hebeseil (22) und mehrere Riemenscheiben (24) umfassend, die konfiguriert sind, um das Hebeseil (22) zwischen dem ersten Mastabschnitt (2.1) und dem ersten Auslegerabschnitt (4.1) zu führen, wobei die Achsen der Riemenscheiben (24) nicht parallel sind, wobei die Riemenscheiben (24) derart angeordnet sind, dass zwei aufeinanderfolgende Riemenscheiben (24) entlang des Hebeseils (22) zwei kollineare tangentiale Richtungen aufweisen.
  12. Turmkran (1) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei, wenn der Turmkran (1) in Transportkonfiguration ist, der erste (4.1) und der zweite (4.2) Auslegerabschnitt überlagert und neben dem Mast (2) angeordnet sind.
EP16201221.5A 2015-12-23 2016-11-29 Turmkran mit automatischer ein- und ausklappfunktion, der einen mast und einen zum mast versetzten ausleger umfasst Active EP3184481B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1563220A FR3046149B1 (fr) 2015-12-23 2015-12-23 Grue a tour a depliage et repliage automatiques et comprenant un mat et une fleche decalee par rapport au mat

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EP3184481B1 true EP3184481B1 (de) 2019-01-23

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DE102015003982A1 (de) * 2015-03-26 2016-09-29 Liebherr-Werk Biberach Gmbh Kranturm
FR3046152B1 (fr) * 2015-12-23 2017-12-29 Manitowoc Crane Group France Unite de relevage, grue a fleche relevable comprenant une telle unite de relevage et procede d’assemblage d’une telle grue
DE102016015385A1 (de) * 2016-12-22 2018-06-28 Liebherr-Werk Biberach Gmbh Kran mit Abklappausleger
JP7187856B2 (ja) 2018-07-12 2022-12-13 コベルコ建機株式会社 リンク機構
FR3102763B1 (fr) 2019-10-31 2021-11-12 Manitowoc Crane Group France Grue à tour avec poinçon à pliage et dépliage automatiques
ES2910102A1 (es) 2020-11-09 2022-05-11 Saez Machinery S L Grua torre de plegado y desplegado automatizado

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Publication number Publication date
CN106904541B (zh) 2020-03-03
CN106904541A (zh) 2017-06-30
FR3046149A1 (fr) 2017-06-30
EP3184481A1 (de) 2017-06-28
ES2721303T3 (es) 2019-07-30
US10577228B2 (en) 2020-03-03
FR3046149B1 (fr) 2017-12-29
US20170183203A1 (en) 2017-06-29

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