EP3075032B1 - Kompakte antennenstruktur für satellitentelekommunikation - Google Patents

Kompakte antennenstruktur für satellitentelekommunikation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3075032B1
EP3075032B1 EP14805281.4A EP14805281A EP3075032B1 EP 3075032 B1 EP3075032 B1 EP 3075032B1 EP 14805281 A EP14805281 A EP 14805281A EP 3075032 B1 EP3075032 B1 EP 3075032B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna structure
elementary
antenna
diameter
transmitting
Prior art date
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EP14805281.4A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3075032A2 (de
Inventor
Friedman Tchoffo Talom
Dominique Jousse
Sébastien Benoît Charles POTTIER
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Thales SA
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Thales SA
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H01Q21/067—Two dimensional planar arrays using endfire radiating aerial units transverse to the plane of the array
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q11/00—Electrically-long antennas having dimensions more than twice the shortest operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q11/02—Non-resonant antennas, e.g. travelling-wave antenna
    • H01Q11/08—Helical antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
    • H01Q21/0012—Radial guide fed arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/08—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/20—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a curvilinear path
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an antenna structure for telecommunications, a platform comprising the antenna structure and a method for satellite communication between two stations using the antenna structure.
  • obtaining good quality communication involves specific performances for the electromagnetic waves produced by the antenna structure used in the communication in terms of gain and level of the secondary lobes (ratio between the intensity of the secondary lobes and the intensity of the main lobe).
  • an antenna structure of the parabolic type comprising a source producing electromagnetic waves and a parabola arranged to focus the electromagnetic waves produced by the source.
  • the source is positioned at a focal point of the dish.
  • the parabola In order to have the best performance with regard to the criteria mentioned above in terms of gain and level of the secondary lobes, the parabola must have a diameter of at least 40 centimeters to avoid significant masking of the emitting source.
  • the antenna structure may have an awkward bulk in certain applications involving in particular the installation of the antenna structure on an aerial platform, for example, on a helicopter.
  • the use of an antenna structure with electronic scanning may involve the use of an additional polarizer, which may slightly degrade the gain of the radiating structure comprising the antenna structure and the polarizer.
  • at least one motorization is essential.
  • the invention proposes an antenna structure for telecommunications, in particular by satellite, according to the claims.
  • An antenna structure 10 for telecommunications, in particular by satellite, is represented on the figure 1 .
  • the antenna structure 10 comprises an elementary antenna 12, a transmission-reception surface 14 and a radome 16.
  • the elementary antenna 12 has a helical shape.
  • the elementary antenna 12 comprises an emissive part consisting of a metal wire describing a spiral which winds around an axis. In this case, this axis is the normal to the transmission-reception surface 14.
  • the projection of the spiral on the transmission-reception surface 14 is a circle whose diameter is denoted D. In a manner known per se, the diameter of the projection of the spiral, the number of turns of the spiral, the spacing between these turns make it possible to determine the frequency or frequencies that the elementary antenna 12 is capable of transmitting or receiving.
  • the elementary antenna 12 can be sized to transmit and/or receive an electromagnetic wave having a frequency greater than 4 GHz for applications in the context of satellite communications. This means that such an elementary antenna 12 has an extension along the direction Z less than 20 millimeters (mm) and a diameter less than 30 mm.
  • the elementary antenna 12 is sized to transmit and/or receive an electromagnetic wave having a frequency comprised between 4 GHz and 50 GHz.
  • This means that such an elementary antenna 12 has an extension along the Z direction of between 1.5 mm and 20 mm and a diameter of between 2 mm and 30 mm.
  • the elementary antenna 12 is sized to transmit and/or receive an electromagnetic wave having a frequency comprised in a spectrum band chosen from the X band and the Ku band.
  • an electromagnetic wave in the field of satellite communications belongs to the X band when the wave has a frequency between 7.2 GHz and 8.4 GHz.
  • an elementary antenna 12 is capable of transmitting and/or receiving an electromagnetic wave belonging to the X band if the elementary antenna 12 has an extension along the Z direction comprised between 9 mm and 10 mm and a diameter comprised between 14 mm and 15mm.
  • an electromagnetic wave in the field of satellite communications belongs to the Ku band when the wave has a frequency between 10.7 GHz and 14.25 GHz.
  • an elementary antenna 12 is capable of transmitting and/or receiving an electromagnetic wave belonging to the Ku band if the elementary antenna 12 has an extension along the direction Z comprised between 6 mm and 8 mm and a diameter comprised between 10 mm and 12mm.
  • the elementary antenna 12 extends between a first end 18 fed by a coaxial port present on the transmission-reception surface 14 and a second end 20 remote from the transmission-reception surface 14.
  • the first end 18 is adjacent to the transmission-reception surface 14.
  • the elementary antenna 12 thus protrudes from the transmission-reception surface 14.
  • the transmission-reception surface 14 is circular in shape.
  • the transmission-reception surface 14 has an area A less than or equal to 100* ⁇ 2 where "*" designates the mathematical operation of multiplication, and ⁇ designates the average wavelength of the different wavelengths of the waves that the elementary antennas 12 are sized to transmit and/or receive.
  • the area A is less than 7600 mm 2 .
  • the antenna structure 10 further comprises a cylindrical casing 22 whose base surface is the transmission-reception surface 22.
  • the housing 22 delimits a cavity for supplying the elementary antenna 12 with electromagnetic waves arranged with coaxial access orifices present on the transmission-reception surface 14.
  • the housing 22 includes an inlet 24 for injecting an electromagnetic wave, the electric field of the electromagnetic wave then propagating in the radial cavity.
  • the elementary antenna 12 is provided with an electric field insertion element. This means that the elementary antenna 12 does not have a magnetic field insertion loop.
  • the electric field insertion element is a metal rod which may or may not be in contact with the housing 22.
  • a dielectric isolation device is inserted between the rod and the casing 22 which makes it possible to maintain the straightness of the rod and incidentally of the elementary antenna 12.
  • this dielectric device has dielectric characteristics of less than 4 in order to guarantee optimum performance of the antenna structure.
  • the radome 16 has a cylindrical shape, the base of which is the emission-reception surface 14.
  • the radome 16 has a diameter of less than 50 millimeters (mm).
  • the radome 16 has an extension, along the Z direction, of less than 14 mm and is positioned at a distance greater than 1 mm from the elementary antennas 12.
  • the antenna structure 10 can be made of metallized plastic, in particular the case 22 and the elementary antenna 22 are made of such a material to limit its overall weight. But ideally, the material should be a conductive metal.
  • the antenna structure 10 is powered by an electromagnetic wave.
  • the elementary antenna 12 picks up the electric field resulting from this electromagnetic wave to emit a wave in the desired frequency band.
  • the figure 4 shows that over the whole band of interest (in this case it is the X band) the adaptation is less than -20 dB. This testifies to the good adaptation in terms of antenna impedance for operation in the X band.
  • the antenna structure 10 has a gain of the order of 13 dB.
  • the helical elementary source has a wide band, i.e. a band greater than 25% around the central operating frequency, with circular polarization and very good radiation efficiency (in particular the axial ratio for such a small antenna is better than in the state of the art and apodization of the emitted wave facilitated).
  • the antenna structure 10 has better performance than a parabola of reduced size, better compactness and reduced weight (this effect being accentuated in the other embodiments presented below).
  • This reduced weight makes it possible to reduce the constraints in particular in the case where the antenna structure 10 is accompanied by a mechanical positioner.
  • the antenna structure 10 is capable of emitting a circular polarized wave without using an additional polarizer.
  • the figures 6 and 7 illustrate a second embodiment of the antenna structure 10 according to the invention.
  • the elements identical to the first embodiment of the figure 1 are not described again. Only the differences are highlighted.
  • the antenna structure 10 comprises a plurality of elementary antennas 12.
  • Each elementary antenna 12 of figures 6 and 7 is identical to the elementary antenna 12 described with reference to the figure 1 .
  • some antennas are different.
  • the antenna structure 10 comprises at least two sets of a plurality of elementary antennas 12. According to the example of figure 6 , the antenna structure 10 comprises four sets 30, 32, 34, 36 of plurality of elementary antennas 12.
  • the elementary antennas 12 of each set 30, 32, 34, 36 are arranged along a circle of radius specific to this set 30, 32, 34, 36, all said circles 30, 32, 34, 36 being concentric.
  • the first assembly 30 comprises six elementary antennae 12 arranged along a first circle having a first radius R1; the second set 32 comprises fourteen elementary antennas 12 arranged along a second circle having a second radius R2; the third set 34 comprises twenty elementary antennae 12 arranged along the third circle having a third radius R3 and the fourth set 36 comprises twenty-six elementary antennae 12 arranged along the fourth circle having a fourth radius R4.
  • the four rays R1, R2, R3, R4 are such that the first ray R1 is less than the second ray R2, the second ray R2 is less than the third ray R3, the third ray R3 is less than the fourth ray R4.
  • the elementary antennas 12 are provided with electric field insertion elements.
  • the electric field insertion elements are in the form of metal rods. This means that the elementary antennas 12 do not have a magnetic field insertion loop.
  • the antenna structure 10 further comprises a cylindrical casing 22 whose base surface is the transmission-reception surface 22.
  • the rods supplying the elementary antennas 12 may or may not be in contact with the casing 22. In the event that there is no contact, a dielectric isolation device is inserted between the rod and the casing 22 which makes it possible to maintain the straightness of the rod and incidentally of the elementary antenna 12.
  • the box 22 delimits a cavity for supplying the elementary antennas 12 with electromagnetic waves arranged in contact with the transmission-reception surface 14.
  • the radome 16 has a cylindrical shape, the base of which is the emission-reception surface 14.
  • the radome 16 has a diameter less than 350 mm and a height less than 30 mm.
  • the operation of the antenna structure 10 according to the second embodiment is similar to the operation of the antenna structure 10 according to the first embodiment.
  • the antenna structure 10 has a gain of the order of 28 dB.
  • the production of the antenna structure 10 is simplified since the power supply cavity is not very complex.
  • the antenna structure 10 has a wide band, greater than 10% around the central operating frequency and very good radiation efficiency (better than 70%) with low losses.
  • the optimization of the antenna structure 10 to improve the reduction of secondary lobes is also easy to implement since these depend solely on the position and orientation of the elementary antennas 12.
  • the size of the antenna structure 10 is reduced, in particular in the Z direction. This results in better compactness of the antenna structure 10.
  • the gain of the antenna structure 10 is easily controllable since the increase in the number of elementary antennas 12 leads to an increase in the gain of the antenna structure 10.
  • the antenna structure 10 has a lower mass than the parabola of a parabolic antenna structure 10 whose source is offset, in particular if the material is metallized plastic.
  • the antenna structure 10 is made of metallized plastic, this can lead to reductions in the manufacturing cost of the antenna structure 10.
  • the figures 9 and 10 illustrate a third embodiment of the antenna structure 10.
  • the elements identical to the first embodiment of the figure 1 are not described again. Only the differences are highlighted.
  • the antenna structure 10 instead of a single elementary antenna 12, the antenna structure 10 comprises a plurality of elementary antennas 12.
  • Each elementary antenna 12 of the figure 9 is identical to the elementary antenna 12 described with reference to the figure 1 .
  • some antennas are different.
  • the antenna structure 10 comprises at least two sets of a plurality of elementary antennas 12. According to the example of figure 9 , the antenna structure 10 comprises twelve sets 50 of plurality of elementary antennas 12.
  • each set 50 comprises twelve elementary antennas 12 fed in propagating mode in a linear guide.
  • the elementary antennas 12 of each set 50 are along a specific line of this set 50.
  • Each eigenline is parallel to the other eigenlines.
  • the antenna structure 10 comprises a plurality of elementary sources 52.
  • the number of elementary sources 52 is identical to the number of sets 50 that the antenna structure 10 comprises. In this case, the antenna structure 10 comprises twelve elementary sources 52.
  • Each antenna elementary 12 is powered by a respective power source 52.
  • the radome 16 has a parallelepiped shape, the base of which is the transmission-reception surface 14.
  • the radome 16 has a length of less than 300 mm and a width of less than 200 mm.
  • the operation of the antenna structure 10 according to the third embodiment is similar to the operation of the antenna structure 10 according to the first embodiment.
  • the losses are reduced, in particular in the context of use of the scanning antenna type.
  • the production of the antenna structure 10 is also simplified.
  • the antenna structure 10 has a reduced size compared to the antenna structures of the state of the technique for identical performance in terms of radiation.
  • the antenna structure 10 is capable of emitting a circular polarized emission without using an additional polarizer. This improved compactness is accompanied by a gain in lightness and a gain in radiation performance (wideband) compared to a small dish (diameter less than 40 cm for operation in X band). Furthermore, the antenna structure 10 is easy to make and can be manufactured at low cost.
  • the antenna structure 10 proposed can be used as a substitute for a small-sized parabolic antenna and/or a scanning antenna for telecommunications applications between two stations, in particular by satellite. It should be noted that in this case, the radiation pattern of the antenna structure 10 thus produced complies with the templates specified for use with certain satellites.
  • Such an antenna structure 10 can advantageously be used in a platform, in particular an aerial platform of the helicopter type.
  • the compactness of the antenna structure 10 makes it possible to reduce the constraints on the installation of equipment in the platform.
  • the figure 12 illustrates a fourth embodiment of the antenna structure 10 according to the invention.
  • the elements identical to the first embodiment of the figure 1 are not described again. Only the differences are highlighted.
  • the elementary antenna 12 includes an electric field insertion element 100.
  • the box 22 has a first inner wall 102 and a second inner wall 104 which delimit in the direction Z the electromagnetic wave supply cavity.
  • At least one coaxial access port 106 is made in the transmit-receive surface 14.
  • Radome 16 includes a third interior wall 108 and a positioning cavity 110. Radome 16 is configured to be attached to housing 22.
  • a dielectric isolation device 112 is inserted between the rod and the casing 22.
  • the dielectric device 112 is provided to maintain the straightness of the elementary antenna 12.
  • the dielectric isolation device 112 also makes it possible to prevent contact between the elementary antenna 12 and box 22.
  • the electric field insertion member 100 is a rod. Furthermore, the rod 100 is made of metal.
  • the rod 100 is bent so that the rod 100 comprises two rectilinear parts 114, 116 connected by an elbow 118.
  • the first interior wall 102 is parallel to the transmission-reception surface 14. On the figure 12 , the first inner wall 102 is in the form of a disc. The first lower wall 102 is distant, in the direction Z, by a first distance H1 from the transmission-reception surface 14.
  • the second interior wall 104 is parallel to the emission-reception surface 14.
  • the second interior wall 104 is carried by the same part as the emission-reception surface 14.
  • the second inner wall 104 is in the form of a disc.
  • the coaxial access orifice 106 is delimited in the direction Z by the transmission-reception surface 14 and the first inner surface 100.
  • the coaxial access orifice 106 is cylindrical with a circular base, axis Z.
  • L Cylindrical access port 106 has a first diameter D1.
  • the third interior wall 108 faces the transmission-reception surface 14. In the direction Z, the third interior wall 108 is a second distance H2 from the second interior wall 104.
  • Positioning cavity 110 is configured to receive dielectric device 112 in an inserted position.
  • the positioning cavity 110 is cylindrical with a circular base.
  • the positioning cavity 110 has a second diameter D2.
  • the positioning cavity 110 has a first depth P1.
  • the dielectric device 112 comprises a first end 120, a second end 122, a side surface 124 and a cavity 126 for receiving the elementary antenna 12.
  • the first rectilinear part 114 extends along the Z direction while the second rectilinear part 116 extends along the Y direction.
  • the first rectilinear part 114 has a first length L1 along the direction Z.
  • the first rectilinear part 114 is cylindrical, of axis Z
  • the first rectilinear part 114 is cylindrical with a circular base.
  • the first rectilinear part 114 has a third diameter D3.
  • the second rectilinear part 116 has a second length L2 along the direction X.
  • the second rectilinear part 116 is cylindrical with axis X.
  • the second rectilinear part 116 has a fourth diameter D4.
  • the fourth diameter D4 is equal to the third diameter D3.
  • the first length L1 is greater than the second length L2. According to the example of figure 12 , the first length L1 is greater than twice the second length L2.
  • the first end 120 is adapted to be inserted into the positioning cavity 110.
  • the first end 120 is flat.
  • the first end 120 is perpendicular to the direction Z.
  • the first end 120 is cylindrical with a circular base, and has a fifth diameter D5.
  • the fifth diameter D5 is less than or equal to the second diameter D2.
  • Second end 122 is parallel to first end 120. Second end 122 is planar. The second end 122 is cylindrical with a circular base, and has a sixth diameter D6. The sixth diameter D6 is greater than or equal to the fifth diameter D5. The sixth diameter D6 is less than or equal to the first diameter D1.
  • the side surface 124 has a symmetry of revolution around the Z axis.
  • the side surface 124 has a first end part 128, a second end part 130 and a middle part 132.
  • the receiving cavity 126 is configured to receive the rod 100.
  • the receiving cavity 126 is able to hold the rod 100 in position relative to the dielectric device 112.
  • the receiving cavity 126 is formed by the union of an axial cavity 134 and a side cavity 136.
  • the first end part 128 is located between the middle part 132 of the lateral surface 124 and the first end 120.
  • the first end part 128 comprises a first shoulder 137, a first portion 138 delimited in the direction Z by the shoulder 137 and the first end 120, and a second portion 139 delimited in the direction Z by the shoulder 137 and the middle part 132.
  • the first shoulder 137 is located at a third distance H3 from the first end 120.
  • the third distance H3 is less than or equal to the depth P1.
  • the first shoulder 137 is located at a fourth distance H4 from the second end 122.
  • the fourth distance H4 is equal to the second distance H2.
  • the first portion 138 is complementary to the positioning cavity 110.
  • the first portion 138 is cylindrical with an axis Z.
  • the first portion 138 is cylindrical with a circular base.
  • the diameter of the first portion 138 is equal to the fifth diameter D5.
  • the first portion 138 is capable of being tightly mounted in the positioning cavity 110.
  • the fifth diameter D5 is equal to the second diameter D2.
  • the second portion 139 is cylindrical with an axis Z.
  • the second portion 139 is cylindrical with a circular base.
  • the diameter of the second portion 139 is equal to the sixth diameter D6.
  • the second end part 130 is located between the middle part 132 of the side surface 124 and the second end 122.
  • the second end part 120 is cylindrical with axis Z.
  • the second end part 130 is cylindrical with circular base.
  • the diameter of the second end part 130 is equal to the sixth diameter D6.
  • the middle part 132 is located between the first end part 128 and the second end part 130.
  • the middle part 132 is delimited in the direction Z by a second shoulder 140 and a third shoulder 142.
  • the middle part 132 comprises, in addition, a crown 144.
  • the second shoulder 140 is included, in the direction Z, between the ring 144 and the first end 120.
  • the third shoulder 142 is included, in the direction Z, between the ring 144 and the second end 122. In the direction Z, the third shoulder 142 is located at a fourth distance H4 from the second end 122. On the figure 12 , the fourth distance H4 is equal to the first distance H1.
  • the axial cavity 134 extends between the second end 122 and the first shoulder 142.
  • the axial cavity 134 is capable of receiving the first rectilinear part 114 by a translation in the direction Y.
  • the axial cavity 134 is parallelepipedal.
  • the three pairs of sides of the axial cavity 134 are respectively perpendicular to the directions X, Y and Z.
  • the axial cavity 134 has a first width l1 greater than or equal to the third diameter D3.
  • the first width l1 is equal to the third diameter D3.
  • the axial cavity 134 is configured such that, when the first rectilinear part 114 is inserted into the axial cavity 134, the axis of revolution of the first rectilinear part 114 coincides with the axis of revolution of the lateral surface 124.
  • the lateral cavity 136 is between the second shoulder 142 and the third shoulder 144.
  • the lateral cavity 136 is capable of receiving the second rectilinear part 116 by a translation in the direction Y.
  • the lateral cavity 136 is parallelepipedic.
  • the three pairs of sides of the axial cavity 134 are respectively perpendicular to the directions X, Y and Z.
  • the lateral cavity 136 has a second width l2 greater than or equal to the fourth diameter D4.
  • the second width l2 is equal to the fourth diameter D4.
  • Crown 144 is cylindrical with a circular base, axis Z. Crown 144 has a seventh diameter D7.
  • the seventh diameter D7 is greater than or equal to the sixth diameter D6.
  • the seventh diameter D7 is less than the first diameter D1.
  • Crown 144 is delimited in direction Z by second shoulder 142 and third shoulder 144.
  • crown 144 In direction Z, crown 144 has a third width L3.
  • the third width L3 is greater than the fourth diameter D4.
  • the operation of the antenna structure 10 according to the fourth embodiment is similar to the operation of the antenna structure 10 according to the first embodiment.
  • the straightness of the dielectric device 112 is fixed by the construction of the radome 16 and of the positioning cavity 110. No specific tool is therefore employed to fix the straightness of the dielectric device 112.
  • the dielectric device 112 is fixed relative to the radome 16, in the absence of a force exerted by an operator. This means that, when the dielectric device 112 is in its inserted position, the positioning cavity 110 exerts on the dielectric device a clamping force greater than the sum of the weights of the dielectric device 112 and of the elementary antenna 12.
  • the radome 16 it is possible to pre-assemble a plurality of elementary antennas 12 and dielectric devices 112 to the radome 16 before fixing the radome 16 to the casing 22.
  • Each of the elementary antennas 12 can be easily removed or replaced.
  • the assembly of the antenna structure 10 is thus simplified.
  • the elementary antenna 12 is inserted into the dielectric device 112.
  • the dielectric device 112 is then inserted into the positioning cavity 110, then the radome 16 is fixed to the casing 22.
  • the dielectric device 112 then extends through the coaxial access port 106 without being in contact with the transceiver surface 14.

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Claims (9)

  1. Antennenstruktur (10) für Telekommunikation, insbesondere über Satelliten, die Antennenstruktur (10) umfassend:
    - mindestens eine Elementarantenne (12), die eine Spiralform aufweist und dimensioniert ist, um mindestens eine elektromagnetische Welle auszusenden und/oder zu empfangen, die eine Frequenz über 4 GHz, vorzugsweise zwischen 4 GHz und 50 GHz, aufweist, die insbesondere in einem Spektralband liegt, das ausgewählt ist aus dem X-Band und dem Ku-Band, wobei jeder Elementarantenne (12) eine Einleitschleife des Magnetfelds fehlt und ferner umfassend ein Einleitelement (100) des elektrischen Felds, wobei das Einleitelement (100) ein Metallstab ist und jede Elementarantenne (12) ferner eine dielektrische Vorrichtung (112) zur Isolierung umfasst,
    - eine Sende-/Empfangsfläche (14), wobei sich jede Elementarantenne (12) zwischen einem ersten Ende (18), das an die Sende-/Empfangsfläche (14) angrenzt, und einem zweiten Ende (20), das von der Sende-/Empfangsfläche (14) entfernt ist, erstreckt,
    - ein Gehäuse (22), dessen Grundfläche die Sende-/Empfangsfläche (14) ist, die einen Hohlraum zur Versorgung der Elementarantennen (12) mit elektromagnetischen Wellen begrenzt, der in Kontakt mit der Sende-/Empfangsfläche (14) angeordnet ist, wobei die dielektrische Vorrichtung (112) zur Isolierung zwischen dem Stab (100) und dem Gehäuse (22) eingefügt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Antennenstruktur (10) Folgendes umfasst:
    - ein Radom (16), das geeignet ist, an dem Gehäuse (22) befestigt zu werden, und einen Positionierungshohlraum (110) umfasst, der geeignet ist, die dielektrische Vorrichtung (112) in einer eingeführten Position aufzunehmen,
    die dielektrische Vorrichtung (112) umfassend einen kreisbasierten zylindrischen Kranz (144), der einen Durchmesser (D7) aufweist, die Sende-/Empfangsfläche (14) umfassend eine koaxiale Zugangsöffnung (106), die in der Lage ist, die dielektrische Vorrichtung (112) aufzunehmen, wobei die koaxiale Zugangsöffnung (106) kreisbasiert zylindrisch ist und einen ersten Durchmesser (D1) aufweist, wobei der erste Durchmesser (D1) der koaxialen Zugangsöffnung (106) größer ist als der Durchmesser (D7) des Kranzes (144).
  2. Antennenstruktur nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Gehäuse (22) eine erste Innenwand (102) parallel zu der Sende-/Empfangsfläche (14) aufweist, wobei die Sende-/Empfangsfläche (14) zwischen der ersten Innenwand (102) und dem Radom (16) liegt, wobei die dielektrische Vorrichtung (112) an der ersten Innenwand (102) anliegt, wenn das Radom (16) an dem Gehäuse (22) befestigt ist und die dielektrische Vorrichtung (112) in ihrer eingeführten Position ist.
  3. Antennenstruktur nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei die dielektrische Vorrichtung (112) einen Hohlraum (126) zur Aufnahme des Stabs (100) umfasst.
  4. Antennenstruktur nach Anspruch 3, wobei der Stab (100) einen ersten geraden Abschnitt (114) umfasst, der zylindrisch mit kreisförmiger Basis ist, die dielektrische Vorrichtung (112) einen ersten Endabschnitt (128) und einen zweiten Endabschnitt (130) umfasst, der zylindrisch mit kreisförmiger Basis ist, und der Aufnahmehohlraum (126) einen axialen Hohlraum (134) aufweist, der geeignet ist, um den ersten geraden Abschnitt (114) aufzunehmen,
    wobei der erste geradlinige Abschnitt (114) einen vierten Durchmesser (D4) aufweist, der zweite Endabschnitt (130) einen sechsten Durchmesser (D6) aufweist und der axiale Hohlraum (134) eine zweite Tiefe (P2) aufweist, die gleich wie die Hälfte der Summe des vierten Durchmessers (D4) und des sechsten Durchmessers (D6) ist.
  5. Antennenstruktur nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei die Sende-/Empfangsfläche (14) allgemein kreisförmig ist und die Antennenstruktur (10) mindestens zwei Einheiten einer Vielzahl von Elementarantennen (12) umfasst, wobei die Elementarantennen (12) von jeder Einheit (30, 32, 34, 36) entlang eines Kreises mit eigenem Radius (R1, R2, R3, R4) dieser Einheit (30, 32, 34, 36) angeordnet sind, wobei alle diese Kreise konzentrisch sind.
  6. Antennenstruktur nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei die Sende-/Empfangsfläche (14) eine allgemein rechteckige Form hat.
  7. Antennenstruktur nach Anspruch 6, umfassend Stromquellen (52) und mindestens zwei Einheiten (50) einer Vielzahl von Elementarantennen (12), wobei die Elementarantennen (12) von jeder Einheit (50) entlang einer eigenen Leitung dieser Einheit (50) verlaufen, wobei jede Leitung parallel zu den anderen eigenen Leitungen ist und von einer jeweiligen Stromquelle (52) gespeist wird.
  8. Plattform, insbesondere Luftplattform, umfassend mindestens eine Antennenstruktur (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7.
  9. Verfahren zur Telekommunikation, insbesondere über Satelliten, zwischen zwei Stationen, umfassend einen Schritt eines Aussendens oder Empfangens von elektromagnetischen Wellen, die eine Frequenz über 4 GHz, vorzugsweise zwischen 4 GHz und 50 GHz, aufweisen, insbesondere in einem Spektralband, das ausgewählt ist aus dem X-Band und dem Ku-Band, durch eine Antennenstruktur (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7.
EP14805281.4A 2013-11-28 2014-11-28 Kompakte antennenstruktur für satellitentelekommunikation Active EP3075032B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR1302759A FR3013905B1 (fr) 2013-11-28 2013-11-28 Structure antennaire compacte pour telecommunications par satellites
PCT/EP2014/075996 WO2015079038A2 (fr) 2013-11-28 2014-11-28 Structure antennaire compacte pour télécommunications par satellites

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EP3075032B1 true EP3075032B1 (de) 2022-06-15

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2227369A (en) * 1989-01-18 1990-07-25 Tdk Corp A circular polarization antenna system
JP2004056280A (ja) * 2002-07-17 2004-02-19 Alps Electric Co Ltd ヘリカルアンテナ
US20100309089A1 (en) * 2009-06-08 2010-12-09 Lockheed Martin Corporation Planar array antenna having radome over protruding antenna elements

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH07120895B2 (ja) * 1990-03-15 1995-12-20 八木アンテナ株式会社 ヘリカルアンテナ装置
JP2506514B2 (ja) * 1991-06-06 1996-06-12 八木アンテナ株式会社 平面アンテナ
KR0147035B1 (ko) * 1993-07-31 1998-08-17 배순훈 개선된 헤리컬 와이어 배열 평면안테나

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2227369A (en) * 1989-01-18 1990-07-25 Tdk Corp A circular polarization antenna system
JP2004056280A (ja) * 2002-07-17 2004-02-19 Alps Electric Co Ltd ヘリカルアンテナ
US20100309089A1 (en) * 2009-06-08 2010-12-09 Lockheed Martin Corporation Planar array antenna having radome over protruding antenna elements

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WO2015079038A2 (fr) 2015-06-04
WO2015079038A3 (fr) 2015-07-23
FR3013905A1 (fr) 2015-05-29
EP3075032A2 (de) 2016-10-05
ES2926932T3 (es) 2022-10-31
FR3013905B1 (fr) 2017-05-19

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