EP3012234B1 - A dispenser for gobs of molten glass for hollow-glass forming machines - Google Patents

A dispenser for gobs of molten glass for hollow-glass forming machines Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3012234B1
EP3012234B1 EP15185165.6A EP15185165A EP3012234B1 EP 3012234 B1 EP3012234 B1 EP 3012234B1 EP 15185165 A EP15185165 A EP 15185165A EP 3012234 B1 EP3012234 B1 EP 3012234B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dispenser
rack
distributor
scoops
pair
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15185165.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3012234A1 (en
Inventor
William Schiavo
Cristian Vanzin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bdf Industries SpA
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Bdf Industries SpA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3012234A1 publication Critical patent/EP3012234A1/en
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B7/00—Distributors for the molten glass; Means for taking-off charges of molten glass; Producing the gob, e.g. controlling the gob shape, weight or delivery tact
    • C03B7/14—Transferring molten glass or gobs to glass blowing or pressing machines
    • C03B7/16—Transferring molten glass or gobs to glass blowing or pressing machines using deflector chutes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B7/00—Distributors for the molten glass; Means for taking-off charges of molten glass; Producing the gob, e.g. controlling the gob shape, weight or delivery tact
    • C03B7/20—Scoop feeders
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B7/00—Distributors for the molten glass; Means for taking-off charges of molten glass; Producing the gob, e.g. controlling the gob shape, weight or delivery tact
    • C03B7/14—Transferring molten glass or gobs to glass blowing or pressing machines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B9/00—Blowing glass; Production of hollow glass articles
    • C03B9/02—Blowing glass; Production of hollow glass articles with the mouth; Auxiliary means therefor
    • C03B9/04—Making hollow glass articles with feet or projections
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B9/00—Blowing glass; Production of hollow glass articles
    • C03B9/30—Details of blowing glass; Use of materials for the moulds
    • C03B9/40—Gearing or controlling mechanisms specially adapted for glass-blowing machines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to dispensers for gobs of molten glass for hollow-glass forming machines, in particular of the type including:
  • Dispensers of the above type are known, for example, from documents EP 2 051 949 B1 , EP 0 202 116 B1 , DE 25 01 109 A1 , and JP H01 270 522 A .
  • Hollow-glass forming machines i.e., machines for the production of hollow articles made of glass, such as bottles or similar containers, generally include a top hopper, which contains molten glass material and from which a stream of molten glass is fed, which is sheared to form gobs of pre-set volume using a shearing device generally referred to as "feeder".
  • a gob-dispensing device Located downstream of the shearing device is a gob-dispensing device, generally including one or more distributor scoops configured for conveying the gobs of molten glass into parison moulds where a parison of the container is obtained, which is then subjected to a subsequent operation of forming in a further mould set immediately downstream.
  • Each dispensing device in general comprises from one to four scoops made of metal material (typically aluminium), each of which gives out in correspondence of inlet troughs of corresponding parison moulds, and which are driven in rotation about a corresponding axis so as to feed sequentially the corresponding set of parison moulds.
  • metal material typically aluminium
  • each scoop has a pendular motion of an intermittent and sequential type along an array of inlet troughs of parison moulds, which is governed by means of a motor assembly and a mechanical transmission.
  • each parison mould with one to four cavities, is supplied at predetermined intervals (hence intermittently) depending upon the motion of the distributor scoop or scoops.
  • dispensers for gobs of molten glass of a known type envisage operation of all the distributor scoops by means of a single motor assembly. If on one hand this may prove convenient as far as constructional simplicity is concerned, on the other hand it precludes the possibility of regulating the position of each distributor scoop independently.
  • the inlet cavities of the parison moulds are generally extended outwards via troughs arranged according to a fan-like arrangement converging towards the outlets of the distributor scoops so as to limit as far as possible the movement of the distributor scoops during feed of the parison moulds located in the outermost position in the array.
  • the document No. EP 2 051 949 B1 envisages a transmission of motion from the motors to the distributor scoops by means of a kinematic chain including a cogged belt, a ballscrew, which receives its motion through said cogged belt, and a rack carried by the ballscrew, that meshes with a pinion connected in rotation to the corresponding scoop.
  • the flexibility of operation that is provided by the aforesaid independent control of the distributor scoops is substantially neutralized by an extremely poor controllability and precision of positioning in the case where the dispenser has to operate at high processing rates (from 120 to 170 sheared gobs per minute, which today represents a standard in the hollow-glass forming industry).
  • the dynamic stiffness of the kinematic chain illustrated in the above document degrades in fact in a way proportional to the increase of the processing rate, and also the positioning precision degrades therewith.
  • each distributor scoop is subject to an extremely high number of arrests, resumptions, and reversals of motion, during which each transmission is subject to stresses of an impulsive and/or non-stationary nature.
  • the frequencies typical of these stresses are such as to result in repeated lengthening and contraction of the cogged belt of an amplitude considerably higher than the intrinsic errors of positioning of the system, without considering the fact that these movements turn into corresponding rotational motions of the ballscrew, with consequent undesirable operation of the scoops.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the technical problems mentioned previously.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a dispenser for gobs of molten glass for a hollow-glass forming machine in which it is possible to achieve - at the same time - a high flexibility of operation and an equally high precision of operation at any processing rate.
  • a dispenser for gobs of molten glass for hollow-glass forming machines having the features forming the subject of one or more of the ensuing claims, which form an integral part of the technical disclosure herein herein in relation to the invention.
  • a dispenser for gobs of molten glass for hollow-glass forming machines having all the features listed at the beginning of the present description and characterized in that it includes a plurality of motors configured for operating the above plurality of distributor scoops about the corresponding axes of rotation and in that each motor of the aforesaid plurality is operatively connected for operation to at least one distributor scoop of the aforesaid plurality of distributor scoops.
  • the reference number 1 designates as a whole a dispenser for gobs of molten glass for hollow-glass forming machines according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the dispenser 1 includes a supporting frame 2 carrying a plurality of scoops 3 for distributing gobs of molten glass and a plurality of motors 4, preferably electric motors, which are configured for operating the plurality of scoops 3 about corresponding axes of rotation.
  • each distributor scoop 3 is provided, each of which is distinguished by a supplementary reference A, B, C or D and which are mounted oscillating about corresponding axes of rotation Z3A, Z3B, Z3C, Z3D. All the axes Z3A, Z3B, Z3C, Z3D are mutually parallel and aligned and generally have a vertical orientation.
  • Each distributor scoop includes an inlet 3IN configured for receiving the gobs of molten glass and an outlet 3OUT, and further includes a first straight vertical stretch 3' of a length that increases progressively from the scoop 3A to the scoop 3D, and a deflector channel 3" downstream of the first stretch 3'.
  • the motors 4 are mounted on the supporting frame 2 with axes of rotation that are also mutually parallel and generally vertical.
  • four electric motors 4 are provided, each of which is distinguished by the supplementary reference A, B, C, D for association with the corresponding scoops 3 to which they are operatively connected.
  • the axes of rotation of the electric motors 4 are thus identified by the references Z4A, Z4B, Z4C, Z4D, and are arranged aligned in pairs staggered with respect to one another in a longitudinal direction (direction X) and set apart in a transverse direction (direction Y) in a way at least roughly resembling a quincuncial arrangement.
  • the supporting frame 2 includes a fixed bracket 5, a mobile bracket 6 articulated with respect to the fixed bracket 5 about a (vertical) axis of rotation Z6, and a transmission box 7 fixed to the mobile bracket 6.
  • the transmission box 7 is the element of the supporting frame 2 connected to which are all the motors 4 and all the distributor scoops 3 and which contains the mechanical transmissions that connect the scoops 3 to the motors 4 for operation.
  • Driving in rotation of the mobile bracket 6 with respect to the fixed bracket 5 is preferentially obtained by means of a linear actuator ACT (of a pneumatic type or alternatively of a hydraulic type), which has a first end E1 hinged to the fixed bracket 5 and a second end E2 hinged to the mobile bracket 6.
  • ACT of a pneumatic type or alternatively of a hydraulic type
  • the transmission box 7 has the shape of a parallelepiped including a bottom wall 8, a first side wall 9 and a second side wall 10 opposite to one another, a top wall 11 (preferentially obtained by means of a first plate 11A and a second plate 11B set alongside one another), and a first end wall 12 and a second end wall 13 opposite to one another.
  • each motor 4 is installed on the top wall 11 by interposition of a coaxial reducer 14 (for example, an epicyclic reducer) and a joint J.
  • a coaxial reducer 14 for example, an epicyclic reducer
  • the rotational motion is taken up by an output shaft of the motor 4, and by means of the joint J the rotational motion is transmitted to a shaft 15, whereon a first pinion 16 is interference fitted or made of a single piece therewith (for transmission of a torque) is a first pinion 16.
  • Both the shaft 15 and the pinion 16 are coaxial to the corresponding axis Z4A-D.
  • references 15 and 16 are always presented in association with the letters A-D used for the scoops 3 and the motors 4 so as to establish a unique association with the corresponding scoops 3A-3D and motors 4A-4D.
  • each shaft 15A-15D is rotatably mounted within the transmission box 7, and in this embodiment each of them is supported by respective rolling bearings RB housed in cups CP fixed to the bottom wall 8.
  • the shafts 15A-15D are in identical pairs and differ from one another basically in the axial position of the first pinions 16A-16D.
  • the shafts 15A and 15C carry the corresponding pinions 16A-16C in a substantially intermediate position such that, once the shafts are installed in the transmission box 7, they are located in the proximity of the top wall 11.
  • the shafts 15B, 15D carry the respective pinions 16B, 16D in a position close to the end that is to be inserted into the rolling bearing RB, hence such that the pinions 16B, 16D are located in a position closer to the bottom wall 8 once the shafts have been installed in the transmission box 7.
  • four meshing bands are defined, which are located in pairs in the proximity of a corresponding side wall 9, 10 and where the meshing bands of each pair have heights from the bottom wall 8 that differ from one another but are identical between homologous bands.
  • each side wall defined in the proximity of each side wall is an upper meshing band associated to the pinions 16A, 16C and a lower meshing band associated to the pinions 16B, 16D, wherein the upper bands have the same height from the bottom wall, as well as the lower bands, but the height differs from lower to upper bands.
  • the pinions 16A, 16B, 16C, 16D mesh with corresponding first rack sectors 17A, 17B, 17C, 17D, which are fixed, respectively, to rods 18A, 18B, 18C, 18D that are slidable in a longitudinal direction, wherein the rods 18A-D and the rack sectors 17A-17D are located in a position corresponding to the upper and lower meshing bands.
  • first rack sectors 17A, 17C with the respective rods 18A and 18C are located in a position corresponding to each upper meshing band, in particular, the upper meshing band close to the wall 9 for the sector 17A and the rod 18A, and the upper meshing band close to the wall 10 for the sector 17C and the rod 18C.
  • the rack sectors 17B, 17D with the respective rods 18B and 18D are located in a position corresponding to each lower meshing band, in particular, the lower meshing band close to the wall 9 for the sector 17D and the rod 18D, and the lower meshing band close to the wall 10 for the sector 17B and the rod 18B.
  • Each rod 18A-18D is supported by a longitudinal guide G, which is set substantially in a position corresponding to each rack sector 17A-17D and is defined by a pair of plates orthogonal to the wall 9 or to the wall 10 (according to the rod considered) between which the corresponding rod is set.
  • each guide G is a device for recovering meshing backlash between the pinion 16 and the corresponding rack sector 17, which is designated as a whole by the reference number 19 and the letter A-D to establish a unique association with the pinion-rack pairs.
  • Each backlash recovery device 19A-19D includes a gib 20 that is kept in an abutment condition against the rod 18A-18D by a screw 21 screwed into a plate PL fixed to the wall 9 or 10 (according to the device 19 considered).
  • each sleeve 22A, 22B, 22C, 22D bears, interference fitted thereon or made in a single piece therewith, a second pinion 23A, 23B, 23C, 23D, which is thus also connected in rotation to the corresponding scoop 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D and meshes with a corresponding second rack sector 24A, 24B, 24C, 24D fixed to the rod 18A, 18B, 18C, 18D, respectively.
  • each sleeve 22A-22D is hollow and forms the inlet 3IN of the corresponding scoop 3A-3D and is supported with respect to the transmission box 7 by a non-rolling bearing obtained by means of a flange FL ( Figure 5 ).
  • the rods 18 are supported by the guides G (which are identical to the previous ones) set in positions corresponding to the rack sectors 24A-24D, and each of them includes a device 19 for recovering the meshing backlash between the pinion 23 and the rack sector 24.
  • the backlash-recovery devices 19 are installed in pairs on a single plate, wherein each plate is located on a corresponding one of the walls 9 and 10, the supplementary reference adopted consists of a pair of letters.
  • a backlash-recovery device 19AB including two screws 21, one for a gib 20 that bears upon the rack sector 24A, and the other for the gib 20 that bears upon the rack sector 24B
  • a backlash-recovery device 19CD including two screws 21, one for a gib 20 that bears upon the rack sector 24C, and the other for a gib 20 that bears upon the rack sector 24D.
  • grouping of two backlash-recovery devices on a single plate is preferable on account of the smaller longitudinal centre-to-centre distance of the scoops 3 with respect to the longitudinal centre-to-centre distance that characterizes the motors 4.
  • the backlash-recovery devices 19 are associated to the pinion 16/sector 17 pairs or to the pinion 23/sector 24 pairs, they can alternatively be obtained by replacing the screw 21 with a pin preloaded by a spring against the gib 20, thus defining an automatic and continuous backlash-recovery device, which does not call for any external intervention.
  • each end wall 12, 13 Fixed to each end wall 12, 13 is a pair of pneumatic actuators 25, the stems of which carry a plate 26 configured for bearing upon a corresponding one of the ends of the rods 18A-18D, in particular during extraction of the stem itself, this consequently bringing the rods 18A-18D into a neutral position corresponding to the condition illustrated in Figure 3 , where all the scoops 3 are aligned along the longitudinal axis of the dispenser 1; i.e., they are aligned along the centreline of the transmission box 7.
  • a deflector device 27 which enables, if necessary, rejection of the gobs of glass that would otherwise enter the inlets 3IN of the scoops 3.
  • the deflector 27 is per se known and includes a deflector plate 28 that can be driven in rotation about a longitudinal axis X28 by means of a linear actuator, thus shielding the inlets 3IN from the gobs of molten glass that arrive from the hopper and from the feeder arranged above the inlets.
  • Each scoop 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D is configured for serving a plurality of troughs connected to the mouths of parison moulds for hollow glass articles (not shown) by conveying gobs of molten glass, which come from the feeder and enter the inlets 3IN, into the troughs through the outlets 3OUT.
  • each scoop 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D is driven in rotation about the respective axis Z3A, Z3B, Z3C, Z3D by a corresponding motor 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D in a completely independent way and with an intermittent movement along a circular sector at which the mouths of the troughs with which the outlet 3OUT is sequentially set in communication give out.
  • each motor 4A-4D is operatively connected for operation to a corresponding and distinct scoop 3A-3D thanks to a mechanical transmission defined by the kinematic chain constituted by the motor reducer 14, the joint J, the shaft 15, the pinion 16, the rack sector 17, the rod 18, the rack sector 24, the pinion 23, and the sleeve 22, where each mechanical transmission is completely independent of the other mechanical transmissions.
  • each scoop 3 is governed by driving in rotation the corresponding motor 4, which transmits the rotational motion to the shaft 15 through the reducer 14 and the joint J.
  • the rotational motion of the shaft 15 is converted into a linear motion of the rod 18 thanks to meshing between the pinion 16 and the rack sector 17.
  • the same linear motion is converted into rotational motion of the sleeve 22 and of the scoop 3 about the corresponding axis Z3(A-D) thanks to meshing between pinion 23 and rack sector 24.
  • the motors 4 are preferentially of a brushless type given the greater flexibility in control that characterizes this type of motor.
  • the control unit of the dispenser 1 issues a command for extraction of the stems of the actuators 25 in such a way that the plates 26 bring the rods 18A-18D, by pushing them, into a neutral central position (see Figures 1-3 ) in which the scoops 3 are all aligned in a longitudinal direction corresponding to the centreline of the transmission box 7.
  • the transmission box 7 is filled with lubricating oil that limits wear of the moving parts, especially where meshing takes place between the pinions 16, 23 and the rack sectors 17, 24, moreover lubricating also the bearing defined by the flange FL, and providing it with the features of a hydrodynamic bearing.
  • the devices 19 for recovering the meshing backlash between the pinions 16A, 16B, 16C, 16D, 23A, 23B, 23C, 23D and the rack sectors 17A, 17B, 17C, 17D, 24A, 24B, 24C, 24D make it possible to guarantee in all cases proper mating between the toothed members in order to reduce to a minimum the impacts between the teeth during reversal of motion.
  • the advantages of the dispenser 1 as compared to dispensers of a known type include a greater precision in the distribution of the gobs of molten glass not only thanks to the possibility of controlling independently the oscillating motion of the scoops 3, but also and above all thanks to the features of the mechanical transmissions that connect the motors 4 and the scoops 3.
  • the mechanical transmissions used in the dispenser 1 according to the invention chiefly exploit a double meshing between the pinion and the rack, i.e., a first meshing between first pinions 16A, 16B, 16C, 16D and first rack sectors 17A, 17B, 17C, 17D, and a second meshing between second pinions 23A, 23B, 23C, 23D and second rack sectors 24A, 24B, 24C, 24D.
  • Meshing between the pinion and the rack is substantially free from phenomena of resonance and/or drastic reduction in stiffness at the typical frequencies of operation of the dispenser 1, irrespective of the processing rate considered, which always affords an optimal position of the scoops 3 with respect to the inlets of the troughs associated to the parison moulds.
  • the rack sectors are mounted on the rods 18A, 18B, 18C, 18D, which are also substantially free from phenomena of resonance and/or drastic reduction in stiffness at the typical frequencies of operation of the dispenser 1.
  • assembly of the rack sectors does not envisage interposition of any member potentially yielding (dynamically) at the aforesaid operating frequencies, which contributes to maintaining unaltered the performance and precision of the dispenser 1 over the entire range of processing rates of interest.
  • the dispenser 1 can be made according to various embodiments wherein a plurality of motors 4 and a plurality of scoops 3 is provided and wherein each motor 4 is operatively connected for operation to at least one scoop 3 in rotation about the corresponding axis Z3.
  • the ratio between the number of scoops 3 and the number of motors 4 must always be equal to or higher than unity, with the minimum number of motors 4 equal to or greater than two (in some alternative embodiments, two or three motors 4 are, for example, provided).
  • the section to which the scoops are coupled is integrated in the dispenser itself in so far as it forms part of the transmission box 7.
  • the transmission box 7 is divided into two independent compartments, one associated to the motors 4 and the other associated to the scoops 3, in order to render the latter compartment removable and replaceable.
  • the transmission box 7 is able to turn through approximately 45° to enable convenient and safe access to the mechanism in emergency conditions.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Gear Transmission (AREA)
EP15185165.6A 2014-10-20 2015-09-15 A dispenser for gobs of molten glass for hollow-glass forming machines Active EP3012234B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITTO20140850 2014-10-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3012234A1 EP3012234A1 (en) 2016-04-27
EP3012234B1 true EP3012234B1 (en) 2017-05-31

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ID=52130711

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15185165.6A Active EP3012234B1 (en) 2014-10-20 2015-09-15 A dispenser for gobs of molten glass for hollow-glass forming machines

Country Status (9)

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US (1) US20160107915A1 (pt)
EP (1) EP3012234B1 (pt)
JP (1) JP2016079092A (pt)
CN (1) CN105523703A (pt)
ES (1) ES2628522T3 (pt)
MX (1) MX370109B (pt)
MY (1) MY181784A (pt)
PT (1) PT3012234T (pt)
RU (1) RU2015144200A (pt)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AR107962A1 (es) * 2017-03-23 2018-07-04 Vitro Sab De Cv Distribuidor de gotas para una máquina formadora de artículos de vidrio
US11407669B2 (en) * 2019-08-29 2022-08-09 Owens-Brockway Glass Container Inc. Angled blank glass feed apparatus, system, and method

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US3572136A (en) * 1969-03-17 1971-03-23 Richard B Stanley Linear actuator
US4357157A (en) * 1981-03-25 1982-11-02 Investigacion Fic Fideicomiso Electronic gob distributor for glassware forming machines and the like
US4529431A (en) * 1983-10-28 1985-07-16 Owens-Illinois, Inc. Multiple gob delivery and reject mechanism
DE3342062C2 (de) * 1983-11-22 1986-10-30 Ruhrglas AG, 4300 Essen Schaltungsanordnung zur Steuerung eines Tropfenverteilers einer Glas-Verarbeitungsmaschine
US4551163A (en) * 1984-06-04 1985-11-05 Emhart Industries, Inc. Electronic glass feeder plunger operating mechanism
SE454250B (sv) * 1984-09-24 1988-04-18 Asea Ab Industrirobot med linjera drivanordningar
US4599101A (en) 1985-05-15 1986-07-08 Emhart Industries, Inc. Universal servo-driven gob distributor
US4723977A (en) * 1986-11-19 1988-02-09 Emhart Industries, Inc. Electronic servo control of glass gob distribution
JPH01270522A (ja) * 1988-04-19 1989-10-27 Ishizuka Glass Co Ltd ゴブ分配装置
US5038654A (en) * 1989-04-04 1991-08-13 Ppg Industries, Inc. Apparatus for scoring a glass sheet
IT1236745B (it) * 1989-12-15 1993-03-31 Boscato & Dalla Fontana Perfezionamenti al distributore di gocce di vetro fuso nelle macchine formatrici di oggetti in vetro cavo.
JP2549972B2 (ja) * 1992-10-06 1996-10-30 東洋ガラス株式会社 製びん機のゴブ分配装置
US5637128A (en) * 1992-12-28 1997-06-10 Vidriera Monterrey, S.A. Gob distributor for glassware forming machines or for other materials
US5405424A (en) * 1993-05-24 1995-04-11 Owens-Brockway Glass Container Inc. Servo controlled glass gob distributor
US5697995A (en) * 1996-04-30 1997-12-16 Owens-Brockway Glass Container Inc. Belt-driven glass gob distribution with broken belt detection
US7690222B2 (en) 2006-08-02 2010-04-06 Owens-Brockway Glass Container Inc. Glass gob distribution
CN101791993A (zh) * 2010-03-03 2010-08-04 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 一种齿轮齿条式转向器啮合间隙调整机构

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2015144200A (ru) 2017-04-21
ES2628522T3 (es) 2017-08-03
MX2015014805A (es) 2016-07-14
EP3012234A1 (en) 2016-04-27
MY181784A (en) 2021-01-06
JP2016079092A (ja) 2016-05-16
US20160107915A1 (en) 2016-04-21
PT3012234T (pt) 2017-07-04
CN105523703A (zh) 2016-04-27
MX370109B (es) 2019-11-29

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