EP2874765B1 - Procédé de fabrication d'un élément en tôle métallique formé et trempé au moins par endroits, et moule de trempe sous presse permettant de fabriquer un tel élément - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'un élément en tôle métallique formé et trempé au moins par endroits, et moule de trempe sous presse permettant de fabriquer un tel élément Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2874765B1
EP2874765B1 EP13737586.1A EP13737586A EP2874765B1 EP 2874765 B1 EP2874765 B1 EP 2874765B1 EP 13737586 A EP13737586 A EP 13737586A EP 2874765 B1 EP2874765 B1 EP 2874765B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blank
tool
perforation
punching
producing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13737586.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2874765A1 (fr
Inventor
Markus Löcker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kirchhoff Automotive Deutschland GmbH
Original Assignee
Kirchhoff Automotive Deutschland GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Kirchhoff Automotive Deutschland GmbH filed Critical Kirchhoff Automotive Deutschland GmbH
Priority to PL13737586T priority Critical patent/PL2874765T3/pl
Publication of EP2874765A1 publication Critical patent/EP2874765A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2874765B1 publication Critical patent/EP2874765B1/fr
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
    • B21D22/022—Stamping using rigid devices or tools by heating the blank or stamping associated with heat treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D28/00—Shaping by press-cutting; Perforating
    • B21D28/24—Perforating, i.e. punching holes
    • B21D28/26—Perforating, i.e. punching holes in sheets or flat parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D35/00—Combined processes according to or processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
    • B21D35/001—Shaping combined with punching, e.g. stamping and perforating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0294—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips involving a localised treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0062—Heat-treating apparatus with a cooling or quenching zone
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a deformed and at least partially cured sheet metal component, in particular a sheet steel component, with at least one introduced therein in which a blank heated to forming temperature, subsequently formed in a tool and then cured by appropriate cooling at least partially, wherein the at least one opening is introduced into the blank by means of a stamping process, before the blank is hardened. Furthermore, the invention relates to a press-hardening tool for producing a deformed and at least partially hardened sheet metal component with at least two mutually adjustable tool opening and closing tool parts and with a stamping punch comprehensive punching device for introducing an opening in a located between the tool parts blank.
  • Press hardening tools are tools with which metal blanks are reshaped and hardened.
  • a blank preheated according to deformation temperature is supplied to the press-hardening tool, transformed therein and, after the forming has been completed, sufficiently rapidly cooled and thus tempered to cure.
  • Such press-hardening tools are used, for example, for producing structural components of motor vehicles.
  • the blanks are sheet steel parts, so that the structural components are sheet steel components. It is also possible to further reshape already preformed sheet steel blanks in a press-hardening tool and then to treat them in the press-hardening tool.
  • a heating of the blank to its forming temperature which typically corresponds to the austenitizing temperature in the case of a blank made of steel, can in principle be carried out within the pressing tool. In most cases, however, the blank will be heated to the forming temperature in an oven and then introduced into the open press-hardening tool.
  • the Press hardening tool itself has at least two opening and closing the same adjustable tool parts, which are addressed as a rule as a die and stamp.
  • the die represents the stationary tool part, against which the punch is moved by means of a press to close the tool and thus to reshape the blank inserted therein.
  • the two tool parts For tempering the deformed blank within the press-hardening tool, the two tool parts have coolant channels through which coolant is pumped through for the purpose of the tempering or hardening process. After completion of the cooling process for at least partial hardening of the formed blank, the tool is opened and the steel sheet component removed.
  • a method and a device for producing a hardened sheet steel component are known in which, within the pressing tool, the at least one opening in the blank is introduced into the blank during cooling by means of perforation.
  • the at least one opening in the blank is introduced at a time in which this is not yet, at least not fully cured. It is emphasized in this document that the punch is brought out again immediately after the introduction of the opening from the opening to a shrinking of the blank to prevent the punch. In this way, damage to the punch to be avoided when removing or pulling it from the shrunk on it in the course of the cooling process blank.
  • EP 2 062 664 A1 Another method for producing a hardened sheet metal profile with an opening is made EP 2 062 664 A1 known.
  • a limited by at least one cutting edge area is first cut, the depth of cut is less than the material thickness of the board.
  • the board is then hot formed and the cut area is pressed out along the cut edge after hot forming.
  • the cutting and expressing of the area is carried out in the opposite direction, so that you get grading-free cutting contours. Also with this procedure can as already to DE 10 2004 019 693 A1 described shrinkage phenomena are not avoided.
  • the invention is therefore the object of developing an aforementioned method and a press-hardening tool mentioned above such that the above-described problem of uneven shrinkage introduced into a not yet final cured blank Breakthrough is counteracted.
  • the procedural object is achieved according to the invention by an initially mentioned, generic method in which the cut out by punching out of the blank punched back is returned to the opening, where it remains for the duration of the cooling process and only with or after removal of the sheet steel component from the Tool in which it is held during the cooling is pushed out.
  • the device-related object is achieved by an aforementioned, generic press-hardening tool, in which that tool part against which the punch for inserting the opening operates on a return ram has its actuating side to the punch and whose axis of movement corresponds to the axis of movement of the punch, so that a by means of the punch from a blank severed punching slug in the introduced by the punching process in the blank opening in the correct position or approximately in the correct position for filling the same is traceable.
  • the aperture is introduced into the blank which has not yet hardened, that is to say at a point in time in the sequence of the process steps in which the blank still has relatively soft material properties. Consequently, the aperture can be introduced into the blank by a cutting operation performed as punching. Thus, a separation of the Butzens takes place differently than when lasing without loss of material. To counteract an uneven shrinkage of the thus created opening the punching slug is now used, which is returned immediately after the punching of the aperture in this. In the opening of the punching remains at least until the decisive completion of the cooling process.
  • the slug forms the placeholder for the created Opening, whereby an uneven shrinkage and thus an undesirable change in the peripheral geometry of the aperture is effectively counteracted.
  • the slug itself is naturally made of the same material as the blank. Consequently, this shrinks to the same extent as the blank. Therefore, in this process, no or at most only an insignificant shrinking on the stamped joint, which is why this can be pushed out of the opening readily after completion of the cooling process. Finally, there is no material composite between the stamped slug and the surrounding material of the sheet steel component.
  • the method steps described above will be carried out in such a way that the punched slug cut out of the blank is returned to the opening with the return stroke of the punch immediately after completion of the punching stroke.
  • This purpose is expediently a return ram, which is arranged in that tool part in which the punch is not arranged. It can be provided that by the punching stroke of the punch and the consequent translational movement of the Stanzbutzens which is located on the opposite side of the punch punching punch applied return ram is moved back to its original position to be activated after completion of the punching stroke, causing the punching in the Aperture is traced back. This return movement can be used to return the punch itself to its original position. It is expedient if, after returning the stamped plug into the aperture, both the stamping punch and the return punch bear against the stamped billet, since this fixes the position of the stamped billet within the aperture for the cooling process.
  • the cross-sectional geometry of the return ram corresponds in its abutting on the punched portion of the opening geometry and thus the geometry of the punching.
  • the return ram bears against the entire surface of the stamped slug, so that the stamped slug is exposed to the same or at least substantially the same cooling conditions as the adjoining edge regions of the opening.
  • the press-hardening tool can also be used to produce sheet steel components that do not necessarily have an opening, thus the step of cutting out a punched, is not performed.
  • a press hardening tool can be provided with which, without having to change the tool geometry or certain inserts, sheet steel components with and without openings can be produced. It is understood that such a press-hardening tool can also have more than one punching device with one of these each associated return punch.
  • press hardening tool 1 has two mutually adjustable tool parts 2, 3.
  • the tool part 2 is a fixed tool part, which therefore can also be addressed as a die.
  • the tool part 3 is translationally movable relative to the tool part 2.
  • This tool part 3 can also be addressed as a stamp.
  • Both tool parts 2, 3 each have a mold surface 4, 4.1.
  • On the mold surfaces 4, 4.1 an inserted into the open press-hardening tool 1, previously heated to forming temperature in an oven blank, typically a steel plate, reshaped.
  • the tool parts 2, 3 have coolant channels 5, 5.1, via which heat can be conducted away from the formed blank for carrying out a hardening process by correspondingly rapid cooling. If cooling is desired, the coolant channels 5, 5.1 are exposed to coolant.
  • the press-hardening tool 1 is a press-hardening tool, as is known per se.
  • the press-hardening tool 1 additionally has a device 6 for introducing an opening into a blank held between the tool parts 2, 3.
  • This device 6 comprises a punching device 7 with a punch 8, which punching device 7 assigned to the stamp 3 in the illustrated embodiment.
  • the punch 8 is in by the double arrow in FIG. 1 indicated direction translatable in a manner not shown adjustable.
  • the pointing into the mold cavity 9 end face of the punch serves for punching out a stamped from a held between the tool parts 2, 3 blank.
  • the punch 8 has a circular cross-sectional geometry. It is understood that the punch 8 may have any cross-sectional geometries.
  • the device 6 is further associated with a return device 10 with a return ram 11.
  • the return device 10 is assigned to the die 2 of the press-hardening tool 1.
  • the double arrow indicates that the return punch 11 of the return device 10, which is not shown in any other detail, can also be moved in the translatory direction, on the same axis of movement as the punch 8.
  • the return device 10 serves the purpose of removing one between a punching operation the tool parts 2, 3 located blank in the course of creating an opening preciselygeschennten punched scraper immediately after the punching process in the created aperture.
  • the punching device 7 and the return device 10 are clearer from the enlarged detail view of FIG. 2 recognizable.
  • the cross-sectional geometry of the return punch 11 corresponds to the cross-sectional geometry of the punch.
  • the clear width of the movement channel 12, in which the return ram 11 is moved, is sufficiently large, so that the punch 8 can engage in performing a punching stroke therein.
  • FIG. 3 shows the press-hardening tool 1 in its enlarged view corresponding to that of FIG. 2 with a previously placed on forming temperature and already converted by moving the tool parts 2, 3 blank 13.
  • the blank 13 is a sheet steel blank, which has been heated prior to the forming austenitizing temperature.
  • 5.1 of the tool parts 2, 3 with coolant, ie before actively initiating the hardening or tempering process is introduced into the blank 13 an opening.
  • the punch 8 is pressed for punching a Stanzbutzens, as this by the block arrow in FIG. 3 is indicated.
  • the punched slug 14 is cut out of the blank 13 and pressed into the movement channel 12 of the return ram 11. At the same time, the return punch 11 is pushed back into its starting position by this punching stroke. This situation is in FIG. 4 shown. The punched slug 14 is completely inserted in the movement channel 12 with respect to its material thickness. It is clear from this that the punched slug 14 no longer has any material connection to the blank 13.
  • the return punch 11 of the return device 10 is activated, whereby the punched slug 14 is returned from the movement channel 12 in the introduced through the punching process in the blank 13 opening.
  • the active cooling process is initiated by applying the coolant channels 5, 5.1 with coolant. Due to the snug fit of the punching 14 within the opening 16 this serves as a placeholder and therefore ensures a uniform shrinkage of the entire region of the opening and in particular of the opening bordering edge portions of the blank 13, whereby a retention of the opening geometry is guaranteed.
  • the press-hardening tool 1 After completion of the cooling process, the press-hardening tool 1 is opened and the steel sheet component 15 produced therein is removed.
  • the punched slug 14 can be pushed out of the opening 16 readily, especially manually. Subsequently, the sheet steel component provided with the desired aperture in the intended dimensional accuracy.
  • the opening 16 is introduced into the blank 13 after the forming step is completed. Similarly, it can be provided that the opening is introduced while the forming process is in its final phase.
  • the machine cycle for introducing the aperture described can be provided very short, so that the usual machine cycle for producing the sheet steel components in question is not or only slightly increased.
  • the punching device is associated with the punch and the return means of the die.
  • the punching means may be associated with the die and the return means associated with the punch.
  • the punching means and the return means may each be associated with the same tool part.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Punching Or Piercing (AREA)
  • Mounting, Exchange, And Manufacturing Of Dies (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Procédé de fabrication d'un élément en tôle métallique formé et trempé au moins par endroits, notamment un élément en tôle d'acier (15) comportant au moins une perforation (16) aménagée dans ce dernier, pour lequel une ébauche (13) est chauffée à température de formage, est ensuite moulée dans un outil (1) et, par la suite, trempée au moins par endroits par un refroidissement adéquat, laquelle au moins une perforation (16) étant réalisée sur l'ébauche (13) dans le cadre d'un processus de poinçonnage, avant de tremper l'ébauche (13), caractérisé en ce que la débouchure (14) extraite de l'ébauche (13) par poinçonnage est remise dans la perforation (16), qu'elle y reste tant que dure le processus de refroidissement, et qu'elle n'est repoussée qu'au moment de la sortie ou après la sortie de l'élément en tôle d'acier (15) de l'outil (1), dans lequel elle est maintenue pendant le refroidissement.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la perforation (16) est réalisée dans l'ébauche (13) après l'étape de formage ou au cours d'une phase finale de l'étape de formage.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le refroidissement actif de l'ébauche (13) moulée ne commence que lorsque les étapes de réalisation de la perforation (16) et la remise en place de la débouchure (14) dans la perforation (16) sont terminées.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que au moins une perforation (16) est réalisée à un endroit de l'ébauche (13), laquelle est ensuite trempée.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les étapes de fabrication de l'élément en tôle d'acier (13) moulé et trempé au moins par endroits sont réalisées dans un outil de trempe sous presse (1).
  6. Outil de trempe sous presse permettant de fabriquer un élément en tôle métallique formé et trempé au moins par endroits, notamment un élément en tôle d'acier (15), comportant au moins deux parties d'outil (2, 3) réglables l'une par rapport à l'autre afin d'ouvrir et de fermer l'outil (1), ainsi qu'un dispositif de poinçonnage (7) comprenant un poinçon (8) afin de réaliser une perforation (16) dans une ébauche (13) qui se trouve entre les deux parties d'outil (2, 3), caractérisé en ce que l'outil de trempe sous presse est conformé pour réaliser la procédure selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, la partie d'outil (2), contre laquelle travaille le poinçon (8) afin de réaliser la perforation (16) disposant d'un poinçon de remise en place (11) dont la face d'actionnement est orientée vers le poinçon (8) et dont l'axe de déplacement correspond à l'axe de déplacement du poinçon (8), de sorte que la débouchure (14) découpée par le poinçon (8) dans une ébauche (13) peut être remise en place dans une position correcte ou presque correcte dans la perforation (16) réalisée lors du processus de poinçonnage de l'ébauche, en remplissant cette dernière.
  7. Outil de trempe sous presse selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le poinçon de remise en place (11) reste, par sa face d'actionnement, en contact avec la débouchure (14) remise en place dans la perforation (16) réalisée, jusqu'à l'ouverture de l'outil (1) pour prélever l'élément en tôle d'acier (15).
  8. Outil de trempe sous presse selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le poinçon de remise en place (11) est remis dans sa position initiale avec la débouchure déplacée par le poinçon (8).
  9. Outil de trempe sous presse selon l'une des revendications 6 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le poinçon 8 est remis dans sa position initiale par l'actionnement du poinçon de remise en place (11) qui remet en place la débouchure (14) dans la perforation (16).
EP13737586.1A 2012-07-17 2013-07-10 Procédé de fabrication d'un élément en tôle métallique formé et trempé au moins par endroits, et moule de trempe sous presse permettant de fabriquer un tel élément Active EP2874765B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL13737586T PL2874765T3 (pl) 2012-07-17 2013-07-10 Sposób wytwarzania uformowanego i co najmniej w pewnych obszarach zahartowanego blaszanego elementu konstrukcyjnego oraz narzędzie do tłoczenia z hartowaniem, przeznaczone do wytwarzania tego rodzaju elementu konstrukcyjnego

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012106405.9A DE102012106405B4 (de) 2012-07-17 2012-07-17 Verfahren zum Herstellen eines umgeformten und zumindest bereichsweise gehärteten Metallblechbauteils sowie Verwendung eines Presshärtwerkzeuges zum Herstellen eines solchen Bauteiles
PCT/EP2013/064596 WO2014012831A1 (fr) 2012-07-17 2013-07-10 Procédé de fabrication d'un élément en tôle métallique formé et trempé au moins par endroits, et moule de trempe sous presse permettant de fabriquer un tel élément

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2874765A1 EP2874765A1 (fr) 2015-05-27
EP2874765B1 true EP2874765B1 (fr) 2017-07-12

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Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US9708678B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2874765B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102012106405B4 (fr)
ES (1) ES2640920T3 (fr)
HU (1) HUE034381T2 (fr)
PL (1) PL2874765T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014012831A1 (fr)

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DE102012106405B4 (de) 2016-06-16
US20150144232A1 (en) 2015-05-28
ES2640920T3 (es) 2017-11-07
WO2014012831A1 (fr) 2014-01-23
EP2874765A1 (fr) 2015-05-27
PL2874765T3 (pl) 2017-11-30
DE102012106405A1 (de) 2014-01-23
US9708678B2 (en) 2017-07-18
HUE034381T2 (en) 2018-02-28

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