EP2789437A1 - Vorrichtung zum Trennen und Spalten von Baumstämmen - Google Patents
Vorrichtung zum Trennen und Spalten von Baumstämmen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2789437A1 EP2789437A1 EP20130163057 EP13163057A EP2789437A1 EP 2789437 A1 EP2789437 A1 EP 2789437A1 EP 20130163057 EP20130163057 EP 20130163057 EP 13163057 A EP13163057 A EP 13163057A EP 2789437 A1 EP2789437 A1 EP 2789437A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- conveyor
- bandsaw
- tree trunk
- frame
- blade
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27B—SAWS FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COMPONENTS OR ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- B27B15/00—Band or strap sawing machines specially designed for length cutting of trunks
- B27B15/04—Band or strap sawing machines specially designed for length cutting of trunks with vertically-guided saw blade
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
- B27L7/00—Arrangements for splitting wood
Definitions
- the invention relates to an apparatus as set forth in the preamble of claim 1 for cutting and splitting a tree trunk such as a log.
- firewood processors intended for making firewood
- the tree trunk is cut with a vertically moving circular blade, after which the cut blocks of wood are conveyed and pushed against an appropriate splitting blade for making cut and split pieces of wood useful as firewood.
- the inventors set their sights on providing a quick action apparatus for cutting and splitting tree trunks, while at the same time managing to reduce the amount of sawdust produced during the sawing operation.
- the invention relates to an apparatus for cutting and splitting a tree trunk such as a log, said apparatus comprising a cutting saw, having its frame adapted to perform a reciprocating motion relative to the tree trunk, a stationary splitting blade, as well as a conveyor for bringing the tree trunk in a lengthwise direction to a position below the cutting saw, and a pusher functionally linked with the conveyor for transporting cut blocks of tree trunk onwards to the splitting blade, such that each cut block of tree trunk is pushed by means of the pusher towards the splitting blade for splitting the blocks of wood in a lengthwise direction.
- the cutting saw is a bandsaw, which is surrounded by an enclosure and which bandsaw has its frame mounted for a vertical reciprocating motion above the conveyor in such a way that at least a cutting section of the bandsaw blade points in a direction which is transverse relative to the conveying direction of a tree trunk traveling on the conveyor. While the bandsaw is on its way from its top position towards its bottom position, the conveyor or a section of the conveyor presently below the bandsaw is concurrently set in a standstill condition for cutting the tree trunk with the bandsaw blade transversely relative to its conveying direction.
- the invention relates also to a method which comprises at least the following steps of:
- the cutting saw employed in an apparatus of the invention comprises a bandsaw with an endless narrow blade, the cutting of a tree trunk produces considerably less waste (sawdust) than for example the use of a circular saw blade as the cutting blade.
- the Inventors have unexpectedly discovered that, when the employed cutting saw is a bandsaw instead of a conventional circular saw, the bandsaw blade is afforded a longer effective use even in a rather worn condition, thus increasing longevity and reducing operating costs of the apparatus.
- the bandsaw frame is mounted on tracks in a way that the bandsaw has its drive and guide wheels inclined at a specific angle relative to vertical direction, preferably at an angle of 5-30 degrees relative to vertical direction.
- the bandsaw frame is movably mounted on vertical tracks above the conveyor so as to enable its frame, and at the same time the frame-mounted drive and guide wheels of the bandsaw, to be operated in an up-down direction (vertical direction), while the frame's longitudinal axis remains roughly in the same direction (horizontal direction) during the movement.
- the conveyor comprises two co-directional horizontal conveyors, the first conveyor of which, the one arriving at a bandsaw, has its bottom surface at a level higher than that of the second section, the one departing from the bandsaw, and between the first and second conveyor sections is a flap which can be pivoted in a vertical direction for bringing it first to level with the belt conveyor as a block of wood is being separated from a tree trunk by sawing, as well as thereafter pivoted downward for passing (dropping) the cut block of wood from the first conveyor onto the second conveyor present at a lower level.
- a flap between the conveyor sections expedites and streamlines the passing of a cut block of wood from the conveyor section arriving at a bandsaw onto the conveyor section departing from the bandsaw.
- the first conveyor is a belt conveyor and the second one is a tray conveyor, the latter comprising an elongated tray and a pusher movable above the tray.
- the bandsaw frame is movably mounted on a pair of vertical tracks above the conveyor's rear section or the rear conveyor, such that said bandsaw frame can be operated in an up-down direction or vertical direction along the tracks while the bandsaw frame's longitudinal axis remains in a roughly horizontal position.
- Figs. 1A-1D show an apparatus of the invention with a protective enclosure from various perspectives.
- Figs. 2A-2C show an apparatus of the invention without a protective enclosure from various perspectives.
- Figs. 3A and 3B show details of a bandsaw used as a cutting saw of the apparatus, as seen from various perspectives.
- the bandsaw is viewed from the front right with regard to the conveying direction of tree trunks, and in fig. 3B from a direction IIIB in fig. 3A .
- Figs. 4A and 4B illustrate a bandsaw mounted on tracks in its top position and in its bottom position.
- the bandsaw is shown in a view directly from the front as seen in the conveying direction, and in fig. 4B directly from the side, i.e. in a view from a direction IVB in fig. 4A .
- Figs. 1A-1D illustrate an apparatus 1 of the invention as a whole and equipped with an enclosure assembly protecting the bandsaw.
- Fig. 1A shows the apparatus in a view directly from the side
- fig. 1B shows the apparatus directly from a tree trunk conveying direction (the conveying direction is indicated with a solid arrow in fig. 1A ), i.e. in a direct front view as seen from a direction IB in fig. 1A
- Fig. 1C shows the apparatus obliquely from behind and fig. 1D in a view directly from above. The apparatus 1 depicted in figs.
- 1A-1D comprises a duplex conveyor 7 on the one hand for bringing tree trunks P to a position below a cutting saw and on the other hand for transporting cut blocks of wood away from said cutting saw.
- the conveyor 7 is supported on an apparatus frame 9.
- the employed cutting saw is a bandsaw 3, whose construction and operation are more clearly illustrated in figs. 2 , 3 and 4 .
- the bandsaw 3 is surrounded by a protective enclosure 2.
- Figs. 2A and 2B illustrate an apparatus of the invention without the protective enclosure 2 of the bandsaw 3 from perspectives respectively the same as those in figs. 1A and 1B .
- Fig. 2c shows the apparatus without a protective enclosure in the same perspective as shown in fig. 1D .
- Figs. 3A and 3B illustrate the bandsaw 3 operated as a cutting saw.
- the bandsaw 3 comprises a frame 30 as well as an endless blade 35, the latter extending along the peripheries of a drive wheel 31 and a guide wheel 32 from the drive wheel 31 to the guide wheel 32 and back to the drive wheel 31.
- the drive and guide wheels 31, 32 are equal in size, i.e. have the same diameters and hubs 31a, 32 thereof roughly at the same vertical height and at a specific horizontal distance T from each other.
- the bandsaw 3 has its drive wheel 31 and guide wheel 32 supported on the bandsaw frame 30, which on the other hand is movably mounted on vertical tracks 4 coupled with the apparatus frame 9.
- the bandsaw 3 is adapted to saw the tree trunk P by means of a cutting part 35a of the blade 35.
- the cutting part 35a of a bandsaw is that section of the bandsaw blade 35 which is used for sawing a tree trunk and which is confined between bandsaw blade guides 34; 34a' and 34; 34".
- the bandsaw blade guides 34; 34a' and 34; 34" are fitted on either side of a tree trunk P1 supported on a belt 71a of a belt conveyor 71 arriving at the bandsaw, such that the bandsaw blade 35 has its cutting part 35a, which proceeds thereby, turning downward for a transverse, preferably perpendicular position relative to the lengthwise direction of the tree trunk P and the belt conveyor 71.
- Figs. 4A and 4B illustrate how the bandsaw 3 is operated along vertical tracks 4; 4', 4".
- the endless blade 35 which is extending by way of the drive and guide wheels 31, 32 coupled with the frame 30 of the bandsaw 3, has its cutting part 35a at such a height that it does not touch the tree trunk P presently below the cutting part 35a regardless of the tree trunk diameter.
- the blade 35 has its cutting part 35a respectively in a position close to the bottom of a belt conveyor transporting a tree trunk to the bandsaw, i.e. close to an endless belt 71a.
- the invention relates to an apparatus 1 for cutting and splitting a log.
- the apparatus 1 comprises a cutting saw, which includes a cutting saw blade 35 performing a reciprocating motion relative to a tree trunk P, a stationary splitting blade 5, as well as a conveyor 7 and a pusher 72b functionally linked with the conveyor for bringing the tree trunk P to a position below the cutting saw, such that its lengthwise direction lies transversely relative to the direction of the cutting saw, and for transporting cut blocks P1 of tree trunk onwards to the splitting blade 5, such that each cut block P1 of tree trunk is pushed by means of the conveyor and the pusher towards the splitting blade.
- a cutting saw which includes a cutting saw blade 35 performing a reciprocating motion relative to a tree trunk P, a stationary splitting blade 5, as well as a conveyor 7 and a pusher 72b functionally linked with the conveyor for bringing the tree trunk P to a position below the cutting saw, such that its lengthwise direction lies transversely relative to the direction of the cutting saw, and for transporting cut blocks P1 of
- the cutting saw is a bandsaw 3, which is surrounded by an enclosure 2 and which bandsaw 3 has its frame 30 mounted for a vertically reciprocating motion above the conveyor 7, such that the bandsaw 3 has a cutting section 35a of its blade 35 extending transversely relative to the conveying direction of the tree trunk P traveling on the conveyor 7.
- the bandsaw 3 along with its frame, is shifted from its top position C towards its bottom position D, the conveyor 7 or a section of the conveyor presently below the bandsaw 3 is set in a standstill condition for cutting a tree trunk transversely relative to its conveying direction with the blade 35a of the bandsaw 3.
- the apparatus 1 has its actual conveyor 7 consisting of two sections, comprising a rear conveyor 71 transporting a tree trunk into a zone below the bandsaw 3, and a front conveyor 72 transporting cut blocks of wood P1 away from the bandsaw and including a pusher 72b for pushing the blocks of wood against a splitting blade/blades.
- the conveyor includes a per se conventional discharge conveyor 73 for carrying the cut and split pieces of wood away from the apparatus 1.
- the rear conveyor 71 which is the downstream one in the wood conveying direction, consists of a belt conveyor including an elongate rear conveyor frame 71c, on top of which revolves an endless belt 71a which functions at the same time as a bottom of the belt conveyor.
- the rear conveyor includes guide rollers 71b, which are present alongside the conveyor, close to the apparatus frame 9 and which, in this case, provide a pair of vertical rollers capable of guiding the tree trunk 7 traveling on the rear conveyor belt 71a to a desired location on a section of the belt conveyor 71 directly below the bandsaw 3.
- the rear conveyor 71 has its rearmost section unsupported, while its furthest upstream end in the wood conveying direction is supported on the apparatus frame 9.
- the front conveyor has its belt 71a extending, in the tree trunk transporting direction, slightly beyond the location of the bandsaw 3, thus taking part in supporting a tree trunk from below during the sawing operation.
- the bandsaw 3 has at least the cutting part 35a of its blade 35 fitted transversely, preferably at a 90 degree angle, relative to the conveying direction of a tree trunk P, thus enabling the tree trunk P to be cut in a transverse direction.
- the bandsaw 3 has its frame 30 mounted on either side of the rear conveyor 71 on vertical tracks 34.
- the vertical tracks are made up of a pair of vertical tracks 4, 4' and 4; 4", the internal surface of which has a groove for a vertical member of the frame.
- Each vertical track 4; 4' and 4; 4" is located on different sides of the rear conveyor as seen from a longitudinal centerline of the rear conveyor.
- the vertical tracks 4; 4' and 4; 4" are located in such a way that the connecting virtual line therebetween is roughly transverse with respect to the conveying direction.
- the vertical tracks 4 are supported on a foundation at bottom ends thereof and connected to each other at top ends thereof by a horizontal member disposed crosswise relative to the conveying direction for a more stable assembly.
- the bandsaw 3 has its frame 30 comprising two triangle frames 30; 30' and 30; 30", on which the drive wheel 31 and the guide wheel 32 are in turn supported.
- the triangle frames 30' and 30" have top ends thereof interconnected by a horizontal bracing member 30a.
- Each triangle frame 30' or 30" comprises an upright member 30b, by which the triangle frame connects movably to the vertical track 4' or 4".
- a horizontal member 30c which extends in the conveying direction and to which is in turn connected a bracing member 30d at an angle inclined relative to the vertical direction.
- the bracing member 30d has its unengaged bottom end inclined in the direction towards the upright member 30b or the tracks 4, and has its front surface fitted with the guide wheel 32 or the drive wheel 31 by its hub. Since the bracing member 30d extends in an inclined direction relative to the vertical direction, the guide wheel 32 and the drive wheel 31 connected thereto also extend in a direction inclined relative to the vertical direction, such that the top parts thereof are further away from the tracks than the bottom parts thereof.
- the endless thin saw blade 35 Along the periphery of and between the guide wheel 32 and the drive wheel 31 revolves the endless thin saw blade 35.
- the height of a lower blade and an upper blade included in the endless saw blade 35 is determined by the highest and lowest point on the periphery of the guide wheel 32 and the drive wheel 31, because the endless blade 35 has its lower blade proceeding directly from the periphery of the drive wheel 31 to the periphery of the guide wheel 32 and its upper blade directly from the periphery of the guide wheel 32 to the periphery of the drive wheel 31. Accordingly, the saw blade 35 has the height of its lower and upper blades determined on the basis of the guide wheel and drive wheel diameters.
- a maximum length for the cutting lower blade of the bandsaw 3 is determined by a distance T between the midpoints of the hubs 32a, 31a of the drive wheel 31 and the guide wheel 32, as well as by diameter sizes of the drive wheel 31 and the guide wheel 32.
- the cutting lower blade can be adjusted for its length and tautness by changing the distance T between the guide wheel and the drive wheel.
- the blade guides 34; 34' and 34; 34" By way of which the lower blade passes and which are located close to the drive wheel 32 and the guide wheel 31, respectively, a section of the lower bandsaw blade left therebetween is turned to its cutting position, i.e. perpendicularly downward. Between the blade guides 34' and 34" is thereby left the downturned cutting part 35a of the lower blade.
- the bandsaw can have its saw blade speed 5 adjusted with a suitable motor. As for the apparatus depicted in the figures, the blade speed is adjusted by a hydraulic motor 55 regulating the rotating speed of the drive wheel 31, but the saw blade speed of a bandsaw, i.e. the rotating speed of the drive wheel 31, can be equally well adjusted by an electric motor and a frequency converter linked therewith.
- the bandsaw 3, along with its lower blade, is adapted to be movable in an up-down direction (vertical direction) by mounting the upright members 30b; 30b' and 30b of the frame's 30 triangle frames 30; 30' and 30, 30" movably on the respective vertical tracks 4; 4' and 4; 4".
- the upright members 30b can be actuated along the vertical tracks 4 by an appropriate power means and a lever system coupled therewith.
- the power means is a hydraulic cylinder 6, which is in connection with the frame element 30; 30" associated with the guide wheel 32 and which is operated by a hydraulic pump (not shown in the figures).
- the hydraulic cylinder 6 operates the upright members 30b; 30b' and 30b; 30b" in vertical direction along the respective tracks 4; 4' and 4; 4".
- the front conveyor 72 consists of a tray 72a, which commences immediately downstream of the rear conveyor's 71 belt, yet lies at a lower level than the rear conveyor 71 and is supported on the conveyor frame 9, and of a pusher 72b fitted above the tray to be movable co-directionally with the tray, whereby the tray 72a and the pusher 72b make up jointly a tray conveyor 72a, 72b.
- a splitting blade 5 Between the tray conveyor 72a, 72b and the belt conveyor 72c is a splitting blade 5 concentrically with a longitudinal axis of the tray conveyor 72a, 72b.
- the tray 72a of the tray conveyor 72a, 72b and the belt conveyor 72c are co-directional with each other.
- the rear conveyor 72 and the front conveyor 71 are located on the same line, in other words are concentric in terms of the lengthwise centerlines thereof.
- the front conveyor 72 has its tray conveyor 72a, 72b provided with the tray 72a and the pusher 72b, which travels above the tray co-directionally with the tray, and which can be implemented for example with a power means, such as a pressure cylinder or the like, performing a reciprocating horizontal motion.
- the illustrated pusher 72b is a hydraulic cylinder.
- the belt conveyor 71 i.e.
- a downward pivotable flap 8 which can be set up as an extension of the belt conveyor's leading section roughly at the same level with the belt conveyor's belt 71a once a block of wood P1 has been cut off a tree trunk.
- the flap 8 is located immediately downstream of the front conveyor in the conveying direction of the blocks of wood P1 and is situated above the tray of the tray conveyor 72a, 72b in an upturned condition.
- the flap 8 has its length in the tree trunk conveying direction adapted to more or less match the length of a block of wood P1 to be cut.
- a belt conveyor 73 Downstream of the tray conveyor 72a, 72b in the conveying direction of blocks of wood P1 is still a belt conveyor 73 for carrying the cut and split pieces of wood to storage or a service destination.
- the apparatus operates as follows:
- the bandsaw frame 30 is lowered in such a way that the upright members 30b of frame parts 30" and 30' (triangle frames 30" and 30'), which members are coupled with the guide wheel 32 and the drive wheel 31 and mounted to be movable along the tracks 4; 4" and 4; 4', are shifted by means of a lever system associated with the parts 30" and 30' of the frame 30, such as by means of the hydraulic cylinder 6 operated by way of a hydraulic pump (not shown in the figures).
- the bandsaw frame 30 is lowered further by means of the hydraulic cylinder 6 by using at the same time the drive wheel 31 for revolving the endless saw blade 35 and achieving a sawing action until the bandsaw blade 35 has traversed across the tree trunk in a crosswise direction thereof and the bandsaw frame has reached its bottom position D.
- the flap propping the tree trunk from below has at the same time reached its top position, being in a more or less horizontal condition.
- the tree trunk P has been cut and from it has been separated a block of wood P1 resting mainly on top of the flap 8.
- the bandsaw frame 30 is lifted upward along tracks 34 back to its top position C and the cut block of wood P1 is dropped onto the tray conveyor's tray 72a by pivoting the flap 8 downward.
- the block of wood P1 is pressed by the pusher 72b along the tray 72a towards the splitting blade 5. Pressing of the block of wood P1 with the pusher 72b against the splitting blade 5 is continued until the cut block of wood P1 has become split in its lengthwise direction for at least two cut and split pieces of wood. Since the tray conveyor 72a, 72b does not have its tray 72a provided with its own drive, the split block of wood P1 is removed from the splitting blade 5 by pressing it with a subsequent block of wood which is forced by the pusher 72b through the splitting blade 5. This is followed by carrying the split block of wood P1 on a conveyor 73 away from the apparatus 1.
- the apparatus according to the invention lends itself to adjustments of at least the following aspects: operations of the bandsaw 3 and the conveyor 7 with an effect on the sawing speed either manually or by way of an appropriate control logic.
- the bandsaw speed can be changed by adjusting the drive wheel speed.
- the drive of a rear conveyor 71 can be adjusted in such a way that a tree trunk P present on the rear conveyor 71 can be transported to a sawing location below a lower blade of the bandsaw and stopped at an appropriate position relative to the lower blade. If necessary, the rear conveyor speed can also be changed.
- the vertical (up-down directed) motion speed of the bandsaw can also be adjusted for a direct effect on the sawing speed.
- the stationary splitting blade 5 may comprise one or a plurality of blades for splitting a block of wood.
- the blades can be in a co-directional with each other or transverse relative to each other, such as in a criss-cross pattern.
- the bandsaw 3 can also have a lower part of its frame mounted in a swiveling manner or pivoted to the conveyor 7 or to the apparatus frame 9.
- the tree trunk 9 is brought to a position alongside the bandsaw blade, such that its leading end is supported on a top surface of the flap 8 making up an extension of the rear conveyor 71.
- the rear conveyor 71, along with the tree trunk resting on its belt 71a, is stopped and the frame of the bandsaw 3 is swiveled around its pivot point with the result that frame's top edge and at the same time also the lower bandsaw blade perform a motion directed from top to bottom with the pivot point between the bandsaw frame and the conveyor or the conveyor frame constituting a fulcrum.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Debarking, Splitting, And Disintegration Of Timber (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP20130163057 EP2789437A1 (de) | 2013-04-10 | 2013-04-10 | Vorrichtung zum Trennen und Spalten von Baumstämmen |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP20130163057 EP2789437A1 (de) | 2013-04-10 | 2013-04-10 | Vorrichtung zum Trennen und Spalten von Baumstämmen |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2789437A1 true EP2789437A1 (de) | 2014-10-15 |
Family
ID=48577476
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20130163057 Withdrawn EP2789437A1 (de) | 2013-04-10 | 2013-04-10 | Vorrichtung zum Trennen und Spalten von Baumstämmen |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2789437A1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP7053048B2 (ja) | 2019-09-24 | 2022-04-12 | 株式会社ソーテック浜松 | 鋸刃切削装置および切削方法 |
WO2022107266A1 (ja) * | 2020-11-19 | 2022-05-27 | 株式会社ソーテック浜松 | 鋸刃切削装置および切削方法 |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1001272A (en) * | 1908-02-17 | 1911-08-22 | Archibald P Howard | Wood sawing and splitting machine. |
EP2457705A1 (de) * | 2010-11-29 | 2012-05-30 | Gerhard Stahlhandel GmbH | Matrize zur Herstellung von Pellets |
-
2013
- 2013-04-10 EP EP20130163057 patent/EP2789437A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1001272A (en) * | 1908-02-17 | 1911-08-22 | Archibald P Howard | Wood sawing and splitting machine. |
EP2457705A1 (de) * | 2010-11-29 | 2012-05-30 | Gerhard Stahlhandel GmbH | Matrize zur Herstellung von Pellets |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP7053048B2 (ja) | 2019-09-24 | 2022-04-12 | 株式会社ソーテック浜松 | 鋸刃切削装置および切削方法 |
WO2022107266A1 (ja) * | 2020-11-19 | 2022-05-27 | 株式会社ソーテック浜松 | 鋸刃切削装置および切削方法 |
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