EP2654962B1 - Vacuum continuous cutter - Google Patents

Vacuum continuous cutter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2654962B1
EP2654962B1 EP11819067.7A EP11819067A EP2654962B1 EP 2654962 B1 EP2654962 B1 EP 2654962B1 EP 11819067 A EP11819067 A EP 11819067A EP 2654962 B1 EP2654962 B1 EP 2654962B1
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Prior art keywords
cutting
perforated plates
ground meat
plate
holes
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EP11819067.7A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2654962A1 (en
Inventor
Peter Seydelmann
Andreas GÄSSLER
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Maschinenfabrik Seydelmann KG
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Maschinenfabrik Seydelmann KG
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Priority to PL11819067T priority Critical patent/PL2654962T3/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/30—Mincing machines with perforated discs and feeding worms
    • B02C18/305—Details

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the promotion of comminuted material in a crusher for meat (sausage meat) according to the preamble of the main claim or a crushing machine, in particular for carrying out the method according to claim 1 or 2, according to the preamble of the independent claim 3.
  • An essential feature in all methods of this type and crushing machines consists in the promotion of the sausage meat through the holes of the perforated plates, wherein the sausage meat is crushed.
  • a known crusher of this type ( DE 199 60 409 A1 ) four consecutively arranged cutting sets are each provided with a stationary perforated plate, wherein a provided with knife blades cutting head for crushing the material to be cut is driven in rotation and according to its design presses the material to be cut through the holes of the perforated plate.
  • the number of holes in the conveying direction is likewise increasing in accordance with the delivery rate in an increasing conveying direction, so that approximately one overall passage cross section is maintained.
  • the distance between the cutting blades and the perforated plates must be adjusted by using the unspecified drive ".
  • the promotion of the sausage meat takes place in any case via the appropriately arranged obliquely to the direction of rotation and sliding over the perforated plates measuring blades.
  • the invention has for its object to develop a method or a crushing machine in which the sausage meat is promoted, without affecting mechanical or temperature means, in particular evenly and also through the perforated plate with the holes smallest diameter.
  • a plurality of cutting planes are formed by perforated plates, the vacuum effect or conveyance effect according to Bernoulli being produced in the direction of flow of the sausage meat between the cutting sets.
  • the invention also serve as a cutting device perforated plates, which are driven in rotation, wherein the holes in number and location correspond to those of the stationary perforated plates and said cutting hole plates are mounted parallel to the stationary perforated plates, so that due to a small distance between the plates Brät03 invention or the vacuum effect arises.
  • These two or three perforated plates having cutting sets also have the advantage that a very fine sausage meat can be produced without contamination by metal abrasions and without premature coagulation of cellular protein. A harmful frictional heat is avoided.
  • the cutting of the sausage meat is effected by cooperation of the corresponding holes of the rotating perforated plates with those of the stationary perforated plates, wherein the sharp outlet edges of the holes of the stationary perforated plates with the also sharp input edges slicing the meat from the holes in the rotating cut-hole plates.
  • This extremely effective cutting without blade wear is known in scissors, in particular, bone-containing parts are cut between the shearing edges of the passing holes.
  • an additional advantage is that the feed pressure for the sausage meat in this type of cutting method can be much lower than in the known cutting sets which operate with cutting blades, in which the cutting blades assume the conveying function due to their design and their arrangement towards the perforated plate.
  • the shredding machine according to the invention is extraordinarily efficient up to 700,000 cuts per second.
  • the rotational speed of the rotating inserts can be infinitely variable, which accommodates the field of application.
  • At least two existing of stationary perforated plates and associated cutting hole plates cutting planes are provided, wherein the holes or the total hole cross-section in a flow direction in the first hole plate is up to 50% larger than in the subsequent perforated plate.
  • the nature of the given structure thus allows a high number of cutting sets, in which the stationary perforated plates are anchored in a known manner in the simplest way in a wedge arranged in the housing against rotation.
  • the rotating cutting hole plates are due to the parallel arrangement can be driven very easily via central means, due to the structural design of a perforated plate no incriminating centrifugal forces arise.
  • the drive of the cutting hole plates can either be done via a central shaft or by the rotating cutting plates mounted on an axle and driven by driving pin.
  • the drive of the cutting blades via a central shaft is known per se ( DE 199 60 409 A1 ).
  • the 50% larger total passage area of the first plate is used primarily to get a flow start of the sausage meat.
  • the distance between all cutting hole plates and the associated perforated plate is to be kept so low that thereby a conveying effect in the sense of a water jet pump is formed.
  • the distance to 0.01 mm to 0.5 mm is possible, ie a distance of 1/100 to 5/10 mm.
  • this Bernoulli effect is hardly effective and natural even at distances of more than 5/10 mm.
  • a production of more than 5/10 mm is also difficult.
  • the speed of the cutting hole plates is changeable and adjustable, with more than 270 000 cuts per kilogram of meat are possible. This is especially true for Feinbratsorten, which usually accounts for more than 60% of all cases.
  • the drive motors run between 2950 and 3150 rpm, whereby by means of a translation the speed is adapted to the needs. After all, it results in more than 270 000 cuts per kilogram, which must not be exceeded anyway.
  • An additional advantage of the claimed crusher can also be that with several cutting planes, the holes in either the orifice plates or stationary perforated plates are preferably round but could also be oval or kidney-shaped. Important for safe operation, the passage areas of the holes per interacting plate only + -5% from the subsequent deviate, so that no blockages arise due to different cross-sections.
  • a crusher is arranged in a housing 1, which is closed by a cover 2 and is fixed on a base 3.
  • a hopper 4 the material to be crushed, in particular sausage meat, filled.
  • a second hopper 5 directs the meat to the actual crushing machine.
  • the crushing machine has a shaft 6 on which successively rotating inserts 7 and co-rotating spacers 8 are arranged.
  • the spacers are arranged rotatably in a central bore 9 stationary perforated plates 10.
  • the stationary perforated plates 10 are arranged secured against rotation by a wedge 11 in the housing and have holes 12 in a known manner for the passage of the material to be comminuted, for example, roast on.
  • a rotating cutting plate 7 I arranged with corresponding to the shredded material relatively large cutting plate holes 13, so that the sausage meat on the hopper 4 and the lid 2 and a disposed within the lid 2 access 14 in a funnel-shaped inlet 15 to Hole 13 of the rotating cutting plate 7 I and from there to the hole 12 I of the stationary perforated plate 10 passes.
  • the distance between the stationary perforated plate 10 III and the rotating cutting plate 7 IV can be reduced due to the thickness of the spacer ring 8 III so that this exerts on the material to be crushed a conveying effect in terms of a water jet pump or the Bernoulli effect.
  • This has the particular advantage that it is possible to dispense with additional means for conveying the comminuted material through the holes of the perforated plates.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Verfahren zur Förderung von Zerkleinerungsgut in einer Zerkleinerungsmaschine für Fleisch (Brät) nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs bzw. einer Zerkleinerungsmaschine, insbesondere zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, nach der Gattung des Nebenanspruchs 3. Ein wesentliches Merkmal bei allen Verfahren dieser Art und Zerkleinerungsmaschinen besteht in der Förderung des Bräts durch die Löcher der Lochplatten, wobei das Brät zerkleinert wird.The invention relates to a method for the promotion of comminuted material in a crusher for meat (sausage meat) according to the preamble of the main claim or a crushing machine, in particular for carrying out the method according to claim 1 or 2, according to the preamble of the independent claim 3. An essential feature in all methods of this type and crushing machines consists in the promotion of the sausage meat through the holes of the perforated plates, wherein the sausage meat is crushed.

Bei einer bekannten Zerkleinerungsmaschine dieser Art ( DE 199 60 409 A1 ) sind vier nacheinander angeordnete Schneidsätze mit jeweils einer stationären Lochplatte vorgesehen, wobei ein mit Messerklingen versehener Schneidkopf zur Zerkleinerung des Schneidgutes rotierend angetrieben wird und entsprechend seiner Gestaltung das Schneidgut durch die Bohrungen der Lochplatte presst. Die Anzahl der Bohrungen in Förderrichtung ist entsprechend der Fördermenge in zunehmender Förderrichtung ebenfalls zunehmend, so dass in etwa ein Gesamtdurchlassquerschnitt erhalten bleibt. Beim in Strömungsrichtung letzten Schneidsatz, dem ein Auswerfer für das zerschnittene Brät nachgeschaltet ist, soll ein möglichst ungehindertes Weiterleiten oder Weiterströmen des Bräts ermöglicht sein. Sollte es sich zeigen, dass "die Tätigkeit zwischen Schneidklingen und Lochplatte nicht mehr optimal ist, muss der Abstand zwischen Schneidklingen und Lochplatten verstellt werden. Hierzu wird der nicht näher gezeigte Antrieb ...". Die Förderung des Bräts erfolgt jedenfalls über die entsprechend schräg zur Verdrehrichtung angeordneten und über die Lochplatten gleitenden Messenklingen.In a known crusher of this type ( DE 199 60 409 A1 ) four consecutively arranged cutting sets are each provided with a stationary perforated plate, wherein a provided with knife blades cutting head for crushing the material to be cut is driven in rotation and according to its design presses the material to be cut through the holes of the perforated plate. The number of holes in the conveying direction is likewise increasing in accordance with the delivery rate in an increasing conveying direction, so that approximately one overall passage cross section is maintained. When in the direction of flow last cutting set, which is followed by an ejector for the cut meat, a possible unhindered forwarding or onward flow of the sausage meat should be possible. If it turns out that "the activity between the cutting blades and the perforated plate is no longer optimal, the distance between the cutting blades and the perforated plates must be adjusted by using the unspecified drive ...". The promotion of the sausage meat takes place in any case via the appropriately arranged obliquely to the direction of rotation and sliding over the perforated plates measuring blades.

Abgesehen davon, dass diese Hilfsmittel in Form von Abstandsförderung der rotierenden zu den stationären Teilen eine Beeinträchtigung der Funktion bedeutet, ist es unvermeidbar, dass, wenn eine ausreichende Zerkleinerung erreicht werden soll, die Schneidklingen in Berührung mit den Lochplatten kommen, wobei es unvermeidbar zu einem Metallabrieb kommt, mit der Folge der Kontamination des Schneidgutes. Aufgrund der gegebenen Reibung zwischen Schneidklinge und Lochplatte entsteht zusätzlich Reibungswärme, so dass das Zelleiweiß des Bräts koaguliert wird und bleibt somit nicht im Brät erhalten, was sich vor allem in der Geschmacksentwicklung auswirkt. Durch die Art der Nachgiebigkeit innerhalb der Schneidsätze sind zudem der Gleichmäßigkeit der Feinheit des Bräts nicht beherrschbare Grenzen gesetzt, was beispielsweise bei feinen Wurstsorten und der heute geforderten Produktivität ungenügend ist.Apart from the fact that these aids in the form of distance promotion of the rotating to the stationary parts means a deterioration of the function, it is unavoidable that, if sufficient crushing is to be achieved, the Cutting blades come into contact with the perforated plates, which inevitably leads to metal abrasion, with the result of contamination of the cut material. Due to the friction between the cutting blade and the perforated plate, there is additional frictional heat, so that the cell protein of the sausage meat is coagulated and thus does not remain in the meat, which mainly affects the flavor development. Due to the nature of the flexibility within the cutting sets, the uniformity of the fineness of the sausage meat is not subject to any controllable limits, which is insufficient, for example, in the case of fine sausages and the productivity demanded today.

Bei einer anderen bekannten Zerkleinerungsmaschine der gattungsgemäßen Art ( CH 489279 ), bei der der Messerkopf axial verschiebbar ist, ist dieser durch die Mittelachse umgebende Schraubenfedern in Richtung Lochscheibe belastet - dabei axial verschiebbar gelagert - wobei ein Vorschneider und Klingenhalter vorgesehen ist und aufgrund der axialen Relativlage der zur Lochscheibe schräg stehenden Vorderflächen der Messerkopfarme die erforderliche fördernde Pumpwirkung erzeugt wird. Ein selbsttätiges Anpassen der Messerklingen an die Stellung der Lochscheibe wird dadurch erreicht, dass der Klingenhalter geringfügig auf der Antriebswelle taumeln kann. Jedenfalls ist ein metallenes Schaben zwischen Messern und Lochplatte gegeben, was zu einer Kontamination des Schneidgutes mit Metallabrieb führt.In another known crushing machine of the generic type ( CH 489279 ), in which the cutter head is axially displaceable, this is surrounded by the central axis coil springs in the direction of perforated disc - while axially displaceable - a Vorschneider and blade holder is provided and due to the axial relative position of the perforated disc obliquely facing front surfaces of the cutter head arms the required promotional Pumping action is generated. An automatic adjustment of the knife blades to the position of the perforated disc is achieved in that the blade holder can wobble slightly on the drive shaft. In any case, there is a metal scraping between knives and perforated plate, which leads to a contamination of the material to be cut with metal abrasion.

Eine weitere bekannte Zerkleinerungsmaschine wird in der PatentschriftAnother known crusher is described in the patent GB 205 422GB 205 422 offenbart. Diese weist eine Arbeitskammer mit einer Vielzahl von stationären und rotierenden Scheiben auf, die das der Zerkleinerungsmaschine zugeführte Material in einer kolloidalen Suspension verteilt. Nachteilig an dieser technischen Lösung ist, dass der Materialtransport erzwungen werden muss, so dass zusätzliche Bauteile notwendig sind. Zudem kommt es zwischen den stationären und rotierenden Scheiben zu einem metallischen Schaben, was zu einer Kontamination des Schneidgutes mit Metallabrieb führt.disclosed. This has a working chamber with a plurality of stationary and rotating discs, which distributes the material supplied to the crusher in a colloidal suspension. A disadvantage of this technical solution is that the material transport must be forced, so that additional components are necessary. In addition, there is a metallic scraping between the stationary and rotating discs, which leads to a contamination of the material to be cut with metal abrasion.

Bei allen bekannten Zerkleinerungsmaschinen für Brät ist ein Auswerfer des zerkleinerten Gutes erforderlich, der unmittelbar dem letzten Schneidsatz nachgeschaltet ist. In manchen Fällen ist hier ein Zentrifugalauswerfer oder -förderer vorgesehen, in manchen Fällen eine vor- oder nachgeschaltete Pumpe. Jedenfalls ist das Fördern des Bräts bisher unbefriedigend gelöst.In all known crushing machines for meat an ejector of the shredded material is required, which is immediately downstream of the last cutting set. In some cases, a centrifugal ejector or conveyor is provided here, in some cases an upstream or downstream pump. In any case, the conveying of the sausage meat has so far been unsatisfactorily solved.

Zugrundeliegende AufgabeUnderlying task

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde ein Verfahren bzw. eine Zerkleinerungsmaschine zu entwickeln, bei der das Brät, ohne Beeinträchtigung mechanischer oder Temperaturmittel, insbesondere gleichmäßig und auch durch die Lochplatte mit den Löchern kleinsten Durchmessers gefördert wird.The invention has for its object to develop a method or a crushing machine in which the sausage meat is promoted, without affecting mechanical or temperature means, in particular evenly and also through the perforated plate with the holes smallest diameter.

Die Erfindung und ihre VorteileThe invention and its advantages

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Förderung von Zerkleinerungsgut sowie eine erfindungsgemäße Zerkleinerungsmaschine sind in den Ansprüchen definiert und haben gegenüber bekannten Verfahren und Maschinen den Vorteil, dass in den Schneidebenen zwischen den Schneideinrichtungen aufgrund des geringen Abstandes von Lochplatte zu Schneidwerkzeug ein mechanisches Vakuum erzeugt wird. Durch dieses Vakuum, das in Art einer Wasserstrahlpumpe arbeitet, wird aufgrund der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit der dünnen Brätschicht das Brät durch die Löcher der Lochplatten gesogen. Aufgrund dieser kontinuierlichen mechanischen Förderung des Schneidgutes durch den Schneidsatz

  • erfolgt keine vorzeitige Teilkoagulation des Eiweißes im Brät durch Reibungswärme,
  • die Körnung bzw. Feinheit kann exakt vorbestimmt werden und
  • der Vakuumeffekt bewirkt vorteilhafterweise eine Reduzierung der Luft und damit des Sauerstoffgehaltes in der Emulsion des Bräts.
The inventive method for the promotion of crushed material and a crushing machine according to the invention are defined in the claims and have over known methods and machines the advantage that in the cutting planes between the cutting devices due to the small distance from perforated plate to cutting tool, a mechanical vacuum is generated. This vacuum, which works in the manner of a water jet pump, the sausage meat is sucked through the holes of the perforated plates due to the flow rate of the thin sausage meat. Due to this continuous mechanical promotion of the material to be cut by the cutting set
  • no premature partial coagulation of the protein in the sausage meat occurs due to frictional heat,
  • the grain or fineness can be exactly predetermined and
  • the vacuum effect advantageously causes a reduction of the air and thus the oxygen content in the emulsion of the sausage meat.

Dies wiederum bewirkt eine erhebliche Verminderung der Fettoxidation (der Reaktion von Fettsäuren und Sauerstoff) im Brät, was zu einer längeren Haltbarkeit der Ware führt. Außerdem wird durch den Entzug von Luft/Sauerstoff die Keimvermehrung im Brät verringert. Zur Erzeugung dieses Wasserstrahlpumpeneffekts, d. h. des das Brät fördernden Vakuums, ist lediglich ein Triebwasserstrahl erforderlich und keine sonstigen beweglichen Teile, wobei sich dieser Triebwasserstrahl durch die Veränderung der Lochquerschnitte während des Zusammenwirkens von Schneidklinge und Lochplatte ergibt, allerdings für die Wirksamkeit einen entsprechend geringen Abstand zwischen Bohrungsmündung und Prallfläche benötigt.This in turn causes a significant reduction in fat oxidation (the reaction of fatty acids and oxygen) in the sausage meat, resulting in a longer shelf life of the product. In addition, the depletion of air / oxygen reduces germ proliferation in the meat. To generate this water jet pumping effect, d. H. the vacuum promoting the sausage meat, only a stream of jet water is required and no other moving parts, this jet stream results through the change of the hole cross sections during the interaction of cutting blade and perforated plate, however, for the effectiveness of a correspondingly small distance between the bore mouth and baffle required.

Gemäß der Erfindung sind mehrere Schneidebenen durch Lochplatten gebildet, wobei der Vakuumeffekt bzw. Fördereffekt nach Bernoulli in Stromrichtung des Bräts zwischen den Schneidsätzen entsteht.According to the invention, a plurality of cutting planes are formed by perforated plates, the vacuum effect or conveyance effect according to Bernoulli being produced in the direction of flow of the sausage meat between the cutting sets.

Gemäß der Erfindung besteht ein definierter axialer Abstand zwischen den Lochplatten und der Schneidvorrichtung zwischen 1/100 und 5/10 mm, wodurch auf das Brät nach dem Prinzip der Wasserstrahlpumpe eine Vakuumpumpwirkung erzeugt wird.According to the invention, there is a defined axial distance between the perforated plates and the cutting device between 1/100 and 5/10 mm, whereby a vacuum pumping effect is produced on the sausage meat according to the principle of the water jet pump.

Gemäß der Erfindung dienen als Schneidvorrichtung ebenfalls Lochplatten, die rotierend angetrieben werden, wobei deren Löcher in Anzahl und Lage denen der stationären Lochplatten entsprechen und wobei diese Schneidlochplatten parallel zu den stationären Lochplatten gelagert sind, so dass aufgrund eines geringen Abstandes zwischen den Platten die erfindungsgemäße Brätförderung bzw. die Vakuumwirkung entsteht. Diese je zwei bzw. drei Lochplatten aufweisenden Schneidsätze haben zudem den Vorteil, dass ein sehr feines Brät produzierbar ist, ohne Kontamination durch Metallabriebe und ohne vorzeitige Koagulierung des Zelleiweißes. Eine schädliche Reibungswärme wird vermieden. Statt den immer einen Abrieb zur Folge habenden Schneidklingen bei den Schneidsätzen der bekannten Maschinen wird erfindungsgemäß das Schneiden des Bräts durch Zusammenwirken der korrespondierenden Löcher der rotierenden Lochplatten mit denen der stationären Lochplatten bewirkt, wobei die scharfen Auslasskanten der Löcher der stationären Lochplatten mit den ebenfalls scharfen Eingangskanten der Löcher der rotierenden Schneidlochplatten das Brät zerschneiden. Diese äußerst wirksame Schneidart ohne Klingenabnutzung ist bei Scheren bekannt, wobei insbesondere auch knochenhaltige Teile zwischen den Scherkanten der einander vorbeifahrenden Löcher zerschnitten werden.According to the invention also serve as a cutting device perforated plates, which are driven in rotation, wherein the holes in number and location correspond to those of the stationary perforated plates and said cutting hole plates are mounted parallel to the stationary perforated plates, so that due to a small distance between the plates Brätförderung invention or the vacuum effect arises. These two or three perforated plates having cutting sets also have the advantage that a very fine sausage meat can be produced without contamination by metal abrasions and without premature coagulation of cellular protein. A harmful frictional heat is avoided. Instead of always having an abrasion entailing cutting blades in the cutting sets of the known machines, the cutting of the sausage meat is effected by cooperation of the corresponding holes of the rotating perforated plates with those of the stationary perforated plates, wherein the sharp outlet edges of the holes of the stationary perforated plates with the also sharp input edges slicing the meat from the holes in the rotating cut-hole plates. This extremely effective cutting without blade wear is known in scissors, in particular, bone-containing parts are cut between the shearing edges of the passing holes.

Ein zusätzlicher Vorteil besteht darin, dass der Förderdruck für das Brät bei dieser Art von Schneidmethode sehr viel geringer sein kann als bei den bekannten mit Schneidklingen arbeitenden Schneidsätzen, bei denen die Schneidklingen aufgrund ihrer Gestaltung und ihrer Anordnung zur Lochplatte hin die Förderfunktion übernehmen. Abgesehen davon, dass eine extreme Feinheit und perfekte Emulgierung des Bräts erzielt werden kann, ist die erfindungsgemäße Zerkleinerungsmaschine außerordentlich leistungsfähig bis hin zu 700 000 Schnitten pro Sekunde. Die Drehzahl der rotierenden Schneidplatten kann stufenlos erfolgen, was dem Anwendungsbereich entgegenkommt. Dadurch, dass, im Unterschied zu den bekannten mit Schneidklingen arbeitenden Schneidsätzen, bei der erfindungsgemäßen Zerkleinerungsmaschine keine unnötige Reibungswärme entsteht, wird das Zelleiweiß nicht vorzeitig koaguliert und verbleibt vollständig zur Bindung und zur vollen Geschmacksentwicklung im Brät.An additional advantage is that the feed pressure for the sausage meat in this type of cutting method can be much lower than in the known cutting sets which operate with cutting blades, in which the cutting blades assume the conveying function due to their design and their arrangement towards the perforated plate. Apart from the fact that an extreme fineness and perfect emulsification of the sausage meat can be achieved, the shredding machine according to the invention is extraordinarily efficient up to 700,000 cuts per second. The rotational speed of the rotating inserts can be infinitely variable, which accommodates the field of application. The fact that, in contrast to the known working with cutting blades cutting sets in the crushing machine according to the invention no unnecessary frictional heat, the cell protein does not Coagulates prematurely and remains completely for binding and full flavor in the sausage meat.

Nach einer zusätzlichen Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind mindestens zwei aus stationären Lochplatten und zugeordneten Schneidlochplatten bestehende Schneidebenen vorgesehen, wobei die Löcher bzw. der Gesamtlochquerschnitt in einer in Strömungsrichtung ersten Lochplatte bis zu 50% größer ist als in der nachfolgenden Lochplatte. Aufgrund des einfachen Aufbaus, nämlich der parallel übereinander liegenden Platten sind bis zu sechs und mehr Schneidebenen möglich. Die Art des gegebenen Aufbaus ermöglicht somit eine hohe Zahl von Schneidsätzen, bei denen die stationären Lochplatten in bekannter Weise in einfachster Art in einem im Gehäuse angeordneten Keil gegen Rotieren verankert sind. Die rotierenden Schneidlochplatten sind aufgrund der parallelen Anordnung sehr einfach über zentrale Mittel antreibbar, wobei aufgrund der konstruktiven Gestaltung einer Lochplatte keine belastenden Zentrifugalkräfte entstehen. Da aufgrund des Plattensystems eine radiale Dichtung für das Brät nicht erforderlich ist, sondern die Dichtung durch die Größe der Laufflächen zueinander bewirkt wird, handelt es sich auch in diesem Punkt um eine äußerst einfache Konstruktion. Der Antrieb der Schneidlochplatten kann entweder über eine zentrale Welle erfolgen oder indem die rotierenden Schneidplatten auf einer Achse gelagert und durch Mitnahmebolzen angetrieben werden. Der Antrieb der Schneidklingen über eine zentrale Welle ist an sich bekannt ( DE 199 60 409 A1 ). Die 50% größere Gesamtdurchlassfläche der ersten Platte dient vor allem dazu einen Strömungsanlauf des Bräts zu bekommen.According to an additional embodiment of the invention, at least two existing of stationary perforated plates and associated cutting hole plates cutting planes are provided, wherein the holes or the total hole cross-section in a flow direction in the first hole plate is up to 50% larger than in the subsequent perforated plate. Due to the simple structure, namely the parallel superimposed plates up to six or more cutting planes are possible. The nature of the given structure thus allows a high number of cutting sets, in which the stationary perforated plates are anchored in a known manner in the simplest way in a wedge arranged in the housing against rotation. The rotating cutting hole plates are due to the parallel arrangement can be driven very easily via central means, due to the structural design of a perforated plate no incriminating centrifugal forces arise. Since a radial seal for the sausage meat is not required due to the plate system, but the seal is caused by the size of the running surfaces to each other, it is also in this point an extremely simple construction. The drive of the cutting hole plates can either be done via a central shaft or by the rotating cutting plates mounted on an axle and driven by driving pin. The drive of the cutting blades via a central shaft is known per se ( DE 199 60 409 A1 ). The 50% larger total passage area of the first plate is used primarily to get a flow start of the sausage meat.

Nach einer zusätzlichen Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist in einer zentralen Führungsbohrung der stationären Lochplatten ein auf einer Hauptachse rotierbar angeordneter und mit den Schneidlochplatten mitrotierender Distanzring vorgesehen, der, in Folge seiner Dicke, insbesondere bei mehreren Schneidsätzen den axialen Abstand von rotierender Schneidlochplatte zu in Förderrichtung nächster rotierender Schneidlochplatte bestimmt.According to an additional embodiment of the invention is provided in a central guide bore of the stationary perforated plates rotatably arranged on a main axis and co-rotating with the Schneidlochplatten spacer ring, the axial distance from rotating Schneidlochplatte to next in the conveying direction, as a result of its thickness, in particular with multiple cutting sets Cutting hole plate determined.

Gemäß der Erfindung ist der Abstand zwischen allen Schneidlochplatten und der zugeordneten Lochplatte so gering zu halten, dass dadurch eine Förderwirkung im Sinne einer Wasserstrahlpumpe entsteht. Hierbei ist der Abstand auf 0,01 mm bis 0,5 mm möglich, d. h. ein Abstand von 1/100 bis 5/10 mm. Bei geringeren Abständen als 1/100 mm ist allerdings dieser Bernoulli-Effekt kaum mehr wirksam und natürlich auch bei Abständen von mehr als 5/10 mm. Eine Produktion mit mehr als 5/10 mm ist zudem schwierig.According to the invention, the distance between all cutting hole plates and the associated perforated plate is to be kept so low that thereby a conveying effect in the sense of a water jet pump is formed. In this case, the distance to 0.01 mm to 0.5 mm is possible, ie a distance of 1/100 to 5/10 mm. At distances smaller than 1/100 mm, however, this Bernoulli effect is hardly effective and natural even at distances of more than 5/10 mm. A production of more than 5/10 mm is also difficult.

Nach einer zusätzlichen Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist die Drehzahl der Schneidlochplatten änderbar und regelbar, wobei mehr als 270 000 Schnitte pro Kilogramm Brät möglich sind. Dies gilt insbesondere für Feinbrätsorten, die in der Regel mehr als 60% aller Fälle ausmacht. Die Antriebsmotoren laufen zwischen 2950 und 3150 rpm, wobei mittels einer Übersetzung die Drehzahl dem Bedarf angepasst wird. Immerhin ergibt es mehr als 270 000 Schnitte pro Kilogramm, was ohnehin nicht überschritten werden darf.According to an additional embodiment of the invention, the speed of the cutting hole plates is changeable and adjustable, with more than 270 000 cuts per kilogram of meat are possible. This is especially true for Feinbratsorten, which usually accounts for more than 60% of all cases. The drive motors run between 2950 and 3150 rpm, whereby by means of a translation the speed is adapted to the needs. After all, it results in more than 270 000 cuts per kilogram, which must not be exceeded anyway.

Ein zusätzlicher Vorteil der beanspruchten Zerkleinerungsmaschine kann auch darin bestehen, dass bei mehreren Schneidebenen die Löcher entweder in den Schneidlochplatten oder stationären Lochplatten vorzugsweise rund sind aber auch oval oder nierenförmig sein könnten. Wichtig für eine sichere Funktion weichen die Durchlassflächen der Löcher pro zusammenwirkender Platte nur +-5% von der nachfolgenden ab, so dass aufgrund unterschiedlicher Querschnitte keine Verstopfungen entstehen.An additional advantage of the claimed crusher can also be that with several cutting planes, the holes in either the orifice plates or stationary perforated plates are preferably round but could also be oval or kidney-shaped. Important for safe operation, the passage areas of the holes per interacting plate only + -5% from the subsequent deviate, so that no blockages arise due to different cross-sections.

Das Wesentliche der Erfindung besteht darin, dass die Brätförderung unabhängig von der mechanisch technischen Konstruktion aufgrund der Unterdruck- bzw. Vakuumwirkung des Wasserstrahlprinzips des geförderten Bräts erfolgt. Dieses Prinzip folgt der bekannten Bernoulli-Gleichung.The essence of the invention is that the Brätförderung is independent of the mechanical engineering design due to the vacuum or vacuum effect of the water jet principle of subsidized sausage meat. This principle follows the well-known Bernoulli equation.

Zeichnung und Beschreibung eines AusführungsbeispielsDrawing and description of an embodiment

Wie in der Zeichnung dargestellt ist in einem Gehäuse 1, welches durch einen Deckel 2 verschlossen ist und auf einem Sockel 3 befestigt ist, eine Zerkleinerungsmaschine angeordnet. Über einen Einwurftrichter 4 wird das zu zerkleinernde Gut, insbesondere Brät, eingefüllt. Ein zweiter Trichter 5 leitet das Brät zur eigentlichen Zerkleinerungsmaschine.As shown in the drawing, a crusher is arranged in a housing 1, which is closed by a cover 2 and is fixed on a base 3. About a hopper 4, the material to be crushed, in particular sausage meat, filled. A second hopper 5 directs the meat to the actual crushing machine.

Bei diesem speziellen Beispiel weist die Zerkleinerungsmaschine eine Welle 6 auf der nacheinander rotierende Schneidplatten 7 und mitrotierende Distanzringe 8 angeordnet sind. Die Distanzringe sind in einer zentralen Bohrung 9 stationärer Lochplatten 10 verdrehbar angeordnet.In this particular example, the crushing machine has a shaft 6 on which successively rotating inserts 7 and co-rotating spacers 8 are arranged. The spacers are arranged rotatably in a central bore 9 stationary perforated plates 10.

Die stationären Lochplatten 10 sind über einen Keil 11 im Gehäuse verdrehgesichert angeordnet und weisen in bekannter Weise Löcher 12 für den Durchgang des zu zerkleinernden Guts, beispielsweise Brät, auf. Im stromauf dieser stationären Lochplatten ist eine rotierende Schneidplatte 7I angeordnet mit entsprechend dem zu zerkleinerten Gut verhältnismäßig großen Schneidplattenlöchern 13, so dass das Brät über den Einwurftrichter 4 und den Deckel 2 sowie einem innerhalb des Deckels 2 angeordneten Zugang 14 in einen trichterförmigen Einlass 15 zum Loch 13 der rotierenden Schneidplatte 7I und von dort zum Loch 12I der stationären Lochplatte 10 gelangt. Zwischen den beiden Lochplatten bzw. den dort einander zugewandten Löchern 12I und 13I bestehen Schneidkanten 16, nämlich einerseits an den Ausgangskanten der Löcher der rotierenden Schneidplatten und andererseits an den Einlasskanten der Löcher in den stationären Lochplatten, wobei bei Rotieren der Schneidplatten 7 das Schneidgut an den Schneidkanten 16 scherenartig zerschnitten wird.The stationary perforated plates 10 are arranged secured against rotation by a wedge 11 in the housing and have holes 12 in a known manner for the passage of the material to be comminuted, for example, roast on. In the upstream of these stationary perforated plates, a rotating cutting plate 7 I arranged with corresponding to the shredded material relatively large cutting plate holes 13, so that the sausage meat on the hopper 4 and the lid 2 and a disposed within the lid 2 access 14 in a funnel-shaped inlet 15 to Hole 13 of the rotating cutting plate 7 I and from there to the hole 12 I of the stationary perforated plate 10 passes. Between the two perforated plates or the holes 12 I and 13 I facing there are cutting edges 16, namely on the one hand to the output edges of the holes of the rotating inserts and on the other hand at the inlet edges of the holes in the stationary perforated plates, wherein upon rotation of the cutting plates 7 the material to be cut is scissor-like cut at the cutting edges 16.

Auch bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Beispiel sind mehrere Schneidsätze hintereinander angeordnet, wobei wichtig ist, dass bei den in Förderrichtung abnehmenden Lochdurchmessern die jeweilige gesamte Durchlassfläche höchstens 4-5 % voneinander abweicht. Es sei denn, bei der ersten Schneidplatte, die oben erwähnt Löcher mit 50% größerem Durchmesser haben. Im Folgenden sind zum leichteren Auffinden die Bezugszahlen der einander entsprechenden Teile in Förderrichtung mit I, II oder III bzw. IV Strichen versehen. Ein Auswerfer 17 ist rotierend ebenfalls auf der Welle 6 gelagert, wobei stirnseitig an diesem Auswerfer 17 nicht dargestellte Bolzen angeordnet sind, die zugeordnete Löcher in den rotierenden Schneidplatten durchdringen - zu deren Mitnahme - und außerdem diesbezügliche Bohrungen in den Distanzringen 8. Durch diese Mitnahmebolzen kann erforderlichenfalls ein oberhalb der Welle 6 gelagerte Zentrifuge 18 für die Rotation mitgenommen werden.Also in the example according to the invention several cutting sets are arranged one behind the other, wherein it is important that with the decreasing hole diameters in the conveying direction, the respective total passage area deviates at most 4-5% from one another. Unless, for the first insert, the above-mentioned holes have 50% larger diameter. In the following, the reference numbers of the corresponding parts are provided in the conveying direction with I, II or III or IV strokes to facilitate finding. An ejector 17 is also rotatably mounted on the shaft 6, wherein the front side of this ejector 17 bolts are not shown, penetrate the associated holes in the rotating inserts - to take them - and also relevant holes in the spacers 8. By this driving pin can if necessary, a centrifuge 18 mounted above the shaft 6 can be taken for rotation.

Der Abstand zwischen der stationären Lochplatte 10III und der rotierenden Schneidplatte 7IV kann aufgrund der Dicke des Distanzringes 8III so reduziert werden, dass dies auf das zu zerkleinernde Gut eine Förderwirkung im Sinne einer Wasserstrahlpumpe oder auch des Bernoulli-Effekts ausübt. Dies hat den besonderen Vorteil, dass auf zusätzliche Mittel zur Förderung des Zerkleinerungsguts durch die Löcher der Lochplatten verzichtet werden kann.The distance between the stationary perforated plate 10 III and the rotating cutting plate 7 IV can be reduced due to the thickness of the spacer ring 8 III so that this exerts on the material to be crushed a conveying effect in terms of a water jet pump or the Bernoulli effect. This has the particular advantage that it is possible to dispense with additional means for conveying the comminuted material through the holes of the perforated plates.

BezugszahlenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Gehäusecasing
22
Deckelcover
33
Sockelbase
44
Einwurftrichterfeeding hopper
55
zweiter Trichtersecond funnel
66
Wellewave
77
rotierende Schneidplatterotating insert
7I 7 I
rotierende Schneidplatterotating insert
7II 7 II
rotierende Schneidplatterotating insert
7III 7 III
rotierende Schneidplatterotating insert
7IV 7 IV
rotierende Schneid platterotating cutting plate
88th
Distanzringspacer
8I 8 I
Distanzringspacer
8II 8 II
Distanzringspacer
8III 8 III
Distanzringspacer
99
zentrale Bohrungcentral hole
1010
stationäre Lochplattestationary perforated plate
10I 10 l
stationäre Lochplattestationary perforated plate
10II 10 II
stationäre Lochplattestationary perforated plate
10III 10 III
stationäre Lochplattestationary perforated plate
1111
Keilwedge
1212
Löcherholes
1313
SchneidplattenlöcherInsert holes
1414
ZugangAccess
1515
Einlassinlet
1616
Schneidkantencutting edges
1717
Auswerferejector
1818
Zentrifugecentrifuge
1919
GleitringdichtungMechanical seal

Claims (5)

  1. Method of conveying material for grinding in a grinding machine, in particular for meat or ground meat, which operates with at least one stationary perforated plate (10, 10', 10", 10"') through which the ground meat passes and
    - with at least one cutter set (7, 10')
    - with in each case one stationary perforated plate (10, 10', 10", 10"') the holes (12') of which in the case of several plates become smaller in diameter from plate to plate in the direction of conveying of the ground meat,
    - with rotationally driven cutting devices (7, 7', 7", 7"') for the ground meat that interact with the perforated plates and
    - with a conveyor device (17) for the ground meat,
    - with conveying of the ground material after grinding and
    - wherein the material for grinding passes through the holes (12') of the stationary perforated plate (10, 10', 10", 10"'),
    - wherein perforated plates (7, 7', 7", 7"') which are rotationally driven also act as cutting devices, wherein the cutting perforated plates (7, 7', 7", 7"') are borne in parallel to the stationary perforated plates (10, 10', 10", 10"') so that the cutting effect is brought about through the hole edges (16) facing each other, and
    - wherein through the axial distance between the perforated plates and the cutting device a defined distance is between 1/100 and 5/10 mm which exerts a vacuum pump effect on the ground meat in accordance with the water jet pump principle and
    - conveying takes place on the basis of a negative pressure or vacuum,
    - wherein this negative pressure is present or is produced at the outlet of the holes
    characterised in that
    the holes (13) of the rotationally driven perforated plates (7, 7', 7", 7"') correspond in number and position to those of the stationary perforated plates (10, 10', 10", 10"').
  2. Method according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    a plurality of cutting planes are formed by perforated plates, wherein the conveying effect results in the directon of conveying of the ground meat due to the negative pressure forming between the cutting sets.
  3. Grinding machine in particular for carrying out the method according to claim 1 or 2, more particularly for the grinding of meat or ground meat
    - with at least one cutting set (7', 10')
    - with in each case one stationary perforated plate (10, 10', 10", 10"') the holes (12') of which in the case of several plates become smaller in diameter from plate to plate in the direction of conveying of the ground meat,
    - with rotationally driven cutting devices (7, 7', 7", 7"') for the ground meat that interact with the perforated plates and
    - with a conveyor device (17) for the ground meat,
    - wherein through the axial distance between the perforated plates (10, 10', 10", 10"') and the cutting device (7, 7', 7", 7"') a defined distance is between 1/100 and 5/10 mm which exerts a vacuum pump effect on the ground meat in accordance with the water jet pump principle
    - wherein perforated plates (7, 7', 7", 7"') which are rotationally driven also act as cutting devices, wherein the cutting perforated plates (7, 7', 7", 7"') are borne in parallel to the stationary perforated plates (10, 10', 10", 10"') so that the cutting effect is brought about through the hole edges (16) facing each other,
    characterised in that
    the holes (13) of the rotationally drive perforated plates (7, 7', 7", 7"') correspond in number and position to those of the stationary perforated plates (10, 10', 10", 10"').
  4. Grinding machine according to claim 3 characterised in that the axial distance between stationary perforated plates or cutting perforated plates or an end plate defined for vacuum production is between 1/100 to 5/10 mm.
  5. Grinding machine according to any one of claims 3 or 4 characterised in that arranged axially between the cutting perforated plates are spacer rings which rotate with them and determine their axial spacing and/or axial position.
EP11819067.7A 2010-12-23 2011-12-22 Vacuum continuous cutter Active EP2654962B1 (en)

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DE102010055785.4A DE102010055785B4 (en) 2010-12-23 2010-12-23 Konti cutter vacuum
PCT/DE2011/002168 WO2012095082A1 (en) 2010-12-23 2011-12-22 Vacuum continuous cutter

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CN103611608A (en) * 2013-12-25 2014-03-05 苏州多贝机械科技有限公司 Epoxy resin paint crushing device
CN107999229B (en) * 2017-12-15 2019-04-16 南京轩世琪源软件科技有限公司 Shredder is used in a kind of office

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2703782A1 (en) * 1976-02-05 1977-08-11 Alvin W Hughes DEVICE FOR EMULSIFYING SAUSAGE Dough

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB205422A (en) * 1923-02-15 1923-10-18 Andre Joly Improvements in and relating to grinding and disintegrating machines
CH359053A (en) * 1957-02-04 1961-12-15 Strasser Hans Crushing, emulsifying and homogenizing machine
AT320464B (en) * 1968-03-01 1975-02-10 Vemag Verdener Masch App Meat mincing machine with at least one perforated disc, in front of which a multi-armed cutter head rotates
DE19603557C2 (en) * 1996-02-01 1999-04-22 Guenter Krueger Device for emulsifying comminuted organic masses, substances and / or liquids
DE19960409A1 (en) * 1999-12-15 2001-06-21 Inotec Gmbh Maschinenentwicklu Device for comminuting a material to be comminuted
DE10248185A1 (en) * 2002-10-16 2004-05-06 Richard Meyenschein Butchers machine including rotary screw pump for meat transfer, includes intermeshing, sealed, counter-rotating screws

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2703782A1 (en) * 1976-02-05 1977-08-11 Alvin W Hughes DEVICE FOR EMULSIFYING SAUSAGE Dough

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DE102010055785B4 (en) 2016-03-31
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DE102010055785A1 (en) 2012-06-28
WO2012095082A1 (en) 2012-07-19

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