EP2573462A1 - Heizanlage für Festbrennstoff vom Typ individualisierte Elemente - Google Patents

Heizanlage für Festbrennstoff vom Typ individualisierte Elemente Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2573462A1
EP2573462A1 EP12185427A EP12185427A EP2573462A1 EP 2573462 A1 EP2573462 A1 EP 2573462A1 EP 12185427 A EP12185427 A EP 12185427A EP 12185427 A EP12185427 A EP 12185427A EP 2573462 A1 EP2573462 A1 EP 2573462A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grid
fuel
heating system
elements
combustion chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP12185427A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2573462B1 (de
Inventor
Maurice Perge
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sarl CEVEN
R L CEVEN SA
Original Assignee
Sarl CEVEN
R L CEVEN SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=46851345&utm_source=***_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP2573462(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Sarl CEVEN, R L CEVEN SA filed Critical Sarl CEVEN
Publication of EP2573462A1 publication Critical patent/EP2573462A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2573462B1 publication Critical patent/EP2573462B1/de
Revoked legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B30/00—Combustion apparatus with driven means for agitating the burning fuel; Combustion apparatus with driven means for advancing the burning fuel through the combustion chamber
    • F23B30/02—Combustion apparatus with driven means for agitating the burning fuel; Combustion apparatus with driven means for advancing the burning fuel through the combustion chamber with movable, e.g. vibratable, fuel-supporting surfaces; with fuel-supporting surfaces that have movable parts
    • F23B30/06—Combustion apparatus with driven means for agitating the burning fuel; Combustion apparatus with driven means for advancing the burning fuel through the combustion chamber with movable, e.g. vibratable, fuel-supporting surfaces; with fuel-supporting surfaces that have movable parts with fuel supporting surfaces that are specially adapted for advancing fuel through the combustion zone
    • F23B30/08—Combustion apparatus with driven means for agitating the burning fuel; Combustion apparatus with driven means for advancing the burning fuel through the combustion chamber with movable, e.g. vibratable, fuel-supporting surfaces; with fuel-supporting surfaces that have movable parts with fuel supporting surfaces that are specially adapted for advancing fuel through the combustion zone with fuel-supporting surfaces that move through the combustion zone, e.g. with chain grates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B40/00—Combustion apparatus with driven means for feeding fuel into the combustion chamber
    • F23B40/06—Combustion apparatus with driven means for feeding fuel into the combustion chamber the fuel being fed along the fuel-supporting surface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B90/00—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus
    • F23B90/04—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus including secondary combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H11/00—Travelling-grates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H15/00—Cleaning arrangements for grates; Moving fuel along grates

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of heating installations capable of operating from a fuel of the type with individual elements such as shredded wood, granules (pellets), chips, sawdust, etc.
  • the heating system according to the invention finds particularly advantageous applications for constituting a stove or a heating boiler with individual elements of wood type.
  • a heating system has a combustion chamber having an outlet for the fuel of the type with individual elements such as shredded wood or pellets.
  • the supply of fuel is ensured by means of a feed system comprising one or more worms ensuring the transfer of fuel between a storage silo and the combustion chamber.
  • the delivery system is conventionally provided with a safety system against backfires such as a fire damper or an airlock.
  • the combustion chamber is equipped with a fuel recovery grid provided by the supply system.
  • the combustion chamber comprises, beneath the recovery grid, an enclosure for supplying a primary oxidant intended to pass through the grid via primary passages arranged in the grid.
  • the fuel placed on the grid is intended to be ignited by means of an igniter controlled on / off.
  • the combustion chamber is equipped with a system for supplying a secondary oxidant for gases and fumes rising from the combustion chamber into a recovery chamber.
  • Another known solution is to mount the grid tilting manner to ensure its tilting 90 ° to automatically remove the ash and foreign bodies of the grid.
  • Such a technique requires stopping the combustion and motorizing the grid.
  • this technique does not ensure complete ash removal of the grid.
  • the present invention therefore aims to overcome the disadvantages of the technique by proposing a new fuel heating system with individual elements having ease of implementation while allowing to obtain an improved thermal efficiency.
  • the heating installation comprises a system for cleaning the grid by penetrating fingers in the primary passages presented by the grid.
  • the heating system according to the invention makes it possible to maintain constant the parameters of good combustion while avoiding the implementation of a servo system.
  • the fingers of cleaning of the grid form part of a wheel of rotation drive also ensuring the displacement of the elements of recovery.
  • the elements for recovering the grid are flat or round elements, independent of each other and guided in displacement at their ends.
  • Another object of the invention is to propose a heating installation designed to operate at a variable combustion power of 1 to 3 per model.
  • the heating system comprises a hearth having movable walls modifying the surface of the gate and the volume of the hearth and the flow rate of the primary oxidant and the secondary oxidizer for varying the power. of combustion.
  • the object of the invention relates to a 1 Heating installation operating with a fuel 2 which appears in the form of individual elements such as particles or granules of solid materials such as wood chips, granules (pellets), chips, sawdust, etc.
  • a fuel 2 which appears in the form of individual elements such as particles or granules of solid materials such as wood chips, granules (pellets), chips, sawdust, etc.
  • the heating system according to the invention is particularly suitable for shredded wood.
  • the heating installation 1 comprises a combustion chamber 3 delimited by a closed envelope 4 of refractory character which will be described more precisely in the following description.
  • the combustion chamber 3 comprises an outlet orifice 5 for the fuel 2 supplied via a delivery system 6.
  • the feed system 6 comprises a worm 7 mounted inside a straight duct tight 8.
  • the right duct 8 is supplied with fuel stored inside a sealed silo 9.
  • the worm 7 is rotated by means of a geared motor 11. The worm 7 thus ensures the transfer, in a sealed manner between the storage silo 9 and the combustion chamber 3, for the fuel which arrives in the combustion chamber 3 through the outlet orifice 5.
  • the worm 7 is mounted interchangeably in the right sealed conduit 8, thus making it possible to change the fuel used and for example to pass shredded wood pellets.
  • the worm 7 is mounted inside a sheath before being placed in the right sealed duct 8.
  • the cross section of the worm 7 is between 1 ⁇ 4 and 1 ⁇ 2 of the cross section of the duct 8.
  • This embodiment allows to obtain a high fuel flow while using a geared motor of lower power, leading to lower consumption.
  • this design leads to noise-free operation and fuel supply to the center.
  • the combustion chamber 3 also has a gate 13 which opens on the orifice 5 2 Fuel the feed to be deposited on the gate 13. Below the gate 13 recovery ( Fig. 5 ), is provided an enclosure 14 for supplying a primary oxidant 15 intended to cross the gate 13 by primary passages 16 ( Fig. 6 ).
  • the primary oxidant such as air is supplied by a fan 17 blowing the air inside the enclosure 14 and passes through the grid 13 through the primary passages 16.
  • the combustion chamber 3 is equipped with a device 18 for igniting the fuel placed on the gate 13.
  • the device 18 is a thermal igniter opening into the combustion chamber 3, substantially at the outlet orifice 5 of the fuel.
  • the igniter is placed in the flow of primary oxidant delivered by the fan 17.
  • the thermal igniter 18 is inclined to be directed towards the fuel pile formed on the grid 13.
  • the grid 13 comprises a series of grid elements 21 mounted in a juxtaposed and endless manner, being driven in displacement to be able to translate at least in a laying surface S substantially flat and on which opens outlet port 5 of the fuel.
  • the laying surface S of the grid 13 thus extends below the outlet orifice 5, with or without an offset of height with respect to this outlet orifice 5.
  • the grid 13 is constituted by a series of elements 21 preferably independent, and mounted contiguously or contiguously to move in a loop path, in the manner of an endless chain or band.
  • the grid elements 21 are thus caused to extend successively in the laying surface S, in a lower flat surface S 1 located below and parallel to the laying surface S and in two curved areas S 2 and S 3 connecting between the flat surfaces S and S 1 .
  • the path of movement of the grid elements 21 has an oblong shape but it is clear that the path of movement of the grid elements 21 outside the flat laying surface S may have a different path.
  • the grid elements 21 are constituted by flat elements having a parallelepipedal shape.
  • the grid elements 21 may have a different shape such as round.
  • the grid elements 21 are tubes that can rotate on their axis.
  • these grid elements 21 are made of steel, stainless steel, cast iron or ceramic. These grid elements 21 are guided in displacement at their ends, in guides 23 such as slides.
  • the grid elements 21 are arranged to present the primary passages 16 for the primary oxidant.
  • the shape of the primary passages arranged in the grid elements 21 are of any suitable form.
  • the grid elements 21 are driven in translation by means of a drive system 24.
  • the drive system 24 comprises two wheels 25 for rotating the grid elements 21, situated in curved areas S 2 , S 3 .
  • the rotational drive of the grid elements 21 located in the curved zones S 2 , S 3 leads, under the effect of the thrust forces exerted by the grid elements 21 between them, to a translation of the grid elements 21 in the flat surfaces S, S 1 .
  • the drive wheels 25 are rotated by means of a motor unit which is preferably the geared motor 11 which ensures the rotation of the worm screw 7.
  • the geared motor 11 drives the drive wheels 25 to rotate. using a transmission 11 1 .
  • the wheels 25 continuously drive the grid elements 21.
  • the drive wheels 25 are adapted so that their rotation does not cause the displacement of the grid elements 21 located in the laying surface S for a predetermined period of time. It should be understood that the grid remains fixed during this predetermined period of time while the fuel is fed by the worm 7.
  • the heating installation comprises a system 26 for cleaning the grid 13 by penetrating fingers 27 in the primary passages 16 presented by the grid 13.
  • the fingers 27 thus make it possible to clean the grid and 'remove any waste likely to clog the primary passages 16.
  • the fingers 27 of the grid form part of the rotating drive wheels 25.
  • the fingers 27 provide a dual function, namely to drive the grid elements 21 and to clean the primary passages 16.
  • the cleaning of the primary passages 16 may be provided by fingers 27 which are mounted independently of the drive wheels 25.
  • the hearth 3 has movable walls 31 modifying the surface of the grid 13 and the combustion volume and the flow of the primary 15 and secondary oxidizer 19.
  • the combustion chamber 3 comprises at least two movable walls 31 extending from on both sides of the fuel outlet orifice 5 and between a position outside the grid 13 corresponding to the maximum power (wall 31 at the bottom on the Fig. 6 ) and a partial overlap position of the grid 13 corresponding to a minimum power (wall 31 at the top on the Fig. 6 ).
  • the displacement of the movable walls 31 makes it possible to obtain a variable combustion power that can vary in a ratio of 1 to 3.
  • the heating installation 1 thus has an adjustable heating power of combustion. It is thus very easy to be able to switch from one type of fuel to another, such as pellets to shredded wood.
  • the movable walls 31 are located outside the grid 13 so that all the primary passages 16 deliver the primary oxidant inside the combustion chamber 3.
  • the communication passages 20 2 for the secondary oxidizer 19 occupy their maximum open position. Indeed, the communication passages 20 2 are not obstructed by the movable walls 31, as shown by the wall 31 located at the bottom on the Fig. 6 .
  • the movable walls 31 reduce the surface of the grid 13 and consequently the combustion volume, with decrease of the primary oxidant leaving through the primary passages 16.
  • the communication passages 2 for the secondary oxidizer 19 occupy a reduced opening position, resulting in a decrease in the flow rate of the secondary oxidant 19 delivered by the secondary passages 20 1 .
  • the movable walls 31 are pivoted, gradually closing the communication passages 2 , as shown by the wall 31 at the top on the Fig. 6 .
  • the displacement of the movable walls 31 between these two extreme positions makes it possible to adjust the combustion power.
  • the movement of the movable walls 31 allows to vary simultaneously the flow rate of the primary 15 and secondary oxidizing 19.
  • the variation in the flow rate of the secondary oxidant 19 is proportional to the flow rate of the primary oxidant 15.
  • the two movable walls 31 are mounted each articulated along a vertical axis 33 located near the outlet orifice 5.
  • the movable walls 31 can be pivoted between a position in which the movable walls 31 are parallel to each other and to the edges of the grid 13 and a position in which their opposite ends of those articulated are close together.
  • each movable wall 31 comprises a refractory material mounted on a support delimiting between them a chamber 32 for distributing the secondary oxidant, communicating with the communication passage 2 and the secondary passages 20 1 formed in the refractory material.
  • the movable walls 31 are moved using a manual or motorized control 35.
  • this control 35 makes it possible to simultaneously pivot the movable walls 31 so as to maintain symmetry at the combustion chamber.
  • This control 35 has several preselected positions corresponding to the various combustion powers varying between the maximum and minimum positions.
  • the control 35 acts simultaneously on the ends of the movable walls 31 opposite those adjacent to the pivot axis.
  • a control plate 40 by weighing is mounted to recover the various compounds brought by the grid at the end of its path on the laying surface S.
  • the control plate 40 is mounted substantially at the axis of rotation of the drive wheel 25, being spaced apart from the gate elements 21 passing in front, at a suitable interval to let the ash and recover various compounds.
  • a movable ashtray 46 such as a drawer is mounted below the gate 13 to recover the ashes falling from the gate 13 on the end of travel of the gate elements 21 in the laying surface S. It should be noted that when the ashtray is full, the ashes can not fall into the ashtray and are found recovered by the control tray 40.
  • the control plate 40 is intended to receive, with the exception of normal ashes, and as compounds, the unburned fuel in case of ignition failure or bad combustion or waste such as pebbles, spikes, etc. As indicated above, the control plate 40 also recovers ashes when the ashtray is full.
  • the control plate 40 is pivotally mounted about a pivot axis 41. The overload of the plate 40 causes it to tilt, which is detected by a contactor 43 connected to a control circuit 44 designed to control the operation of the heating installation . When the switch 43 detects a tilting of the control plate 40, the control circuit 44 leads to the shutdown of the installation.
  • the Fig. 8 illustrates an alternative embodiment of an embodiment in which is mounted below the gate, a system 48 for discharging ash inside the ashtray 46.
  • this exhaust system 48 is an axis braces driven by the displacement of the grid elements 21 and in particular those located in the lower plane to the laying plane S. The rotation of this crossbar axis causes the ash to be fed to the ashtray 46.
  • the control circuit 44 drives the geared motor 11 to bring the fuel 2 into the home via the worm 7, and to move the grid elements 21 to ensure the spreading of the fuel 2. Simultaneously, the control circuit 44 ensures the operation of the igniter 18 and the fan 17 which ensures the supply of primary 15 and secondary oxidants 19. From the beginning of combustion, the igniter 18 is off .
  • the control circuit 44 controls the sequential displacement of the grid elements 21 as a function of the feed of the fuel 2. Thus, the grid elements 21 are displaced by a predetermined distance to ensure a good distribution of the fuel on the grid.
  • the chamber A for recovering gases and fumes is made of a refractory material or refractory stones delimiting internally a vertical nozzle 50 in the form of venturi surmounted by a focus sky 51.
  • the form of venturi allows accelerate the gases and fumes inside room A.
  • This heating installation 1 may advantageously comprise at least one heat exchanger between a circulation circuit of a coolant (gaseous or liquid) and the circuit of gases and fumes rising from the combustion chamber 3.
  • a coolant gaseous or liquid
  • This heating installation 1 can thus equip a stove or a heating boiler.
  • this heating installation 1 can respond to combustion powers of between less than 10 kW and more than 300 kW.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
EP12185427.7A 2011-09-22 2012-09-21 Heizanlage für Festbrennstoff vom Typ individualisierte Elemente Revoked EP2573462B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1158439A FR2980555B1 (fr) 2011-09-22 2011-09-22 Installation de chauffage pour combustible du type a elements individualises

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2573462A1 true EP2573462A1 (de) 2013-03-27
EP2573462B1 EP2573462B1 (de) 2015-11-04

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ID=46851345

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12185427.7A Revoked EP2573462B1 (de) 2011-09-22 2012-09-21 Heizanlage für Festbrennstoff vom Typ individualisierte Elemente

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EP (1) EP2573462B1 (de)
FR (1) FR2980555B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2558052A1 (es) * 2014-07-31 2016-02-01 Josep Mª QUINTILLA GUARDIA Quemador de biomasa y procedimiento para quemar biomasa en dicho quemador

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US676930A (en) * 1901-02-25 1901-06-25 Elijah Fleet Wees Ash-remover for boilers.
JPS57150338U (de) * 1981-03-17 1982-09-21
US5375540A (en) 1993-08-25 1994-12-27 Federal Energy Corporation System for burning bio-mass and synthetic solid fuel
EP1260764A1 (de) 2001-05-25 2002-11-27 Palazzetti Lelio Spa Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Entfernen von Verunreinigungen, Asche oder dergleichen aus einem Herd für Heizungen

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2526922A1 (fr) 1982-05-17 1983-11-18 Kuczewski De Poray Marcel Chaudiere a combustible solide du type a tube foyer rayonnant, procede de transformation d'une chaudiere et moyens pour sa mise en oeuvre
CN2125069U (zh) 1992-05-22 1992-12-16 特木热夫 开链循环炉排

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US676930A (en) * 1901-02-25 1901-06-25 Elijah Fleet Wees Ash-remover for boilers.
JPS57150338U (de) * 1981-03-17 1982-09-21
US5375540A (en) 1993-08-25 1994-12-27 Federal Energy Corporation System for burning bio-mass and synthetic solid fuel
EP1260764A1 (de) 2001-05-25 2002-11-27 Palazzetti Lelio Spa Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Entfernen von Verunreinigungen, Asche oder dergleichen aus einem Herd für Heizungen

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2558052A1 (es) * 2014-07-31 2016-02-01 Josep Mª QUINTILLA GUARDIA Quemador de biomasa y procedimiento para quemar biomasa en dicho quemador

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2980555B1 (fr) 2013-10-11
FR2980555A1 (fr) 2013-03-29
EP2573462B1 (de) 2015-11-04

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