EP2115383B1 - Nicht tödliches ballistisches geschoss mit leuchtmarkierung des aufschlagbereichs - Google Patents

Nicht tödliches ballistisches geschoss mit leuchtmarkierung des aufschlagbereichs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2115383B1
EP2115383B1 EP08701601A EP08701601A EP2115383B1 EP 2115383 B1 EP2115383 B1 EP 2115383B1 EP 08701601 A EP08701601 A EP 08701601A EP 08701601 A EP08701601 A EP 08701601A EP 2115383 B1 EP2115383 B1 EP 2115383B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
liquids
liquid
chambers
projectile according
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Not-in-force
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EP08701601A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2115383A1 (de
Inventor
Jacques Ladyjensky
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Cyalume Technologies Inc
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Cyalume Technologies Inc
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/40—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information of target-marking, i.e. impact-indicating type

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a projectile with luminous marking of the impact zone.
  • This type of projectile advantageously makes it possible to locate remotely and easily, the points or areas of impact of fired projectiles, including those of small caliber, in order, among other things, to progressively improve the accuracy of the firing and to allow the training of the users.
  • This type of projectile can be used for example in a military setting or by law enforcement.
  • the projectile is for training and is non-lethal.
  • EP-A-1043562 discloses a non-lethal projectile according to the preamble of claim 1, adapted to the control of demonstrators by the police, comprising an inertial mass capable of causing the disemboweling of a membrane delimiting a chamber comprising an inhibiting agent or a marker agent.
  • the article of the present invention and its method of use utilize the well known property of certain chemical liquids to provide chemiluminescent emission when mixed.
  • the use here envisages it in dark atmosphere or mentally nocturnal.
  • the invention proposes in particular to overcome these disadvantages.
  • the invention is based on the effect of the rupture of one or more membranes, separating chambers comprising products with chemiluminescent potentiality, during firing or impact of a projectile.
  • the membrane or membranes are for example torn by the deformation of the projectile and / or the displacement of an internal inertial mass or integrated into the projectile, at the time of firing and / or impact.
  • the invention is based on the movement inside the main body of the projectile, an inertial mass, which, under the effect of acceleration or deceleration due to shooting, comes to disembowel one or more membranes separating two or more chambers, each of which contains one or more components, including a liquid with chemiluminescent potentiality. Mixing liquids with chemiluminescent potential between them causes the emission of light. Once illuminated, according to the type of projectile, the mixture may remain confined inside the main body, whose walls must then be translucent, or be expelled in whole or in part to the outside, so as to make the target more visible, even if it is mobile.
  • the chambers which contain liquid with chemiluminescent potentiality are separated by a membrane, attached along its periphery to the main body of the projectile, membrane intended to be disemboweled by the movement of the inertial mass.
  • This membrane is preferably made of an aluminum foil coated with a polymeric varnish.
  • European patent EP 1421314 B1 and its counterpart in the United States US 2003/0223219 A1 which describe a flexible pouch for use of illuminating element, consisting of two membranes similar to the one just mentioned, sealed together on their periphery, forming a chamber that the user disconnects by means of a ball or other grain hard. According to the present invention there is no intervention of a user.
  • the purpose of the membrane pouch is not and can not be in any way to equip a projectile, even large caliber, and a fortiori medium or small caliber.
  • a pouch being formed of two membranes sealed together according to the peripheral part of their surface, there would be almost nothing as a volume available inside if we were to consider a pouch that would be only a few millimeters in size.
  • the projectile according to the invention is provided with orifices through which the lit liquid can eject, either because of the pressure due to the movement of the inertial mass (piston effect) or by a chemical reaction generating gas obtained by the mixture of two components at the time of the herniation.
  • the invention therefore proposes a projectile with a luminous marking of the impact zone, consisting of a hollow cylindrical body, in which one or more inertial masses can be moved in motion by the acceleration, positive or negative, implied by the firing process, a movement that causes the disruption of one or more membranes separating two or more chambers within the hollow ogival body, each of which contains a fluid with chemiluminescent potentiality, which liquids, when mixed, emit light, the projectile comprising, at the front, a conduit providing communication between the interior of the projectile and the external environment, conduit for the expulsion of the illuminated liquid.
  • the one or more inertial masses during the setting in motion acts or acts as a piston inside the hollow main body, causing the expulsion outwards, through orifices provided in the walls of the projectile, the liquid mixture emitting light.
  • the membrane or membranes to be disemboweled constitute, besides a physical separation of the chemical liquids before their mixing, a barrier against the diffusion of any constituent element of these liquids, diffusion being able to be harmful to the conservation of the integrity of their properties during the storage period.
  • the membrane or membranes consist, for example, of an aluminum foil lacquered on at least one of its faces with a heat-sealable polymeric varnish intended to adhere, via an instant heat supply, to the body of the projectile, or intermediate piece ad hoc, so as to form the required room (s).
  • the heat-sealable polymeric varnish is preferably neutral without any chemical influence on the composition or preservation of chemiluminescent potential liquids with which it is in contact, and is itself undissolved by the solvents of said liquids, for example a product of the Morprime type. (TM) Morton, division of Rohm & Haas (USA).
  • the projectile according to the invention may furthermore be provided at the front with a plug having the shape of a cylinder which can slide inside the main body, while projecting out of the latter at the front, of to be the first surface that will meet the target at impact, cylinder provided with hollow longitudinal grooves on its peripheral surface, which allow the exit of the luminous mixture under pressure, the hollow grooves constituting channels of small enough section to ensure a light rolling of the liquid whose mixture is desired.
  • a conduit providing communication between the inside of the projectile and the external medium is provided, which conduit allows the expulsion of the illuminated liquid, and which can be provided with a plug intended to disengage at the time of impact. the arrival.
  • the projectile may be provided in addition to the aforementioned liquids, in one or more of its chambers, compounds likely to have a gas-emitting reaction, when they are mixed together as a result of one or more membranes separating the chambers.
  • the constituent material of the main body of the projectile and / or that of the stopper may advantageously be an elastomeric polymer.
  • the walls of the latter have folds, accordion way, such as to facilitate crushing against a target, with volume reduction.
  • inertial masses may be provided, on the side where it faces a membrane, a ruptured tip or pyramid structure.
  • the projectile comprises a body 1 whose hollow interior is of cylindrical shape.
  • a plug 2 which protrudes from the body 1 towards the front, while remaining inserted along a certain length, according to which will be guiding said cap when it, under the effect of the impact on arrival, will move inside the body 1 to take the position illustrated by the Fig. 1B .
  • the tightening of the plug 2 in the body 1 must be strong enough to prevent loosening under the effect of the violent acceleration at the start of the projectile, but weak enough to allow the slip mentioned above.
  • a pyramid-shaped piece 7 consisting essentially of 3 or 4 knives intended to disembowel the membranes 3 and 4 and thus cause the mixing and the activation of the two liquids with chemiluminescent potentiality which were respectively located in the space 5 between the membranes 3 and 4 and in the space 6 between the space 4 and the bottom of the hollow part of the projectile.
  • the cap 2 may advantageously be of flexible material, while the pyramid with cutting sides 7 is hard and relatively dense material. This piece can or not be attached to the cap 2. If it is not, it can be expected that it will move backwards, already under the effect of the acceleration due to firing, and in this case, it will disembowel the membranes 3 and 4 causing the illumination already in course of trajectory.
  • the cap 2 is provided on its cylindrical periphery with grooves or grooves 21, which provide hollow conduits for the ejection of the activated liquid towards the front of the projectile, where it is supposed to flood the target.
  • a set of fins or empennage there is shown in 10 a set of fins or empennage, the presence of which is optional, which could be indicated if it is desired to improve the behavior of the projectile during its ballistic journey.
  • the rear part 8 of the projectile can be inserted in a cartridge or socket, in the conventional manner for normal bullets.
  • grains of chemical product that can have a gas-emitting action if they are brought to be put into operation.
  • a suitable reagent may for example be hydrogen peroxide, the presence of which is usual in one of the liquid components with chemiluminescent potential.
  • gas emitting reagents would serve to increase the internal pressure and facilitate the expulsion of the liquid light content.
  • the Fig. 2 represents a completely similar execution, but here the grooves or grooves 21 do not extend over the entire length of the cap 1.
  • the rear thereof has a smooth periphery ensuring a better seal.
  • the body 1 has a narrowing in diameter, also promoting this seal.
  • the pyramid 7 with knives is shown in the execution detached from the cap 2.
  • the arrangement of the chambers 5 and 6 containing the chemiluminescent liquids has been simplified.
  • a skirt optional element capable of increasing the stability in trajectory.
  • the body 1 is preferably made of elastomeric polymeric material, here for three reasons. In the first place, this execution will facilitate the crash against the target of the entire front part of the projectile, with a serious decrease of the internal volume, therefore beneficial increase of the pressure determining the ejection of liquid. Note in this finality the existence of a fold 12, accordion way, in the drawing of the hollow ogival body 1. Then, an elastomeric execution can also be justified by the concern to make the ball more harmless in the case where a no one is on his trajectory.
  • an elastomer embodiment allows the play of a plug 11 of frustoconical shape, in harder material, housed in the front of the body 1, - this housing having heard the frustoconical shape also, to seal before impact.
  • This cap is provided with a mushroom 13, the presence of which, if the projectile encounters a target oblique to the trajectory, will facilitate the slight movement that is required of the cap to disengage.
  • the eventration of the membrane 3 is caused by the inertial movement of the mass 2 as soon as the projectile leaves, and this inertial mass 2, in the embodiment considered here, is not connected to the plug 11 and acts independently of the clearance of the latter.
  • the liquids with chemiluminescent potentiality have been arranged respectively in the chambers 5 and 6.
  • the first one is formed of the space which is in front of the membrane 3 and the second, behind this membrane 3.
  • the chamber 5 is located between two membranes, as in the Fig. 1 .
  • the considerations set out above in the case of the Fig. 1 concerning the possible existence of a tail, and grains of chemicals of action emitting gas remain applicable.
  • the Fig. 4 relates to a simpler execution than the previous, which is not part of the invention, where it does not intervene ejection of light liquid out of the ogival body.
  • the latter is then executed in transparent or translucent material.
  • the inertial mass 2 is supposed to move backwards as soon as it is fired and cause activation. The features described above remain applicable.
  • the target will not be sprayed with bright liquid, but if the bright ball remains visible on or beside the target, the desired goal could be considered achieved if the circumstances lend themselves to it.
  • the Fig. 5 to 9 represent details of possible executions for the junctions between membranes and ogival body.
  • the membranes are very thin aluminum foils coated with a heat-sealable varnish.
  • the membranes are thus thermally welded to the main body, according to their periphery, on shoulders provided for this purpose.
  • To the Fig. 6 they are on a cylindrical shoulder element, which is introduced into the interior of the main body later, which can facilitate operations, especially if one takes into account that precision filling is necessary with the liquids, before welding.
  • To the Fig. 7 two cylindrical elements are shown one behind the other, and four membranes, 4 and 4 'of which are side by side.
  • the main body 1 of elastomer in the case of the embodiment of the main body 1 of elastomer, there is shown a possibility of using, for the assembly between cylindrical element and ogival body, an embodiment making use of sealing lips, molded with the rest of the ogival body, in order to save a welding operation.
  • the main body is, quite simply, executed in two parts, here numbered 1 and 26, which are welded to one another with the interposition of the varnished aluminum membrane 3 between the two.
  • the aluminum membrane has received the heat seal varnish on each of its two faces.
  • Fig. 10 represents an additional variant of a projectile according to the invention.
  • the projectile presents at the front, a hole 23 of small diameter, where will be ejected the luminous liquid.
  • the membrane 3 separates two chambers respectively provided with chemiluminescent potential liquids, and will be disemboweled as soon as firing, by the inertial movement of the knife pyramid 7.
  • the membrane 25 separates two chambers generating gas function, one containing one liquid and the other a suitable chemical reagent, here represented in the form of crystals 14. The herniation gives the gas generation as soon as firing, but the speed of this reaction can be assayed.
  • An intermediate membrane 4 exists whose presence separates the "light liquid” and “gas generation”functions; it will be disemboweled by the inertial action of the ring 24 having in its center a pointed “syringe needle", which will perforate a hole of modest size, ensuring the transmission of pressure between the back and the front.
  • a projectile according to the invention has been produced essentially in accordance with the Fig. 1 above.
  • the caliber of the main body 1 is 12.5 mm in diameter.
  • the total length reaches 43 mm.
  • the elastomeric stopper 2 is a cylinder 16 mm long and 10.5 mm in diameter, with a frustoconical front.
  • the body 1 is polypropylene homopolymer, to have a suitable mechanical strength.
  • the "knives" arranged in pyramid, which must ensure the penetration and disembowel membranes, are aluminum, density 2.5 or filled homopolymer polypropylene, density of the order of 1.8.
  • the end of the knives is very sharp.
  • the membranes are two in number.
  • first chamber with a volume of 0.12 cubic centimeters, in which there is one of the liquids with potentiality chemiluminescent.
  • the second chamber is located between the second membrane and the bottom of the hollow ogival body, and is filled with the second chemical liquid with chemiluminescent potentiality. Its volume is 0.35 cubic centimeter.
  • the membranes are an aluminum foil 0.30 mm thick, coated on their side to be welded with a 4 micron layer of hot melt varnish based on polypropylene.
  • the cap is provided along its entire cylindrical periphery, 8 longitudinal grooves each 1 mm deep and 2 mm wide, intended to let out the ejected liquid impact, consisting of the two components mixed during the eventration, or still blending. It can be considered that the passage of this mixture through these channels of relatively modest section causes some lamination which contributes to homogenization. After the impact, a good part of the liquid content is spread on the target, and in night atmosphere, is visible at great distance.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Illuminated Signs And Luminous Advertising (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Nicht tödliches ballistisches Geschoss mit leuchtender Markierung des Aufschlagbereichs, bestehend aus einem hohlen zylindrischen Körper (1), der eine inertiale Masse oder mehrere inertialen Massen umfasst, welche Massen die Fähigkeit besitzen, sich bei einer durch einen Schießvorgang bedingten, positiven oder negativen Beschleunigung, zu bewegen, wobei die Bewegung das Aufreißen einer Membrane oder mehrerer Membranen (3, 4) hervorruft, die zwei oder mehrere Kammern (5, 6) im inneren Raum des spitzbogigen, hohlen Körpers (1) des Geschosses von einander trennen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kammern (5, 6) jeweils mindestens eine Flüssigkeit mit chemolumineszenter Potentialität enthalten, wobei die Flüssigkeiten Licht emittieren, wenn sie sich miteinander vermischen, und dass das Geschoss vorne einen Kanal aufweist, der die Verbindung zwischen dem inneren Raum des Geschosses und der äußeren Umgebung gewährleistet, wobei der Kanal den Auswurf der leuchtenden Flüssigkeit ermöglicht.
  2. Nicht tödliches ballistisches Geschoss nach dem Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine oder mehrere der inertialen Massen jeweils in Form eines Kolbens (2) im Inneren des hohlen Hauptkörpers (1) angeordnet ist bzw. sind und die Fähigkeit besitzt bzw. besitzen, bei der Inbewegungsetzung den Auswurf der Licht emittierenden, flüssigen Mischung durch eine Öffnung oder durch mehrere Öffnungen (23), die in den Wandungen des Geschosses vorgesehen ist bzw. sind, zu bewirken.
  3. Nicht tödliches ballistisches Geschoss nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die aufzureißende Membrane oder die aufzureißenden Membranen (3, 4) außer einer physischen Trennung der chemischen Flüssigkeiten vor derer Vermischung, eine Sperre gegen eine Diffusion von jeglichen Bestandteilen der besagten Flüssigkeiten bilden, wobei die besagte Diffusion derart sein könnte, dass sie der Erhaltung derer unversehrten Eigenschaften während der Lagerungszeit abträglich wäre.
  4. Nicht tödliches ballistisches Geschoss nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Membrane oder Membranen durch eine dünne Folie aus Aluminium gebildet ist bzw. sind.
  5. Nicht tödliches ballistisches Geschoss nach dem Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Folie aus Aluminium auf mindestens einer ihrer Seiten mit einem warmschweißbaren Polymerlack versehen ist, wobei die besagte Aluminiumfolie umfangseitig durch eine plötzlich stattfindende Wärmezufuhr mit dem Körper des Geschosses oder einem eventuell vorhandenen Zwischenstück warmverschweißt wurde, um die Kammer oder die Kammern zu bilden.
  6. Nicht tödliches ballistisches Geschoss nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der warmschweißbare Polymerlack neutral ist, keinen chemischen Einfluss auf die Zusammensetzung oder die Haltbarkeit der Flüssigkeiten mit chemolumineszenter Potentialität ausübt, mit denen er in Kontakt ist, und selbst durch die Lösemittel der besagten Flüssigkeiten nicht aufgelöst wird.
  7. Nicht tödliches ballistisches Geschoss nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es vorne mit einem Pfropfen (2) in Form eines Zylinders versehen ist, der im Inneren des Hauptkörpers verschiebbar ist, wobei er vorne aus diesem herausragt, so dass er die erste Fläche bildet, die bei dem Aufschlag die Zielfläche als erste trifft, wobei der Zylinder umfangseitig mit länglichen hohlen Rillen (21) versehen ist, die das Austreten der leuchtenden Mischung unter Druck ermöglichen, wobei die hohlen Rillen Kanäle Bilden, die einen Querschnitt aufweisen, der klein genug ist, um ein in etwa gleichmäßiges Auswurf der zu mischenden Flüssigkeiten zu gewährleisten.
  8. Nicht tödliches ballistisches Geschoss nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der den Auswurf der leuchtenden Flüssigkeit ermöglichende Kanal mit einem Pfropfen versehen ist, der dazu bestimmt ist, sich bei dem Aufschlag loszulösen.
  9. Nicht tödliches ballistisches Geschoss nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, das außerdem in einer Kammer oder in mehreren Kammern mit Zusammensetzungen (14) ausgestattet ist, die mit einer Gasemission reagieren können, wenn sie, infolge des Aufreißens einer Membrane oder mehrerer Membranen, die die Kammern voneinander trennen, miteinander vermischt werden.
  10. Nicht tödliches ballistisches Geschoss nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Material, das den Hauptkörper oder das Material, das den Pfropfen bildet oder beide Materialien ein Elastomerpolymer ist bzw. sind.
  11. Nicht tödliches ballistisches Geschoss nach dem Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in dem Vorderteil des spitzbogigen Körpers, die Wandungen akkordeonartige Falten (12) aufweisen, die deren Zerdrücken auf einer Zielfläche unter Volumenreduzierung erleichtern.
  12. Nicht tödliches ballistisches Geschoss nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die inertiale Masse oder die inertialen Massen auf ihrer einer Membrane gegenüberstehenden Seite mit einer spitzen oder pyramidenförmigen Aufreißstruktur (7) versehen ist bzw. sind.
EP08701601A 2007-02-08 2008-02-08 Nicht tödliches ballistisches geschoss mit leuchtmarkierung des aufschlagbereichs Not-in-force EP2115383B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE200700051 2007-02-08
PCT/EP2008/050599 WO2008107215A1 (fr) 2007-02-08 2008-02-08 Projectile balistique non-léthal à marquage lumineux de la zone d'impact

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2115383A1 EP2115383A1 (de) 2009-11-11
EP2115383B1 true EP2115383B1 (de) 2012-06-06

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EP08701601A Not-in-force EP2115383B1 (de) 2007-02-08 2008-02-08 Nicht tödliches ballistisches geschoss mit leuchtmarkierung des aufschlagbereichs

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Country Link
US (1) US20100175577A1 (de)
EP (1) EP2115383B1 (de)
ES (1) ES2390520T3 (de)
WO (1) WO2008107215A1 (de)

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US20100282118A1 (en) * 2007-02-08 2010-11-11 Jacques Ladyjensky Chemiluminescent impact activated projectile
US8001903B1 (en) * 2007-09-05 2011-08-23 Quintana Mauricio F Liquid mist tracer for shotgun ammunition
US8443732B2 (en) * 2009-06-26 2013-05-21 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh High angle of attack multi spectral marking projectile/bomb
US8584590B2 (en) * 2009-07-27 2013-11-19 Cyalume Technologies, Inc. Combined thermal and chemiluminescent reaction system
US8286557B2 (en) * 2009-08-03 2012-10-16 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Projectiles for marking targets, methods of manufacturing the same, and methods of utilizing the same
CA2769405C (en) 2009-08-11 2017-02-28 Kevin Michael Sullivan Projectile with a multi-spectral marking plume
SG179302A1 (en) * 2010-09-16 2012-04-27 Advanced Material Engineering Pte Ltd Projectile with strike point marking
EP2616757B1 (de) 2010-09-17 2018-08-22 Amtec Corporation Pyrophor-projektil
US8584591B2 (en) * 2010-10-24 2013-11-19 Cyalume Technologies, Inc. Combined thermal and chemiluminescent reaction system
US9429405B1 (en) * 2015-04-27 2016-08-30 Alfiero Balzano Less lethal ammunition

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US2409380A (en) * 1925-03-21 1946-10-15 Nasa Spotting projectiles
US3037454A (en) * 1961-04-19 1962-06-05 Wendell M Young Livestock marking bullet
US3774022A (en) * 1965-06-30 1973-11-20 Trw Inc Packaged chemiluminescent material
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DE19925404C2 (de) * 1999-06-02 2003-09-18 Nico Pyrotechnik Übungsmunition
WO2001066994A1 (fr) * 2000-03-10 2001-09-13 Continental Structures Sprl Element d'eclairage chimiluminescent
US6497181B1 (en) * 2001-12-04 2002-12-24 The Government Of The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Flameless tracer ammunition
GB2389167A (en) * 2002-05-30 2003-12-03 Lambeth Properties Ltd Marker projectile
US6990905B1 (en) * 2003-06-30 2006-01-31 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Marker projectile
DE102004017466A1 (de) * 2004-04-08 2005-11-03 Nico-Pyrotechnik Hanns-Jürgen Diederichs GmbH & Co. KG Geschoss mit Markierung des Auftreffpunktes
US20100282118A1 (en) * 2007-02-08 2010-11-11 Jacques Ladyjensky Chemiluminescent impact activated projectile

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WO2008107215A1 (fr) 2008-09-12
EP2115383A1 (de) 2009-11-11
US20100175577A1 (en) 2010-07-15
ES2390520T3 (es) 2012-11-13

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