EP0946853B1 - Geschoss mit kontrollierter verformung - Google Patents
Geschoss mit kontrollierter verformung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0946853B1 EP0946853B1 EP98943964A EP98943964A EP0946853B1 EP 0946853 B1 EP0946853 B1 EP 0946853B1 EP 98943964 A EP98943964 A EP 98943964A EP 98943964 A EP98943964 A EP 98943964A EP 0946853 B1 EP0946853 B1 EP 0946853B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- projectile
- product
- impact
- projectile according
- jacket
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
- F42B12/72—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material
- F42B12/74—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the core or solid body
- F42B12/745—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the core or solid body the core being made of plastics; Compounds or blends of plastics and other materials, e.g. fillers
Definitions
- the subject of the present invention is a projectile with controlled deformation intended in particular, but not exclusively for neutralization at short distance individuals or animals in day-to-day operations maintaining order without causing irreversible damage.
- targets are sought, dispersion of a liquid or a powder on a targeted individual or soft shock effect.
- Fragmentation is ruled out because not only do we move away of a soft shock but we can also create lesions severe localized.
- the projectile must exhibits very high deformability and elasticity minimized on the axis of impact to avoid any rebound.
- the object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of conventional ammunition by obtaining a significant amount of movement at higher speeds low, which optimizes the impact surface taking into account very high deformability linked to almost elasticity zero in the axis of fire and therefore allows to remain very reproducible regardless of the place (hard or soft) affected by the target in terms of energy deposited per unit area, and therefore easier to adapt so as not to provoke irreversible damage.
- the projectile with very high deformability at the impact intended for neutralization by shock effect is characterized in that it comprises at least one envelope flexible, elastic and extensible filled with at least one solid Split.
- This divided solid can be a powder or a product. with small particle size.
- the envelope is, according to the invention, fine or very fine and, for example with a thickness of less than 0.5 millimeter and is chosen so as not to impose a form on the projectile, but to keep its coherence.
- the projectile is thus amorphous, that is to say that it has no shape clean and minimal or even zero shape memory. then a sudden impact or stop on the target aimed at the projectile crashes along the axis of the shot and deforms radially (case impact with normal incidence on a flat surface).
- the product grains are compressed in the axis of firing at almost zero speed (relative to the surface target).
- the radial deformation produced by this stake pressure causes instantaneous radial expansion of the elastic envelope and provides a distribution homogeneous energy transferred to the target.
- the result obtained depends, of course, on the diameter of the envelope and the granular mass introduced.
- the deformable projectile intended to neutralize by shock effect can be launched by a firearm, pneumatic or mechanical, and may be or not filled in, propelled by powder, gas or spring.
- the present invention aims to distribute the force of the impact on an enlarged surface so as not to create too much trauma. By proximity and within examples given below, we will hear a distance of zero 50 meters.
- the product used to fill the flexible envelope is characterized by a particle size ranging from less than 1 micron to 100 microns, depending on the coefficient of friction surface area of the product used, whatever its origin, and keeps sufficient cohesion when passing through the launch tube and during the flight to prevent any undesirable deformation.
- a particle size ranging from less than 1 micron to 100 microns, depending on the coefficient of friction surface area of the product used, whatever its origin, and keeps sufficient cohesion when passing through the launch tube and during the flight to prevent any undesirable deformation.
- it can be non-limiting way of a product or a set of powder products with a particle size of the order of a micron, or hollow or non-glass, PVC or Teflon beads (PTFE) having diameters up to 100 microns, or any combination of these types of products.
- PTFE Teflon beads
- the invention overcomes the disadvantages of prior art projectiles.
- the fluidity of the projectile depends on the nature and the granulometry of the solid divided controllable parameters during the manufacturing; The effect obtained results from bodies which are neither liquids or aqueous gels which avoids the effects disruptors.
- the projectiles are stable at all operating temperatures. At the start of the shooting, the projectile being amorphous, it is enough to pack it in the socket and protect it from heat. A simple skirt separates very easily from the projectile to the exit of the tube.
- the projectile is amorphous i.e. it has no shape defined outside the socket or shape memory. he therefore does not have an energy distribution in the axis of shot at impact and it only deforms in function of impact and not according to its own form.
- the projectile has a density close to that of the human body which ensures a transfer optimal energy by minimizing the risk of penetration at the impact.
- the projectile settles and takes the shape of the socket occupying all the available volume and retains an approximately cylindrical shape when flight which avoids unbalance and allows good accuracy shooting.
- Weights vary according to diameters, speeds and origins of the product. For example, based on the tests: 1 kg of powdery product, such as food flour No. 45, product taken as an example, with a particle size of approximately 1 / 1000th of a millimeter allows 20 projectiles to be produced 40 mm., The actual diameter of which is 45 mm. and weight of 50 grams when closing the envelopes. These projectiles undergo a slight deformation to allow their introduction into the tube or case (cartridge) and after the starting acceleration, resume their natural form in contracting (going from an ovoid shape to a shape spherical).
- the inertia of the filling product distorts the envelope, little granular product remains in the center and the majority of the product is ejected at the periphery of the envelope.
- the distortion that would affect accuracy does not may occur during firing, the projectile being molded and held by the firing tube once the material of filling in place, forcing slightly compared to nominal diameter of said tube (forced ovoid shape, becoming again more or less spherical after its exit from the tube).
- the resistance and the empty diameter of the envelope (s) are a function of the mass of the filling product (s), speed and caliber chosen.
- the mass of the filling products is a function of speed and chosen caliber.
- the diameter of the empty projectile must be approximately 30 mm.
- the diameter of 40 to 45 mm. is obtained after introduction and compaction of 50 grams of filling product.
- the final diameter of the projectile is obtained by compaction and it it is possible to vary the weights in the same caliber, in a range of + or - 25%, regardless of the size. Of the compaction pressure depends on the instant surface obtained on impact (all other things being equal).
- the projectile is included in a case or cartridge 13 which contains below the projectile a wad 10, a propellant charge 11 and a primer 12.
- a wad 10 a wad 10
- a propellant charge 11 a propellant charge 11
- primer 12 a primer 12
- any other means of propulsion can be used.
- zone A which corresponds to the contact zone primary, sees its power decrease without increase of penetration by escape of the filling product in zone B, thus spreading the impact over a large area.
- Zone C ( Figure 5) shows the spread of the primary impact which becomes maximum. This end result is due to the interaction between the elasticity of the envelope or envelopes (1 and / or 2) and the mass of the product 3.
- this material 4 retained is homogeneous, highly deformable, elastic and can undergo significant lengthening.
- this material 4 of higher density that the compacted material 3 described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5, is placed in a preferred version of the invention, at bottom of envelope 1, so as to be at the front of the projectile during firing, with a thickness corresponding to approximately in volume at the sinking observed in zone C (figure 5).
- This material 4 can for example be deposited depending on the shape of a disc or a spherical sector.
- zone B is created bypassing the zone A occupied by the homogeneous matter.
- the material 4 used being absorbent with respect to screw shock waves, the wave reflected on the target is attenuated and the amount of material remaining in the axis of the zone C is reduced. The impact is thus better distributed and the observed depression is reduced.
- the filling product 3 may be inert or include a coloring component disappearing after a few days allowing a rapid identification of an individual. More generally the product 3 can include one or more active products allowing subsequent identification of the target, such as dye (in the visible spectrum or not) or an odorous product (detected by example using sensors or specially animals trained)
- the projectile according to the invention can be projected at speeds of at least 150 meters / second, (which prohibits its direct use against a person). It is then able to pierce a window or a classic door. The envelope tears and bursts at the moment shock, instantly releasing its contents under a huge volume (cloud) of product particles, given its mass.
- the projectile could then contain for example, so preferential, a chemical neutralization product in OC type powder (oleoresin capsicum) or its derivatives, Capsaicin, CN (2-chloroacetophenone) or CS (O-chlorobenzylidènemalononitrile) or CR (dibenzoxazepine).
- This projectile fired from a distance therefore allows neutralization mass without fire risks linked to smoke devices classics in a closed room.
- the active product is propelled forward by its own inertia by its speed, exceeding the limits elasticity of the envelope (s).
- the projectile crosses and bursts on passing the obstacle, reducing notable the risks of direct impact on an individual located the other side of the obstacle.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Toys (AREA)
Claims (10)
- Geschoss mit sehr hoher Verformbarkeit beim Aufprall bestimmt zur Herbeiführung von Kampfunfähigkeit durch Stoßwirkung von Personen oder Tieren, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es mindestens eine weiche, elastische und dehnbare Hülle (1, 2) aufweist, die mindestens mit einem zerkleinerten Feststoff (3) gefüllt ist, das bei einem Stoß oder Aufprall auf das gewählte Ziel sich in Bezug auf die Schussachse radial verformt.
- Geschoss nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Produkt (3) aus einem oder mehreren in Körner oder Kugeln zerkleinerten Feststoffen gebildet ist, deren Granulometrie unter 100 Mikrometern liegt.
- Geschoss nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Produkt (3) aus einem oder mehreren Pulverprodukten mit einer Granulometrie im Mikrometerbereich gebildet und in die Hülle (1) gepresst ist, deren Dicke unter 0,5 Millimetern liegt.
- Geschoss nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Produkt (3) aus Kugeln gebildet ist, die hohl sind oder nicht, aus Produkten mit geringem Oberflächenreibungskoeffizienten, wie Kugeln aus Glas, Teflon oder PVC, mit einem Durchmesser unter 100 Mikrometern, die in die Hülle (1) gepresst sind, deren Dicke unter 0,5 Millimetern liegt.
- Geschoss nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Produkt (4) aus einem homogenen, in hohem Maß verformbaren, elastischen und zu erheblichen Dehnungen fähigem Material im Inneren der Hülle (1, 2) in Form einer Scheibe oder eines Kreissektors angeordnet ist, welche sich beim Schuss vorn im Geschoss befindet.
- Geschoss nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Widerstand und der Durchmesser der Hülle (1, 2) zur Masse des Produkts (3) proportional sind.
- Geschoss nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass seine Energie im Augenblick des Aufpralls bei einer Geschwindigkeit unter 60 Metern/Sekunde unter 90 Joules liegt.
- Geschoss nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die eine oder mehreren Hülle(n) (1, 2) bei einem Aufprall von mehr als 150 m/s platzen oder zerreißen.
- Geschoss nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es ein kampfunfähig machendes chemisches Produkt in Pulverform enthält.
- Geschoss nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es mindestens einen Farbstoff und/oder mindestens einen Geruchsstoff enthält.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9711361 | 1997-09-12 | ||
FR9711361A FR2768504B3 (fr) | 1997-09-12 | 1997-09-12 | Projectile a deformation controlee |
PCT/FR1998/001945 WO1999014551A1 (fr) | 1997-09-12 | 1998-09-11 | Projectile a deformation controlee |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0946853A1 EP0946853A1 (de) | 1999-10-06 |
EP0946853B1 true EP0946853B1 (de) | 2003-04-02 |
Family
ID=9511016
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98943964A Expired - Lifetime EP0946853B1 (de) | 1997-09-12 | 1998-09-11 | Geschoss mit kontrollierter verformung |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6302028B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP0946853B1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE69812883T2 (de) |
FR (1) | FR2768504B3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1999014551A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (34)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6393992B1 (en) * | 1996-11-18 | 2002-05-28 | Jaycor Tactical Systems, Inc. | Non-lethal projectile for delivering an inhibiting substance to a living target |
US20030047105A1 (en) * | 1996-11-18 | 2003-03-13 | Jaycor Tactical Systems, Inc. | Non-lethal projectile systems |
US7194960B2 (en) | 1996-11-18 | 2007-03-27 | Pepperball Technologies, Inc. | Non-lethal projectiles for delivering an inhibiting substance to a living target |
US6543365B1 (en) * | 1996-11-18 | 2003-04-08 | Jaycor Tactical Systems, Inc. | Non-lethal projectile systems |
US20050188886A1 (en) * | 1996-11-18 | 2005-09-01 | Pepperball Technologies, Inc. | Non-lethal projectile systems |
GB2343240A (en) * | 1998-10-26 | 2000-05-03 | Michael Ernest Saxby | Projectiles |
US6820560B1 (en) * | 1999-09-30 | 2004-11-23 | Juha Romppanen | Non-killing cartridge |
US6374742B1 (en) * | 1999-11-05 | 2002-04-23 | Michael Brunn | Method of preparing a low lethality projectile for flight in 37mm and 40mm weapon shells |
US6202562B1 (en) * | 1999-11-05 | 2001-03-20 | Michael Brunn | Method of preparing a low lethality projectile for flight |
US7526998B2 (en) | 2003-02-10 | 2009-05-05 | Pepperball Technologies, Inc. | Stabilized non-lethal projectile systems |
US7063021B2 (en) * | 2003-12-29 | 2006-06-20 | Neil Keegstra | Expanded volume less lethal ball type projectile |
US7278358B2 (en) * | 2004-01-22 | 2007-10-09 | Pdt Tech, Llc. | Non-lethal marking bullet for related training cartridges |
US7225741B2 (en) | 2004-01-22 | 2007-06-05 | Pdt Tech, Llc | Reduced energy training cartridge for self-loading firearms |
US7444938B2 (en) * | 2004-11-01 | 2008-11-04 | Kee Action Sports I Llc | Paintball grenade |
US20090223405A1 (en) * | 2004-11-01 | 2009-09-10 | Kee Action Sports I Llc | Paintball grenade |
IL172356A0 (en) * | 2005-12-05 | 2007-07-04 | Yehuda Meller | Non-lethal projectile |
US7743709B2 (en) | 2006-10-28 | 2010-06-29 | Integrity Ballistics, Llc | Sabot for elastomeric projectile |
US20080178728A1 (en) * | 2007-01-25 | 2008-07-31 | Kapeles John A | Frangible non-lethal projectile |
US7930977B2 (en) * | 2007-02-26 | 2011-04-26 | Klein John M | Non-lethal projectile ammunition |
US8020492B1 (en) * | 2007-08-03 | 2011-09-20 | Safariland, Llc | Low lethality impact payload delivery sub-munitions and methods of manufacture |
WO2009039221A2 (en) | 2007-09-18 | 2009-03-26 | Pepperball Technologies, Inc. | Systems, methods and apparatus for use in distributing irritant powder |
US20090217837A1 (en) * | 2008-02-28 | 2009-09-03 | In Cheol Hwang | Shot ball for pneumatic gun |
EP2279389B1 (de) * | 2008-05-07 | 2015-07-15 | Cyrille Raquin | Kinetische munition bzw. geschoss mit kontrollierter oder nicht tödlicher wirkung |
DE102008038258B8 (de) * | 2008-08-11 | 2010-06-10 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Projektil |
FR2936044A1 (fr) * | 2008-09-15 | 2010-03-19 | Samir Bakhta | Mecanisme pneumatique pour arme-jouet, lancant des billes de peinture ou de plastique de faible poids, actionne par une munition pyrotechnique specifique |
GB0817855D0 (en) * | 2008-10-01 | 2008-11-05 | Rolls Royce Plc | Artificial bird projectiles for simulating bird strike events |
US20110048268A1 (en) * | 2009-09-02 | 2011-03-03 | Crisis Management Institute | Practice munitions |
US8701325B1 (en) | 2012-10-22 | 2014-04-22 | William V. S. Rayner | Duplex weapon system |
US10526238B2 (en) | 2014-08-05 | 2020-01-07 | 1824930 Alberta Ltd. | Dissolvable objects |
LU92734B1 (fr) | 2015-06-05 | 2016-12-06 | Securinov Sa | Projectile cinétique à haute déformation élastique |
RU2586997C1 (ru) * | 2015-06-11 | 2016-06-10 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Фортуна" | Травматический патрон |
US10094645B2 (en) | 2016-02-10 | 2018-10-09 | Genics Inc. | Dissolvable projectiles |
CN106323581A (zh) * | 2016-10-24 | 2017-01-11 | 南京航空航天大学 | 一种骨架增强保型明胶鸟弹及其制备方法 |
US11287230B1 (en) | 2021-08-04 | 2022-03-29 | Rama Technologies, LLC | Less-than-lethal kinetic impact round |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4430941A (en) * | 1968-05-27 | 1984-02-14 | Fmc Corporation | Projectile with supported missiles |
US3865038A (en) * | 1973-07-13 | 1975-02-11 | Irwin R Barr | Deterrent ammunition projectile |
US3952662A (en) * | 1974-05-29 | 1976-04-27 | Greenlees William D | Non-lethal projectile for riot control |
US4686905A (en) * | 1985-07-26 | 1987-08-18 | Attila Szabo | Cartridge for frangible projectile |
US4656092A (en) * | 1985-10-15 | 1987-04-07 | R. P. Scherer Corporation | Target shooting capsules |
FR2691244B1 (fr) * | 1992-05-15 | 1994-07-08 | Pierre Richert | Arme a feu a canon doubles superposes basculants gros calibre avec option 3eme canon raye. |
CA2164293C (en) * | 1993-06-01 | 2005-08-23 | Steven Craig Buzick | Precision shooting aerodynamic non-spherical safety-oriented projectile |
GB9313310D0 (en) | 1993-06-28 | 1993-08-11 | Saxby Michael E | A baton projectile |
US5450795A (en) * | 1993-08-19 | 1995-09-19 | Adelman Associates | Projectile for small firearms |
BE1008136A6 (fr) | 1994-03-01 | 1996-01-30 | Edb Sa | Projectile non polluant pour arme a feu. |
FR2718229B1 (fr) * | 1994-03-31 | 1996-06-21 | Ruggieri | Projectile, notamment balle non létale . |
-
1997
- 1997-09-12 FR FR9711361A patent/FR2768504B3/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1998
- 1998-09-11 EP EP98943964A patent/EP0946853B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-09-11 US US09/297,930 patent/US6302028B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-09-11 WO PCT/FR1998/001945 patent/WO1999014551A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1998-09-11 DE DE69812883T patent/DE69812883T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6302028B1 (en) | 2001-10-16 |
DE69812883D1 (de) | 2003-05-08 |
DE69812883T2 (de) | 2004-03-11 |
WO1999014551A1 (fr) | 1999-03-25 |
FR2768504A1 (fr) | 1999-03-19 |
FR2768504B3 (fr) | 1999-11-26 |
EP0946853A1 (de) | 1999-10-06 |
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