EP2115383B1 - Non-lethal ballistic projectile with luminous marking of the impact area - Google Patents

Non-lethal ballistic projectile with luminous marking of the impact area Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2115383B1
EP2115383B1 EP08701601A EP08701601A EP2115383B1 EP 2115383 B1 EP2115383 B1 EP 2115383B1 EP 08701601 A EP08701601 A EP 08701601A EP 08701601 A EP08701601 A EP 08701601A EP 2115383 B1 EP2115383 B1 EP 2115383B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
liquids
liquid
chambers
projectile according
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EP08701601A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2115383A1 (en
Inventor
Jacques Ladyjensky
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Cyalume Technologies Inc
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Cyalume Technologies Inc
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/40—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information of target-marking, i.e. impact-indicating type

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a projectile with luminous marking of the impact zone.
  • This type of projectile advantageously makes it possible to locate remotely and easily, the points or areas of impact of fired projectiles, including those of small caliber, in order, among other things, to progressively improve the accuracy of the firing and to allow the training of the users.
  • This type of projectile can be used for example in a military setting or by law enforcement.
  • the projectile is for training and is non-lethal.
  • EP-A-1043562 discloses a non-lethal projectile according to the preamble of claim 1, adapted to the control of demonstrators by the police, comprising an inertial mass capable of causing the disemboweling of a membrane delimiting a chamber comprising an inhibiting agent or a marker agent.
  • the article of the present invention and its method of use utilize the well known property of certain chemical liquids to provide chemiluminescent emission when mixed.
  • the use here envisages it in dark atmosphere or mentally nocturnal.
  • the invention proposes in particular to overcome these disadvantages.
  • the invention is based on the effect of the rupture of one or more membranes, separating chambers comprising products with chemiluminescent potentiality, during firing or impact of a projectile.
  • the membrane or membranes are for example torn by the deformation of the projectile and / or the displacement of an internal inertial mass or integrated into the projectile, at the time of firing and / or impact.
  • the invention is based on the movement inside the main body of the projectile, an inertial mass, which, under the effect of acceleration or deceleration due to shooting, comes to disembowel one or more membranes separating two or more chambers, each of which contains one or more components, including a liquid with chemiluminescent potentiality. Mixing liquids with chemiluminescent potential between them causes the emission of light. Once illuminated, according to the type of projectile, the mixture may remain confined inside the main body, whose walls must then be translucent, or be expelled in whole or in part to the outside, so as to make the target more visible, even if it is mobile.
  • the chambers which contain liquid with chemiluminescent potentiality are separated by a membrane, attached along its periphery to the main body of the projectile, membrane intended to be disemboweled by the movement of the inertial mass.
  • This membrane is preferably made of an aluminum foil coated with a polymeric varnish.
  • European patent EP 1421314 B1 and its counterpart in the United States US 2003/0223219 A1 which describe a flexible pouch for use of illuminating element, consisting of two membranes similar to the one just mentioned, sealed together on their periphery, forming a chamber that the user disconnects by means of a ball or other grain hard. According to the present invention there is no intervention of a user.
  • the purpose of the membrane pouch is not and can not be in any way to equip a projectile, even large caliber, and a fortiori medium or small caliber.
  • a pouch being formed of two membranes sealed together according to the peripheral part of their surface, there would be almost nothing as a volume available inside if we were to consider a pouch that would be only a few millimeters in size.
  • the projectile according to the invention is provided with orifices through which the lit liquid can eject, either because of the pressure due to the movement of the inertial mass (piston effect) or by a chemical reaction generating gas obtained by the mixture of two components at the time of the herniation.
  • the invention therefore proposes a projectile with a luminous marking of the impact zone, consisting of a hollow cylindrical body, in which one or more inertial masses can be moved in motion by the acceleration, positive or negative, implied by the firing process, a movement that causes the disruption of one or more membranes separating two or more chambers within the hollow ogival body, each of which contains a fluid with chemiluminescent potentiality, which liquids, when mixed, emit light, the projectile comprising, at the front, a conduit providing communication between the interior of the projectile and the external environment, conduit for the expulsion of the illuminated liquid.
  • the one or more inertial masses during the setting in motion acts or acts as a piston inside the hollow main body, causing the expulsion outwards, through orifices provided in the walls of the projectile, the liquid mixture emitting light.
  • the membrane or membranes to be disemboweled constitute, besides a physical separation of the chemical liquids before their mixing, a barrier against the diffusion of any constituent element of these liquids, diffusion being able to be harmful to the conservation of the integrity of their properties during the storage period.
  • the membrane or membranes consist, for example, of an aluminum foil lacquered on at least one of its faces with a heat-sealable polymeric varnish intended to adhere, via an instant heat supply, to the body of the projectile, or intermediate piece ad hoc, so as to form the required room (s).
  • the heat-sealable polymeric varnish is preferably neutral without any chemical influence on the composition or preservation of chemiluminescent potential liquids with which it is in contact, and is itself undissolved by the solvents of said liquids, for example a product of the Morprime type. (TM) Morton, division of Rohm & Haas (USA).
  • the projectile according to the invention may furthermore be provided at the front with a plug having the shape of a cylinder which can slide inside the main body, while projecting out of the latter at the front, of to be the first surface that will meet the target at impact, cylinder provided with hollow longitudinal grooves on its peripheral surface, which allow the exit of the luminous mixture under pressure, the hollow grooves constituting channels of small enough section to ensure a light rolling of the liquid whose mixture is desired.
  • a conduit providing communication between the inside of the projectile and the external medium is provided, which conduit allows the expulsion of the illuminated liquid, and which can be provided with a plug intended to disengage at the time of impact. the arrival.
  • the projectile may be provided in addition to the aforementioned liquids, in one or more of its chambers, compounds likely to have a gas-emitting reaction, when they are mixed together as a result of one or more membranes separating the chambers.
  • the constituent material of the main body of the projectile and / or that of the stopper may advantageously be an elastomeric polymer.
  • the walls of the latter have folds, accordion way, such as to facilitate crushing against a target, with volume reduction.
  • inertial masses may be provided, on the side where it faces a membrane, a ruptured tip or pyramid structure.
  • the projectile comprises a body 1 whose hollow interior is of cylindrical shape.
  • a plug 2 which protrudes from the body 1 towards the front, while remaining inserted along a certain length, according to which will be guiding said cap when it, under the effect of the impact on arrival, will move inside the body 1 to take the position illustrated by the Fig. 1B .
  • the tightening of the plug 2 in the body 1 must be strong enough to prevent loosening under the effect of the violent acceleration at the start of the projectile, but weak enough to allow the slip mentioned above.
  • a pyramid-shaped piece 7 consisting essentially of 3 or 4 knives intended to disembowel the membranes 3 and 4 and thus cause the mixing and the activation of the two liquids with chemiluminescent potentiality which were respectively located in the space 5 between the membranes 3 and 4 and in the space 6 between the space 4 and the bottom of the hollow part of the projectile.
  • the cap 2 may advantageously be of flexible material, while the pyramid with cutting sides 7 is hard and relatively dense material. This piece can or not be attached to the cap 2. If it is not, it can be expected that it will move backwards, already under the effect of the acceleration due to firing, and in this case, it will disembowel the membranes 3 and 4 causing the illumination already in course of trajectory.
  • the cap 2 is provided on its cylindrical periphery with grooves or grooves 21, which provide hollow conduits for the ejection of the activated liquid towards the front of the projectile, where it is supposed to flood the target.
  • a set of fins or empennage there is shown in 10 a set of fins or empennage, the presence of which is optional, which could be indicated if it is desired to improve the behavior of the projectile during its ballistic journey.
  • the rear part 8 of the projectile can be inserted in a cartridge or socket, in the conventional manner for normal bullets.
  • grains of chemical product that can have a gas-emitting action if they are brought to be put into operation.
  • a suitable reagent may for example be hydrogen peroxide, the presence of which is usual in one of the liquid components with chemiluminescent potential.
  • gas emitting reagents would serve to increase the internal pressure and facilitate the expulsion of the liquid light content.
  • the Fig. 2 represents a completely similar execution, but here the grooves or grooves 21 do not extend over the entire length of the cap 1.
  • the rear thereof has a smooth periphery ensuring a better seal.
  • the body 1 has a narrowing in diameter, also promoting this seal.
  • the pyramid 7 with knives is shown in the execution detached from the cap 2.
  • the arrangement of the chambers 5 and 6 containing the chemiluminescent liquids has been simplified.
  • a skirt optional element capable of increasing the stability in trajectory.
  • the body 1 is preferably made of elastomeric polymeric material, here for three reasons. In the first place, this execution will facilitate the crash against the target of the entire front part of the projectile, with a serious decrease of the internal volume, therefore beneficial increase of the pressure determining the ejection of liquid. Note in this finality the existence of a fold 12, accordion way, in the drawing of the hollow ogival body 1. Then, an elastomeric execution can also be justified by the concern to make the ball more harmless in the case where a no one is on his trajectory.
  • an elastomer embodiment allows the play of a plug 11 of frustoconical shape, in harder material, housed in the front of the body 1, - this housing having heard the frustoconical shape also, to seal before impact.
  • This cap is provided with a mushroom 13, the presence of which, if the projectile encounters a target oblique to the trajectory, will facilitate the slight movement that is required of the cap to disengage.
  • the eventration of the membrane 3 is caused by the inertial movement of the mass 2 as soon as the projectile leaves, and this inertial mass 2, in the embodiment considered here, is not connected to the plug 11 and acts independently of the clearance of the latter.
  • the liquids with chemiluminescent potentiality have been arranged respectively in the chambers 5 and 6.
  • the first one is formed of the space which is in front of the membrane 3 and the second, behind this membrane 3.
  • the chamber 5 is located between two membranes, as in the Fig. 1 .
  • the considerations set out above in the case of the Fig. 1 concerning the possible existence of a tail, and grains of chemicals of action emitting gas remain applicable.
  • the Fig. 4 relates to a simpler execution than the previous, which is not part of the invention, where it does not intervene ejection of light liquid out of the ogival body.
  • the latter is then executed in transparent or translucent material.
  • the inertial mass 2 is supposed to move backwards as soon as it is fired and cause activation. The features described above remain applicable.
  • the target will not be sprayed with bright liquid, but if the bright ball remains visible on or beside the target, the desired goal could be considered achieved if the circumstances lend themselves to it.
  • the Fig. 5 to 9 represent details of possible executions for the junctions between membranes and ogival body.
  • the membranes are very thin aluminum foils coated with a heat-sealable varnish.
  • the membranes are thus thermally welded to the main body, according to their periphery, on shoulders provided for this purpose.
  • To the Fig. 6 they are on a cylindrical shoulder element, which is introduced into the interior of the main body later, which can facilitate operations, especially if one takes into account that precision filling is necessary with the liquids, before welding.
  • To the Fig. 7 two cylindrical elements are shown one behind the other, and four membranes, 4 and 4 'of which are side by side.
  • the main body 1 of elastomer in the case of the embodiment of the main body 1 of elastomer, there is shown a possibility of using, for the assembly between cylindrical element and ogival body, an embodiment making use of sealing lips, molded with the rest of the ogival body, in order to save a welding operation.
  • the main body is, quite simply, executed in two parts, here numbered 1 and 26, which are welded to one another with the interposition of the varnished aluminum membrane 3 between the two.
  • the aluminum membrane has received the heat seal varnish on each of its two faces.
  • Fig. 10 represents an additional variant of a projectile according to the invention.
  • the projectile presents at the front, a hole 23 of small diameter, where will be ejected the luminous liquid.
  • the membrane 3 separates two chambers respectively provided with chemiluminescent potential liquids, and will be disemboweled as soon as firing, by the inertial movement of the knife pyramid 7.
  • the membrane 25 separates two chambers generating gas function, one containing one liquid and the other a suitable chemical reagent, here represented in the form of crystals 14. The herniation gives the gas generation as soon as firing, but the speed of this reaction can be assayed.
  • An intermediate membrane 4 exists whose presence separates the "light liquid” and “gas generation”functions; it will be disemboweled by the inertial action of the ring 24 having in its center a pointed “syringe needle", which will perforate a hole of modest size, ensuring the transmission of pressure between the back and the front.
  • a projectile according to the invention has been produced essentially in accordance with the Fig. 1 above.
  • the caliber of the main body 1 is 12.5 mm in diameter.
  • the total length reaches 43 mm.
  • the elastomeric stopper 2 is a cylinder 16 mm long and 10.5 mm in diameter, with a frustoconical front.
  • the body 1 is polypropylene homopolymer, to have a suitable mechanical strength.
  • the "knives" arranged in pyramid, which must ensure the penetration and disembowel membranes, are aluminum, density 2.5 or filled homopolymer polypropylene, density of the order of 1.8.
  • the end of the knives is very sharp.
  • the membranes are two in number.
  • first chamber with a volume of 0.12 cubic centimeters, in which there is one of the liquids with potentiality chemiluminescent.
  • the second chamber is located between the second membrane and the bottom of the hollow ogival body, and is filled with the second chemical liquid with chemiluminescent potentiality. Its volume is 0.35 cubic centimeter.
  • the membranes are an aluminum foil 0.30 mm thick, coated on their side to be welded with a 4 micron layer of hot melt varnish based on polypropylene.
  • the cap is provided along its entire cylindrical periphery, 8 longitudinal grooves each 1 mm deep and 2 mm wide, intended to let out the ejected liquid impact, consisting of the two components mixed during the eventration, or still blending. It can be considered that the passage of this mixture through these channels of relatively modest section causes some lamination which contributes to homogenization. After the impact, a good part of the liquid content is spread on the target, and in night atmosphere, is visible at great distance.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Illuminated Signs And Luminous Advertising (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Abstract

Projectile with luminous marking of the impact area, in particular a medium-calibre or small-calibre projectile, consisting of a hollow cylindrical body (1) in which an inertial mass (2) can move, said inertial mass being subjected to a movement by the positive or negative acceleration involved in the firing process, which movement causes the tearing of a diaphragm (3, 4) separating two chambers (5, 6), each containing a liquid with the potential of emitting light by chemiluminescence when they are mixed together. Upon impact, the light-emitting mixture is expelled to the outside through suitable orifices (21, 23) through the action of internal pressure possibly caused by the chemical generation of gas resulting from the chambers being brought into communication by effect of the diaphragm tearing.

Description

La présente invention concerne un projectile à marquage lumineux de la zone d'impact. Ce type de projectile permet avantageusement de repérer à distance et aisément, les points ou zones d'impact de projectiles tirés, y compris ceux de petit calibre, dans le but entre autres de perfectionner progressivement la précision du tir et de permettre l'entraînement des utilisateurs. Ce type de projectile peut être utilisé par exemple dans un cadre militaire ou par des forces de l'ordre. De préférence le projectile est destiné à l'entraînement et est non-léthal.
EP-A-1043562 divulgue un projectile non-léthal selon le préambule de la revendication 1, adapté au contrôle de manifestants par les forces de l'ordre, comprenant une masse inertielle apte à provoquer l'éventrement d'une membrane délimitant une chambre comportant un agent inhibiteur ou un agent marqueur.The present invention relates to a projectile with luminous marking of the impact zone. This type of projectile advantageously makes it possible to locate remotely and easily, the points or areas of impact of fired projectiles, including those of small caliber, in order, among other things, to progressively improve the accuracy of the firing and to allow the training of the users. This type of projectile can be used for example in a military setting or by law enforcement. Preferably the projectile is for training and is non-lethal.
EP-A-1043562 discloses a non-lethal projectile according to the preamble of claim 1, adapted to the control of demonstrators by the police, comprising an inertial mass capable of causing the disemboweling of a membrane delimiting a chamber comprising an inhibiting agent or a marker agent.

L'article selon la présente invention et son procédé d'utilisation utilisent la propriété bien connue qu'ont certains liquides chimiques de fournir une émission chimiluminescente lorsqu'ils sont mélangés. L'emploi ici, de ce fait, s'en envisage en atmosphère sombre ou franchement nocturne.The article of the present invention and its method of use utilize the well known property of certain chemical liquids to provide chemiluminescent emission when mixed. The use here, of this fact, envisages it in dark atmosphere or frankly nocturnal.

Des articles présentant la même finalité ont déjà été proposés. Ils comportent à l'intérieur d'un corps ogival, une ou plusieurs ampoules de verre contenant le ou les liquides en question. Il en est ainsi du brevet publié le 31 janvier 2006 sous le n° US 6990905 (inventeur Manole Leon R et al). Ce dispositif présente des inconvénients tels qu'il ne peut pas être utilisé en pratique, sauf pour de tout gros calibres de projectiles, tels que le 40 mm décrit dans le document de brevet en question. En effet, de telles ampoules contenant un liquide requièrent pour être fabriquées, la présence d'un espace d'air intérieur suffisamment volumineux pour permettre le scellage du verre, et donc ne peuvent pas être produites en très petites dimensions. Si des ampoules contenant simultanément un liquide, plus de l'air en quantité non-négligeable, étaient produites, les balisticiens comprendront que les mouvements de liquide interne, pendant la trajectoire d'un projectile, sont de nature à rendre celle-ci incontrôlable. Par ailleurs le bris du verre n'est pas un processus contrôlable : il se fait parfois de manière très incomplète, avec une bonne proportion de liquide demeurant dans l'ampoule et ne participant pas au mélange. D'autre part, le prix de revient est substantiel et un besoin subsiste donc pour des projectiles plus économiques.Articles with the same purpose have already been proposed. They comprise inside an ogival body, one or more glass ampoules containing the liquid or liquids in question. This is the case of the patent published on January 31, 2006 under the number US 6990905 (inventor Manole Leon R et al). This device has disadvantages such that it can not be used in practice, except for any large projectile sizes, such as the 40 mm described in the patent document in question. Indeed, such bulbs containing a liquid require to be manufactured, the presence of an indoor air space large enough to allow the glass to be sealed, and therefore can not be produced in very small dimensions. If bulbs containing a liquid at the same time, plus air in a non-negligible quantity, were produced, the ballists will understand that the movements of the internal liquid, during the trajectory of a projectile, are such as to make it uncontrollable. Moreover, glass breakage is not a controllable process: it is sometimes very incomplete, with a good proportion of liquid remaining in the bulb and not participating in the mixture. On the other hand, the cost price is substantial and a need therefore remains for more economical projectiles.

L'invention se propose notamment de surmonter ces inconvénients.The invention proposes in particular to overcome these disadvantages.

L'invention est basée sur l'effet de la rupture d'une ou plusieurs membranes, séparant des chambres comprenant des produits à potentialité chimiluminescente, lors du tir ou de l'impact d'un projectile. La ou les membranes sont par exemple déchirées par la déformation du projectile et/ou le déplacement d'une masse inertielle interne ou intégrée au projectile, au moment du tir et/ou de l'impact.The invention is based on the effect of the rupture of one or more membranes, separating chambers comprising products with chemiluminescent potentiality, during firing or impact of a projectile. The membrane or membranes are for example torn by the deformation of the projectile and / or the displacement of an internal inertial mass or integrated into the projectile, at the time of firing and / or impact.

Selon un mode de réalisation, l'invention est basée sur le mouvement à l'intérieur du corps principal du projectile, d'une masse inertielle, qui, sous l'effet de l'accélération ou de la décélération due au tir, vient éventrer une ou plusieurs membranes séparant deux ou plusieurs chambres, lesquelles contiennent chacune un ou plusieurs composants dont un liquide à potentialité chimiluminescente. Le mélange entre eux des liquides à potentialité chimiluminescente provoque l'émission de lumière. Une fois illuminé, selon le type de projectile, le mélange peut rester confiné à l'intérieur du corps principal, dont les parois se doivent alors d'être translucides, ou être expulsé en tout ou en partie vers l'extérieur, de façon à rendre la cible davantage visible, même si elle est mobile.According to one embodiment, the invention is based on the movement inside the main body of the projectile, an inertial mass, which, under the effect of acceleration or deceleration due to shooting, comes to disembowel one or more membranes separating two or more chambers, each of which contains one or more components, including a liquid with chemiluminescent potentiality. Mixing liquids with chemiluminescent potential between them causes the emission of light. Once illuminated, according to the type of projectile, the mixture may remain confined inside the main body, whose walls must then be translucent, or be expelled in whole or in part to the outside, so as to make the target more visible, even if it is mobile.

Dans la présente invention, les chambres qui contiennent du liquide à potentialité chimiluminescente sont séparées par une membrane, attachée selon sa périphérie au corps principal du projectile, membrane destinée à être éventrée par le mouvement de la masse inertielle. Cette membrane est préférentiellement constituée d'une feuille mince d'aluminium revêtue d'un vernis polymérique. Il y a lieu à cet égard de citer le brevet européen EP 1421314 B1 et sa contrepartie aux Etats-Unis N° US 2003/0223219 A1 qui décrivent une pochette souple à usage d'élément éclairant, constituée par deux membranes analogues à celle qu'on vient d'évoquer, scellées ensemble sur leur périphérie, formant une chambre que l'utilisateur éventre au moyen d'une bille ou autre grain dur. Selon la présente invention il n'y a pas d'intervention d'un utilisateur. C'est une masse inertielle qui agit sur la membrane pour provoquer son éventration, et ce, d'une part en fonction de la forme appropriée qui lui a été donnée en vue de cette éventration, et d'autre part, en agissant de façon automatique sous l'effet de toute accélération (ou décélération) due au tir, et non sous la volonté de l'utilisateur effectuant des gestes convenables et appropriés. D'autre part, avec la pochette souple et l'éventration par une bille ou grain dur, le malaxage par l'utilisateur est nécessaire pour avoir un mélange convenable, tandis que dans la présente invention, l'irruption dans la membrane et la chambre qui lui fait suite, est brutale et s'opère avec déchirage sur une grande surface par rapport au volume concerné, de telle sorte que le mélange est d'office satisfaisant. Par ailleurs il est évident que la finalité de la pochette à membrane n'est pas et ne saurait être en aucune façon d'équiper un projectile, même de gros calibre, et a fortiori de moyen ou petit calibre. Une pochette étant formée de deux membranes scellées ensemble selon la partie périphérique de leur surface, il ne resterait quasiment rien comme volume disponible à l'intérieur si on devait considérer une pochette qui n'aurait que quelques millimètres de dimension.In the present invention, the chambers which contain liquid with chemiluminescent potentiality are separated by a membrane, attached along its periphery to the main body of the projectile, membrane intended to be disemboweled by the movement of the inertial mass. This membrane is preferably made of an aluminum foil coated with a polymeric varnish. In this respect it is appropriate to mention the European patent EP 1421314 B1 and its counterpart in the United States US 2003/0223219 A1 which describe a flexible pouch for use of illuminating element, consisting of two membranes similar to the one just mentioned, sealed together on their periphery, forming a chamber that the user disconnects by means of a ball or other grain hard. According to the present invention there is no intervention of a user. It is an inertial mass that acts on the membrane to cause its disembowelment, and this, on the one hand according to the appropriate form that has been given to him for this herniation, and on the other hand, by acting so automatic under the effect of any acceleration (or deceleration) due to fire, and not at the will of the user making appropriate and appropriate actions. On the other hand, with the flexible pouch and the hulling by a ball or hard grain, the mixing by the user is necessary to have a suitable mixture, while in the present invention, burst in the membrane and the chamber which follows, is brutal and operates with tearing over a large area in relation to the volume concerned, so that the mixture is automatically satisfactory. Furthermore it is obvious that the purpose of the membrane pouch is not and can not be in any way to equip a projectile, even large caliber, and a fortiori medium or small caliber. A pouch being formed of two membranes sealed together according to the peripheral part of their surface, there would be almost nothing as a volume available inside if we were to consider a pouch that would be only a few millimeters in size.

Enfin, dans la présente invention, il est possible, et même souvent souhaité, d'obtenir l'expulsion vers l'extérieur, de tout ou partie du liquide allumé, ce qui n'est, avec la pochette à membranes, ni prévu ni souhaitable. A cet effet, le projectile selon l'invention est pourvu d'orifices par où le liquide allumé peut s'éjecter, soit du fait de la pression due au mouvement de la masse inertielle (effet de piston) soit par une réaction chimique génératrice de gaz obtenue par le mélange de deux composants au moment de l'éventration. Ces deux effets peuvent aussi se combiner.Finally, in the present invention, it is possible, and even often desired, to obtain the outward expulsion of all or part of the lit liquid, which is, with the membrane pouch, neither provided nor desirable. For this purpose, the projectile according to the invention is provided with orifices through which the lit liquid can eject, either because of the pressure due to the movement of the inertial mass (piston effect) or by a chemical reaction generating gas obtained by the mixture of two components at the time of the herniation. These two effects can also be combined.

L'invention propose donc un projectile à marquage lumineux de la zone d'impact, constitué d'un corps cylindrique creux, dans lequel peut se déplacer une ou plusieurs masses inertielles mises en mouvement par l'accélération, positive ou négative, qu'implique le processus de tir, mouvement qui provoque l'éventrement d'une ou plusieurs membranes séparant, à l'intérieur du corps ogival creux, deux ou plusieurs chambres, lesquelles contiennent chacune un liquide à potentialité chimiluminescente, lesquels liquides en se mélangeant émettent de la lumière, le projectile comportant, à l'avant, un conduit assurant la communication entre l'intérieur du projectile et le milieu extérieur, conduit permettant l'expulsion du liquide illuminé.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la ou les masses inertielles lors de la mise en mouvement, agit ou agissent comme un piston à l'intérieur du corps principal creux, en provoquant l'expulsion vers l'extérieur, par des orifices prévus dans les parois du projectile, du mélange liquide émetteur de lumière.The invention therefore proposes a projectile with a luminous marking of the impact zone, consisting of a hollow cylindrical body, in which one or more inertial masses can be moved in motion by the acceleration, positive or negative, implied by the firing process, a movement that causes the disruption of one or more membranes separating two or more chambers within the hollow ogival body, each of which contains a fluid with chemiluminescent potentiality, which liquids, when mixed, emit light, the projectile comprising, at the front, a conduit providing communication between the interior of the projectile and the external environment, conduit for the expulsion of the illuminated liquid.
According to one embodiment, the one or more inertial masses during the setting in motion, acts or acts as a piston inside the hollow main body, causing the expulsion outwards, through orifices provided in the walls of the projectile, the liquid mixture emitting light.

De préférence la ou les membranes à éventrer constituent, outre une séparation physique des liquides chimique avant leur mélange, une barrière contre la diffusion de tout élément constitutif de ces liquides, diffusion pouvant être de nature à nuire à la conservation de l'intégrité de leurs propriétés pendant la période de stockage.Preferably, the membrane or membranes to be disemboweled constitute, besides a physical separation of the chemical liquids before their mixing, a barrier against the diffusion of any constituent element of these liquids, diffusion being able to be harmful to the conservation of the integrity of their properties during the storage period.

La ou les membranes sont par exemple constituées d'une feuille mince en aluminium laquée sur au moins une de ses faces d'un vernis polymérique thermosoudable, destiné à adhérer, via un apport instantané de chaleur, au corps du projectile, ou pièce intermédiaire ad hoc, de façon à former la ou les chambres requises.The membrane or membranes consist, for example, of an aluminum foil lacquered on at least one of its faces with a heat-sealable polymeric varnish intended to adhere, via an instant heat supply, to the body of the projectile, or intermediate piece ad hoc, so as to form the required room (s).

Le vernis polymérique thermosoudable est de préférence neutre sans influence chimique sur la composition ou la conservation des liquides à potentialité chimiluminescente avec lesquels il est en contact, et est lui-même non-dissous par les solvants desdits liquides, par exemple un produit du type Morprime (TM) de Morton, division de Rohm & Haas (USA).The heat-sealable polymeric varnish is preferably neutral without any chemical influence on the composition or preservation of chemiluminescent potential liquids with which it is in contact, and is itself undissolved by the solvents of said liquids, for example a product of the Morprime type. (TM) Morton, division of Rohm & Haas (USA).

Le projectile selon l'invention peut être en outre pourvu à l'avant, d'un bouchon affectant la forme d'un cylindre pouvant coulisser à l'intérieur du corps principal, tout en dépassant hors de ce dernier à l'avant, de façon à être la première surface qui va rencontrer la cible à l'impact, cylindre pourvu de cannelures longitudinales creuses sur sa surface périphérique, qui autorisent la sortie du mélange lumineux sous pression, les cannelures creuses constituant des canaux de section suffisamment faible pour assurer un léger laminage du liquide dont le mélange est désiré.The projectile according to the invention may furthermore be provided at the front with a plug having the shape of a cylinder which can slide inside the main body, while projecting out of the latter at the front, of to be the first surface that will meet the target at impact, cylinder provided with hollow longitudinal grooves on its peripheral surface, which allow the exit of the luminous mixture under pressure, the hollow grooves constituting channels of small enough section to ensure a light rolling of the liquid whose mixture is desired.

Selon l'invention, un conduit assurant la communication entre l'intérieur du projectile et le milieu extérieur est prévu, conduit permettant l'expulsion du liquide illuminé, et pouvant être pourvu d'un bouchon destiné à se dégager lors de l'impact à l'arrivée.According to the invention, a conduit providing communication between the inside of the projectile and the external medium is provided, which conduit allows the expulsion of the illuminated liquid, and which can be provided with a plug intended to disengage at the time of impact. the arrival.

Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, le projectile peut être pourvu outre les liquides susmentionnés, dans une ou plusieurs de ses chambres, de composés susceptibles d'avoir une réaction émettrice de gaz, lorsqu'ils se trouvent mélangés entre eux par suite d'éventration d'une ou plusieurs membranes séparant les chambres.According to another aspect of the invention, the projectile may be provided in addition to the aforementioned liquids, in one or more of its chambers, compounds likely to have a gas-emitting reaction, when they are mixed together as a result of one or more membranes separating the chambers.

La matière constitutive du corps principal du projectile et/ou celle du bouchon, peut être avantageusement un polymère élastomérique.The constituent material of the main body of the projectile and / or that of the stopper may advantageously be an elastomeric polymer.

Selon encore un autre aspect, dans la partie avant du corps ogival, les parois de celui-ci présentent des replis, façon accordéon, de nature à en faciliter l'écrasement contre une cible, avec réduction de volume.According to yet another aspect, in the front part of the ogival body, the walls of the latter have folds, accordion way, such as to facilitate crushing against a target, with volume reduction.

On comprendra que les masses inertielles peuvent être pourvues, du côté où elle font face à une membrane, d'une structure éventreuse en pointe ou en pyramide.It will be understood that the inertial masses may be provided, on the side where it faces a membrane, a ruptured tip or pyramid structure.

L'invention est ci-après décrite plus en détail, en se référant aux figures annexées, qui illustrent des exemples non limitatifs mais particulièrement représentatifs. En particulier l'homme de l'art comprendra que les différentes caractéristiques décrites dans les figures peuvent être le plus souvent combinées et/ou sont généralisables.

  • Les figs. 1A et 1B sont des vues en coupe d'une exécution de projectile balistique selon l'invention, avec éjection de liquide lumineux à l'arrivée. La fig. 1A décrit un projectile avant impact, et la fig. 1B ce même projectile après l'impact.
  • La fig. 2 décrit une variante de projectile avant impact.
  • La fig. 3 est une vue en coupe d'une autre exécution possible d'un projectile selon l'invention avec émission de liquide vers l'extérieur.
  • La fig. 4 est une vue en coupe d'une exécution possible sans émission de liquide vers l'extérieur.
  • Les fig. 5 à 9 illustrent des détails de la façon dont la ou les membranes transversales dont est pourvu l'intérieur du corps du projectile peuvent être reliées audit corps.
  • La fig. 10 est une vue en coupe d'encore une autres exécution possible d'un projectile selon l'invention avec émission de liquide vers l'extérieur
The invention is hereinafter described in more detail, in Referring to the attached figures, which illustrate non-limiting but particularly representative examples. In particular those skilled in the art will understand that the various features described in the figures can be most often combined and / or are generalizable.
  • The Figs. 1A and 1B are sectional views of a ballistic projectile embodiment according to the invention, with ejection of luminous liquid on arrival. The Fig. 1A describes a projectile before impact, and the Fig. 1B this same projectile after the impact.
  • The Fig. 2 describes a projectile variant before impact.
  • The Fig. 3 is a sectional view of another possible execution of a projectile according to the invention with liquid emission to the outside.
  • The Fig. 4 is a sectional view of a possible embodiment without liquid emission to the outside.
  • The Fig. 5 to 9 illustrate details of how the transverse membrane (s) with which the interior of the projectile body is provided may be connected to said body.
  • Fig. 10 is a sectional view of yet another possible embodiment of a projectile according to the invention with emission of liquid to the outside

Dans la fig. 1A, on voit que le projectile comprend un corps 1, dont l'intérieur creux est de forme cylindrique. Dans cet espace se situe un bouchon 2 qui dépasse du corps 1 vers l'avant, tout en y restant inséré selon une certaine longueur, selon la laquelle se fera le guidage dudit bouchon lorsque celui-ci, sous l'effet de l'impact à l'arrivée, se déplacera à l'intérieur du corps 1 pour prendre la position illustrée par la fig. 1B. Selon cette longueur de guidage, le serrage du bouchon 2 dans le corps 1 doit être suffisamment fort pour empêcher un descellement sous l'effet de la violente accélération au départ du projectile, mais suffisamment faible pour permettre le glissement évoqué ci-dessus. A côté du bouchon 2 et vers son arrière se trouve une pièce en forme de pyramide 7 constituée essentiellement de 3 ou 4 couteaux destinés à venir éventrer les membranes 3 et 4 et provoquer ainsi le mélange et l'activation des deux liquides à potentialité chimiluminescente qui ont été disposés respectivement dans l'espace 5 situé entre les membranes 3 et 4 et dans l'espace 6 situé entre l'espace 4 et le fond de la partie creuse du projectile. Le bouchon 2 peut avantageusement être en matière souple, tandis que la pyramide à flancs coupants 7 est en matière dure et relativement dense. Cette pièce peut, ou non, être attachée au bouchon 2. Si elle ne l'est pas, on peut prévoir qu'elle se déplacera vers l'arrière, déjà sous l'effet de l'accélération due à la mise à feu, et dans ce cas, elle viendra éventrer les membranes 3 et 4 en provoquant l'illumination déjà en cours de trajectoire. Dans le cas contraire, elle sera, lors de l'impact à l'arrivée, poussée par le bouchon 2 et l'éventration aura lieu à ce moment-là. Le bouchon 2 est pourvu sur sa périphérie cylindrique de cannelures ou rainures 21, qui y ménagent des conduits creux permettant l'éjection du liquide activé vers l'avant du projectile, où il est censé inonder la cible. On a représenté en 10 un jeu d'ailettes ou empennage, dont la présence est facultative, qui pourraient être indiqués si on désire améliorer le comportement du projectile pendant son parcours balistique. La partie arrière 8 du projectile peut se voir insérée dans une cartouche ou douille, de la manière conventionnelle pour les balles normales. En 14, on a représenté des grains de produit chimique pouvant avoir une action émettrice de gaz s'ils sont amenés à être mis en contact avec un réactif approprié. Ce dernier peut être par exemple le peroxyde d'hydrogène dont la présence est habituelle dans l'un des composants liquides à potentialité chimiluminescente. De tels réactifs émetteurs de gaz auraient pour rôle d'augmenter la pression interne et de faciliter l'expulsion du contenu liquide lumineux.In the Fig. 1A it can be seen that the projectile comprises a body 1 whose hollow interior is of cylindrical shape. In this space is a plug 2 which protrudes from the body 1 towards the front, while remaining inserted along a certain length, according to which will be guiding said cap when it, under the effect of the impact on arrival, will move inside the body 1 to take the position illustrated by the Fig. 1B . According to this guide length, the tightening of the plug 2 in the body 1 must be strong enough to prevent loosening under the effect of the violent acceleration at the start of the projectile, but weak enough to allow the slip mentioned above. Next to the stopper 2 and towards its rear is a pyramid-shaped piece 7 consisting essentially of 3 or 4 knives intended to disembowel the membranes 3 and 4 and thus cause the mixing and the activation of the two liquids with chemiluminescent potentiality which were respectively located in the space 5 between the membranes 3 and 4 and in the space 6 between the space 4 and the bottom of the hollow part of the projectile. The cap 2 may advantageously be of flexible material, while the pyramid with cutting sides 7 is hard and relatively dense material. This piece can or not be attached to the cap 2. If it is not, it can be expected that it will move backwards, already under the effect of the acceleration due to firing, and in this case, it will disembowel the membranes 3 and 4 causing the illumination already in course of trajectory. In the opposite case, it will be, during the impact on arrival, pushed by the stopper 2 and the herniation will take place at this time. The cap 2 is provided on its cylindrical periphery with grooves or grooves 21, which provide hollow conduits for the ejection of the activated liquid towards the front of the projectile, where it is supposed to flood the target. There is shown in 10 a set of fins or empennage, the presence of which is optional, which could be indicated if it is desired to improve the behavior of the projectile during its ballistic journey. The rear part 8 of the projectile can be inserted in a cartridge or socket, in the conventional manner for normal bullets. In 14, there is shown grains of chemical product that can have a gas-emitting action if they are brought to be put into operation. contact with a suitable reagent. The latter may for example be hydrogen peroxide, the presence of which is usual in one of the liquid components with chemiluminescent potential. Such gas emitting reagents would serve to increase the internal pressure and facilitate the expulsion of the liquid light content.

La fig. 2 représente une exécution tout-à-fait analogue, mais ici les cannelures ou rainures 21 ne s'étendent pas sur toute la longueur du bouchon 1. L'arrière de celui-ci présente une périphérie lisse assurant une meilleure étanchéité. Et contre cette partie lisse, le corps 1 présente un rétrécissement en diamètre, favorisant lui aussi cette étanchéité. Dans cette fig. 2 la pyramide 7 garnie de couteaux se voit figurée dans l'exécution détachée du bouchon 2. Par ailleurs dans cette fig. 2 on a simplifié la disposition des chambres 5 et 6 contenant les liquides chimiluminescents. En 22 on a illustré une "jupe", élément facultatif susceptible d'augmenter la stabilité en trajectoire.The Fig. 2 represents a completely similar execution, but here the grooves or grooves 21 do not extend over the entire length of the cap 1. The rear thereof has a smooth periphery ensuring a better seal. And against this smooth part, the body 1 has a narrowing in diameter, also promoting this seal. In this Fig. 2 the pyramid 7 with knives is shown in the execution detached from the cap 2. Moreover in this Fig. 2 the arrangement of the chambers 5 and 6 containing the chemiluminescent liquids has been simplified. In 22 there is illustrated a "skirt", optional element capable of increasing the stability in trajectory.

Dans la fig. 3, le corps 1 est de préférence réalisé en matière polymérique élastomère, ici pour trois raisons. En premier lieu, cette exécution facilitera l'écrasement contre la cible de toute la partie avant du projectile, avec sérieuse diminution du volume interne, donc augmentation bénéfique de la pression déterminant l'éjection de liquide. On remarquera dans cette finalité l'existence d'un repli 12, façon accordéon, dans le dessin du corps ogival creux 1. Ensuite, une exécution en élastomère peut aussi se justifier par le souci de rendre la balle plus inoffensive dans le cas où une personne se trouve sur sa trajectoire. Enfin, une exécution en élastomère permet le jeu d'un bouchon 11 de forme tronconique, en matière plus dure, logé dans l'avant du corps 1, - ce logement ayant bien entendu la forme tronconique également, pour faire étanchéité avant l'impact. Ce bouchon est pourvu d'un champignon 13, dont la présence, si le projectile rencontre une cible oblique par rapport à la trajectoire, facilitera le léger mouvement qui est demandé au bouchon pour se dégager. L'éventration de la membrane 3 est provoquée par le mouvement inertiel de recul de la masse 2 dès le départ du projectile, et cette masse inertielle 2, dans l'exécution ici considérée, n'est pas reliée au bouchon 11 et agit indépendamment du dégagement de ce dernier. Les liquides à potentialité chimiluminescente ont été disposés respectivement dans les chambres 5 et 6. La première est formée de l'espace qui se trouve en avant de la membrane 3 et la seconde, en arrière de cette membrane 3. On peut évidemment imaginer, parmi diverses combinaisons possibles, que le présent document revendique, que la chambre 5 soit située entre deux membranes, comme dans la fig. 1. Les considérations émises ci-dessus dans le cas de la fig. 1, concernant l'existence éventuelle d'un empennage, et de grains de produits chimiques d'action émettrice de gaz restent d'application. En 9, comme il s'agit d'une exécution en élastomère, on a prévu de façon facultative, l'existence d'une cuvette métallique sertie sur le bout du corps ogival, pour améliorer son insertion dans la douille ou cartouche.In the Fig. 3 , the body 1 is preferably made of elastomeric polymeric material, here for three reasons. In the first place, this execution will facilitate the crash against the target of the entire front part of the projectile, with a serious decrease of the internal volume, therefore beneficial increase of the pressure determining the ejection of liquid. Note in this finality the existence of a fold 12, accordion way, in the drawing of the hollow ogival body 1. Then, an elastomeric execution can also be justified by the concern to make the ball more harmless in the case where a no one is on his trajectory. Finally, an elastomer embodiment allows the play of a plug 11 of frustoconical shape, in harder material, housed in the front of the body 1, - this housing having heard the frustoconical shape also, to seal before impact. This cap is provided with a mushroom 13, the presence of which, if the projectile encounters a target oblique to the trajectory, will facilitate the slight movement that is required of the cap to disengage. The eventration of the membrane 3 is caused by the inertial movement of the mass 2 as soon as the projectile leaves, and this inertial mass 2, in the embodiment considered here, is not connected to the plug 11 and acts independently of the clearance of the latter. The liquids with chemiluminescent potentiality have been arranged respectively in the chambers 5 and 6. The first one is formed of the space which is in front of the membrane 3 and the second, behind this membrane 3. One can obviously imagine, among various possible combinations, that this document claims, that the chamber 5 is located between two membranes, as in the Fig. 1 . The considerations set out above in the case of the Fig. 1 , concerning the possible existence of a tail, and grains of chemicals of action emitting gas remain applicable. In 9, as it is an elastomeric embodiment, there is provisionally provided the existence of a metal bowl crimped on the end of the ogival body, to improve its insertion into the sleeve or cartridge.

La fig. 4 concerne une exécution plus simple que les précédentes, qui n'est pas partie de l'invention, où il n'intervient pas d'éjection de liquide lumineux hors du corps ogival. Ce dernier est alors exécuté en matière transparente ou translucide. La masse inertielle 2 est censée se déplacer vers l'arrière dès la mise à feu et provoquer l'activation. Les fonctionnalités décrites précédemment restent d'application. La cible ne sera pas arrosée de liquide lumineux, mais si la balle lumineuse reste visible sur ou à côté de la cible, le but recherché pourrait être considéré comme atteint si les circonstances s'y prêtent.The Fig. 4 relates to a simpler execution than the previous, which is not part of the invention, where it does not intervene ejection of light liquid out of the ogival body. The latter is then executed in transparent or translucent material. The inertial mass 2 is supposed to move backwards as soon as it is fired and cause activation. The features described above remain applicable. The target will not be sprayed with bright liquid, but if the bright ball remains visible on or beside the target, the desired goal could be considered achieved if the circumstances lend themselves to it.

Les fig. 5 à 9 représentent des détails d'exécutions possibles pour les jonctions entre membranes et corps ogival. Les membranes sont des feuilles d'aluminium très minces revêtues d'un vernis thermoscellable. A la fig. 5, les membranes sont ainsi soudées thermiquement au corps principal, selon leur périphérie, sur des épaulements prévus à cet effet. A la fig. 6, elles le sont sur un élément cylindrique à épaulements, qui est introduit dans l'intérieur du corps principal par la suite, ce qui peut faciliter les opérations, en particulier si on tient compte qu'un remplissage de précision est nécessaire avec les liquides, avant soudage. A la fig. 7, on représente deux éléments cylindriques l'un derrière l'autre, et quatre membranes, dont 4 et 4' qui se trouvent côte à côte. A la fig. 8, on a représenté, dans le cas de l'exécution du corps principal 1 en élastomère, une possibilité d'utiliser, pour l'assemblage entre élément cylindrique et corps ogival, une exécution faisant usage de lèvres d'étanchéité, moulées avec le reste du corps ogival, afin d'économiser une opération de soudage. Dans l'exécution représentée à la fig. 9, le corps principal est, fort simplement, exécuté en deux pièces, ici numérotées 1 et 26, lesquelles sont soudées l'une à l'autre avec interposition de la membrane en aluminium verni 3 entre les deux. Dans ce cas, la membrane en aluminium a reçu le vernis de thermoscellage sur chacune de ses deux faces.The Fig. 5 to 9 represent details of possible executions for the junctions between membranes and ogival body. The membranes are very thin aluminum foils coated with a heat-sealable varnish. To the Fig. 5 , the membranes are thus thermally welded to the main body, according to their periphery, on shoulders provided for this purpose. To the Fig. 6 they are on a cylindrical shoulder element, which is introduced into the interior of the main body later, which can facilitate operations, especially if one takes into account that precision filling is necessary with the liquids, before welding. To the Fig. 7 two cylindrical elements are shown one behind the other, and four membranes, 4 and 4 'of which are side by side. To the Fig. 8 , in the case of the embodiment of the main body 1 of elastomer, there is shown a possibility of using, for the assembly between cylindrical element and ogival body, an embodiment making use of sealing lips, molded with the rest of the ogival body, in order to save a welding operation. In the performance shown in Fig. 9 , the main body is, quite simply, executed in two parts, here numbered 1 and 26, which are welded to one another with the interposition of the varnished aluminum membrane 3 between the two. In this case, the aluminum membrane has received the heat seal varnish on each of its two faces.

La fig. 10 représente une variante supplémentaire d'un projectile selon l'invention. Ici le projectile présente à l'avant, un trou 23 de faible diamètre, par où sera éjecté le liquide lumineux. La membrane 3 sépare deux chambres respectivement pourvues des liquides à potentialité chimiluminescente, et sera éventrée dès la mise à feu, par le mouvement inertiel de la pyramide à couteaux 7. La membrane 25 sépare deux chambres à fonction génératrice de gaz, l'une contenant un liquide et l'autre un réactif chimique approprié, ici représenté sous forme de cristaux 14. L'éventration donne la génération de gaz dès la mise à feu, mais la vitesse de cette réaction peut être dosée. Une membrane intermédiaire 4 existe dont la présence sépare les fonctions « liquide lumineux » et « génération de gaz »; elle sera éventrée par l'action inertielle de l'anneau 24 comportant en son centre une « aiguille de seringue » pointue, qui ne perforera qu'un trou de dimension modeste, assurant la transmission de pression entre l'arrière et l'avant.Fig. 10 represents an additional variant of a projectile according to the invention. Here the projectile presents at the front, a hole 23 of small diameter, where will be ejected the luminous liquid. The membrane 3 separates two chambers respectively provided with chemiluminescent potential liquids, and will be disemboweled as soon as firing, by the inertial movement of the knife pyramid 7. The membrane 25 separates two chambers generating gas function, one containing one liquid and the other a suitable chemical reagent, here represented in the form of crystals 14. The herniation gives the gas generation as soon as firing, but the speed of this reaction can be assayed. An intermediate membrane 4 exists whose presence separates the "light liquid" and "gas generation"functions; it will be disemboweled by the inertial action of the ring 24 having in its center a pointed "syringe needle", which will perforate a hole of modest size, ensuring the transmission of pressure between the back and the front.

Exemple de réalisation.Example of embodiment.

Un projectile selon l'invention a été réalisé essentiellement conformément à la fig. 1 susmentionnée. Le calibre du corps principal 1 est de 12,5 mm de diamètre. La longueur totale atteint 43 mm. Le bouchon 2 en élastomère est un cylindre de 16 mm de long sur 10,5 mm de diamètre, avec avant tronconique. Le corps 1 est en homopolymère de polypropylène, pour avoir une résistance mécanique convenable. Les « couteaux » arrangés en pyramide, qui doivent assurer la pénétration et l'éventration des membranes, sont en aluminium, de densité 2,5 ou en polypropylène homopolymère chargé, de densité de l'ordre de 1,8. Le bout des couteaux est très pointu. Les membranes sont au nombre de deux. Entre elles se situe une première chambre dont le volume est de 0,12 centimètre cube, dans laquelle se trouve un des liquides à potentialité chimiluminescente. La seconde chambre se situe entre la seconde membrane et le fond du corps ogival creux, et on la remplit avec le second liquide chimique à potentialité chimiluminescente. Son volume est de 0,35 centimètre cube. Les membranes sont une feuille d'aluminium de 0.30 mm d'épaisseur, enduites sur leur face à souder d'une couche de 4 microns de vernis thermofusible à base de polypropylène. Le soudage de ces disques d'aluminium se fait, selon leur périphérie, sur l'épaulement approprié dans l'intérieur du corps ogival, au moyen d'un anneau chaud en laiton, le corps principal étant mis en position verticale pour faciliter le remplissage de liquide qui intervient juste avant le soudage de la membrane. Le bouchon est enserré dans l'avant du corps ogival sur une longueur de 6 mm. Ce serrage est prévu pour suffire à empêcher le descellement sous l'effet de l'accélération qui intervient au départ lors de la mise à feu. Mais il permet néanmoins le mouvement du bouchon au moment où celui-ci vient s'écraser contre la cible. Les diamètres concernés ont donc été calculés et réalisés avec la précision nécessaire. Le bouchon est pourvu selon toute sa périphérie cylindrique, de 8 cannelures longitudinales profondes chacune de 1 mm et larges de 2 mm, destinées à laisser s'échapper le liquide éjecté à l'impact, constitué des deux composants mélangés lors de l'éventration, ou encore en train de se mélanger. On peut considérer que le passage de ce mélange par ces canaux de section relativement modeste provoque une certaine lamination qui contribue à l'homogénisation. Après l'impact, une bonne partie du contenu liquide se trouve répandu sur la cible, et en atmosphère nocturne, est visible à grande distance. Avec emploi comme premier liquide d'une solution d'oxalate de trichlorocarbopentoxyphényle, associé à un colorant rubrène, solution qui se mélange avec un activateur à base de peroxyde d'hydrogène, constituant le second liquide, on peut clairement voir le résultat à 200 mètres et davantage, ceci en atmosphère nocturne et par temps clair.A projectile according to the invention has been produced essentially in accordance with the Fig. 1 above. The caliber of the main body 1 is 12.5 mm in diameter. The total length reaches 43 mm. The elastomeric stopper 2 is a cylinder 16 mm long and 10.5 mm in diameter, with a frustoconical front. The body 1 is polypropylene homopolymer, to have a suitable mechanical strength. The "knives" arranged in pyramid, which must ensure the penetration and disembowel membranes, are aluminum, density 2.5 or filled homopolymer polypropylene, density of the order of 1.8. The end of the knives is very sharp. The membranes are two in number. Between them is a first chamber with a volume of 0.12 cubic centimeters, in which there is one of the liquids with potentiality chemiluminescent. The second chamber is located between the second membrane and the bottom of the hollow ogival body, and is filled with the second chemical liquid with chemiluminescent potentiality. Its volume is 0.35 cubic centimeter. The membranes are an aluminum foil 0.30 mm thick, coated on their side to be welded with a 4 micron layer of hot melt varnish based on polypropylene. The welding of these aluminum discs is, according to their periphery, on the appropriate shoulder in the interior of the ogival body, by means of a hot brass ring, the main body being placed in a vertical position to facilitate the filling fluid that comes just before the membrane is welded. The cap is enclosed in the front of the ogival body over a length of 6 mm. This clamping is provided to suffice to prevent loosening under the effect of the acceleration that occurs at the start when firing. But it nevertheless allows the movement of the cap when it comes crashing against the target. The diameters concerned have therefore been calculated and realized with the necessary precision. The cap is provided along its entire cylindrical periphery, 8 longitudinal grooves each 1 mm deep and 2 mm wide, intended to let out the ejected liquid impact, consisting of the two components mixed during the eventration, or still blending. It can be considered that the passage of this mixture through these channels of relatively modest section causes some lamination which contributes to homogenization. After the impact, a good part of the liquid content is spread on the target, and in night atmosphere, is visible at great distance. With the use as the first liquid of a solution of trichlorocarbopentoxyphenyl oxalate, combined with a rubrene dye, which solution is mixed with a hydrogen peroxide activator, constituting the second liquid, it is possible to clearly see the result at 200 meters and more, this in the night and on a clear day.

Claims (12)

  1. A projectile arranged for luminous marking of an impact area, composed of a hollow cylindrical body (1), comprising one or more inertial masses (2) capable of moving during acceleration, positive or negative, involved in a process of firing, which movement causes bursting of one or more membranes (3, 4) separating, inside said hollow body (1) of the projectile, two or more chambers (5, 6) characterised in that the chambers (5, 6) contain each at least one liquid with chemiluminescent potential, which liquids emit light when mixed together and in that the projectile comprises a duct providing communication between the interior of the projectile and the external atmosphere, which duct can allow expulsion of illuminated liquid.
  2. The projectile according to claim 1 above, further characterized in that one or more of the inertial masses, when placed in motion, are arranged in the form of a piston (2) inside the hollow cylindrical body (1), and are capable of causing the expulsion to the outside, through one or more orifices (23) provided in the walls of said projectile, of a light-emitting liquid mixture.
  3. The projectile according to claim 1 and 2 above, further characterized in that the membrane or membranes (3, 4) to be burst comprise, in addition to a physical separation of said chemical liquids prior to their being mixed, a barrier against diffusion of any component element of these liquids, which diffusion could hinder the preservation of integrity of their properties during storage.
  4. The projectile according any of the claims 1 to 3, further characterized in that the membrane or membranes are comprised of thin aluminum foil.
  5. The projectile according to claim 4, characterized in that said aluminum foil is lacquered on at least one of its faces with a heat-sealable polymer varnish, said aluminum foil having been heat-sealed at its periphery by means of instantaneous application of heat, to said body of the projectile, or any intermediate piece, so as to form said abovementioned chamber or chambers.
  6. The projectile according to any of the claims 1 to 5 above, characterized in that said heat-sealable polymer varnish is neutral without chemical influence on the liquids or preservation of the liquids with chemiluminescent potential with which it is in contact, and is itself not dissolved by the solvents of said liquids.
  7. The projectile according to any of the claims 1 to 6 above, further characterized in that it is provided at a front portion with a cylindrical-shaped plug (2) that can slide inside said body while extending beyond it in the front, in such a way that it is the first surface that meets the target upon impact, said cylinder being provided with hollow longitudinal fluting (21) on its peripheral surface that allows exiting of a luminous mixture under pressure, the hollow fluting comprising channels of small enough cross section to ensure a slight lamination of the liquid whose mixture is desired.
  8. The projectile according to claims 1 to 7, further characterized in that the duct which allow expulsion of illuminated liquid is provided with a plug intended to be released during impact upon arrival.
  9. The projectile according to claim 1, further provided, in addition to the abovementioned liquids, in one or more of its chambers, with compounds (14) that can have a gas-emitting reaction when they are mixed together following bursting of one or more membranes separating said chambers.
  10. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the body of the projectile and/or plug is made of an elastomeric polymer material.
  11. The projectile according to claim 11, further characterized in that, in a front part of the body, the walls thereof have accordion-like folds (12) so as to facilitate crushing against a target with reduction of volume.
  12. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that said inertial masses are provided, on the side facing a membrane, with a pointed or pyramidal structure (7) for facilitating bursting.
EP08701601A 2007-02-08 2008-02-08 Non-lethal ballistic projectile with luminous marking of the impact area Not-in-force EP2115383B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE200700051 2007-02-08
PCT/EP2008/050599 WO2008107215A1 (en) 2007-02-08 2008-02-08 Non-lethal ballistic projectile with luminous marking of the impact area

Publications (2)

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EP2115383A1 EP2115383A1 (en) 2009-11-11
EP2115383B1 true EP2115383B1 (en) 2012-06-06

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EP08701601A Not-in-force EP2115383B1 (en) 2007-02-08 2008-02-08 Non-lethal ballistic projectile with luminous marking of the impact area

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US (1) US20100175577A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2115383B1 (en)
ES (1) ES2390520T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2008107215A1 (en)

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US20100282118A1 (en) * 2007-02-08 2010-11-11 Jacques Ladyjensky Chemiluminescent impact activated projectile
US8001903B1 (en) * 2007-09-05 2011-08-23 Quintana Mauricio F Liquid mist tracer for shotgun ammunition
US8443732B2 (en) * 2009-06-26 2013-05-21 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh High angle of attack multi spectral marking projectile/bomb
AU2010276480B2 (en) * 2009-07-27 2014-09-25 Cyalume Technologies, Inc. Combined thermal and chemiluminescent reaction system
US8286557B2 (en) * 2009-08-03 2012-10-16 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Projectiles for marking targets, methods of manufacturing the same, and methods of utilizing the same
CA2769405C (en) 2009-08-11 2017-02-28 Kevin Michael Sullivan Projectile with a multi-spectral marking plume
SG179302A1 (en) * 2010-09-16 2012-04-27 Advanced Material Engineering Pte Ltd Projectile with strike point marking
EP2616757B1 (en) 2010-09-17 2018-08-22 Amtec Corporation Pyrophoric projectile
SG189980A1 (en) * 2010-10-24 2013-06-28 Cyalume Technologies Inc Combined thermal and chemiluminescent reaction system
US9429405B1 (en) * 2015-04-27 2016-08-30 Alfiero Balzano Less lethal ammunition

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20100175577A1 (en) 2010-07-15
ES2390520T3 (en) 2012-11-13
EP2115383A1 (en) 2009-11-11
WO2008107215A1 (en) 2008-09-12

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