Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B61—RAILWAYS
  • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
  • B61D5/00—Tank wagons for carrying fluent materials
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
  • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
  • B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
  • B28C5/42—Apparatus specially adapted for being mounted on vehicles with provision for mixing during transport
  • B28C5/4282—Apparatus specially adapted for being mounted on vehicles with provision for mixing during transport with moving mixing tools in a stationary container
  • B28C5/4286—Apparatus specially adapted for being mounted on vehicles with provision for mixing during transport with moving mixing tools in a stationary container with mixing screw-blades
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B61—RAILWAYS
  • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
  • B61D7/00—Hopper cars
  • B61D7/14—Adaptations of hopper elements to railways
  • B61D7/32—Means for assisting charge or discharge
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
  • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
  • E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
  • E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
  • E21D11/105—Transport or application of concrete specially adapted for the lining of tunnels or galleries ; Backfilling the space between main building element and the surrounding rock, e.g. with concrete

Definitions

• This invention relates to a method for concrete transport on rails, as well as a device for carrying out the method.
• the transport of large quantities of concrete is required above all in road construction, bridge construction and especially in tunnel construction.
• the setting is a chemical process Process whose course over time is inter alia temperature-dependent, which is why, depending on the circumstances, it is delayed by the addition of retardants, if necessary, or shortened with accelerating agents. Another measure to prevent segregation is to keep the concrete moving.
• Conventional transport trains therefore consist of railway cars, on each of which a cigar-shaped drum is installed lying, so that it extends over the entire length of the carriage, and which rotates by means of a drive continuously about its horizontal axis.
• the drums are cigar-shaped because they rejuvenate slightly at both ends and then run out into an open mouth.
• the mouth at that end of the drum, which faces the tunnel breast or points in the direction of transport, protrudes into the slightly larger rear drum mouth on the next carriage to the front.
• the front orifices thus protrude into each other in the rear mouths of the front car in coupled cars.
• the lids weigh around 300kg to 400kg, because they have to be, if they are just below due to the rotation of the drums, the load of lying on its inside concrete. They also have a special locking mechanism that ensures this.
• a specially designed lidding machine is used, which is placed in front of the portal of the concrete plant, where the drums are filled. Because of their size and weight, the lids can not be lifted by human hands. The lifted lids must be stored temporarily and placed back on the associated hole in the drum after filling with concrete and sealed. To do this, the train has to drive backwards from the concrete silo after filling, past the lid machine where this happens on the occasion of a temporary, locally defined stopover.
• the actual filling of a drum is done by passing through the train under a concrete silo and when each of the opening of a drum comes to rest under the discharge gutter of the concrete silo, the train is stopped. Then the discharge gutter is opened and a batch of concrete is poured into the drum. Thereafter, the train is pulled forward a bit, until the next drum opening is below the discharge, etc., until finally the drum cars of the whole train are loaded. Thereafter, the whole filled train is moved back and the lid machine, each individual opening is closed by stopping the train and operating the lid machine.
• the filled train then drove pushed by a locomotive into the tunnel, under constant rotation of Tommein on the individual cars. Arrived at the destination, the concrete is taken from the front of the foremost car, where it falls out of the drum mouth. By rotating the drums, the concrete in the individual drums is conveyed steadily forward, from drum to drum, until it is finally released from the foremost drum and then fed to the processing in the area of the tunnel breast.
• the drum carts must be prepared for filling by means of a special lidding machine. For this purpose, such a system is first necessary, and then the train must be stopped in each case at the right place, after which this decapping and intermediate storage of the lid is done. This is a cumbersome and time-consuming procedure.
• the lid machine does not need a little space in front of the tunnel portal. In front of tunnel portals, however, there is little space available in most cases.
• the train must be stopped with the individual drum openings just under the pouring spout of the concrete silo. Due to the comparatively small opening in the drum wall, the filling process takes a relatively long time. Each drum has two openings. Accordingly, the train per drum must be stopped twice at a precisely defined point.
• the object of this invention is to provide a method for concrete transport on rails, as well as an apparatus for performing the method, which avoids the disadvantages listed above and overall practical, targeted, faster and cheaper larger amounts of concrete per time can be transported to a tunnel breast.
• This object is achieved by a method for concrete transport on rails, in which the concrete in rail vehicles, each with an open-topped trough-shaped container after filling the container while driving from the top of a concrete silo out afterwards seemed transported, the concrete in the open, trough-shaped containers are protected against segregation by stirring with an agitator, and for discharging the containers of the following rail vehicles are sealed together by contraction of the couplings, and that afterwards concrete is conveyed by the stirring and conveyor of a container in the next container and finally funded from the front wall opening of the foremost rail vehicle on a conveyor belt carriage and then into the feed hopper of a concrete pump ,
• the object is further achieved by a device for concrete transport on rails, consisting of rail vehicles, each with an open-topped trough-shaped container with slide or flap opening in the end-side end walls, wherein in the open trough-shaped container, a stirring and conveyor is arranged, by means of which the in-situ concrete mixable and from the slide or flap opening in the end wall of the container can be conveyed.
• FIG 1 Two coupled rail vehicles
• Figure 2 A single rail vehicle viewed obliquely from above;
• Figure 3 The rail vehicle of Figure 2 decomposed into its essential components
• Figure 4 The front side of a rail vehicle with open slide
• Figure 5 The range of the coupling of two rail vehicles coupled together in the driving condition of Wegskomposition
• FIG. 6 shows the region of the coupling of two rail tracks connected together. vehicles in the state of conveyance, when the train composition is stationary;
• Figure 7 The concrete pump cart with feeding device with concrete tank and agitator.
• Figure 1 shows two rail vehicles 1, 2 of a train composition, for example, run on rails of track width 900mm standard.
• the conveying direction of the concrete here follows the arrow drawn under the train composition.
• the top of the train thus forms the car 1, which enters the tunnel first, while the composition is pushed from behind, that is, from the coupled behind the car 2 cars and zuhinderst coupled locomotive.
• Each individual rail vehicle 1, 2 consists of a chassis 3 in the form of a self-supporting welded construction and it rests with coil springs or leaf springs sprung on subframes 4, which here have four wheels 5.
• the wheels 5 are in contrast to the previously used cars of larger diameter.
• a container 8 is placed on the chassis 3, a container 8 is placed.
• the chassis has upwardly directed plug cones 6, via which the support legs 7 of the container 8 can be pushed from above, so that then the container 8 is held immovably and securely on the chassis 3 by virtue of its own weight.
• a container 8 measures for example about 8 meters in length and 1.60 meters in the Width and holds about 12m 3 concrete or about 13m 3 water. It is made of steel, with a steel of about 10 to 15mm thickness is suitable. The steel plates are bent in the radius of the semicircular bottom 9 of the container 8 and the rounding close planar side parts 10 at. At both ends then the end, bottom half-round walls 11,12 are welded.
• the container 4 with its support legs 7 is merely stuck on the chassis 3, it can be quickly lifted off the chassis 3 with a crane at any time and park next to the rail track somewhere on a flat ground on its support legs 7.
• the chassis 3 with its subframes 4 and wheels 5 on the one hand and the container 8 with their support legs 7 are thus mating but separable modules and interchangeable and can be used independently and combined together. Each container 8 thus fits on each chassis. 3
• Each container 8 has a trough-shaped bottom and is open at the top. In the end walls 11, 12 openings 13,14 are present in the lower area. The front openings 14 to the car 1, 2 are here with one each
• Lip nozzle 16 equipped while the opposite openings 13 is equipped with a funnel mouth 15. The function of this lip nozzle 16 and the respective opposite mouth of the funnel 15 will be described in more detail later. Inside each container 8 is a not visible here
• FIG 2 you can see a single car seen obliquely from above.
• the chassis 3 consists essentially of two mutually parallel square hollow sections and the support legs 7 have recesses down so that they can be slipped over these hollow sections, and thereby can be slipped with a horizontal hole on the socket 6 on the chassis 3.
• they are secured against slipping and need not be further connected to the chassis 3 due to the weight of the container 8. They can therefore be easily lifted away from the chassis 3 at any time with a crane.
• Serve for this purpose attached to the upper corners of the container 8 lifting tabs 20.
• the open-topped container 8 is by means of a number of transverse struts 17 which connect the two upper edges 18 of the container 8, amplified. At the two end portions of the open-topped container 8 is covered with standing panels 19. The remaining upper opening of the container is covered by a coarser mesh so that nobody can fall into the container. This is not shown here.
• Inside the container 8 you can see something of the stirring and conveyor 21.
• the lip nozzle 16 At the front of the car you can see the lip nozzle 16, the mouth edge of an elastic, but strong-walled hollow rubber ring.
• the one coupling part here the coupling part 25, however, is designed as a special extendable, by means of a hydraulic cylinder-piston unit 26. Their importance will be clear later.
• This is an Archimedean screw with a central shaft 27, which extends after installation in the container interior 8 in its longitudinal center and is rotatably mounted in the two end walls of the container 8 shown pulled out.
• the end walls 11,12 are equipped for this purpose with pivot bearings 28. From the screw surface of an actual Archimedean screw, however, only the outer edge region has been left while the other material is excluded.
• This approximately 10cm wide edge area forms a helical band 33
• the one of Number of radial struts 29 is connected to the central shaft 27 so that on the one hand, the belt 33 can be set by the shaft 27 via the struts 29 in rotation, and on the other hand, the concrete in the container 8 upon rotation of the agitator through the recesses can flow, but at the same time is conveyed by the belt 33 in the longitudinal direction of the carriage, depending on the direction of rotation.
• the shaft 27 is driven by a hydraulic motor with reduction gear, these components are sealed on the inside of an end wall in the helical housing against water and concrete. Down in the end wall 11 can be seen the opening 14 in the form of a round hole, which measures about one third of the diameter of the container 8.
• a slider device 29 is ever grown on the end face 11 as well as on the end face 12, a slider device 29 is ever grown.
• This consists of a base plate 32 to which the lip nozzle 16 or the funnel mouth 15 is attached, and a pivotally mounted behind this base plate 32 slide plate 30, and a hydraulic cylinder piston unit 31, one end of which is pivotally connected to the slide plate 30 while its outer end is then pivotally connected to the end face of the container 8 near a lifting tab.
• this hydraulic cylinder-piston unit 31 which is also remotely controllable, the slide plate 30 relative to the base plate 32 and the end face 11 can pivot so that it zuschliesst depending on the opening 14 in the end face 11, 12 of the container 8 or releases.
• FIG. 4 shows the front side of a rail vehicle with open slide. Through the opening 14 can be seen in the interior of the container 8. It can be seen the beginning of the helical band 33 and one of the radial struts 29 of the stirring and conveyor 18.
• the base plate 32 of the slide opening device is fixedly mounted on the end face 11 of the container 8, and between this base plate 32 and the end face 11 is the slide plate 30 which is rotatably mounted about the pivot bearing 34.
• the hydraulic cylinder-piston unit 31 connects the slide plate 30 with the container 8. Pulls this hydraulic cylinder-piston unit 31 together, the slide plate 30 is rotated in the illustration shown in the counterclockwise direction and therefore pivots into the opening 14 and closes it.
• the slide plates can be swung open at the two end faces, which again happens hydraulically by means of the cylinder-piston units 31.
• an open passage is created from container to container, with the openings in the end faces yes down to the bottom of the container.
• the agitators are rotated, they act as conveyors and convey the concrete from trolley to trolley until it finally falls through the front opening 14 of the foremost trolley onto the conveyor belt of a conveyor belt trolley, which finally transports it into a feed hopper of a concrete pump.
• stirring and conveyor can also serve an alternative embodiment.
• the drive shaft 27 of this agitator and conveyor 18 is driven by an electric motor with reduction gear and is also remotely controllable. When turning the paddles act similar to snowploughs and in addition to the stirring of the concrete contained in the container this is also promoted against.
• a special concrete pump wagon with direct promotion in the concrete pump Such a concrete pump carriage 35 is shown in FIG.
• the concrete pump is located in the front of the wagon and the direct feed unit 36, which consists of a concrete container, that is to say a trough with agitator, is located at the back.
• This car and its direct feed unit can be coupled directly to the foremost rail vehicle 1 with container 8.
• the feed-through device 36 has a steel cone with a vulcanized seal and a steel funnel as a coupling element. As a result, a tight transition from the foremost carriage 1 to the direct feed unit 36 can be created.
• the steel cone with seal, as well as the steel funnel are screwed to the trough and can therefore be easily replaced.
• the contraction of the two cars 1 and 35 is accomplished with a hydraulic pulling device in the coupling.
• the sliding mechanism consists of a steel frame construction, which can be retracted by means of a coupling cylinder.
• two spring-loaded hydraulic locking cylinders are attached laterally.
• the locking cylinders and the coupling cylinders are hydraulically connected in series so that when the control valve is actuated first one after the other the two locking cylinders are extended and only then the coupling cylinder is retracted.
• the trough consists of a self-supporting construction of folded and welded sheets. It is open at the top and covered with a removable grid with integrated hydraulic vibrator. The trough is screwed onto the carriage chassis with four feet. At the rear end of the trough at the inlet opening a hydraulically operated slide valve is installed, like those on the other cars. The outlet opening is located at the bottom of the trough and leads directly into the suction chamber underneath the concrete pump.
• the agitator consists of a central shaft with welded spiral segments. When worn, these spiral segments can be replaced. The drive of the agitator is hydraulic. The agitator is designed in such a way that the shotcrete is simultaneously conveyed towards the discharge opening during stirring.
• the car chassis consists of a sturdy steel construction, which forms the connection of the two bogies.
• the car chassis serves as a support for the trough and the concrete pump and absorbs the longitudinal forces on the car couplings while driving.
• the bogies of all cars of the composition consist of a stable steel structure.
• the bogies are stored via a central ball socket.
• the wheelsets are equipped with a suspension.
• the car couplings are so-called Willison® couplings, as they are common in tunneling on rail vehicles.
• the one coupling part is designed as a special extendable, by means of a hydraulic coupling cylinder. The maximum tensile load is then ensured when the extendable coupling part is in the extended state. Only in this coupling condition may the train composition be driven.
• the concrete With the direct feed unit, the concrete can be conveyed from the container 8 of the train in a closed system without loss of material directly to the concrete pump.
• the concrete container of the direct feed unit 36 can be filled with the lubricant mixture for the first concreting operation.
• This train composition is moved up to the concreting station together with the direct conveyor unit.
• the power is supplied via a cable from the pump station via the electric motor on the power supply truck and the diesel engine is switched off.
• the individual car 1.2 and also the concrete pump carriage 35 are contracted with its direct feed unit 36 with the foremost car 1 by the hydraulic cylinder is actuated at the clutches via a control valve.
• the outlet cone of the foremost carriage 1 is pushed into the inlet cone of the direct feed unit 36 and a tight connection between the two troughs is created by the rubber seal.
• the slide plates can be pivoted on the front sides of both wells, which in turn is done hydraulically via a control valve by means of the slide cylinder. This creates an open passage from trough to trough.
• the flow rate is manually controlled by the concrete pump operator at the foremost carriage 1 via the opening degree of the slider.
• the setting process or the setting time in the troughs during the return journey depends on the concrete recipe and is also adapted to the route to be covered.
• the emptying of the dirty water and the residual concrete as well as the final cleaning takes place in the MFS.
• the troughs and the discharge cone must be cleaned.
• an empty container 8 can be lifted from the car chassis.
• the fastening screws must be solved at the four feet of the container 8. Subsequently, the container 8 can be lifted by a crane with sufficient carrying capacity on the four shackles 20 (lifting tabs) which are attached to each corner of the container 8.
• the individual container 8 of the car are simply sprayed from above with water, which can be done with rotating agitator 18, so that this can be hosed from all sides. Because the container 8 are indeed accessible from above, the inner walls of the container 8 can be easily hosed by means of a hose with pressurized water. The water subsequently present in the container 8 is always kept in motion with the agitator 18, so that no concrete residues can caking on the container wall. Before the train is pulled out of the tunnel again, the clutches are first extended again. When the train comes out of the tunnel, the waste water is disposed of properly by draining it into a dedicated tub.
• the unloading is much more transparent by having at any time the overview of the level of the container 8, because they are open at the top and also completely empty.
• the cleaning and maintenance work is much easier and they are correspondingly faster to deal with.
• the containers 8 are open at the top, they can be cleaned much easier and targeted with a pressurized water jet, while in the drum car after unloading could only be injected from the end-side mouths ago water.
• a man who is positioned above the car on a catwalk and standing grid 19 arranged there the empty carts or their container in their slow pass by selectively spray while their agitators 18 are in operation.
• the water in the water-filled containers 8 is always circulated by the agitator 18, so that has formed a homogeneous wastewater mixture until dewatering, and no concrete residues on the bottom or on the side walls of the container 8 set.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Transportation (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
• Geology (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
• Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)

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• 2007
  • 2007-08-24 EP EP07785112A patent/EP2059375B1/fr active Active
  • 2007-08-24 WO PCT/CH2007/000422 patent/WO2008028307A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2007-08-24 ES ES07785112T patent/ES2385409T3/es active Active
  • 2007-08-24 PL PL07785112T patent/PL2059375T3/pl unknown
  • 2007-08-24 AT AT07785112T patent/ATE552089T1/de active
  • 2007-08-24 DK DK07785112.9T patent/DK2059375T3/da active

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