EP2052106B1 - Procédé et appareil ménager pour sécher du linge humide - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil ménager pour sécher du linge humide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2052106B1
EP2052106B1 EP07787370.1A EP07787370A EP2052106B1 EP 2052106 B1 EP2052106 B1 EP 2052106B1 EP 07787370 A EP07787370 A EP 07787370A EP 2052106 B1 EP2052106 B1 EP 2052106B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
laundry
temperature
drying
drum
moisture
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Revoked
Application number
EP07787370.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2052106A1 (fr
Inventor
Ulrich Nehring
Harald MOSCHÜTZ
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BSH Hausgeraete GmbH
Original Assignee
BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeraete GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeraete GmbH filed Critical BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeraete GmbH
Priority to PL07787370T priority Critical patent/PL2052106T3/pl
Publication of EP2052106A1 publication Critical patent/EP2052106A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F58/00—Domestic laundry dryers
    • D06F58/32—Control of operations performed in domestic laundry dryers 
    • D06F58/34—Control of operations performed in domestic laundry dryers  characterised by the purpose or target of the control
    • D06F58/36—Control of operational steps, e.g. for optimisation or improvement of operational steps depending on the condition of the laundry
    • D06F58/38—Control of operational steps, e.g. for optimisation or improvement of operational steps depending on the condition of the laundry of drying, e.g. to achieve the target humidity
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2103/00—Parameters monitored or detected for the control of domestic laundry washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2103/02—Characteristics of laundry or load
    • D06F2103/08—Humidity
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2103/00—Parameters monitored or detected for the control of domestic laundry washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2103/28—Air properties
    • D06F2103/32—Temperature
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2105/00—Systems or parameters controlled or affected by the control systems of washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2105/28—Electric heating
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2105/00—Systems or parameters controlled or affected by the control systems of washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2105/46—Drum speed; Actuation of motors, e.g. starting or interrupting
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2105/00—Systems or parameters controlled or affected by the control systems of washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2105/62—Stopping or disabling machine operation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for controlling the drying of wet laundry in a laundry drum of a domestic appliance for drying wet laundry in which hot air is generated and in which a drying process is terminated taking into account at least one moisture value or a corresponding reading of the laundry to be dried ,
  • the invention relates to a household appliance for drying damp laundry, in particular a clothes dryer or washer dryer, for controlling the drying of wet laundry by means of a hot air generated by a heater, with a laundry drum accommodating the laundry, which is driven by a motor, which together with said heating device is controllable by a control device, and with at least one measuring device which measures at least one moisture value or a corresponding measured value of the laundry to be dried for evaluation and termination of the respective drying process by the control device.
  • a washer-dryer is understood here to mean a corresponding domestic appliance in which laundry is washed and e.g. can be dried afterwards;
  • a tumble dryer is understood to mean a corresponding household appliance in which moist laundry can only be dried.
  • a current-carrying measuring device in a laundry drum or washing drum is usually used (see, for example, US Pat DE 36 42 459 C3 ).
  • the respective washing drum or washing drum mentioned measuring device is touched by the laundry to be dried.
  • the ohmic measuring resistor in the measuring device is inversely proportional to the laundry moisture.
  • the laundry In high humidity after washing and spinning, the laundry has a resistance of a few ohms, and in the dry state, the resistance is up to several megohms.
  • a program control it is possible to compare a voltage value corresponding to the respective resistance as a voltage actual value with a predetermined voltage set value, and when the voltage set value is exceeded by the voltage actual value, the drying process can be ended.
  • process variables - such as the actual elapsed time since program start, temperature values and humidity values of the laundry to be dried - are measured continuously or at least periodically several times per second.
  • predetermined threshold values depending on the program parameters entered, the type, quantity and / or initial moisture content of the laundry relating to each call of a plurality of stored process sequences is sent to the memory unit for outputting to the program control device and for processing.
  • a first reason for this problem is that measurement errors can occur during the drying process, depending on the particular type of laundry. In such cases, the respective measured value can reach a preset setpoint significantly earlier than expected and thus cause the process to be switched off with too much laundry moisture.
  • An example of such an adverse case is e.g. drying of fed anoraks. In this case, the anorak plastic fiber can dry very quickly and, in resistance measurement, provide a signal to finish the drying process even though the interior of the anorak is still wet.
  • a second reason is given by the fact that at very low loading of the laundry drum, a poor contact between the laundry items therein and the moisture sensors protruding into the laundry drum for laundry resistance can prevail and then incorrect values are passed to the associated control unit.
  • a third reason is that the residual moisture in the laundry changes rather slowly during an advanced drying process. For this reason, only a relatively inaccurate estimation of the progress of the drying process by evaluating the residual moisture values is possible under given manufacturing and measurement tolerances for the humidity sensors.
  • a threshold value for terminating the drying process can only be defined with a sufficient safety margin, which leads to a certain extension of the drying process beyond what is actually necessary. Also, this method can cause an undesirable over-drying of the laundry in fast-drying types of laundry.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to show a way, as in a method and a household appliance for drying damp laundry of the type mentioned in a relatively simple manner or with relatively little effort while avoiding one of the respective type of laundry and / or quantity Dependent over- or under-drying of the laundry, a shutdown of the household appliance after running the respective drying process can be guaranteed at the desired time in each case.
  • the above-described object is achieved in a method of the type mentioned in the present invention by additionally determining a drying value of the laundry during or after reaching a predetermined moisture value or a corresponding measured value, the respective laundry type and / or the respective loading state of the laundry drum corresponding temperature size is used for targeted termination of drying.
  • the invention has the advantage that it is ensured in a particularly simple manner that depending on the particular type and amount of laundry over- or under-drying is avoided and that the respective drying process can be ended at the respectively desired right time, so then when the laundry in question is dried in the desired manner. This is achieved by additionally using the mentioned temperature variable in correlation to a specific moisture value or a corresponding measured value.
  • the invention is based on the finding that the temperature of the exhaust air flowing out of the laundry drum after an initial increase caused by the heating of the laundry and the appliance over the course of the drying process shows only a slight change and increases significantly again towards the end of the drying process. It is assumed that the temperature of the supply air flowing into the laundry drum is kept substantially constant, as it also corresponds to common practice. In a case in which such constancy is not given, what is said applies the difference between the temperatures of the supply air and the exhaust air.
  • the slight change in the temperature of the exhaust air or the difference over large parts of the drying process is due to the fact that a steady state is formed in which the moisture is evaporated from the surface of the fibers of the laundry to be dried and removed with the exhaust air.
  • An expedient development of the invention is to evaluate the absolute values of the drying temperature. This brings with it the advantage of a particularly simple measurement.
  • the temperature of the exhaust air at the drum outlet of the tumble dryer from the beginning of the drying phase preferably be measured periodically.
  • variations in the heating, the mains voltage, the loading of the laundry drum, the ambient temperature and the maintenance status of the device are taken into account.
  • the gradient of the drying temperature profile is evaluated.
  • the advantage is achieved that the dryness state of the laundry in the laundry drum can be detected even more precisely.
  • the temperature changes of the exhaust air are detected at the drum outlet, and the associated measured values are stored for evaluation in an existing control device. These values representing actual values can then be compared in the respective control device with the predetermined temperature setpoint values corresponding to the respective type of laundry and / or the respective loading state of the laundry drum.
  • the above object is achieved in a household appliance for drying damp laundry by means of a hot air generated by a heater, with a washing drum receiving the laundry, which is drivable by a motor which is controllable together with said heating means by a control device, and at least a measuring device which measures at least one moisture value or a corresponding measured value of the laundry to be dried for evaluation and termination of the respective drying operation by the control device, according to the invention achieved in that in addition a temperature-measuring device is provided by the one when drying the laundry during or after reaching a predetermined moisture value or a measured value corresponding to this, the respective size of the laundry and / or the respective loading state of the laundry drum corresponding temperature size of the control device for targeted Ending the drying is evaluable.
  • the temperature value of the particular drying temperature absolute value is to be processed by the control device. This results in an advantageous manner with a particularly low measurement effort.
  • the temperature variable to be processed by the control device is the gradient of a drying temperature profile given by at least two temperature measured values.
  • This can be the Control device to control a drying process in response to changes in temperature even more accurate. After a required moisture limit value of the laundry is reached, namely, as will be seen below, the temperature curve increases even more, and only in this area, the gradient of the relevant temperature profile is determined as the actual size, with a predetermined size representing predetermined temperature can be compared.
  • the temperature variable is derived from exhaust air emerging from the laundry drum.
  • the temperature measuring device is in particular placed on the laundry drum outlet, and it functions as a temperature sensor for measuring the exhaust air of the clothes dryer exiting through an exhaust air duct.
  • the measured values of the exhaust air temperature provide the additional information about the dryness state of the laundry in the tumble dryer.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a washing or drying machine 1, which essentially comprises a washing drum 2 for receiving each laundry to be dried, the laundry drum 2 in rotation staggering motor 3 and a controlling this control device 4, which also control a heater 5 allowed.
  • This heater 5 is in Fig. 1 as heating resistor 5 indicated, which is connected with its remote from the control device 4 end to a terminal 6, which is connected for example to the neutral of a mains AC voltage source (not shown).
  • the control device 4 allows the connected to the end of the heating resistor 5 to supply a phase voltage of said AC mains voltage source, for example via a normally open contact of a mechanical relay.
  • the heated by this or this heated air by means of a fan blade, not shown here, also driven by the motor 3 is introduced into the laundry drum 2 as a hot air stream. With this stream of hot air is then dried in the laundry drum 2 located wet laundry. The moisture of the laundry to be dried with leading hot air flow is then removed as exhaust air from the laundry or dryer 1.
  • a resistance measuring device 7 In the laundry drum 2 is a resistance measuring device 7 with two spaced-apart electrodes 8, 9. With this resistance measuring device 7, a respective moisture value of the laundry drum 2 located in the laundry to be dried corresponding resistance measurement value is determined. With wet laundry, the resistance to be measured between the two measuring electrodes 8, 9 is of the order of a few ohms, and in the case of dry laundry the relevant resistance value is up to several megohms. It should be noted at this point that, in principle, the moisture value of the laundry in each case located in the laundry drum 2 can also be measured by means of a moisture meter; in the Fig. 1 However, shown arrangement with the resistance-measuring device 7 is preferably used because of its simplicity and robustness in washing or tumble driers.
  • a temperature sensor 10 is further provided, which is a temperature-measuring device with which, as will be explained below, for example, the temperature of the exiting the laundry drum 2 exhaust air is determined.
  • the two measuring electrodes 8, 9 comprehensive resistance measuring device 7 is according to Fig. 1 connected in series with an ohmic resistor 11 to a DC voltage source 12, which outputs a DC voltage of, for example, 1.5V.
  • the resistance measuring device 7 and the ohmic resistor 11 thus constitute a voltage divider, with the resistance measuring device 7, a measuring device 13 is connected, which is in the present case, a voltage-measuring device.
  • This voltage measuring device measures the respective voltage drop across the resistance measuring device 7 from the DC voltage source 12. This voltage corresponds to the respective moisture value of the laundry to be dried located in the laundry drum 2.
  • the relevant voltage-measuring device 13 is the output side one of the respectively measured voltage corresponding output signal, for example, a corresponding output voltage from which is supplied to the one input of a comparator unit 14, which is supplied to a voltage applied to a terminal 15 threshold voltage at another input.
  • This comparator unit 14 may be designed so that when the threshold voltage is not exceeded by the output voltage of the voltage measuring device 13 output side, for example, a binary "0" is issued and that when exceeding the threshold voltage by the aforementioned output voltage of the voltage measuring device 13 output a binary signal "1" is delivered.
  • the respective binary signals "0" and "1" are fed to the control device 4 on the input side.
  • the said control device 4 is on the input side still connected to a program selector 16, by its setting, for example, different drying programs and thus running times of the engine 3 and heating times or types of the heater 5 can be set. With the relevant setting, the drying of different types of laundry and / or different loading conditions of the laundry drum 2 can be taken into account and corresponding setpoint values of the control device 4 for a targeted shutdown of the respective drying process can be supplied. In the control device then takes place a target value-actual value comparison between a respective predetermined setpoint temperature variable and the actual measured temperature measured in each case, as will be seen below in more detail.
  • the relative laundry moisture WF in the laundry drum 2 according to Fig. 1 70% linen to be dried.
  • the temperature ⁇ at this time is at an ambient temperature of, for example, 25 ° C.
  • the temperature 9 increases to a time of about 80 minutes only by about 20 ° C, while the relative laundry moisture WF has dropped according to the moisture profile 17 up to this time (80 min) to a few percent and only slightly changed.
  • the relative laundry moisture WF of the laundry to be dried contained in the laundry drum 2 is not directly measured by a humidity meter, but a measured value corresponding to the respective humidity between the measuring electrodes 8 and 9 of the resistance measuring device 7 is determined.
  • the relevant reading is according to Fig. 1 a voltage measured value which is determined by means of the voltage measuring device 13, the output signal of which is then compared or evaluated in the comparator unit 14 with a threshold value.
  • the comparator unit 14 emits a binary signal "1" indicating the exceeding of the relevant threshold value by the output signal output by the voltage measuring device 13, for example at a point in time to which the voltage measuring device 13 a voltage value is measured, the relative laundry moisture WF in Fig. 2 in the moisture range indicated therein 20 corresponds - in this humidity range 20, the relative laundry moisture WF, for example, 10%.
  • the control device 4 With the delivery of the aforementioned binary signal "1" from the comparator unit 14, the control device 4 according to Fig. 1 causes the determined by the temperature sensor 10 in the exhaust air of the laundry drum 2 temperature 9 for a targeted termination of the drying use. In this case, either the absolute value of the temperature ⁇ determined by the temperature sensor 10 or the gradient of the temperature profile 18 according to FIG Fig. 2 be evaluated by the controller 4.
  • this temperature profile 18 it has been shown that towards the end of the drying process, ie when the moisture remaining in the laundry corresponds to a customary desirable residual moisture, it has a temperature rise region 21.
  • This increase 21 thus marks a time range in which the drying process should be stopped, and this with a significantly greater clarity than would be possible under evaluation of the laundry moisture 20.
  • the necessary temperature evaluation is carried out by the control device 4, namely by carrying out a setpoint-actual value comparison between a set by the program selector 16 according to the respective type of laundry and / or the respective load state of the laundry drum 2 setpoint temperature and the determined by the temperature sensor 10 actual value -Temperature.
  • the temperature increase 21 is determined by measuring and evaluating the temperature of the exhaust air, in order to then terminate the drying in the tumble dryer 1 in a targeted manner.
  • the gradient of the temperature profile in the control device 4 can be set in this by the program selector 16 of the respective type of laundry and / or the respective load state of the laundry drum 2 corresponding setpoint temperature gradient.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Washing Machine And Dryer (AREA)
  • Detail Structures Of Washing Machines And Dryers (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Procédé de pilotage du séchage de linge humide dans un tambour à linge (2) d'un appareil ménager pour sécher du linge humide (1), dans lequel de l'air chaud est produit et dans lequel un processus de séchage est terminé en tenant compte d'au moins une valeur d'humidité ou d'une valeur de mesure du linge à sécher correspondant à cette dernière, dans lequel une grandeur de température (21) pour l'arrêt ciblé du séchage et correspondant au type de linge respectif et/ou à l'état de charge respectif du tambour à linge est en outre utilisée lors du séchage du linge lors de ou après l'atteinte d'une valeur d'humidité prédéfinie ou d'une valeur de mesure correspondant à cette dernière, caractérisé en ce qu'un gradient de l'évolution de la température de séchage est évalué comme grandeur de température (21; 22 ; 23).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la grandeur de température (21) est déterminée dans l'air sortant qui s'échappe du tambour à linge (2).
  3. Appareil ménager pour sécher du linge humide (1) au moyen d'air chaud produit à l'aide d'un dispositif de chauffage (5), avec un tambour à linge (2), destiné à recevoir le linge, actionnable par un moteur (3), lui-même pilotable conjointement au dit dispositif de chauffage (5) par un dispositif de commande (4) et avec au moins un dispositif de mesure (8, 9, 13) qui mesure au moins une valeur d'humidité, ou une valeur de mesure correspondant à cette dernière, du linge à sécher pour une évaluation par le dispositif de commande (4), dans lequel un dispositif de mesure de la température (10) est en outre prévu, dont une grandeur de température (21) correspondant au type de linge respectif et/ou à l'état de charge respectif du tambour à linge peut être évaluée par le dispositif de commande (4) pour l'arrêt ciblé du séchage durant le séchage du linge lors de ou après l'atteinte d'une valeur d'humidité (20) prédéfinie ou d'une valeur de mesure correspondant à cette dernière, caractérisé en ce qu'un gradient de l'évolution de la température de séchage donnée par au moins deux valeurs de mesure de la température doit être traité comme grandeur de température (21) par le dispositif de commande (4).
  4. Appareil ménager selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de mesure de la température (10) est prévu pour mesurer la grandeur de température (21) dans l'air sortant qui s'échappe du tambour à linge (2).
EP07787370.1A 2006-08-09 2007-07-11 Procédé et appareil ménager pour sécher du linge humide Revoked EP2052106B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL07787370T PL2052106T3 (pl) 2006-08-09 2007-07-11 Sposób i urządzenie domowe do suszenia wilgotnej bielizny

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006037239A DE102006037239A1 (de) 2006-08-09 2006-08-09 Verfahren und Wäschetrockner bzw. Waschtrockner zum Steuern des Trocknens von feuchter Wäsche
PCT/EP2007/057096 WO2008017565A1 (fr) 2006-08-09 2007-07-11 Procédé et appareil ménager pour sécher du linge humide

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2052106A1 EP2052106A1 (fr) 2009-04-29
EP2052106B1 true EP2052106B1 (fr) 2013-07-03

Family

ID=38606609

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07787370.1A Revoked EP2052106B1 (fr) 2006-08-09 2007-07-11 Procédé et appareil ménager pour sécher du linge humide

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US20090313848A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2052106B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR20090036577A (fr)
CN (1) CN101501266B (fr)
DE (1) DE102006037239A1 (fr)
EA (1) EA012994B1 (fr)
PL (1) PL2052106T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008017565A1 (fr)

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US9499934B2 (en) 2013-04-24 2016-11-22 Whirlpool Corporation Laundry treating appliances and methods of controlling the same to determine an end of-cycle condition
DE102015201831A1 (de) 2015-02-03 2016-08-04 BSH Hausgeräte GmbH Verfahren zur Ermittlung von Wäscheeigenschaften und hierfür geeigneter Kondensationstrockner
CN105088726B (zh) * 2015-05-29 2018-03-16 无锡小天鹅股份有限公司 洗衣机和洗衣机的烘干控制方法
DE102015217667A1 (de) 2015-09-15 2017-03-16 E.G.O. Elektro-Gerätebau GmbH Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Wäschetrockners
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DE19728197A1 (de) * 1997-07-02 1999-01-07 Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete Verfahren zur Erkennung unzulässiger Betriebszustände in einem Wäschetrockner sowie Wäschetrockner mit einem solchen Erkennungsverfahren
FR2772898B1 (fr) * 1997-12-19 2000-03-17 Esswein Sa Procede de determination de l'evolution du sechage dans un processus de sechage, et machine de mise en oeuvre
DE19842644A1 (de) * 1998-09-17 2000-03-23 Bsh Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete Verfahren zur Überwachung des Trocknungsluftstromes in einem Haushaltwäschetrockner sowie nach diesem Verfahren arbeitender Haushaltwäschetrockner
DE19939273A1 (de) * 1999-08-19 2001-02-22 Bsh Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete Verfahren zur Ermittlung der voraussichtlichen Laufzeit eines Trocknungsvorganges in Wäschetrocknern mit feuchtegesteuerten Trocknungsprogrammen
KR20020062446A (ko) * 2001-01-20 2002-07-26 엘지전자주식회사 배기식 건조기의 건조도 감지 장치 및 이를 이용한 제어방법
DE10103905A1 (de) * 2001-01-30 2002-08-01 T E M Technologische Entwicklu Hygienisch einwandfreie Trocknung von Wäsche unter Einsatz von Ozonisatoren
DE10200975C2 (de) * 2001-03-02 2003-08-28 Whirlpool Co Verfahren zum Verändern des Programmablaufes bei einem Haushaltswäschetrockner
DE10134971A1 (de) * 2001-07-24 2003-02-06 Kannegiesser H Gmbh Co Verfahren zum Trocknen von Wäsche
DE10162923A1 (de) * 2001-12-20 2003-07-03 Bsh Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Trocknen von Textilien
US7005618B2 (en) * 2003-06-27 2006-02-28 General Electric Company Clothes dryer apparatus and method
US20050132599A1 (en) * 2003-12-18 2005-06-23 Lg Electronics Inc. Drying method of washing machine and apparatus thereof

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Publication number Publication date
US20090313848A1 (en) 2009-12-24
CN101501266B (zh) 2013-01-09
EP2052106A1 (fr) 2009-04-29
DE102006037239A1 (de) 2008-02-14
CN101501266A (zh) 2009-08-05
KR20090036577A (ko) 2009-04-14
WO2008017565A1 (fr) 2008-02-14
PL2052106T3 (pl) 2013-12-31
EA012994B1 (ru) 2010-02-26
EA200970183A1 (ru) 2009-10-30

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