EP1938162A1 - Procede et dispositif pour compenser des ecarts de position et de forme - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif pour compenser des ecarts de position et de forme

Info

Publication number
EP1938162A1
EP1938162A1 EP06805438A EP06805438A EP1938162A1 EP 1938162 A1 EP1938162 A1 EP 1938162A1 EP 06805438 A EP06805438 A EP 06805438A EP 06805438 A EP06805438 A EP 06805438A EP 1938162 A1 EP1938162 A1 EP 1938162A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
target
workpiece
program
shape
actual
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP06805438A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Arndt GLÄBER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MTU Aero Engines AG
Original Assignee
MTU Aero Engines GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MTU Aero Engines GmbH filed Critical MTU Aero Engines GmbH
Publication of EP1938162A1 publication Critical patent/EP1938162A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/401—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by control arrangements for measuring, e.g. calibration and initialisation, measuring workpiece for machining purposes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q15/00—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work
    • B23Q15/20—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work before or after the tool acts upon the workpiece
    • B23Q15/22—Control or regulation of position of tool or workpiece
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/50—Machine tool, machine tool null till machine tool work handling
    • G05B2219/50057—Compensation error by probing test, machined piece, post or pre process
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/50—Machine tool, machine tool null till machine tool work handling
    • G05B2219/50063—Probe, measure, verify workpiece, feedback measured values

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for compensating for deviations in position and / or shape in NC-controlled metal-cutting machine tools and to an NC-controlled metal-cutting production machine with a device for compensating for deviations in the position and / or shape of workpieces.
  • the existing material residual stresses of a workpiece are removed by the milling, then it often leads to warping or warping, which can take on significant proportions depending on the component geometry and lead to the fact that the workpiece geometry is outside the manufacturing tolerance. Furthermore, the tool and / or the workpiece is forced by the machining forces from its desired position.
  • the size of the Abdrangung depends essentially on the processing power and the rigidity of the overall system consisting of workpiece, tool and machine.
  • NC-controlled metal-cutting production machines are known from the prior art.
  • the NC programs are nominally preprogrammed in the creation with the appropriate parameters such as the position and geometry data of the workpiece to be machined and other data, such as for feed and cutting speed.
  • US 4,660,148 discloses input modules which are intended to permit certain data input to the on-site NC machine by an operator, including input of non-variable data and geometric data of the workpiece. A consideration of the position and / or shape deviations due to material and / or tool properties does not take place.
  • the disadvantages of the prior art are avoided and provided a cost-effective solution with reduced manufacturing costs.
  • the position and / or shape deviations described above are as a rule systematic errors which are compensated according to the invention by returning the desired-actual difference to an NC program controlling the production device.
  • deformations caused by the release of material tensions arise compensated.
  • transitions between tools with different Abdrangung can be compensated.
  • Form deviations that result from uneven finishing allowance can also be compensated, ie pre-finishing for a constant oversize situation during sizing is no longer necessary. As a result, work sequences can be significantly reduced.
  • a method for compensating for deviations in position and / or shape in NC-controlled metal-cutting machines comprising the following steps: a) clamping a new workpiece b) machining the workpiece with the nominal data of the NC program; c) detecting the target-actual deviation; d) optimization of the NC program with the acquisition data from c); e) repeating the iteration steps a) to d) until required position and / or shape tolerances are achieved.
  • the control loop is arranged virtually outside the NC machine.
  • the passages to be corrected on the component are first milled nominal. Subsequently, the target-actual deviations are detected and fed back into the NC program. With the optimized NC program, the next component is then manufactured. This process repeats itself iteratively until the required position and shape tolerances are reached.
  • An alternative method according to the invention for compensating for deviations in position and shape in NC-controlled metal-cutting production machines comprises the following steps: a) preparing a workpiece wherein the allowance is greater than the maximum expected position and / or shape deviation; b) detecting the target-actual deviation; c) optimization of the NC program with the acquisition data; d) Finishing the component with modified NC program.
  • the closed loop is passed through in this process within the NC machine when processing an individual component.
  • the component is processed in a first step in such a way that the component sections to be corrected are initially only pretreated.
  • the finishing allowance must be greater than the maximum expected position and shape deviations.
  • the target-actual deviation is detected for the pre-illuminated areas of corresponding measuring devices within the machine.
  • the deviations determined are then returned to the NC program in a further step and automatically implemented in this.
  • the optimized finishing program then finishes the component.
  • this process is carried out in the same way, so that non-systematic, individual errors of a single workpiece can be compensated for here as well.
  • the NC program is optimized on one or iteratively on several components. If the target / actual deviation is within the permissible tolerance, then all following components can be processed with the same NC program without further optimization. With the internal control loop, the program optimization is carried out specifically for each component.
  • An advantageous development of the method according to the invention provides that the detection of the desired-actual deviation takes place with a tactile or an optical measuring method.
  • all measuring or test methods can be used, with which the deviation in the required quality and quantity can be determined.
  • the detection with tactile systems such as: measuring machine or probe within the machine, the optical detection (laser triangulation, planar optical measuring systems) outside or inside the machine come as a possible measurement method into consideration.
  • a further advantageous development of the method according to the invention provides that the feedback of the desired-actual deviation is effected in such a way that a correction vector is assigned to each support point of the tool path.
  • the feedback of the setpoint-actual deviation into the NC program is carried out in such a way that a correction vector is assigned to each support point of the toolpath.
  • the correction vector consists of the amount and the direction of the target-actual deviation.
  • Each support point of the tool path is then shifted by the associated correction vector.
  • the correction vectors are determined by taking the detected actual geometry, i. the determined measurement data, with the target geometry, for example, determined from a CAD model, related. It is of crucial importance that the respectively associated areas or interpolation points are offset against each other.
  • an advantageous development of the method according to the invention provides that the unambiguous relationship between associated regions is defined by synchronizing marks which are set between regions with a large change in curvature. Synchronization marks must always be placed between areas between which the curvature changes greatly. If all measurement points, ie the actual geometry, are related to the corresponding points on the CAD model, ie the target geometry, a vector field is obtained with the corresponding interpolation points of the NC program can be moved. The unambiguous relation between the correction vectors of the vector field and the NC program is produced by the same synchronous marks which were already used in the actual geometry and the target geometry.
  • An NC-controlled cutting production machine with a device for compensating for deviations in position and / or shape of workpieces has the following: a control unit which has a memory unit for storing a desired geometry of a workpiece, a measuring device for detecting the actual geometry a workpiece and a computing unit for calculating the target-actual deviation, which controls the further processing of the workpiece according to the target-actual deviation or independently optimizes the NC program.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the NC-controlled metal-cutting production machine is an NC-controlled milling machine.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the NC-controlled metal-cutting production machine has tactile or optical measuring devices for detecting the actual geometry.
  • the tactile or optical measuring devices are advantageously integrated in the actual cutting machine, but also here the measuring devices can be mounted outside.
  • FIGS. shows: 1 shows a flow chart of a first embodiment of a method according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a flow chart of a second embodiment of a method according to the invention
  • Fig. 5 shows a third example of position and shape deviations when milling a flow profile.
  • FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a first embodiment of a method according to the invention for compensating for deviations in position and shape in an NC-controlled metal-cutting machine.
  • the control loop takes place outside the NC machine.
  • the passages to be corrected on the component are first milled nominal. Subsequently, the target-actual deviations are detected and fed back into the NC program. With the optimized NC program, the next component is then manufactured. This process repeats itself iteratively until the required position and shape tolerances are reached.
  • the NC program is optimized on one or iteratively on several components. If the target / actual deviation is within the permissible tolerance, then all following components can be processed with the same NC program without further optimization.
  • FIG. 2 shows a flow chart of a second embodiment of a erfindunmotheren method for compensating for position and shape deviations in an NC-controlled milling machine.
  • the closed loop is passed through in this process within the NC machine during the processing of each component.
  • the component clamped in the processing machine is pre-exposed after the start of the process in a first step.
  • the finishing allowance must be greater than the maximum expected deviations in position and form, as otherwise the workpiece will be rejected.
  • the pre-illuminated areas of corresponding measuring devices within the machine in the case of the present exemplary embodiment of automatic push buttons, the target-actual deviation is detected.
  • the determined measurement results are then fed back to the NC program in a further step.
  • the component In the event that the target-actual deviation is within the allowable tolerance, ie in the case of a Yes branch, the component is finished. In the event that the target / actual deviation is not within the permissible tolerance, ie with a no-branch, the deviation is automatically implemented in the NC program and pass through another finishing pass. With the optimized finishing program, the component is then finished. For the next component, this procedure is followed in the same way.
  • FIGS. 3 to 5 show a few examples of deviations in position and shape during the milling of a flow profile, as occur, for example, in blade production for turbomachines.
  • the desired geometry of a flow profile 1 is shown with a dashed line.
  • the dotted line represents the actual geometry.
  • the deviations between the actual geometry and the target geometry are represented by correction vectors.
  • synchronization points are shown in the region of the profile nose and the profile trailing edge.
  • Figure 3 shows a circumferentially constant shape deviation, ie the deviations of the actual geometry of the target geometry are at all Make the profile contour the same size. At all points of the geometry there is an excess.
  • FIG. 4 shows an example of a flow profile with shape deviations that are not constant over the entire contour. There is an undersize in the suction area of the profile, i. the actual geometry is in places within the target geometry.
  • FIG. 5 shows an example of a flow profile with position and shape deviations.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Numerical Control (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé servant à compenser des écarts de position et/ou de forme dans des machines de production par enlèvement de copeaux à commande numérique. Le procédé selon l'invention présente les étapes suivantes : a) fixation d'une nouvelle pièce ; b) usinage de la pièce au moyen des données nominales du programme de commande numérique ; c) détection de l'écart entre la valeur de consigne et la valeur réelle ; d) optimisation du programme de commande numérique au moyen des données acquises ; e) répétition des étapes itératives a) à d) jusqu'à ce que les tolérances de position et/ou de forme requises soient atteintes. L'invention concerne également une machine de production par enlèvement de copeaux à commande numérique, qui comprend un dispositif pour la compensation d'écarts de position et/ou de forme dans des pièces. L'invention permet de remédier aux inconvénients de l'état de la technique et fournit une solution économique réduisant les frais de fabrication.
EP06805438A 2005-10-20 2006-10-17 Procede et dispositif pour compenser des ecarts de position et de forme Ceased EP1938162A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005050205A DE102005050205A1 (de) 2005-10-20 2005-10-20 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Kompensieren von Lage-und Formabweichungen
PCT/DE2006/001832 WO2007045223A1 (fr) 2005-10-20 2006-10-17 Procede et dispositif pour compenser des ecarts de position et de forme

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1938162A1 true EP1938162A1 (fr) 2008-07-02

Family

ID=37698031

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06805438A Ceased EP1938162A1 (fr) 2005-10-20 2006-10-17 Procede et dispositif pour compenser des ecarts de position et de forme

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US8014892B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1938162A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2625402C (fr)
DE (1) DE102005050205A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007045223A1 (fr)

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CA2625402A1 (fr) 2007-04-26
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US8014892B2 (en) 2011-09-06
CA2625402C (fr) 2016-09-20

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