EP1907780B1 - Chamber setting with improved expansion joints and bricks for making same - Google Patents

Chamber setting with improved expansion joints and bricks for making same Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1907780B1
EP1907780B1 EP06778845A EP06778845A EP1907780B1 EP 1907780 B1 EP1907780 B1 EP 1907780B1 EP 06778845 A EP06778845 A EP 06778845A EP 06778845 A EP06778845 A EP 06778845A EP 1907780 B1 EP1907780 B1 EP 1907780B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
brick
dimension
recess
face
projection
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EP06778845A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1907780A2 (en
EP1907780B9 (en
Inventor
Christian Jonville
Jean Bigot
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Rio Tinto France SAS
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Aluminium Pechiney SA
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Priority to SI200630139T priority Critical patent/SI1907780T1/en
Publication of EP1907780A2 publication Critical patent/EP1907780A2/en
Publication of EP1907780B1 publication Critical patent/EP1907780B1/en
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Publication of EP1907780B9 publication Critical patent/EP1907780B9/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B13/00—Furnaces with both stationary charge and progression of heating, e.g. of ring type, of type in which segmental kiln moves over stationary charge
    • F27B13/06—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of this type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B13/00—Furnaces with both stationary charge and progression of heating, e.g. of ring type, of type in which segmental kiln moves over stationary charge
    • F27B13/06—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of this type
    • F27B13/08—Casings
    • F27B13/10—Arrangements of linings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/0003—Linings or walls
    • F27D1/0023—Linings or walls comprising expansion joints or means to restrain expansion due to thermic flows
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/04—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs characterised by the form, e.g. shape of the bricks or blocks used
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/04—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs characterised by the form, e.g. shape of the bricks or blocks used
    • F27D1/042—Bricks shaped for use in regenerators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of so-called "ring furnaceā€ furnaces for firing carbonaceous blocks, and in particular open-type chamber furnaces.
  • the invention relates more particularly to the walls of these furnaces (in particular the hollow partitions and the transverse walls) and the bricks used in these partitions.
  • Open chamber type open fire furnaces are well known in themselves and described in particular in the French patent applications.
  • FR 2,600,152 (corresponding to the US patent US 4,859,175 ) and FR 2,535,834 (corresponding to the British application GB 2 129 918 ).
  • a revolving furnace comprises a succession of aligned chambers, each chamber being delimited by transverse walls and comprising a plurality of elongate cells separated by hollow heat walls.
  • Chamber partitions are formed of refractory bricks, such as those described in international applications WO 95/22666 and WO 97/35150 .
  • the subject of the invention is a revolving furnace comprising a plurality of internal partitions forming a series of distinct cooking chambers and cavities inside these chambers, said partitions comprising transverse walls for separating said chambers and hollow partitions.
  • at least one of said inner partitions being formed of a plurality of refractory bricks including at least first, second and third bricks, each having at least two opposite side faces disposed parallel to the long direction; L of the partition, two faces of opposite ends and two opposing assembly faces and each comprising at least one planar surface, the first and second bricks being located above or below the third brick and placed so their end face facing each other are separated by a space of width J, characterized in that the first brick has at least one first recess on its assembly face opposite the third brick, said recess having a dimension E in the long direction L of the partition , in that the third brick has at least one first boss on its assembly face facing the first brick, said first boss having a dimension B in the long direction L of the partition and being engaged
  • Said space of width J forms an expansion joint, which absorbs the relative displacements between the first brick and the third brick in the long direction of the partition, which occur when the bricks expand or contract under the effect of variations in oven temperature during use, and thus avoids the constraint of the partition. Since the relative displacements are limited by the stop on the joint side, the cohesion and the strength of the partition are maintained during the movements caused by the expansion and contraction of the bricks.
  • the boss and the recess according to the invention act as flexible locking elements of the bricks.
  • the subject of the invention is also a brick made of refractory material, which can be used in internal walls of a rotating-fire furnace, comprising at least two opposite lateral faces, a first end face, a second face of end opposite the first end face, a first assembly face comprising at least one planar surface and at least one first boss and a second assembly face opposite to the first assembly face and comprising at least one plane surface and at least one first recess, said boss having a dimension B in a direction parallel to said side faces, said recess having a dimension E in a direction parallel to said side faces, characterized in that the dimension E is larger than the dimension B, and in that said recess is spaced apart by a determined distance Se from the first end face and has a substantially flat bottom of determined width.
  • the first recess is typically substantially opposite said first boss.
  • Said first boss is typically spaced apart by a determined distance Sb from the first end face.
  • the center of said first recess is offset by a distance Cp from the center of said
  • said first boss is a first straight bead, which is arranged perpendicular to said side faces and whose width is equal to said dimension B
  • said first recess is a first straight groove, which is disposed perpendicularly to said side faces and whose width is equal to said dimension E.
  • the brick further comprises a second straight groove, disposed perpendicularly to said side faces, and the width E 'of this second groove is smaller than said dimension E.
  • the brick further comprises a second straight groove disposed perpendicularly to said side faces, and the width E 'of said second groove is substantially equal to said dimension E.
  • the second groove is typically on the same assembly face as the first straight groove, but may possibly be located on the opposite assembly face.
  • the second straight groove is typically spaced apart by a determined distance Se 'from the second end face.
  • the brick according to these variants typically comprises, in addition, a second bead, arranged perpendicularly to said side faces and located on the same assembly face as the first bead.
  • the width B 'of this second bead is typically substantially equal to said dimension B.
  • the second bead is typically spaced apart by a determined distance Sb' from the second end face.
  • the subject of the invention is also the use of a rotating-fire oven according to the invention for cooking carbonaceous blocks.
  • the figure 1 illustrates a perspective view, partially exploded, of an open-chamber rotating fire furnace.
  • the figure 2 illustrious, seen from above, a span of furnace with rotating fire.
  • the figure 3 illustrates an assembly of bricks according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • the figure 4 illustrates an advantageous embodiment of the bosses and recesses of refractory bricks according to the invention.
  • the figure 5 illustrates the structure of a transverse wall of an oven according to the invention seen in perspective
  • the figures 6 and 7 illustrate refractory bricks according to one embodiment of the invention, viewed in different directions.
  • a rotating light furnace comprises a succession of chambers (10, 11, 12, ...) arranged in series.
  • Each chamber comprises an alternation in the transverse direction (Y axis) of cells (2) of elongate shape and hollow partitions (3) arranged in the longitudinal direction (X axis).
  • the dotted line (1) of the figure 2 delineates one of the rooms and shows that she comprises a plurality of cells (2) arranged in parallel and separated by hollow partitions (3).
  • the transverse walls (4) separate the rooms from each other.
  • the cells (2) are delimited by hollow partitions (3), pillars (5) of transverse walls (4) and a floor (25).
  • the hollow partitions (3) and the pillars (5) of transverse walls (4) form substantially vertical walls; the floor (25) forms a substantially horizontal bottom.
  • the hollow partitions (3) comprise thin side walls (9) generally separated by spacers (7) and baffles (8).
  • the ends of the hollow partitions (3) are embedded in notches (5 ') of the transverse walls (4).
  • the indentations (5 ') are provided with openings or "windows" (6) to allow the passage of gases flowing in the hollow partitions (3) from one chamber to the next.
  • the hollow partitions (3) are provided with access means (20) called ā€œopenersā€ which serve in particular to introduce heating means (such as burner injectors) (not shown) or suction nozzles (23). connected to a pipe (21) and connected to a main pipe (22) along the furnace.
  • heating means such as burner injectors
  • suction nozzles 23
  • the rotating fire furnaces therefore comprise a plurality of internal partitions (3, 4) which form a series of separate cooking chambers and cavities within these chambers.
  • These internal partitions (3, 4) are generally essentially made of refractory bricks (15, 16, 17).
  • the bricks are typically based on alumina and silica.
  • the bricks can be directly in contact (ā€œdry" mounting) or a sealing material can be interposed between the bricks.
  • Several of these bricks have bosses and recesses of substantially complementary shapes that fit into each other, thus ensuring a blockage of bricks and a stabilization of the partition.
  • a rotating furnace typically comprises two parallel spans, each having a length of the order of one hundred meters.
  • the spans are generally delimited by lateral walls (24).
  • a gas flow consisting of air, heating gas, vapors released by the carbonaceous blocks or combustion gases (or, most often, a mixture thereof) flows, in the long direction of the furnace (X axis), in a succession of hollow heating partitions (3) which communicate with each other.
  • This gas stream is blown upstream of the active chambers and is sucked downstream thereof.
  • the heat produced by the combustion of the gases is transmitted to the carbonaceous blocks (31) contained in the cells (2), which causes their cooking.
  • a firing cycle of carbonaceous blocks typically comprises the charging of the cells of this chamber with green carbonaceous blocks, the heating of this chamber up to the firing temperature of the carbonaceous blocks (typically from 1100 to 1200.degree. ), cooling the chamber to a temperature that allows removal of the burned carbonaceous blocks and cooling of the chamber to room temperature.
  • the principle of the rotating light is to successively carry out the heating cycle on the furnace chambers by a displacement of the heating means (such as burner ramps) and suction means.
  • a given chamber passes successively by periods of preheating, cooking and cooling.
  • the figure 1 shows a typical stack of carbon blocks (31) in a cell (2), with a coating powder or "dust" (32), during a cooking operation thereof.
  • the dust is typically based on carbonaceous powder or silica.
  • the rise in temperature of the oven during a cooking cycle causes the expansion of the interior partitions (3, 4) of the oven.
  • the hollow partitions (3) are typically embedded in the notches (5 ') of the transverse walls (4) so as to be able to move without significant hindrance in the notches during the climbs and descents in oven temperature.
  • a space called "expansion jointā€
  • This space generally contains a compressible refractory material, such as a refractory ceramic fiber, in order to make it waterproof and to prevent the introduction of dust between the hollow partitions (3) and the transverse walls (4).
  • expansion joints 13, 14 formed by empty spacing between some bricks.
  • planar surface (154) of the first assembly face (153) is parallel to the planar surface (157) of the second assembly face (156).
  • These bricks have a length L1 (defined as being the distance between the two opposite end faces (152, 1S2 ')), a width L2 (defined as being the distance between the two lateral faces (151)) and a thickness L3 (defined as the distance between the planar surfaces (154, 157) of the two opposing assembly faces (153, 156)).
  • L1 from 200 to 400 mm
  • L2 from 200 to 300 mm
  • L3 from 80 to 150 mm when the bricks are intended for transverse walls (4 )
  • the bosses (155) of a brick are inserted into recesses (158) corresponding to another brick, located above or below the partition, which consolidates the partition.
  • Each of the bosses (155) has a dimension B in a direction parallel to the lateral faces (151) of the brick.
  • Dimension B can be different for each boss.
  • the dimension B is typically given with respect to the junction line of each boss (155) with the flat surface (154) of the corresponding assembly face (153) or with respect to a line equivalent to the junction line.
  • each of the determined recesses (158) has a dimension E in a direction parallel to the side faces (151) of the brick.
  • the dimension E can be different for each boss.
  • the dimension E is typically given with respect to the junction line of each recess (158) with the flat surface (157) of the corresponding joining face (156) or with respect to a line equivalent to the connecting line.
  • the dimension E or E 'of at least one of said recesses (158d, 158'd) is greater than the corresponding dimension B or B' of the corresponding boss (155d, 155'd) of an adjacent brick, generally placed in below thereof, and the edge of the or each recess (158d, 158'd) is spaced a determined distance Se or Se '(respectively) from at least one of said end faces (152, 152 '), namely at least the end face located on the side of said space (13, 14), so as to form a stop.
  • the determined distances Se and Se ' are typically between 10 and 30% of the length L1 of the corresponding bricks (15a, 15b).
  • the clearance between a recess (158d, 158d ') and the boss (155d, 155'd) corresponding, that is to say the additional dimension of the recess relative to the boss, allows relative displacements of the first brick relative to the third brick in the long direction of the partition when the bricks of the partition expand or contract under the effect of oven temperature changes in use. These displacements vary the width of the expansion joint, which thus absorbs the dimensional variations of the bricks of the partition.
  • the or each corresponding boss (155d, 155'd) may also be spaced apart by a determined distance Sb or Sb '(respectively) from the corresponding end face (152, 152'), which is intended to be adjacent to said space (13, 14).
  • the determined distances Sb and Sb ' are typically between 10 and 30% of the length L1 of said bricks (15a, 15b).
  • said recess does not extend to the opposite end face to the seal, that is to say it does not open on this end face.
  • Said dimensions E and E ' are preferably less than about 20% of the length L1 of the bricks, and typically less than about 15% of L1, in order to avoid embrittlement.
  • the bricks 15a, 15b and 15c respectively correspond to said first, second and third bricks.
  • the expansion joint (13, 14) corresponds to the spacing, of width J, between the end face of the first brick (15a) and the end face of the second brick (15b) opposite this this.
  • the expansion joint (13, 14) is preferably located substantially in the center of the third brick (15c) in order to simplify the assembly.
  • a partition typically includes a plurality of expansion joints (13, 14), preferably at least one continuous brick row expansion joint.
  • the use of several expansion joints for the same row of bricks makes it possible to distribute the compensation of the expansions and thus to avoid a large opening between the two bricks which delimit the joint, which could weaken the partition.
  • the expansion joints of a partition may be of different widths J.
  • the partition illustrated in FIG. figure 5 comprises expansion joints of two different widths, namely joints 13 having a first width, J1 and joints 14 having a second width J2.
  • the first width J1 of the seals 13 is equal to about half of the second width J2 of the seals 14 because the rows C1 and C3 comprise a number of expansion joints (13) equal to twice the number of expansion joints (14) of intermediate rows C2 and C4.
  • the width J of the expansion joints is preferably small relative to the length L1 of the bricks so as not to substantially affect the strength of the partition.
  • the width J is typically 5 mm to 20 mm.
  • the first width J1 is typically between 10 to 20 mm and the second width J2 is typically between 5 and 10 mm.
  • said first, second and third bricks are not rigidly sealed to each other in order to allow their relative displacement when using the oven.
  • a non-sealing refractory material may advantageously be interposed between these bricks to facilitate their relative movements, to adjust the level and / or to increase the seal.
  • the second brick (15b) also comprises at least one recess (158'd) on its assembly face opposite the third brick (15c), said recess (158'd). ) having a dimension E 'in the long direction L of the partition
  • the third brick (15c) comprises at least a second boss (155'd) on its assembly face facing the second brick (15b), said second boss (155'd) having a dimension B 'in the long direction L of the partition and being engaged in said recess, the dimension E' of said recess (158'd) is larger than the dimension B 'of said second boss (155 'd), and said recess (158'd) is spaced a determined distance Se' from the end face (152 ') adjacent said space (13, 14).
  • This preferred configuration makes it possible to substantially simplify the design and construction of the partition.
  • FIG 3 illustrates an embodiment in which each of the two bricks which delimit the expansion joint (13, 14), i.e. said first (15a) and second (15b) bricks, has a locking element according to the invention, namely a recess (158d, 158'd) wider than the corresponding boss (155d, 155'd) on said third brick (15c) and spaced a determined distance (Se, Se ') from space (13, 14) forming the expansion joint.
  • the dimensions (E and E ', B and B') and the distances (Se and Se ', Sb and Sb') are typically substantially equal, respectively.
  • the difference D or D 'between said dimension E or E' and said dimension B or B ', respectively, is preferably greater than 10 mm, more preferably greater than 12 mm, and typically between 14 and 20 mm. A difference of less than 10 mm does not provide a margin of relative movement of said bricks sufficient to compensate for the expansion of the partition.
  • said first brick (15a) is located above said third brick (15c), said recess (158d) is facing down and is located on said first brick (15a) and said corresponding first boss (155d) is rotated upwards and is located on said third brick (15c).
  • the configuration is preferably the same in the variant of the invention wherein the second brick (15b) has a recess (158'd) and the third brick (15c) has a second boss (155'd).
  • the bricks can be superimposed so that, cold (at the time of assembly of the partition), the center of said first and / or second boss (155d, 155'd) is shifted by a determined distance C or C ', respectively, relative to the center of the corresponding recess (158d, 158'd).
  • the center of the recess (158d, 158'd) is farther from the expansion joint (13, 14) than the center of the boss (155d, 155'd); the space A between the surface of the boss (155d, 155'd) and the surface of the corresponding recess (158d, 158'd) is then smaller on the side of the expansion joint (and therefore of said space (13, 14 )) than the opposite side.
  • This arrangement effectively limits the opening of the expansion joint during use of the oven.
  • said bosses (155d, 155'd) and said first and second recesses (158d, 158'd) may not extend to at least one of said lateral faces (151d, 155'd). ), that is to say that they may not lead to at least one of the lateral faces (151).
  • the bosses (155) and the recesses (158) can take different forms. As illustrated in Figures 3 to 7 , the bosses (155) typically take the form of cords and the recesses (158) take the form of grooves.
  • said first boss (155d) is a first straight bead, arranged perpendicular to the lateral faces of the brick (and therefore perpendicular to the long direction L of the partition), and said first recess (158d ) is a first straight groove, arranged perpendicular to the lateral faces of the brick (and therefore perpendicular to the long direction L of the partition).
  • the width of the first straight bead corresponds to said dimension B and the width of the first straight groove corresponds to said dimension E.
  • said second boss (155 'd) is advantageously a second straight bead, arranged perpendicularly to the lateral faces of the brick (and therefore perpendicular to the long direction L of the partition), and said corresponding recess (158'd) is advantageously a straight groove, arranged perpendicularly to the lateral faces of the brick (and therefore perpendicular to the long direction L of the partition).
  • the width of the second straight bead corresponds to said dimension B 'and the width of the corresponding adroit groove corresponds to said dimension E'.
  • said first (15a) and second (15b) bricks further comprise at least one straight groove (158a, 158b) disposed parallel to the side faces (151) (and therefore parallel to the long direction of the partition) and said third brick (15c) has at least one straight bead (155a, 155b) also disposed parallel to the side faces (151) (and therefore parallel to the long direction of the partition) and corresponding to said right cord.
  • These cords and throats can thus guide the movement of the bricks relative to each other during thermal expansion and maintain the cohesion of the partition.
  • the bricks according to this variant of the invention advantageously comprise at least one straight bead (155a, 155b) arranged parallel to the side faces (151) on an assembly face (typically on the first face assembly (153)) and at least one straight groove (158a, 158b), corresponding to said right bead (and opposite it), also arranged parallel to the side faces (151) on the opposite assembly face (typically on the second assembly face (156)).
  • the or each straight groove (158d, 158'd) may have a substantially flat bottom of determined width P or P ', this width being typically greater than or equal to said difference D or D ', respectively.
  • This variant of the invention has the advantage of making it possible to avoid reducing the thickness of the brick at the groove (s) (158d, 158'd).
  • the center of the recess to be located on the side of said space (13, 14) is then at a distance Sc (typically equal to d2 + P / 2) of the corresponding end face (152).
  • the distance Sc is typically between 15 and 30% of the length L1 of the brick.
  • the center of said boss (155d) can be shifted by a determined distance Cp from the center of the corresponding recess (158d).
  • the offset distance Cp is small compared to the length L1 of the brick; it is typically between 5 and 12 mm.
  • the shift Cp is substantially equal to half the width P of the flat bottom of the corresponding grooves and typically corresponds to half of said difference D.
  • the invention is advantageously applicable to cases where said partition is one of the transverse walls (4) of said furnace because these walls are generally of great length.
  • the invention is particularly advantageous in the cases where said walls (4) comprise notches (5 ') in which hollow partitions (3) are embedded because the limitation of the relative displacements of the bricks makes it possible to limit the width variations of the notch (5 ') and to preserve the tightness of the tight expansion joints between the hollow partitions (3) and the edge of the indentations (5').
  • the wall typically comprises bricks according to the invention (15 ', 15 ") and known bricks (16, 17) .
  • the bricks (15', 15") according to the invention, and more specifically said bricks (15a), second (15b) and third (15c) bricks, are placed wholly or partly in the notches (5 ').
  • the Figures 5 to 7 relate more specifically to this advantageous application of the invention.
  • the Figure 5 (A) shows an arrangement of the bricks of a transverse wall (4) according to the invention, shown in partial view and in perspective.
  • the Figure 5 (B) illustrates the interlocking of said first (15a), second (15b) and third (15c) bricks.
  • the brick 15c is a "double-joint" brick (15 '), as illustrated in FIG. figure 6
  • the bricks 15a and 15b are "mixed" or "single jointā€ bricks (15 "), as illustrated in FIG. figure 7 .
  • the figure (A) corresponds to a lateral face (151) of the brick
  • the figure (B) corresponds to an assembly face (153 or 156)
  • the figure (C) corresponds to an end face (152)
  • the figure (D) corresponds to the opposite assembly face to that of the figure (B) .
  • the bricks (15 ') located in the center of the notches (5'), and represented in the figure 6 have on an assembly face (153), two cords (155a, 155b) straight parallel to the side faces (151) and arranged at the same distance d1 side faces (151), and on the assembly face opposite (156), two straight grooves (158a, 158b) parallel to the side faces (151), substantially opposite the corresponding cords (155a, 155b) and substantially complementary thereto.
  • These bricks (15 ') also have, on an assembly face (153), two strings (155d, 155'd) straight perpendicular to the lateral faces (151) and arranged at the same distance d2 from the end faces (152 152 ') and on the opposite mounting face (156), two grooves (158d, 158'd) straight, perpendicular to the side faces (151), substantially opposite the corresponding cords (155c, 155d) and substantially complementary thereto.
  • the width E and E 'of these two last grooves (158d, 158'd) has a supplement P and P' with respect to the width B and B 'of the two cords (155d, 155'd) corresponding.
  • the bricks (15 ") located on the side of the indentations (5 '), and represented on the figure 7 have, on an assembly face (153), a first bead (155d) straight, perpendicular to the side faces (151) and disposed at a distance d2 from a first end face (152), and, on the opposed assembly face (156), a first groove (158d), perpendicular to the side faces (151), substantially opposite the corresponding bead (155d) and substantially complementary thereto.
  • the width E of this first groove (158d) has an additional width P relative to the width B of the corresponding first cord (155d).
  • These bricks (15 ") also have, on the same assembly face (153) as the first cord, a second bead (155c) straight, perpendicular to the side faces (151) and disposed at the same distance d2 from the face d end (152 ') opposite the first end face (152), and on the opposite mounting face (156), a second straight groove (158c) perpendicular to the side faces (151), substantially opposite the corresponding bead (155c) and substantially complementary thereto
  • the width E 'of the second groove (158c) is smaller than said dimension E.
  • the width B' of the second bead (155c) is substantially equal to said dimension B
  • the configuration of the cords 155a, 155b and 155c and the grooves 158a, 158b and 158c makes them compatible with the bricks (16) used for the construction of the other elements of the wall (4). on an assembly face (153), two straight parallel cords (155a, 155b) at the side faces (151) and arranged at the same distance d1 from the side faces (151), and on the opposite assembly face (156), two straight grooves (158a, 158b) parallel to the side faces (151), substantially facing the corresponding cords (155a, 155b) and substantially complementary thereto.
  • the bricks (15 ') and (15 ") furthermore have plane surfaces (154, 157) between the cords and the grooves which serve as sliding surfaces (19) of the bricks on one another (see FIG. figure 3 ).
  • bricks according to the invention may be symmetrical with respect to a plane parallel to the side faces (151) to simplify their use.
  • the bricks according to the invention typically have a substantially hexahedral shape, and in particular a substantially parallelepiped shape.
  • Said bosses and recesses typically have a rounded shape.
  • this rounded shape may be defined in whole or in part by radii of curvature R1, R2, R3 and R4, the center of which may lie in the plane of the flat surface of the assembly face or may be offset by a distance X with respect to this surface.
  • the rotary kiln according to the invention is intended for cooking carbonaceous blocks, in particular the anodes of igneous electrolysis cell intended for the production of aluminum.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Electric Stoves And Ranges (AREA)

Description

Domaine de l'inventionField of the invention

L'invention concerne le domaine des fours Ć  chambres dits Ā« Ć  feu tournant Ā» (Ā« ring furnace Ā» en anglais) pour la cuisson de blocs carbonĆ©s, et notamment les fours Ć  chambre de type ouvert. L'invention concerne plus particuliĆØrement les cloisons de ces fours (notamment les cloisons creuses et les murs transversaux) et les briques utilisĆ©es dans ces cloisons.The invention relates to the field of so-called "ring furnace" furnaces for firing carbonaceous blocks, and in particular open-type chamber furnaces. The invention relates more particularly to the walls of these furnaces (in particular the hollow partitions and the transverse walls) and the bricks used in these partitions.

Etat de la techniqueState of the art

Les fours Ć  feu tournant Ć  chambres de type ouvert sont bien connus en eux-mĆŖmes et dĆ©crits notamment dans les demandes de brevets franƧais FR 2 600 152 (correspondant au brevet amĆ©ricain US 4 859 175 ) et FR 2 535 834 (correspondant Ć  la demande britannique GB 2 129 918 ).Open chamber type open fire furnaces are well known in themselves and described in particular in the French patent applications. FR 2,600,152 (corresponding to the US patent US 4,859,175 ) and FR 2,535,834 (corresponding to the British application GB 2 129 918 ).

Un four Ơ feu tournant comprend une succession de chambres alignƩes, chaque chambre Ʃtant dƩlimitƩe par des murs transversaux et comprenant une pluralitƩ d'alvƩoles de forme allongƩe sƩparƩes par des cloisons chauffantes creuses. Les cloisons de chambre sont formƩes de briques rƩfractaires, telles que celles dƩcrites dans les demandes internationales WO 95/22666 et WO 97/35150 .A revolving furnace comprises a succession of aligned chambers, each chamber being delimited by transverse walls and comprising a plurality of elongate cells separated by hollow heat walls. Chamber partitions are formed of refractory bricks, such as those described in international applications WO 95/22666 and WO 97/35150 .

La montĆ©e en tempĆ©rature des chambres lors des cycles de cuisson de blocs carbonĆ©s provoque une dilatation des cloisons, qui peut les endommager ou les dĆ©former ou encore dĆ©former le cuvelage du four. Afin d'Ć©viter cette difficultĆ©, il est connu de laisser certaines briques libres de glisser les unes sur les autres et d'amĆ©nager un petit espace, appelĆ© "joint de dilatation", entre certaines briques. Ces joints absorbent les dilatations des cloisons. Certains joints sont en outre remplis d'un matĆ©riau rĆ©fractaire compressible afin de les rendre Ć©tanches et d'empĆŖcher le passage du matĆ©riau de remplissage (appelĆ© "poussier") contenu dans les alvĆ©oles lors de la cuisson des blocs carbonĆ©s. Ce type de joint Ć©tanche est notamment utilisĆ© Ć  la jonction entre les cloisons creuses et les murs transversaux.The temperature rise of the chambers during firing cycles of carbonaceous blocks causes expansion of the partitions, which can damage or deform them or distort the furnace casing. To avoid this difficulty, it is known to leave some bricks free to slide over each other and to arrange a small space, called "expansion joint" between some bricks. These joints absorb the dilatations of the partitions. Some seals are further filled with a compressible refractory material to seal them and to prevent the passage of the filler material (called "dust") contained in the cells during the cooking carbon blocks. This type of seal is used in particular at the junction between the hollow partitions and the transverse walls.

Toutefois, les joints de dilatation ne fonctionnent plus de maniĆØre satisfaisante lorsque les fours atteignent de trĆØs grandes dimensions car les mouvements relatifs entre certaines briques deviennent suffisamment important pour affecter la cohĆ©sion de la cloison et dĆ©grader Ć©tanchĆ©itĆ© des joints de dilatation Ć©tanches. Dans ce dernier cas, du poussier peut s'introduire dans les cloisons par les joints de dilatation, ce qui peut conduire Ć  une obturation du passage des fumĆ©es, et entre les cloisons creuses et les murs transversaux, ce qui limite encore davantage le mouvement de dilation de ces cloisons.However, the expansion joints no longer work satisfactorily when the furnaces reach very large dimensions because the relative movements between some bricks become large enough to affect the cohesion of the partition and degrade sealing tight expansion joints. In the latter case, dust can be introduced into the partitions by the expansion joints, which can lead to a clogging of the passage of fumes, and between the hollow partitions and the transverse walls, which further limits the movement of dilation of these partitions.

Ces difficultƩs freinent l'augmentation de capacitƩ des fours Ơ feu tournant, l'amƩlioration de leur performance ƩnergƩtique et l'abaissement des coƻts d'investissement.These difficulties are hindering the increase in capacity of revolving furnaces, the improvement of their energy performance and the lowering of investment costs.

La demanderesse a recherchƩ des moyens pour rƩsoudre ces inconvƩnients de l'art antƩrieur.The Applicant has sought ways to overcome these disadvantages of the prior art.

Description de l'inventionDescription of the invention

L'invention a pour objet un four Ć  feu tournant comportant une pluralitĆ© de cloisons intĆ©rieures formant une sĆ©rie de chambres de cuisson distinctes et des alvĆ©oles Ć  l'intĆ©rieur de ces chambres, lesdites cloisons comportant des murs transversaux pour sĆ©parer lesdites chambres et des cloisons creuses pour sĆ©parer les alvĆ©oles, au moins " une desdites cloisons intĆ©rieures Ć©tant formĆ©e d'une pluralitĆ© de briques en matĆ©riau rĆ©fractaire incluant au moins une premiĆØre, une deuxiĆØme et une troisiĆØme briques, comportant chacune au moins deux faces latĆ©rales opposĆ©es, disposĆ©es parallĆØlement au sens long L de la cloison, deux faces d'extrĆ©mitĆ©s opposĆ©es et deux faces d'assemblage opposĆ©es et comprenant chacune au moins une surface plane, la premiĆØre et la deuxiĆØme briques Ć©tant situĆ©es au-dessus ou au-dessous de la troisiĆØme brique et placĆ©es de maniĆØre Ć  ce que leur face d'extrĆ©mitĆ© en regard l'une de l'autre soient sĆ©parĆ©es d'un espace de largeur J, caractĆ©risĆ© en ce que la premiĆØre brique comporte au moins un premier Ć©videment sur sa face d'assemblage en regard de la troisiĆØme brique, ledit Ć©videment ayant une dimension E dans le sens long L de la cloison, en ce que la troisiĆØme brique comporte au moins un premier bossage sur sa face d'assemblage en regard de la premiĆØre brique, ledit premier bossage ayant une dimension B dans le sens long L de la cloison et Ć©tant engagĆ© dans ledit Ć©videment, en ce que, de maniĆØre Ć  permettre des dĆ©placements relatifs entre la premiĆØre et la troisiĆØme brique dans le sens long de la cloison en cours d'utilisation du four, ladite dimension E dudit Ć©videment est plus grande que ladite dimension B dudit premier bossage, et en ce que, de maniĆØre Ć  former une butĆ©e pour ledit bossage du cĆ“tĆ© dudit espace, ledit Ć©videment est espacĆ© d'une distance dĆ©terminĆ©e Se de la face d'extrĆ©mitĆ© adjacente audit espace.The subject of the invention is a revolving furnace comprising a plurality of internal partitions forming a series of distinct cooking chambers and cavities inside these chambers, said partitions comprising transverse walls for separating said chambers and hollow partitions. to separate the cells, at least one of said inner partitions being formed of a plurality of refractory bricks including at least first, second and third bricks, each having at least two opposite side faces disposed parallel to the long direction; L of the partition, two faces of opposite ends and two opposing assembly faces and each comprising at least one planar surface, the first and second bricks being located above or below the third brick and placed so their end face facing each other are separated by a space of width J, characterized in that the first brick has at least one first recess on its assembly face opposite the third brick, said recess having a dimension E in the long direction L of the partition , in that the third brick has at least one first boss on its assembly face facing the first brick, said first boss having a dimension B in the long direction L of the partition and being engaged in said recess, in that that, so as to allow relative displacements between the first and third brick in the long direction of the partition during use of the oven, said dimension E of said recess is greater than said dimension B of said first boss, and in that that so as to form a stop for said boss on the side of said space, said recess is spaced a determined distance Se from the end face adjacent to said space.

Ledit espace de largeur J forme un joint de dilatation, qui absorbe les dĆ©placements relatifs entre la premiĆØre brique et la troisiĆØme brique dans le sens long de la cloison, qui se produisent lorsque les briques se dilatent ou se contractent sous l'effet des variations de tempĆ©rature du four en cours d'utilisation, et Ć©vite ainsi la mise sous contraint de la cloison. Les dĆ©placements relatifs Ć©tant limitĆ©s par la butĆ©e du cĆ“tĆ© du joint, la cohĆ©sion et la soliditĆ© de la cloison sont maintenues lors des mouvements provoquĆ©s par la dilatation et la contraction des briques. Le bossage et l'Ć©videment selon l'invention agissent comme des Ć©lĆ©ments de verrouillage souple des briques.Said space of width J forms an expansion joint, which absorbs the relative displacements between the first brick and the third brick in the long direction of the partition, which occur when the bricks expand or contract under the effect of variations in oven temperature during use, and thus avoids the constraint of the partition. Since the relative displacements are limited by the stop on the joint side, the cohesion and the strength of the partition are maintained during the movements caused by the expansion and contraction of the bricks. The boss and the recess according to the invention act as flexible locking elements of the bricks.

L'invention a Ć©galement pour objet une brique en matĆ©riau rĆ©fractaire, susceptible d'ĆŖtre utilisĆ©es dans des cloisons intĆ©rieures d'un four Ć  feu tournant, comportant au moins deux faces latĆ©rales opposĆ©es, une premiĆØre face d'extrĆ©mitĆ©, une deuxiĆØme face d'extrĆ©mitĆ© opposĆ©e Ć  la premiĆØre face d'extrĆ©mitĆ©, une premiĆØre face d'assemblage comprenant au moins une surface plane et au moins un premier bossage et une deuxiĆØme face d'assemblage opposĆ©e Ć  la premiĆØre face d'assemblage et comprenant au moins une surface plane et au moins un premier Ć©videment, ledit bossage ayant une dimension B dans une direction parallĆØle aux dites faces latĆ©rales, ledit Ć©videment ayant une dimension E dans une direction parallĆØle aux dites faces latĆ©rales, caractĆ©risĆ© en ce que la dimension E est plus grande que la dimension B, et en ce que ledit Ć©videment est espace d'une distance dĆ©terminĆ©e Se de la premiĆØre face d'extrĆ©mitĆ© et possĆØde un fond sensiblement plat de largeur dĆ©terminĆ©e. Le premier Ć©videment est typiquement sensiblement en regard dudit premier bossage. Ledit premier bossage est typiquement espacĆ© d'une distance dĆ©terminĆ©e Sb de la premiĆØre face d'extrĆ©mitĆ©. De prĆ©fĆ©rence, le centre dudit premier Ć©videment est dĆ©calĆ© d'une distance Cp par rapport au centre dudit premier bossage.The subject of the invention is also a brick made of refractory material, which can be used in internal walls of a rotating-fire furnace, comprising at least two opposite lateral faces, a first end face, a second face of end opposite the first end face, a first assembly face comprising at least one planar surface and at least one first boss and a second assembly face opposite to the first assembly face and comprising at least one plane surface and at least one first recess, said boss having a dimension B in a direction parallel to said side faces, said recess having a dimension E in a direction parallel to said side faces, characterized in that the dimension E is larger than the dimension B, and in that said recess is spaced apart by a determined distance Se from the first end face and has a substantially flat bottom of determined width. The first recess is typically substantially opposite said first boss. Said first boss is typically spaced apart by a determined distance Sb from the first end face. Preferably, the center of said first recess is offset by a distance Cp from the center of said first boss.

Dans un mode de rĆ©alisation avantageux de l'invention, ledit premier bossage est un premier cordon droit, qui est disposĆ© perpendiculairement aux dites faces latĆ©rales et dont la largeur est Ć©gale Ć  ladite dimension B, et ledit premier Ć©videment est une premiĆØre gorge droite, qui est disposĆ©e perpendiculairement aux dites faces latĆ©rales et dont la largeur est Ć©gale Ć  ladite dimension E. Selon une variante de ce mode de rĆ©alisation, la brique comporte en outre une deuxiĆØme gorge droite, disposĆ©e perpendiculairement aux dites faces latĆ©rales, et la largeur E' de cette deuxiĆØme gorge est plus petite que ladite dimension E. Cette variante permet d'associer une brique selon invention Ć  une ou plusieurs briques standards dans une cloison. Selon une variante alternative de l'invention, la brique comporte en outre une deuxiĆØme gorge droite, disposĆ©e perpendiculairement aux dites faces latĆ©rales, et la largeur E' de cette deuxiĆØme gorge est sensiblement Ć©gale Ć  ladite dimension E. Cette variante permet d'obtenir un verrouillage souple selon l'invention aux deux extrĆ©mitĆ©s de la brique. Dans ces variantes, la deuxiĆØme gorge est typiquement sur la mĆŖme face d'assemblage que la premiĆØre gorge droite, mais peut Ć©ventuellement se situer sur la face d'assemblage opposĆ©e. La deuxiĆØme gorge droite est typiquement espacĆ©e d'une distance dĆ©terminĆ©e Se' de la deuxiĆØme face d'extrĆ©mitĆ©. La brique selon ces variantes comporte typiquement, en outre, un deuxiĆØme cordon, disposĆ© perpendiculairement aux dites faces latĆ©rales et situĆ© sur la mĆŖme face d'assemblage que le premier cordon. La largeur B' de ce deuxiĆØme cordon est typiquement sensiblement Ć©gale Ć  ladite dimension B. Le deuxiĆØme cordon droit est typiquement espacĆ© d'une distance dĆ©terminĆ©e Sb' de la deuxiĆØme face d'extrĆ©mitĆ©.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, said first boss is a first straight bead, which is arranged perpendicular to said side faces and whose width is equal to said dimension B, and said first recess is a first straight groove, which is disposed perpendicularly to said side faces and whose width is equal to said dimension E. According to a variant of this embodiment, the brick further comprises a second straight groove, disposed perpendicularly to said side faces, and the width E 'of this second groove is smaller than said dimension E. This variant allows to associate a brick according to the invention to one or more standard bricks in a partition. According to an alternative variant of the invention, the brick further comprises a second straight groove disposed perpendicularly to said side faces, and the width E 'of said second groove is substantially equal to said dimension E. This variant makes it possible to obtain a flexible lock according to the invention at both ends of the brick. In these variants, the second groove is typically on the same assembly face as the first straight groove, but may possibly be located on the opposite assembly face. The second straight groove is typically spaced apart by a determined distance Se 'from the second end face. The brick according to these variants typically comprises, in addition, a second bead, arranged perpendicularly to said side faces and located on the same assembly face as the first bead. The width B 'of this second bead is typically substantially equal to said dimension B. The second bead is typically spaced apart by a determined distance Sb' from the second end face.

L'invention a encore pour objet l'utilisation d'un four Ơ feu tournant selon invention pour la cuisson de blocs carbonƩs.The subject of the invention is also the use of a rotating-fire oven according to the invention for cooking carbonaceous blocks.

L'invention a encore pour objet un procƩdƩ de fabrication de blocs carbonƩs dans lequel:

  • on introduit des blocs carbonĆ©s crus dans un four selon l'invention;
  • on effectue un cycle de cuisson dĆ©terminĆ© ;
  • on retire les blocs carbonĆ©s cuits du four.
The subject of the invention is also a process for producing carbonaceous blocks in which:
  • green carbonaceous blocks are introduced into an oven according to the invention;
  • a determined baking cycle is carried out;
  • the baked carbon blocks are removed from the oven.

L'invention est dĆ©crite en dĆ©tail ci-aprĆØs Ć  l'aide des figures annexĆ©es relatives Ć  des modes de rĆ©alisation prĆ©fĆ©rĆ©s de l'invention.The invention is described in detail below with reference to the appended figures relating to preferred embodiments of the invention.

La figure 1 illustre une vue en perspective, partiellement ƩclatƩe, d'un four Ơ feu tournant Ơ chambres ouvertes.The figure 1 illustrates a perspective view, partially exploded, of an open-chamber rotating fire furnace.

La figure 2 illustre, vue du dessus, une travƩe de four Ơ feu tournant.The figure 2 illustrious, seen from above, a span of furnace with rotating fire.

La figure 3 illustre un assemblage de briques selon un mode de rƩalisation de l'invention.The figure 3 illustrates an assembly of bricks according to one embodiment of the invention.

La figure 4 illustre un mode de rƩalisation avantageux des bossages et Ʃvidements de briques rƩfractaires selon l'invention.The figure 4 illustrates an advantageous embodiment of the bosses and recesses of refractory bricks according to the invention.

La figure 5 illustre la structure d'un mur transversal d'un four selon l'invention vue en perspective,The figure 5 illustrates the structure of a transverse wall of an oven according to the invention seen in perspective,

Les figures 6 et 7 illustrent des briques rƩfractaires selon un mode de rƩalisation de l'invention, vues dans diffƩrentes directions.The figures 6 and 7 illustrate refractory bricks according to one embodiment of the invention, viewed in different directions.

Tel qu'illustrĆ© aux figures 1 et 2, un four Ć  feu tournant comprend une succession de chambres (10, 11, 12,...) disposĆ©es en sĆ©rie. Chaque chambre comprend une alternance, dans le sens transversal (axe Y), d'alvĆ©oles (2) de forme allongĆ©e et de cloisons creuses (3) disposĆ©es dans le sens longitudinal (axe X). A titre d'illustration, la ligne pointillĆ©e (1) de la figure 2 dĆ©limite une des chambres et montre qu'elle comprend plusieurs alvĆ©oles (2) disposĆ©es en parallĆØle et sĆ©parĆ©es par des cloisons creuses (3). Les murs transversaux (4) sĆ©parent les chambres les unes des autres.As illustrated in figures 1 and 2 , a rotating light furnace comprises a succession of chambers (10, 11, 12, ...) arranged in series. Each chamber comprises an alternation in the transverse direction (Y axis) of cells (2) of elongate shape and hollow partitions (3) arranged in the longitudinal direction (X axis). As an illustration, the dotted line (1) of the figure 2 delineates one of the rooms and shows that she comprises a plurality of cells (2) arranged in parallel and separated by hollow partitions (3). The transverse walls (4) separate the rooms from each other.

Les alvĆ©oles (2) sont dĆ©limitĆ©es par des cloisons creuses (3), des piliers (5) de murs transversaux (4) et un plancher (25). Les cloisons creuses (3) et les piliers (5) de murs transversaux (4) forment des parois sensiblement verticales ; le plancher (25) forme un fond sensiblement horizontal. Les cloisons creuses (3) comprennent des parois latĆ©rales (9) minces gĆ©nĆ©ralement sĆ©parĆ©es par des entretoises (7) et des chicanes (8). Les extrĆ©mitĆ©s des cloisons creuses (3) sont encastrĆ©es dans des Ć©chancrures (5') des murs transversaux (4). Les Ć©chancrures (5') sont munies d'ouvertures ou "fenĆŖtres" (6) afin de permettre le passage des gaz circulant dans les cloisons creuses (3) d'une chambre Ć  la suivante. Les cloisons creuses (3) sont munies de moyens d'accĆØs (20) appelĆ©s Ā« ouvreaux Ā» qui servent notamment Ć  introduire des moyens de chauffage (tels que des injecteurs de brĆ»leurs) (non illustrĆ©s) ou des ajutages d'aspiration (23) liĆ©s Ć  une pipe (21) et raccordĆ©s Ć  un conduit principal (22) longeant le four.The cells (2) are delimited by hollow partitions (3), pillars (5) of transverse walls (4) and a floor (25). The hollow partitions (3) and the pillars (5) of transverse walls (4) form substantially vertical walls; the floor (25) forms a substantially horizontal bottom. The hollow partitions (3) comprise thin side walls (9) generally separated by spacers (7) and baffles (8). The ends of the hollow partitions (3) are embedded in notches (5 ') of the transverse walls (4). The indentations (5 ') are provided with openings or "windows" (6) to allow the passage of gases flowing in the hollow partitions (3) from one chamber to the next. The hollow partitions (3) are provided with access means (20) called "openers" which serve in particular to introduce heating means (such as burner injectors) (not shown) or suction nozzles (23). connected to a pipe (21) and connected to a main pipe (22) along the furnace.

Les fours Ć  feu tournant comportent donc une pluralitĆ© de cloisons intĆ©rieures (3, 4) qui forment une sĆ©rie de chambres de cuisson distinctes et des alvĆ©oles Ć  l'intĆ©rieur de ces chambres. Ces cloisons intĆ©rieures (3, 4) sont gĆ©nĆ©ralement essentiellement constituĆ©es de briques rĆ©fractaires (15, 16, 17). Les briques sont typiquement Ć  base d'alumine et de silice. Les briques peuvent ĆŖtre directement en contact (montage "Ć  sec") ou un matĆ©riau de scellement peut ĆŖtre interposĆ© entre les briques. Plusieurs de ces briques comportent des bossages et des Ć©videments de formes sensiblement complĆ©mentaires qui s'emboĆ®tent les uns dans les autres, assurant ainsi un blocage des briques et une stabilisation de la cloison.The rotating fire furnaces therefore comprise a plurality of internal partitions (3, 4) which form a series of separate cooking chambers and cavities within these chambers. These internal partitions (3, 4) are generally essentially made of refractory bricks (15, 16, 17). The bricks are typically based on alumina and silica. The bricks can be directly in contact ("dry" mounting) or a sealing material can be interposed between the bricks. Several of these bricks have bosses and recesses of substantially complementary shapes that fit into each other, thus ensuring a blockage of bricks and a stabilization of the partition.

Les chambres forment une longue travĆ©e dans le sens F du feu. Un four Ć  feu tournant comprend typiquement deux travĆ©es parallĆØles, chacune ayant une longueur de l'ordre d'une centaine de mĆØtres. Les travĆ©es sont gĆ©nĆ©ralement dĆ©limitĆ©es par des murs latĆ©raux (24).The rooms form a long span in the direction F of the fire. A rotating furnace typically comprises two parallel spans, each having a length of the order of one hundred meters. The spans are generally delimited by lateral walls (24).

Lors des opƩrations de cuisson, un flux gazeux constituƩ d'air, de gaz de chauffage, de vapeurs dƩgagƩes par les blocs carbonƩs ou de gaz de combustion (ou, le plus souvent, d'un mƩlange de ceux-ci) circule, dans le sens long du four (axe X), dans une succession de cloisons chauffantes creuses (3) qui communiquent entre elles. Ce flux gazeux est soufflƩ en amont des chambres actives et est aspirƩ en aval de celles-ci. La chaleur produite par la combustion des gaz est transmise aux blocs carbonƩs (31) contenus dans les alvƩoles (2), ce qui entraƮne leur cuisson.During the firing operations, a gas flow consisting of air, heating gas, vapors released by the carbonaceous blocks or combustion gases (or, most often, a mixture thereof) flows, in the long direction of the furnace (X axis), in a succession of hollow heating partitions (3) which communicate with each other. This gas stream is blown upstream of the active chambers and is sucked downstream thereof. The heat produced by the combustion of the gases is transmitted to the carbonaceous blocks (31) contained in the cells (2), which causes their cooking.

Un cycle de cuisson de blocs carbonĆ©s, pour une chambre donnĆ©e, comprend typiquement le chargement des alvĆ©oles de cette chambre en blocs carbonĆ©s crus, le chauffage de cette chambre jusqu'Ć  la tempĆ©rature de cuisson des blocs carbonĆ©s (typiquement de 1100 Ć  1200Ā°C), le refroidissement de la chambre jusqu'Ć  une tempĆ©rature qui permette d'enlever les blocs carbonĆ©s cuits et le refroidissement de la chambre jusqu'Ć  la tempĆ©rature ambiante. Le principe du feu tournant consiste Ć  effectuer successivement le cycle de chauffage sur les chambres du four par un dĆ©placement des moyens de chauffage (tels que des rampes de brĆ»leurs) et des moyens d'aspiration. Ainsi, une chambre donnĆ©e passe successivement par des pĆ©riodes de prĆ©chauffage, de cuisson et de refroidissement. La figure 1 montre un empilement typique de blocs carbonĆ©s (31) dans une alvĆ©ole (2), avec une poudre d'enrobage ou "poussier" (32), lors d'une opĆ©ration de cuisson de ceux-ci. Le poussier est typiquement Ć  base de poudre carbonĆ©e ou de silice.A firing cycle of carbonaceous blocks, for a given chamber, typically comprises the charging of the cells of this chamber with green carbonaceous blocks, the heating of this chamber up to the firing temperature of the carbonaceous blocks (typically from 1100 to 1200.degree. ), cooling the chamber to a temperature that allows removal of the burned carbonaceous blocks and cooling of the chamber to room temperature. The principle of the rotating light is to successively carry out the heating cycle on the furnace chambers by a displacement of the heating means (such as burner ramps) and suction means. Thus, a given chamber passes successively by periods of preheating, cooking and cooling. The figure 1 shows a typical stack of carbon blocks (31) in a cell (2), with a coating powder or "dust" (32), during a cooking operation thereof. The dust is typically based on carbonaceous powder or silica.

La montĆ©e en tempĆ©rature du four lors d'un cycle de cuisson provoque la dilatation des cloisons intĆ©rieures (3, 4) du four. Afin d'Ć©viter l'endommagement du four lors de cette dilatation, les cloisons creuses (3) sont typiquement encastrĆ©es dans les Ć©chancrures (5') des murs transversaux (4) de faƧon Ć  pouvoir se dĆ©placer sans entrave significative dans les Ć©chancrures lors des montĆ©es et descentes en tempĆ©rature du four. Par exemple, on peut laisser un espace, appelĆ© "joint de dilatation", entre les cloisons creuses (3) et les parois des Ć©chancrures (5'). Cet espace contient gĆ©nĆ©ralement un matĆ©riau rĆ©fractaire compressible, tel qu'une fibre cĆ©ramique rĆ©fractaire, afin de le rendre Ć©tanche et d'Ć©viter l'introduction de poussier entre les cloisons creuses (3) et les murs transversaux (4). Dans le mĆŖme but, on peut amĆ©nager dans les murs transversaux (4) des joints de dilatation (13, 14) formĆ©s par un espacement vide entre certaines briques.The rise in temperature of the oven during a cooking cycle causes the expansion of the interior partitions (3, 4) of the oven. To avoid damage to the furnace during this expansion, the hollow partitions (3) are typically embedded in the notches (5 ') of the transverse walls (4) so as to be able to move without significant hindrance in the notches during the climbs and descents in oven temperature. For example, a space, called "expansion joint", can be left between the hollow partitions (3) and the walls of the notches (5 '). This space generally contains a compressible refractory material, such as a refractory ceramic fiber, in order to make it waterproof and to prevent the introduction of dust between the hollow partitions (3) and the transverse walls (4). For the same purpose, we can arranging in the transverse walls (4) expansion joints (13, 14) formed by empty spacing between some bricks.

Les briques (15, 15', 15") utilisƩes pour la rƩalisation des joints de dilatation (13, 14) comportent typiquement au moins :

  • deux faces latĆ©rales (151) opposĆ©es, typiquement planes et gĆ©nĆ©ralement parallĆØles, qui sont destinĆ©es Ć  ĆŖtre placĆ©es dans le sens long L d'une cloison ;
  • deux faces d'extrĆ©mitĆ© (152, 152') opposĆ©es, qui sont typiquement perpendiculaires aux faces latĆ©rales (151), et destinĆ©es Ć  ĆŖtre disposĆ©es chacune en regard d'une face d'extrĆ©mitĆ© de briques adjacentes dans ladite cloison ;
  • une premiĆØre face d'assemblage (153) comprenant au moins une surface plane (154) et au moins un bossage (155) de forme dĆ©terminĆ©e ;
  • une deuxiĆØme face d'assemblage (156), opposĆ©e Ć  la premiĆØre face d'assemblage et comprenant au moins une surface plane (157) et au moins un Ć©videment (158) de forme dĆ©terminĆ©e.
The bricks (15, 15 ', 15 ") used for making the expansion joints (13, 14) typically comprise at least:
  • two opposite side faces (151), typically flat and generally parallel, which are intended to be placed in the long direction L of a partition;
  • two end faces (152, 152 ') opposite, which are typically perpendicular to the side faces (151), and intended to be arranged each facing an end face of adjacent bricks in said partition;
  • a first assembly face (153) comprising at least one plane surface (154) and at least one boss (155) of predetermined shape;
  • a second assembly face (156), opposite to the first assembly face and comprising at least one plane surface (157) and at least one recess (158) of determined shape.

La surface plane (154) de la premiĆØre face d'assemblage (153) est parallĆØle Ć  la surface plane (157) de la deuxiĆØme face d'assemblage (156).The planar surface (154) of the first assembly face (153) is parallel to the planar surface (157) of the second assembly face (156).

Ces briques ont une longueur L1 (dƩfinie comme Ʃtant la distance entre les deux faces d'extrƩmitƩ opposƩes (152, 1S2')), une largeur L2 (dƩfinie comme Ʃtant la distance entre les deux faces latƩrales (151)) et une Ʃpaisseur L3 (dƩfinie comme Ʃtant la distance entre les surfaces planes (154, 157) des deux faces d'assemblage opposƩes (153, 156)). A titre d'exemple, les dimensions typiques des briques selon l'invention sont les suivantes : L1 de 200 Ơ 400 mm, L2 de 200 Ơ 300 mm et L3 de 80 Ơ 150 mm lorsque les briques sont destinƩes Ơ des murs transversaux (4) ; L1 de 200 Ơ 400 mm, L2 de 80 Ơ 150 mm et L3 de 80 Ơ 150 mm lorsqu'elles sont destinƩes Ơ des cloisons creuses (3).These bricks have a length L1 (defined as being the distance between the two opposite end faces (152, 1S2 ')), a width L2 (defined as being the distance between the two lateral faces (151)) and a thickness L3 (defined as the distance between the planar surfaces (154, 157) of the two opposing assembly faces (153, 156)). By way of example, the typical dimensions of the bricks according to the invention are as follows: L1 from 200 to 400 mm, L2 from 200 to 300 mm and L3 from 80 to 150 mm when the bricks are intended for transverse walls (4 ); L1 from 200 to 400 mm, L2 from 80 to 150 mm and L3 from 80 to 150 mm when they are intended for hollow partitions (3).

Dans la cloison, les bossages (155) d'une brique sont insƩrƩs dans des Ʃvidements (158) correspondants d'une autre brique, situƩe au-dessus ou au-dessous dans la cloison, ce qui permet de consolider la cloison.In the partition, the bosses (155) of a brick are inserted into recesses (158) corresponding to another brick, located above or below the partition, which consolidates the partition.

Chacun des bossages (155) a une dimension B dans une direction parallĆØle aux faces latĆ©rales (151) de la brique. La dimension B peut ĆŖtre diffĆ©rente pour chaque bossage. La dimension B est typiquement donnĆ©e par rapport Ć  la ligne de jonction de chaque bossage (155) avec la surface plane (154) de la face d'assemblage (153) correspondante ou par rapport Ć  une ligne Ć©quivalente Ć  la ligne de jonction. De faƧon similaire, chacun des Ć©videments dĆ©terminĆ©s (158) a une dimension E dans une direction parallĆØle aux faces latĆ©rales (151) de la brique. La dimension E peut ĆŖtre diffĆ©rente pour chaque bossage. La dimension E est typiquement donnĆ©e par rapport Ć  la ligne de jonction de chaque Ć©videment (158) avec la surface plane (157) de la face d'assemblage (156) correspondante ou par rapport Ć  une ligne Ć©quivalente Ć  la ligne de jonction. Lorsque la brique est placĆ©e dans une cloison, les dimensions B et E sont dans le sens long L de celle-ci.Each of the bosses (155) has a dimension B in a direction parallel to the lateral faces (151) of the brick. Dimension B can be different for each boss. The dimension B is typically given with respect to the junction line of each boss (155) with the flat surface (154) of the corresponding assembly face (153) or with respect to a line equivalent to the junction line. Similarly, each of the determined recesses (158) has a dimension E in a direction parallel to the side faces (151) of the brick. The dimension E can be different for each boss. The dimension E is typically given with respect to the junction line of each recess (158) with the flat surface (157) of the corresponding joining face (156) or with respect to a line equivalent to the connecting line. When the brick is placed in a partition, the dimensions B and E are in the long direction L thereof.

Selon l'invention, pour certaines briques, comme le montre notamment la figure 3, la dimension E ou E' d'au moins un desdits Ʃvidements (158d, 158'd) est supƩrieure Ơ la dimension B ou B' correspondante du bossage correspondant (155d, 155'd) d'une brique adjacente, placƩe gƩnƩralement en dessous de celle-ci, et le bord du ou de chaque Ʃvidement (158d, 158'd) est espacƩ d'une distance dƩterminƩe Se ou Se' (respectivement) d'au moins une des dites faces d'extrƩmitƩ (152, 152'), Ơ savoir au moins la face d'extrƩmitƩ situƩe du cƓtƩ dudit espace (13, 14), de faƧon Ơ former une butƩe. Les distances dƩterminƩes Se et Se' sont typiquement comprises entre 10 et 30 % de la longueur L1 des briques correspondantes (15a, 15b).According to the invention, for some bricks, as shown in particular by figure 3 the dimension E or E 'of at least one of said recesses (158d, 158'd) is greater than the corresponding dimension B or B' of the corresponding boss (155d, 155'd) of an adjacent brick, generally placed in below thereof, and the edge of the or each recess (158d, 158'd) is spaced a determined distance Se or Se '(respectively) from at least one of said end faces (152, 152 '), namely at least the end face located on the side of said space (13, 14), so as to form a stop. The determined distances Se and Se 'are typically between 10 and 30% of the length L1 of the corresponding bricks (15a, 15b).

Le jeu entre un Ć©videment (158d, 158d') et le bossage (155d, 155'd) correspondant, c'est-Ć -dire le supplĆ©ment dimensionnel de l'Ć©videment par rapport au bossage, permet des dĆ©placements relatifs de la premiĆØre brique par rapport Ć  la troisiĆØme brique dans le sens long de la cloison lorsque les briques de la cloison se dilatent ou se contractent sous l'effet des variations de tempĆ©rature du four en cours d'utilisation. Ces dĆ©placements font varier la largeur du joint de dilatation, qui absorbe ainsi les variations de dimension des briques de la cloison.The clearance between a recess (158d, 158d ') and the boss (155d, 155'd) corresponding, that is to say the additional dimension of the recess relative to the boss, allows relative displacements of the first brick relative to the third brick in the long direction of the partition when the bricks of the partition expand or contract under the effect of oven temperature changes in use. These displacements vary the width of the expansion joint, which thus absorbs the dimensional variations of the bricks of the partition.

Le ou chaque bossage correspondant (155d, 155'd) peut Ć©galement ĆŖtre espacĆ© d'une distance dĆ©terminĆ©e Sb ou Sb' (respectivement) de la face d'extrĆ©mitĆ© correspondante (152, 152'), qui est destinĆ©e Ć  ĆŖtre adjacente audit espace (13, 14). Les distances dĆ©terminĆ©es Sb et Sb' sont typiquement comprises entre 10 et 30 % de la longueur L1 des dites briques (15a, 15b).The or each corresponding boss (155d, 155'd) may also be spaced apart by a determined distance Sb or Sb '(respectively) from the corresponding end face (152, 152'), which is intended to be adjacent to said space (13, 14). The determined distances Sb and Sb 'are typically between 10 and 30% of the length L1 of said bricks (15a, 15b).

Dans le mode de rƩalisation de invention illustrƩ Ơ la figure 3, ledit Ʃvidement (158d, 158'd) ne s'Ʃtend pas jusqu'Ơ la face d'extrƩmitƩ opposƩe au joint, c'est-Ơ-dire qu'il ne dƩbouche pas sur cette face d'extrƩmitƩ.In the embodiment of the invention illustrated in figure 3 , said recess (158d, 158'd) does not extend to the opposite end face to the seal, that is to say it does not open on this end face.

Lesdites dimensions E et E' sont de prƩfƩrence infƩrieures Ơ environ 20 % de la longueur L1 des briques, et typiquement infƩrieures Ơ 15 % de L1 environ, afin d'Ʃviter de les fragiliser.Said dimensions E and E 'are preferably less than about 20% of the length L1 of the bricks, and typically less than about 15% of L1, in order to avoid embrittlement.

Dans les figures 3 et 5, les briques 15a, 15b et 15c correspondent respectivement aux dites premiĆØre, deuxiĆØme et troisiĆØme briques.In the figures 3 and 5 , the bricks 15a, 15b and 15c respectively correspond to said first, second and third bricks.

Le joint de dilatation (13, 14) correspond Ć  l'espacement, de largeur J, entre la face d'extrĆ©mitĆ© de la premiĆØre brique (15a) et la face d'extrĆ©mitĆ© de la deuxiĆØme brique (15b) en regard de celle-ci. Le joint de dilatation (13, 14) est de prĆ©fĆ©rence situĆ© sensiblement au centre de la troisiĆØme brique (15c) afin de simplifier la rĆ©alisation de l'assemblage.The expansion joint (13, 14) corresponds to the spacing, of width J, between the end face of the first brick (15a) and the end face of the second brick (15b) opposite this this. The expansion joint (13, 14) is preferably located substantially in the center of the third brick (15c) in order to simplify the assembly.

Une cloison comporte typiquement une pluralitĆ© de joints de dilatations (13, 14), de prĆ©fĆ©rence au moins un joint de dilatation par rangĆ©e de briques continue. L'utilisation de plusieurs joints de dilatation pour une mĆŖme rangĆ©e de briques permet de rĆ©partir la compensation des dilatations et d'Ć©viter ainsi une grande ouverture entre les deux briques qui dĆ©limitent le joint, ce qui pourrait fragiliser la cloison. En pratique, comme le montre la figure 5, il est suffisant de n'amĆ©nager des joints de dilatation que dans les rangĆ©es de briques qui ne sont pas interrompues par une ouverture (6) (rangĆ©es C1 Ć  C4 dans la figure 5).A partition typically includes a plurality of expansion joints (13, 14), preferably at least one continuous brick row expansion joint. The use of several expansion joints for the same row of bricks makes it possible to distribute the compensation of the expansions and thus to avoid a large opening between the two bricks which delimit the joint, which could weaken the partition. In practice, as shown in figure 5 , it is sufficient to fit expansion joints only in the rows of bricks that are not interrupted by an opening (6) (rows C1 to C4 in the figure 5 ).

Les joints de dilatation d'une cloison peuvent ĆŖtre de diffĆ©rentes largeurs J. Par exemple, la cloison illustrĆ©e Ć  la figure 5 comprend des joints de dilatation de deux largeurs diffĆ©rentes, Ć  savoir les joints 13 ayant une premiĆØre largeur, J1 et les joints 14 ayant une deuxiĆØme largeur J2. Afin d'obtenir le mĆŖme degrĆ© de libertĆ© pour absorber la dilatation des briques dans ce cas particulier, la premiĆØre largeur J1 des joints 13 est Ć©gale Ć  environ la moitiĆ© de la deuxiĆØme largeur J2 des joints 14 car les rangĆ©es C1 et C3 comportent un nombre de joints de dilatation (13) Ć©gal au double du nombre de joints de dilatation (14) des rangĆ©es intermĆ©diaires C2 et C4.The expansion joints of a partition may be of different widths J. For example, the partition illustrated in FIG. figure 5 comprises expansion joints of two different widths, namely joints 13 having a first width, J1 and joints 14 having a second width J2. In order to obtain the same degree of freedom to absorb the expansion of the bricks in this particular case, the first width J1 of the seals 13 is equal to about half of the second width J2 of the seals 14 because the rows C1 and C3 comprise a number of expansion joints (13) equal to twice the number of expansion joints (14) of intermediate rows C2 and C4.

La largeur J des joints de dilatation est de prĆ©fĆ©rence faible par rapport Ć  la longueur L1 des briques afin de ne pas affecter sensiblement la soliditĆ© de la cloison. La largeur J est typiquement 5 mm Ć  20 mm. Dans le cas illustrĆ© Ć  la figure 5 oĆ¹ les joints ont deux largeurs diffĆ©rentes, la premiĆØre largeur J1 est typiquement comprise entre 10 Ć  20 mm et la deuxiĆØme largeur J2 est typiquement comprise entre 5 et 10 mm.The width J of the expansion joints is preferably small relative to the length L1 of the bricks so as not to substantially affect the strength of the partition. The width J is typically 5 mm to 20 mm. In the case illustrated in figure 5 where the seals have two different widths, the first width J1 is typically between 10 to 20 mm and the second width J2 is typically between 5 and 10 mm.

Selon l'invention, lesdites premiĆØre, deuxiĆØme et troisiĆØme briques ne sont pas scellĆ©es rigidement l'une Ć  l'autre afin de permettre leur dĆ©placement relatif lors de l'utilisation du four. En particulier, il est prĆ©fĆ©rable de ne pas introduire de matĆ©riau de scellement entre ces briques. Un matĆ©riau rĆ©fractaire non-scellant peut avantageusement ĆŖtre interposĆ© entre ces briques pour faciliter leurs dĆ©placements relatifs, pour ajuster le niveau et/ou pour augmenter l'Ć©tanchĆ©itĆ©.According to the invention, said first, second and third bricks are not rigidly sealed to each other in order to allow their relative displacement when using the oven. In particular, it is preferable not to introduce sealing material between these bricks. A non-sealing refractory material may advantageously be interposed between these bricks to facilitate their relative movements, to adjust the level and / or to increase the seal.

Dans un mode de rĆ©alisation prĆ©fĆ©rĆ© de l'invention, la deuxiĆØme brique (15b) comporte Ć©galement au moins un Ć©videment (158'd) sur sa face d'assemblage en regard de la troisiĆØme brique (15c), ledit Ć©videment (158'd) ayant une dimension E' dans le sens long L de la cloison, la troisiĆØme brique (15c) comporte au moins un deuxiĆØme bossage (155'd) sur sa face d'assemblage en regard de la deuxiĆØme brique (15b), ledit deuxiĆØme bossage (155'd) ayant une dimension B' dans le sens long L de la cloison et Ć©tant engagĆ© dans ledit Ć©videment, la dimension E' dudit Ć©videment (158'd) est plus grande que la dimension B' dudit deuxiĆØme bossage (155'd), et ledit Ć©videment (158'd) est espacĆ© d'une distance dĆ©terminĆ©e Se' de la face d'extrĆ©mitĆ© (152') adjacente audit espace (13, 14). Cette configuration prĆ©fĆ©rentielle permet de simplifier sensiblement la conception et la rĆ©alisation de la cloison.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the second brick (15b) also comprises at least one recess (158'd) on its assembly face opposite the third brick (15c), said recess (158'd). ) having a dimension E 'in the long direction L of the partition, the third brick (15c) comprises at least a second boss (155'd) on its assembly face facing the second brick (15b), said second boss (155'd) having a dimension B 'in the long direction L of the partition and being engaged in said recess, the dimension E' of said recess (158'd) is larger than the dimension B 'of said second boss (155 'd), and said recess (158'd) is spaced a determined distance Se' from the end face (152 ') adjacent said space (13, 14). This preferred configuration makes it possible to substantially simplify the design and construction of the partition.

La figure 3 illustre un mode de rĆ©alisation dans lequel chacune des deux briques qui dĆ©limitent le joint de dilatation (13, 14), c'est-Ć -dire lesdites premiĆØre (15a) et deuxiĆØme (15b) briques, possĆØde un Ć©lĆ©ment de verrouillage selon l'invention, Ć  savoir un Ć©videment (158d, 158'd) plus large que le bossage correspondant (155d, 155'd) sur ladite troisiĆØme brique (15c) et espacĆ© d'une distance dĆ©terminĆ©e (Se, Se') de l'espace (13, 14) formant le joint de dilatation. Dans ce mode de rĆ©alisation, les dimensions (E et E', B et B') et les distances (Se et Se', Sb et Sb') sont typiquement sensiblement Ć©gales, respectivement.The figure 3 illustrates an embodiment in which each of the two bricks which delimit the expansion joint (13, 14), i.e. said first (15a) and second (15b) bricks, has a locking element according to the invention, namely a recess (158d, 158'd) wider than the corresponding boss (155d, 155'd) on said third brick (15c) and spaced a determined distance (Se, Se ') from space (13, 14) forming the expansion joint. In this embodiment, the dimensions (E and E ', B and B') and the distances (Se and Se ', Sb and Sb') are typically substantially equal, respectively.

La diffƩrence D ou D' entre ladite dimension E ou E' et ladite dimension B ou B', respectivement, est de prƩfƩrence supƩrieure Ơ 10 mm, de prƩfƩrence encore supƩrieure Ơ 12 mm, et typiquement comprise entre 14 et 20 mm. Une diffƩrence infƩrieure Ơ 10 mm ne permet pas d'assurer une marge de dƩplacement relatif desdites briques suffisante pour compenser la dilatation de la cloison.The difference D or D 'between said dimension E or E' and said dimension B or B ', respectively, is preferably greater than 10 mm, more preferably greater than 12 mm, and typically between 14 and 20 mm. A difference of less than 10 mm does not provide a margin of relative movement of said bricks sufficient to compensate for the expansion of the partition.

Dans les figures 3 et 5, ladite premiĆØre brique (15a) se situe au-dessus de ladite troisiĆØme brique (15c), ledit Ć©videment (158d) est tournĆ© vers le bas et se situe sur ladite premiĆØre brique (15a) et ledit premier bossage correspondant (155d) est tournĆ© vers le haut et se situe sur ladite troisiĆØme brique (15c). La configuration est de prĆ©fĆ©rence la mĆŖme dans la variante de l'invention selon laquelle la deuxiĆØme brique (15b) comporte un Ć©videment (158'd) et la troisiĆØme brique (15c) comporte un deuxiĆØme bossage (155'd).In the figures 3 and 5 said first brick (15a) is located above said third brick (15c), said recess (158d) is facing down and is located on said first brick (15a) and said corresponding first boss (155d) is rotated upwards and is located on said third brick (15c). The configuration is preferably the same in the variant of the invention wherein the second brick (15b) has a recess (158'd) and the third brick (15c) has a second boss (155'd).

Avantageusement, les briques peuvent ĆŖtre superposĆ©es de maniĆØre Ć  ce que, Ć  froid (au moment du montage de la cloison), le centre dudit premier et/ou deuxiĆØme bossage (1 55d, 155'd) soit dĆ©calĆ© d'une distance dĆ©terminĆ©e C ou C', respectivement, par.rapport au centre de l'Ć©videment correspondant (158d, 158'd). Par exemple, comme illustrĆ© aux figures 3 et 5, le centre de l'Ć©videment (158d, 158'd) est plus Ć©loignĆ© du joint de dilatation (13, 14) que le centre du bossage (155d, 155'd); l'espace A entre la surface du bossage (155d, 155'd) et la surface de l'Ć©videment correspondant (158d, 158'd) est alors plus faible du cĆ“tĆ© du joint de dilatation (et donc dudit espace (13, 14)) que du cĆ“tĆ© opposĆ©. Cette disposition permet de limiter efficacement l'ouverture du joint de dilatation en cours d'utilisation du four.Advantageously, the bricks can be superimposed so that, cold (at the time of assembly of the partition), the center of said first and / or second boss (155d, 155'd) is shifted by a determined distance C or C ', respectively, relative to the center of the corresponding recess (158d, 158'd). For example, as illustrated in figures 3 and 5 the center of the recess (158d, 158'd) is farther from the expansion joint (13, 14) than the center of the boss (155d, 155'd); the space A between the surface of the boss (155d, 155'd) and the surface of the corresponding recess (158d, 158'd) is then smaller on the side of the expansion joint (and therefore of said space (13, 14 )) than the opposite side. This arrangement effectively limits the opening of the expansion joint during use of the oven.

Afin de limiter les Ć©changes gazeux Ć  travers la cloison, lesdits bossages (155d, 155'd) et lesdits premier et deuxiĆØme Ć©videments (158d, 158'd) peuvent ne pas s'Ć©tendre jusqu'Ć  au moins une desdites faces latĆ©rales (151), c'est-Ć -dire qu'ils peuvent ne pas dĆ©boucher sur au moins une des faces latĆ©rales (151).In order to limit gaseous exchange through the partition, said bosses (155d, 155'd) and said first and second recesses (158d, 158'd) may not extend to at least one of said lateral faces (151d, 155'd). ), that is to say that they may not lead to at least one of the lateral faces (151).

Les bossages (155) et les Ć©videments (158) peuvent prendre diffĆ©rentes formes. Tels qu'illustrĆ©s aux figures 3 Ć  7, les bossages (155) prennent typiquement la forme de cordons et les Ć©videments (158) prennent la forme de gorges. Dans un mode de rĆ©alisation avantageux de l'invention, ledit premier bossage (155d) est un premier cordon droit, disposĆ© perpendiculairement aux faces latĆ©rales de la brique (et donc perpendiculairement au sens long L de la cloison), et ledit premier Ć©videment (158d) est une premiĆØre gorge droite, disposĆ©e perpendiculairement aux faces latĆ©rales de la brique (et donc perpendiculairement au sens long L de la cloison). La largeur du premier cordon droit correspond Ć  ladite dimension B et la largeur de la premiĆØre gorge droite correspond Ć  ladite dimension E. De faƧon similaire, le cas Ć©chĆ©ant, ledit deuxiĆØme bossage (155'd) est avantageusement un deuxiĆØme cordon droit, disposĆ© perpendiculairement aux faces latĆ©rales de la brique (et donc perpendiculairement au sens long L de la cloison), et ledit Ć©videment correspondant (158'd) est avantageusement une gorge droite, disposĆ©e perpendiculairement aux faces latĆ©rales de la brique (et donc perpendiculairement au sens long L de la cloison). La largeur du deuxiĆØme cordon droit correspond Ć  ladite dimension B' et la largeur de la gorge adroite correspondante correspond Ć  ladite dimension E'.The bosses (155) and the recesses (158) can take different forms. As illustrated in Figures 3 to 7 , the bosses (155) typically take the form of cords and the recesses (158) take the form of grooves. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, said first boss (155d) is a first straight bead, arranged perpendicular to the lateral faces of the brick (and therefore perpendicular to the long direction L of the partition), and said first recess (158d ) is a first straight groove, arranged perpendicular to the lateral faces of the brick (and therefore perpendicular to the long direction L of the partition). The width of the first straight bead corresponds to said dimension B and the width of the first straight groove corresponds to said dimension E. Similarly, if necessary, said second boss (155 'd) is advantageously a second straight bead, arranged perpendicularly to the lateral faces of the brick (and therefore perpendicular to the long direction L of the partition), and said corresponding recess (158'd) is advantageously a straight groove, arranged perpendicularly to the lateral faces of the brick (and therefore perpendicular to the long direction L of the partition). The width of the second straight bead corresponds to said dimension B 'and the width of the corresponding adroit groove corresponds to said dimension E'.

De maniĆØre avantageuse, lesdites premiĆØre (15a) et deuxiĆØme (15b) briques comportent en outre au moins une gorge droite (158a, 158b) disposĆ©e parallĆØlement aux faces latĆ©rales (151) (et donc parallĆØlement au sens long de la cloison) et ladite troisiĆØme brique (15c) comporte au moins un cordon droit (155a, 155b) Ć©galement disposĆ© parallĆØlement aux faces latĆ©rales (151) (et donc parallĆØlement au sens long de la cloison) et correspondant au dit cordon droit. Ces cordons et ces gorges peuvent ainsi guider le dĆ©placement des briques les unes par rapport aux autres lors des dilatations thermiques et maintenir la cohĆ©sion de la cloison. Afin de simplifier leur rĆ©alisation et leur utilisation, les briques selon cette variante de l'invention comportent avantageusement au moins un cordon droit (155a, 155b) disposĆ© parallĆØlement aux faces latĆ©rales (151) sur une face d'assemblage (typiquement sur la premiĆØre face d'assemblage (153)) et au moins une gorge droite (158a, 158b), correspondant au dit cordon droit (et en regard de celui-ci), Ć©galement disposĆ©e parallĆØlement aux faces latĆ©rales (151) sur la face d'assemblage opposĆ©e (typiquement sur la deuxiĆØme face d'assemblage (156)).Advantageously, said first (15a) and second (15b) bricks further comprise at least one straight groove (158a, 158b) disposed parallel to the side faces (151) (and therefore parallel to the long direction of the partition) and said third brick (15c) has at least one straight bead (155a, 155b) also disposed parallel to the side faces (151) (and therefore parallel to the long direction of the partition) and corresponding to said right cord. These cords and throats can thus guide the movement of the bricks relative to each other during thermal expansion and maintain the cohesion of the partition. In order to simplify their production and their use, the bricks according to this variant of the invention advantageously comprise at least one straight bead (155a, 155b) arranged parallel to the side faces (151) on an assembly face (typically on the first face assembly (153)) and at least one straight groove (158a, 158b), corresponding to said right bead (and opposite it), also arranged parallel to the side faces (151) on the opposite assembly face (typically on the second assembly face (156)).

Afin d'obtenir de maniĆØre simple le supplĆ©ment dimensionnel selon l'invention, la ou chaque gorge droite (158d, 158'd) peut possĆ©der un fond sensiblement plat de largeur dĆ©terminĆ©e P ou P', cette largeur Ć©tant typiquement supĆ©rieure ou Ć©gale Ć  ladite diffĆ©rence D ou D', respectivement. Cette variante de invention prĆ©sente l'avantage de permettre d'Ć©viter de diminuer l'Ć©paisseur de la brique au niveau de la ou des gorges (158d, 158'd). Dans l'exemple de rĆ©alisation illustrĆ© Ć  la figure 4, le centre de l'Ć©videment destinĆ© Ć  ĆŖtre situĆ© du cĆ“tĆ© dudit espace (13, 14) est alors Ć  une distance Sc (typiquement Ć©gale Ć  d2 + P/2) de la face d'extrĆ©mitĆ© (152) correspondante. La distance Sc est typiquement comprise entre 15 et 30 % de la longueur L1 de la brique.In order to easily obtain the dimensional supplement according to the invention, the or each straight groove (158d, 158'd) may have a substantially flat bottom of determined width P or P ', this width being typically greater than or equal to said difference D or D ', respectively. This variant of the invention has the advantage of making it possible to avoid reducing the thickness of the brick at the groove (s) (158d, 158'd). In the exemplary embodiment illustrated in figure 4 , the center of the recess to be located on the side of said space (13, 14) is then at a distance Sc (typically equal to d2 + P / 2) of the corresponding end face (152). The distance Sc is typically between 15 and 30% of the length L1 of the brick.

Comme illustrĆ© dans l'exemple de la figure 4, le centre dudit bossage (155d) peut ĆŖtre dĆ©calĆ© d'une distance dĆ©terminĆ©e Cp par rapport au centre de l'Ć©videment correspondant (158d). La distance de dĆ©calage Cp est faible par rapport Ć  la longueur L1 de la brique ; elle est typiquement comprise entre 5 et 12 mm. Dans cet exemple, le dĆ©calage Cp est sensiblement Ć©gal Ć  la moitiĆ© de la largeur P du fond plat des gorges correspondantes et correspond typiquement Ć  moitiĆ© de ladite diffĆ©rence D.As illustrated in the example of figure 4 the center of said boss (155d) can be shifted by a determined distance Cp from the center of the corresponding recess (158d). The offset distance Cp is small compared to the length L1 of the brick; it is typically between 5 and 12 mm. In this example, the shift Cp is substantially equal to half the width P of the flat bottom of the corresponding grooves and typically corresponds to half of said difference D.

L'invention s'applique avantageusement aux cas oĆ¹ ladite cloison est l'un des murs transversaux (4) dudit four car ces murs ont gĆ©nĆ©ralement une grande longueur.The invention is advantageously applicable to cases where said partition is one of the transverse walls (4) of said furnace because these walls are generally of great length.

L'invention est particuliĆØrement avantageuse dans les cas oĆ¹ lesdits murs (4) comportent des Ć©chancrures (5') dans lesquelles sont encastrĆ©es des cloisons creuses (3) car la limitation des dĆ©placements relatifs des briques permet de limiter les variations de largeur de l'Ć©chancrure (5') et de prĆ©server l'Ć©tanchĆ©itĆ© des joints de dilatation Ć©tanches entre les cloisons creuses (3) et le bord des Ć©chancrures (5'). Dans cette application, le mur comporte typiquement des briques selon l'invention (15', 15") et des briques connues (16, 17). Les briques (15', 15") selon l'invention, et plus prĆ©cisĆ©ment lesdites premiĆØre (15a), deuxiĆØme (15b) et troisiĆØme (15c) briques, sont placĆ©es en tout ou partie dans les Ć©chancrures (5'). Les figures 5 Ć  7 concernent plus spĆ©cifiquement cette application avantageuse de l'invention.The invention is particularly advantageous in the cases where said walls (4) comprise notches (5 ') in which hollow partitions (3) are embedded because the limitation of the relative displacements of the bricks makes it possible to limit the width variations of the notch (5 ') and to preserve the tightness of the tight expansion joints between the hollow partitions (3) and the edge of the indentations (5'). In this application, the wall typically comprises bricks according to the invention (15 ', 15 ") and known bricks (16, 17) .The bricks (15', 15") according to the invention, and more specifically said bricks (15a), second (15b) and third (15c) bricks, are placed wholly or partly in the notches (5 '). The Figures 5 to 7 relate more specifically to this advantageous application of the invention.

La figure 5(A) montre une disposition des briques d'un mur transversal (4) selon l'invention, reprĆ©sentĆ© en vue partielle et en perspective. La figure 5(B) illustre l'emboĆ®tement desdites premiĆØre (15a), deuxiĆØme (15b) et troisiĆØme (15c) briques. Dans cet exemple, la brique 15c est une brique "Ć  double joint" (15'), comme celle illustrĆ©e Ć  la figure 6, et les briques 15a et 15b sont des briques "mixtes" ou "Ć  joint unique" (15"), comme celle illustrĆ©e Ć  la figure 7.The Figure 5 (A) shows an arrangement of the bricks of a transverse wall (4) according to the invention, shown in partial view and in perspective. The Figure 5 (B) illustrates the interlocking of said first (15a), second (15b) and third (15c) bricks. In this example, the brick 15c is a "double-joint" brick (15 '), as illustrated in FIG. figure 6 , and the bricks 15a and 15b are "mixed" or "single joint" bricks (15 "), as illustrated in FIG. figure 7 .

Dans les figures 6 et 7, la figure (A) correspond Ơ une face latƩrale (151) de la brique, la figure (B) correspond Ơ une face d'assemblage (153 ou 156), la figure (C) correspond Ơ une face d'extrƩmitƩ (152) et la figure (D) correspond Ơ la face d'assemblage opposƩe Ơ celle de la figure (B).In the figures 6 and 7 , the figure (A) corresponds to a lateral face (151) of the brick, the figure (B) corresponds to an assembly face (153 or 156), the figure (C) corresponds to an end face (152) and the figure (D) corresponds to the opposite assembly face to that of the figure (B) .

Les briques (15') situĆ©es au centre des Ć©chancrures (5'), et reprĆ©sentĆ©es Ć  la figure 6, possĆØdent, sur une face d'assemblage (153), deux cordons (155a, 155b) droits parallĆØles aux faces latĆ©rales (151) et disposĆ©s Ć  la mĆŖme distance d1 des faces latĆ©rales (151), et, sur la face d'assemblage opposĆ©e (156), deux gorges (158a, 158b) droites, parallĆØles aux faces latĆ©rales (151), sensiblement en regard des cordons correspondants (155a, 155b) et sensiblement complĆ©mentaires Ć  ceux-ci. Ces briques (15') possĆØdent Ć©galement, sur une face d'assemblage (153), deux cordons (155d, 155'd) droits perpendiculaires aux faces latĆ©rales (151) et disposĆ©s Ć  une mĆŖme distance d2 des faces d'extrĆ©mitĆ© (152, 152'), et, sur la face d'assemblage opposĆ©e (156), deux gorges (158d, 158'd) droites, perpendiculaires aux faces latĆ©rales (151), sensiblement en regard des cordons correspondants (155c, 155d) et sensiblement complĆ©mentaires Ć  ceux-ci. La largeur E et E' de ces deux derniĆØres gorges (158d, 158'd) a un supplĆ©ment P et P' par rapport Ć  la largeur B et B' des deux cordons (155d, 155'd) correspondants.The bricks (15 ') located in the center of the notches (5'), and represented in the figure 6 , have on an assembly face (153), two cords (155a, 155b) straight parallel to the side faces (151) and arranged at the same distance d1 side faces (151), and on the assembly face opposite (156), two straight grooves (158a, 158b) parallel to the side faces (151), substantially opposite the corresponding cords (155a, 155b) and substantially complementary thereto. These bricks (15 ') also have, on an assembly face (153), two strings (155d, 155'd) straight perpendicular to the lateral faces (151) and arranged at the same distance d2 from the end faces (152 152 ') and on the opposite mounting face (156), two grooves (158d, 158'd) straight, perpendicular to the side faces (151), substantially opposite the corresponding cords (155c, 155d) and substantially complementary thereto. The width E and E 'of these two last grooves (158d, 158'd) has a supplement P and P' with respect to the width B and B 'of the two cords (155d, 155'd) corresponding.

Les briques (15") situĆ©es sur le cĆ“tĆ© des Ć©chancrures (5'), et reprĆ©sentĆ©es Ć  la figure 7, possĆØdent, sur une face d'assemblage (153), un premier cordon (155d) droit, perpendiculaire aux faces latĆ©rales (151) et disposĆ© Ć  une distance d2 d'une premiĆØre face d'extrĆ©mitĆ© (152), et, sur la face d'assemblage opposĆ©e (156), une premiĆØre gorge (158d) droite, perpendiculaire aux faces latĆ©rales (151), sensiblement en regard du cordon correspondant (155d) et sensiblement complĆ©mentaire Ć  celui-ci. La largeur E de cette premiĆØre gorge (158d) a un supplĆ©ment de largeur P par rapport Ć  la largeur B du premier cordon (155d) correspondant. Ces briques (15") possĆØdent Ć©galement, sur la mĆŖme face d'assemblage (153) que le premier cordon, un deuxiĆØme cordon (155c) droit, perpendiculaire aux faces latĆ©rales (151) et disposĆ© Ć  une mĆŖme distance d2 de la face d'extrĆ©mitĆ© (152') opposĆ©e Ć  la premiĆØre face d'extrĆ©mitĆ© (152), et, sur la face d'assemblage opposĆ©e (156), une deuxiĆØme gorge (158c) droite, perpendiculaire aux faces latĆ©rales (151), sensiblement en regard du cordon correspondant (155c) et sensiblement complĆ©mentaire Ć  celui-ci. La largeur E' de la deuxiĆØme gorge (158c) est plus petite que ladite dimension E. La largeur B' du deuxiĆØme cordon (155c) est sensiblement Ć©gale Ć  ladite dimension B. La configuration des cordons 155a, 155b et 155c et des gorges 158a, 158b et 158c les rend compatibles avec les briques (16) utilisĆ©es pour la construction des autres Ć©lĆ©ments du mur (4). Ces briques (15") possĆØdent en outre, sur une face d'assemblage (153), deux cordons (155a, 155b) droits, parallĆØles aux faces latĆ©rales (151) et disposĆ©s Ć  la mĆŖme distance d1 des faces latĆ©rales (151), et, sur la face d'assemblage opposĆ©e (156), deux gorges (158a, 158b) droites, parallĆØles aux faces latĆ©rales (151), sensiblement en regard des cordons correspondants (155a, 155b) et sensiblement complĆ©mentaires Ć  ceux-ci.The bricks (15 ") located on the side of the indentations (5 '), and represented on the figure 7 , have, on an assembly face (153), a first bead (155d) straight, perpendicular to the side faces (151) and disposed at a distance d2 from a first end face (152), and, on the opposed assembly face (156), a first groove (158d), perpendicular to the side faces (151), substantially opposite the corresponding bead (155d) and substantially complementary thereto. The width E of this first groove (158d) has an additional width P relative to the width B of the corresponding first cord (155d). These bricks (15 ") also have, on the same assembly face (153) as the first cord, a second bead (155c) straight, perpendicular to the side faces (151) and disposed at the same distance d2 from the face d end (152 ') opposite the first end face (152), and on the opposite mounting face (156), a second straight groove (158c) perpendicular to the side faces (151), substantially opposite the corresponding bead (155c) and substantially complementary thereto The width E 'of the second groove (158c) is smaller than said dimension E. The width B' of the second bead (155c) is substantially equal to said dimension B The configuration of the cords 155a, 155b and 155c and the grooves 158a, 158b and 158c makes them compatible with the bricks (16) used for the construction of the other elements of the wall (4). on an assembly face (153), two straight parallel cords (155a, 155b) at the side faces (151) and arranged at the same distance d1 from the side faces (151), and on the opposite assembly face (156), two straight grooves (158a, 158b) parallel to the side faces (151), substantially facing the corresponding cords (155a, 155b) and substantially complementary thereto.

Les briques (15') et (15") possĆØdent entre outre des surfaces planes (154, 157) entre les cordons et les gorges qui servent de surface de glissement (19) des briques les unes sur les autres (voir la figure 3).The bricks (15 ') and (15 ") furthermore have plane surfaces (154, 157) between the cords and the grooves which serve as sliding surfaces (19) of the bricks on one another (see FIG. figure 3 ).

Tels qu'illustrĆ©s aux figures 5 Ć  7, les briques selon l'invention, y compris leurs bossages et Ć©videments, peuvent ĆŖtre symĆ©triques par rapport Ć  un plan parallĆØle aux faces latĆ©rales (151) afin de simplifier leur utilisation.As illustrated in Figures 5 to 7 , bricks according to the invention, including their bosses and recesses, may be symmetrical with respect to a plane parallel to the side faces (151) to simplify their use.

Les briques selon l'invention possĆØdent typiquement une forme sensiblement hexaĆ©drique, et en particulier une forme sensiblement parallĆ©lĆ©pipĆ©dique.The bricks according to the invention typically have a substantially hexahedral shape, and in particular a substantially parallelepiped shape.

Lesdits bossages et Ć©videments ont typiquement une forme arrondie. Par exemple, tel qu'illustrĆ© Ć  la figure 4, cette forme arrondie peut ĆŖtre dĆ©finie en tout ou partie par des rayons de courbures R1, R2, R3 et R4, dont le centre peut se situer dans le plan de la surface plane de la face d'assemblage ou ĆŖtre dĆ©calĆ© d'une distance X par rapport Ć  cette surface.Said bosses and recesses typically have a rounded shape. For example, as illustrated in figure 4 this rounded shape may be defined in whole or in part by radii of curvature R1, R2, R3 and R4, the center of which may lie in the plane of the flat surface of the assembly face or may be offset by a distance X with respect to this surface.

Le four Ơ feu tournant selon l'invention est destinƩ Ơ la cuisson de blocs carbonƩs, notamment les anodes de cellule d'Ʃlectrolyse ignƩe destinƩes Ơ la production d'aluminium.The rotary kiln according to the invention is intended for cooking carbonaceous blocks, in particular the anodes of igneous electrolysis cell intended for the production of aluminum.

Claims (35)

  1. Ring furnace comprising a plurality of inner partitions (3, 4) forming a series of distinct firing sections (1, 10, 11, 12) and pits (2) within the sections, said partitions (3, 4) comprising transversal walls (4) to separate said sections and hollow partitions (3) to separate the pits (2), at least one of said inner partitions (3, 4) being formed by a plurality of bricks (15, 16, 17) made of a refractory material including at least a first (15a), a second (15b) and a third (15c) brick, each comprising at least two opposite lateral faces (151), positioned in parallel to the longitudinal direction L of the partition, two opposite end faces (152, 152') and two opposite assembly faces (153, 156) and each comprising at least one flat surface (154, 157), said first (15a) and said second (15b) bricks being situated above or below said third brick (15c) and positioned so that their end faces facing one another are separated by a space (13, 14) of width J, characterised in that said first brick (15a) has at least a first recess (158d) on its assembly face opposite the third brick (15c), said recess (158d) having a dimension E in said longitudinal direction L of said partition, in that said third brick (15c) has at least a first projection (155d) on its assembly face facing said first brick (15a), said first projection (155d) having a dimension B in said longitudinal direction L of said partition and being inserted into said recess, in that, so as to allow relative movements between said first and said third bricks in said longitudinal direction of said partition during the operation of the furnace, said dimension E of said recess (158d) is greater than said dimension B of said first projection (155d), and in that, in order to form a stop for said projection on the side of said space, said recess (158d) is positioned at a determined distance Se from the end face (152) adjacent to said space (13, 14).
  2. Furnace according to claim 1, characterised in that the centre of said first projection (155d) is offset by a determined distance C with respect to the centre of said recess (158d).
  3. Furnace according to claim 2, characterised in that said offset is such that the space between the surface of said projection (155d) and the surface of said recess (158d) is smaller on the side of said space (13, 14) than on the opposite side.
  4. Furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that said determined distance Se is between 10 and 30 % of the length L1 of said first brick (15a).
  5. Furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that said first projection (155d) is positioned at a determined distance Sb from the end face (152) adjacent to said space (13, 14).
  6. Furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that said first projection (155d) is a first straight tongue, positioned perpendicularly to said longitudinal direction L of said partition and said first recess (158d) is a first straight groove, positioned perpendicularly to said longitudinal direction L of said partition.
  7. Furnace according to claim 6, characterised in that said straight groove (158d) has a bottom that is substantially flat and has a width P greater than or equal to the difference D between said dimension E and said dimension B.
  8. Furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the difference D between said dimension E and said dimension B is greater than 10 mm.
  9. Furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that said second brick (15b) also has at least one recess (158'd) on its assembly face facing said third brick (15c), said recess (158'd) having a dimension E' in said longitudinal direction L of said partition, in that said third brick (15c) has at least a second projection (155'd) on its assembly face facing said second brick (15b), said second projection having a dimension B' in said longitudinal direction L of said partition and being inserted in said recess, in that said dimension E' of said recess (158'd) is greater than said dimension B' of said second projection (155'd), and in that said recess (158'd) is positioned at a determined distance Se' from the end face (152') adjacent to said space (13, 14).
  10. Furnace according to claim 9, characterised in that the centre of said second projection (155'd) is offset by a determined distance C' with respect to the centre of the corresponding recess (158'd).
  11. Furnace according to any one of claims 9 or 10, characterised in that said offset is such that the space between the surface of said second projection (155'd) and the surface of said corresponding recess (158'd) is smaller on the side of said space (13, 14) than on the opposite side.
  12. Furnace according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterised in that said determined distance Se' is between 10 and 30 % of the length L1 of said second brick (15b).
  13. Furnace according to any one of claims 9 to 12, characterised in that said second projection (155'd) is positioned at a determined distance Sb' from the end face (152') adjacent to said space (13, 14).
  14. Furnace according to any one of claims 9 to 13, characterised in that said second projection (155'd) is a second straight tongue, positioned perpendicularly to said longitudinal direction L of said partition and said corresponding recess (158'd) is a straight groove, positioned perpendicularly to said longitudinal direction L of said partition.
  15. Furnace according to claim 14, characterised in that said groove (158'd) has a bottom that is substantially flat and has a width P' greater than or equal to the difference D' between said dimension E' and said dimension B'.
  16. Furnace according to any one of claims 9 to 15, characterised in that said difference D' between said dimension E' and said dimension B' is greater than 10 mm.
  17. Furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterised in that said first (15a) and second (15b) bricks further have at least one straight groove (158a, 158b) positioned in parallel to said lateral faces (151) and in that said third brick (15c) has at least one straight tongue (155a, 155b) also positioned in parallel to said lateral faces (151) and corresponding to said groove.
  18. Furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterised in that said partition is one of the transversal walls (4) of said furnace.
  19. Furnace according to claim 18, characterised in that said transversal wall (4) has indentations (5') in which are embedded hollow partitions (3), and in that said first (15a), second (15b) and third (15c) bricks are positioned completely or partially in the indentations (5').
  20. Brick (15, 15', 15") made of refractory material, designed to be used in the inner partitions (3, 4) of a ring furnace, comprising at least two opposite lateral faces (151), a first end face (152), a second end face (152') opposite said first end face (152), a first assembly face (153) comprising at least one flat surface (154) and at least a first projection (155d) and a second assembly face (156) opposite said first assembly face and comprising at least one flat surface (157) and at least a first recess (158d), said projection (155d) having a dimension B in a direction parallel to said lateral faces (151), said recess (158d) having a dimension E in a direction parallel to said lateral faces (151), characterised in that said dimension E is greater than said dimension B, in that said recess (158d) is positioned at a determined distance Se from said first end face (152), in that said first projection (155d) is a first straight tongue, that is positioned perpendicularly to said lateral faces (151) and whose width is equal to said dimension B, and in that said first recess (158d) is a first straight groove, that is positioned perpendicularly to said lateral faces (151) and whose width is equal to said dimension E and in that said groove (158d) has a bottom that is substantially flat and has a determined width P.
  21. Brick according to claim 20, characterised in that the centre of said first recess (158d) is offset by a distance Cp with respect to the centre of said first projection (155d).
  22. Brick according to any one of claims 20 or 21, characterised in that said offset distance Cp is between 5 and 12 mm.
  23. Brick according to any one of claims 20 to 22, characterised in that the difference D between said dimension E and said dimension B is greater than 10 mm.
  24. Brick according to any one of claims 20 to 23, characterised in that said determined distance Se is between 10 and 30 % of the length L1 of said brick.
  25. Brick according to any one of claims 20 to 24, characterised in that said first projection (155d) is also positioned at a determined distance Sb from said first end face (152).
  26. Brick according to any one of claims 20 to 25, characterised in that it has a second straight groove (158c), positioned perpendicularly to said lateral faces (151), and in that the width E' of said second groove is smaller than said dimension E.
  27. Brick according to any one of claims 20 to 25, characterised in that it has a second straight groove (158'd), positioned perpendicularly to said lateral faces (151), and in that the width E' of said second groove is substantially equal to said dimension E.
  28. Brick according to any one of claims 26 or 27, characterised in that said second straight groove is positioned at a determined distance Se' from said second end face (152').
  29. Brick according to claim 28, characterised in that said determined distance Se' is between 10 and 30 % of the length L1 of said brick.
  30. Brick according to any one of claims 20 to 29, characterised in that it has a second straight tongue positioned at a determined distance Sb' from said second end face (152').
  31. Brick according to any one of claims 26 to 30, characterised in that said second straight groove is positioned on the same assembly face (153) as said first straight groove.
  32. Brick according to any one of claims 20 to 31, characterised in that it has at least one straight tongue (155a, 155b) positioned in parallel to said lateral faces (151) on one assembly face and at least one straight groove (158a, 158b), corresponding to said straight tongue, also positioned in parallel to said lateral faces (151) on the opposite assembly face.
  33. Manufacturing process for carbonaceous blocks (31) wherein:
    - raw carbonaceous blocks are introduced into a furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 19;
    - a determined firing cycle is carried out;
    - the fired carbonaceous blocks are removed from said furnace.
  34. Manufacturing process according to claim 33, wherein the carbonaceous blocks are electrolytic cell anodes designed for the production of aluminium.
  35. Use of a furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 19 for the firing of carbonaceous blocks.
EP06778845A 2005-07-12 2006-07-10 Chamber setting with improved expansion joints and bricks for making same Active EP1907780B9 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI200630139T SI1907780T1 (en) 2005-07-12 2006-07-10 Chamber setting with improved expansion joints and bricks for making same

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0507455A FR2888633B1 (en) 2005-07-12 2005-07-12 ROOM OVEN WITH IMPROVED EXPANSION JOINTS AND BRICKS FOR ITS ACHIEVEMENT
PCT/FR2006/001675 WO2007006962A2 (en) 2005-07-12 2006-07-10 Chamber setting with improved expansion joints and bricks for making same

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1907780A2 EP1907780A2 (en) 2008-04-09
EP1907780B1 true EP1907780B1 (en) 2008-09-10
EP1907780B9 EP1907780B9 (en) 2009-08-12

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06778845A Active EP1907780B9 (en) 2005-07-12 2006-07-10 Chamber setting with improved expansion joints and bricks for making same

Country Status (15)

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US (1) US8069628B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1907780B9 (en)
AR (1) AR055350A1 (en)
AT (1) ATE408109T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2006268489B2 (en)
BR (1) BRPI0612877B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2614453C (en)
DE (1) DE602006002752D1 (en)
EA (1) EA012996B1 (en)
EG (1) EG25134A (en)
ES (1) ES2311285T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2888633B1 (en)
SI (1) SI1907780T1 (en)
WO (1) WO2007006962A2 (en)
ZA (1) ZA200800900B (en)

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EP1992895B1 (en) * 2007-05-14 2015-10-14 Rio Tinto Alcan International Limited Ring furnace including baking pits with a large horizontal aspect ratio and method of baking carbonaceous articles therein
EP1992896A1 (en) * 2007-05-14 2008-11-19 Alcan International Limited Ring furnace including flue walls with built-in expansion joints
US8266853B2 (en) * 2009-05-12 2012-09-18 Vanocur Refractories Llc Corbel repairs of coke ovens
FR2946737B1 (en) * 2009-06-15 2013-11-15 Alcan Int Ltd METHOD FOR CONTROLLING A COOKING FURNACE OF CARBON BLOCKS AND OVEN ADAPTED THEREFOR.
US10533802B2 (en) 2009-07-08 2020-01-14 Macrae Technologies, Inc. Furnace bricks, coolers, and shells/bindings operating in systemic balance
BR112012001100A2 (en) * 2009-07-08 2016-02-23 Berry Metal Co apparatus and method for structure and brick construction
US9121076B2 (en) * 2009-07-08 2015-09-01 Berry Metal Company Stave and brick constructions having refractory wear monitors and in process thermocouples
CN102241995B (en) * 2010-05-11 2014-10-01 äŗ”冶集团äøŠęµ·ęœ‰é™å…¬åø Dry quenching expansion joint firebrick structure construction technology
RU2542171C2 (en) * 2013-04-30 2015-02-20 Š¤ŠµŠ“ŠµŃ€Š°Š»ŃŒŠ½Š¾Šµ Š³Š¾ŃŃƒŠ“Š°Ń€ŃŃ‚Š²ŠµŠ½Š½Š¾Šµ Š±ŃŽŠ“Š¶ŠµŃ‚Š½Š¾Šµ учрŠµŠ¶Š“ŠµŠ½ŠøŠµ Š½Š°ŃƒŠŗŠø Š˜Š½ŃŃ‚Šøтут фŠøŠ·ŠøŠŗŠø ŠæрŠ¾Ń‡Š½Š¾ŃŃ‚Šø Šø Š¼Š°Ń‚ŠµŃ€ŠøŠ°Š»Š¾Š²ŠµŠ“ŠµŠ½Šøя Š”ŠøŠ±ŠøрсŠŗŠ¾Š³Š¾ Š¾Ń‚Š“ŠµŠ»ŠµŠ½Šøя Š Š¾ŃŃŠøŠ¹ŃŠŗŠ¾Š¹ Š°ŠŗŠ°Š“ŠµŠ¼ŠøŠø Š½Š°ŃƒŠŗ (Š˜Š¤ŠŸŠœ Š”Šž Š ŠŠ) Device for thermal processing and method of crystalline sorbent formation
CN111039544A (en) * 2019-12-30 2020-04-21 å½©č™¹ę˜¾ē¤ŗå™Øä»¶č‚”ä»½ęœ‰é™å…¬åø Platinum passageway protection bearing structure

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GB671391A (en) * 1949-05-13 1952-05-07 Carblox Ltd Improvements in blast furnace hearths and blocks therefor
US5277580A (en) * 1993-02-16 1994-01-11 Lea-Con, Inc. Wall construction system for refractory furnaces
DE4433154C2 (en) * 1994-09-17 1998-04-09 Riedhammer Gmbh Co Kg Fireproof wall for a heating duct of an open annular chamber furnace
US5687531A (en) * 1995-02-14 1997-11-18 North American Refractories Company Horizontal flue technology for carbon baking furnace
DE19505683A1 (en) 1995-02-20 1996-08-22 Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete Extractor hood

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EA012996B1 (en) 2010-02-26
WO2007006962A3 (en) 2007-02-15
EP1907780A2 (en) 2008-04-09
FR2888633A1 (en) 2007-01-19
US8069628B2 (en) 2011-12-06
CA2614453A1 (en) 2007-01-18
EG25134A (en) 2011-09-18
US20090126306A1 (en) 2009-05-21
BRPI0612877A2 (en) 2010-11-30
CA2614453C (en) 2015-01-13
DE602006002752D1 (en) 2008-10-23
WO2007006962A2 (en) 2007-01-18
AU2006268489A1 (en) 2007-01-18
ATE408109T1 (en) 2008-09-15
EP1907780B9 (en) 2009-08-12
EA200800293A1 (en) 2008-06-30
AU2006268489B2 (en) 2011-02-10
ES2311285T3 (en) 2009-02-01
AR055350A1 (en) 2007-08-22
BRPI0612877B1 (en) 2020-03-17
SI1907780T1 (en) 2009-02-28
FR2888633B1 (en) 2009-12-04
ZA200800900B (en) 2009-08-26

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