EP0089862A1 - Coke oven battery and process for repairing old batteries - Google Patents

Coke oven battery and process for repairing old batteries Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0089862A1
EP0089862A1 EP83400404A EP83400404A EP0089862A1 EP 0089862 A1 EP0089862 A1 EP 0089862A1 EP 83400404 A EP83400404 A EP 83400404A EP 83400404 A EP83400404 A EP 83400404A EP 0089862 A1 EP0089862 A1 EP 0089862A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
headers
vertical
plane
joint plane
joint
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP83400404A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0089862B2 (en
EP0089862B1 (en
Inventor
Edmond Lyskawa
Paul Roger
Jean Marquis
Etienne Canivez
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Entreprise Lyskawa SA
USINOR SA
ETUDES TECHNIQUES ET REALISATIONS CDF INGENIERIE
Original Assignee
Entreprise Lyskawa SA
USINOR SA
Union Siderurgique du Nord et de lEst de France SA USINOR
ETUDES TECHNIQUES ET REALISATIONS CDF INGENIERIE
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Application filed by Entreprise Lyskawa SA, USINOR SA, Union Siderurgique du Nord et de lEst de France SA USINOR, ETUDES TECHNIQUES ET REALISATIONS CDF INGENIERIE filed Critical Entreprise Lyskawa SA
Priority to AT83400404T priority Critical patent/ATE17018T1/en
Publication of EP0089862A1 publication Critical patent/EP0089862A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0089862B1 publication Critical patent/EP0089862B1/en
Publication of EP0089862B2 publication Critical patent/EP0089862B2/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B29/00—Other details of coke ovens
    • C10B29/02—Brickwork, e.g. casings, linings, walls
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B25/00—Doors or closures for coke ovens
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B29/00—Other details of coke ovens
    • C10B29/06—Preventing or repairing leakages of the brickwork

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a battery of coke ovens and to a method for repairing old batteries.
  • the coke oven batteries consist (see in cross section in Figure 1) of a central part 1 of coal distillation, a front part 2 or machinery and a rear part 3 of coke outlet.
  • the central part 1 essentially consists of a brick structure produced on a base 4 and comprising at 5 a regenerator and at 7 an alternating arrangement, in the longitudinal direction, of oven cells 8 and sides 9 (see FIG. 2) .
  • the oven cells 8 are intended to contain the coal to be distilled and have upper orifices 10 for loading the cells into coal via the hoppers 11 of a charging machine 12 (in the case of charging by gravity).
  • the sides 9 are divided from the front of the battery and towards the rear by a succession of spacers 13 delimiting flues 14 supplied with air and gas so that the heat released by the combustion of the gas produces the distillation of the harden adjacent 8 oven cells.
  • the front part 2 consists of an unloader 15, movable longitudinally to the battery of ovens on rails 15 1 , this unloader being provided with a ram 15 2 , movable in the direction of the arrow F, in order to penetrate by the front port 8 2 of the opposite oven cell for pushing the coke salmon out of this cell through the rear port 8 1 .
  • the movement of the unloader 15 on the rails 15 1 therefore makes it possible to place the ram 15 2 opposite the various furnace cells to unload them after distillation of the coal.
  • This front part 2 also comprises, as shown in FIG. 1, a collector 16 of the gas produced during the distillation of the coal, this gas being brought to this collector by a riser 16 1 and a barrel 16 2 .
  • the rear part of the coke oven battery comprises a coke guide 17 movable longitudinally on rails 17 1 in order to be placed in front of the rear orifice 8 1 of the oven cell 8 to be unloaded, and a coke wagon 18, movable longitudinally to the battery on rails 18 1 so that, when an oven cell 8 is discharged by the ram 15 2 , the coke salmon is deposited in a layer of uniform thickness on the coke wagon 18 which is moves in synchronism with the fall of the coke.
  • This rear part 3 also includes a coke dock 19 on which is poured the coke from wagon 18 for cooling after extinction.
  • the flues 14 of the corners are supplied with air and gas in alternating cycles, the air supply being effected by means of the cells of the regenerator so that the air supplying half of the flues is heated by the cells of the regenerator which were, in the previous cycle, heated by the fumes resulting from the combustion of the gas.
  • the pedestals 9, alternated with the oven cells 8, are produced according to a construction method which is shown in FIG. 2 in horizontal section along A-A in FIG. 1 and in FIG. 3 in perspective.
  • the pedestals 9, separating the oven cells 8, are made by a brick construction surrounded by a vertical metal frame 21, while the rear ends 8 1 of the cells 8 are closed by doors 22 which are open during the feeding of the salmon of coke.
  • This construction of the piers consists of superimposed beds of bricks 23 1 , 23 2 , 23 3 , etc ... which, to constitute the side partitions 24 separating the flues from the oven cells, each consist of panniers 25 and headers 26 , the pannieresses 25 being arranged at the height of the flues 14, while the headers 26 extend, for the same bed, one spacer out of two.
  • the two adjoining panneresses of the same bed have their joint plane situated in the middle of the end faces of the headers of the upper and lower beds, so that the joint plane 27 of two contiguous panes of a bed is located vertically in the middle of the width of the end faces of the two headers 26 of the lower and upper beds (see Figures 3).
  • the batteries of known coke ovens often exhibit, after a few years of operation, damage to the walls 24, whether on the rear side (coke side) or on the front side (machine side), these damage being established over a period of time. length corresponding to several flues 14.
  • the intervention that is required is more important on the coke side than on the machine side because of the abrasion effect of the coke during its discharge and the heating of the metal parts which it causes.
  • the repairs include that of the roof, we also demolish the vaults and cover corresponding to the sidewalls to be repaired, otherwise we proceed, before the demolition of the flues, to support the vaults or to suspend them.
  • the first method it is necessary to fit, at the rate of one seat out of two, cold new panneressses between hot old headers and, for example by supposing that the repair is carried out up to line 29 in FIG. 3, it is necessary to fit new and cold panniers 25 1 between old and hot headers 26 1 .
  • each embedded brick should expand on itself by compressing the binder without its expansion reacting on the new brick above it.
  • the walls 24 are cut along a vertical plane 30, perpendicular to the wall and from top to bottom of the walls, this vertical plane passing through the middle of the headers 26 2 of this plane .
  • This second method however has significant drawbacks and in particular sawing the pedestal is not without shaking the assembly which is a complex assembly of bricks linked together by sorts of tenons and mortises.
  • this second method leads to weakening the headers 26 2 whose width is reduced by half at the height of the joint plane 30, while it is very difficult to obtain a vertical sliding joint which is tight and to avoid consequently the leakage of gas towards the flue or smoke towards the cell, which again leads to the rapid deterioration of the walls and the need for important and delicate follow-up maintenance.
  • British patent n ° 2.050.586 describes a repair process consisting in sawing the damaged part vertically at right from one of the side faces of the headers; the adjacent pannieresses are therefore cut along the joint plane, and the preserved pannieresse part is assembled with a repair brick provided with an internal covering tab.
  • the object of the present invention is in particular to remedy these drawbacks and to this end relates to a battery of coke ovens comprising a brick structure assembled by a binder and placed above a regenerator.
  • this structure delimiting, in the longitudinal direction of the battery, an alternating succession of furnace cells containing the coal to be distilled and legs supplied with air and gas so that the heat released by the combustion of the gas ensures the coking of the coal introduced into the cells, the cells (or ovens) being provided at their upper end with holes for loading the cells in distilled coal, at their rear end with an orifice for discharging the coke to a coke guide and a coke wagon and at their front end of an orifice for the passage of a ram for the discharge of coke salmon through the rear orifice, each pedestal being divided internally and vertically into flues by spacers, while the walls of the pedestals also constituting the walls of the adjacent oven cells consist of a stack of horizontal bricks beds fitted with tenons and mortises, each bed comprising
  • a vertical joint plane established along a vertical alignment of one of the lateral faces of the headers, the two adjoining panneresses of the beds higher and lower than those containing these headers being one elongated, the other shortened by so that their joining joint is in said vertical joint plane.
  • the assembly plane being in the vertical plane is a flat joint assembly with grooves and vertical intermediate ion.
  • the rod of the ioint flat assembly is rectilinear and constituted by an element independent of the purlins and headers and is housed, with the interposition of a binder, in vertical grooves formed in the faces of the ends of these panneresses and the lateral faces of these headers, opposite.
  • the rod consists of elements made of refractory material (silica or silico-aluminous), the length of which is greater than the thickness of a bed of panniers and headers.
  • the vertical ioint plane is established at the height of the second strut of the counters counted from the front and / or rear ends of these pedestals.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore the production of a new coke oven battery or the repair of old batteries which make it possible to avoid, or at least to reduce significantly, the harmful effects resulting from temperature variations and which result in the deterioration of ovens (cracking of joints or bricks, stripping of joints, etc ).
  • the present invention also makes it possible to use materials of a different nature having different characteristics, in particular relating to resistance to thermal shock or resistance to high temperatures, so as to increase the reliability of the construction.
  • the present invention makes it possible to facilitate the construction and repair of oven batteries, as well as to maintain a tight seal at the height of the parts of ovens subjected to different temperature conditions and therefore capable of moving relative to one another. to the other.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 one of the legs 9 of a battery of coke ovens according to the invention is shown, these legs being alternated with the oven cells 8, as shown in FIG. 2.
  • These legs are divided from front to back, by the spacers 31 delimiting the flues 32, the side walls 33 of these legs, which also constitute the walls of the adjacent oven cells 8, being produced by a vertical stacking of beds horizontal 34 1 , 34 2 , 34 3 each made using panniers 35 and headers 36 assembled by a binder.
  • two consecutive struts 36 are separated by two adjoining panniers, while from each bed with adjacent lower and upper beds, the junction plane 38 of two contiguous panniers is located in the middle of the end face of the struts of the beds upper and lower adjacent.
  • this construction is modified near one or both ends of the sides, so as to establish a joint plane which in the example shown is located in a vertical plane 39.
  • the panneresses 35 1, arranged opposite this plane 39 with respect to the adjacent end of the pedestal, have a length such that one of their faces ends is located in this joint plane 39.
  • the facing pannieresses 352 which are situated on the side of the adjacent end of the pedestal with respect to this plane 39, are shortened by a corresponding length so that one of their end faces is also located in this plan 39.
  • This plane 39 is thus, in the example shown, situated at the height of a vertical alignment of a lateral face of the struts 36 and of the side of the lateral edge of these struts which is directed towards the end of the pedestal, as is note on figures 6 and 7.
  • the joint plane 39 could also be located, if desired, at 39 1 on the opposite side of the headers 36.
  • a rod 41 of this assembly 40 is rectilinear and constituted by an independent element, in the example of square section.
  • This rod 41 is housed with the interposition of a binder 42, in recesses 43 of corresponding shape, with a V-profile in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 8, which are formed vertically opposite one another in the end faces of the panneresses or the lateral faces of the headers and thus determining vertical grooves.
  • This rod, as well as the recesses may be of various geometric shapes.
  • these rods 41 are of a length greater than the thickness of a bed 34 1 , 34 2 , 34 3 , etc., that is to say greater than l '' thickness of a pannier or a header and are arranged so that a rod 41, located at the height of a bed, protrudes by its ends in the adjacent upper and lower beds and preferably on half the height of these adjacent beds.
  • the length of a rod is therefore equal to twice the thickness of each bed.
  • this joint plane 39 is preferably made at the height of the second spacer 31 counted from the adjacent end of the pedestal.
  • this joint plane 39 is disposed between the zones which, during the operation of the battery, are subjected to different temperature conditions resulting for example from the greater action of the temperature of the ambient air on the ends of the walls or more significant cooling of the ends of the walls when the adjacent oven cells are discharged.
  • the inner part of the pedestal relative to the joint plane 39 can be made using a siliceous material which is resistant to high temperatures but less well thermal shock when, on the contrary, the part of the pedestal located towards its end relative to this plane 39 will be made using a resistant material less well at high temperatures but better at thermal shocks (silico-aluminous or other).
  • the headers 36 may include stops 44 for positioning the shortest panniers 35 2 coming s 'apply against them.
  • each affected pedestal is demolished up to the vertical plane 39 to be produced, that is to say just upstream of a spacer relative to the adjacent end of the oven.
  • panniers 35 1 are put in place of existing panners, these panners being dimensioned so that their end face directed towards the end of the pedestal is located at the height of this plane 39, that is to say in the extension of the lateral faces of the headers constituting the adjacent upper and lower beds.
  • a corresponding V-shaped groove is cut in the lateral face of the headers so that this set of headers and pannieresses presents towards the outside of the furnace and therefore towards the part to be reconstructed, a vertical plane face, perpendicular to the wall and in which there is a groove, for example V-shaped, constituting an assembly groove with which the new part to be constructed will cooperate with the old part.
  • the end faces of the yes panneresses are located at the height of this vertical ioint plane are also provided with a groove whether they are normal panneresses or shortened panneresses 352 adj a-centes of the upper and lower beds.
  • the ionc 41 is put in place with the interposition of a binder so that this ioint allows free vertical expansion of the new part with respect to the old part without stresses being exerted on each other and while maintaining the tightness of assembly between these two narties.
  • each purlin 35 1 will be arranged a shortened purlin 35 (35 2 ) to then reconstitute the normal apparatus of the flues, as described above.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Primary Cells (AREA)
  • Coke Industry (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

Les parois (33) des piédroits (9) constituant également les parois des cellules de fours présentent, à proximité d'au moins une de leurs extrémités adjacentes aux ouvertures avant et arrière des cellules de fours, un plan de joint vertical (39) établi le long d'un alignement vertical de l'une des faces latérales des boutisses (36), les deux panneresses jointives des lits supérieur et inférieur à ceux contennant ces boutisses étant l'une (351) allongée, l'autre (352) raccourcie de sorte que leur joint d'assemblage se trouve dans ledit plan de joint vertical (39).The walls (33) of the sides (9) also constituting the walls of the oven cells have, near at least one of their ends adjacent to the front and rear openings of the oven cells, a vertical joint plane (39) established along a vertical alignment of one of the lateral faces of the headers (36), the two adjoining panneresses of the upper and lower beds to those containing these headers being one (351) elongated, the other (352) shortened so that their joining joint is in said vertical joint plane (39).

Description

L'invention concerne une batterie de fours à coke et un procédé pour la réparation de batteries anciennes.The invention relates to a battery of coke ovens and to a method for repairing old batteries.

Les batteries de fours à coke se composent (voir en coupe transversale sur la figure 1) d'une partie centrale 1 de distillation de la houille, d'une partie avant 2 ou machinerie et d'une partie arrière 3 de sortie du coke.The coke oven batteries consist (see in cross section in Figure 1) of a central part 1 of coal distillation, a front part 2 or machinery and a rear part 3 of coke outlet.

La partie centrale 1 se compose essentiellement d'une structure en briques réalisée sur une embase 4 et comprenant en 5 un régénérateur et en 7 une disposition alternée, dans le sens longitudinal, de cellules de fours 8 et de piédroits 9 (voir figure 2).The central part 1 essentially consists of a brick structure produced on a base 4 and comprising at 5 a regenerator and at 7 an alternating arrangement, in the longitudinal direction, of oven cells 8 and sides 9 (see FIG. 2) .

Les cellules de fours 8 sont destinées à contenir la houille à distiller et comportent des orifices supérieurs 10 pour le chargement des cellules en houille par l'intermédiaire des trémies 11 d'une enfourneuse 12 (dans le cas d'un enfournement par gravité).The oven cells 8 are intended to contain the coal to be distilled and have upper orifices 10 for loading the cells into coal via the hoppers 11 of a charging machine 12 (in the case of charging by gravity).

Les piédroits 9 sont divisés de l'avant de la batterie et vers l'arrière par une succession d'entretoises 13 délimitant des carneaux 14 alimentés en air et en gaz de façon que la chaleur dégagée par la combustion du gaz produise la distillation de la houille des cellules de fours 8 adjacentes.The sides 9 are divided from the front of the battery and towards the rear by a succession of spacers 13 delimiting flues 14 supplied with air and gas so that the heat released by the combustion of the gas produces the distillation of the harden adjacent 8 oven cells.

La partie avant 2 se compose d'une défourneuse 15, mobile longitudinalement à la batterie de fours sur des rails 151, cette défourneuse étant pourvue d'un bélier 152, mobile dans le sens de la flèche F, afin de pénétrer par l'orifice avant 82 de la cellule de fours en regard pour pousser le saumon de coke hors de cette cellule par l'orifice arrière 81.The front part 2 consists of an unloader 15, movable longitudinally to the battery of ovens on rails 15 1 , this unloader being provided with a ram 15 2 , movable in the direction of the arrow F, in order to penetrate by the front port 8 2 of the opposite oven cell for pushing the coke salmon out of this cell through the rear port 8 1 .

Le déplacement de la défourneuse 15 sur les rails 151 permet donc de placer le bélier 152 en regard des diverses cellules de fours pour les décharger après distillation de la houille.The movement of the unloader 15 on the rails 15 1 therefore makes it possible to place the ram 15 2 opposite the various furnace cells to unload them after distillation of the coal.

Cette partie avant 2 comprend également, comme cela est représenté sur la figure 1, un collecteur 16 du gaz produit lors de la distillation de la houille, ce gaz étant amené à ce collecteur par une colonne montante 161 et un barillet 162.This front part 2 also comprises, as shown in FIG. 1, a collector 16 of the gas produced during the distillation of the coal, this gas being brought to this collector by a riser 16 1 and a barrel 16 2 .

La partie arrière de la batterie de fours à coke comprend un guide-coke 17 déplaçable longitudinalement sur des rails 171 afin de se placer devant l'orifice arrière 81 de la cellule de four 8 à défourner,et un wagon à coke 18, mobile longitudinalement à la batterie sur des rails 181 afin que, lors du défournement d'une cellule de fours 8 par le bélier 152, le saumon de coke se dépose en une couche d'épaisseur uniforme sur le wagon à coke 18 qui se déplace en synchronisme avec la chute du coke.The rear part of the coke oven battery comprises a coke guide 17 movable longitudinally on rails 17 1 in order to be placed in front of the rear orifice 8 1 of the oven cell 8 to be unloaded, and a coke wagon 18, movable longitudinally to the battery on rails 18 1 so that, when an oven cell 8 is discharged by the ram 15 2 , the coke salmon is deposited in a layer of uniform thickness on the coke wagon 18 which is moves in synchronism with the fall of the coke.

Cette partie arrière 3 comprend également un quai à coke 19 sur lequel est déversé le coke du wagon 18 pour son refroidissement après extinction.This rear part 3 also includes a coke dock 19 on which is poured the coke from wagon 18 for cooling after extinction.

Les carneaux 14 des piédroits sont alimentés en air et en gaz en cycles alternés, l'alimentation en air s'effectuant par l'intermédiaire des cellules du régénérateur afin que l'air alimentant la moitié des carneaux soit chauffé par les cellules du régénérateur qui ont, au cycle précédent, été chauffées par les fumées résultant de la combustion du gaz.The flues 14 of the corners are supplied with air and gas in alternating cycles, the air supply being effected by means of the cells of the regenerator so that the air supplying half of the flues is heated by the cells of the regenerator which were, in the previous cycle, heated by the fumes resulting from the combustion of the gas.

Les piédroits 9, alternés avec les cellules de fours 8, sont réalisés suivant un mode de construction qui est représenté sur la figure 2 en coupe horizontale suivant A-A de la figure 1 et sur la figure 3 en perspective.The pedestals 9, alternated with the oven cells 8, are produced according to a construction method which is shown in FIG. 2 in horizontal section along A-A in FIG. 1 and in FIG. 3 in perspective.

Les piédroits 9, séparant les cellules de fours 8, sont réalisés par une construction en briques entourée par un encadrement vertical métallique 21, tandis que les extrémités arrière 81 des cellules 8 sont obturées par des portes 22 qui sont ouvertes lors du défournement du saumon de coke.The pedestals 9, separating the oven cells 8, are made by a brick construction surrounded by a vertical metal frame 21, while the rear ends 8 1 of the cells 8 are closed by doors 22 which are open during the feeding of the salmon of coke.

Cette construction des piédroits se compose de lits superposés de briques 231, 232, 233, etc... qui, pour constituer les cloisons latérales 24 séparant les carneaux des cellules de fours, se composent chacun de panneresses 25 et de boutisses 26, les panneresses 25 étant disposées à hauteur des carneaux 14, alors que les boutisses 26 prolongent, pour un même lit, une entretoise sur deux.This construction of the piers consists of superimposed beds of bricks 23 1 , 23 2 , 23 3 , etc ... which, to constitute the side partitions 24 separating the flues from the oven cells, each consist of panniers 25 and headers 26 , the pannieresses 25 being arranged at the height of the flues 14, while the headers 26 extend, for the same bed, one spacer out of two.

En outre, les deux panneresses jointives d'un même lit ont leur plan de joint situé au milieu des faces d'extrémité de boutisses des lits supérieur et inférieur, si bien que le plan de joint 27 de deux panneresses jointives d'un lit est situé verticalement au milieu de la largeur des faces d'extrémité des deux boutisses 26 des lits inférieur et supérieur (voir figures 3).In addition, the two adjoining panneresses of the same bed have their joint plane situated in the middle of the end faces of the headers of the upper and lower beds, so that the joint plane 27 of two contiguous panes of a bed is located vertically in the middle of the width of the end faces of the two headers 26 of the lower and upper beds (see Figures 3).

Or, les batteries de fours à coke connues présentent souvent, après quelques années d'exploitation, des dégradations des parois 24 que ce soit du côté arrière (côté coke) ou du côté avant (côté machine), ces dégradations s'établissant sur une longueur correspondant à plusieurs carneaux 14.However, the batteries of known coke ovens often exhibit, after a few years of operation, damage to the walls 24, whether on the rear side (coke side) or on the front side (machine side), these damage being established over a period of time. length corresponding to several flues 14.

Ces dégradations, qui se présentent sour la forme de briques écaillées, de joints dégarnis ou de fissures à hauteur des joints ou dans les briques, sont dues à la répétition des chocs thermiques, à la déformation des montants des cadres d'armature 21 et à la dilatation différente de certaines parties de la construction qui sont soumises à des régimes de températures différents.These degradations, which appear in the form of chipped bricks, stripped joints or cracks at the height of the joints or in the bricks, are due to the repetition of thermal shocks, to the deformation of the uprights of the reinforcing frames 21 and to the different expansion of certain parts of the construction which are subjected to different temperature regimes.

On s'efforce de pallier ces dégradations en regarnissant les joints ouverts, en pulvérisant un produit réfractaire sur les parois ou en procédant au voilage des fours, à l'aide d'un air sous pression chargé de fines poussières, à prise céramique, afin de boucher les petites fissures.We strive to overcome these degradations by relining the open joints, by spraying a refractory product on the walls or by veiling the ovens, using a pressurized air charged with fine dust, with ceramic setting, in order plug small cracks.

Il arrive cependant un moment où la fréquence des interventions nécessaires est telle que, loin de remédier aux dégradations, on les aggrave encore par la répétition des chocs thermiques et en outre l'inflammation des fuites de gaz à hauteur des portes ou au travers des fissures des parois crée des surchauffes et aggrave les déformations des montants des cadres 21 en facilitant ainsi la création des fissures ou leur élargissement.There comes a point, however, when the frequency of necessary interventions is such that, far from remedying the damage, it is further aggravated by the repetition of thermal shocks and, in addition, the ignition of gas leaks near the doors or through the cracks. of the walls creates overheating and aggravates the deformations of the uprights of the frames 21, thereby facilitating the creation of cracks or their widening.

On finit par se trouver engagé dans un processus de dégradations qui se nourrissent elles-mêmes et il est alors nécessaire de reconstruire les têtes des piédroits sur une longueur correspondant à plusieurs carneaux du côté coke et du côté machine.We end up being engaged in a process of degradations which feed themselves and it is then necessary to reconstruct the heads of the pedestals over a length corresponding to several flues on the coke side and on the machine side.

Souvent d'ailleurs, l'intervention qui s'impose est plus importante du côté coke que du côté machine en raison de l'effet d'abrasion du coke lors de son défournement et de l'échauffement des parties métalliques qu'il provoque.Often, moreover, the intervention that is required is more important on the coke side than on the machine side because of the abrasion effect of the coke during its discharge and the heating of the metal parts which it causes.

La reconstruction des têtes de piédroits s'effectue de la manière suivante :

  • On descend vers 1000° la température des piédroits 9 à réparer et celle des piédroits adjacents, on coupe le chauffage sur les carneaux 14 qui doivent être démolis et reconstruits, on mure les cellules de fours 8 concernées par les piédroits à réparer au-delà de la réparation à effectuer par rapport à l'extrémité du four, on garnit de protections thermiques les parois dont les carneaux sont maintenus en chauffage et on démolit les carneaux à réparer en respectant les règles de l'art, c'est-à-dire en protégeant les entrées d'air et de gaz contre la chute des gravats.
The reconstruction of the head ends is carried out as follows:
  • The temperature of the sidewalls 9 to be repaired and that of the adjacent sidewalls is lowered to around 1000 °, the heating is cut off on the flues 14 which have to be demolished and rebuilt, the oven cells 8 concerned by the sidewalls to be repaired are cured beyond the repair to be carried out relative to the end of the furnace, the walls whose flues are kept heated are provided with thermal protections and the flues to be repaired are demolished in accordance with the rules of the art, that is to say protecting the air and gas inlets against falling rubble.

Si les réparations comportent celle de la couverture, on démolit également les voutes et couverture correspondant aux piédroits à réparer, sinon on procède, avant la démolition des carneaux, au soutènement des voutes ou à leur suspension.If the repairs include that of the roof, we also demolish the vaults and cover corresponding to the sidewalls to be repaired, otherwise we proceed, before the demolition of the flues, to support the vaults or to suspend them.

La reconstruction des extrémités des carneaux s'effectue alors soit à l'identique, comme représenté sur les figures 2 et 3, soit de la manière représentée sur les figures 4 et 5.The reconstruction of the ends of the flues is then carried out either identically, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, or in the manner shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.

Suivant la première méthode, on est amené à encastrer, à raison d'une assise sur deux, des panneressses neuves froides entre des boutisses anciennes chaudes et, par exemple en supposant que la réparation s'effectue jusqu'à hauteur de la ligne 29 de la figure 3, on est amené à encastrer des panneresses neuves et froides 251 entre des boutisses anciennes et chaudes 261.According to the first method, it is necessary to fit, at the rate of one seat out of two, cold new panneressses between hot old headers and, for example by supposing that the repair is carried out up to line 29 in FIG. 3, it is necessary to fit new and cold panniers 25 1 between old and hot headers 26 1 .

Cependant, l'extrémité de piédroit neuve et froide subit des efforts de dilatation au cours de sa montée en température et elle a tendance à bouger horizontalement et surtout verticalement alors que la partie ancienne chaude ne se dilate plus et donc ne bouge pas.However, the new and cold end of the pedestal undergoes expansion efforts during its rise in temperature and it tends to move horizontally and especially vertically while the old hot part no longer expands and therefore does not move.

Il apparaît alors de nouvelles fissures dans les encastrements.New cracks appear in the recesses.

Pour éviter ces fissures, il conviendrait que chaque brique encastrée prenne sa dilatation sur elle-même en comprimant le liant sans que sa dilatation ne réagisse sur la brique neuve qui se trouve au-dessus.To avoid these cracks, each embedded brick should expand on itself by compressing the binder without its expansion reacting on the new brick above it.

Il n'en est pas ainsi et les dilatations s'ajoutent les unes aux autres si bien que les briques encastrées subissent des contraintes dues au cumul des dilatations élémentaires.This is not so and the expansions are added to each other so that the embedded bricks are subjected to stresses due to the accumulation of elementary expansions.

Suivant la seconde méthode (voir figures 4 et 5), on coupe les parois 24 selon un plan vertical 30, perpendiculaire à la paroi et ce du haut en bas des parois, ce plan vertical passant par le milieu des boutisses 262 de ce plan.According to the second method (see Figures 4 and 5), the walls 24 are cut along a vertical plane 30, perpendicular to the wall and from top to bottom of the walls, this vertical plane passing through the middle of the headers 26 2 of this plane .

On démolit l'extrémité du piédroit concerné, puis on procède à sa reconstruction, la partie ancienne chaude et la partie neuve froide étant reliées par un joint vertical lisse qui permet alors le glissement vertical de la partie neuve par rapport à la partie ancienne au cours de sa dilatation.We demolish the end of the affected pedestal, then we proceed to its reconstruction, the old hot part and the new cold part being connected by a smooth vertical joint which then allows the vertical sliding of the new part compared to the old part during of its dilation.

L'étanchéité de ce plan de joint est assurée par l'application de produits réfractaires.The sealing of this joint plane is ensured by the application of refractory products.

Cette deuxième méthode présente cependant des inconvénients importants et notamment le sciage du piédroit ne va pas sans ébranler l'ensemble qui est un assemblage complexe de briques liées entre elles par des sortes de tenons et mortaises.This second method however has significant drawbacks and in particular sawing the pedestal is not without shaking the assembly which is a complex assembly of bricks linked together by sorts of tenons and mortises.

Or, cet ébranlement risque de nuire gravement à la solidité de la partie conservée du piédroit et ce d'autant plus qu'il s'agit d'une construction qui n'est plus en parfait état.However, this shaking risks seriously damaging the solidity of the preserved part of the pedestal, all the more so since it is a construction which is no longer in perfect condition.

En outre, cette seconde méthode conduit à affaiblir les boutisses 262 dont la largeur est diminuée de moitié à hauteur du plan de joint 30, tandis qu'il est très difficile d'obtenir un joint vertical de glissement qui soit étanche et d'éviter en conséquence la fuite de gaz vers le carneau ou de fumée vers la cellule, ce qui entraîne à nouveau la détérioration rapide des parois et la nécessité d'un entretien suivi important et délicat.In addition, this second method leads to weakening the headers 26 2 whose width is reduced by half at the height of the joint plane 30, while it is very difficult to obtain a vertical sliding joint which is tight and to avoid consequently the leakage of gas towards the flue or smoke towards the cell, which again leads to the rapid deterioration of the walls and the need for important and delicate follow-up maintenance.

Ainsi le brevet britannique n° 2.050.586 décrit un procédé de réfection consistant à scier verticalement la partie endommagée au droit de l'une des faces latérales des boutisses ; les panneresses adjacentes sont donc coupées suivant le plan de joint, et la partie de panneresse conservée est assemblée avec une brique de réfection pourvue d'une languette de recouvrement interne.British patent n ° 2.050.586 describes a repair process consisting in sawing the damaged part vertically at right from one of the side faces of the headers; the adjacent pannieresses are therefore cut along the joint plane, and the preserved pannieresse part is assembled with a repair brick provided with an internal covering tab.

Il est également connu par le brevet français n° 2.304.660 de réaliser un plan de joint vertical le long d'un alignement vertical de l'une des faces latérales des boutisses et à mettre en place des briques moulées de raccordement qui formeront la séparation des deux carneaux adjacents au plan de joint. On ne retrouve pas, à hauteur du plan de joint, de panneresses jointives.It is also known from French Patent No. 2,304,660 to make a vertical joint plane along a vertical alignment of one of the side faces of the headers and to set up molded connecting bricks which will form the separation of the two flues adjacent to the joint plane. We do not find, at the height of the joint plane, jointing failures.

La présente invention a notamment pour but de remédier à ces inconvénients et concerne à cet effet une batterie de fours à coke comprenant une structure en briques assemblées par un liant et disposée au-dessus d'un régénérateur. cette structure délimitant, dans le sens longitudinal de la batterie, une succession alternée de cellules de fours contenant la houille à distiller et de piédroits alimentés en air et gaz pour aue la chaleur dégagée par la combustion du gaz assure la cokéfaction de la houille introduite dans les cellules, les cellules (ou fours) étant pourvues à leur extrémité supérieure d'orifices de chargement des cellules en houille à distiller, à leur extrémité arrière d'un orifice pour le déchargement du coke vers un guide-coke et un wagon à coke et à leur extrémité avant d'un orifice pour le passage d'un bélier pour le défournement du saumon de coke par l'orifice arrière, chaque piédroit étant divisé intérieurement et verticalement en carneaux par des entretoises, tandis que les parois des piédroits constituant également les parois des cellules de fours adjacentes sont constituées par un empilage de lits horizontaux de briques appareillées avec tenons et mortaises, chaque lit comprenant des panneresses disposées à hauteur des carneaux et des boutisses prolongeant une entretoise sur deux de façon que deux boutisses d'un même lit soient séparées par deux panneresses jointives assemblées à hauteur d'une entretoise dépourvue de boutisses, les lits empilés étant par ailleurs réalisés de manière que le joint de deux panneresses jointives d'un lit soit situé entre deux boutisses des lits adjacents supérieur et inférieur, batterie de fours caractérisée en ce que les parois des piédroits constituant également les parois des cellules de fours présentent. à proximité d'au moins une de leurs extrémités adjacentes aux ouvertures avant et arrière des cellules de fours, un plan de joint vertical établi le long d'un alignement vertical de l'une des faces latérales des boutisses, les deux panneresses jointives des lits supérieur et inférieur à ceux contenant ces boutisses étant l'une allongée, l'autre raccourcie de sorte que leur joint d'assemblage se trouve dans ledit plan de joint vertical.The object of the present invention is in particular to remedy these drawbacks and to this end relates to a battery of coke ovens comprising a brick structure assembled by a binder and placed above a regenerator. this structure delimiting, in the longitudinal direction of the battery, an alternating succession of furnace cells containing the coal to be distilled and legs supplied with air and gas so that the heat released by the combustion of the gas ensures the coking of the coal introduced into the cells, the cells (or ovens) being provided at their upper end with holes for loading the cells in distilled coal, at their rear end with an orifice for discharging the coke to a coke guide and a coke wagon and at their front end of an orifice for the passage of a ram for the discharge of coke salmon through the rear orifice, each pedestal being divided internally and vertically into flues by spacers, while the walls of the pedestals also constituting the walls of the adjacent oven cells consist of a stack of horizontal bricks beds fitted with tenons and mortises, each bed comprising purlins coils arranged at the level of the flues and the headers extending one strut out of two so that two struts of the same bed are separated by two joined pannieresses assembled at the height of a strut devoid of struts, the stacked beds being moreover made so that the joint of two adjoining panneresses of a bed is located between two headers of the upper and lower adjacent beds, oven battery characterized in that the walls of the sides also constituting the walls of the oven cells have. near at least one of their ends adjacent to the front and rear openings of the furnace cells, a vertical joint plane established along a vertical alignment of one of the lateral faces of the headers, the two adjoining panneresses of the beds higher and lower than those containing these headers being one elongated, the other shortened by so that their joining joint is in said vertical joint plane.

Suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le plan de ioint d'assemblage se trouvant dans le plan vertical est un assemblage à plat joint à rainures et ionc intermédiaire vertical.According to another characteristic of the invention, the assembly plane being in the vertical plane is a flat joint assembly with grooves and vertical intermediate ion.

Suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le jonc de l'assemblage à plat ioint est rectiligne et constitué par un élément indépendant des panneresses et boutisses et se loge, avec interposition d'un liant, dans des rainures verticales formées dans les faces des extrémités de ces panneresses et les faces latérales de ces boutisses, en regard.According to another characteristic of the invention, the rod of the ioint flat assembly is rectilinear and constituted by an element independent of the purlins and headers and is housed, with the interposition of a binder, in vertical grooves formed in the faces of the ends of these panneresses and the lateral faces of these headers, opposite.

Suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le jonc est constitué d'éléments en matériau réfractaire (silice ou silico-alumineux) dont la longueur est supérieure à l'épaisseur d'un lit de panneresses et boutisses.According to another characteristic of the invention, the rod consists of elements made of refractory material (silica or silico-aluminous), the length of which is greater than the thickness of a bed of panniers and headers.

Suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le plan de ioint vertical est établi à hauteur de la deuxième entretoise des niédroits comptée à partir des extrémités avant et/ou arrière de ces piédroits.According to another characteristic of the invention, the vertical ioint plane is established at the height of the second strut of the counters counted from the front and / or rear ends of these pedestals.

L'invention est représentée. à titre d'exemple non limitatif, sur les dessins ci-ioints. dans lesquels :

  • - la figure 1 est une vue en coupe transversale schématiaue d'une batterie de fours à coke.
  • - la figure 2 est une coupe suivant A-A dans un plan de joint de la figure 1.
  • - la figure 3 est une vue en perspective partielle d'un piédroit de type connu,
  • - les figures 4 et 5 représentent en coupe horizontale au niveau d'un ioint entre lits et en perspective un mode de réparation connu des piédroits de batterie de fours à coke,
  • - la figure 6 est une vue en perspective d'un piédroit conforme à l'invention,
  • - la figure 6 bis est une vue en perspective d'un piédroit conforme à une variante de l'invention,
  • - la figure 7 est une vue de dessus du piédroit de la figure 6,
  • - la figure 8 est une coupe suivant B-B de la figure 6,
  • - la figure 9 est une coupe suivant C-C de la figure 8.
The invention is shown. by way of nonlimiting example, in the accompanying drawings. wherein :
  • - Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a battery of coke ovens.
  • - Figure 2 is a section along AA in a joint plane of Figure 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a partial perspective view of a known type pedestal,
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 represent in horizontal section at an ioint between beds and in perspective a known method of repair of the coves of coke oven batteries,
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a pedestal according to the invention,
  • FIG. 6a is a perspective view of a pedestal according to a variant of the invention,
  • FIG. 7 is a top view of the pedestal of FIG. 6,
  • FIG. 8 is a section along BB of FIG. 6,
  • FIG. 9 is a section along CC of FIG. 8.

La présente invention a en conséquence pour but la réalisation d'une batterie de fours à coke neuve ou la réparation de batteries anciennes qui permettent d'éviter, ou tout au moins de réduire de manière importante, les effets néfastes résultant des variations de températures et qui se traduisent par la détérioration des fours (fissurations des joints ou des briques, dégarnissaee des joints, etc...).The object of the present invention is therefore the production of a new coke oven battery or the repair of old batteries which make it possible to avoid, or at least to reduce significantly, the harmful effects resulting from temperature variations and which result in the deterioration of ovens (cracking of joints or bricks, stripping of joints, etc ...).

La présente invention permet, en outre, la mise en oeuvre de matériaux de nature différente présentant des caractéristiques différentes concernant notamment la résistance aux chocs thermiques ou la résistance aux températures élevées, de façon à augmenter la fiabilité de la construction.The present invention also makes it possible to use materials of a different nature having different characteristics, in particular relating to resistance to thermal shock or resistance to high temperatures, so as to increase the reliability of the construction.

Par ailleurs, la présente invention permet de faciliter la construction et la réparation des batteries de fours, ainsi que de conserver un joint étanche à hauteur des parties de fours soumises à des conditions de températures différentes et donc susceptibles de se déplacer l'une par rapport à l'autre.Furthermore, the present invention makes it possible to facilitate the construction and repair of oven batteries, as well as to maintain a tight seal at the height of the parts of ovens subjected to different temperature conditions and therefore capable of moving relative to one another. to the other.

Sur les figures 6 et 7, on a représenté l'un des piédroits 9 d'une batterie de fours à coke conforme à l'invention, ces piédroits étant alternés avec les cellules de fours 8, comme cela est représenté sur la figure 2.In FIGS. 6 and 7, one of the legs 9 of a battery of coke ovens according to the invention is shown, these legs being alternated with the oven cells 8, as shown in FIG. 2.

Ces piédroits sont divisés de l'avant vers l'arrière, par les entretoises 31 délimitant les carneaux 32, les parois latérales 33 de ces piédroits, qui constituent également les parois des cellules de fours adjacentes 8, étant réalisées par un empilage vertical de lits horizontaux 341, 342, 343 réalisés chacun à l'aide de panneresses 35 et de boutisses 36 assemblées par un liant.These legs are divided from front to back, by the spacers 31 delimiting the flues 32, the side walls 33 of these legs, which also constitute the walls of the adjacent oven cells 8, being produced by a vertical stacking of beds horizontal 34 1 , 34 2 , 34 3 each made using panniers 35 and headers 36 assembled by a binder.

Pour chaque lit, deux boutisses consécutives 36 sont séparées par deux panneresses jointives, tandis que de chaque lit aux lits adjacents inférieur et supérieur, le plan de jonction 38 de deux panneresses jointives est situé au milieu de la face d'extrémité des boutisses des lits adjacents supérieur et inférieur.For each bed, two consecutive struts 36 are separated by two adjoining panniers, while from each bed with adjacent lower and upper beds, the junction plane 38 of two contiguous panniers is located in the middle of the end face of the struts of the beds upper and lower adjacent.

Cependant, conformément à l'invention, cette construction est modifiée à proximité de l'une ou des deux extrémités de piédroits, de façon à établir un plan de joint qui dans l'exemple représenté est situé dans un plan vertical 39.However, in accordance with the invention, this construction is modified near one or both ends of the sides, so as to establish a joint plane which in the example shown is located in a vertical plane 39.

A cet effet, à hauteur de ce plan de joint vertical 39, les panneresses 35 1, disposées à l'opposé de ce plan 39 par rapport à l'extrémité adjacente du piédroit, présentent une longueur telle qu'une de leurs faces d'extrémités est située dans ce plan de joint 39.For this purpose, at the height of this vertical joint plane 39, the panneresses 35 1, arranged opposite this plane 39 with respect to the adjacent end of the pedestal, have a length such that one of their faces ends is located in this joint plane 39.

De même, les panneresses en regard 352, qui sont situées du côté de l'extrémité adjacente du piédroit par rapport à ce plan 39, sont raccourcies d'une longueur correspondante de façon qu'une de leurs faces d'extrémités soit également située dans ce plan 39.Likewise, the facing pannieresses 352, which are situated on the side of the adjacent end of the pedestal with respect to this plane 39, are shortened by a corresponding length so that one of their end faces is also located in this plan 39.

Ce plan 39 est ainsi, dans l'exemple représenté, situé à hauteur d'un alignement vertical d'une face latérale des boutisses 36 et du côté du bord latéral de ces boutisses qui est dirigé vers l'extrémité du piédroit, comme cela se remarque sur les figures 6 et 7. Le plan de joint 39 pourra également être situé, si désiré, en 391 du côté opposé des boutisses 36.This plane 39 is thus, in the example shown, situated at the height of a vertical alignment of a lateral face of the struts 36 and of the side of the lateral edge of these struts which is directed towards the end of the pedestal, as is note on figures 6 and 7. The joint plane 39 could also be located, if desired, at 39 1 on the opposite side of the headers 36.

Conformément à l'invention, il est également prévu de réaliser, à hauteur de ce plan de joint vertical 39, un assemblage 40 à plat joint à rainures et jonc intermédiaire vertical qui permet aux deux parties de ce piédroit, situées de part et d'autre du plan 39, de se déplacer verticalement en fonction des conditions de température auxquelles elles sont soumises, tout en conservant un joint étanche.In accordance with the invention, provision is also made to produce, at the height of this vertical joint plane 39, an assembly 40 with a flat joint with grooves and a vertical intermediate rod which allows the two parts of this pedestal, situated on either side other of the plane 39, to move vertically as a function of the temperature conditions to which they are subjected, while retaining a tight seal.

Comme cela est représenté sur les figures 8 et 9, un jonc 41 de cet assemblage 40 est rectiligne et constitué par un élément indépendant, dans l'exemple de section carrée. Ce jonc 41 est logé avec interposition d'un liant 42, dans des évidements 43 de forme correspondante, à profil en V sur le mode de réalisation illustré à la figure 8, qui sont formés verticalement en regard l'un de l'autre dans les faces d'extrémités des panneresses ou les faces latérales des boutisses et déterminant ainsi des rainures verticales. Ce jonc, ainsi que les évidements pourront être de formes géométriques diverses.As shown in Figures 8 and 9, a rod 41 of this assembly 40 is rectilinear and constituted by an independent element, in the example of square section. This rod 41 is housed with the interposition of a binder 42, in recesses 43 of corresponding shape, with a V-profile in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 8, which are formed vertically opposite one another in the end faces of the panneresses or the lateral faces of the headers and thus determining vertical grooves. This rod, as well as the recesses may be of various geometric shapes.

En outre, conformément à l'invention, ces joncs 41 sont d'une longueur supérieure à l'épaisseur d'un lit 341, 342, 343, etc..., c'est-à-dire supérieure à l'épaisseur d'une panneresse ou d'une boutisse et sont disposés de manière qu'un jonc 41, situé à hauteur d'un lit, dépasse par ses extrémités dans les lits adjacents supérieur et inférieur et de préférence sur la moitié de la hauteur de ces lits adjacents. Dans ce cas, la longueur d'un jonc est donc égale au double de l'épaisseur de chaque lit.In addition, according to the invention, these rods 41 are of a length greater than the thickness of a bed 34 1 , 34 2 , 34 3 , etc., that is to say greater than l '' thickness of a pannier or a header and are arranged so that a rod 41, located at the height of a bed, protrudes by its ends in the adjacent upper and lower beds and preferably on half the height of these adjacent beds. In this case, the length of a rod is therefore equal to twice the thickness of each bed.

En outre, ce plan de joint 39 est de préférence réalisé à hauteur de la deuxième entretoise 31 comptée à partir de l'extrémité adjacente du piédroit.In addition, this joint plane 39 is preferably made at the height of the second spacer 31 counted from the adjacent end of the pedestal.

Ainsi, ce plan de joint 39 est disposé entre les zones qui, lors du fonctionnement de la batterie, sont soumises à des conditions de températures différentes résultant par exemple de l'action plus importante de la température de l'air ambiant sur les extrémités des piédroits ou du refroidissement plus important des extrémités des piédroits lors du défournement des cellules de fours adjacentes.Thus, this joint plane 39 is disposed between the zones which, during the operation of the battery, are subjected to different temperature conditions resulting for example from the greater action of the temperature of the ambient air on the ends of the walls or more significant cooling of the ends of the walls when the adjacent oven cells are discharged.

Egalement, par cette construction et pour augmenter la fiabilité de la batterie de fours à coke, la partie intérieure du piédroit par rapport au plan de joint 39 pourra être réalisée à l'aide d'un matériau siliceux résistant bien aux hautes températures mais moins bien aux chocs thermiques alors que, au contraire, la partie du piédroit située vers son extrémité par rapport à ce plan 39 sera réalisée à l'aide d'un matériau résistant moins bien aux hautes températures mais mieux aux chocs thermiques (silico-alumineux ou autre).Also, by this construction and to increase the reliability of the battery of coke ovens, the inner part of the pedestal relative to the joint plane 39 can be made using a siliceous material which is resistant to high temperatures but less well thermal shock when, on the contrary, the part of the pedestal located towards its end relative to this plane 39 will be made using a resistant material less well at high temperatures but better at thermal shocks (silico-aluminous or other).

Afin de faciliter la mise en place des panneresses à hauteur du plan de joint vertical 39 et afin également d'augmenter la solidité latérale de la construction, les boutisses 36 pourront comporter des butées 44 pour le positionnement des panneresses les plus courtes 352 venant s'appliquer contre elles.In order to facilitate the installation of the panniers at the height of the vertical joint plane 39 and also in order to increase the lateral solidity of the construction, the headers 36 may include stops 44 for positioning the shortest panniers 35 2 coming s 'apply against them.

Suivant la présente invention, il a également été conçu un procédé permettant de réaliser un tel joint vertical 40 dans les piédroits de batteries de fours à coke anciennes.According to the present invention, a method has also been devised making it possible to produce such a vertical joint 40 in the sides of old coke oven batteries.

Dans ce cas, on démolit chaque piédroit concerné jusqu'au plan vertical 39 à réaliser, c'est-à-dire juste en amont d'une entretoise par rapport à l'extrémité adjacente du four.In this case, each affected pedestal is demolished up to the vertical plane 39 to be produced, that is to say just upstream of a spacer relative to the adjacent end of the oven.

Dans le premier carneau conservé 321, dont le chauffage est arrêté, on met en place des panneresses plus longues 351 à la place des panneresses existantes, ces panneresses étant dimensionnées de façon que leur face d'extrémité dirigée vers l'extrémité du piédroit soit située à hauteur de ce plan 39, c'est-à-dire dans le prolongement des faces latérales des boutisses constituant les lits adjacents supérieur et inférieur.In the first conserved flue 32 1 , the heating of which is stopped, longer panniers 35 1 are put in place of existing panners, these panners being dimensioned so that their end face directed towards the end of the pedestal is located at the height of this plane 39, that is to say in the extension of the lateral faces of the headers constituting the adjacent upper and lower beds.

Dans la face d'extrémité de ces panneresses, adjacentes au plan de joint 39, on a, préalablement et après mise à dimension, taillé une rainure verticale à profil en V disposée au milieu de sa largeur.In the end face of these pannieresses, adjacent to the joint plane 39, a vertical groove with a V-profile, arranged in the middle of its width, has been cut before and after dimensioning.

Ces nouvelles panneresses neuves et froides 351 , ainsi encastrées dans la partie ancienne et chaude, voient leur température s'élever rapidement et la dilatation qui en résulte est compensée par une compression du liant séparant les lits à hauteur de ces panneresses sans que cette dilatation se répercute sur les boutisses et les panneresses des plans supérieur et inférieur.These new new and cold panniers 351, thus embedded in the old and hot part, see their temperature rise rapidly and the resulting expansion is compensated by a compression of the binder separating the beds at the height of these panners without this expansion occurring. has repercussions on the headers and the breakdowns of the upper and lower planes.

Dès lors, sur le plan des températures et de la dilatation, on peut assimiler ces panneresses plus longues 35. à la partie ancienne du piédroit.Therefore, in terms of temperatures and expansion, we can assimilate these longer failures 35 . to the old part of the pedestal.

Pour les autres lits, on taille une rainure en V correspondante dans la face latérale des boutisses de façon que cet ensemble de boutisses et de panneresses présente vers l'extérieur du four et donc vers la partie à reconstruire, une face plane verticale, perpendiculaire à la paroi et dans laquelle se trouve une rainure, par exemple à profil en V, constituant une rainure d'assemblage avec laquelle la partie neuve à construire coopérera à la partie ancienne.For the other beds, a corresponding V-shaped groove is cut in the lateral face of the headers so that this set of headers and pannieresses presents towards the outside of the furnace and therefore towards the part to be reconstructed, a vertical plane face, perpendicular to the wall and in which there is a groove, for example V-shaped, constituting an assembly groove with which the new part to be constructed will cooperate with the old part.

On réalise alors la construction de la partie neuve en montant les panneresses plus courtes 352 un lit sur deux à hauteur du dernier carneau 32 à réparer (deuxième carneau dans l'exemple représenté sur la figure 6).We then carry out the construction of the new part by mounting shorter panneresses 35 2 every second bed at the height of the last flue 32 to be repaired (second flue in the example shown in FIG. 6).

Les faces d'extrémités des panneresses oui sont situées à hauteur de ce plan de ioint vertical sont également pourvues d'une rainure qu'il s'agisse des panneresses normales ou des panneresses raccourcies 352 adj a-centes des lits supérieur et inférieur.The end faces of the yes panneresses are located at the height of this vertical ioint plane are also provided with a groove whether they are normal panneresses or shortened panneresses 352 adj a-centes of the upper and lower beds.

Au fur et à mesure de la construction. le ionc 41 est mis en place avec interposition d'un liant de façon que ce ioint permette la libre dilatation verticale de la partie neuve par rapport à la partie ancienne sans Qu'il s'exerce des contraintes l'une sur l'autre et tout en conservant l'étanchéité d'assemblage entre ces deux narties.As construction proceeds. the ionc 41 is put in place with the interposition of a binder so that this ioint allows free vertical expansion of the new part with respect to the old part without stresses being exerted on each other and while maintaining the tightness of assembly between these two narties.

Dans l'exemnle décrit, il n'est prévu qu'un seul jonc vertical à hauteur du plan 39 de chacune des parois 33, mais si cela apparaît souhaitable, on pourra prévoir plusieurs joncs verticaux parallèles, ces joncs pouvant dans ce cas être réalisés de section plus faible et de formes géométriques diverses.In the compensation described, only one vertical rod is provided at the height of the plane 39 of each of the walls 33, but if this appears desirable, several parallel vertical rods can be provided, these rods being able in this case to be produced of smaller section and various geometric shapes.

En variante et dans l'hypothèse où la réparation devant aller jusqu'au plan de joint prévu 39 bis (voir figure 6 bis), on envisagerait de rencontrer des difficultés pour retirer avec soin les panneresses 353 et les remplacer par des panneresses 351 afin de constituer le joint vertical de glissement au niveau du plan 39 bis, on démolit avec soin toute la maçonnerie jusqu'au plan 39 bis pour les panneresses se raccordant aux boutisses dont une face latérale est comprise dans le plan 39 bis, et jusqu'au joint de briques immédiatement après le plan 39 bis, pour les autres joints verticaux (entre panneresses), c'est-à-dire que l'on ote les boutisses 36 et les panneresses adjacentes à ces boutisses ; on ote également les entretoises 311. Puis on reconstruit le carneau immédiatement précédant le plan 39 bis (parties pointillées de la figure 6 bis) selon la technique habituelle de liaison avec les briques existantes en disposant toutefois une assise sur deux (assise où le joint normal entre panneresses était à l'aplomb de l'axe vertical des boutisses 36) des panneresses plus longues (351) de façon à constituer un plan de joint vertical de glissement en position 39.As a variant and in the event that the repair has to go as far as the planned joint plane 39a (see FIG. 6a), it would be envisaged to encounter difficulties in carefully removing the failures 35 3 and replacing them with failures 35 1 in order to constitute the vertical sliding joint at the level of the plane 39 bis, all the masonry is carefully demolished up to the plane 39 bis for the panniers connecting to the headers whose side face is included in the plane 39 bis, and up to at the brick joint immediately after the plane 39a, for the other vertical joints (between panneresses), that is to say that the struts 36 and the struts adjacent to these struts are removed; we also remove the spacers 31 1 . Then we reconstruct the flue immediately preceding the plane 39 bis (dotted parts of Figure 6 bis) according to the usual technique of connection with existing bricks, however, having a seat on two (seat where the normal joint between panneresses was plumb of the vertical axis of the headers 36) of the longer panniers (35 1 ) so as to constitute a vertical joint plane sliding in position 39.

Lors de la reconstruction de la partie restante (partie hachurée de la figure 6 bis). au carneau adjacent au joint vertical de glissement 39, en prolongement de chaque panneresse 351 sera disposée une panneresse 35 raccourcie (352) pour reconstituer ensuite l'appareillage normal des carneaux, comme décrit ci-dessus.During the reconstruction of the remaining part (hatched part of Figure 6a). to the flue adjacent to the vertical sliding joint 39, in continuation of each purlin 35 1 will be arranged a shortened purlin 35 (35 2 ) to then reconstitute the normal apparatus of the flues, as described above.

Claims (10)

1. Batterie de fours à coke comprenant une structure (7) en briques assemblées par un liant et disposée au-dessus d'un régénérateur (5), cette structure délimitant, dans le sens longitudinal de la batterie, une succession alternée de cellules de fours (8) contenant la houille à distiller et de piédroits (9) alimentés en air et gaz pour que la chaleur dégagée par la combustion du gaz assure la cokéfaction de la houille introduite dans les cellules, les cellules (ou fours) étant pourvues à leur extrémité supérieure d'orifices (10) de chargement des cellules (8) en houille à distiller, à leur extrémité arrière d'un orifice (81) pour le déchargement du coke vers un guide-coke (20) et un wagon à coke (22) et à leur extrémité avant d'un orifice (82) pour le passage d'un bélier (16) pour le défournement du saumon de coke par l'orifice arrière (81), chaque piédroit (9) étant divisé intérieurement et verticalement en carneaux (32) par des entretoises (31), tandis que les parois (33) des piédroits constituant également les parois des cellules de fours adjacentes sont constituées par un empilage de lits horizontaux (341, 342, 343) de briques appareillées avec tenons et mortaises, chaque lit comprenant des panneresses (35) disposées à hauteur des carneaux et des boutisses (36) prolongeant une entretoise sur deux de façon que deux boutisses (36) d'un même lit soient séparées par deux panneresses (35) jointives assemblées à hauteur d'une entretoise (31) dépourvue de boutisses, les lits empilés étant par ailleurs réalisés de manière que le joint (38) de deux panneresses jointives d'un lit soit situé entre deux boutisses (36) des lits adjacents supérieur et inférieur, batterie de fours caractérisée en ce que les parois (33) des piédroits (9) constituant également les parois des cellules de fours présentent, à proximité d'au moins une de leurs extrémités adjacentes aux ouvertures avant et arrière des cellules de fours, un plan de joint vertical (39) établi le long d'un alignement vertical de l'une des faces latérales des boutisses (36), les deux panneresses jointives des lits supérieur et inférieur à ceux contenant ces boutisses étant l'une (351) allongée, l'autre (352) raccourcie de sorte que leur joint d'assemblage se trouve dans ledit plan de joint vertical (39).1. Coke oven battery comprising a brick structure (7) assembled by a binder and placed above a regenerator (5), this structure delimiting, in the longitudinal direction of the battery, an alternating succession of cells ovens (8) containing the coal to be distilled and walls (9) supplied with air and gas so that the heat released by the combustion of the gas ensures the coking of the coal introduced into the cells, the cells (or ovens) being provided with their upper end of orifices (10) for loading the cells (8) with distilled coal, at their rear end of an orifice (8 1 ) for discharging the coke towards a coke guide (20) and a wagon coke (22) and at their front end with an orifice (8 2 ) for the passage of a ram (16) for the discharge of coke salmon through the rear orifice (8 1 ), each pedestal (9) being internally and vertically divided into flues (32) by spacers (31), while the walls (33) of the p The right sides also constituting the walls of the adjacent oven cells are formed by a stack of horizontal beds (34 1 , 34 2 , 34 3 ) of bricks fitted with tenons and mortises, each bed comprising panniers (35) placed at the height of the flues and struts (36) extending one spacer out of two so that two struts (36) of the same bed are separated by two adjoining panniers (35) assembled at the height of a spacer (31) devoid of struts, the stacked beds being moreover made so that the joint (38) of two adjoining panneresses of a bed is located between two headers (36) of the upper and lower adjacent beds, oven battery characterized in that the walls (33) of the legs (9 ) also constituting the walls of the oven cells have, near at least one of their ends adjacent to the front and rear openings of the oven cells, a vertical joint plane (39) established along a vertical alignment of one of the side faces of the headers (36), the two adjoining panneresses of the upper and lower beds to those containing these headers being one (35 1 ) elongated, the other (35 2 ) shortened so that their assembly joint is located in said vertical joint plane (39). 2. Batterie de fours à coke conforme à la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le joint d'assemblage se trouvant dans le plan vertical (39) est un assemblage à plat joint à rainures et jonc intermédiaire vertical.2. Coke oven battery according to claim 1, characterized in that the assembly joint located in the vertical plane (39) is a flat joint assembly with grooves and vertical intermediate rod. 3. Batterie conforme à la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que le jonc de l'assemblage.à plat joint (40) est rectiligne et constitué par un élément indépendant des panneresses (35) et boutisses (36) et se loge, avec interposition d'un liant (42), dans des rainures verticales (43) formées dans les faces des extrémités de ces panneresses et les faces latérales de ces boutisses, en regard.3. Battery according to claim 2, characterized in that the rod of the assembly. Flat joint (40) is rectilinear and constituted by an element independent of the panneresses (35) and headers (36) and is housed, with the interposition of a binder (42), in vertical grooves (43) formed in the faces of the ends of these panneresses and the lateral faces of these headers, opposite. 4. Batterie conforme à la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que le jonc (41) est constitué d'éléments en matière réfractaire dont la longueur est supérieure à l'épaisseur d'un lit (341, 342, 343) de panneresses et boutisses.4. Battery according to claim 3, characterized in that the rod (41) consists of elements of refractory material whose length is greater than the thickness of a bed (34 1 , 34 2 , 34 3 ) of purlins and headers. 5. Batterie conforme à la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que chaque élément de jonc (41) est disposé sur la hauteur totale d'un ou plusieurs lits et sur une partie des deux lits adjacents supérieur et inférieur.5. Battery according to claim 4, characterized in that each rod element (41) is arranged over the total height of one or more beds and on a part of the two adjacent upper and lower beds. 6. Batterie conforme à l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le plan de joint vertical (39) est établi à hauteur de la deuxième entretoise (32) des piédroits comptée à partir des extrémités avant et/ou arrière de ces piédroits.6. Battery according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vertical joint plane (39) is established at the height of the second spacer (32) of the sides counted from the front and / or rear ends of these corners. 7. Batterie conforme à l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les panneresses, boutisses et entretoises constituant les piédroits entre le plan de joint vertical (39) et l'extrémité adjacente, sont réalisées en un matériau présentant une résistance aux chocs thermiques qui est supérieure à celle du matériau constituant les panneresses, boutisses et entretoises de la partie centrale (37) des piédroits, le matériau constituant ces piédroits entre le plan de joint vertical et l'extrémité adjacente présentant en outre une résistance aux températures élevées qui est inférieure à celle du matériau constituant la partie centrale.7. Battery according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the purlins, headers and spacers constituting the pedestals between the vertical joint plane (39) and the adjacent end, are made of a material having resistance to thermal shock which is greater than that of the material constituting the purlins, headers and spacers of the central part (37) of the pedestals, the material constituting these pedestals between the vertical joint plane and the adjacent end also having resistance to high temperatures which is lower than that of the material constituting the central part. 8. Batterie conforme à l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le plan de joint vertical (39) établi le long d'un alignement vertical des faces latérales des boutisses est situé du côté de ces boutisses qui est dirigé vers l'extrémité voisine du piédroit considéré.8. Battery according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vertical joint plane (39) established along a vertical alignment of the lateral faces of the headers is located on the side of these headers which is directed towards the end near the considered pedestal. 9. Procédé pour la réparation de batteries de fours à coke, caractérisé en ce qu'on démolit les extrémités des piédroits à réparer jusqu'à un plan devant constituer ledit plan de joint vertical (39), ce plan de joint vertical étant situé le long d'un alignement vertical de l'une des faces latérales des boutisses (36), on ôte les panneresses (35) qui sont disposées entre les boutisses adjacentes à ce plan de joint, on remplace ces panneresses par d'autres panneresses (351) dont la longueur est telle qu'une de leurs faces d'extrémités est située dans ce plan de joint vertical (39), on réalise au moins une rainure verticale dans les faces latérales des boutisses et les faces d'extrémité des panneresses devant constituer ce plan de joint et on reconstruit l'extrémité du piédroit en disposant un jonc intermédiaire (41) dans l'assemblage constitué avec la rainure correspondante des panneresses neuves, normales et raccourcies.9. A method for repairing coke oven batteries, characterized in that the ends of the sides to be repaired are demolished to a plane which must constitute said vertical joint plane (39), this vertical joint plane being located on along a vertical alignment of one of the lateral faces of the headers (36), we remove the panneresses (35) which are arranged between the heads adjacent to this joint plane, we replace these panneresses by other panneresses (35 1 ) whose length is such that one of their end faces is located in this vertical joint plane (39), at least one vertical groove is made in the lateral faces of the headers and the end faces of the front panniers constitute this joint plane and the end of the pedestal is reconstructed by placing an intermediate rod (41) in the assembly formed with the corresponding groove of new, normal and shortened pannieresses. 10. Procédé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que, outre les panneresses (35) disposées entre les boutisses (36) adjacentes au plan de joint prévu (39), on ote également ces boutisses (36), les panneresses adjacentes à ces boutisses jusqu'au joint situé en arrière du plan (39 bis) ainsi que les entretoises 311, et on reconstruit le carneau inmédiatement précédent le plan (39 bis) en disposant, une assise sur deux, les panneresses plus longues (351) de façon à constituer le plan de joint vertical de glissement (39).10. Method according to claim 9, characterized in that, in addition to the purlins (35) arranged between the headers (36) adjacent to the provided joint plane (39), these headers are also removed (36), the keyboards adjacent to these headers to the joint located behind the plane (39 bis) as well as the spacers 31 1 , and the flue is reconstructed immediately before the plane (39 bis) by arranging, one seat out of two, the longer panniers (35 1 ) so as to constitute the vertical sliding joint plane (39).
EP83400404A 1982-03-10 1983-02-28 Coke oven battery and process for repairing old batteries Expired EP0089862B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83400404T ATE17018T1 (en) 1982-03-10 1983-02-28 COKE OVEN BATTERY AND METHOD OF REPAIRING OLD BATTERIES.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8204033A FR2523148B1 (en) 1982-03-10 1982-03-10 COKE OVEN BATTERY AND METHOD FOR THE REPAIR OF OLD BATTERIES
FR8204033 1982-03-10

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EP0089862A1 true EP0089862A1 (en) 1983-09-28
EP0089862B1 EP0089862B1 (en) 1985-12-18
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EP (1) EP0089862B2 (en)
JP (1) JPS58167675A (en)
KR (1) KR840003678A (en)
AT (1) ATE17018T1 (en)
AU (1) AU557699B2 (en)
CA (1) CA1224176A (en)
DE (1) DE3361518D1 (en)
ES (2) ES8404398A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2523148B1 (en)
GR (1) GR78107B (en)
PT (1) PT76363B (en)
SU (1) SU1358788A3 (en)
ZA (1) ZA831386B (en)

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DE4231922A1 (en) * 1992-09-24 1994-03-31 Krupp Koppers Gmbh Process for renewing the heating walls of a coke oven battery
EP1067167A3 (en) * 1999-07-05 2003-02-05 Kawasaki Steel Corporation Method of repairing coke oven and apparatus for taking-in bricks for repair
CZ2004832A3 (en) * 2002-01-23 2006-07-12 Ge Energy (Usa), Llc Refractory protected exchangeable liner for gasifier
ITGE20040012A1 (en) * 2004-02-18 2004-05-18 Sms Demag S P A Method for reinforcing the battery walls of the chambers of the coke-making ovens.
JP5145714B2 (en) * 2007-01-12 2013-02-20 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 Coke oven repair method
US7827689B2 (en) * 2007-01-16 2010-11-09 Vanocur Refractories, L.L.C. Coke oven reconstruction
JP5365040B2 (en) * 2008-03-25 2013-12-11 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 Coke oven repair method
BR102016009636B1 (en) * 2016-04-29 2021-06-01 Paul Wurth Do Brasil Tecnologia E Solucoes Industriais Ltda. METHOD FOR REPAIRING COKE OVENS
USD833590S1 (en) * 2017-06-14 2018-11-13 Fosbel, Inc. Coke oven wall block assembly
JP7127551B2 (en) * 2019-01-17 2022-08-30 日本製鉄株式会社 Coke oven wall repair method

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ES529344A0 (en) 1985-01-16
FR2523148A1 (en) 1983-09-16
GR78107B (en) 1984-09-26
ES520452A0 (en) 1984-05-01
AU557699B2 (en) 1987-01-08
DE3361518D1 (en) 1986-01-30
EP0089862B2 (en) 1988-11-17
ATE17018T1 (en) 1986-01-15
PT76363A (en) 1983-04-01
JPS58167675A (en) 1983-10-03
ES8404398A1 (en) 1984-05-01
US4545860A (en) 1985-10-08
ES8502721A1 (en) 1985-01-16
KR840003678A (en) 1984-09-15
ZA831386B (en) 1983-11-30
SU1358788A3 (en) 1987-12-07
CA1224176A (en) 1987-07-14
EP0089862B1 (en) 1985-12-18
AU1219883A (en) 1984-09-13
FR2523148B1 (en) 1985-08-16
PT76363B (en) 1985-11-13

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