EP1762303B1 - Method for preparing turbine blades for spray coating and device for holding such blades - Google Patents

Method for preparing turbine blades for spray coating and device for holding such blades Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1762303B1
EP1762303B1 EP05019698A EP05019698A EP1762303B1 EP 1762303 B1 EP1762303 B1 EP 1762303B1 EP 05019698 A EP05019698 A EP 05019698A EP 05019698 A EP05019698 A EP 05019698A EP 1762303 B1 EP1762303 B1 EP 1762303B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shielding
mounting
blade
shielding layer
spray coating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP05019698A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1762303A1 (en
Inventor
Thomas Beck
Francis-Jurjen Ladru
Benjamin Lippke
Marcus Mensing
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP05019698A priority Critical patent/EP1762303B1/en
Priority to US11/518,554 priority patent/US7717058B2/en
Publication of EP1762303A1 publication Critical patent/EP1762303A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1762303B1 publication Critical patent/EP1762303B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/01—Selective coating, e.g. pattern coating, without pre-treatment of the material to be coated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/16—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/20—Masking elements, i.e. elements defining uncoated areas on an object to be coated

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the preparation of turbine blades for the spray coating of their operating area of the flowing medium in the blade area in a spray coating apparatus in which the turbine blade is used with its blade root in a cavity of a holder such that it adjoins the adjoining the blade root Blade region protrudes from an opening of the cavity to form a gap between the opening edge and the turbine blade, and wherein the gap is bridged by a fixed to the holder shield.
  • the invention further relates to a holder for fixing a turbine blade in a spray coating apparatus, with at least one opening having cavity for receiving the turbine blade such that the turbine blade is inserted with a blade root in the cavity and with the adjoining the blade root, in Operation projects from the medium flowing through the blade area protruding from the opening of the cavity to form a gap between the opening edge and turbine blade, wherein in the region of the opening a shield for bridging the gap is provided.
  • Highly stressed workpieces such as turbine blades, for example turbines, in particular gas turbines, such as guide vanes and rotor blades, are coated to improve their temperature and / or abrasion resistance with suitable metals, metal alloys or ceramics.
  • the coating is done by means of a spray coating device in which the turbine blade is spray-coated.
  • spray coating methods are atmospheric plasma spraying (APS). and High Speed Oxygen Fuel Spraying (HVOF).
  • the holder has a cavity with an opening into which the turbine blade is used with its blade root, so that it protrudes with the blade portion to be coated from the opening of the cavity.
  • the cavity may additionally have a connection to a compressed air source from which compressed air can be blown into the cavity for cooling during the coating process.
  • the US 5,665,217 discloses a turbine blade dip coating mount using a gas turbine blade seal that seals the dip bath to an interior cavity.
  • the EP 1 388 592 A1 discloses a method and apparatus for isolating a surface area of a workpiece where the seal lies beneath an aperture of the fixture.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method of the type mentioned above and a suitable holder in such a way that the overspray of parts of the turbine blades is avoided, which should remain uncoated in accordance with specifications.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention in that a shielding layer made of a plastic is used for the shielding, which is used in the spray coating is stable, wherein the shielding layer is arranged so that it reaches to the boundary between blade root and blade area.
  • the basic idea of the invention is therefore to provide a temperature-resistant plastic material between the turbine blade and the opening of the holder, in such a way that the part of the turbine blade which is not to be coated is completely covered, ie only the turbine surfaces remain free. In this way, an overspray of parts of the workpiece is avoided, which should remain layer-free, and it can on regrinding (overspray grinding) is dispensed with. Due to the use of the plastic material, there is no or at most limited adhesion of the material used for the spray coating, so that spalling of coating material when removing the turbine blade from the holder can be avoided.
  • the shielding is formed solely by the shielding layer, i. H. the use of shielding is omitted in this embodiment.
  • the shield is formed using at least one shielding plate on which the shielding layer is mounted on the workpiece side. In both cases, a flexible shielding tape can be used for the shielding layer.
  • the shielding band can be fastened to the shielding plate (s), preferably in such a way that the shielding band protrudes beyond the shielding plate (s), so that a step transition is also created to that extent.
  • the shielding layer is sprayed onto the shielding plate and then forms a coating.
  • the material for the shielding layer those which are heat-resistant so as to be resistant to spray coating should be used, and which are anti-adhesive, so that the coating material used in the spray-coating does not adhere to the shielding layer.
  • plastics such as PTFE. They avoid chipping during removal after the coating process. But other plastic materials are operational, provided they are similar or equal temperature resistant and anti-adhesive as PTFE.
  • the shielding layer is brought to bear against the turbine blade. This not only avoids overspray of non-coated areas, but also has an advantageous effect on the cooling of the turbine blade, since the injected cooling air is better used due to the sealing effect of the plastic material.
  • the shield should be placed so that it projects beyond the opening of the bracket.
  • the shield can be clamped to the bracket similar to the previously used Einsteckbleche.
  • a shielding layer made of a plastic is provided for the shield, which is resistant to the spray coating, wherein the shielding layer is arranged such that it is in the turbine blade inserted the boundary between blade root and blade area is sufficient.
  • the invention further provides a spray coating apparatus for spray coating workpieces, wherein the holder is formed as described above.
  • each holder 1 shown have a pot-like hollow body 2, the top side has a limited opening from an opening edge 3.
  • the hollow body 2 encloses a cavity 4, in which from above vertically a turbine blade 5 is inserted such that its blade root 6 is located substantially within the cavity 4 and there resting on a base 7, while the turbine blade 5 shown with its shortened During operation of the turbine provided therewith, the blade area 8, which is acted upon by the medium flowing through, extends outside the holder 1.
  • the arrow A indicates that the turbine blade 5 is cooled during the coating process with compressed air.
  • the holder 1 is intended to be used in a spray coating device, so that there the blade area 8 - this includes the top of the blade root 6 - is provided with a metal coating which is applied by plasma spraying. So that the coating remains limited to this and parts of the blade root 6 are not coated, the holders 1 have the blades 6 enclosing shields 9, 10, 11, which shield the part of the blade root 6 projecting from the hollow body 2 in such a way that the coating is applied the blade area 8 remains limited.
  • the shields 9, 10, 11 are formed differently.
  • the shield 9 consists of shielding plates 12, 13 and a shielding tape 14 fastened to the inside of the shielding plates 12, 13.
  • the shielding plates 12, 13 are clamped on the inside of the hollow body 2 by means of clamps 15, 16.
  • the shielding tape 14 protrudes upward beyond the shielding plates 12, 13 so far that it extends to the upper edge of the blade root 6 and abuts against its side faces. In this way, the distance between the blade root 6 and Bridged inside the hollow body 2. At the same time prevents parts of the blade root 6 are sprayed below the upper edge during coating.
  • the shield 10 also shielding plates 17, 18, which are provided on the inside with a shielding tape 19.
  • the arrangement of the shielding band 19 is the same as in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 , The only difference is that the shielding plates 17, 18 are extended so far up that their upper end faces are flush with the upper end faces of the shielding tape 19.
  • shielding In the embodiment according to FIG. 3 is dispensed with shielding.
  • the gap between the hollow body 2 and the turbine blade 5 is here bridged solely by a shielding 20, which rests in the lower region on the inside of the hollow body 2 and is clamped there by means of brackets 21, 22 and which rests in the upper region on the outside of the blade root 6.
  • the shielding tape 20 covers the blade root 6 up to its upper edge, so that it is ensured that only the blade area 8 are coated during the coating process.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Details Or Accessories Of Spraying Plant Or Apparatus (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Vorbereitung von Turbinenschaufeln für die Sprühbeschichtung von deren im Betrieb vom durchströmenden Medium beaufschlagten Schaufelbereich in einer Sprühbeschichtungsvorrichtung, bei dem die Turbinenschaufel mit ihrem Schaufelfuß in einen Hohlraum einer Halterung derart eingesetzt wird, dass sie mit dem sich an den Schaufelfuß anschließenden Schaufelbereich aus einer Öffnung des Hohlraums unter Bildung eines Spaltes zwischen Öffnungsrand und Turbinenschaufel herausragt, und bei dem der Spalt durch eine an der Halterung fixierte Abschirmung überbrückt wird. Die Erfindung betrifft des weiteren eine Halterung zur Fixierung einer Turbinenschaufel in einer Sprühbeschichtungsvorrichtung, mit wenigstens einem eine Öffnung aufweisenden Hohlraum für die Aufnahme der Turbinenschaufel derart, dass die Turbinenschaufel mit einem Schaufelfuß in den Hohlraum eingesetzt ist und mit dem sich an den Schaufelfuß anschließenden, im Betrieb vom durchströmenden Medium beaufschlagten Schaufelbereich aus der Öffnung des Hohlraums unter Bildung eines Spalts zwischen Öffnungsrand und Turbinenschaufel herausragt, wobei im Bereich der Öffnung eine Abschirmung zur Überbrückung des Spalts vorgesehen ist.The invention relates to a method for the preparation of turbine blades for the spray coating of their operating area of the flowing medium in the blade area in a spray coating apparatus in which the turbine blade is used with its blade root in a cavity of a holder such that it adjoins the adjoining the blade root Blade region protrudes from an opening of the cavity to form a gap between the opening edge and the turbine blade, and wherein the gap is bridged by a fixed to the holder shield. The invention further relates to a holder for fixing a turbine blade in a spray coating apparatus, with at least one opening having cavity for receiving the turbine blade such that the turbine blade is inserted with a blade root in the cavity and with the adjoining the blade root, in Operation projects from the medium flowing through the blade area protruding from the opening of the cavity to form a gap between the opening edge and turbine blade, wherein in the region of the opening a shield for bridging the gap is provided.

Hochbelastete Werkstücke wie beispielsweise für Turbinen, insbesondere Gasturbinen bestimmte Turbinenschaufeln wie Leit- und Laufschaufeln werden zur Verbesserung ihrer Temperatur- und/oder Abrasionsfestigkeit mit hierfür geeigneten Metallen, Metalllegierungen oder Keramiken beschichtet. Die Beschichtung geschieht mittels einer Sprühbeschichtungsvorrichtung, in der die Turbinenschaufel sprühbeschichtet wird. Beispiele für Sprühbeschichtungsverfahren sind das atmosphärische Plasmasprühen (APS) und das Hochgeschwindigkeits-Sauerstoff-Brennstoff-Sprühen (HVOF).Highly stressed workpieces, such as turbine blades, for example turbines, in particular gas turbines, such as guide vanes and rotor blades, are coated to improve their temperature and / or abrasion resistance with suitable metals, metal alloys or ceramics. The coating is done by means of a spray coating device in which the turbine blade is spray-coated. Examples of spray coating methods are atmospheric plasma spraying (APS). and High Speed Oxygen Fuel Spraying (HVOF).

Bei Turbinenschaufeln werden nur diejenigen Oberflächen beschichtet, die dem durchströmenden Medium - bei einer Gasturbine Heißgas - ausgesetzt sind, während der Schaufelfuß - Fußkörper bzw. Fußplatte - zur Befestigung der Turbinenschaufel beim Beschichtungsvorgang durch eine Halterung abgedeckt wird. Hierzu hat die Halterung einen Hohlraum mit einer Öffnung, in den die Turbinenschaufel mit ihrem Schaufelfuß eingesetzt wird, so dass sie mit dem zu beschichtenden Schaufelabschnitt aus der Öffnung des Hohlraums herausragt. Der Hohlraum kann zusätzliche eine Verbindung zu einer Druckluftquelle haben, von der während des Beschichtungsvorgangs Druckluft zur Kühlung in den Hohlraum eingeblasen werden kann.In the case of turbine blades, only those surfaces are coated which are exposed to the through-flowing medium-hot gas in a gas turbine-while the blade root-foot body or foot plate-is covered by a holder for fastening the turbine blade during the coating process. For this purpose, the holder has a cavity with an opening into which the turbine blade is used with its blade root, so that it protrudes with the blade portion to be coated from the opening of the cavity. The cavity may additionally have a connection to a compressed air source from which compressed air can be blown into the cavity for cooling during the coating process.

Nach Einsetzen der Turbinenschaufel in den Hohlraum der Halterung verbleibt zwischen der Innenseite der Halterung und der Turbinenschaufel ein Spalt. Dieser Spalt wird durch eine Abschirmung in Form von Abschirmblechen ausgefüllt. Um eine Brückenbildung des Beschichtungsmaterials zwischen Turbinenschaufel und den Abschirmblechen und hierdurch hervorgerufene Abplatzungen von Beschichtungsmaterial von der Turbinenschaufel beim Herausnehmen aus der Halterung zu vermeiden, sind diese in Klemmvorrichtungen derart eingesetzt, dass sie unter Bildung eines stufenweisen Übergangs von der Turbinenschaufel zur Halterung aus der Öffnung herausragen. Hierbei muss jedoch in Kauf genommen werden, dass aus der Halterung herausragende Bereiche des Werkstücks sprühbeschichtet werden, die spezifikationsgerecht schichtfrei bleiben müssen, weil sie bereits mechanisch auf Endmaß gebracht worden sind. Diese so genannten "Oversprays" müssen deshalb nach der Sprühbeschichtung in einem nachgeschalteten Verfahrensgang abgeschliffen werden (Oversprayschleifen). Dieser zusätzliche Verfahrensschritt ist zeit- und kostenaufwendig.After insertion of the turbine blade into the cavity of the holder, a gap remains between the inside of the holder and the turbine blade. This gap is filled by a shield in the form of shielding. In order to avoid bridge formation of the coating material between the turbine blade and the shielding plates and thereby causing flaking of coating material from the turbine blade when removing it from the holder, these are inserted into clamping devices such that they protrude from the opening to form a stepwise transition from the turbine blade to the holder , In this case, however, it must be accepted that protruding areas of the workpiece are spray-coated from the holder, which must remain free of coating according to specification, because they have already been mechanically brought to final dimensions. These so-called "oversprays" must therefore be sanded off after the spray coating in a downstream process (overspray grinding). This additional process step is time consuming and costly.

In der DE 698 15 644 T2 ist eine Sprühbeschichtungsvorrichtung mit einer Halterung offenbart, in die eine Vielzahl von Turbinenschaufeln eingesetzt werden können. Da nur die Spitzen der Turbinenschaufeln beschichtet werden sollen, ist der Schaufelbereich mit einer Blechabdeckung versehen, der nur den Spitzenbereich freilässt. Gehalten wird die Turbinenschaufel über einen Block aus einem elastischen Material, der einen dem Schaufelfuß benachbarten Teil des Schaufelbereichs derart eng umgibt, dass eine kompressive Kraft zwecks Fixierung des Abschirmblechs ausgeübt wird. Der Block ist innerhalb des Hohlraums der Halterung verspannt. In der DE 698 15 644 wird auch auf die Verwendung von Aluminiumfolientape zwecks Abdeckung von Schaufelbereichen hingewiesen. Die Halterung für die vorgeschriebene Sprühbeschichtungsvorrichtung ist für das ganzflächige Beschichten des Schaufelbereichs einer Turbinenschaufel nicht geeignet, da ein erheblicher Teil des Schaufelbereichs durch die Halterung selbst abgedeckt ist. DE 698 15 644 offenbart den Oberbegriff der unabhängigen Ansprüchen.In the DE 698 15 644 T2 discloses a spray coating apparatus with a holder into which a plurality of turbine blades can be inserted. Since only the tips of the turbine blades are to be coated, the blade area is provided with a metal cover that leaves only the tip area exposed. The turbine blade is held over a block made of an elastic material which closely surrounds a part of the blade area adjacent to the blade root in such a way that a compressive force is exerted for the purpose of fixing the shielding plate. The block is clamped within the cavity of the holder. In the DE 698 15 644 Reference is also made to the use of aluminum foil tape to cover blade areas. The holder for the prescribed spray coating apparatus is not suitable for full-area coating of the blade area of a turbine blade, since a considerable part of the blade area is covered by the holder itself. DE 698 15 644 discloses the preamble of the independent claims.

Die US 5,665,217 offenbart eine Halterung für eine Tauchbeschichtung von Turbinenschaufeln bei dem eine Dichtung zur Turbinenschaufel verwendet wird, die das Tauchbad gegenüber einem innen liegenden Hohlraum abdichtet.The US 5,665,217 discloses a turbine blade dip coating mount using a gas turbine blade seal that seals the dip bath to an interior cavity.

Die EP 1 388 592 A1 offenbart ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Isolierung eines Oberflächenbereichs eines Werkstücks bei dem die Dichtung unterhalb einer Öffnung der Halterung liegt.The EP 1 388 592 A1 discloses a method and apparatus for isolating a surface area of a workpiece where the seal lies beneath an aperture of the fixture.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art und eine dafür geeignete Halterung so auszugestalten, dass das Übersprühen von Teilen der Turbinenschaufeln vermieden wird, die spezifikationsgerecht unbeschichtet bleiben sollen.The invention has for its object to provide a method of the type mentioned above and a suitable holder in such a way that the overspray of parts of the turbine blades is avoided, which should remain uncoated in accordance with specifications.

Was das Verfahren betrifft, wird die Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass für die Abschirmung eine Abschirmschicht aus einem Kunststoff verwendet wird, der bei der Sprühbeschichtung beständig ist, wobei die Abschirmschicht derart angeordnet wird, dass sie bis an die Grenze zwischen Schaufelfuß und Schaufelbereich reicht. Grundgedanke der Erfindung ist es also, ein temperaturbeständiges Kunststoffmaterial zwischen Turbinenschaufel und Öffnung der Halterung vorzusehen, und zwar derart, dass der nicht zu beschichtende Teil der Turbinenschaufel vollständig abgedeckt wird, also nur die Turbinenflächen frei bleiben. Auf diese Weise wird ein Übersprühen von Teilen des Werkstückes vermieden, die schichtfrei bleiben sollen, und es kann auf das Nachschleifen (Overspray-Schleifen) verzichtet werden. Aufgrund der Verwendung des Kunststoffmaterials kommt es nicht oder allenfalls begrenzt zu Anhaftungen des für die Sprühbeschichtung verwendeten Materials, so dass Abplatzungen von Beschichtungsmaterial beim Herausnehmen der Turbinenschaufel aus der Halterung vermieden werden.With regard to the method, the object is achieved according to the invention in that a shielding layer made of a plastic is used for the shielding, which is used in the spray coating is stable, wherein the shielding layer is arranged so that it reaches to the boundary between blade root and blade area. The basic idea of the invention is therefore to provide a temperature-resistant plastic material between the turbine blade and the opening of the holder, in such a way that the part of the turbine blade which is not to be coated is completely covered, ie only the turbine surfaces remain free. In this way, an overspray of parts of the workpiece is avoided, which should remain layer-free, and it can on regrinding (overspray grinding) is dispensed with. Due to the use of the plastic material, there is no or at most limited adhesion of the material used for the spray coating, so that spalling of coating material when removing the turbine blade from the holder can be avoided.

In einer ersten Alternative des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird die Abschirmung allein von der Abschirmschicht gebildet, d. h. auf die Verwendung von Abschirmblechen wird bei dieser Ausführungsform verzichtet. Bei einer zweiten Alternative wird die Abschirmung unter Verwendung von wenigstens einem Abschirmblech gebildet, an dem werkstückseitig die Abschirmschicht angebracht ist. In beiden Fällen kann für die Abschirmschicht ein flexibles Abschirmband verwendet werden.In a first alternative of the method according to the invention, the shielding is formed solely by the shielding layer, i. H. the use of shielding is omitted in this embodiment. In a second alternative, the shield is formed using at least one shielding plate on which the shielding layer is mounted on the workpiece side. In both cases, a flexible shielding tape can be used for the shielding layer.

Im Falle der Verwendung von Abschirmblechen kann das Abschirmband an dem bzw. den Abschirmblech(en) befestigt werden, und zwar vorzugsweise so, dass das Abschirmband über das bzw. die Abschirmblech(e) vorsteht, damit auch insoweit ein Stufenübergang geschaffen wird. Alternativ dazu besteht die Möglichkeit, dass die Abschirmschicht auf das Abschirmblech aufgesprüht wird und dann eine Beschichtung bildet.In the case of using shielding plates, the shielding band can be fastened to the shielding plate (s), preferably in such a way that the shielding band protrudes beyond the shielding plate (s), so that a step transition is also created to that extent. Alternatively, there is the possibility that the shielding layer is sprayed onto the shielding plate and then forms a coating.

Als Material für die Abschirmschicht sollten solche Kunststoffe verwendet werden, die temperaturfest sind, so dass sie bei der Sprühbeschichtung beständig sind, und die antiadhäsiv sind, so dass es bei der Sprühbeschichtung nicht zu Anhaftungen des dabei verwendeten Beschichtungsmaterials an der Abschirmschicht kommt. Hierfür geeignet sind beispielsweise Kunststoffe wie PTFE. Sie vermeiden ein Abplatzen beim Ausbau nach dem Beschichtungsvorgang. Aber auch andere Kunststoffmaterialien sind einsatzfähig, sofern sie ähnlich oder gleich temperaturbeständig und antiadhäsiv sind wie PTFE.As the material for the shielding layer, those which are heat-resistant so as to be resistant to spray coating should be used, and which are anti-adhesive, so that the coating material used in the spray-coating does not adhere to the shielding layer. Suitable for this purpose, for example, plastics such as PTFE. They avoid chipping during removal after the coating process. But other plastic materials are operational, provided they are similar or equal temperature resistant and anti-adhesive as PTFE.

Besonders zweckmäßig ist es, wenn die Abschirmschicht an der Turbinenschaufel zur Anlage gebracht wird. Dies vermeidet nicht nur ein Übersprühen von nicht zu beschichtenden Bereichen, sondern wirkt sich auch vorteilhaft auf die Kühlung der Turbinenschaufel aus, da die eingespeiste Kühlluft aufgrund der Dichtwirkung des Kunststoffmaterials besser genutzt wird.It is particularly expedient if the shielding layer is brought to bear against the turbine blade. This not only avoids overspray of non-coated areas, but also has an advantageous effect on the cooling of the turbine blade, since the injected cooling air is better used due to the sealing effect of the plastic material.

Die Abschirmung sollte so angeordnet werden, dass sie über die Öffnung der Halterung vorsteht. Die Abschirmung kann an der Halterung ähnlich wie die zuvor verwendeten Einsteckbleche angeklemmt werden.The shield should be placed so that it projects beyond the opening of the bracket. The shield can be clamped to the bracket similar to the previously used Einsteckbleche.

Was die zweite, sich auf die Halterung beziehende Aufgabe betrifft, wird sie erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass für die Abschirmung eine Abschirmschicht aus einem Kunststoff vorgesehen ist, der bei der Sprühbeschichtung beständig ist, wobei die Abschirmschicht derart angeordnet ist, dass sie bei eingesetzter Turbinenschaufel an die Grenze zwischen Schaufelfuß und Schaufelbereich reicht.With regard to the second object relating to the holder, it is inventively achieved in that a shielding layer made of a plastic is provided for the shield, which is resistant to the spray coating, wherein the shielding layer is arranged such that it is in the turbine blade inserted the boundary between blade root and blade area is sufficient.

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist des Weiteren, eine Sprühbeschichtungsvorrichtung zur Sprühbeschichtung von Werkstücken, wobei die Halterung wie vorstehend beschrieben ausgebildet ist.The invention further provides a spray coating apparatus for spray coating workpieces, wherein the holder is formed as described above.

In der Zeichnung ist die Erfindung anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen näher veranschaulicht. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Halterung mit Turbinenschaufel im Vertikalschnitt;
Figur 2
ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Halterung im Vertikalschnitt und
Figur 3
ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Halterung im Vertikalschnitt.
In the drawing, the invention is illustrated by means of exemplary embodiments. Show it:
FIG. 1
a first embodiment of the support according to the invention with turbine blade in vertical section;
FIG. 2
A second embodiment of the holder according to the invention in vertical section and
FIG. 3
a third embodiment of the holder according to the invention in vertical section.

Die in den Figuren 1 bis 3 dargestellten Halterungen 1 weisen jeweils einen topfartigen Hohlkörper 2 auf, der obenseitig eine von einem Öffnungsrand 3 begrenzte Öffnung aufweist. Der Hohlkörper 2 umschließt einen Hohlraum 4, in den von oben senkrecht eine Turbinenschaufel 5 derart eingesetzt ist, dass sich deren Schaufelfuß 6 im wesentlichen innerhalb des Hohlraums 4 befindet und dort stirnseitig auf einem Sockel 7 ruht, während sich die Turbinenschaufel 5 mit ihrem verkürzt dargestellten, im Betrieb der damit versehenen Turbine vom durchströmenden Medium beaufschlagten Schaufelbereich 8 außerhalb der Halterung 1 erstreckt. Durch den Pfeil A wird angedeutet, dass die Turbinenschaufel 5 beim Beschichtungsvorgang mit Druckluft gekühlt wird.The in the FIGS. 1 to 3 each holder 1 shown have a pot-like hollow body 2, the top side has a limited opening from an opening edge 3. The hollow body 2 encloses a cavity 4, in which from above vertically a turbine blade 5 is inserted such that its blade root 6 is located substantially within the cavity 4 and there resting on a base 7, while the turbine blade 5 shown with its shortened During operation of the turbine provided therewith, the blade area 8, which is acted upon by the medium flowing through, extends outside the holder 1. The arrow A indicates that the turbine blade 5 is cooled during the coating process with compressed air.

Die Halterung 1 ist dazu bestimmt, in eine Sprühbeschichtungsvorrichtung eingesetzt zu werden, damit dort der Schaufelbereich 8 - hierzu gehört auch die Oberseite des Schaufelfußes 6 - mit einer Metallbeschichtung versehen wird, die mittels Plasmasprühen aufgebracht wird. Damit die Beschichtung darauf beschränkt bleibt und nicht auch Teile des Schaufelfußes 6 beschichtet werden, weisen die Halterungen 1 den Schaufelfuß 6 umschließende Abschirmungen 9, 10, 11 auf, die den aus dem Hohlkörper 2 herausragenden Teil des Schaufelfußes 6 derart abschirmen, dass die Beschichtung auf den Schaufelbereich 8 beschränkt bleibt. Dabei sind die Abschirmungen 9, 10, 11 unterschiedlich ausgebildet.The holder 1 is intended to be used in a spray coating device, so that there the blade area 8 - this includes the top of the blade root 6 - is provided with a metal coating which is applied by plasma spraying. So that the coating remains limited to this and parts of the blade root 6 are not coated, the holders 1 have the blades 6 enclosing shields 9, 10, 11, which shield the part of the blade root 6 projecting from the hollow body 2 in such a way that the coating is applied the blade area 8 remains limited. The shields 9, 10, 11 are formed differently.

Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figur 1 besteht die Abschirmung 9 aus Abschirmblechen 12, 13 und einem an der Innenseite der Abschirmbleche 12, 13 befestigten Abschirmband 14. Die Abschirmbleche 12, 13 sind mittels Klammern 15, 16 an der Innenseite des Hohlkörpers 2 festgeklemmt. Das Abschirmband 14 steht nach oben über die Abschirmbleche 12, 13 so weit vor, das es bis an die Oberkante des Schaufelfußes 6 reicht und an dessen dortige Seitenflächen anliegt. Auf diese Weise wird der Abstand zwischen Schaufelfuß 6 und Innenseite des Hohlkörpers 2 überbrückt. Gleichzeitig wird verhindert, dass Teile des Schaufelfußes 6 unterhalb dessen Oberkante beim Beschichten übersprüht werden.In the embodiment according to FIG. 1 the shield 9 consists of shielding plates 12, 13 and a shielding tape 14 fastened to the inside of the shielding plates 12, 13. The shielding plates 12, 13 are clamped on the inside of the hollow body 2 by means of clamps 15, 16. The shielding tape 14 protrudes upward beyond the shielding plates 12, 13 so far that it extends to the upper edge of the blade root 6 and abuts against its side faces. In this way, the distance between the blade root 6 and Bridged inside the hollow body 2. At the same time prevents parts of the blade root 6 are sprayed below the upper edge during coating.

Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figur 2 weist die Abschirmung 10 ebenfalls Abschirmbleche 17, 18 auf, die innenseitig mit einem Abschirmband 19 versehen sind. Die Anordnung des Abschirmbandes 19 ist die gleiche wie bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figur 1. Der einzige Unterschied besteht darin, dass die Abschirmbleche 17, 18 soweit nach oben verlängert sind, dass deren obere Stirnseiten bündig zu den oberen Stirnseiten des Abschirmbandes 19 liegen.In the embodiment according to FIG. 2 the shield 10 also shielding plates 17, 18, which are provided on the inside with a shielding tape 19. The arrangement of the shielding band 19 is the same as in the embodiment according to FIG FIG. 1 , The only difference is that the shielding plates 17, 18 are extended so far up that their upper end faces are flush with the upper end faces of the shielding tape 19.

Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figur 3 wird auf Abschirmbleche verzichtet. Der Spalt zwischen Hohlkörper 2 und Turbinenschaufel 5 wird hier allein durch ein Abschirmband 20 überbrückt, das im unteren Bereich an der Innenseite des Hohlkörpers 2 anliegt und dort mittels Klammern 21, 22 festgeklemmt ist und das im oberen Bereich an der Außenseite des Schaufelfußes 6 anliegt. Auch hier deckt das Abschirmband 20 den Schaufelfuß 6 bis zu dessen Oberkante ab, so dass gesichert ist, dass beim Beschichtungsvorgang nur der Schaufelbereich 8 beschichtet werden.In the embodiment according to FIG. 3 is dispensed with shielding. The gap between the hollow body 2 and the turbine blade 5 is here bridged solely by a shielding 20, which rests in the lower region on the inside of the hollow body 2 and is clamped there by means of brackets 21, 22 and which rests in the upper region on the outside of the blade root 6. Again, the shielding tape 20 covers the blade root 6 up to its upper edge, so that it is ensured that only the blade area 8 are coated during the coating process.

Claims (25)

  1. Method of preparing turbine blades (5) for spray coating their blade region (8) that is subjected to the medium flowing through during operation in a spray coating apparatus, in which the turbine blade (5) is inserted with its blade root (6) into a cavity (4) of a mounting (1) in such a way that it protrudes with the blade region (8) that adjoins the blade root (6) from an opening of the cavity (4) to form a gap between the rim (3) of the opening and the turbine blade (5), and in which the gap is bridged by a shielding (9, 10, 11) fixed on the mounting (1), characterized in that a shielding layer (14, 19, 20) of a plastic which is resistant during the spray coating is used for the shielding (9, 10, 11), the shielding layer (14, 19, 20) being arranged in such a way that it reaches up to the boundary between the blade root (6) and the blade region (8), and
    in that the shielding (9, 10, 11) is arranged in such a way that it projects beyond the opening of the mounting (1).
  2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the shielding (11) is formed just by the shielding layer (20).
  3. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the shielding (9, 10) is formed by at least one shielding plate (12, 13, 17, 18) with a shielding layer (14, 19) applied on the workpiece side.
  4. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a flexible shielding tape (14, 19, 20) is used as the shielding layer.
  5. Method according to Claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the shielding tape (14, 19) is fastened to the shielding plate or plates (12, 13, 17, 18).
  6. Method according to Claim 5, characterized in that the shielding tape (14) is applied in such a way that it projects beyond the shielding plate or plates (12, 13).
  7. Method according to Claim 3, characterized in that the shielding layer is sprayed onto the shielding plate.
  8. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a plastic which is anti-adhesive for the coating material that is used during the spray coating is used for the shielding layer (14, 19, 20).
  9. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that PTFE or a material which is at least similarly or equally temperature-resistant is used as the plastic.
  10. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the shielding layer (14, 18, 19) is brought to bear against the turbine blade (5).
  11. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the shielding (9, 10, 11) is fastened on the inner side to the mounting (1).
  12. Method according to Claim 11, characterized in that the shielding (9, 10, 11) is clamped onto the mounting (1).
  13. Mounting (1) for fixing a turbine blade (5) in a spray coating apparatus, with at least one cavity (4) having an opening for receiving the turbine blade (5) in such a way that the turbine blade (5) is inserted with a blade root (6) into the cavity (4) and protrudes with the blade region (8) that adjoins the blade root (6) and is subjected to the medium flowing through during operation from the opening of the cavity (4) to form a gap between the rim (3) of the opening and the turbine blade (5), a shielding (9, 10, 11) being provided in the region of the opening to bridge the gap, characterized in that a shielding layer (14, 19, 20) of a plastic which is resistant during the spray coating is provided for the shielding (9, 10, 11), the shielding layer (14, 19, 20) being arranged in such a way that, with the turbine blade (5) inserted, it reaches up to the boundary between the blade root (6) and the blade region (8), and in that the shielding (9,10,11) protrudes from the opening.
  14. Mounting according to Claim 13, characterized in that the shielding (11) is formed just by the shielding layer (20).
  15. Mounting according to Claim 13, characterized in that the shielding (9, 10) is formed by at least one shielding plate (12, 13, 17, 18) with a shielding layer (14, 19) applied on the workpiece side.
  16. Mounting according to one of Claims 13 to 15, characterized in that the shielding layer is formed as a flexible shielding tape (14, 19, 20).
  17. Mounting according to Claims 15 and 16, characterized in that the shielding tape (14, 19) is fastened to the shielding plate or plates (12, 13, 17, 18).
  18. Mounting according to Claim 17, characterized in that the shielding layer (14) projects beyond the shielding plate or plates (12, 13).
  19. Mounting according to Claim 15, characterized in that the shielding layer is sprayed onto the shielding plate or plates.
  20. Mounting according to one of Claims 13 to 19, characterized in that the shielding layer (14, 19, 20) consists of a plastic which is anti-adhesive for the coating material that is used during the spray coating.
  21. Mounting according to one of Claims 13 to 20, characterized in that the plastic is PTFE or a material which has at least similar or equal temperature resistance.
  22. Mounting according to one of Claims 13 to 20, characterized in that the shielding (9, 10, 11) is applied on the inner side to the mounting (1).
  23. Mounting according to Claim 22, characterized in that the shielding (9, 10, 11) is clamped onto the mounting (1).
  24. Mounting according to one of Claims 13 to 23, with a turbine blade (5) set in it, characterized in that the shielding (9, 10, 11) is arranged in such a way that it bears with the shielding layer (14, 19, 20) against the workpiece (5).
  25. Spray coating apparatus for spray coating turbine blades (5), with a mounting (1), characterized in that the mounting (1) is formed according to one of Claims 13 to 24
EP05019698A 2005-09-09 2005-09-09 Method for preparing turbine blades for spray coating and device for holding such blades Not-in-force EP1762303B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05019698A EP1762303B1 (en) 2005-09-09 2005-09-09 Method for preparing turbine blades for spray coating and device for holding such blades
US11/518,554 US7717058B2 (en) 2005-09-09 2006-09-08 Method of preparing turbine blades for spray coating and mounting for fixing such a turbine blade

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05019698A EP1762303B1 (en) 2005-09-09 2005-09-09 Method for preparing turbine blades for spray coating and device for holding such blades

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1762303A1 EP1762303A1 (en) 2007-03-14
EP1762303B1 true EP1762303B1 (en) 2012-10-17

Family

ID=35717712

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05019698A Not-in-force EP1762303B1 (en) 2005-09-09 2005-09-09 Method for preparing turbine blades for spray coating and device for holding such blades

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US7717058B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1762303B1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013224568A1 (en) * 2013-11-29 2015-06-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method for producing a chamfer, component with chamfer and device
EP2915590A1 (en) 2014-03-06 2015-09-09 MTU Aero Engines GmbH Method and device for partially covering a component area of a component

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ATE448908T1 (en) * 2007-04-12 2009-12-15 Siemens Ag SYSTEM AND DEVICE CONCEPT FOR A SHOTPEENING SYSTEM FOR SOLIDIFYING GAS TURBINE BLADE FOOT
ATE540134T1 (en) * 2007-11-05 2012-01-15 Siemens Ag COMPONENT HOLDING DEVICE FOR USE IN A COATING SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR COATING A COMPONENT
DE102008025510A1 (en) * 2008-05-28 2009-12-03 Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh Covering device and method for coating components
EP2181775B1 (en) * 2008-11-04 2012-09-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Holder for large components with improved spray protection
US8967078B2 (en) * 2009-08-27 2015-03-03 United Technologies Corporation Abrasive finish mask and method of polishing a component
EP2309016B1 (en) * 2009-10-06 2012-10-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and arrangement for a spray coating process
EP2359940A1 (en) * 2010-02-12 2011-08-24 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Overspray shielding device and method
FR2959528B1 (en) * 2010-04-29 2012-06-08 Snecma REMOVABLE MASK FOR A DRAFT PLATFORM OR A TURBOMACHINE DISPENSER SECTOR
US20130136864A1 (en) * 2011-11-28 2013-05-30 United Technologies Corporation Passive termperature control of hpc rotor coating
CN106756818B (en) * 2016-11-30 2019-03-15 中航动力股份有限公司 A kind of protective device and method for turborotor variable-angle applying coating
CN106493642B (en) * 2016-12-28 2018-11-13 无锡透平叶片有限公司 Supporting and positioning device for blade root working face shot-peening and spray treatment
DE102017216654A1 (en) * 2017-09-20 2019-03-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Aligning and fixing a workpiece for further processing by means of an additive manufacturing process
DE102018217280A1 (en) * 2018-10-10 2020-04-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Turbine blade holder without bridging and procedures
WO2020097042A1 (en) 2018-11-07 2020-05-14 Orizon Aerostructures, Llc Systems, devices, and methods for use with aerospace parts

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4271005A (en) * 1979-12-03 1981-06-02 United Technologies Corporation Workpiece support apparatus for use with cathode sputtering devices
US5486281A (en) * 1993-10-15 1996-01-23 United Technologies Corporation Method for CBN tipping of HPC integrally bladed rotors
US5867762A (en) * 1994-05-26 1999-02-02 Rafferty; Kevin Masking tape
US6037004A (en) 1997-12-19 2000-03-14 United Technologies Corporation Shield and method for protecting an airfoil surface
US6544460B2 (en) * 1998-11-20 2003-04-08 United Technologies Corporation Method and fixture for disposing filler material in an article
US6485655B1 (en) * 2001-08-02 2002-11-26 General Electric Company Method and apparatus for retaining an internal coating during article repair
EP1388592B1 (en) * 2002-07-31 2010-08-25 Hilmar Bode Process and apparatus for isolating a surface area of a workpiece
US6863927B2 (en) * 2002-09-27 2005-03-08 General Electric Aviation Service Operation Ptd. Ltd. Method for vapor phase aluminiding of a gas turbine blade partially masked with a masking enclosure
FR2863191B1 (en) * 2003-12-04 2007-04-20 Snecma Moteurs PROTECTIVE MASK FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF TURBOMACHINE BLADES

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013224568A1 (en) * 2013-11-29 2015-06-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method for producing a chamfer, component with chamfer and device
EP2915590A1 (en) 2014-03-06 2015-09-09 MTU Aero Engines GmbH Method and device for partially covering a component area of a component
DE102014204117A1 (en) 2014-03-06 2015-10-15 MTU Aero Engines AG Method and device for partially covering a component region of a component

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US7717058B2 (en) 2010-05-18
EP1762303A1 (en) 2007-03-14
US20070110910A1 (en) 2007-05-17

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP1762303B1 (en) Method for preparing turbine blades for spray coating and device for holding such blades
DE69924920T2 (en) Cover for a turbine vane
DE102009060692B4 (en) Method for edge sealing of a component and edge-sealed component
EP2326740A1 (en) Apparatus and method for masking a component zone
DE102012017186A1 (en) Mask for a coating system, coating system and method of making a coated substrate
EP1942387A1 (en) Coating concept for a APS/HVOF system with 2 robots
DE102015121648A1 (en) Turbine component surface treatment methods and systems
EP1393857B1 (en) Holder for a workpiece with a porous coating on its surface, and a method to polish this workpiece
DE102010052635A1 (en) Holding cleaning device and method for sectionally cleaning sawn wafers
EP2055800B1 (en) Component holding device for use in a coating facility and method for coating a component
DE102016121805A1 (en) Impregnating plant with a blowing device
EP3064608A1 (en) Device and method for the partial covering of a component zone of a component
DE102016207863A1 (en) Method for processing at least one component region of a component and masking element for partially covering a component to be processed
WO2010048931A1 (en) Apparatus for partial covering of a component zone
DE19919054B4 (en) Cover for a component surface
DE3325251A1 (en) Process for testing and reconditioning protective layers applied to building elements
DE69928727T2 (en) Closure element for a cover of a turbine guide vane
DE102018201453A1 (en) Process for the production of a mask in layers
WO2006074961A2 (en) Coating method and covering for removing overspray-adherences
DE102012105521A1 (en) Use of a carbon coating for coating a masking agent for section-wise masking of surface portions of a component, which is provided for thermal spraying
EP2915590B1 (en) Method and device for partially covering a component area of a component
EP1980366B1 (en) Facility and device concept for a shotpeening facility for strengthening rotor blade bases in gas turbines
DE102016211397A1 (en) Masking device and method for producing a masking device for partially covering a component
DE102010047906B4 (en) Process for electrochemical partial coating of a component and device
DE102008023815B4 (en) Covering device of a high pressure water jet device

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20060606

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: AL BA HR MK YU

AKX Designation fees paid

Designated state(s): CH DE GB IT LI

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: LIPPKE, BENJAMIN

Inventor name: BECK, THOMAS

Inventor name: LADRU, FRANCIS-JURJEN

Inventor name: MENSING, MARCUS

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): CH DE GB IT LI

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: NV

Representative=s name: SIEMENS SCHWEIZ AG, CH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 502005013188

Country of ref document: DE

Effective date: 20121213

RAP2 Party data changed (patent owner data changed or rights of a patent transferred)

Owner name: SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20130718

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 502005013188

Country of ref document: DE

Effective date: 20130718

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20150909

Year of fee payment: 11

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20150924

Year of fee payment: 11

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20151202

Year of fee payment: 11

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20151120

Year of fee payment: 11

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R119

Ref document number: 502005013188

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20160909

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20160930

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20160930

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20160909

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20170401

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20160909