EP1759097B1 - Dispositif pour purifier les gaz d'echappement d'un moteur a combustion interne - Google Patents
Dispositif pour purifier les gaz d'echappement d'un moteur a combustion interne Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1759097B1 EP1759097B1 EP05767079A EP05767079A EP1759097B1 EP 1759097 B1 EP1759097 B1 EP 1759097B1 EP 05767079 A EP05767079 A EP 05767079A EP 05767079 A EP05767079 A EP 05767079A EP 1759097 B1 EP1759097 B1 EP 1759097B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- iron
- containing material
- catalytically active
- active coating
- combustion engine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
- F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
- F01N3/0222—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being monolithic, e.g. honeycombs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/0231—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using special exhaust apparatus upstream of the filter for producing nitrogen dioxide, e.g. for continuous filter regeneration systems [CRT]
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2250/00—Combinations of different methods of purification
- F01N2250/02—Combinations of different methods of purification filtering and catalytic conversion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
- F01N2330/06—Ceramic, e.g. monoliths
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2510/00—Surface coverings
- F01N2510/06—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction
- F01N2510/065—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction for reducing soot ignition temperature
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for cleaning exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine. Furthermore, the invention relates to an exhaust system for an internal combustion engine.
- a catalytic diesel soot filter which comprises a catalytically active coating of metal-doped zeolite.
- the zeolite is loaded with a Group IB, IIB, VB, VIB or VIIB metal of the Periodic Table or a combination thereof, preferably using nickel, copper, manganese, vanadium, silver or a combination thereof.
- the DE 37 31 889 A1 describes a diesel particulate filter incorporating a filter element as a support for a catalyst prepared using at least one metal oxide having.
- the carrier consists of a ceramic or metal foam body, the pore surfaces are coated continuously with one or more metal oxides of groups Ib, Vb, Vib, VIIb or the Fe group.
- this particulate filter still has no satisfactory effectiveness in terms of NO x reduction.
- a device for purifying exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine which comprises a particle filter, which is provided with a catalytically active coating
- the catalytically active coating comprises a carrier material and an iron-containing material connected to the carrier material and present at least on the surface thereof, wherein the carrier material is, for example, a silicon oxide (silica).
- an iron-containing material which is bonded to the support material and is present on the surface thereof, is very active as a catalytically active substance with respect to the conversion of the exhaust gases has good effect. It could thus be stated that, due to the composition according to the invention of the catalytically active coating, nitrogen oxides react with those in the exhaust gas Existing soot particles are excited, wherein even at temperatures of about 220 ° C, a reduction of NO x to N 2 , ie a nitrogen formation, has been found and in the exhaust gas leaving the device are almost no harmful NO molecules contained more, with a additional reducing agent can be dispensed with.
- the soot particles contained in the exhaust gas are held in a conventional manner to the particulate filter and thus prevented from leaving the exhaust pipe in which the device according to the invention is preferably installed.
- the soot particles retained on the pores of the particulate filter serve to reduce the nitrogen oxides as described above, so that the amount of soot increases far less than with known particulate filters and, correspondingly, less frequently regeneration is required.
- the catalytic coating with the iron-containing material also causes a reduction in the ignition temperature of the soot in addition to the triggering of these reactions.
- the support material is an aluminosilicate or a silicon oxide
- a very fine distribution of the present at the surface of the support material iron-containing material is achieved, whereby a significant increase in reactivity is achieved.
- the iron-containing material has iron oxide.
- Iron oxide is a very good oxidation catalyst for carbon black and is advantageously nontoxic.
- the iron-containing material consists of 100% iron oxide.
- the iron-containing material has pure iron.
- the iron-containing material consists of 100% pure iron.
- the catalytically active coating comprises a noble metal.
- the precious metals platinum and in particular palladium have proved to be particularly effective.
- An exhaust system for an internal combustion engine with an inventive device for purifying exhaust gases is specified in claim 16.
- An internal combustion engine 1 is provided with an exhaust system 2, which has an exhaust pipe 2a, are discharged through the produced in the internal combustion engine 1 in a conventional manner exhaust gases.
- an exhaust pipe 2a In the exhaust pipe 2a, a device 3 for cleaning the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine 1 is arranged, which will be described in more detail below.
- the internal combustion engine 1 is preferably an internal combustion engine operating on the diesel principle, in the exhaust of which, in addition to other pollutants, soot particles are contained.
- the device 3 has a particle filter 4 shown in a highly schematic manner, which preferably consists of ceramic, such as silicon carbide, but which may also consist of aluminum oxide or another suitable material.
- the particle filter 4 in turn has a plurality of inlet channels 5 and outlet channels 6, which are mutually closed. It is therefore a reciprocal channel system. Alternatively, an open system with any channel shape and geometry would be possible.
- the inlet channels 5 and the outlet channels 6 are separated from one another by respective walls 7 indicated by dashed lines, so that the exhaust gases have to flow through the walls 7 in order to pass from the inlet channels 5 into the outlet channels 6 and in this way leave the particle filter 4.
- the material of the walls 7 of the particulate filter 4 is formed in a manner known per se porous, so that the gaseous exhaust gas constituents can flow through the walls 7, the soot particles, however, remain at the same or are deposited.
- the particulate filter 4 and the same forming walls 7 is provided with a catalytically active coating 8, which has a carrier material 9 and connected to the substrate 9, the same on the surface thereof, iron-containing material 10.
- the carrier material 9 of the catalytically active coating 8 is connected to the particle filter 4 by means of a binding agent 11 made of cerium oxide.
- the iron-containing material 10 may in one embodiment of the device 3 comprise iron oxide, it is also possible in this context that the iron-containing material 10 consists of 100% iron oxide. Alternatively, it is also possible that the iron-containing material 10 has pure iron or consists of 100% pure iron. Furthermore, a mixture of iron oxide and pure iron to form the iron-containing material 10 is possible. In addition, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, cobalt, nickel, copper, Zinc, zirconium, niobium, tungsten and / or rhenium be included in the ferrous material 10, with iron oxide or pure iron always make the largest part of the iron-containing material 10.
- the known ion exchange method can be used, but it is also possible to connect the carrier material 9 with the iron-containing material 10 by means of a coating method.
- the catalytically active coating 8 in addition to the carrier material 9 and the iron-containing material 10, a noble metal 12, which is applied in the illustrated case as an additional layer on the catalytically active coating 8.
- a noble metal 12 which is applied in the illustrated case as an additional layer on the catalytically active coating 8.
- Palladium or platinum is preferably used as the noble metal 12, but the use of ruthenium, rhodium, silver, osmium, iridium or gold could also be provided.
- the noble metal 12 may be present as an oxide or as a pure element.
- the support material 9 preferably consists of an amorphous or crystalline aluminosilicate, for example of a ⁇ -zeolite, a zeolite of the type Y or a zeolite of the type ZSM5.
- This porous carrier material 9 having a very large surface area is modified with the iron-containing material 10 such that the iron-containing material 10 is finely distributed over at least approximately the entire surface of the carrier material 9.
- a crystalline zeolite beta prove to be particularly suitable, especially because it does not decompose even after a long time in which it is exposed to the exhaust gas, and just with the iron-containing material 10 causes an extremely good effect of the catalytically active coating 8.
- amorphous silicon oxide (SiO 2 ) for the carrier material 9, the framework structure of which may be, for example, of the MCM41 type.
- the operation of the device 3 is as follows: On the particulate filter 4, the soot particles contained in the exhaust gas settle and reduce by the action of the catalytically active coating 8 contained in the exhaust NO 2 - and NO molecules to N 2 molecules, said at the same time oxidizes the carbon black essentially forming carbon to CO 2 .
- the following reaction equations or at least one of them apply: 2NO + C -> N 2 + CO 2 respectively. 2NO 2 + 2C -> N 2 + 2CO 2
- Fig. 1 is also shown that the device 3, an additional, commercially available oxidation catalyst 13, for example based on platinum and / or palladium, may be upstream, in order to produce from the present in the exhaust NO, the more reactive NO 2 .
- Another object of the oxidation catalyst 13 may be to oxidize hydrocarbons and CO. Since just hydrocarbons could be stored in the zeolite, the danger of deactivation of the zeolite is avoided in this way.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Claims (17)
- Dispositif (3) pour nettoyer les gaz d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne (1) comprenant un filtre à particules (4) muni d'un revêtement (8) à activité catalytique, ce revêtement (8) à activité catalytique ayant un matériau de support (9) et un matériau (10) contenant du fer, lié au matériau de support (9) au moins à la surface de celui-ci,
le matériau de support (9) étant un aluminosilicate ou un oxyde de silicium,
caractérisé en ce que
le matériau de support (9) est relié au filtre à particules (4) par un liant (11), le liant étant du ceroxyde. - Dispositif selon la revendication 1,
caractérisé en ce que
le matériau de support (9) est un zéolite. - Dispositif selon la revendication 1,
caractérisé en ce que
le matériau de support (9) est un oxyde de silicium dont la structure de l'ossature est de type MCM41 ou MCM48. - Dispositif selon les revendications 1, 2 ou 3,
caractérisé en ce que
le matériau (10) contenant du fer est de l'oxyde de fer. - Dispositif selon la revendication 4,
caractérisé en ce que
le matériau contenant du fer (10) est constitué de 100 % d'oxyde de fer. - Dispositif selon les revendications 1, 2 ou 3,
caractérisé en ce que
le matériau contenant du fer (10) est du fer pur. - Procédé selon la revendication 6,
caractérisé en ce que
le matériau contenant du fer (10) est du fer pur à 100 %. - Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7,
caractérisé en ce que
le matériau contenant du fer (10) est lié au matériau de support (9) par l'intermédiaire d'un revêtement. - Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7,
caractérisé en ce que
le matériau contenant du fer (10) est appliqué sur le matériau de support (9) par un échange d'ions. - Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9,
caractérisé en ce que
le revêtement à activité catalytique (8) est un métal noble (12). - Dispositif selon la revendication 10,
caractérisé en ce que
le métal noble (12) est appliqué comme couche supplémentaire sur le revêtement à activité catalytique (8). - Dispositif selon la revendication 10,
caractérisé en ce que
le métal noble (12) est réparti dans le revêtement à activité catalytique (8). - Dispositif selon les revendications 10, 11 ou 12,
caractérisé en ce que
le métal noble (12) est du platine ou du palladium. - Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 2 ou 4 à 11,
caractérisé en ce que
le zéolite (9) est un zéolite β. - Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 14,
caractérisé en ce que
le filtre à particules (4) est une céramique ou un métal avec un système de canaux alternant sur les côtés ou un système ouvert. - Installation de gaz d'échappement (2) d'un moteur à combustion interne (1) comportant une conduite de gaz d'échappement (2a) et un dispositif (3) de nettoyage des gaz d'échappement selon l'une des revendications 1 à 15, dispositif monté dans la conduite des gaz d'échappement (2a).
- Installation de gaz d'échappement selon la revendication 16,
caractérisée en ce que
le dispositif (3) est un catalyseur d'oxydation (13).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004028276A DE102004028276B4 (de) | 2004-06-11 | 2004-06-11 | Vorrichtung zur Reinigung von Abgasen einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine |
PCT/EP2005/006219 WO2005121514A1 (fr) | 2004-06-11 | 2005-06-09 | Dispositif pour purifier les gaz d'echappement d'un moteur a combustion interne |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1759097A1 EP1759097A1 (fr) | 2007-03-07 |
EP1759097B1 true EP1759097B1 (fr) | 2008-10-15 |
Family
ID=34972921
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05767079A Not-in-force EP1759097B1 (fr) | 2004-06-11 | 2005-06-09 | Dispositif pour purifier les gaz d'echappement d'un moteur a combustion interne |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20080034741A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1759097B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN101184909B (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE411450T1 (fr) |
DE (2) | DE102004028276B4 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2312002T3 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2005121514A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2943927B1 (fr) * | 2009-04-02 | 2012-03-30 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Filtre a particules pour moteur a combustion interne |
Family Cites Families (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4711870A (en) * | 1985-04-27 | 1987-12-08 | Bridgestone Corporation | Exhaust gas purifying catalyst |
DE8518123U1 (de) * | 1985-06-21 | 1988-01-07 | MOC-Danner GmbH, 7403 Ammerbuch | Filterkörper zum Filtern und/oder katalytischen Behandeln von Gasen oder Flüssigkeiten |
DE3716446A1 (de) * | 1987-05-16 | 1988-12-01 | Dornier System Gmbh | Katalytisches dieselruss-filter |
DE3731889A1 (de) * | 1987-09-01 | 1989-06-29 | Mototech Motoren Umweltschutz | Dieselruss-partikelfilter und verfahren zu seiner herstellung |
DE3731899A1 (de) * | 1987-09-23 | 1989-04-27 | Klaus Prof Mangold | Verfahren zum abscheiden von stickoxiden aus abgasen von feuerungsanlagen |
US4902487A (en) * | 1988-05-13 | 1990-02-20 | Johnson Matthey, Inc. | Treatment of diesel exhaust gases |
JP3098083B2 (ja) * | 1991-12-26 | 2000-10-10 | マツダ株式会社 | 排気ガス浄化用触媒 |
DE4221451C2 (de) * | 1992-06-30 | 1996-02-29 | Werner Prof Dr Weisweiler | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur katalysierten Entstickung der Abgase von Dieselmotoren und Mager-Ottomotoren |
KR940011777A (ko) * | 1992-11-30 | 1994-06-22 | 다나까 소오조오 | 디젤엔진 배기가스 정화용 촉매 |
EP0761289A3 (fr) * | 1995-09-08 | 1997-05-02 | Riken Kk | Epurateur et méthode pour la purification de gaz d'échappement |
US6013599A (en) * | 1998-07-15 | 2000-01-11 | Redem Corporation | Self-regenerating diesel exhaust particulate filter and material |
DE69927718T2 (de) * | 1998-11-13 | 2006-07-13 | Engelhard Corp. | Katalysator und verfahren zur reduzierung der abgasemissionen |
US6333016B1 (en) * | 1999-06-02 | 2001-12-25 | The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Oklahoma | Method of producing carbon nanotubes |
KR100843992B1 (ko) * | 1999-12-23 | 2008-07-07 | 다우 글로벌 테크놀로지스 인크. | 촉매 장치 |
DE10001539B4 (de) * | 2000-01-14 | 2006-01-19 | Uhde Gmbh | Verfahren zur Beseitigung von NOx und N2O |
US7052532B1 (en) * | 2000-03-09 | 2006-05-30 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | High temperature nanofilter, system and method |
JP4703818B2 (ja) * | 2000-06-20 | 2011-06-15 | 株式会社アイシーティー | 排気ガス浄化用触媒および排気ガス浄化方法 |
US6826906B2 (en) * | 2000-08-15 | 2004-12-07 | Engelhard Corporation | Exhaust system for enhanced reduction of nitrogen oxides and particulates from diesel engines |
US20020172633A1 (en) * | 2001-03-06 | 2002-11-21 | Koermer Gerald S. | Vehicular atmosphere cleansing system |
JP2003135976A (ja) * | 2001-11-05 | 2003-05-13 | Denso Corp | 自動車用触媒 |
PL1613417T3 (pl) * | 2003-04-17 | 2009-12-31 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Sposób rozkładu ditlenku azotu |
US7506504B2 (en) * | 2005-12-21 | 2009-03-24 | Basf Catalysts Llc | DOC and particulate control system for diesel engines |
-
2004
- 2004-06-11 DE DE102004028276A patent/DE102004028276B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-06-09 AT AT05767079T patent/ATE411450T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-06-09 CN CN2005800189686A patent/CN101184909B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-06-09 ES ES05767079T patent/ES2312002T3/es active Active
- 2005-06-09 US US11/629,251 patent/US20080034741A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-06-09 EP EP05767079A patent/EP1759097B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
- 2005-06-09 DE DE502005005700T patent/DE502005005700D1/de active Active
- 2005-06-09 WO PCT/EP2005/006219 patent/WO2005121514A1/fr active Application Filing
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20080034741A1 (en) | 2008-02-14 |
ES2312002T3 (es) | 2009-02-16 |
DE502005005700D1 (de) | 2008-11-27 |
ATE411450T1 (de) | 2008-10-15 |
WO2005121514A1 (fr) | 2005-12-22 |
DE102004028276B4 (de) | 2008-08-21 |
CN101184909A (zh) | 2008-05-21 |
CN101184909B (zh) | 2010-06-23 |
DE102004028276A1 (de) | 2006-01-05 |
EP1759097A1 (fr) | 2007-03-07 |
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