Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
  • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
  • A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
  • A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
  • A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
  • A61B18/16—Indifferent or passive electrodes for grounding

Definitions

• the invention relates to a neutral electrode for HF surgery according to the preamble of claim 1 and a conductive gel according to claim 12.
• neutral electrodes care must always be taken to ensure that there is no excessive contact resistance between the skin and the electrode applied, so that excessive heating of the human tissue is prevented by a flowing HF treatment current.
• High contact resistance occurs especially in patients with extremely dry skin, in obese patients due to the high fat content of the tissue or in strong, complete contact between the electrode and skin and the like.
• U. preventive hair The hair is easy to remove by shaving. However, it is much more difficult to deal with the problems of dry skin or obese tissue.
• the usual neutral electrodes therefore have large areas that counteract high current densities. Multiple electrodes are often used to increase the effective area and thus reduce the current density.
• the invention is based on the object of developing a neutral electrode of the type mentioned at the outset such that, in particular in the case of problematic skin and / or tissue conditions, a reduction in the contact resistance is made possible in a simple and inexpensive manner, and a conductive gel for application the neutral electrode.
• This object is achieved by a neutral electrode according to claim 1 or by a conductive gel according to claim 12.
• a neutral electrode for HF surgery which comprises at least one electrically conductive section which can be brought into contact with a body section of a patient, the neutral electrode having blood flow-promoting means which increase the blood flow to at least that with the section in Contact with the standing body section.
• the object is achieved by a conductive gel for applying a neutral electrode to a body section of a patient, the conductive gel containing capsaicin or the like to promote blood circulation.
• An essential point of the invention lies in the fact that the isolating effect of the tissue surrounding the blood vessels is reduced due to the blood flow through the finest capillaries. This can be achieved by the appropriately designed neutral electrode and / or by the gel that can be applied to the neutral electrode only before it is used.
• the conductive gel which can be applied, for example, from a tube and contains the active substance which promotes blood circulation, is available for all types of electrodes.
• the at least one electrically conductive section of the neutral electrode is coated with a conductive gel. This ensures contact between the electrode and skin.
• the blood circulation-promoting agents normally comprise a substance which has a blood-circulation-promoting active substance. Since the tissue surrounding the blood vessels in principle has insulating properties, these can be counteracted by supplying the tissue with a high blood flow. With the help of the blood circulation-promoting substance, the contact resistance is lowered. This is particularly true in patients with dry skin and / or with obese subcutaneous tissue from Norteil.
• the at least one electrically conductive section of the neutral electrode is coated with the substance which has the active substance which promotes blood circulation. This ensures that exactly that for the Transition resistance relevant area of the body from the cut is increased blood flow, namely the tissue covered with the electrically conductive section.
• the conductive gel normally contains the substance which has the active substance which promotes blood circulation.
• the increased blood flow can be achieved in a particularly simple and cost-effective manner.
• the neutral electrode which can be used with the conductive gel which has already been appli- cated and which contains the substance which requires circulation is used in the same way as conventional neutral electrodes.
• the improved current conductivity between tissue and electrode can therefore be achieved without great effort, and the operating room personnel do not have to take any special or even additional measures.
• a possible realization of the neutral electrode consists in the fact that the substance containing the blood circulation-promoting active substance is contained in a carrier material surrounding the at least one electrically conductive section.
• the electrically conductive sections of the neutral electrode are often glued onto the corresponding body, the section being surrounded, for example, by self-adhesive material.
• the blood flow-promoting agent contained in the carrier material then enters the tissue covered by the neutral electrode immediately after application of the neutral electrode to the body section of the patient.
• the size of the carrier material can be adapted to the active substance requirement and, for example, has a larger area than is the case with conventional electrodes.
• the introduction of the active ingredient into the carrier material is particularly useful when neutral electrodes are not added with the conductive gel, but when the operating room staff has to provide the electrodes with the gel before they can be used directly.
• the substance containing the active ingredient cannot be removed accidentally, as can easily be the case with gel layers due to their accidental contact. This always ensures that the full active ingredient content is available.
• the blood circulation-promoting means comprise elements which supply an excitation current, that is to say e.g. B. electrically conductive sections.
• the blood circulation of the body covered by the neutral electrode from the patient's incision is accordingly carried out by stimulation current. This is particularly beneficial when patients are chemical Reacts allergically to blood circulation. Even with reusable neutral electrodes, the use of stimulation current is a simple and inexpensive means of promoting blood circulation and thus keeping the contact resistance between skin and electrode low or even reducing it.
• one of the preferred embodiments provides that the elements supplying the stimulation current are arranged in such a way that the stimulation current flows between at least two sections within the neutral electrode.
• the conventional neutral electrode can advantageously be used for the transmission of stimulation current.
• no further components are required on the neutral electrode.
• the blood circulation is promoted in the simplest and most economical way.
• the solution according to the invention provides that the elements supplying the stimulation current have separate electrical connection devices for connecting a current queue.
• the stimulation current can then advantageously be fed in independently of the high-frequency generator, for example with the aid of an additional current source.
• Carrier electrodes and additional lead wires also worked into the carrier material.
• the carrier material could, for example, have a larger area than is the case with conventional neutral electrodes.
• the stimulation current supply is then completely independent of the use of electrodes.
• the blood circulation-promoting means comprise heatable elements.
• the carrier material has, on a side facing away from the skin side, fastening means, for example snap fasteners or Velcro fasteners, for receiving a heat-storing element, for example in the form of a gel cushion.
• the blood circulation can be efficiently achieved in an extremely skin-friendly manner.
• the blood circulation-promoting means comprise elements which can be heated by direct energy supply, for example resistance or heating wires, which are incorporated into the carrier material and are provided with corresponding connection devices.
• the carrier material is preferably designed to have a larger area than is the case with a standard electrode from FaU. The heating device can be easily turned on, promoting blood circulation is easy and quick.
• FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the invention, the side facing the skin being shown;
• FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the invention, the side facing the skin being shown;
• FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment of the invention, the side facing the skin is shown;
• 4 shows a fourth embodiment of the invention, the side facing away from the skin being shown;
• 5 shows a fifth embodiment of the invention, the side facing away from the skin being shown.
• neutral electrodes 1 are shown with an equipotential ring which forms a region of electrically conductive sections 2 ".
• the present invention applies to any type of Electrode, particularly in the case of conventional electrodes without an equipotential ring, can be used.
• Section 1 shows a first embodiment of the invention with sections 2, 2 'and 2 "and corresponding connection devices 5. A side facing the skin is shown. Sections 2, 2' and 2" are here applied to a carrier material 3, wherein a substance 4 containing a blood circulation-promoting agent is applied to the electrically conductive sections 2, 2 ', 2 "of the neutral electrode 1.
• Neutral electrodes are often already produced with a conductive gel necessary for the contact between the electrode and chemical tissue, which is applied to the electrically conductive sections.
• This gel expediently additionally contains the substance 4 which contains the active substance which promotes blood circulation, so that the application of the neutral electrode 1 can be carried out without effort, in particular without any further work step for the operating personnel.
• the AppHinning of the gel containing the blood circulation-demanding substance 4 on the electrically conductive sections 2, 2 ', 2 "an optimal blood flow is guaranteed when using the electrode 1 just those body sections from a patient through which the current flows back to the neutral electrode 1
• the gel causes the electrode 1 to lie evenly on the tissue, but on the other hand it also conducts the current and thus provides a suitable contact resistance during the operation.
• the circulation-promoting substance 4 supports the gel and allows the contact resistance to drop.
• the neutral electrode 2 shows a second embodiment of the neutral electrode 1, the substance 4 containing the blood circulation-promoting active ingredient being appheated on the carrier material 3 of the neutral electrode 1 having the electrically conductive sections 2, 2 2 ".
• One of the skin is also shown here facing side.
• the active ingredient diffuses into the skin and develops its warming or circulation-promoting effect.
• FIG. 3 A third embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. 3. Displayed is a side facing the skin. In this case, an excitation current can be introduced into the human tissue covered by the neutral electrode 1, the sections 2, 2 'being provided as elements which supply excitation current.
• the embodiment shows both the conventional connection devices 5 of the sections 2, 2 ′ applied to the carrier material 3 and also additional connection devices 6.
• the stimulation current can thus be fed in via the electrically conductive sections 2, 2 'and the already existing connection devices 5 of the sections 2, 2' or else via separate connection devices 6.
• the connection devices 6 enable the current to be supplied via a current source that is independent of an HF generator. It is also possible to provide additional conductive sections (not shown) which serve to stimulate current transmission. Then additional, additional connection devices for the additional sections must be provided.
• the promotion of blood circulation by means of stimulation current is to be preferred, for example, if patients are allergic to certain active substances that require blood circulation.
• Fig. 4 shows a fourth embodiment of the neutral electrode 1, wherein a side facing away from the skin is shown.
• the carrier material 3 holding the sections 2, 2 2 "here has fastening devices 7 for fastening heatable and heat-storing elements 8, for example counterparts of snap fasteners or Velcro fasteners.
• the carrier material 3 is therefore of enlarged design in this embodiment.
• the element 8, e.g. B. a gel pad, can be applied to the electrode 1 in the warm state before the operation and so gradually release the stored heat.
• the neutral electrode 1 is complete or only partially of the elements 8 coverable. The partial cover is ideal if the view is not blocked due to the necessary optical monitoring of the contact between the electrode and the body section.
• the neutral electrode has an element 9, which can be heated by direct energy supply, with connection devices 6a.
• the skin tissue is then heated, for example, via resistance wires or heating wires 9, which are incorporated into the carrier material 3 and surround the sections 2, 2 'and 2 ".
• connection devices 1 neutral electrode 2, 2 ', 2 "electrically conductive section 3 carrier material 4 substance containing blood circulation-promoting active substance 5 connection devices 6 connection devices 6a connection devices 7 fastening device 8 heatable elements 9 heatable elements

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• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Surgery (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Biomedical Technology (AREA)
• Otolaryngology (AREA)
• Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
• Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
• Medical Informatics (AREA)
• Molecular Biology (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Electrotherapy Devices (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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• 2004
  • 2004-03-05 DE DE102004010940A patent/DE102004010940B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2005
  • 2005-02-18 US US10/598,566 patent/US7699840B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2005-02-18 JP JP2007501154A patent/JP4651660B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2005-02-18 EP EP05715403A patent/EP1727485A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2005-02-18 CN CNB2005800068978A patent/CN100522094C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2005-02-18 WO PCT/EP2005/001712 patent/WO2005087124A1/de active Application Filing

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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