EP1679282B1 - Crane with balanced jib and auxiliary jib which can be maintained vertical - Google Patents

Crane with balanced jib and auxiliary jib which can be maintained vertical Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1679282B1
EP1679282B1 EP06290005A EP06290005A EP1679282B1 EP 1679282 B1 EP1679282 B1 EP 1679282B1 EP 06290005 A EP06290005 A EP 06290005A EP 06290005 A EP06290005 A EP 06290005A EP 1679282 B1 EP1679282 B1 EP 1679282B1
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control
duct
hydraulic
valve
active position
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1679282A1 (en
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Alain Ghiretti
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SERAM
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SERAM
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/72—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a crane comprising a balanced boom comprising a main arm adapted to pivot on a turret under the control of a first hydraulic cylinder; an auxiliary arm pivotally mounted at one end of the main arm; a second hydraulic cylinder for pivoting the auxiliary arm, the second cylinder having a cylinder articulated on the main arm, a piston rod hinged to the auxiliary arm, a rod-side chamber and a bottom-side chamber; a counterweight pivotally mounted at the other end of the main arm; a third hydraulic cylinder for pivoting the counterweight, the third cylinder having a cylinder articulated on the main arm, a piston rod hinged to the counterweight, a rod-side chamber and a bottom-side chamber; a balancing line connecting the rod side chambers of the second and third cylinders; and first and second control lines connecting the bottom-side chambers of the second and third cylinders to a three-position distributor having a drawer selectively movable to an inactive position in which it closes the two
  • the crane boom of this type is designed to be automatically balanced according to its reach. Balancing, which is assured regardless of the position of the auxiliary arm, is indeed obtained through a displacement of the counterweight proportional to the displacement of the auxiliary arm, the displacement of the counterweight is of course synchro- nous with that of the auxiliary arm.
  • Balanced boom cranes can be used to lift or handle a wide variety of loads in excellent safety conditions. They can also be equipped with power units of reduced power and whose energy consumption can be lower than that of conventional crane engines.
  • the impossibility of reaching such locations is due to the fact that the auxiliary arm can not be held vertical during the pivoting of the main arm under the control of the first hydraulic cylinder.
  • the present invention proposes to provide a solution to this problem and, for this purpose, it relates to a balanced boom crane having the structure indicated in the first paragraph above and which is characterized in that it comprises a pipe connecting the ends of which are connected to the control lines, a two-position distributor mounted in the connecting line and having a slide movable between an inactive position in which it prevents the connecting line from connecting the two control lines and a position active in which it allows the connecting line to connect the two control lines, and control means for bringing the distributor slide to two positions in its active position.
  • the auxiliary arm when the main arm pivots between two different positions, the auxiliary arm remains vertical under the weight of the load to be moved because the volumes of the bottom side chambers of the second and third cylinders may vary in synchronism, one increasing while the other decreases.
  • control means comprise an electro-valve mounted in a control line supplied with hydraulic fluid under pressure by a pressure block, the hydraulic fluid contained in the control line having the slide of the two-position distributor in its active position when the solenoid valve is activated.
  • the solenoid valve is activated by actuation of a manual switch installed in the cockpit.
  • control line can be connected to the balancing line via at least one safety valve.
  • control line may advantageously comprise a non-return valve intended to prevent a circulation of fluid under pressure towards the electrovalve and the pressure block.
  • the hydraulic fluid contained in the control line can only flow in the direction from the pressure block to the balancing line when the solenoid valve is in the active position.
  • control line may comprise a first bypass line comprising a first hydraulic manipulator for bringing the distributor slide to three positions in its first active position, and a second bypass line comprising a second hydraulic manipulator for bringing the dispenser spool to three positions in its second active position.
  • the first and second branch lines each comprise a non-return valve intended to prevent a flow of pressurized fluid towards the three-position distributor and the corresponding hydraulic manipulator.
  • the crane that can be seen in the drawings comprises a support 1 whose upper end is provided with a turret 2 carrying a horizontal axis 3 on which an arrow 4 is hinged.
  • the arrow 4 comprises a main arm 5 pivotable on the horizontal axis 3 under the control of a first hydraulic cylinder 6 whose cylinder is articulated on the turret 2 and whose piston rod is articulated on the main arm 5.
  • auxiliary arm 7 and a counterweight 8 pivotally mounted on horizontal axes respectively provided at the ends of the main arm 5.
  • the auxiliary arm 7 is provided at its free end with a conventional not shown gripping tool and can pivot on the main arm under the control of a second hydraulic cylinder 9 whose cylinder is articulated on the main arm and whose rod piston is articulated on the end of the auxiliary arm 7 which does not carry the gripping tool.
  • the counterweight 8 can pivot on the main arm 5 under the control of a third hydraulic cylinder 10 whose cylinder is articulated on the main arm and whose piston rod is articulated on the counterweight, near the main arm.
  • the rod-side chambers of the second and third cylinders 9, 10 are interconnected by a balancing line 11.
  • bottom side chambers of these two cylinders form part of a hydraulic circuit comprising a hydraulic fluid reservoir 12, a pump 13, a three-position distributor 14, a first control line 15, one of whose ends is connected to the bottom side chamber of the second cylinder 9 and whose other end is connected to the reservoir 12, and a second control line 16, one end of which is connected to the bottom side chamber of the third cylinder 10 and whose another end is connected to the pump 13.
  • the three-position distributor which is mounted on the two control lines 15, 16, comprises a slide 17 which can be brought selectively into an inactive position (visible in the drawings) in which it closes the two control lines, a first position active in which it connects the bottom side chamber of the second cylinder 9 to the pump 13 and the bottom side chamber of the third cylinder 10 to the tank 12, and a second active position in which it connects the bottom side chamber of the second cylinder 9 to the tank 12 and the bottom side chamber of the third cylinder 10 at the pump 13.
  • an inactive position visible in the drawings
  • a first position active in which it connects the bottom side chamber of the second cylinder 9 to the pump 13 and the bottom side chamber of the third cylinder 10 to the tank 12
  • a second active position in which it connects the bottom side chamber of the second cylinder 9 to the tank 12 and the bottom side chamber of the third cylinder 10 at the pump 13.
  • the boom 4 of the crane which has just been described is balanced regardless of the position of the auxiliary arm 7 relative to the main arm 5.
  • the hydraulic system provided on this crane makes it possible to make the displacement of the counterweight 8 proportional to the displacement of the auxiliary arm 7 so that the boom is automatically balanced regardless of its range.
  • the crane shown in the drawings further comprises a connecting pipe 18 whose ends are connected to the control lines 15 and 16, and a two-position distributor 19 mounted on the connecting pipe 18, this distributor having a slide 20 movable between an inactive position visible on the figure 1 and wherein it prevents the connecting line 18 from connecting the two control lines 15 and 16, and an active position visible on the figures 2 and 3 and wherein it allows the connecting line 18 to connect the two control lines.
  • This crane also comprises control means 21 for bringing the drawer 20 of the distributor to two positions 19 in its active position.
  • the control means 21 comprise an electro-valve 22 mounted in a control line 23 fed with hydraulic fluid under pressure by a pressure block 24.
  • the control line 23 comprises a branch line 25 leading to the two-position distributor 19 and allowing the hydraulic fluid contained therein to bring the slide 20 into its active position when the electrovalve 22 is activated, that is, when fluid from the pressure block 24 can pass through it, as shown in FIGS. figures 2 and 3 .
  • the cab is provided for this purpose with a manual switch not shown that the crane operator must actuate to activate the solenoid valve 22.
  • the control line 23 also comprises a first branch line 26 connected to a first hydraulic manipulator 27 and a second branch line 28 connected to a second hydraulic manipulator 29.
  • the branch lines 26 and 28 are associated with the three-position distributor 14 so that the hydraulic fluid they contain moves the slide 20 into its first and second active positions respectively when the manipulators 27 and 29 are actuated.
  • Each of the branch lines 26 and 28 is provided with a non-return valve 30 for preventing a flow of pressurized fluid towards the three-position distributor 14 and the corresponding hydraulic manipulator.
  • control line 23 is connected to the balancing line 11 via two safety valves 31.
  • valves are respectively located at distances from the second and third cylinders 9, 10 which are approximately equal and open under the pressure of the hydraulic fluid contained in the control line 23 when the solenoid valve 22 is activated.
  • control line 23 comprises a non-return valve 32 mounted so as to prevent a circulation of pressurized fluid towards the electrovalve 22, this valve being located in the part of the pilot line extending between the branch line 25 and the second branch line 28.
  • the bottom side chambers of the second and third cylinders 9, 10 are thus isolated from the reservoir 12 and the pump 13.
  • the only operation to be performed by the crane operator is to operate the manual switch installed in the cockpit.
  • This switch controls the passage of the solenoid valve 22 in its active position represented on the figures 2 and 3 and in which it allows the hydraulic fluid contained in the control line 23 to move the drawer 20 of the two-position distributor 19 into its active position represented on the figures 2 and 3 .
  • the auxiliary arm 7 remains vertical under the weight of the load that it supports.
  • the vertical position of the auxiliary arm 7 is indeed made possible by a transfer of the hydraulic fluid from the bottom side chamber of the second cylinder 9 into the bottom side chamber of the third cylinder 10.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

The crane has main and auxiliary arms (5, 7) controlled by respective hydraulic actuators (6, 9). A distributor has a slide (20) displaced between inactive and active positions. The slide does not allow a connection pipe (18) to connect control pipes (15, 16) in the inactive position. The slide permits the pipe (18) to connect the pipes (15, 16) in the active position. A control unit (21) guides the slide in the active position.

Description

La présente invention concerne une grue comportant une flèche équilibrée comprenant un bras principal apte à pivoter sur une tourelle sous la commande d'un premier vérin hydraulique ; un bras auxiliaire monté pivotant à l'une des extrémités du bras principal ; un second vérin hydraulique pour faire pivoter le bras auxiliaire, le second vérin comportant un cylindre articulé sur le bras principal, une tige de piston articulée sur le bras auxiliaire, une chambre côté tige et une chambre côté fond ; un contrepoids monté pivotant à l'autre extrémité du bras principal ; un troisième vérin hydraulique pour faire pivoter le contrepoids, le troisième vérin comportant un cylindre articulé sur le bras principal, une tige de piston articulée sur le contrepoids, une chambre côté tige et une chambre côté fond ; une conduite d'équilibrage reliant les chambres côté tige des deuxième et troisième vérins ; et des première et seconde conduites de commande reliant les chambres côté fond des deuxième et troisième vérins à un distributeur à trois positions comportant un tiroir pouvant être amené sélectivement dans une position inactive dans laquelle il obture les deux conduites de commande, une première position active dans laquelle il relie la première conduite de commande à une source de fluide hydraulique sous pression et la seconde conduite de commande à un réservoir de fluide hydraulique ou une seconde position active dans laquelle il relie la seconde conduite de commande à la source de fluide et la première conduite de commande au réservoir. FR 2 837 808 divulgue une telle grue.The present invention relates to a crane comprising a balanced boom comprising a main arm adapted to pivot on a turret under the control of a first hydraulic cylinder; an auxiliary arm pivotally mounted at one end of the main arm; a second hydraulic cylinder for pivoting the auxiliary arm, the second cylinder having a cylinder articulated on the main arm, a piston rod hinged to the auxiliary arm, a rod-side chamber and a bottom-side chamber; a counterweight pivotally mounted at the other end of the main arm; a third hydraulic cylinder for pivoting the counterweight, the third cylinder having a cylinder articulated on the main arm, a piston rod hinged to the counterweight, a rod-side chamber and a bottom-side chamber; a balancing line connecting the rod side chambers of the second and third cylinders; and first and second control lines connecting the bottom-side chambers of the second and third cylinders to a three-position distributor having a drawer selectively movable to an inactive position in which it closes the two control lines, a first active position in which it connects the first control line to a source of hydraulic fluid under pressure and the second control line to a hydraulic fluid reservoir or a second active position in which it connects the second control line to the fluid source and the first control line to the tank. FR 2,837,808 discloses such a crane.

La flèche des grues de ce type est conçue pour être automatiquement équilibrée en fonction de sa portée. Son équilibrage, qui est assuré quelle que soit la position du bras auxiliaire, est en effet obtenu grâce à un déplacement du contrepoids proportionnel au déplacement du bras auxiliaire, le déplacement du contrepoids étant bien entendu synchrome avec celui du bras auxiliaire.The crane boom of this type is designed to be automatically balanced according to its reach. Balancing, which is assured regardless of the position of the auxiliary arm, is indeed obtained through a displacement of the counterweight proportional to the displacement of the auxiliary arm, the displacement of the counterweight is of course synchro- nous with that of the auxiliary arm.

Les grues à flèche équilibrée peuvent être utilisées pour lever ou manutentionner des charges très diverses dans d'excellentes conditions de sécurité. Elles peuvent en outre être équipées d'organes moteurs de puissance réduite et dont la consommation en énergie peut être inférieure à celle des moteurs des grues classiques.Balanced boom cranes can be used to lift or handle a wide variety of loads in excellent safety conditions. They can also be equipped with power units of reduced power and whose energy consumption can be lower than that of conventional crane engines.

Lorsque les grues à flèche équilibrée sont utilisées pour réaliser des opérations à des emplacements présentant entre eux des différences de niveaux très importantes, comme par exemple lors de travaux de dragage fluvial ou maritime et d'opérations de chargement et de déchargement portuaires, leur outil ne peut toutefois atteindre des emplacements situés au dessous d'un niveau inférieur prédéterminé.When balanced boom cranes are used to perform operations at locations with very large differences in level between them, for example during river or sea dredging and loading operations and unloading port, their tool can however reach locations below a predetermined lower level.

L'impossibilité d'atteindre de tels emplacements est dû au fait que le bras auxiliaire ne peut être maintenu vertical pendant le pivotement du bras principal sous la commande du premier vérin hydraulique.The impossibility of reaching such locations is due to the fact that the auxiliary arm can not be held vertical during the pivoting of the main arm under the control of the first hydraulic cylinder.

La présente invention se propose d'apporter une solution à ce problème et, pour ce faire, elle a pour objet une grue à flèche équilibrée ayant la structure indiquée au premier paragraphe ci-dessus et qui est caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte une conduite de liaison dont les extrémités sont reliées aux conduites de commande, un distributeur à deux positions monté dans la conduite de liaison et comportant un tiroir déplaçable entre une position inactive dans laquelle il empêche la conduite de liaison de relier les deux conduites de commande et une position active dans laquelle il permet à la conduite de liaison de relier les deux conduites de commande, et des moyens de commande pour amener le tiroir du distributeur à deux positions dans sa position active.The present invention proposes to provide a solution to this problem and, for this purpose, it relates to a balanced boom crane having the structure indicated in the first paragraph above and which is characterized in that it comprises a pipe connecting the ends of which are connected to the control lines, a two-position distributor mounted in the connecting line and having a slide movable between an inactive position in which it prevents the connecting line from connecting the two control lines and a position active in which it allows the connecting line to connect the two control lines, and control means for bringing the distributor slide to two positions in its active position.

Pendant le pivotement du bras principal sous la commande du premier vérin, lorsque le tiroir du distributeur à trois positions est dans sa position inactive et que le tiroir du distributeur à deux positions est en position active, il n'y a pas d'apport de fluide hydraulique dans les première et seconde conduites de commande, mais une circulation de fluide hydraulique entre les chambres côté fond des deuxième et troisième vérins.During pivoting of the main arm under the control of the first cylinder, when the three-position valve spool is in its inactive position and the two-position spool valve is in the active position, there is no supply of hydraulic fluid in the first and second control lines, but a flow of hydraulic fluid between the bottom side chambers of the second and third cylinders.

Ainsi, quand le bras principal pivote entre deux positions différentes, le bras auxiliaire demeure vertical sous le poids de la charge à déplacer car les volumes des chambres côté fond des deuxième et troisième vérins peuvent varier en synchronisme, l'un augmentant pendant que l'autre diminue.Thus, when the main arm pivots between two different positions, the auxiliary arm remains vertical under the weight of the load to be moved because the volumes of the bottom side chambers of the second and third cylinders may vary in synchronism, one increasing while the other decreases.

On notera ici que la circulation du fluide hydraulique entre les chambres côté fond est rendue possible grâce à la conduite d'équilibrage qui permet une circulation de fluide entre les chambres côté tige des deuxième et troisième vérins.It will be noted here that the circulation of the hydraulic fluid between the bottom side chambers is made possible thanks to the balancing pipe which allows a fluid flow between the rod side chambers of the second and third cylinders.

De préférence, les moyens de commande comprennent une électro-valve montée dans une ligne de pilotage alimentée en fluide hydraulique sous pression par un bloc de pression, le fluide hydraulique contenu dans la ligne de pilotage disposant le tiroir du distributeur à deux positions dans sa position active lorsque l'électro-valve est activée.Preferably, the control means comprise an electro-valve mounted in a control line supplied with hydraulic fluid under pressure by a pressure block, the hydraulic fluid contained in the control line having the slide of the two-position distributor in its active position when the solenoid valve is activated.

On conçoit aisément que ces moyens de commande sont faciles à installer et qu'ils fonctionnent en toute sécurité.It is easy to see that these control means are easy to install and operate safely.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, l'électro-valve est activée par actionnement d'un contacteur manuel installé dans la cabine de pilotage.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the solenoid valve is activated by actuation of a manual switch installed in the cockpit.

Il suffit ainsi que le grutier actionne ce contacteur manuel depuis la cabine pour que le bras auxiliaire demeure vertical pendant le fonctionnement de la grue.It is sufficient that the operator cranks this manual switch from the cab so that the auxiliary arm remains vertical during operation of the crane.

Selon une caractéristique particulière de l'invention, la ligne de pilotage peut être reliée à la conduite d'équilibrage par l'intermédiaire d'au moins un clapet de sécurité.According to a particular characteristic of the invention, the control line can be connected to the balancing line via at least one safety valve.

Par ailleurs, la ligne de pilotage peut avantageusement comporter un clapet anti-retour destiné à empêcher une circulation de fluide sous pression en direction de l'électro-valve et du bloc de pression.Furthermore, the control line may advantageously comprise a non-return valve intended to prevent a circulation of fluid under pressure towards the electrovalve and the pressure block.

Grâce à ce clapet anti-retour, le fluide hydraulique contenu dans la ligne de pilotage ne peut donc circuler que dans le sens allant du bloc de pression vers la ligne d'équilibrage lorsque l'électro-valve est en position active.Thanks to this non-return valve, the hydraulic fluid contained in the control line can only flow in the direction from the pressure block to the balancing line when the solenoid valve is in the active position.

Selon un mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention, la ligne de pilotage peut comprendre une première ligne de dérivation comprenant un premier manipulateur hydraulique pour amener le tiroir du distributeur à trois positions dans sa première position active, et une seconde ligne de dérivation comprenant un second manipulateur hydraulique pour amener le tiroir du distributeur à trois positions dans sa seconde position active.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the control line may comprise a first bypass line comprising a first hydraulic manipulator for bringing the distributor slide to three positions in its first active position, and a second bypass line comprising a second hydraulic manipulator for bringing the dispenser spool to three positions in its second active position.

Lorsque le grutier actionne l'un des manipulateurs hydrauliques alors que l'électro-valve est toujours en position active, l'équilibrage de la flèche est assuré de façon classique puisque le clapet anti-retour empêche le fluide hydraulique contenu dans la ligne de pilotage de retourner vers le bloc de pression.When the operator cranks one of the hydraulic manipulators while the solenoid valve is still in the active position, the balance of the boom is ensured in a conventional manner since the check valve prevents the hydraulic fluid contained in the steering line. to return to the pressure block.

De préférence, les première et seconde lignes de dérivation comprennent chacune un clapet anti-retour destiné à empêcher une circulation de fluide sous pression en direction du distributeur à trois positions et du manipulateur hydraulique correspondant.Preferably, the first and second branch lines each comprise a non-return valve intended to prevent a flow of pressurized fluid towards the three-position distributor and the corresponding hydraulic manipulator.

Grâce à ces clapets anti-retour, la pression régnant dans la ligne de pilotage ne risque donc pas d'amener intempestivement le tiroir du distributeur à trois positions dans l'une ou l'autre de ses positions actives.Thanks to these check valves, the pressure prevailing in the control line is not likely to cause unwanted Dispenser drawer with three positions in one of its active positions.

Un mode d'exécution de la présente invention sera décrit ci-après à titre d'exemple nullement limitatif en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est un dessin schématique de la grue et de son circuit hydraulique, les distributeurs à deux et à trois positions étant dans leur position inactive alors que le bras principal est horizontal et que le bras auxiliaire est vertical ;
  • la figure 2 est un dessin qui diffère de celui de la figure 1 en ce que le distributeur à deux positions est dans sa position active tandis que le bras principal est incliné vers le bas, le bras auxiliaire étant vertical ; et
  • la figure 3 est un dessin qui diffère de celui de la figure 1 en ce que le distributeur à deux positions est dans sa position active tandis que le bras principal est incliné vers le haut, le bras auxiliaire étant vertical.
An embodiment of the present invention will be described hereinafter by way of non-limiting example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
  • the figure 1 is a schematic drawing of the crane and its hydraulic circuit, the two and three position valves being in their inactive position while the main arm is horizontal and the auxiliary arm is vertical;
  • the figure 2 is a drawing that differs from that of the figure 1 in that the two-position distributor is in its active position while the main arm is inclined downward, the auxiliary arm being vertical; and
  • the figure 3 is a drawing that differs from that of the figure 1 in that the two-position distributor is in its active position while the main arm is inclined upwards, the auxiliary arm being vertical.

La grue que l'on peut voir sur les dessins comprend un support 1 dont l'extrémité supérieure est pourvue d'une tourelle 2 portant un axe horizontal 3 sur lequel une flèche 4 est articulée.The crane that can be seen in the drawings comprises a support 1 whose upper end is provided with a turret 2 carrying a horizontal axis 3 on which an arrow 4 is hinged.

La flèche 4 comprend un bras principal 5 pouvant pivoter sur l'axe horizontal 3 sous la commande d'un premier vérin hydraulique 6 dont le cylindre est articulé sur la tourelle 2 et dont la tige de piston est articulée sur le bras principal 5.The arrow 4 comprises a main arm 5 pivotable on the horizontal axis 3 under the control of a first hydraulic cylinder 6 whose cylinder is articulated on the turret 2 and whose piston rod is articulated on the main arm 5.

Elle comprend également un bras auxiliaire 7 et un contrepoids 8 montés pivotants sur des axes horizontaux respectivement prévus aux extrémités du bras principal 5.It also comprises an auxiliary arm 7 and a counterweight 8 pivotally mounted on horizontal axes respectively provided at the ends of the main arm 5.

Le bras auxiliaire 7 est pourvu à son extrémité libre d'un outil de préhension conventionnel non représenté et peut pivoter sur le bras principal sous la commande d'un deuxième vérin hydraulique 9 dont le cylindre est articulé sur le bras principal et dont la tige de piston est articulée sur l'extrémité du bras auxiliaire 7 qui ne porte pas l'outil de préhension.The auxiliary arm 7 is provided at its free end with a conventional not shown gripping tool and can pivot on the main arm under the control of a second hydraulic cylinder 9 whose cylinder is articulated on the main arm and whose rod piston is articulated on the end of the auxiliary arm 7 which does not carry the gripping tool.

De même, le contrepoids 8 peut pivoter sur le bras principal 5 sous la commande d'un troisième vérin hydraulique 10 dont le cylindre est articulé sur le bras principal et dont la tige de piston est articulée sur le contrepoids, à proximité du bras principal.Similarly, the counterweight 8 can pivot on the main arm 5 under the control of a third hydraulic cylinder 10 whose cylinder is articulated on the main arm and whose piston rod is articulated on the counterweight, near the main arm.

Les chambres côté tige des deuxième et troisième vérins 9, 10 sont reliées entre elles par une conduite d'équilibrage 11.The rod-side chambers of the second and third cylinders 9, 10 are interconnected by a balancing line 11.

Quant aux chambres côté fond de ces deux vérins, elles font partie d'un circuit hydraulique comprenant un réservoir de fluide hydraulique 12, une pompe 13, un distributeur à trois positions 14, une première conduite de commande 15 dont l'une des extrémités est reliée à la chambre côté fond du deuxième vérin 9 et dont l'autre extrémité est reliée au réservoir 12, et une seconde conduite de commande 16 dont l'une des extrémités est reliée à la chambre côté fond du troisième vérin 10 et dont l'autre extrémité est reliée à la pompe 13.As for the bottom side chambers of these two cylinders, they form part of a hydraulic circuit comprising a hydraulic fluid reservoir 12, a pump 13, a three-position distributor 14, a first control line 15, one of whose ends is connected to the bottom side chamber of the second cylinder 9 and whose other end is connected to the reservoir 12, and a second control line 16, one end of which is connected to the bottom side chamber of the third cylinder 10 and whose another end is connected to the pump 13.

Le distributeur à trois positions, qui est monté sur les deux conduites de commande 15, 16, comporte un tiroir 17 pouvant être amené sélectivement dans une position inactive (visible sur les dessins) dans laquelle il obture les deux conduites de commande, une première position active dans laquelle il relie la chambre côté fond du deuxième vérin 9 à la pompe 13 et la chambre côté fond du troisième vérin 10 au réservoir 12, et une seconde position active dans laquelle il relie la chambre côté fond du deuxième vérin 9 au réservoir 12 et la chambre côté fond du troisième vérin 10 à la pompe 13.The three-position distributor, which is mounted on the two control lines 15, 16, comprises a slide 17 which can be brought selectively into an inactive position (visible in the drawings) in which it closes the two control lines, a first position active in which it connects the bottom side chamber of the second cylinder 9 to the pump 13 and the bottom side chamber of the third cylinder 10 to the tank 12, and a second active position in which it connects the bottom side chamber of the second cylinder 9 to the tank 12 and the bottom side chamber of the third cylinder 10 at the pump 13.

La flèche 4 de la grue qui vient d'être décrite est équilibrée quelle que soit la position du bras auxiliaire 7 par rapport au bras principal 5.The boom 4 of the crane which has just been described is balanced regardless of the position of the auxiliary arm 7 relative to the main arm 5.

Le système hydraulique prévu sur cette grue permet en effet de rendre le déplacement du contrepoids 8 proportionnel au déplacement du bras auxiliaire 7 pour que la flèche soit équilibrée automatiquement quelle que soit sa portée.The hydraulic system provided on this crane makes it possible to make the displacement of the counterweight 8 proportional to the displacement of the auxiliary arm 7 so that the boom is automatically balanced regardless of its range.

Conformément à l'invention, la grue représentée sur les dessins comporte en outre une conduite de liaison 18 dont les extrémités sont reliées aux conduites de commande 15 et 16, et un distributeur à deux positions 19 monté sur la conduite de liaison 18, ce distributeur comportant un tiroir 20 déplaçable entre une position inactive visible sur la figure 1 et dans laquelle il empêche la conduite de liaison 18 de relier les deux conduites de commande 15 et 16, et une position active visible sur les figures 2 et 3 et dans laquelle il permet à la conduite de liaison 18 de relier les deux conduites de commande.According to the invention, the crane shown in the drawings further comprises a connecting pipe 18 whose ends are connected to the control lines 15 and 16, and a two-position distributor 19 mounted on the connecting pipe 18, this distributor having a slide 20 movable between an inactive position visible on the figure 1 and wherein it prevents the connecting line 18 from connecting the two control lines 15 and 16, and an active position visible on the figures 2 and 3 and wherein it allows the connecting line 18 to connect the two control lines.

Cette grue comporte également des moyens de commande 21 pour amener le tiroir 20 du distributeur à deux positions 19 dans sa position active.This crane also comprises control means 21 for bringing the drawer 20 of the distributor to two positions 19 in its active position.

Les moyens de commande 21 comprennent une électro-valve 22 montée dans une ligne de pilotage 23 alimentée en fluide hydraulique sous pression par un bloc de pression 24.The control means 21 comprise an electro-valve 22 mounted in a control line 23 fed with hydraulic fluid under pressure by a pressure block 24.

La ligne de pilotage 23 comprend une ligne d'embranchement 25 aboutissant au distributeur à deux positions 19 et permettant au fluide hydraulique qu'elle contient d'amener le tiroir 20 dans sa position active lorsque l'électro-valve 22 est activée, c'est-à-dire lorsque du fluide provenant du bloc de pression 24 peut la traverser, comme représenté sur les figures 2 et 3.The control line 23 comprises a branch line 25 leading to the two-position distributor 19 and allowing the hydraulic fluid contained therein to bring the slide 20 into its active position when the electrovalve 22 is activated, that is, when fluid from the pressure block 24 can pass through it, as shown in FIGS. figures 2 and 3 .

On précisera ici que l'activation de l'électro-valve 22 est assurée à partir de la cabine de pilotage de la grue qui est habituellement montée sur la tourelle 2 mais qui n'est pas représentée sur les dessins pour des raisons de simplification et de clarté.It will be specified here that activation of the solenoid valve 22 is ensured from the driver's cabin of the crane which is usually mounted on the turret 2 but which is not shown in the drawings for reasons of simplification and clarity.

La cabine est pourvue à cet effet d'un contacteur manuel non représenté que le grutier doit actionner pour activer l'électro-valve 22.The cab is provided for this purpose with a manual switch not shown that the crane operator must actuate to activate the solenoid valve 22.

Si le grutier souhaite désactiver l'électro-valve, et par conséquent ramener celle-ci dans son état représenté sur la figure 1, il doit à nouveau actionner le contacteur manuel.If the crane operator wishes to deactivate the solenoid valve, and consequently bring it back to its state represented on the figure 1 , he must again operate the manual switch.

La ligne de pilotage 23 comprend par ailleurs une première ligne de dérivation 26 reliée à un premier manipulateur hydraulique 27 et une seconde ligne de dérivation 28 reliée à un second manipulateur hydraulique 29.The control line 23 also comprises a first branch line 26 connected to a first hydraulic manipulator 27 and a second branch line 28 connected to a second hydraulic manipulator 29.

Les lignes de dérivation 26 et 28 sont associées au distributeur à trois positions 14 de façon que le fluide hydraulique qu'elles contiennent déplace le tiroir 20 dans ses première et seconde positions actives respectivement lorsque les manipulateurs 27 et 29 sont actionnés.The branch lines 26 and 28 are associated with the three-position distributor 14 so that the hydraulic fluid they contain moves the slide 20 into its first and second active positions respectively when the manipulators 27 and 29 are actuated.

Chacune des lignes de dérivation 26 et 28 est pourvue d'un clapet anti-retour 30 destiné à empêcher une circulation de fluide sous pression en direction du distributeur à trois positions 14 et du manipulateur hydraulique correspondant.Each of the branch lines 26 and 28 is provided with a non-return valve 30 for preventing a flow of pressurized fluid towards the three-position distributor 14 and the corresponding hydraulic manipulator.

Par ailleurs, la ligne de pilotage 23 est reliée à la conduite d'équilibrage 11 par l'intermédiaire de deux clapets de sécurité 31.Furthermore, the control line 23 is connected to the balancing line 11 via two safety valves 31.

Ces clapets sont respectivement situés à des distances des deuxième et troisième vérins 9, 10 qui sont approximativement égales et s'ouvrent sous la pression du fluide hydraulique contenu dans la ligne de pilotage 23 lorsque l'électro-valve 22 est activée.These valves are respectively located at distances from the second and third cylinders 9, 10 which are approximately equal and open under the pressure of the hydraulic fluid contained in the control line 23 when the solenoid valve 22 is activated.

Enfin, la ligne de pilotage 23 comporte un clapet anti-retour 32 monté de façon à empêcher une circulation de fluide sous pression en direction de l'électro-valve 22, ce clapet étant situé dans la partie de la ligne de pilotage s'étendant entre la ligne d'embranchement 25 et la seconde ligne de dérivation 28.Finally, the control line 23 comprises a non-return valve 32 mounted so as to prevent a circulation of pressurized fluid towards the electrovalve 22, this valve being located in the part of the pilot line extending between the branch line 25 and the second branch line 28.

Lorsque le grutier souhaite que le bras auxiliaire 7 soit vertical pendant l'utilisation de la grue dans des endroits présentant d'importantes différences de niveau entre eux, il doit laisser les manipulateurs hydrauliques 27 et 29 inactifs afin que le tiroir 17 du distributeur à trois positions demeure dans sa position inactive représentée sur la figure 1.When the crane operator wants the auxiliary arm 7 to be vertical during the use of the crane in places with significant differences in level between them, it must leave the hydraulic manipulators 27 and 29 inactive so that the drawer 17 of the distributor to three positions remains in its inactive position represented on the figure 1 .

Les chambres côté fond des second et troisième vérins 9, 10 sont donc isolées du réservoir 12 et de la pompe 13.The bottom side chambers of the second and third cylinders 9, 10 are thus isolated from the reservoir 12 and the pump 13.

La seule opération que doit effectuer le grutier consiste à actionner le contacteur manuel installé dans la cabine de pilotage.The only operation to be performed by the crane operator is to operate the manual switch installed in the cockpit.

L'actionnement de ce contacteur commande le passage de l'électro-valve 22 dans sa position active représentée sur les figures 2 et 3 et dans laquelle elle permet au fluide hydraulique contenu dans la ligne de pilotage 23 de déplacer le tiroir 20 du distributeur à deux positions 19 dans sa position active représentée sur les figures 2 et 3.The actuation of this switch controls the passage of the solenoid valve 22 in its active position represented on the figures 2 and 3 and in which it allows the hydraulic fluid contained in the control line 23 to move the drawer 20 of the two-position distributor 19 into its active position represented on the figures 2 and 3 .

Dans cette position du tiroir 20, une circulation du fluide hydraulique peut donc s'établir entre les chambres côté fond des deuxième et troisième vérins 9 et 10.In this position of the slide 20, a circulation of the hydraulic fluid can thus be established between the bottom side chambers of the second and third cylinders 9 and 10.

Ainsi, quand le premier vérin 6 fait pivoter le bras principal 5 de la position inclinée vers le bas représentée sur la figure 2 à la position inclinée vers le haut représentée sur la figure 3, le bras auxiliaire 7 demeure vertical sous le poids de la charge qu'il supporte. Le maintien en position verticale du bras auxiliaire 7 est en effet rendu possible grâce à un transfert du fluide hydraulique de la chambre côté fond du deuxième vérin 9 dans la chambre côté fond du troisième vérin 10.Thus, when the first jack 6 rotates the main arm 5 of the downwardly inclined position shown in FIG. figure 2 at the upward sloping position shown on the figure 3 , the auxiliary arm 7 remains vertical under the weight of the load that it supports. The vertical position of the auxiliary arm 7 is indeed made possible by a transfer of the hydraulic fluid from the bottom side chamber of the second cylinder 9 into the bottom side chamber of the third cylinder 10.

On conçoit aisément que ce transfert peut avoir lieu parce que la conduite d'équilibrage 11 autorise une circulation du fluide hydraulique de la chambre côté tige du troisième vérin 10 dans la chambre côté tige du deuxième vérin 9.It is easy to imagine that this transfer can take place because the balancing pipe 11 allows a circulation of the fluid hydraulic chamber of the rod side of the third cylinder 10 in the rod side chamber of the second cylinder 9.

Quand le premier vérin 6 fait pivoter le bras principal 5 de la position inclinée vers le haut représentée sur la figure 3 à la position inclinée vers le bas représentée sur la figure 2, le bras auxiliaire 7 reste encore vertical sous le poids de la charge, un transfert de fluide pouvant s'établir de la chambre côté fond du troisième vérin 10 dans la chambre côté fond du deuxième vérin.When the first jack 6 rotates the main arm 5 of the upwardly inclined position shown in FIG. figure 3 at the downward sloping position shown on the figure 2 , the auxiliary arm 7 remains vertical under the weight of the load, a fluid transfer can be established from the bottom side of the third chamber 10 in the bottom side chamber of the second cylinder.

Si maintenant le grutier actionne l'un des manipulateurs hydrauliques 27 et 28 alors que l'électro-valve 22 est toujours activée, la montée en pression de la ligne de dérivation correspondante 26 ou 28 permet le rétablissement du fonctionnement normal du bras auxiliaire 7 et du contrepoids 8, le clapet anti-retour 32 de la ligne de pilotage 23 empêchant le transfert dans celle-ci de la pression régnant dans la ligne de dérivation correspondante.If now the operator cranks one of the hydraulic manipulators 27 and 28 while the solenoid valve 22 is still activated, the rise in pressure of the corresponding branch line 26 or 28 allows the restoration of the normal operation of the auxiliary arm 7 and counterweight 8, the nonreturn valve 32 of the control line 23 preventing the transfer therein of the pressure in the corresponding branch line.

Bien entendu, lorsque le grutier souhaite utiliser la grue dans des conditions de fonctionnement normal, c'est-à-dire avec une flèche équilibrée, il suffit qu'il agisse sur le contact manuel installé dans la cabine de pilotage pour désactiver l'électro-valve 22.Of course, when the crane operator wishes to use the crane in normal operating conditions, that is to say with a balanced arrow, it is sufficient that it acts on the manual contact installed in the cockpit to disable the electro -valve 22.

Claims (7)

  1. Crane comprising a balanced jib (4), comprising a main arm (5) capable of pivoting on a tower (2) under the control of a first hydraulic jack (6); an auxiliary arm (7) mounted so as to pivot at one of the ends of the main arm; a second hydraulic jack (9) in order to pivot the auxiliary arm, the second jack comprising a cylinder articulated on the main arm (5), a piston rod articulated on the auxiliary arm, a rod-side chamber and a bottom-side chamber; a counterweight (8) mounted so as to pivot at the other end of the main arm (5); a third hydraulic jack (10) in order to pivot the counterweight, the third jack comprising a cylinder articulated on the main arm, a piston rod articulated on the counterweight, a rod-side chamber and a bottom-side chamber; a balancing duct (11) connecting the rod-side chambers of the second and third jacks (9, 10); and first and second control ducts (15, 16) connecting the bottom-side chambers of the second and third jacks to a three-position directional flow valve (14) comprising a spool (17) that can be brought selectively into an inactive position in which it closes the two control ducts (15, 16), a first active position in which it connects the first control duct (15) to a source of pressurized hydraulic fluid (13) and the second control duct (16) to a reservoir of hydraulic fluid (12), or a second active position in which it connects the second control duct (16) to the source of fluid (13) and the first control duct (15) to the reservoir (12);
    characterized in that it comprises a connecting duct (18) the ends of which are connected to the control ducts (15, 16), a two-position directional flow valve (19) mounted in the connecting duct and comprising a spool (20) that can be moved between an inactive position in which it prevents the connecting duct from connecting the two control ducts and an active position in which it allows the connecting duct to connect the two control ducts, and control means (21) for bringing the spool (20) of the two-position directional flow valve (19) into its active position.
  2. Crane according to Claim 1, characterized in that the control means (21) comprise a solenoid valve (22) mounted in a control line (23) supplied with pressurized hydraulic fluid by a pressure unit (24), the hydraulic fluid contained in the control line (23) replacing the spool (20) of the two-position directional flow valve (19) in its active position when the solenoid valve (22) is activated.
  3. Crane according to Claim 2, comprising a control cabin and characterized in that the solenoid valve (22) is activated by actuation of a manual contactor installed in the control cabin.
  4. Crane according to Claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the control line (23) is connected to the balancing duct (11) by means of at least one safety valve (31).
  5. Crane according to Claim 4, characterized in that the control line (23) comprises a non-return valve (32) designed to prevent circulation of pressurized fluid towards the solenoid valve (22) and the pressure unit (24).
  6. Crane according to any one of Claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the control line (23) comprises a first branch line (26) comprising a first hydraulic manipulator (27) in order to bring the spool (17) of the three-position directional flow valve (14) into its first active position, and a second branch line (28) comprising a second hydraulic manipulator (29) for bringing the spool (17) of the three-position directional flow valve (14) into its second active position.
  7. Crane according to Claim 6, characterized in that the first and second branch lines (26, 28) each comprise a non-return valve (30) designed to prevent circulation of pressurized fluid towards the three-position directional flow valve (14) and the corresponding hydraulic manipulator.
EP06290005A 2005-01-05 2006-01-03 Crane with balanced jib and auxiliary jib which can be maintained vertical Active EP1679282B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0500080A FR2880337B1 (en) 2005-01-05 2005-01-05 ARROW CRANE WITH AUXILIARY ARM MAY BE VERTICAL MAINTAINED

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1679282A1 EP1679282A1 (en) 2006-07-12
EP1679282B1 true EP1679282B1 (en) 2012-04-18

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ID=34953431

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EP06290005A Active EP1679282B1 (en) 2005-01-05 2006-01-03 Crane with balanced jib and auxiliary jib which can be maintained vertical

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EP (1) EP1679282B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE554044T1 (en)
DK (1) DK1679282T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2388343T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2880337B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2918420B1 (en) 2007-07-02 2017-07-07 Serameca WIND TURBINE WITH FOLDING MAT
ES2444315B1 (en) * 2012-07-24 2014-12-03 Alfredo Vallés Navarro Shooting crane balance weights device

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2536733B1 (en) * 1982-11-26 1986-03-07 Mongon Systemes CRANE BOOM WITH VARIABLE RANGE, WITH AUTOMATIC BALANCING DEVICE
FR2837808B1 (en) * 2002-03-28 2004-10-29 Sms Synergie Man Systeme SYSTEM FOR SUPPLYING OIL IN THE BALANCING LINE OF A CRANE BOOM WITH VARIABLE RANGE

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2388343T3 (en) 2012-10-11
DK1679282T3 (en) 2012-07-30
EP1679282A1 (en) 2006-07-12
FR2880337A1 (en) 2006-07-07
FR2880337B1 (en) 2007-04-06
ATE554044T1 (en) 2012-05-15

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