EP1621808B1 - Method and apparatus for handling and distributing liquefied gas bottles - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for handling and distributing liquefied gas bottles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1621808B1
EP1621808B1 EP05076771A EP05076771A EP1621808B1 EP 1621808 B1 EP1621808 B1 EP 1621808B1 EP 05076771 A EP05076771 A EP 05076771A EP 05076771 A EP05076771 A EP 05076771A EP 1621808 B1 EP1621808 B1 EP 1621808B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
floor
canister
cylinders
barrier
frame
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP05076771A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1621808A3 (en
EP1621808A2 (en
Inventor
Andre Duclos
Pierre Frecon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Butagaz SAS
Original Assignee
Butagaz SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Butagaz SAS filed Critical Butagaz SAS
Priority to PL05076771T priority Critical patent/PL1621808T3/en
Publication of EP1621808A2 publication Critical patent/EP1621808A2/en
Publication of EP1621808A3 publication Critical patent/EP1621808A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1621808B1 publication Critical patent/EP1621808B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/08—Mounting arrangements for vessels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/02—Large containers rigid
    • B65D88/12—Large containers rigid specially adapted for transport
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/02—Large containers rigid
    • B65D88/12—Large containers rigid specially adapted for transport
    • B65D88/127—Large containers rigid specially adapted for transport open-sided container, i.e. having substantially the whole side free to provide access, with or without closures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/0033—Lifting means forming part of the container
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/42—Gripping members engaging only the external or internal surfaces of the articles
    • B66C1/44—Gripping members engaging only the external or internal surfaces of the articles and applying frictional forces
    • B66C1/445—Gripping members engaging only the external or internal surfaces of the articles and applying frictional forces motor actuated
    • B66C1/447—Gripping members engaging only the external or internal surfaces of the articles and applying frictional forces motor actuated by hydraulic or pneumatic motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/02—Large containers rigid
    • B65D88/022—Large containers rigid in multiple arrangement, e.g. stackable, nestable, connected or joined together side-by-side
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0103—Exterior arrangements
    • F17C2205/0107—Frames

Definitions

  • Such a method is already known, for example by FR 2762299 , regarded as the closest prior art, and widely used in an embodiment according to which a standardized rack acting as a cartridge, capable of receiving for example five rows juxtaposed juxtaposed seven bottles mutually juxtaposed, is loaded in full bottles on a centralized site, which can be a filling site or an intermediate storage site for full bottles.
  • a centralized site which can be a filling site or an intermediate storage site for full bottles.
  • first and second barriers side of the bin corresponding to the sides of the floor oriented perpendicular to the rows, that is to say the short sides of the floor, are movable so as to be brought from a peripheral position of the bottles to a position of release bottles, then brought back to their position of peripheral confinement of the bottles.
  • the bin is loaded on the tray of a truck, usually in several copies mutually juxtaposed and mutually superimposed, in an orientation in which each of the movable barriers, in the closed position of the bottles, is turned towards one of the sides of the truck.
  • the truck After he has finished his tour, the truck, each of which is then generally loaded with five rows of seven empty bottles in the example above, returns to the centralized site, where the bins loaded with empty bottles are unloaded from the truck. and routed to a generally automatic installation where, after having replaced one or each of the aforementioned movable barriers in the bottle release position, the empty bottles are pushed out of the rack by a sliding movement on the floor thereof, in a direction parallel to the rows, then we introduce new full bottles in the locker by a similar movement, before replacing the or each movable barrier in peripheral position of the bottles and reload each locker on the tray of a truck for a new delivery tour on marketing sites.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy these drawbacks and, to this end, the present invention proposes a method which, while taking up the aforementioned steps, is characterized both in that the step is implemented. by making the number of rows less than the number of bottles per row and in that step c is carried out by discharging from the vehicle bed at least one copy of a first cartridge, containing said first determined number of full bottles, and then moving a first lateral barrier of the first cartridge, oriented parallel to said rows, from a position of peripheral confinement of the bottles to a bottle release position.
  • the invention relates to a.
  • a cartridge having the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped comprising a rectangular floor, of plan dimensions corresponding to a first determined number of mutually identical bottles standing, distributed in a second predetermined number of rows, mutually juxtaposed, of the same third determined number of bottles, mutually juxtaposed, and four lateral barriers which border the floor by a respective side thereof, and a first can be placed at will in a position of peripheral confinement of bottles or in a bottle release position, characterized in that the dimensions of the floor, in plan, correspond to a number of rows less than the number of bottles per row and in that the first barrier is oriented parallel to said rows .
  • step c is not generally limited to unloading from the vehicle tray at least one copy of a first cartridge filled with full bottles, but rather it consists of in a substitution of a first cartridge for the or each second cartridge, so that the vehicle delivering the full bottle cartridges on the marketing sites also ensures the return of cartridges containing empty bottles to the centralized site, on which one will reline these cartridges in full bottles before a new delivery round.
  • step c is also loaded on the vehicle tray at least one copy of a second cartridge, unloaded on the marketing site during a previous implementation of the process and containing said first defined number of mutually identical bottles, at least some of which are empty, after moving the corresponding first barrier from the bottle release position to the peripheral enclosing position of the bottles.
  • the invention also relates to a.
  • the driver once arrived at a marketing site, the driver does not have to unload one by one the full bottles to reload one by one the empty bottles, but it unloads from the tray of the truck a cartridge full of bottles to replace it with a full cartridge of bottles, which are preferably all empty or, at a minimum, are empty for the most part, it being understood that the frequency of deliveries at each marketing site can easily be adapted to the needs of so that the number of full bottles thus possibly present in the cartridges refilled on the tray of the truck is as low as possible.
  • step a is implemented by storing the bottles standing, standing, two rows parallel to said first barrier, in which case the dimensions of the floor of the cartridge, in plan, correspond to these two rows parallel to said first barrier.
  • each row has seven bottles, as each row of a rack according to the above example, and the dimensions of the floor of the cartridge, in plan, correspond to these seven bottles. per row, this number being also indicated only as a non-limiting example.
  • step c of the method according to the invention by successively discharging from the vehicle tray several copies of said first cartridge, in which case, preferably, they are stacked on the marketing site; for this purpose, a preferred embodiment of a cartridge according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises stacking means with other identical cartridges.
  • these stacking means with other identical cartridges comprise a rigid upper frame, rectangular, a plan shape substantially identical to that of the floor, means of rigid connection between the upper frame and the floor, a centering catch forming an upward projection respectively at each corner of the upper frame, and a depression at each corner of the floor, below it, each depression being adapted to receive a respective cleat of another cartridge.
  • the floor of the cartridge integrally carries a peripheral skirt, projecting downwards, having a free bottom edge, located in a plane parallel to the floor and defining said depression at each corner of the floor.
  • the present invention provides such a storage bin and transport bottles liquefied petroleum gas, having the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped having a rectangular floor, in plan dimensions corresponding to a fourth number determined mutually identical cylinders, standing, divided into a given fifth number of rows, mutually juxtaposed, of one and the same sixth determined number of bottles, mutually juxtaposed, a rigid upper frame, rectangular, of a plan shape substantially identical to that of the floor, means of rigid connection between the upper frame and the floor, stacking means with other identical lockers, and four lateral barriers which line the floor by a respective side thereof, characterized in that , with a view
  • the floor of the rack can advantageously carry a protruding peripheral skirt. downwardly, having a free bottom edge, located in a plane parallel to the floor of the locker and defining at each corner of the floor of the locker and in an intermediate zone of the sides of the floor perpendicular to the rows of the locker, below the floor of the here, a depression adapted to receive the cleats of said two cartridges.
  • the invention also relates to a.
  • the rack according to the invention advantageously comprises a frame rigid, rectangular upper frame, of a shape in plan substantially identical to that of the floor of the rack, rigid connection means between said frame and the floor of the rack and, within said frame, in an orientation parallel to the floor of the bin and perpendicular to the rows thereof, at least one rigid rail rigidly connected to the frame, forming a continuous raised rib above it, inside thereof, and occupying a direction parallel to the floor of the rack and
  • the rack comprises, along the or each rail, in a central zone thereof, an interlocking pocket of the floor skirt of each cartridge, at least on one side of said notch at least one, which ensures each cartridge on the rack, against sliding along the rib at least one number.
  • a cartridge according to the invention can in turn be loaded in full bottles and discharged into bottles, at least some of which are empty, during step a, by the side of the floor corresponding to its first barrier, suitably placed beforehand in position. release of the bottles, but, especially if it is sized in the preferred manner previously indicated, depending on the dimensions of a standard locker, it can also be loaded and unloaded from its bottles by the sides of its floor perpendicular to that at which corresponds to this first barrier, that is to say by the short sides of the floor, in which case it is advantageous to use the same means as to load a standardized rack in full bottles and to unload the empty bottles.
  • a second barrier corresponding to one side of the bottom perpendicular to that to which the first barrier corresponds, can be placed at will in a peripheral confinement position.
  • step a it is possible to implement step a by leaving the first barrier in the peripheral enclosing position of the bottles but by placing the second barrier, corresponding to one side of the floor perpendicular to that to which the first barrier corresponds, in a release position of the bottles, by pushing said second number of rows, said third number of bottles, standing, full, parallel to the first barrier to enter the cartridge by the side of the floor thereof corresponding to the second barrier , and then replacing the second barrier in the closed position of the bottles; if the cartridge was previously full of bottles of which at least some were empty, it is possible beforehand, but after having thus placed the second barrier in its bottle release position, during step a, pushing said second number of rows of said third number of bottles, standing, at least some of which are empty, parallel to the first barrier, to remove them from the cartridge by the side of the floor thereof corresponding to the second barrier, or, during the step a, we also place the third barrier, corresponding to a side of the floor opposite to that to which the second barrier corresponds, in a bottle release position,
  • this method of setting up and extracting bottles from a cartridge according to the invention assumes that these bottles all rest by their bottom on the floor of the cartridge, that is to say that the empty bottles are not placed in it upside down, contrary to a frequent practice on the marketing sites.
  • the floor thereof comprises a rigid lower frame frame integrally covered, upwards, a sheet selected from a group having solid sheets and perforated sheets;
  • a perforated plate considerably reduces the noise that bottoms of the bottles cause by sliding on the floor of a cartridge.
  • a cartridge according to the invention thus comprises a second barrier and, possibly, a third barrier
  • these can be mounted in the same way as the first barrier and the second barrier of a standardized rack, and similarly locked in a low position of peripheral confinement of the bottles in a high position of release of the bottles, so as to be compatible with the automatic opening and closing devices provided, on the filling or storage sites intermediate bottles, to open and close the first and second barriers standardized lockers.
  • each of the second and third barriers of each cartridge according to the invention stacked with a rack according to the invention is oriented in the same way as, respectively, the first or second barrier of this crate according to the invention, that is to say is turned to one side of the truck tray if we take care to orient the locker in the traditional way.
  • the bottles housed inside the cartridges are accessible under the same conditions as the bottles housed inside the bins, which makes it possible to use the cartridges not only in the manner characteristic of the process according to the invention, but also in the same way as the traditional standardized trays, that is to say to unload the full bottles and to refill the empty bottles individually, by hand, leaving these cartridges on the tray of the truck.
  • the cartridges according to the invention in accordance with the process according to the invention, that is to say by unloading them from the vehicle bed and loading them onto this tray.
  • step c by suspending each cartridge example, individually, to a hoist which can advantageously be integrated into the cartridge transport vehicle, in a manner known per se, since many trucks are already equipped. cranes handling their load.
  • the cartridge according to the invention preferably comprises suspension means to a hoist.
  • suspension means could be simply constituted by suspension points hanging lines, made for example in the form of handles distributed around a rigid upper frame frame of the cartridge, rigidly connected to the floor thereof.
  • the suspension means preferably comprise a rigid, rectangular upper frame frame, a shape in plan substantially identical to that of the floor, means of rigid connection between said frame and the floor and, within said frame, two rigid crosspieces rigidly connected to said frame and suitable for the rigid temporary anchoring of a rudder himself suspended from the hoist.
  • the hooks are mutually spaced a distance less than the distance separating the crosspieces in the second limit position and reach their first limit position by mutual spacing, so that it can be ensured by appropriate dimensioning of the chassis and by proper positioning axes of articulation of the hooks on the latter, that the hooks never come out of line with the vertical projection of the frame which, preferably, has a bulk overall, in plan, at most equal to the space requirement out all in plan, of a cartridge, to facilitate maneuvers approaching the rudder vis-à-vis a cartridge, even surrounded from all sides, and the maneuvers of such a cartridge by means of the rudder.
  • the spreader according to the invention further comprises coercive centering means relative to the rigid upper frame frame of the cartridge, parallel to the cross members of this frame.
  • the centering tabs are mutually spaced a distance less than the distance separating said lateral zones of the frame, parallel to the sleepers, in the second limit position and earn their first limit position by mutual spread.
  • the controlled means changing the hooks and the centering tabs, in a controlled manner, that is preferably remotely controlled, from one to the other of their respective limit positions, with respect to the frame, can be of various designs. but, preferably, they are chosen from a group comprising pneumatic means, hydraulic means and electrical means which, at the same time, on the one hand, implement means otherwise present, generally, on a truck and, on the other hand, lend themselves to the installation of safety devices preventing any inadvertent passage of the hooks and tabs from one to the other of their limit positions, and in particular to a limit position corresponding to the release of the cartridge with respect to the rudder, in order to avoid an accidental fall of this cartridge.
  • the suspension means comprise means for guiding in rotation around an axis perpendicular to the frame and passing through said central zone of the upper face thereof. It is thus possible to reduce the length of the lines, or even to remove any line between a hook of the lifting machine and the rudder according to the invention, that is to say both to limit the risk of sway of the cartridge and allow any rotation of it, on any desired angle, without effort and without danger.
  • the rotational guiding means are associated, in a manner known per se, controlled drive means, namely preferably remotely controlled, for guiding at will, at a distance, the rudder and the cartridge which it carries possibly around the axis around which is carried out the guidance in rotation, which axis has naturally tendency to be placed at least approximately vertically.
  • such a rack comprises a frame of rigid upper frame, rectangular, of a plan shape substantially identical to that of the floor of the rack, the rigid connection means between said frame and the floor of the rack and, within said frame, two rigid crosspieces, rigidly connected to said frame and occupying, relative to each other and relative to the center of the center of the bin, a relative position identical to that of the webs of the upper frame frame of a cartridge according to the preferred embodiment, above, of the latter, with respect to each other and with respect to the center of gravity of the cartridge.
  • the rack according to the invention comprises, for the purpose of stacking two cartridges according to the invention on it, at least one rigid rail rigidly connected to its rigid upper frame frame, preference is given to that two of said rails are provided, mutually symmetrical with respect to the center of the rigid upper frame frame of the rack, and that the two crosspieces thereof are disposed between said rails, are oriented perpendicularly to them and rigidly connect them mutually .
  • the sleepers and rails of the rigid upper frame frame of the rack and contribute to stiffen it.
  • a rack according to the invention may also have any known arrangement, specific to the standardized lockers of the prior art, in particular with regard to the mounting of its first and second movable barriers.
  • the first barrier of the cartridge according to the invention that is to say the barrier capable of being placed at will in one or the other of a position of peripheral confinement of the bottles and a position of release of the bottles, may itself present the traditional design of the mobile barriers equipping the standardized lockers of the prior art.
  • this first barrier is constituted by a bar extending parallel to the floor over the entire corresponding side thereof and guided to sliding in a perpendicular direction. at the floor, by two end zones, in two uprights of a rigid lateral frame frame, rigidly connected to the floor, and there is provided means for releasably locking the bar at a mean level of said uprights, corresponding to the peripheral confinement position of the bottles, and at a higher level of said uprights, corresponding to the position of release of the bottles.
  • removable locking means of the bar can be designed in the same way as in the case of standardized lockers of the prior art, that is to say include a device for jamming the ends of the bar relative to the amounts of the frame. rigid side frame, the unlocking being effected by a slight rotation of the bar on itself, in particular by manual action on it, which requires that the bar is designed to be as rigid as possible.
  • the latter comprises at least one intermediate amount between said uprights
  • the means detachable locking of the bar are carried by this intermediate amount of at least one, which allows to perform simply and reliably locking operations and unlocking action at this intermediate amount, that is to say that is to say in a central zone of the bar, even if it lacks a little rigidity given its length between the amounts of rigid frame of the frame frame of the cartridge.
  • the detachable locking means of the bar in the peripherally closed position of the bottles comprise, on said at least one intermediate upright, towards the inside of the cartridge, a level cleat. intermediate between the lower and upper ends of said intermediate amount of at least one, said cleat being adapted to constitute an upward stop for the bar, and the bar is elastically flexible, parallel to the floor, towards the inside of the cartridge, from a rectilinear conformation it occupies at rest and in which it engages under the intermediate level cleat and a curved conformation in which it is disengaged relative to the intermediate level cleat, upwards, the respective dimensions of the intermediate level cleat and the bar being chosen such that the row of bottles along the first barrier There is no obstacle to the passage of the bar from the rectilinear conformation to the curved conformation.
  • the bar may also be retained against a fall, from its position of peripheral confinement of the bottles, by any appropriate abutment, particularly permanent, relative to at least some of the frame frame uprights Lateral of the cartridge, namely for example by stops arranged for its ends in the amounts along which they slide.
  • the removable locking means of the bar in the bottle release position comprise, on said at least one intermediate upright, towards the inside of the cartridge, an end stop. superior able to constitute a stop downwards for the bar and in that the bar is elastically flexible, parallel to the floor, towards the inside of the cartridge, from a rectilinear conformation that it occupies at rest and in which it engages above the cleat upper end and a curved conformation in which it is disengaged with respect thereto, downwards, the respective dimensions of the upper end tab and the bar being chosen such that the row of bottles along the first barrier does not constitute obstacle to the passage of the bar from the rectilinear conformation to the curved conformation.
  • the removable locking means of the bar in position of peripheral confinement of the bottles comprise a lock, and the same applies to the possible second and third barriers of the cartridge, even if the latter are also mounted as the first and second barriers of a standardized locker.
  • the cartridge according to the invention can be deposited on the marketing site, if necessary in stacked form with at least one similar cartridge, without any other precaution against a theft of bottles, access to the bottles remaining limited to only holders of a key for the lock.
  • a hollow display installed permanently, open upwards, peripherally closed, having inner shapes and dimensions in plan complementary to those of said floor and having an access door on one side corresponding to that of said first barrier, in which case, in step c, is engaged or, successively, each copy of the first cartridge, from top to bottom, in the display by orienting the first cartridge so that the The first barrier is placed next to the display access door, then the bottles are released from this first lateral barrier.
  • step c of the method according to the invention is carried out by first releasing the display unit from bottom to top or successively each copy of the second cartridge after having placed the corresponding first barrier in the peripheral confinement position. bottles.
  • the present invention also extends to such a display, characterized in that it comprises a parallelepipedal enclosure, open upwards, peripherally closed, having a rectangular plan inwardly with plan dimensions complementary to those of the floor of a cartridge according to the invention and a height at least equal to that of such a cartridge, for internally housing such a cartridge, and in that said enclosure comprises, on a front facade corresponding to a large side of the rectangle, a door of access to the interior, extending on the one hand, in the direction of the height, from a lower edge located at a first level at most equal to the level of the floor of the cartridge housed inside the display unit to an upper edge located at a second level at least equal to a third level corresponding to the level of the floor of the cartridge plus the height of a bottle, and on the other hand, in a horizontal direction, over a width at least equal to the product of the overall dimensions, in plan, of a bottle by the number of bottles per row, so as to give access to all the bottles of a row of the cartridge.
  • the lower edge of the door is rectilinear, placed at the floor of the cartridge, and the display stand jointly projecting from the front face, a planar rim extending along said lower edge and also level with the floor of the cartridge, which provides a temporary support for the bottle being extracted or introduced in the cartridge, under conditions such that the top of the bottle, provided with a handle, is accessible when the bottle thus rests partly on this flat edge.
  • the invention also relates to a.
  • the display unit according to the invention can be designed to receive a single cartridge according to the invention, in which case it has a height inside at least equal to the height of this cartridge, but it can also be preferably designed to receive internally a stack of such cartridges according to the invention.
  • the display unit internally has a height at least equal to the height of a stack of cartridges comprising, in addition to said cartridge, at least one other cartridge stacked thereon, and the upper edge of the access door is located at a second level at least equal to said third level increased by the height of said other cartridge.
  • the display thus designed is intended to be housed in a closed enclosure, for example inside a store, or on a fenced area, its access door may be permanently open but when it is intended to remain freely accessible permanently, it is advantageously designed to prevent unauthorized access to cartridges and bottles they contain.
  • a preferred embodiment of the display according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises externally, along the front facade, two mutually identical leaves, each of which has a height at least equal to the height of the door, measured between its lower edge and its upper edge, and a width at least equal to half the width of the door and which cover a respective half of the door in a respective closing position thereof, and in that that each leaf is guided horizontally along the front wall, on a stroke at least equal to its width, from its closed position, to disengage the corresponding half by placing itself in a respective position of opening, opposite the half of the door corresponding to the other leaf occupying its closed position, it being understood that any appropriate lock may be provided to lock am ovible the leaves in their closed position of the door.
  • said stroke is at least equal to the width of the leaf , increased by half the overall dimensions of a bottle in plan.
  • said race can be limited to the width of the leaf without it results in difficulty to extract or replace bottles in the or each cartridge.
  • the display according to the invention may advantageously comprise means for guiding a vertical sliding cartridge.
  • these guide means advantageously comprise hopper means in an upper end zone of the display stand.
  • each side has integrally, projecting towards the inside of the display, in the vicinity of a respective one of said connection corners, a vertical slide defining said flat face of the sidewall, in relief relative thereto towards the interior of the display.
  • the display unit according to the invention may also have any provision facilitating its initial implementation on a marketing site, its movement on it, possibly its removal and, in the meantime, its stability, such as upper handles of lifting, at least one passage for the fork of a forklift and at least one receptacle for a ballast, these examples being in no way limiting.
  • the figure 1 shows a perspective view of a cartridge according to the invention, filled by way of non-limiting example of two rows of seven mutually identical bottles of liquefied petroleum gas, of the standardized type called "13kg bottle", this cartridge comprising, as it is preferred, three barriers movable sideways between a position of peripheral confinement of the bottles, in which they have been illustrated, and a release position of the bottles, and a fourth lateral barrier as for it fixed in a position of peripheral confinement of the bottles.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show a detail of the removable lock of a first of the movable lateral barriers, longer than the other two, in its position of peripheral confinement of the bottles, respectively from outside the cartridge and from inside thereof.
  • the figure 4 shows, in a similar view to that of the figure 3 locking the first movable lateral barrier in its bottle release position.
  • the figure 5 shows, in a perspective view, the stack of a cartridge according to the invention on a rack according to the invention, which may be a standardized rack which has been completed to make it in accordance with the present invention.
  • the figure 6 shows a perspective view of a display unit according to the invention in which two cartridges according to the invention are superposed, each of which is full of bottles in the same way as figure 1 .
  • the figure 7 shows this empty and open display, in a perspective view similar to that of the figure 6 .
  • the figures 8 and 9 show, in a perspective view, from inside the display, respectively to the upper part thereof and at an intermediate level thereof, means that it comprises for guiding the cartridges vertical sliding, when introduced into the display, by a movement up and down, and during their extraction thereof, by a movement from bottom to top.
  • the figure 10 shows a front view of the display containing two cartridges full of bottles, in the same way as figure 6 , the display unit being open but in a different way as illustrated in FIG. figure 7 .
  • FIGS. 11 and 12 show views in perspective, from outside the display, of various details located in the lower part thereof, as well as some details of a cartridge placed in the lower position in the stack of two cartridges inside of this one.
  • FIGS. 13 to 15 show, in a perspective view, various steps of handling the cartridges between the truck bed, the display and the floor on a marketing site, when it is a question of substituting at least one cartridge full of full bottles , brought by the truck, to at least one cartridge full of bottles, at least some of which are empty, housed in the display.
  • FIGS 16 to 18 illustrate, in perspective views, three states of the same spreader according to the invention, preferably used as suspension intermediate of a cartridge according to the invention or a locker according to the invention to a hoist such as a crane equipping the truck illustrated in Figures 13 to 15 .
  • This cartridge 1 will be described in a specific orientation, which is the one it occupies at least approximately, permanently, when in use, namely an orientation such as axes. not shown, constituting for each of the bottles 2 that it contains a respective axis of revolution, is vertical and a bottom 3 plan of each of the bottles 2 is horizontal and facing downwards.
  • each bottle 2 of the illustrated type has upwardly a coaxial sleeve 4, screwed, generally provided with a handle not shown for gripping the bottle and intended to ensure the protection of a gas sampling system inside the bottle 2 during storage and handling of the latter;
  • this sleeve 4 has, with reference to the axis of the bottle, a diameter less than that of an outer peripheral face 5, which delimits the bottle 2 in the direction of a distance from its axis, over most of its height from its bottom 3, which face 5 is cylindrical in revolution about the axis of the bottle with a diameter substantially identical to that of the bottom 3.
  • the frame 8 of the lower frame bears integrally, for example by welding, a flat, horizontal floor 18, preferably made of sheet metal, -even preferably perforated to a small diameter by relative to that of the bottom 3 of a bottle 2 in order to reduce the noise that the bottles can produce by sliding by their bottom 3 on the floor 18 when filling the cartridge 1 in bottles 2 full or when taking bottles 2 full or empty.
  • a flat, horizontal floor 18 preferably made of sheet metal, -even preferably perforated to a small diameter by relative to that of the bottom 3 of a bottle 2 in order to reduce the noise that the bottles can produce by sliding by their bottom 3 on the floor 18 when filling the cartridge 1 in bottles 2 full or when taking bottles 2 full or empty.
  • the thickness of this floor 18 must be taken into account in the calculation of the internal height of the cartridge 1, compared to the overall height of a bottle 2.
  • the side barriers are located at a level of the uprights 16 and 17 intermediate between the respective levels of the lower frame frame 18 and the upper frame frame 11, namely more precisely to a level corresponding to that of the faces outer peripherals 5 of the bottles 2, which thus bear against these barriers by these outer peripheral faces 5.
  • one, 19, of these side barriers, associated with a large side of the floor 18, that is to say one of the frames 15 of lateral frame, is permanently attached to with this frame of lateral frame, so as to permanently occupy its position of peripheral confinement of the bottles 2.
  • the frame 15 For this purpose, it consists for example of two rigid bars, rectilinear, parallel to the floor 18, and secured for example by welding with the uprights 16 and 17 of the frame 15 corresponding lateral frame; one of these bars is located at the aforementioned level, chosen so that the Bottles 2 closest to him apply against him by the outer peripheral face 5, to constitute the barrier 19 itself, while the other bar is located at an intermediate level between that of the aforementioned bar and that of the upper spar 12 of the frame 15 of corresponding lateral framework, to play rather a role of stiffening of this frame 15.
  • each of these barriers 20 is constituted by a rigid bar, rectilinear, parallel to the floor 18 and able to move, by sliding along the uprights 16 between a low position of peripheral confinement of the bottles, illustrated for example in figures 1 , 5 , 9 , in which its level with respect to the floor 18 is such that the adjacent bottles 2 are supported by their outer peripheral face 5, and a high bottle release position, not shown, in which the bar 20 adjoins the corresponding cross member 13 to completely release the passage for the bottles 2.
  • each of the bars constituting the barriers 20 is mounted, at its ends, to slide along a respective cable 21 which runs along the corresponding upright 16, parallel to this upright 16, outside the frame 15 of FIG. corresponding lateral frame and is secured by its ends with the corresponding upright 16 on the one hand via a bracket 22 respectively located at the upper end of the upright 16, that is to say the connection of the with the corresponding crossbar 13, and on the other hand via a console 23 located on the upright 16 corresponding to a level which is that of the bar constituting the barrier 20 in position of peripheral confinement of the bottles.
  • each of the brackets 23 constitutes an upwardly facing hook and cooperates with the respectively corresponding, suitably shaped end of the bar constituting the barrier 20 so that, in an orientation that this tends to take by gravity, the hook holds the corresponding end against an upward movement, that is to say, hold the barrier 20 in its position of peripheral confinement of the bottles, against a displacement towards its release position of the latter, and that a rotation applied to the bar on itself makes it possible to disengage it with respect to an upward movement in order to allow the barrier 20 to be brought to its position of release of the bottles.
  • each console 23 may be associated with a lock locking system of the corresponding barrier 20 in its position of peripheral confinement of the bottles, for example in the form of a padlock mounted in a hole drilled in each bracket 23, above the corresponding end of the bar constituting the barrier 20 in the peripheral position of enclosing the bottles, as will be readily understood by a person skilled in the art.
  • Other locking means of the lock can be used for this purpose, such as pinning of the bar constituting the barrier 20 on each console 23 or on the upright 16 corresponding. The choice and mounting of such lock locking means are within the normal abilities of a person skilled in the art, and have not been illustrated.
  • the barrier 24 corresponding to the long side of the floor 18 opposite to that corresponding to the barrier 19 is also movable between a position of peripheral confinement of the bottles, in which it is illustrated in FIGS. figures 1 , 2 , 3 , 5 and in which it is located at an intermediate level of the uprights 16 and 17, so as to serve as a support for the outer peripheral face 5 of the adjacent bottles 2, and a release position of the bottles 2, in which it is illustrated in FIG. figure 4 and adjoins the upper spar 12 of the corresponding lateral framework frame 15.
  • the barrier 24 is constituted by a bar parallel to the floor 18 and guided by each of its ends, sliding along a respective upright 16 of the frame 15 corresponding lateral framework.
  • each of the uprights 16 of the frame 15 has towards the other upright 16, integrally, a slide 25 which runs along its entire height and has the shape of a straight section with U-section, the U-shaped sections of the two slideways 25 being open towards each other to receive and guide sliding an end piece 26 respective of the bar constituting the barrier 24.
  • the bar constituting the barrier 24 is rigid only against of a deflection in the vertical direction, and it is against elastically flexible in the horizontal direction, that is to say while remaining parallel to the floor 18 while its end pieces 26 remain engaged in the slides 25.
  • This privileged flexibility can be inherent in the constituent material of the bar, and concern it over its entire length between its end pieces 26, but, in the example illustrated, it is made by a suitable elastically flexible connection, facing each of the intermediate uprights 17, between rectilinear sections 27 of the bar thus constituting the barrier 24, as for them rigid against a deflection in any direction under the normal conditions of use.
  • this bar consists of three sections 27, two of which are situated between a respective upright 16 and the intermediate upright 17 closest to this upright 16 and the third of which is situated between the two uprights 17, and an elastic connection is ensured. between this central section 27 and each of the sections 27 thus end by a respective connector 28 having an elastic flexibility in a horizontal transverse direction, that is to say parallel to the floor 18, and a rigidity in a vertical transverse direction, c ' that is to say perpendicular to this floor 18.
  • each of the connectors 28 may advantageously have a rigid connection zone with each of the sections 27 that it connects, for example in the form of a respective sleeve 29 fitting longitudinally on a corresponding end of the section 27 considered, each of the bushings 29 being located on the same side of the corresponding intermediate upright 17 as the section 27 considered, and the two bushings 29 constituting the same connection 28 are mutually connected by a tab 30 having the desired selective elasticity and along the intermediate amount 17 corresponding from the inside of the cartridge 1.
  • Each of the end pieces 26 may also have the shape of a sleeve 31 fitted longitudinally on the corresponding end of a respective one of the end sections 27, this sleeve 31 carrying solidly a tab 32 which engages in the corresponding slideway 25 for the purpose of guiding the desired sliding along it, however benefiting inside this slide of a sufficient clearance in any direction horizontal, to allow a deflection of the bar constituting the barrier 24 under conditions that will be described now, and an apparent shortening of the bar between its ends, because of this deflection, without this apparent shortening results in a release of tabs 32 of the end pieces 26 with respect to the slides 25.
  • the bar constituting the barrier 24 has a rectilinear conformation, in which each of the tabs 30 is applied against the corresponding intermediate amount 17 respectively, within the cartridge 1.
  • Each of the tabs 34 has downwardly a planar lower face, perpendicular to the corresponding intermediate upright 17, to serve as a stop for the corresponding tab 30 upwards.
  • this lower face 35 is connected to a front face 36 which is also flat, parallel to the corresponding upright 17.
  • This end face 36 is turned towards the inside of the cartridge 1 and is connected upwardly to an upper face 37 of the cleat 34, which constitutes an oblique face with respect to the upright 17, of which this face 37 is progressively moving towards the top to join him.
  • each connector 28 bears downward on another tab 38, located at the upper end of the corresponding upright 17, or in the immediate vicinity of this upper end, of so as to ensure a removable retainer of the bar, returned to its conformation of rest, in this position of release of bottles.
  • each upper cleat 38 has upwardly a flat upper face 39 perpendicular to the corresponding upright 17 and connected, in the direction of a distance relative thereto, to a flat flank 40, parallel to this amount 17, a flange 41 of the cleat 38.
  • this flank 40 is connected to an upper face 42 of the rim 41, which is flat and oriented parallel to the upper face 39, and this face 42 connects itself , in the direction of a distance relative to the upright 17, to a front face 43 of the catch 38, which is parallel to the upright 17 and facing towards the inside of the cartridge 1.
  • This end face 43 connects itself, downwards, to a lower face 44 of the cleat 38, which is flat and forms an oblique portion relative to the amount 17 and approaching it downwards.
  • the flank 40 of the rim 41 of the upper cleat 38 is sufficiently spaced from the corresponding intermediate upright 17 to allow the engagement of a respective one of the tabs 30 while the bar constituting the barrier 24 has its conformation of FIG. rest and occupies its bottle release position, to prevent accidental release of this bar.
  • the upper face 42 of the rim 41 is sufficiently distant, vertically, from the cross member 14 closest to the intermediate upright 17 corresponding so that, by an upward movement and while it is elastically bending the bar inwardly of the cartridge 1, each of the tabs 30 can be released from the corresponding upper latch 38 and cross its rim 41 to allow the return of the bar constituting the barrier 24 in its position of peripheral confinement of the bottles.
  • the barrier 24 can be equipped with removable locking means, with a lock, in the position of peripheral confinement of the bottles, by example in the well-known form of a padlock or pin provided with a padlock, respectively retaining each of the ferrules 26 against sliding upwards in the corresponding slideway 25, suitably provided with through holes for this padlock or this pin, or similar means provided at the intermediate amounts 17 and connectors 28 if we refer more specifically to the embodiment of the barrier 24 which has been described.
  • These locking means have not been illustrated, and their design and positioning are within the normal abilities of a person skilled in the art.
  • the frame 11 of the upper frame integrally carries, via gussets 45 mutually connecting the longitudinal members 12 and crosspieces 13 at each of its angles, four centering cleats 46, each of which is thus located inside a respective one of the angles formed by the longitudinal members 12 and the crosspieces 13, which it closely adjoins, and forms an upward projection with respect to the frame 11 rigid upper frame.
  • Each of the lugs 46 has on the side of the corresponding spar 12 and the side of the corresponding cross member 13 a respective inclined face 47, 48, oriented so that the sides 48 of the different cleats 46 approach each other upwards and that it Similarly, sections 47 of these different catches 46, in a relationship of mutual symmetry with respect to two plane means 49, 50 of symmetry of the frame 6 of the cartridge 1, these two planes 49 and 50 being vertical, that is, that is to say perpendicular to the floor 18, and respectively oriented transversely and longitudinally.
  • the frame 8 of lower frame is provided over its entire periphery with a continuous skirt 51 integrally set back down from the floor 18 and forming, in below the frame 8 of lower frame a projection at least equal to that each of the tabs 46 forms above the frame 11 of upper frame.
  • a cartridge according to the invention 1 can lie flat on the frame 11 rigid upper frame of another cartridge 1 according to the invention, substantially continuously, enveloping by the skirt 51 the four tabs 46 corresponding, which fit into a respective corner of the skirt 51 and provide a precise relative positioning, refined during the deposition of the upper cartridge 1 on the lower cartridge 1 by cooperation of inclined faces 47 and 48 with the skirt 51.
  • any suitable means such as a forklift, acting for example under the crosspieces 13 and 14 of the frame 11 can be used.
  • upper frame preferably integrally provided, from below, two rectilinear irons 122, longitudinal, mutually symmetrical with respect to the plane 50, to define between them a longitudinal guide for receiving one of the arms of the fork, of which the other arm can advantageously carry in the same way another cartridge 1 according to the invention, or a lifting device such as a crane, to which the cartridge 1 can be suspended by any appropriate means, namely preferably via a spreader 84 according to the invention, a non-limiting embodiment of which will be described later with reference to Figures 16 to 18 .
  • the means of mutual stacking and mutual centering of the cartridges 1 according to the invention which have just been described may be replaced by means of different design, playing the same role, without we go out of the framework. of the present invention.
  • the skirt 51 which defines under the floor 18 a depression each corner receives a respective stop 46, could be replaced by means defining below the floor 18, at each corner of the lower frame here constituted by the frame 8, a respective localized depression of receiving a respective cleat 46.
  • a cartridge according to the invention 1 which has just been described, however, constitutes a presently preferred embodiment, on the one hand because of its great simplicity, compatible with a realization at a lower cost, and of a certain rusticity which facilitates maintenance and use even in sometimes difficult handling conditions, and secondly because the mutual stacking means of two cartridges 1 which have just been described are compatible with a stack two of these cartridges 1, mutually juxtaposed transversely so that their mean planes of symmetry 49 coincide with a standardized rack, without modification thereof or with simple and inexpensive changes to transform it into a locker 54 according to the invention as illustrated in figure 5 where, for the sake of clarity, there is illustrated only one cartridge 1 and stacked with a rack 54, namely on it.
  • the latter has two plane means of symmetry 71 and 72 mutually perpendicular and oriented vertically in a preferred orientation that the rack 54 occupies at least approximately when in use, and which will serve as a reference for the continuation of the description.
  • intermediate crosspieces 60 rectilinear, parallel to the sleepers 57 and distributed between the latter in the direction 7, mutually connect, rigidly, the longitudinal members and form supports for the bars 58, with which these intermediate cross members 60 are rigidly secured.
  • the aforementioned fastenings between the longitudinal members 56, the crosspieces 57, the bars 58 and the intermediate cross members 60 may be made by any known means, namely for example by welding.
  • the longitudinal members 56 have in the direction 7 a length identical to those of the longitudinal members 9 of the frame 8 of the lower frame of the cartridge according to the invention 1, so that the floors 59 and 18 have the same longitudinal dimension, and are therefore suitable to receive the same number of bottles 2 mutually juxtaposed in the longitudinal direction 7 and lying flat on the floor 59, by their bottom 3, provided that these bottles 2 are identical for a cartridge according to the invention 1 and for a locker according to the invention 54.
  • crosspieces 57 have a length much greater than that of crosspieces 10, namely in the illustrated example a length approximately equal to five times the diameter of a bottle 2, plus a functional clearance of a few centimeters, which corresponds to for the floor 59 to a width approximately equal to twice the width of the floor 18, increased by the diameter of a bottle 2.
  • the floor 59 of the rack 54 can receive five longitudinal rows, mutually juxtaposed transversely, of seven cylinders 2, mutually juxtaposed longitudinally, identical to the bottles 2 whose cartridge according to the In the nonlimiting example shown, the invention 1 receives two longitudinal rows, mutually juxtaposed, each of which counts seven of these bottles, mutually juxtaposed longitudinally.
  • a rack 54 according to the invention could internally receive a different number of longitudinal rows, each counting a different number of bottles, if they were bottles having dimensions in plan, overall, different from those of the bottles 2 of the cartridges 1 according to the invention.
  • Each of the longitudinal members 56 constitutes the base of a rigid lateral frame 61, flat, longitudinal, perpendicular to the floor 59 and comprising in particular two respective rectilinear uprights 62, perpendicular to the floor 59 and rigidly connected to a respective end of the spar 56 respectively corresponding. Between these uprights 62, each lateral frame 61 has a triangulated, open structure, which is well known in itself and will not be detailed.
  • Each lateral frame 61 further comprises a respective longitudinal longitudinal spar 63, each of the spars 63 being rigidly connected, at its ends, to the upper end of a respective upright 62 and placed in line with a respective spar 56, at a distance from it slightly greater than the height, overall, of a bottle 2, namely at a distance that can be advantageously substantially identical to that which separates the longitudinal members 9 and 12 located on the same side of each other. a cartridge 1 according to the invention.
  • the two longitudinal members 63 have the same length, which is that of the longitudinal members 56, and are mutually connected at their ends so as to rigid, by straight crosspieces 64 parallel to the sleepers 57, so that the longitudinal members 63 and the crosspieces 64 together form a flat frame 65 rigid upper frame, parallel to the floor 59 and having in plan internal dimensions substantially identical to the dimensions, in plan, floor 59.
  • each of the lateral frames 61 constitutes inside them a permanently fixed barrier 66, which permanently closes the floor 59 on its two longest sides.
  • the uprights 62 and the crosspieces 57 and 64 define on the shorter sides of this floor 59 an opening that a barrier 67, parallel to the sleepers 57 and 64 and guided by its sliding ends, perpendicular to the floor 59, along each of the uprights 62, allows to close or open at will to the passage of bottles, for filling and emptying the rack 54 in bottles.
  • each of the barriers 67 is mounted, in a manner identical to that described with reference to the barriers 20 of the cartridge 1 according to the invention, so as to be movable between a peripheral confinement position bottles of the bin 54, in which it is illustrated in FIG. figure 5 , and a release position of these bottles, not shown but well known to a person skilled in the art.
  • each barrier 67 is retained by hook brackets 68 of the uprights 62, at a level such that it can serve as a support for the outer peripheral face 5 of the bottles 2 closest then that, in the high position of release of the bottles, it adjoins the corresponding cross 64 so as to clear vis-à-vis the floor 59 a height at least equal to that of a bottle 2.
  • the bar constituting each barrier 67 can be brought from its position of peripheral confinement of the bottles to its bottle release position by mechanized means provided on the loading and unloading sites of standardized bins, which makes it possible to use the same loading and unloading facilities for racks according to the invention 54, for standardized racks and for cartridges according to the invention 1.
  • a rack according to the invention 54 can be easily superimposed on two cartridges 1 according to the invention mutually juxtaposed, not shown, since their mean planes 49 merge with the average plane such that 71 crate such as 54, that they are mutually symmetrical with respect to the mean plane 72 such that the bin 54, and that they are mutually spaced, transversely, so that their longitudinal members 12 are mutually parallel, and that the mutual spacing of the more distant longerons 12 is identical to the mutual spacing of the longitudinal members 56.
  • the latter in a rack according to the invention 54 as in a standardized rack, form with the crosspieces 57, projecting below the bars 55 constituting the floor 59 of the rack 65, a continuous peripheral skirt 69, presenting a free bottom edge 70, continuous, located in a horizontal plane, and this skirt 69 itself forms under the floor 59, in particular at each of the corners defined by the junction between a spar 56 and a cross member 57, as well as at all along each crossmember 57 and in particular in a central zone thereof, a depression adapted to receive a cleat 46 of a cartridge 1, in a relative position of the locker 65 and the two cartridges 1 such as the sleepers 57 of the locker 54 lie flat on the crosspieces 13 of the two cartridges 1 and that the longitudinal members 56 of this rack 54 lie flat on those of the side members 12 of the cartridges 1 which are farthest one of the other.
  • the two cartridges 1 can also be superimposed on a standardized rack in a position in which the lower free edge 52 of their skirt 51 rests flat on the longitudinal members 56 in the portion of this free edge 52 corresponding to the cross members 10 , and on a respective spar 63 in a part of this lower edge 52 corresponding to one of the longitudinal members 9.
  • the cartridges 1 can then, however, slip and leave this relative position, which leads to provide additional provisions that will now be described on a rack 54 according to the invention.
  • the frame 65 rigid upper frame integrally carries, internally, as many rails 73 rigid, rectilinear, parallel to the sleepers 64, that the lower free edge 52 of the skirt 51 of a cartridge 1 has notches 53, and these rails 73 are distributed longitudinally between the sleepers 64, in the same way as the notches 53 between the crosspieces 10.
  • the frame 65 rigid upper frame of the rack 54 comprises two rails 73, mutually symmetrical with respect to the plane 71 as the crosspieces 64 and mutually spaced from this plane 71 by a distance identical to that which separates from the plane 49 the two notches 53 of a cartridge according to the invention 1.
  • Each of the rails 73 has, for example, the shape of an angle bracket, one flange 74 of which is oriented parallel to the floor 59, turned towards the nearest crossmember 64 and rigidly fastened, at its ends, to the two longitudinal members 63, for example by welding, by being arranged in the direction of the height so as to fit into the overall size of the frame 65 in height, and a wing 75 turned upwards and forming a rib projecting above the frame 65, over a height of more equal to the depth of a notch 53 measured perpendicularly to the lower free edge 52 of the skirt 51 of a cartridge 1 according to the invention.
  • each wing or rib 75 forms a bevel 76 which descends towards this spar 63.
  • a cartridge according to the invention 1 can be superimposed on a rack according to the invention 54 in a position in which the transverse plane planes 49 and 71 coincide and in which each of the two notches 53 fits on one, respectively, wings or ribs 75, while the free edge 52 of the skirt 51 rests flat on the sleepers 64 in its areas corresponding to the cross members 10 and on one of the longitudinal members 63 in its zone corresponding to the spar 9 opposite the spar 9 below which are located the notches 53; the cooperation, at this level, between the uninterrupted lower edge 52 of the skirt 51 and the bevels 76 contributes to the positioning of the cartridge 1 on the rack 54.
  • bevels 76 of the wings or ribs 75 also assist in the mutual centering and the retention, against a relative sliding, of two compartments 54 which are superimposed on one another by depositing one, by the free lower edge 70 of its skirt 69, flat on the frame 65 of upper frame of the other.
  • each of the flanges or ribs 75 bears integrally, projecting towards the other wing or rib 75, a respective flat iron 77 fixed on edge, rigidly on it, for example by welding, and folded so as to constitute a pocket 78 open upwards, having a flat bottom 79 parallel to the floor 59 and advantageously placed level with the corresponding wing 74, and two sidewalls 80 bordering this bottom 79 respectively towards one and the other of the longitudinal members 63, in a relationship of mutual symmetry with respect to the plane 72 and with a mutual spacing such that each of these flanks 60 serves as a stop, in the direction of a distance from the plane 72, for the skirt 51 of a respective cartridge 1 next to the notch 53 fitted on the wing or the corresponding rib 75 when the respective cartridge 1 is superimposed on the rack 54 in the relative position described above.
  • the two sides 80 of the same pocket 78 are approximately spaced, in a transverse direction parallel to the floor 59, by a distance approximately equal to
  • the two sidewalls 80 of the same pocket 78 mutually diverge upwards, so as to contribute as bevels 76 to the positioning of the cartridges 1 on the locker 54.
  • each of the flat bars 77 has in a transverse direction, parallel to the floor 59, an overall dimension substantially smaller than that which separates the two intermediate cross members 14 from the frame 11 rigid top of a cartridge 1, and the two rails 75 are mutually spaced, longitudinally, a distance which may be of the same order of magnitude as the mutual spacing of the two side members 12 of the frame 11 rigid upper frame; in the illustrated example, the two rails 73 are mutually spaced, longitudinally, by a distance slightly greater than that which separates the two side members 12 mutually.
  • the two rails 75 are interconnected, rigidly, by two rigid cross members 81 occupying one with respect to the other, as well as with respect to the plane 72 of symmetry of the rack 54, an identical position to that the intermediate cross members 14 occupy with respect to each other and with respect to the plane of symmetry 49 of the frame 6 of the cartridge 1.
  • the crosspieces 81 are mutually symmetrical with respect to the plane 72 and spaced apart by the same distance as the intermediate cross-members 14, so that when the locker 5 4 is empty or when it is full, an assembly constituted by the two cross members 81 and the two rails 73 which rigidly connect them to the rigid upper frame frame 65 of the rack 54 is symmetrical relative to the center of the center of trap 54 severity, empty or loaded, as well as an assembly constituted by the intermediate cross members 14 and the longitudinal members 12 of the frame 11 rigid upper frame of the frame 6 of the cartridge 1 according to the invention is symmetrical with respect to the plumb of the center of gravity of this cartridge 1, whether it is empty or full of empty or full bottles, which remains true, almost, if the cartridge 1 is full of bottles which are empty in their majority., that is to say which only one or two are full.
  • a cartridge 1 according to the invention and a rack 54 according to the invention can be handled in particular by suspension to a hoist such as a crane 82 fitted to a delivery truck 83, through a lifter 84 according to the invention which is temporarily anchored, rigidly, on the intermediate cross members 14, between the longitudinal members 12, or on the cross members 81, between the rails 73, respectively, and which will now be described with reference to Figures 16 to 18 .
  • a hoist such as a crane 82 fitted to a delivery truck 83
  • a lifter 84 according to the invention which is temporarily anchored, rigidly, on the intermediate cross members 14, between the longitudinal members 12, or on the cross members 81, between the rails 73, respectively, and which will now be described with reference to Figures 16 to 18 .
  • the rudder according to the invention 84 comprises a rigid flat frame 86, made for example in the form of a rigid assembly of four tubes arranged in a rectangle and forming two rectilinear rails 87, mutually parallel, connected rigidly, at their ends, by two cross members 88 also rectilinear and mutually parallel.
  • the two longitudinal members 87 have a length greater than the mutual spacing of the two intermediate cross members 14 but less than that of the two end crosspieces 13, and the two crosspieces 88 have a length less than that of the intermediate cross members 14, that is to say to say to the mutual spacing of the two side members 12, although greater than the mutual spacing of the two irons 122 underlying the rigid upper frame frame 11 of the frame 6 of the cartridge 1, so that the frame 86 can come apply flat, by a plane lower face 89, on the two intermediate crosspieces 14, between the two side members 12, in a relative position in which the frame 86 is symmetrical with respect to the two planes 49 and 50, which then constitute more generally two plane means of symmetry for the assembly of the rudder 84, so that the frame 86 has a central zone plumb with at least approximately the center of gravity of the load cons staggered by empty cartridge 1 or full of bottles that are all full or are empty in their majority.
  • the sleepers 88 of the frame 86 are oriented parallel to the intermediate cross members 14, on which the longitudinal members 87 of the frame 86, themselves parallel to the longitudinal members 12, rest, and it will be observed that one space remains free between each beam 87 of the chassis 86 and the beam 12 respectively closest.
  • This support position of the frame 86, by its lower face 89, will be referred to laterally on the cross-members 14 of the rigid upper frame frame 11 of the frame 6 of a cartridge 1 to describe the different components of the lifter 14 and their operation.
  • the frame 86 has a planar upper face 90, parallel to its lower face 89 and essentially covered by a flat plate 91 fastened integrally, for example by welding, to the longitudinal members 87 of the frame 86, above this, leaving in the example shown a free space along each cross 88.
  • a central zone 92 also constituting a central zone of the upper face 90 of the frame 86, that is to say, in line with the center of gravity of the cartridge 1
  • the sheet 91 bears integrally, for example by bolting on a saddle 93 itself attached to the plate 91, for example by welding, means 94 for suspending the lifting apparatus such as the crane 82, these suspension means 94 being preferably chosen so as to be as rigid as possible while allowing a rotation of the frame 86 about an axis 95 perpendicular to the frame 86 and passing through the central zone 92 of its upper face 90, that is to say an axis 95 coinciding with the intersection of the planes 49 and 50, vertical or approximately vertical under normal conditions of use and at least approximately passing through the center of gravity of the cartridge 1.
  • these suspension means 94 comprise a rigid lower portion 96 secured to the saddle 93, a rigid upper portion 97, intended to be attached to the hoist such as the crane 82 , for example by direct engagement of an unrepresented hook of this hoist in a loop 98 that this upper portion 97 has perpendicular to the axis 95, unrepresented means for guiding the parts 96 and 97 to the relative rotation around the axis 95 without any other possibility of relative displacement and, preferably, remotely controlled motor means to enable an operator to orient at will, without difficulty, the frame 86 and the cartridge 1 which it carries, around the axis 95, relative to the hoist such as the crane 82 and relative to the ground.
  • the frame rails 87 from each other 86 bear, by a journal assembly, a respective rigid caliper 100 consisting of two flat arms 101, each of which is hinged about the corresponding axis 99 on one, respective, longitudinal members 87 along the frame 86 outwardly thereof, and which are mutually symmetrical with respect to the plane 50, and a cross member 102 parallel to the respective axis 99.
  • the arms 101 mutually identical, have a generally rectilinear conformation and, under the normal conditions of use of the rudder 84, permanently have at a level greater than that of the upper face 90 of the frame 86 an upper end 103, to which rigidly connects the corresponding cross member 102, and below the lower face 89 of the chassis 86 a free lower end 104.
  • each arm 101 is shaped like a hook, like the assembly of the arm 101, in a respective mean plane, not referenced, perpendicular to the axis 99 and each arm 101 is oriented so that the hooks 105 of the two arms 101 corresponding to the same spar 87 are rotated in the direction of a mutual distance.
  • each hook is turned in the direction of a distance relative to the plane 49, with respect to which the arms 101, including the hooks 105, are mutually symmetrical, in particular in a limit position of maximum mutual approximation of the hooks 105 of the arms 101 associated with the same spar 87 and in a limit position d maximum distance between these brackets 105.
  • each hook 105 may have a conformation complementary to that the corresponding cross member 14 has downward.
  • each of these crosspieces 102 is articulated, around a respective axis 107 parallel to the axis 99, the rod of a respective controlled cylinder 178 whose body is articulated about a respective axis 109, parallel to the axes 107 and 99, on the fifth wheel 93, a respective side of the attachment of the lower part 96 of the suspension means 94.
  • the maximum limit position of maximum mutual distance of the hooks 105 constitutes an anchoring position under a respective cross-member 14 insofar as each hook 105 then engages under this cross-piece, by wrapping it at the bottom or as soon as this limit position is reached and while the lower face 89 of the frame 86 rests flat on the sleeper 14, or after a lifting primer of the rudder 84, resulting in a slight detachment of the lower face 89 of the frame 86 by relative to the sleepers 14, while the limit position of maximum mutual closeness of the hooks 105, illustrated in FIGS. Figures 16 and 17 , corresponds to a position of total mutual release of the rudder 84 and sleepers 14.
  • the plate 91 integral with the frame 86 of the rudder 84 carries solidly, upwardly, between the saddle 93 and, respectively, each of axes 99, a respective group of two slides 177, for example in the form of a square tube, oriented parallel to the axes 99 and each of which receives and guides sliding parallel to these axes 99, that is to say to the direction 85, a respective straight rod 178.
  • the rods 178 corresponding to one and the same group of two slideways 177 have at least one end cantilevered out of this slideway 177 and relative to one respective one of the longitudinal members 87, that is to say a respective side of the plane 50, and each of these rods 178 integrally carries, by this cantilevered end, a respective centering tab 179, which forms a downward projection relative to the respective rod 178 and presents in the sense of a distance from the frame 86, at a level which is lower than that of the respective rod 178 and corresponds to that of the longitudinal members 12 when the chassis 86 rests flat on the cross members 14, a front face 110 substantially flat and perpendicular to the direction 85.
  • the end faces 110 are curved downwardly, to a respective free lower end, as indicated at 111, so that the end faces 110 of the two centering tabs 179 corresponding to one and the same group of two slideways 177 are mutually closer to each other. the bottom, which facilitates an engagement of the rudder 84 from top to bottom between the two longitudinal members 12 when the hooks 105 occupy their limit position of maximum mutual ruzement.
  • each centering lug 179 is hinged, about an axis 112 parallel to the longitudinal members 87, to the rod of a respective controlled cylinder 113 whose body is articulated about a respective axis 114, parallel to the axes 112, on the respective slide 177.
  • any appropriate safety can be provided by the skilled person, in particular to prevent inadvertent return of the tabs 179 and, especially, the hooks 105 at their position of maximum mutual approximation, that is to say of release of the charge constituted by the cartridge 1.
  • a lifter 84 according to the invention not only allows simple lifting operations of a cartridge 1 according to the invention or a locker 54 according to the invention, if necessary with rotation around the axis 95, but also movements of introduction and extraction of cartridges according to the invention 1 with respect to a display which can advantageously be a complement of such cartridges 1, receiving them internally to protect the contents, and a non-limiting example embodiment will now be described with reference to Figures 6 to 12 .
  • the display 115 according to the invention may advantageously be made in welded construction, such as the cartridges 1 according to the invention and the lockers 54 according to the invention.
  • the display 115 comprises four rectilinear uprights 116, mutually parallel, oriented vertically when the display 115 is in use, having the same height and arranged at the four corners of a horizontal rectangle to give the display 115, internally as externally, the general shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, symmetrical with respect to two vertical planes, mutually perpendicular, which will be understood later that they merge with the planes of symmetry 49 and 50 of two cartridges 1 according to the invention, mutually superimposed on the interior of the display 115.
  • each upright 116 constitutes a support foot 117 of the display 115 on the ground and at a distance from the feet 117 sufficient to clear a space 118 from the floor of the fork of a carriage elevator and receiving blocks of ballast 119, intended to increase the stability of the display 115 on the ground, the four uprights 116 are connected mutually, rigidly and rigidly, by two straight longitudinal members 120 horizontal, mutually parallel, oriented in a direction of which it will be understood later that it merges with the longitudinal direction 7 of each of the cartridges according to the invention 1 housed in the display 115, and by two crosspieces 121 rectilinear, horizontal, mutually parallel, oriented at right angles to the longitudinal members 120 on which they are arranged by respective ends and that they mutually connect rigidly and rigidly.
  • the longitudinal members 120 and the crosspieces 121 thus constitute for the display unit 115 a rectangular, horizontal frame of rigid lower frame, whose inner dimensions correspond to the overall external dimensions, in plan of a cartridge according to the invention 1, increased by a functional clearance of the order of a few centimeters, in transverse horizontal direction, to about twenty centimeters, in horizontal longitudinal direction, these figures being given as non-limiting examples.
  • the longitudinal members 120 are advantageously arranged to be mutually spaced by a distance corresponding to that mutually separating the parts of the lower edge 52 of the skirt 51 corresponding to the long sides of the floor 18 of a cartridge 1 according to the invention, or to that which separates the two rails 12 of the frame 11 rigid upper frame of such a cartridge 1.
  • cross members 123 and the longitudinal members 120 culminate in the same horizontal geometric plane.
  • these amounts 116 are interconnected, rigidly, by another horizontal frame, rectangular frame consisting of two longitudinal members 125 parallel to the longitudinal members 120 and two cross members 126 parallel to the cross 121 and 123.
  • the uprights 116 are also connected by another rigid frame frame, consisting of two side members 128 parallel to the side members 120 and 125 and two sleepers 129 parallel to the cross members 121, 123 and 126.
  • No intermediate crossbeam between the crosspieces 126 is provided between the longitudinal members 125, just as no intermediate crossbeam between the crosspieces 129 is provided between the longitudinal members 128, so that the two frames formed by the longitudinal members 125 and the cross members 126 and by the longitudinal members 128 and crosspieces 129, respectively, are fully open, in the vertical direction, and have internally plan dimensions greater than the plan dimensions, overall, of a cartridge 1 according to the invention.
  • This extra dimension can be of the order of a few centimeters, in horizontal transverse direction, to about twenty centimeters, in horizontal longitudinal direction, these figures being given only by way of non-limiting examples.
  • the display 115 thus defines a chamber closed downwards by a raised bottom. by the longitudinal members 120 and the cross members 123, but integrally open upwards from this bottom.
  • the crosspieces 121, 126, 129 and the uprights 116 which they connect permanently carry a grid 130, which thus completely closes the corresponding lateral wall, or flank 131, of the grid. display, without projecting into it.
  • rear wall 133 may also be provided reinforcing means for the display 115, illustrated in the form of an additional amount 134 vertical, arranged between the two corresponding uprights 116 and at a distance from them for rigidly connect, between them, the longitudinal members 120, 125 and 128 without projecting inwardly of the display 115 relative to the longitudinal members 120, 125, 128 thus interconnected.
  • reinforcing means for the display 115 illustrated in the form of an additional amount 134 vertical, arranged between the two corresponding uprights 116 and at a distance from them for rigidly connect, between them, the longitudinal members 120, 125 and 128 without projecting inwardly of the display 115 relative to the longitudinal members 120, 125, 128 thus interconnected.
  • the uprights 116, the longitudinal members 125 and 128, the crosspieces 121, 126, 129 and the intermediate upright 134 are arranged so as to be flush towards the interior of the display 115, at each of the two flanks 131 of this one, of its rear facade 133 and of a front facade 135 parallel to this rear facade 133, a respective geometrical plane which thus defines inside the display 115, above the longitudinal members 120 and the crosspieces 123, a planar, vertical, respective lateral face 136, 137, 138, of rectangular general outline.
  • this inner face 138 is limited to respective parts of the longitudinal members 125 and 128 and the uprights 116, which leave a rectangular door 139 open to them inside the display 115, that is to say the bottles 2 contained by the cartridges 1 housed inside thereof, as it will appear later.
  • the door 139 has between two rectilinear vertical side edges 140 defined by the uprights 116 corresponding to the front panel 135, a width substantially equal to the dimension which separates the two uprights 16 corresponding to one and the same large side of the floor.
  • the width of the door 139 between its lateral edges 140 could also be greater than this value, which, however, is currently preferred given that it allows to play parts of the inner face 138 defined by the amounts 116 play a role in guiding the cartridges 1 inside the display 115, under conditions which will emerge from the rest of the description.
  • the door 139 is subdivided by the spar 125 into an upper half 141 and a lower half 142.
  • the upper half 141 is delimited by a rectilinear, horizontal upper edge 143, defined by the spar 128 corresponding to the front facade 135 and constituting the upper edge of the door 139 considered as a whole. Downwards, this upper half 141 is delimited by a lower edge 144 also rectilinear and horizontal, defined by the upper limit of the spar 125 corresponding to the front facade 135.
  • the lower half 142 is in turn delimited upwards by a rectilinear and horizontal upper edge 145, defined by the lower limit of the spar 125 corresponding to the front facade 135, whereas it is delimited downwards by a lower edge 146.
  • rectilinear and horizontal also constituting the lower edge of the door 139 considered as a whole and defined by an upper face 147, flat and horizontal, a flange 148 that the display 115 carries integrally, cantilevered outward, on its front facade 135, at least over the entire width of the door 139 and, preferably, as illustrated, beyond the side edges 140 of this door 139, namely continuous way from one side to the other of the flanks 131.
  • the upper face 147 of the flange 148 is located at a level higher than that of the longitudinal members 120 and crosspieces 123, namely more precisely at a vertical distance from these longitudinal members 120 and crosspieces 123 substantially equal to the vertical distance separating the floor 18 of the lower edge 52 of the skirt 51 of a cartridge 1, so that the floor 18 of a cartridge 1 resting by the lower edge 52 of its skirt 51 on the longitudinal members 120 and the cross members 123 is substantially level with the face 147 which thus coplanarly extends the floor 18 of this cartridge 1 towards the outside of the display 115.
  • the upper edge 145 of the lower half 142 of the door 139 is located at a height at least equal to that of a bottle 2 standing.
  • the face 147 defining the lower edge 146 of the lower half 141 of the door 139 is located at a level at most equal to this level and the upper edge 145 of this half 142 is located at a level corresponding at least to the height of a bottle 2, which releases access to the bottles 2 of this cartridge 1 by the lower half 141 of the door 139.
  • the lower edge 144 of the upper half 140 of the door 139 is in turn, relative to the lower edge 146 of the lower half 142, at a level substantially corresponding to the height of a cartridge 1 measured between the lower edge 52 its skirt 51 and frame 11 of upper frame, consisting of the longitudinal members 12 and the crosspieces 13 and 14, so that the floor 18 of another cartridge 1 resting, under the mutual stacking conditions of the cartridges previously described, on the aforementioned cartridge 1, resting itself on the longitudinal members 120 and crosspieces 123 by the lower edge 52 of its skirt 51, is located approximately level with this edge 144.
  • the upper edge 143 of the upper half 141 of the door 139 is in turn, with respect to this edge 144, at a level at least equal to the height of a bottle 2 standing upright on the floor 18 of the cartridge 1 top of the stack, which frees the access to the bottles 2 of the cartridge 1 by the upper half 140 of the door 139.
  • the upper edge 143 considered as the upper edge of the door 139, is located with respect to the lower edge 146, considered as the lower edge thereof, at a level which corresponds at least to the height a bottle 2 standing, increased by the height of a cartridge 1.
  • the sizing of the various components of the display 115 is within the normal abilities of a person skilled in the art.
  • the flange 148 is constituted by the juxtaposition, in a transverse, horizontal direction, of a first rectilinear longitudinal tube 149, preferably having a circular cross-section, of a longitudinal rectilinear slideway 150 having, for example, the shape an upwardly open U-profile, and a second longitudinal rectilinear tube 151, preferably having a circular cross-section like the tube 149.
  • the tube 149 is directly adjacent to the front facade 135 of the display 115, and the tube 151 defines the limit of the rim 148 in the direction of a distance from the front panel 135.
  • the front facade 135 of the display unit 115 carries, cantilevered outwardly thereof, by the spar 128 corresponding to this front facade 135, a second flange 152 also horizontal , extending preferably as the flange 148 from one to the other of the sides 131 of the display 115, and this rim 152 carries, directly above the slide 150, a slide 151 also rectilinear and longitudinal, constituted by a channel U open downward, that is to say facing the profile constituting the slide 150.
  • the flange 152 considered as a whole, including the slide 151, is located at a level higher than that of the upper edge 143 of the door 139, so as not to hinder the passage of the bottles 2 through it.
  • the two slides 150 and 151 ensure the longitudinal sliding guide, along the front panel 135, of two leaves 153, 154, identical to the details of execution, allowing the door 139 to be completely closed or to be opened earlier. a part that is closest to one of the uprights 116 delimiting the front façade 135, sometimes a part that is closest to the other upright 116 of the front façade 135, as shown respectively by the figures 6 , 7 and 10 .
  • each of the leaves 153, 154 advantageously made in welded construction like the rest of the display 115, comprises a rigid frame 155, 156 flat, rectangular, vertical, consisting of two rectilinear vertical uprights 157, 158 connected to each other at their lower ends and their upper ends, by crosspieces 159, 160, horizontal, and at a mean level by an additional cross 161, 162 also horizontal.
  • Each frame thus formed is integrally closed by a grid 163, 164 which can itself bear solidarity, outside the display 115, a panel 165, 166 of identification of the gas or indication of the characteristics of the conditioned gas in the bottles 2.
  • Each of the crosspieces 159, 160 has the shape of a U-shaped section open towards the outside of the corresponding frame 155, 156, that is to say downwards as regards the crosspieces 159, 160 below, and towards the top with regard to the crosspieces 159, 160 upper, and internally contains rollers not shown bearing on the upper free edge 164, 165 of one of the wings of the profile 150, with regard to the cross members 159, 160 below , and on a free lower edge, respectively corresponding, of one, respective, of two wings not shown of the slide 151, as regards the cross members 159, 160 upper. Since the free edge 164 is closer to the front facade 135 than the free edge 165, the leaf 153 thus runs directly along this front facade 135, which the leaf 154 runs through this leaf 153.
  • each of the amounts 157, 158 for this purpose, that is to say the choice of the height of each of the leaves 153, 154 is within the normal abilities of a person skilled in the art; considering the previously described positions of the flanges 148 and 152, this height of each of the leaves 153 and 154 is at least equal to the height of the door 139, measured between its lower edge 146 and its upper edge 143.
  • each of the leaves 153, 154 that is to say the length of the crosspieces 159, 160 is in turn substantially equal to half the width of the door 139 measured between its lateral edges 140, which allows to completely close the door 139, as shown in the figure 6 , placing the leaves 153 and 154 so that one of their amounts 157, 158 adjacent a respective lateral edge 140 of the door 139 and that they are mutually adjacent by the other of their amounts 157, 158.
  • the two leaves 153, 154 can be locked relative to the display 115, in this closed position of the door 139, for example by means of a suitable lock 161 provided on that of the uprights 158 of the leaf 154 which then comes adjoin an amount 157 of the leaf 153, at a level corresponding to that of the spar 125; we can then choose the lock 161 of a type to engage in a hole 162 provided in a central position on the spar 125 in the front panel 135, a bolt forming a pin which, moreover, passes next to the amount 157 aforesaid leaf 153 or through a hole of this amount 157, as will readily be understood by a man of the job.
  • this type of lock is only a non-limiting example, and other choices may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.
  • the leaves 153, 154 can be provided with any means to facilitate their movement along the slides 150 and 151, and there is for example illustrated a handle not referenced on the amount 157 of the leaf 153 which adjoins a lateral edge 140 of the door 139 in the closed position and on the amount 158 of the leaf 154 which adjoins the other amount 157 of the leaf 153 in the closed position.
  • the introduction of cartridges 1 full bottles 2 full of liquefied petroleum gas is carried out by means of the hoist such as a crane 82 and the rudder 84 according to the invention, by introduction and sliding from top to bottom in the display stand 115.
  • the display 115 has in an upper end zone, namely essentially protruding above the longitudinal members 128 and sleepers 129, means 167 forming a hopper converging downwards, to facilitate accurate progressive centering of each cartridge 1 as it descends to the interior of the display 115 after a more or less approximate initial centering.
  • these hopper means 167 are located on the back cover 133 of the display 115 as well as in areas of the flanks 131 thereof immediately adjacent to this rear facade 133, FIG. that is to say in the immediate vicinity of the connecting corners of this rear facade 133 with the flanks 131.
  • these means 167 thus comprise, in the immediate vicinity of each of these corners, a respective flat wall 168, integral with the corresponding spar 128 and extending upwardly the rear wall 133 of the display 115. More specifically, each of wall 168 is parallel to the front panel 135 and presents towards it, that is to say towards the plinth of the display 115, a respective flat face 169 coplanar with the flat face that constitute, towards the interior of the display 115, the spars 125 and 128 and the uprights 116 corresponding to the back cover 133, as well as the amount 134.
  • These means 167 forming hopper further comprise a respective planar surface 170 constituting an upper end zone of another respective wall, constituted by a respective flat iron 171 fixed by one of its edges on the face 169 and on the corresponding upright 116, so that the faces 170 diverge mutually upward, being mutually symmetrical with respect to the plane 59.
  • Each flat iron 171 is extended downward inside the display 115, being fixed by its edge on the corresponding upright 116, to constitute inside the display 115 a respective vertical slide 172, raised inwardly. of the display 115 relative to the face 136 of the corresponding flank 131, to ensure a guide of each cartridge 1 vertical sliding inside the display 115.
  • the two slides 172 thus defined are mutually parallel and spaced apart by a substantially equal distance, although slightly greater than a functional clearance of the order of a few centimeters, to the overall external length of a cartridge 1, measured at the level of its brackets 23.
  • each slide 172 is constituted by a flat face of the flat iron 171 corresponding, this face extending parallel to the plane face 136 that constitutes, towards the interior of the display 115, the corresponding flank 131, forming a protrusion relative at this face 136 of the flank 131, from a lower end located a few centimeters below the level at which the hook brackets 23 of the cartridge 1 located in the lower position are located inside the display 115 when the latter is resting by the lower edge 52 of its skirt 51 on the side members 120 and 123 cross members, as the show it figure 9 up to an upper end located a few centimeters below the longitudinal members 128 and sleepers 129, where the iron 171 is bent so that above this level, the respective guide face 170 extends the corresponding face 172 .
  • each face 170 thus extends, upwardly, to a second fold of the respective iron 171, from which it has another plane face 173, shorter and more inclined than the face 170, so that the faces 173 of the two irons 171 deviate from each other, upwards, more pronounced than the faces 170, to a respective upper end corresponding to a free end corresponding iron 171, located a few centimeters below a horizontal upper edge, not referenced, of the corresponding plate 168, as shown more particularly by the figure 8 .
  • the uprights 116 corresponding to the front facade 135 may present, in an upper end zone, a slight upward flexion in the direction of a distance from the rear facade 133 , more in order to prevent their damage and that of the lower edge 52 of the skirt 51 of a cartridge 1 in case of brutal approach, after initial positioning too imprecise cartridge 1 to be inserted in the display.
  • the cartridges 1 according to the invention are deposited on the tray 176 of the truck 83, preferably in the form of mutually juxtaposed piles of two cartridges 1 mutually superimposed under the previously described conditions , so that the lower edge 52 of the skirt 51 of the lower cartridge 1 of each stack lies flat on the tray 176 of the truck, and that the short sides of the floor, that is to say the barriers 20 most short, are turned towards the longitudinal edges 180 of the plate 176, to allow if necessary, for example in case of failure of the hoist 82, access to the interior of the cartridges 1 under the same conditions as the inside standardized traps, after placing at least one of the their barriers 20, temporarily, in the high position of release of the bottles 2.
  • the truck 83 is also to carry racks 54 according to the invention, stacked with cartridges 1 according to the invention, the latter are preferably placed above since they are intended to be unloaded from the truck 83 on the sites. their intended marketing, unlike the lockers 54 according to the invention which, in principle, are intended to remain on the tray 176 of the truck to be unloaded from their full bottles and loaded empty bottles manually, at each marketing site, after having placed at least one of their barriers 67 in the release position of the bottles 2, under conditions similar to the conditions of use of the standardized bins.
  • the loading of the tray 176 into cartridges according to the invention 1 can be carried out by any means, namely for example by means of the crane 82 and the spreader 84 according to the invention, but it is preferred to use a forklift truck each branch engages between the irons 122 of a respective cartridge 1, so that a same carriage simultaneously transports two of these cartridges, intended to be mutually juxtaposed, at the same level, on the tray 176 of the truck 83 .
  • the crane 82 can be placed in any rest position but it prefers a position illustrated in the figure 13 , in which it engages, by the rudder 84 which it is preferably permanently equipped and which is then in the state described with reference to the figure 18 with the frame 11 rigid upper frame of one of the cartridges 1 according to the invention placed in the upper position during stacking, namely more precisely by anchoring hooks 105 under the intermediate cross members 14 of this frame 11 and support of the centering tabs 179 against the longitudinal members 12 of this frame 11, as shown in FIG. figure 13 .
  • the driver stabilizes his truck then, if the cartridge 1 on which the lifter 84 according to the invention was initially anchored is not intended to be delivered to this marketing site, it returns by action on the remote control unit 175 the rudder 84 to a state in which the centering tabs 179 occupy their maximum mutual approximation position, as well as the hooks 105, which releases the rudder 84 of the cartridge 1.
  • the driver raises the lifter 84 then, after having if necessary appropriately reoriented about its axis 95, lowers the cartridge 1 has according to the invention, filled with bottles 2 a full, which must be delivered to the marketing site in question; if a plurality of cartridges according to the invention must be delivered to this site, the cartridge 1a is the first of those cartridges to be delivered.
  • the crane 82 in its movements of lifting and lowering of the rudder 84, away from or approaching it with respect to the plate 176 of the truck 83, and pivoting about a vertical axis, not shown. , with respect to this plate 176, is remotely controlled from the housing 175, in the same way as the rudder 84 in the relative movements of its components, described with reference to the Figures 16 to 18 .
  • a radio remote control that avoids the disadvantages, particularly in terms of limiting the positioning of the driver during the handling of the cartridges 1, which would result from the presence of a remote control cable.
  • the driver causes the tabs 179 to move to their maximum mutual distance position, as shown in FIG. figure 17 , then it causes the passage of the hooks 105 to their maximum mutual distance position, described with reference to the figure 18 , Which firmly anchor the lifter 84 to the frame 11a of the cartridge 1 upper frame has to be delivered.
  • the driver causes the joint lifting of the spreader 84 and the cartridge 1 with a crane 82, he then pivots before descending the cartridge 1 has the soil and deposit the bottom edge her skirt.
  • the driver releases the lifter 84 of the upper frame part 11a of the cartridge 1 has, then it causes the lifting of the spreader 84 by means of the crane 82 and movement thereof adapted to move the lifting beam 84 to plumb with the display 115, namely more precisely in a position such that the axis 95 passes through the geometric center of the frame 11b of upper frame of the cartridge 1b , which is located in the upper position inside the display 115 and that it will be assumed that at least the majority of the bottles are empty, so that it must be replaced by a new cartridge full of full bottles.
  • the driver then rotates the rudder 84 about the axis 95, relative to the crane 82, to bring it, relative to the frame 11b of upper frame of the cartridge 1b , in the orientation described with reference to the figure 16 , before lowering the rudder 84, by means of the crane 82, until the frame 86 rests on the cross members of the upper frame frame 11b , under the conditions described with reference to FIG. figure 16 .
  • the driver can then cause the movements of mutual distance tabs 179, at first, and hooks 105, in a second step, described with reference to figures 17 and 18 , which anchors the rudder 84 on the upper frame frame 11b of the cartridge 1b .
  • the mobile barrier 24 b associated with one of the long sides of the floor 18b of the cartridge 1b is in the upper position cylinders release 2b , whereas the barriers 20b associated with the short sides of this floor 18b are generally in the peripheral enclosing position of these bottles.
  • the driver manually returns the barrier 24b to the position of peripheral confinement of the bottles 2b which, thus, are enclosed laterally by any go.
  • the driver can then safely raise the lifter 84 and the cartridge 1b together by means of the crane 82 as shown in FIG. figure 14 until the cartridge 1b is completely removed from the display 115, and then this cartridge 1b is brought back to the tray 176 of the truck 83, instead of the cartridge 1 previously taken from this plate 176, or the cartridge 1b is deposited. ground by the lower edge of its skirt, adjacent to the cartridge 1 has, as has been shown in figure 15 .
  • the cartridge 1a or each of the cartridges 1a and 1d to replace a cartridge 1 b or 1 c or both cartridges 1b and 1c initially present within the display 115 has been discharged from the tray 176 of the truck, it can be replaced, on this plate 176, by the or one of the cartridges 1b , 1c , full of bottles 2b , 2c , at least the majority of which is empty, for the or return thereafter to centralized filling or storage site.
  • the driver causes supported by the lifter 84, the cartridge 1 has full bottles 2 a solid, or one of the cartridges 1 a , 1 d , full of bottles 2 a , 2 d full, namely for example the cartridge 1 has , to bring it from the ground up inside the display 115.
  • the driver causes a lifting means of the crane 82, of the assembly then consists of the lifter 84 and the cartridge 1 has , to bring it in line with the display 115 before, if necessary, to orient it about the axis 95 relative to the crane 82, so that the cartridge 1 has the orientation that it must have inside the display 115, that is to say, an orientation in which its movable side barrier 24 is corresponding to a long side of the floor 18 a corresponds to the front panel 135 of the display 115.
  • the driver then controls the crane 82 so that the cartridge 1 has come to be pressed by the portion of the skirt corresponding to the other long side of the floor 18a against the support faces 169 of the two plates 164, to the rear of the display 115, and the parts of this skirt which correspond to the short sides of the floor 18 has come to be placed between the faces 173 or the faces 170 of the flat bars 171.
  • the driver is then certain that by lowering the cartridge 1 has vertically inside the display 115, it will avoid to the maximum the risk of jamming, and the cartridge 1a, reaching instead of the cartridge 1 c, being Guided by the faces, forming a slide 172, flat irons 171, will fit through the skirt 51 on the tabs 124 and rest in a centered position on the longitudinal members 120 and cross 123 of the display 115.
  • the driver can then cause the raising of the lifter 84 for the exit of the display 115 and possibly come to support and introduce in this display 115, in the same conditions, the other cartridge 1 d .
  • each cartridge 1a, 1d and inserted into the display 115 is accessible after opening one of the doors 153, 154 thereof, which enables to place the barrier such as 24 a, associated with a long side its floor as 18a, bottles release position 2 a, 2 corresponding d, operation which is carried out manually.
  • the rudder 84 is left anchored on the rigid upper frame frame of one of the cartridges according to the invention 1 carried by the tray 176 of the truck 83 for the rest of the tour thereof, which it resumes after removal of stabilization.
  • the truck brings back to the centralized filling or storage site the cartridges according to the invention 1, full of bottles 2 which are at least mostly empty, and these cartridges are unloaded according to the invention 1 , as well as the bins according to the invention 54, to empty them of their bottles and replace them with full bottles under the conditions already described.
  • the leaf 153, 154 is opened so as to disengage one of the bottles 2 full which, if it corresponds to the cartridge placed in the lower position , i.e. in the described example the cartridge 1 can be easily derived to the extent that the upper face 147 of the flange 148 of the display 115 extends its floor 18 has outwardly level or substantially level, as illustrated it at the figure 12 .
  • the tubes 149, 151 facilitate the passage of the bottle 2 has a floor 18 to the upper face 147 of the flange 148, protecting the free upper edges 164, 165 of the wings of the slider 150.
  • the cylinder 2a can thus be sufficiently out of the cartridge 1 a and the display 115 so that the customer, or a seller, can take it in good conditions by the handle not shown equipping its upper sleeve 4 a .
  • the upper face 147 of the rim 148 allows the bottle to be placed upright by its bottom, before releasing its handle and sliding this bottle, particularly simply, towards the inside of the display 115 and the cartridge 1 a .
  • the leaves 153, 154 can be closed and locked by means of the lock 161.
  • some marketing sites may not have the display 115, for example if sales of liquefied petroleum gas are low, or if they have an enclosure closed or guarded to dispense with such a display 115.
  • the locked barrier 24 is left in its position of peripheral confinement of the bottles, by means of a suitable lock, as has been previously described, and the same procedure is applied as regards the barriers. 20 when they are also mobile.
  • a cartridge 1 according to the invention offers complete safety against stolen bottles 2, and its conditions of use are almost as comfortable as when it is associated with a display 115 according to the invention. 'invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Stackable Containers (AREA)
  • Warehouses Or Storage Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The method involves storing filled liquefied petroleum gas bottles (2) in a cartridge (1), on a marketing site, such that the number of rows is lower than number of bottles per row. The bottles are unloaded by unloading a model of the cartridge from a platform body (176) of a vehicle (83). A lateral bar (24) of the cartridge oriented parallel to rows is moved from a bottles peripheral closing position to a bottles releasing position. Independent claims are also included for the following: (A) a cartridge (B) a cross-bar (C) a rack for storing and transporting liquefied petroleum gas bottles (D) a display case for implementing a method of distributing liquefied petroleum gas bottles.

Description

La présente invention concerne un procédé de distribution de bouteilles de gaz de pétrole liquéfié, comportant une succession d'étapes au cours desquelles, respectivement :

  1. a) sur un site centralisé, on range un même premier nombre déterminé de bouteilles mutuellement identiques, pleines, debout, dans des cartouches mutuellement identiques dont chacune présente la forme d'un parallélépipède rectangle comportant un plancher rectangulaire, sur lequel on fait reposer les bouteilles, par leur fond, en un même deuxième nombre déterminé de rangées, mutuellement juxtaposées, d'un même troisième nombre déterminé de bouteilles, mutuellement juxtaposées, et quatre barrières latérales qui bordent le plancher par un côté respectif de celui-ci et enferment périphériquement les bouteilles,
  2. b) on transporte un groupe d'au moins une cartouche, contenant ledit premier nombre déterminé de bouteilles pleines, du site centralisé à un site respectif de commercialisation individuelle des bouteilles, en le faisant reposer sur le plateau d'un véhicule,
  3. c) sur le site de commercialisation, on décharge les bouteilles pleines.
The present invention relates to a method for dispensing bottles of liquefied petroleum gas, comprising a succession of steps during which, respectively:
  1. a) at a centralized site, the same first determined number of mutually identical, solid, upright bottles are stored in mutually identical cartridges, each of which has the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped comprising a rectangular floor on which the bottles are placed. , by their bottom, in the same second determined number of rows, mutually juxtaposed, of the same third determined number of bottles, mutually juxtaposed, and four lateral barriers which border the floor by a respective side thereof and peripherally lock the bottles,
  2. b) transporting a group of at least one cartridge, containing said first determined number of full bottles, from the centralized site to a respective site of individual marketing bottles, by resting it on the tray of a vehicle,
  3. (c) at the marketing site, full bottles are unloaded.

Un tel procédé est déjà connu, par exemple par FR 2762299 , considéré comme art antérieur le plus proche, et largement répandu dans un mode de mise en oeuvre selon lequel un casier standardisé faisant office de cartouche, susceptible de recevoir par exemple cinq rangées mutuellement juxtaposées de sept bouteilles mutuellement juxtaposées, est chargé en bouteilles pleines sur un site centralisé, qui peut être un site de remplissage ou un site de stockage intermédiaire de bouteilles pleines. A cet effet, une première et une deuxième des barrières latérales du casier, correspondant aux côtés du plancher orientés perpendiculairement aux rangées, c'est-à-dire aux petits côtés du plancher, sont mobiles de façon à pouvoir être amenées d'une position d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles à une position de libération des bouteilles, puis ramenées à leur position d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles.Such a method is already known, for example by FR 2762299 , regarded as the closest prior art, and widely used in an embodiment according to which a standardized rack acting as a cartridge, capable of receiving for example five rows juxtaposed juxtaposed seven bottles mutually juxtaposed, is loaded in full bottles on a centralized site, which can be a filling site or an intermediate storage site for full bottles. For this purpose, first and second barriers side of the bin, corresponding to the sides of the floor oriented perpendicular to the rows, that is to say the short sides of the floor, are movable so as to be brought from a peripheral position of the bottles to a position of release bottles, then brought back to their position of peripheral confinement of the bottles.

Ensuite, le casier est chargé sur le plateau d'un camion, généralement en plusieurs exemplaires mutuellement juxtaposés et mutuellement superposés, dans une orientation dans laquelle chacune des barrières mobiles, en position d'enfermement des bouteilles, est tournée vers l'un des côtés du camion.Then, the bin is loaded on the tray of a truck, usually in several copies mutually juxtaposed and mutually superimposed, in an orientation in which each of the movable barriers, in the closed position of the bottles, is turned towards one of the sides of the truck.

Celui-ci entreprend alors une tournée des sites de commercialisation, sur chacun desquels le chauffeur du camion procède à l'ouverture de l'une ou l'autre des barrières mobiles d'un ou plusieurs casiers, puis :

  • décharge manuellement, une à une, les bouteilles pleines en un nombre requis par les besoins du site de commercialisation,
  • extrait manuellement d'étagères ou de cages présentes sur ce site, une à une, des bouteilles vides en un nombre équivalent,
  • leur substitue manuellement les bouteilles pleines, une à une, dans les étagères ou les cages,
  • charge manuellement les bouteilles vides, une à une, dans les casiers, dans lesquels ces bouteilles vides se substituent aux bouteilles pleines déchargées, puis
  • replace la ou chaque barrière mobile dans sa position d'enfermement des bouteilles pour partir vers le site de commercialisation suivant.
He then undertakes a tour of the marketing sites, on each of which the driver of the truck proceeds to open one or the other of the movable barriers of one or more lockers, then:
  • manually unloads, one by one, the full bottles in a number required by the needs of the marketing site,
  • manually extracted from shelves or cages present on this site, one by one, empty bottles in an equivalent number,
  • manually replace the full bottles, one by one, in the shelves or cages,
  • Manually loads the empty bottles, one by one, in the bins, in which these empty bottles are substituted for the unloaded full bottles, then
  • replace the or each movable barrier in its bottling position to go to the next marketing site.

Après qu'il ait terminé sa tournée, le camion, dont chaque casier est alors généralement chargé de cinq rangées de sept bouteilles vides dans l'exemple précité, revient sur le site centralisé, où les casiers ainsi chargés de bouteilles vides sont déchargés du camion et acheminés vers une installation généralement automatique où, après avoir replacé l'une ou chacune des barrières mobiles précitées en position de libération des bouteilles, on pousse les bouteilles vides hors du casier, par un mouvement de glissement sur le plancher de celui-ci, suivant une direction parallèle aux rangées, puis on introduit de nouvelles bouteilles pleines dans le casier par un mouvement similaire, avant de replacer la ou chaque barrière mobile en position d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles et de recharger chaque casier sur le plateau d'un camion pour une nouvelle tournée de livraison sur les sites de commercialisation.After he has finished his tour, the truck, each of which is then generally loaded with five rows of seven empty bottles in the example above, returns to the centralized site, where the bins loaded with empty bottles are unloaded from the truck. and routed to a generally automatic installation where, after having replaced one or each of the aforementioned movable barriers in the bottle release position, the empty bottles are pushed out of the rack by a sliding movement on the floor thereof, in a direction parallel to the rows, then we introduce new full bottles in the locker by a similar movement, before replacing the or each movable barrier in peripheral position of the bottles and reload each locker on the tray of a truck for a new delivery tour on marketing sites.

On comprendra aisément que les opérations de déchargement des bouteilles pleines et de chargement des bouteilles vides sur chaque site de commercialisation sont pénibles et fastidieuses, et ceci d'autant plus qu'elles obligent le chauffeur du camion à pénétrer parfois relativement loin à l'intérieur d'un casier, entre les rangées de bouteilles, dans des conditions particulièrement inconfortables surtout si l'on tient compte du poids des bouteilles, en particulier lorsqu'elles sont pleines. Il s'agit en outre d'un travail dangereux puisqu'il n'est pas rare qu'en raison des positions inconfortables dans lesquelles le chauffeur se trouve parfois et compte tenu de la fatigue qui s'accumule, une bouteille tombe et blesse le chauffeur.It will be readily understood that the unloading operations of the full bottles and empty bottles loading on each marketing site are painful and tedious, and all the more so because they force the driver of the truck to sometimes penetrate relatively far inside. a rack, between the rows of bottles, in particularly uncomfortable conditions especially considering the weight of the bottles, especially when they are full. It is also dangerous work because it is not uncommon that because of the uncomfortable positions in which the driver is sometimes and taking into account the fatigue that accumulates, a bottle falls and wounds the driver.

En outre, l'opération d'échange des bouteilles vides par des bouteilles pleines sur chaque site de commercialisation peut certes s'effectuer rapidement en début de tournée, c'est-à-dire lorsque le chauffeur est encore dispos, mais elle peut demander beaucoup plus de temps en fin de tournée, une fois la fatigue accumulée.In addition, the operation of exchange empty bottles by full bottles on each marketing site can certainly be done quickly at the beginning of the tour, that is to say when the driver is still available, but it can ask a lot more time at the end of the tour, once the accumulated fatigue.

Le but de la présente invention est de remédier à ces inconvénients et, à cet effet, la présente invention propose un procédé qui, tout en reprenant les étapes précitées, se caractérise à la fois en ce que l'on met en oeuvre l'étape a en faisant en sorte que le nombre de rangées soit inférieur au nombre de bouteilles par rangée et en ce que l'on met en oeuvre l'étape c en déchargeant du plateau du véhicule au moins un exemplaire d'une première cartouche, contenant ledit premier nombre déterminé de bouteilles pleines, et en déplaçant ensuite une première barrière latérale de la première cartouche, orientée parallèlement auxdites rangées, d'une position d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles à une position de libération des bouteilles.The object of the present invention is to remedy these drawbacks and, to this end, the present invention proposes a method which, while taking up the aforementioned steps, is characterized both in that the step is implemented. by making the number of rows less than the number of bottles per row and in that step c is carried out by discharging from the vehicle bed at least one copy of a first cartridge, containing said first determined number of full bottles, and then moving a first lateral barrier of the first cartridge, oriented parallel to said rows, from a position of peripheral confinement of the bottles to a bottle release position.

Cependant, l'invention concerne selon un premier aspect un .However, according to a first aspect, the invention relates to a.

En relation avec un tel procédé, elle propose une cartouche présentant la forme d'un parallélépipède rectangle comportant un plancher rectangulaire, de dimensions en plan correspondant à un premier nombre déterminé de bouteilles mutuellement identiques, debout, réparties en un deuxième nombre déterminé de rangées, mutuellement juxtaposées, d'un même troisième nombre déterminé de bouteilles, mutuellement juxtaposées, et quatre barrières latérales qui bordent le plancher par un côté respectif de celui-ci, et dont une première peut être placée à volonté dans une position d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles ou dans une position de libération des bouteilles, caractérisée à la fois en ce que les dimensions du plancher, en plan, correspondent à un nombre de rangées inférieur au nombre de bouteilles par rangée et en ce que la première barrière est orientée parallèlement auxdites rangées.In connection with such a method, it proposes a cartridge having the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped comprising a rectangular floor, of plan dimensions corresponding to a first determined number of mutually identical bottles standing, distributed in a second predetermined number of rows, mutually juxtaposed, of the same third determined number of bottles, mutually juxtaposed, and four lateral barriers which border the floor by a respective side thereof, and a first can be placed at will in a position of peripheral confinement of bottles or in a bottle release position, characterized in that the dimensions of the floor, in plan, correspond to a number of rows less than the number of bottles per row and in that the first barrier is oriented parallel to said rows .

Dans la mesure où le site de commercialisation livré lors de la mise en oeuvre de l'étape c du procédé selon l'invention l'a déjà été antérieurement de la même façon, c'est-à-dire dans la mesure où au moins un exemplaire d'une deuxième cartouche s'y trouve déjà et où au moins certaines des bouteilles pleines qui s'y trouvaient lorsqu'elle a été mise en place sur ce site de commercialisation ont été vendues et remplacées par des bouteilles vides en nombre identique, l'étape c ne se limite généralement pas à décharger du plateau du véhicule au moins un exemplaire d'une première cartouche remplie de bouteilles pleines, mais elle consiste plutôt en une substitution d'une première cartouche à la ou chaque deuxième cartouche, de telle sorte que le véhicule qui livre les cartouches de bouteilles pleines sur les sites de commercialisation assure également le retour des cartouches contenant des bouteilles vides au site centralisé, sur lequel on procèdera à un regarnissage de ces cartouches en bouteilles pleines avant une nouvelle tournée de livraison. Ainsi, de préférence, lors de cette étape c, on charge par ailleurs sur le plateau du véhicule au moins un exemplaire d'une deuxième cartouche, déchargée sur le site de commercialisation lors d'une mise en oeuvre précédente du procédé et contenant ledit premier nombre déterminé de bouteilles mutuellement identiques dont au moins certaines sont vides, après avoir déplacé la première barrière correspondante de la position de libération des bouteilles à la position d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles.Inasmuch as the marketing site delivered during the implementation of step c of the process according to the invention has already been previously in the same way, that is to say insofar as at least a copy of a second cartridge is already there and where at least some of the full bottles that were there when it was set up on this site have been sold and replaced by empty bottles in identical numbers , step c is not generally limited to unloading from the vehicle tray at least one copy of a first cartridge filled with full bottles, but rather it consists of in a substitution of a first cartridge for the or each second cartridge, so that the vehicle delivering the full bottle cartridges on the marketing sites also ensures the return of cartridges containing empty bottles to the centralized site, on which one will reline these cartridges in full bottles before a new delivery round. Thus, preferably, during this step c, is also loaded on the vehicle tray at least one copy of a second cartridge, unloaded on the marketing site during a previous implementation of the process and containing said first defined number of mutually identical bottles, at least some of which are empty, after moving the corresponding first barrier from the bottle release position to the peripheral enclosing position of the bottles.

L'invention concerne également une .The invention also relates to a.

En d'autres termes, une fois arrivé sur un site de commercialisation, le chauffeur n'a pas à décharger une à une les bouteilles pleines pour recharger une à une les bouteilles vides, mais il décharge du plateau du camion une cartouche pleine de bouteilles pleines pour la remplacer par une cartouche pleine de bouteilles qui, de préférence, sont toutes vides ou, au minimum, sont vides dans leur majorité, étant entendu que la fréquence des livraisons sur chaque site de commercialisation peut être aisément adaptée aux besoins pour faire en sorte que le nombre de bouteilles pleines ainsi éventuellement présentes dans les cartouches rechargées sur le plateau du camion soit aussi faible que possible.In other words, once arrived at a marketing site, the driver does not have to unload one by one the full bottles to reload one by one the empty bottles, but it unloads from the tray of the truck a cartridge full of bottles to replace it with a full cartridge of bottles, which are preferably all empty or, at a minimum, are empty for the most part, it being understood that the frequency of deliveries at each marketing site can easily be adapted to the needs of so that the number of full bottles thus possibly present in the cartridges refilled on the tray of the truck is as low as possible.

Ainsi, dès lors qu'il dispose d'un engin de levage approprié pour les cartouches, le travail du chauffeur sur chaque site de commercialisation se résume à la substitution d'une cartouche à une autre, sur le plateau du camion, ce qui rend son travail beaucoup moins pénible et beaucoup moins dangereux, et peut s'effectuer pratiquement aussi rapidement en fin de tournée qu'en début de tournée, puisque la fatigue du chauffeur est bien moindre.Thus, since it has a suitable lifting device for the cartridges, the work of the driver at each marketing site is reduced to the substitution of one cartridge to another on the truck tray, which makes its work much less painful and much less dangerous, and can be done almost as quickly at the end of the tour as at the beginning of the tour, since the driver's fatigue is much less.

Certes, c'est alors le client final des bouteilles ou le personnel de vente du site de commercialisation qui doit aller chercher les bouteilles pleines dans les cartouches et leur substituer les bouteilles vides, alors que la première barrière se trouve en positon de libération des bouteilles, mais les proportions de la cartouche selon l'invention et le positionnement de la première barrière latérale parallèlement aux rangées, c'est-à-dire le long d'un grand côté du plancher de la cartouche, facilitent considérablement cet accès. Ainsi, selon un mode de mise en oeuvre préféré du procédé selon l'invention, correspondant à un mode de réalisation préféré d'une cartouche selon l'invention, on met en oeuvre l'étape a en rangeant les bouteilles pleines, debout, en deux rangées parallèles à ladite première barrière, auquel cas les dimensions du plancher de la cartouche, en plan, correspondent à ces deux rangées parallèles à ladite première barrière. Ce nombre de rangées parallèles à la première barrière ne constitue cependant qu'un exemple non limitatif, mais il est actuellement considéré comme un optimum d'une part en termes de facilité d'accès et d'autre part en termes de compatibilité des cartouches selon l'invention avec les installations existantes de chargement des casiers standardisés en bouteilles pleines et de déchargement des casiers en bouteilles vides et avec un empilement des cartouches selon l'invention, par paire, avec des casiers standardisés, dans des conditions que l'on peut favoriser par des dispositions préférées qui apparaîtront par la suite. A cet égard, on préfère également, actuellement, que chaque rangée compte sept bouteilles, comme chaque rangée d'un casier conforme à l'exemple précité, et les dimensions du plancher de la cartouche, en plan, correspondent à ces sept bouteilles par rangée, ce nombre n'étant également indiqué qu'à titre d'exemple non limitatif.Of course, it is then the final customer of the bottles or the sales staff of the marketing site who has to fetch the full bottles from the cartridges and replace them with the empty bottles, while the first barrier is in the bottle release position. , but the proportions of the cartridge according to the invention and the positioning of the first lateral barrier parallel to the rows, that is to say along a large side of the floor of the cartridge, greatly facilitate this access. Thus, according to a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, corresponding to a preferred embodiment of a cartridge according to the invention, step a is implemented by storing the bottles standing, standing, two rows parallel to said first barrier, in which case the dimensions of the floor of the cartridge, in plan, correspond to these two rows parallel to said first barrier. This number of rows parallel to the first barrier is however only a non-limiting example, but it is currently considered an optimum on the one hand in terms of ease of access and on the other hand in terms of compatibility of the cartridges according to the invention with the existing facilities for loading standardized bins in full bottles and unloading empties in empty bottles and with a stack of cartridges according to the invention, in pairs, with standardized bins, under conditions that can be favor by preferred dispositions that will appear later. In this regard, it is also currently preferred that each row has seven bottles, as each row of a rack according to the above example, and the dimensions of the floor of the cartridge, in plan, correspond to these seven bottles. per row, this number being also indicated only as a non-limiting example.

Naturellement, en fonction des besoins sur le site de commercialisation, on peut mettre en oeuvre l'étape c du procédé selon l'invention en déchargeant successivement du plateau du véhicule plusieurs exemplaires de ladite première cartouche, auquel cas, de préférence, on les empile sur le site de commercialisation ; à cet effet, un mode de réalisation préféré d'une cartouche selon l'invention se caractérise en ce que celle-ci comporte des moyens d'empilage avec d'autres cartouches identiques.Naturally, according to the needs on the marketing site, it is possible to implement step c of the method according to the invention by successively discharging from the vehicle tray several copies of said first cartridge, in which case, preferably, they are stacked on the marketing site; for this purpose, a preferred embodiment of a cartridge according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises stacking means with other identical cartridges.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré d'une cartouche selon l'invention, ces moyens d'empilage avec d'autres cartouches identiques comportent une ossature supérieure rigide, rectangulaire, d'une forme en plan sensiblement identique à celle du plancher, des moyens de liaison rigide entre l'ossature supérieure et le plancher, un taquet de centrage formant une saillie vers le haut respectivement à chaque coin de l'ossature supérieure, et une dépression à chaque coin du plancher, en dessous de celui-ci, chaque dépression étant propre à recevoir un taquet respectif d'une autre cartouche. A cet égard, de façon particulièrement simple, on peut prévoir que le plancher de la cartouche porte solidairement une jupe périphérique, en saillie vers le bas, présentant un bord inférieur libre, situé dans un plan parallèle au plancher et définissant ladite dépression à chaque coin du plancher.According to a preferred embodiment of a cartridge according to the invention, these stacking means with other identical cartridges comprise a rigid upper frame, rectangular, a plan shape substantially identical to that of the floor, means of rigid connection between the upper frame and the floor, a centering catch forming an upward projection respectively at each corner of the upper frame, and a depression at each corner of the floor, below it, each depression being adapted to receive a respective cleat of another cartridge. In this respect, in a particularly simple manner, it can be provided that the floor of the cartridge integrally carries a peripheral skirt, projecting downwards, having a free bottom edge, located in a plane parallel to the floor and defining said depression at each corner of the floor.

En outre, en vue d'un stockage conjoint, sur le site centralisé, et d'un transport conjoint, sur le plateau d'un véhicule, de cartouches selon l'invention et de casiers de stockage et de transport de bouteilles de gaz de pétrole liquéfié conformes à l'Art antérieur, c'est-à-dire destinés à rester sur le plateau du véhicule sur le site de commercialisation et à être déchargés de bouteilles pleines et rechargés en bouteilles vides individuellement, sur ce site de commercialisation, la présente invention propose un tel casier de stockage et de transport de bouteilles de gaz de pétrole liquéfié, présentant la forme d'un parallélépipède rectangle comportant un plancher rectangulaire, de dimensions en plan correspondant à un quatrième nombre déterminé de bouteilles mutuellement identiques, debout, réparties en un cinquième nombre déterminé de rangées, mutuellement juxtaposées, d'un même sixième nombre déterminé de bouteilles, mutuellement juxtaposées, une ossature supérieure rigide, rectangulaire, d'une forme en plan sensiblement identique à celle du plancher, des moyens de liaison rigide entre l'ossature supérieure et le plancher, des moyens d'empilage avec d'autres casiers identiques, et quatre barrières latérales qui bordent le plancher par un côté respectif de celui-ci, caractérisé en ce que, en vue d'un empilage avec deux cartouches selon l'invention, placées côte à côte, le sixième nombre est choisi, en fonction du troisième nombre, de telle sorte que les rangées du casier et de la cartouche présentent une longueur hors tout approximativement identique et le cinquième nombre est choisi, en fonction du deuxième nombre, de telle sorte que les rangées du casier présentent une largeur cumulée, hors tout, supérieure mais aussi proche que possible du double de la largeur cumulée, hors tout, des rangées d'une cartouche, et en ce que les moyens d'empilage de ce casier sont compatibles avec une superposition des deux cartouches et du casier dans une orientation relative dans laquelle les rangées respectives présentent une orientation identique.In addition, with a view to joint storage, on the centralized site, and of a joint transport, on the platform of a vehicle, of cartridges according to the invention and of storage and transport bins of gas cylinders. liquefied petroleum according to the prior art, that is to say intended to remain on the vehicle tray at the marketing site and to be unloaded full bottles and reloaded empty bottles individually, at this marketing site, the present invention provides such a storage bin and transport bottles liquefied petroleum gas, having the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped having a rectangular floor, in plan dimensions corresponding to a fourth number determined mutually identical cylinders, standing, divided into a given fifth number of rows, mutually juxtaposed, of one and the same sixth determined number of bottles, mutually juxtaposed, a rigid upper frame, rectangular, of a plan shape substantially identical to that of the floor, means of rigid connection between the upper frame and the floor, stacking means with other identical lockers, and four lateral barriers which line the floor by a respective side thereof, characterized in that , with a view to stacking with two cartridges according to the invention, placed side by side, the sixth number is chosen, depending on the third number, so that the rows of the bin and the cartridge have an approximately identical overall length and the fifth number is chosen, depending on the second number, so that the rows of the bin have a cumulated width, overall, greater but as close as possible to double the cumulative width, overall, rows of a cartridge, and in that the stacking means of this rack are compatible with a superposition of two cartridges and the bin in a relative orientation in which the respective rows have an identical orientation.

Naturellement, il peut en particulier s'agir de casiers standardisés comportant cinq rangées comptant elles-mêmes sept bouteilles, ce qui est compatible avec un empilage avec deux cartouches selon l'invention comportant chacune deux rangées de sept bouteilles chacune, selon le mode de réalisation préféré précité d'une telle cartouche, si les bouteilles du casier et des cartouches sont mutuellement identiques, mais d'autres nombres et d'autres dispositions des bouteilles dans chaque cartouche selon l'invention et dans chaque casier de stockage et de transport selon l'invention pourraient être choisis, avec la même compatibilité, sans que l'on sorte pour autant du cadre de la présente invention.Naturally, it may in particular be standardized trays with five rows themselves containing seven bottles, which is compatible with a stack with two cartridges according to the invention each comprising two rows of seven bottles each, according to the embodiment mentioned above of such a cartridge, if the bottles of the rack and cartridges are mutually identical, but other numbers and other provisions of the bottles in each cartridge according to the invention and in each storage and transport locker according to the invention could be chosen, with the same compatibility, without the it is therefore within the scope of the present invention.

Ainsi, lorsque des casiers standardisés sont utilisés indifféremment pour stocker et transporter soit cinq rangées de sept bouteilles de plan circulaire, d'un même premier diamètre, soit six rangées de neuf bouteilles de plan circulaire, d'un même deuxième diamètre inférieur au premier diamètre, selon une pratique connue, ces casiers restent compatibles avec un empilage avec deux cartouches selon l'invention, dont chacune est conçue pour stocker et transporter deux rangées de sept bouteilles du premier diamètre, avec une même orientation des rangées respectives.Thus, when standardized trays are used interchangeably to store and transport either five rows of seven bottles of circular plane, of the same first diameter, or six rows of nine bottles of circular plane, of the same second diameter less than the first diameter , according to a known practice, these bins remain compatible with a stack with two cartridges according to the invention, each of which is designed to store and transport two rows of seven bottles of the first diameter, with the same orientation of the respective rows.

En vue d'un empilage d'un casier selon l'invention sur deux cartouches selon l'invention, comportant des taquets supérieurs de centrage selon le mode de réalisation préféré précité, le plancher du casier peut avantageusement porter solidairement une jupe périphérique, en saillie vers le bas, présentant un bord inférieur libre, situé dans un plan parallèle au plancher du casier et définissant à chaque coin du plancher du casier et dans une zone intermédiaire des côtés de ce plancher perpendiculaires aux rangées du casier, en dessous du plancher de celui-ci, une dépression propre à recevoir les taquets desdites deux cartouches.With a view to stacking a rack according to the invention on two cartridges according to the invention, comprising upper centering catches according to the aforementioned preferred embodiment, the floor of the rack can advantageously carry a protruding peripheral skirt. downwardly, having a free bottom edge, located in a plane parallel to the floor of the locker and defining at each corner of the floor of the locker and in an intermediate zone of the sides of the floor perpendicular to the rows of the locker, below the floor of the here, a depression adapted to receive the cleats of said two cartridges.

Cependant, l'invention concerne également un.However, the invention also relates to a.

En outre, en vue d'un empilage de deux cartouches selon l'invention sur un casier selon l'invention, dans le cas d'un mode de réalisation préféré de la cartouche selon l'invention, selon lequel le bord inférieur libre de la jupe de son plancher présente, suivant au moins une direction parallèle au plancher et perpendiculaire au côté de celui-ci correspondant à la première barrière, dans une relation de symétrie par rapport à un plan moyen de symétrie du côté du plancher correspondant à la première barrière, une encoche du côté opposé au côté correspondant à la première barrière et une continuité du côté correspondant à la première barrière, le casier selon l'invention comporte avantageusement un cadre d'ossature supérieure rigide, rectangulaire, d'une forme en plan sensiblement identique à celle du plancher du casier, des moyens de liaison rigide entre ledit cadre et le plancher du casier et, à l'intérieur dudit cadre, suivant une orientation parallèle au plancher du casier et perpendiculaire aux rangées de celui-ci, au moins un rail rigide lié rigidement au cadre, formant une nervure en relief continu au-dessus de celui-ci, à l'intérieur de celui-ci, et occupant suivant une direction parallèle au plancher du casier et aux rangées de celui-ci, dans une même relation de symétrie par rapport à un plan moyen de symétrie du cadre d'ossature supérieure, perpendiculaire au plancher du casier et perpendiculaire aux rangées de celui-ci, que l'encoche, au nombre d'au moins une, de la jupe du plancher de la cartouche, de telle sorte que la ou chaque nervure s'engage dans une encoche respective de la jupe du plancher de chaque cartouche et que cette jupe repose à plat sur le cadre du casier, du côté du plancher de la cartouche correspondant à la première barrière de la cartouche correspondante et des deux côtés du plancher de la cartouche perpendiculaires au côté de ce plancher correspondant à la première barrière. De préférence, en outre, le casier comporte, le long du ou de chaque rail, dans une zone centrale de celui-ci, une poche d'emboîtement de la jupe du plancher de chaque cartouche, au moins d'un côté de ladite encoche au nombre d'au moins une, ce qui permet d'assurer chaque cartouche sur le casier, à l'encontre d'un glissement le long de la nervure au nombre d'au moins une.In addition, in view of a stack of two cartridges according to the invention on a rack according to the invention, in the case of a preferred embodiment of the cartridge according to the invention, according to which the lower edge free of the skirt of its floor has, in at least one direction parallel to the floor and perpendicular to the side thereof corresponding to the first barrier, in a relationship of symmetry by relative to a mean plane of symmetry of the floor side corresponding to the first barrier, a notch on the opposite side to the side corresponding to the first barrier and a continuity of the side corresponding to the first barrier, the rack according to the invention advantageously comprises a frame rigid, rectangular upper frame, of a shape in plan substantially identical to that of the floor of the rack, rigid connection means between said frame and the floor of the rack and, within said frame, in an orientation parallel to the floor of the bin and perpendicular to the rows thereof, at least one rigid rail rigidly connected to the frame, forming a continuous raised rib above it, inside thereof, and occupying a direction parallel to the floor of the rack and the rows thereof, in the same relationship of symmetry with respect to a mean plane of symmetry of the upper frame frame, perpendicular the floor area of the bin and perpendicular to the rows thereof, that the notch, at least one of the skirt of the floor of the cartridge, so that the or each rib engages in a notch respective skirt of the floor of each cartridge and that this skirt rests flat on the frame of the locker, the side of the floor of the cartridge corresponding to the first barrier of the corresponding cartridge and the two sides of the floor of the cartridge perpendicular to the side of this floor corresponding to the first barrier. Preferably, in addition, the rack comprises, along the or each rail, in a central zone thereof, an interlocking pocket of the floor skirt of each cartridge, at least on one side of said notch at least one, which ensures each cartridge on the rack, against sliding along the rib at least one number.

On observera que ces dispositions caractéristiques d'un casier selon l'invention sont en tout point compatibles avec une conception similaire à celle des casiers standardisés bien connus, en particulier en ce qui concerne la présence et le positionnement de première et deuxième barrières mobiles en vue de son chargement en bouteilles pleines sur le site centralisé, de la substitution individuelle de bouteilles vides à des bouteilles pleines sur les sites de commercialisation et de son déchargement en bouteilles vides après retour sur le site centralisé, dans les conditions rappelées en préambule.It will be observed that these characteristic features of a rack according to the invention are in any point compatible with a design similar to that of standardized well-known lockers, in particular with regard to the presence and positioning of first and second movable barriers for its loading in full bottles at the centralized site, of the individual substitution of empty bottles to full bottles on the marketing sites and its unloading in empty bottles after returning to the centralized site, under the conditions recalled in the preamble.

Une cartouche selon l'invention peut quant à elle être chargée en bouteilles pleines et déchargée en bouteilles dont au moins certaines sont vides, lors de l'étape a, par le côté du plancher correspondant à sa première barrière, convenablement placée au préalable en position de libération des bouteilles, mais, en particulier si elle est dimensionnée de la façon préférée précédemment indiquée, en fonction des dimensions d'un casier standard, elle peut également être chargée et déchargée de ses bouteilles par les côtés de son plancher perpendiculaires à celui auquel correspond cette première barrière, c'est-à-dire par les petits côtés du plancher, auquel cas on peut avantageusement utiliser les mêmes moyens que pour charger un casier standardisé en bouteilles pleines et pour en décharger les bouteilles vides.A cartridge according to the invention can in turn be loaded in full bottles and discharged into bottles, at least some of which are empty, during step a, by the side of the floor corresponding to its first barrier, suitably placed beforehand in position. release of the bottles, but, especially if it is sized in the preferred manner previously indicated, depending on the dimensions of a standard locker, it can also be loaded and unloaded from its bottles by the sides of its floor perpendicular to that at which corresponds to this first barrier, that is to say by the short sides of the floor, in which case it is advantageous to use the same means as to load a standardized rack in full bottles and to unload the empty bottles.

A cet effet, dans un mode de réalisation préféré d'une cartouche selon l'invention, une deuxième barrière, correspondant à un côté du fond perpendiculaire à celui auquel correspond la première barrière, peut être placée à volonté dans une position d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles ou dans une position de libération des bouteilles et, de façon encore préférée, une troisième barrière, correspondant à un côté du fond opposé à celui auquel correspond la deuxième barrière, peut être placée à volonté dans une position d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles ou dans une position de libération des bouteilles.For this purpose, in a preferred embodiment of a cartridge according to the invention, a second barrier, corresponding to one side of the bottom perpendicular to that to which the first barrier corresponds, can be placed at will in a peripheral confinement position. bottles or in a bottle release position and, more preferably, a third barrier, corresponding to a side of the bottom opposite that to which the second barrier corresponds, can be placed at will in a peripheral confinement position. bottles or in a bottle release position.

Dans ce cas, on peut mettre en oeuvre l'étape a en laissant la première barrière en position d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles mais en plaçant la deuxième barrière, correspondant à un côté du plancher perpendiculaire à celui auquel correspond la première barrière, dans une position de libération des bouteilles, en poussant ledit deuxième nombre de rangées, dudit troisième nombre de bouteilles, debout, pleines, parallèlement à la première barrière pour les faire entrer dans la cartouche par le côté du plancher de celle-ci correspondant à la deuxième barrière, et en replaçant ensuite la deuxième barrière en position d'enfermement des bouteilles ; si la cartouche était antérieurement pleine de bouteilles dont au moins certaines étaient vides, on peut au préalable, mais après avoir ainsi placé la deuxième barrière dans sa position de libération des bouteilles, lors de l'étape a, pousser ledit deuxième nombre de rangées dudit troisième nombre de bouteilles, debout, dont au moins certaines sont vides, parallèlement à la première barrière, pour les faire sortir de la cartouche par le côté du plancher de celle-ci correspondant à la deuxième barrière, ou bien, lors de l'étape a, on place également la troisième barrière, correspondant à un côté du plancher opposé à celui auquel correspond la deuxième barrière, dans une position de libération des bouteilles, et l'on met en oeuvre l'étape a en poussant ledit deuxième nombre de rangées dudit troisième nombre de bouteilles, debout, dont au moins certaines sont vides, parallèlement à la première barrière, pour les faire sortir de la cartouche par le côté du plancher de celle-ci correspondant à la troisième barrière, et en replaçant ensuite la troisième barrière en position d'enfermement des bouteilles.In this case, it is possible to implement step a by leaving the first barrier in the peripheral enclosing position of the bottles but by placing the second barrier, corresponding to one side of the floor perpendicular to that to which the first barrier corresponds, in a release position of the bottles, by pushing said second number of rows, said third number of bottles, standing, full, parallel to the first barrier to enter the cartridge by the side of the floor thereof corresponding to the second barrier , and then replacing the second barrier in the closed position of the bottles; if the cartridge was previously full of bottles of which at least some were empty, it is possible beforehand, but after having thus placed the second barrier in its bottle release position, during step a, pushing said second number of rows of said third number of bottles, standing, at least some of which are empty, parallel to the first barrier, to remove them from the cartridge by the side of the floor thereof corresponding to the second barrier, or, during the step a, we also place the third barrier, corresponding to a side of the floor opposite to that to which the second barrier corresponds, in a bottle release position, and we implement step a by pushing said second number of rows said third number of bottles, standing, at least some of which are empty, parallel to the first barrier, to remove them from the cartridge by the side of the floor thereof corresponding to the third barrier, and then replacing the third barrier in the closed position of the bottles.

Naturellement, ce mode de mise en place et d'extraction des bouteilles d'une cartouche selon l'invention suppose que ces bouteilles reposent toutes par leur fond sur le plancher de la cartouche, c'est-à-dire que les bouteilles vides ne soient pas placées dans celle-ci à l'envers, contrairement à une pratique fréquente sur les sites de commercialisation.Naturally, this method of setting up and extracting bottles from a cartridge according to the invention assumes that these bottles all rest by their bottom on the floor of the cartridge, that is to say that the empty bottles are not placed in it upside down, contrary to a frequent practice on the marketing sites.

Pour éviter une telle mise en place des bouteilles à l'envers dans la cartouche, on prévoit avantageusement que le plancher de celle-ci comporte un cadre d'ossature inférieure rigide recouvert solidairement, vers le haut, d'une tôle choisie dans un groupe comportant les tôles pleines et les tôles perforées ; à cet égard, on a constaté aux essais que le choix d'une tôle perforée réduisait considérablement le bruit que les fonds des bouteilles provoquent en glissant sur le plancher d'une cartouche.To prevent such a placement of bottles upside down in the cartridge, it is advantageously provided that the floor thereof comprises a rigid lower frame frame integrally covered, upwards, a sheet selected from a group having solid sheets and perforated sheets; In this respect, it has been found in the tests that the choice of a perforated plate considerably reduces the noise that bottoms of the bottles cause by sliding on the floor of a cartridge.

De façon préférée, lorsqu'une cartouche selon l'invention comporte ainsi une deuxième barrière et, éventuellement, une troisième barrière, celles-ci peuvent être montées de la même façon que la première barrière et que la deuxième barrière d'un casier standardisé, et verrouillées de la même façon dans une position basse d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles dans une position haute de libération des bouteilles, de façon à être compatibles avec les dispositifs d'ouverture et de fermeture automatiques prévus, sur les sites de remplissage ou de stockage intermédiaire des bouteilles, pour ouvrir et fermer les première et deuxième barrières des casiers standardisés.Preferably, when a cartridge according to the invention thus comprises a second barrier and, possibly, a third barrier, these can be mounted in the same way as the first barrier and the second barrier of a standardized rack, and similarly locked in a low position of peripheral confinement of the bottles in a high position of release of the bottles, so as to be compatible with the automatic opening and closing devices provided, on the filling or storage sites intermediate bottles, to open and close the first and second barriers standardized lockers.

L'utilisation des cartouches selon l'invention est alors totalement compatible avec les installations de remplissage en bouteilles pleines et de vidage en bouteilles vides des casiers standardisés, ce qui permet sans difficulté de les substituer à ces derniers sans augmenter pour autant les coûts d'exploitation.The use of the cartridges according to the invention is then fully compatible with filling facilities in full bottles and emptied empty bottles standardized bins, which allows without difficulty to replace them without increasing the costs of exploitation.

On observera que, lorsque, de façon connue en elle-même dans le cas des casiers standardisés, une première et, de façon préférée, une deuxième des barrières du casier selon l'invention, orientées perpendiculairement aux rangées de celui-ci, peuvent être placées à volonté dans une position d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles ou dans une position de libération des bouteilles, aux fins de faciliter un vidage du casier de ses bouteilles vides et un remplissage du casier en bouteilles pleines, chacune des deuxième et troisième barrières de chaque cartouche selon l'invention empilée avec un casier selon l'invention se trouve orientée de la même façon que, respectivement, la première ou deuxième barrière de ce casier selon l'invention, c'est-à-dire est tournée vers un côté du plateau du camion si l'on prend soin d'orienter le casier de la façon traditionnelle. Ainsi, les bouteilles logées à l'intérieur des cartouches sont accessibles dans les mêmes conditions que les bouteilles logées à l'intérieur des casiers, ce qui permet d'utiliser les cartouches non seulement de la façon caractéristique du procédé selon l'invention, mais également de la même façon que les casiers standardisés traditionnels, c'est-à-dire d'en décharger les bouteilles pleines et d'y recharger les bouteilles vides individuellement, à la main, en laissant ces cartouches sur le plateau du camion.It will be observed that when, in a manner known per se in the case of standardized traps, a first and, preferably, a second one of the crates barriers according to the invention, oriented perpendicularly to the rows thereof, can be placed at will in a position of peripheral confinement of the bottles or in a bottle release position, for the purpose of facilitating emptying the rack of his empty bottles and a filling of the rack in full bottles, each of the second and third barriers of each cartridge according to the invention stacked with a rack according to the invention is oriented in the same way as, respectively, the first or second barrier of this crate according to the invention, that is to say is turned to one side of the truck tray if we take care to orient the locker in the traditional way. Thus, the bottles housed inside the cartridges are accessible under the same conditions as the bottles housed inside the bins, which makes it possible to use the cartridges not only in the manner characteristic of the process according to the invention, but also in the same way as the traditional standardized trays, that is to say to unload the full bottles and to refill the empty bottles individually, by hand, leaving these cartridges on the tray of the truck.

Cependant, comme le comprendra aisément un Homme du métier, on préfère utiliser les cartouches selon l'invention conformément au procédé selon l'invention, c'est-à-dire en les déchargeant du plateau du véhicule et en les chargeant sur ce plateau à l'état plein de bouteilles dont, respectivement, toutes sont pleines ou au moins certaines sont vides, sur le site de commercialisation.However, as will be readily understood by one skilled in the art, it is preferred to use the cartridges according to the invention in accordance with the process according to the invention, that is to say by unloading them from the vehicle bed and loading them onto this tray. the full state of bottles of which, respectively, all are full or at least some are empty, on the marketing site.

Ces opérations de chargement et de déchargement des cartouches sur le site de commercialisation, de même que leur chargement et leur déchargement du plateau du véhicule sur le site centralisé, peuvent s'effectuer par divers moyens, et par exemple au moyen d'un chariot élévateur à fourche.These operations of loading and unloading of the cartridges on the marketing site, as well as their loading and unloading of the vehicle tray on the centralized site, can be carried out by various means, and for example by means of a forklift truck. forked.

On préfère cependant mettre en oeuvre l'étape c en suspendant chaque exemplaire de cartouche, individuellement, à un engin de levage qui peut avantageusement être intégré au véhicule de transport des cartouches, de façon connue en elle-même puisque de nombreux camions sont déjà équipés de grues de manutention de leur charge.However, it is preferred to implement step c by suspending each cartridge example, individually, to a hoist which can advantageously be integrated into the cartridge transport vehicle, in a manner known per se, since many trucks are already equipped. cranes handling their load.

A cet effet, la cartouche selon l'invention comporte de préférence des moyens de suspension à un engin de levage.For this purpose, the cartridge according to the invention preferably comprises suspension means to a hoist.

Ces moyens de suspension pourraient être simplement constitués par des points d'accrochage de suspentes, réalisés par exemple sous la forme d'anses réparties autour d'un cadre d'ossature supérieure rigide de la cartouche, lié rigidement au plancher de celle-ci.These suspension means could be simply constituted by suspension points hanging lines, made for example in the form of handles distributed around a rigid upper frame frame of the cartridge, rigidly connected to the floor thereof.

Cependant, afin de limiter dans toute la mesure du possible les mouvements de balancement d'une cartouche lorsqu'elle est ainsi suspendue à un engin de levage, les moyens de suspension comportent de préférence un cadre d'ossature supérieure rigide, rectangulaire, d'une forme en plan sensiblement identique à celle du plancher, des moyens de liaison rigide entre ledit cadre et le plancher et, à l'intérieur dudit cadre, deux traverses rigides liées rigidement audit cadre et propres à l'ancrage temporaire rigide d'un palonnier, lui-même suspendu à l'engin de levage.However, in order to limit as much as possible the rocking movements of a cartridge when it is thus suspended from a hoist, the suspension means preferably comprise a rigid, rectangular upper frame frame, a shape in plan substantially identical to that of the floor, means of rigid connection between said frame and the floor and, within said frame, two rigid crosspieces rigidly connected to said frame and suitable for the rigid temporary anchoring of a rudder himself suspended from the hoist.

Pour coopérer avec une cartouche selon l'invention dont les moyens de suspension sont ainsi constitués, la présente invention propose également un palonnier comportant un châssis plat, rigide, présentant une face supérieure et une face inférieure, et des moyens de suspension du châssis à un engin de manutention, dans une zone centrale de la face supérieure du châssis, caractérisé en ce que la face inférieure du châssis est conformée de façon à pouvoir s'appliquer à plat, de façon stable, sur le cadre d'ossature supérieure rigide de la cartouche, dans une position relative déterminée telle que ladite zone centrale soit placée à l'aplomb du centre de gravité de la cartouche, et en ce que le châssis porte :

  • au moins deux crochets guidés, par rapport au châssis, au déplacement entre une première position limite d'ancrage sur l'une, respective, des traverses du cadre, dans laquelle ils forment une saillie sous la face inférieure du châssis et viennent en prise sous la traverse respective du cadre, dans ladite position relative déterminée, et une deuxième position limite dans laquelle ils sont décalés par rapport à la traverse respective du cadre, suivant une première direction perpendiculaire à celle-ci dans ladite position relative déterminée et approximativement parallèle au châssis,
  • des moyens commandés pour faire évoluer les crochets, de façon commandée, de l'une à l'autre desdites positions limites, par rapport au châssis.
To cooperate with a cartridge according to the invention whose suspension means are thus constituted, the present invention also provides a spreader comprising a flat rigid frame having an upper face and a lower face, and means for suspending the frame to a handling machine, in a central area of the upper face of the frame, characterized in that the underside of the frame is shaped so as to be flatly applied, stably, on the rigid upper frame of the frame cartridge, in a relative position determined such that said central zone is placed in line with the center of gravity of the cartridge, and in that the chassis carries:
  • at least two hooks guided relative to the frame, to the displacement between a first anchor limit position on a respective one of the cross members of the frame, in which they form a projection under the underside of the frame and engage under the respective cross-member of the frame, in said determined relative position, and a second limit position in which they are offset with respect to the respective cross-member of the frame, in a first direction perpendicular thereto in said determined relative position and approximately parallel to the frame ,
  • controlled means for changing the hooks, in a controlled manner, from one to the other of said limit positions, relative to the frame.

On peut choisir à volonté le mode de montage des crochets sur le châssis, et par conséquent leur mode de déplacement entre leurs positions limites, mais on préfère un mode de réalisation du palonnier selon lequel les crochets sont articulés sur ledit châssis autour d'axes mutuellement parallèles, disposés pour être orientés parallèlement aux traverses du cadre dans ladite position relative déterminée, de façon à évoluer entre lesdites positions limites par écartement ou rapprochement mutuel, ce qui assure une liaison aussi fiable que possible des crochets d'une part avec le châssis et d'autre part avec les traverses du cadre d'ossature supérieure rigide de la cartouche, c'est-à-dire offre une sécurité maximale.It is possible to choose the mounting mode of the hooks on the frame, and therefore their mode of movement between their limit positions, but one preferred embodiment of the spreader according to which the hooks are articulated on said frame about axes mutually parallel, arranged to be oriented parallel to the cross members of the frame in said determined relative position, so as to move between said limit positions by spacing or mutual approximation, which ensures a connection as reliable as possible hooks on the one hand with the frame and on the other hand with the cross members of the frame rigid upper frame of the cartridge, that is to say, offers maximum security.

De préférence, les crochets sont mutuellement espacés d'une distance inférieure à la distance séparant les traverses dans la deuxième position limite et gagnent leur première position limite par écartement mutuel, si bien que l'on peut faire en sorte, par un dimensionnement approprié du châssis et par un positionnement approprié des axes d'articulation des crochets sur celui-ci, que les crochets ne sortent jamais de l'aplomb de la projection verticale du châssis qui, de préférence, présente un encombrement hors tout, en plan, au plus égal à l'encombrement hors tout, en plan, d'une cartouche, afin de faciliter les manoeuvres d'approche du palonnier vis-à-vis d'une cartouche, même entourée de toute part, et les manoeuvres d'une telle cartouche au moyen du palonnier.Preferably, the hooks are mutually spaced a distance less than the distance separating the crosspieces in the second limit position and reach their first limit position by mutual spacing, so that it can be ensured by appropriate dimensioning of the chassis and by proper positioning axes of articulation of the hooks on the latter, that the hooks never come out of line with the vertical projection of the frame which, preferably, has a bulk overall, in plan, at most equal to the space requirement out all in plan, of a cartridge, to facilitate maneuvers approaching the rudder vis-à-vis a cartridge, even surrounded from all sides, and the maneuvers of such a cartridge by means of the rudder.

On observera que la coopération entre les crochets et les traverses du cadre d'ossature supérieure rigide de la cartouche permet d'assurer un positionnement précis du palonnier par rapport à la cartouche suivant une direction parallèle au plancher de celle-ci et perpendiculaire aux traverses.It will be observed that the cooperation between the hooks and the cross members of the rigid upper framework frame of the cartridge makes it possible to ensure precise positioning of the spreader relative to the cartridge in a direction parallel to the floor thereof and perpendicular to the crosspieces.

De préférence, le palonnier selon l'invention comporte en outre des moyens de centrage coercitif par rapport au cadre d'ossature supérieure rigide de la cartouche, parallèlement aux traverses de ce cadre.Preferably, the spreader according to the invention further comprises coercive centering means relative to the rigid upper frame frame of the cartridge, parallel to the cross members of this frame.

Ces moyens de centrage peuvent présenter diverses conceptions mais, selon un mode de réalisation préféré, ils comportent :

  • au moins deux pattes de centrage guidées, par rapport au châssis, au déplacement entre une première position limite d'appui contre l'une, respective, de deux zones latérales du cadre perpendiculaires aux traverses et mutuellement opposées parallèlement aux traverses et une deuxième position limite dans laquelle ils sont décalés par rapport à la zone latérale respective du cadre, suivant une deuxième direction perpendiculaire à la première direction et approximativement parallèle au châssis,
  • des moyens commandés pour faire évoluer les pattes de centrage, de façon commandée, de l'une à l'autre desdites positions limites, par rapport au châssis.
These centering means may have various designs but, according to a preferred embodiment, they comprise:
  • at least two centering lugs guided relative to the frame, to the displacement between a first limit position against a respective one of two lateral zones of the frame perpendicular to the cross members and mutually opposed parallel to the cross members and a second limit position in which they are offset with respect to the respective lateral zone of the frame, in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction and approximately parallel to the frame,
  • controlled means for changing the centering tabs, in a controlled manner, from one to the other of said limit positions, relative to the chassis.

De préférence, dans le souci de faire en sorte que l'encombrement hors tout du palonnier, en plan, s'inscrive dans l'encombrement hors tout, en plan, d'une cartouche, les pattes de centrage sont mutuellement espacées d'une distance inférieure à la distance séparant lesdites zones latérales du cadre, parallèlement aux traverses, dans la deuxième position limite et gagnent leur première position limite par écartement mutuel.Preferably, in order to make sure that the overall dimensions of the rudder, in plan, is inscribed in the overall bulk, in plan, of a cartridge, the centering tabs are mutually spaced a distance less than the distance separating said lateral zones of the frame, parallel to the sleepers, in the second limit position and earn their first limit position by mutual spread.

Les moyens commandés, faisant évoluer les crochets et les pattes de centrage, de façon commandée, à savoir de préférence de façon télécommandée, de l'une à l'autre de leurs positions limites respectives, par rapport au châssis, peuvent être de diverses conceptions mais, de préférence, ils sont choisis dans un groupe comportant des moyens pneumatiques, des moyens hydrauliques et des moyens électriques qui, à la fois, d'une part, mettent en oeuvre des moyens par ailleurs présents, de façon générale, sur un camion et, d'autre part, se prêtent à l'installation de sécurités évitant tout passage intempestif des crochets et des pattes de l'une à l'autre de leurs positions limites, et en particulier à une position limite correspondant à la libération de la cartouche vis-à-vis du palonnier, aux fins d'éviter une chute intempestive de cette cartouche.The controlled means, changing the hooks and the centering tabs, in a controlled manner, that is preferably remotely controlled, from one to the other of their respective limit positions, with respect to the frame, can be of various designs. but, preferably, they are chosen from a group comprising pneumatic means, hydraulic means and electrical means which, at the same time, on the one hand, implement means otherwise present, generally, on a truck and, on the other hand, lend themselves to the installation of safety devices preventing any inadvertent passage of the hooks and tabs from one to the other of their limit positions, and in particular to a limit position corresponding to the release of the cartridge with respect to the rudder, in order to avoid an accidental fall of this cartridge.

Dans la mesure où les opérations de déchargement et de chargement des cartouches, en particulier sur le site de commercialisation, peuvent nécessiter un changement de leur orientation autour d'un axe approximativement vertical, par rapport à l'engin de levage, on peut prévoir d'effectuer ce changement d'orientation par torsion de suspentes intermédiaires entre le châssis du palonnier et l'engin de manutention, mais, d'une part, un tel choix impose de donner à ces suspentes une certaine longueur, se traduisant par une certaine instabilité de la cartouche suspendue par l'intermédiaire du palonnier, et, d'autre part, l'application, de façon alors nécessairement manuelle, d'un mouvement d'orientation à la cartouche se traduit par une torsion des suspentes, se traduisant elle-même par une réduction de leur longueur apparente et par conséquent par un levage de la cartouche. Il s'ensuit qu'un changement d'orientation de celle-ci, par rapport à l'orientation qu'elle tend à prendre naturellement, nécessite des efforts importants, et présente un certain danger puisque, compte tenu de son poids, la cartouche a tendance à revenir à son orientation initiale.Since unloading and loading of the cartridges, especially at the marketing site, may require a change in their orientation about an approximately vertical axis, relative to the hoist, provision may be made for this change of orientation by twisting intermediate lines between the frame of the rudder and the handling equipment, but, on the one hand, such a choice requires to give these lines a certain length, resulting in some instability of the cartridge suspended by means of the rudder, and, secondly, the application, then necessarily manual manner, of a movement of orientation to the cartridge results in a torsion of the lines, being translated herself even by reducing their apparent length and consequently by lifting the cartridge. It follows that a change of orientation of the latter, with respect to the orientation it tends to take naturally, requires considerable effort, and presents a certain danger since, given its weight, the cartridge tends to return to its original orientation.

On préfère par conséquent un mode de réalisation du palonnier selon l'invention, selon lequel les moyens de suspension comportent des moyens de guidage en rotation autour d'un axe perpendiculaire au châssis et passant par ladite zone centrale de la face supérieure de celui-ci. Il est ainsi possible de réduire la longueur des suspentes, voire de supprimer toute suspente entre un crochet de l'engin de levage et le palonnier selon l'invention, c'est-à-dire à la fois de limiter les risques de balancement de la cartouche et d'autoriser toute rotation de celle-ci, sur tout angle voulu, sans effort et sans danger. A cet égard, on peut avantageusement prévoir qu'aux moyens de guidage en rotation soient associés, de façon connue en elle-même, des moyens moteurs commandés, à savoir de préférence télécommandés, permettant d'orienter à volonté, à distance, le palonnier et la cartouche qu'il porte éventuellement autour de l'axe autour duquel s'effectue le guidage en rotation, lequel axe a naturellement tendance à se placer au moins approximativement verticalement.An embodiment of the spreader according to the invention is therefore preferred, according to which the suspension means comprise means for guiding in rotation around an axis perpendicular to the frame and passing through said central zone of the upper face thereof. . It is thus possible to reduce the length of the lines, or even to remove any line between a hook of the lifting machine and the rudder according to the invention, that is to say both to limit the risk of sway of the cartridge and allow any rotation of it, on any desired angle, without effort and without danger. In this respect, it can advantageously be provided that the rotational guiding means are associated, in a manner known per se, controlled drive means, namely preferably remotely controlled, for guiding at will, at a distance, the rudder and the cartridge which it carries possibly around the axis around which is carried out the guidance in rotation, which axis has naturally tendency to be placed at least approximately vertically.

Il est, naturellement, avantageux d'utiliser un palonnier selon l'invention, ainsi spécifiquement conçu pour coopérer avec une cartouche selon l'invention, pour assurer également le levage d'un casier selon l'invention.It is, of course, advantageous to use a spreader according to the invention, and specifically designed to cooperate with a cartridge according to the invention, to also ensure the lifting of a rack according to the invention.

A cet effet, selon un mode de réalisation préféré d'un tel casier, celui-ci comporte un cadre d'ossature supérieure rigide, rectangulaire, d'une forme en plan sensiblement identique à celle du plancher du casier, des moyens de liaison rigide entre ledit cadre et le plancher du casier et, à l'intérieur dudit cadre, deux traverses rigides, liées rigidement audit cadre et occupant, l'une par rapport à l'autre et par rapport à l'aplomb du centre de gravité du casier, une position relative identique à celle des traverses du cadre d'ossature supérieure d'une cartouche selon le mode de réalisation préféré, précité, de celle-ci, l'une par rapport à l'autre et par rapport à l'aplomb du centre de gravité de la cartouche.For this purpose, according to a preferred embodiment of such a rack, it comprises a frame of rigid upper frame, rectangular, of a plan shape substantially identical to that of the floor of the rack, the rigid connection means between said frame and the floor of the rack and, within said frame, two rigid crosspieces, rigidly connected to said frame and occupying, relative to each other and relative to the center of the center of the bin, a relative position identical to that of the webs of the upper frame frame of a cartridge according to the preferred embodiment, above, of the latter, with respect to each other and with respect to the center of gravity of the cartridge.

De façon particulièrement simple, lorsque le casier selon l'invention comporte, en vue de l'empilage de deux cartouches selon l'invention sur lui, au moins un rail rigide lié rigidement à son cadre d'ossature supérieure rigide, on prévoit de préférence que deux desdits rails soient prévus, mutuellement symétriques par rapport au centre du cadre d'ossature supérieure rigide du casier, et que les deux traverses de celui-ci soient disposées entre lesdits rails, soient orientées perpendiculairement à eux et les relient mutuellement de façon rigide.In a particularly simple manner, when the rack according to the invention comprises, for the purpose of stacking two cartridges according to the invention on it, at least one rigid rail rigidly connected to its rigid upper frame frame, preference is given to that two of said rails are provided, mutually symmetrical with respect to the center of the rigid upper frame frame of the rack, and that the two crosspieces thereof are disposed between said rails, are oriented perpendicularly to them and rigidly connect them mutually .

Les traverses et les rails du cadre d'ossature supérieure rigide du casier contribuent ainsi à rigidifier celui-ci.The sleepers and rails of the rigid upper frame frame of the rack and contribute to stiffen it.

Un casier selon l'invention peut par ailleurs présenter toute disposition connue, propre aux casiers standardisés de l'Art antérieur, en particulier en ce qui concerne le montage de ses première et deuxième barrières mobiles.A rack according to the invention may also have any known arrangement, specific to the standardized lockers of the prior art, in particular with regard to the mounting of its first and second movable barriers.

La première barrière de la cartouche selon l'invention, c'est-à-dire la barrière propre à être placée à volonté dans l'une ou l'autre d'une position d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles et d'une position de libération des bouteilles, peut elle-même présenter la conception traditionnelle des barrières mobiles équipant les casiers standardisés de l'Art antérieur.The first barrier of the cartridge according to the invention, that is to say the barrier capable of being placed at will in one or the other of a position of peripheral confinement of the bottles and a position of release of the bottles, may itself present the traditional design of the mobile barriers equipping the standardized lockers of the prior art.

Ainsi, selon un mode de réalisation préféré d'une cartouche selon l'invention, cette première barrière est constituée par un barreau s'étendant parallèlement au plancher sur la totalité du côté correspondant de celui-ci et guidé au coulissement, suivant une direction perpendiculaire au plancher, par deux zones d'extrémité, dans deux montants d'un cadre d'ossature latérale rigide, lié rigidement au plancher, et l'on prévoit des moyens de verrouillage amovible du barreau à un niveau moyen desdits montants, correspondant à la position d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles, et à un niveau supérieur desdits montants, correspondant à la position de libération des bouteilles.Thus, according to a preferred embodiment of a cartridge according to the invention, this first barrier is constituted by a bar extending parallel to the floor over the entire corresponding side thereof and guided to sliding in a perpendicular direction. at the floor, by two end zones, in two uprights of a rigid lateral frame frame, rigidly connected to the floor, and there is provided means for releasably locking the bar at a mean level of said uprights, corresponding to the peripheral confinement position of the bottles, and at a higher level of said uprights, corresponding to the position of release of the bottles.

Ces moyens de verrouillage amovible du barreau peuvent être conçus de la même façon que dans le cas des casiers standardisés de l'Art antérieur, c'est-à-dire comporter un dispositif de coincement des extrémités du barreau par rapport aux montants du cadre d'ossature latérale rigide, le déverrouillage s'effectuant par une légère rotation du barreau sur lui-même, en particulier par action manuelle sur celui-ci, ce qui nécessite que le barreau soit conçu de façon à être aussi rigide que possible.These removable locking means of the bar can be designed in the same way as in the case of standardized lockers of the prior art, that is to say include a device for jamming the ends of the bar relative to the amounts of the frame. rigid side frame, the unlocking being effected by a slight rotation of the bar on itself, in particular by manual action on it, which requires that the bar is designed to be as rigid as possible.

Cependant, lorsque, de façon préférée pour des raisons de rigidité, compte tenu des proportions du cadre d'ossature latérale rigide de la cartouche, on prévoit que ce dernier comporte au moins un montant intermédiaire entre lesdits montants, on prévoit de préférence que les moyens de verrouillage amovible du barreau soient portés par ce montant intermédiaire au nombre d'au moins un, ce qui permet d'effectuer de façon simple et fiable les opérations de verrouillage et de déverrouillage par action au niveau de ce montant intermédiaire, c'est-à-dire dans une zone centrale du barreau, même si celui-ci manque quelque peu de rigidité compte tenu de sa longueur entre les montants du cadre d'ossature latérale rigide de la cartouche.However, when, for reasons of rigidity, in view of the proportions of the rigid lateral frame of the cartridge, it is provided that the latter comprises at least one intermediate amount between said uprights, it is preferably provided that the means detachable locking of the bar are carried by this intermediate amount of at least one, which allows to perform simply and reliably locking operations and unlocking action at this intermediate amount, that is to say that is to say in a central zone of the bar, even if it lacks a little rigidity given its length between the amounts of rigid frame of the frame frame of the cartridge.

Bien plus, on peut mettre à profit un manque de rigidité, inhérent ou provoqué, du barreau pour effectuer son verrouillage et son déverrouillage.Moreover, one can take advantage of a lack of rigidity, inherent or provoked, the bar to perform its locking and unlocking.

Ainsi, selon un mode de réalisation préféré, les moyens de verrouillage amovible du barreau en position d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles comportent, sur ledit montant intermédiaire au nombre d'au moins un, vers l'intérieur de la cartouche, un taquet de niveau intermédiaire entre les extrémités inférieure et supérieure dudit montant intermédiaire au nombre d'au moins un, ledit taquet étant apte à constituer une butée vers le haut pour le barreau, et le barreau est élastiquement flexible, parallèlement au plancher, vers l'intérieur de la cartouche, à partir d'une conformation rectiligne qu'il occupe au repos et dans laquelle il s'engage sous le taquet de niveau intermédiaire et une conformation incurvée dans laquelle il est dégagé par rapport au taquet de niveau intermédiaire, vers le haut, les dimensions respectives du taquet de niveau intermédiaire et du barreau étant choisies telles que la rangée de bouteilles longeant la première barrière ne constitue pas d'obstacle au passage du barreau de la conformation rectiligne à la conformation incurvée. Le barreau peut être par ailleurs retenu à l'encontre d'une chute, à partir de sa position d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles, par toute butée appropriée, en particulier permanente, par rapport à au moins certains des montants du cadre d'ossature latérale de la cartouche, à savoir par exemple par des butées aménagées, pour ses extrémités, dans les montants le long desquels ces dernières coulissent.Thus, according to a preferred embodiment, the detachable locking means of the bar in the peripherally closed position of the bottles comprise, on said at least one intermediate upright, towards the inside of the cartridge, a level cleat. intermediate between the lower and upper ends of said intermediate amount of at least one, said cleat being adapted to constitute an upward stop for the bar, and the bar is elastically flexible, parallel to the floor, towards the inside of the cartridge, from a rectilinear conformation it occupies at rest and in which it engages under the intermediate level cleat and a curved conformation in which it is disengaged relative to the intermediate level cleat, upwards, the respective dimensions of the intermediate level cleat and the bar being chosen such that the row of bottles along the first barrier There is no obstacle to the passage of the bar from the rectilinear conformation to the curved conformation. The bar may also be retained against a fall, from its position of peripheral confinement of the bottles, by any appropriate abutment, particularly permanent, relative to at least some of the frame frame uprights Lateral of the cartridge, namely for example by stops arranged for its ends in the amounts along which they slide.

De même, selon un mode de réalisation préféré, les moyens de verrouillage amovible du barreau en position de libération des bouteilles comportent, sur ledit montant intermédiaire au nombre d'au moins un, vers l'intérieur de la cartouche, un taquet d'extrémité supérieure apte à constituer une butée vers le bas pour le barreau et en ce que le barreau est élastiquement flexible, parallèlement au plancher, vers l'intérieur de la cartouche, à partir d'une conformation rectiligne qu'il occupe au repos et dans laquelle il s'engage au-dessus du taquet d'extrémité supérieure et une conformation incurvée dans laquelle il est dégagé par rapport à celui-ci, vers le bas, les dimensions respectives du taquet d'extrémité supérieure et du barreau étant choisies telles que la rangée de bouteilles longeant la première barrière ne constitue pas d'obstacle au passage du barreau de la conformation rectiligne à la conformation incurvée.Similarly, according to a preferred embodiment, the removable locking means of the bar in the bottle release position comprise, on said at least one intermediate upright, towards the inside of the cartridge, an end stop. superior able to constitute a stop downwards for the bar and in that the bar is elastically flexible, parallel to the floor, towards the inside of the cartridge, from a rectilinear conformation that it occupies at rest and in which it engages above the cleat upper end and a curved conformation in which it is disengaged with respect thereto, downwards, the respective dimensions of the upper end tab and the bar being chosen such that the row of bottles along the first barrier does not constitute obstacle to the passage of the bar from the rectilinear conformation to the curved conformation.

Dans ces conditions, une simple poussée appliquée au barreau, vers l'intérieur de la cartouche, à proximité immédiate du montant intermédiaire du cadre d'ossature latérale rigide de la cartouche, permet de le déverrouiller pour l'amener de l'une à l'autre de ses positions, et son élasticité le fait revenir naturellement à l'état verrouillé lorsque cette poussée cesse.Under these conditions, a simple thrust applied to the bar, towards the inside of the cartridge, in the immediate vicinity of the intermediate upright of the rigid lateral frame frame of the cartridge, allows to unlock it to bring it from one to the other. other of its positions, and its elasticity makes it return naturally to the locked state when this thrust ceases.

Cependant, pour éviter toute libération des bouteilles, c'est-à-dire tout prélèvement de bouteilles pleines, par une personne qui n'y serait pas autorisée, on peut prévoir en outre que les moyens de verrouillage amovible du barreau en position d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles comportent une serrure, et qu'il en soit de même en ce qui concerne les éventuelles deuxième et troisième barrières de la cartouche, même si ces dernières sont par ailleurs montées comme les première et deuxième barrières d'un casier standardisé.However, to prevent any release of the bottles, that is to say any withdrawal of full bottles, by a person who would not be authorized, it can further provide that the removable locking means of the bar in position of peripheral confinement of the bottles comprise a lock, and the same applies to the possible second and third barriers of the cartridge, even if the latter are also mounted as the first and second barriers of a standardized locker.

Alors, la cartouche selon l'invention peut être déposée sur le site de commercialisation, le cas échéant sous forme empilée avec au moins une cartouche similaire, sans autre précaution à l'encontre d'un vol de bouteilles, l'accès aux bouteilles restant limité aux seuls titulaires d'une clef pour la serrure.Then, the cartridge according to the invention can be deposited on the marketing site, if necessary in stacked form with at least one similar cartridge, without any other precaution against a theft of bottles, access to the bottles remaining limited to only holders of a key for the lock.

Cependant, on peut également prévoir sur le site de commercialisation un présentoir creux installé à demeure, ouvert vers le haut, fermé périphériquement, présentant intérieurement des formes et dimensions en plan complémentaires de celles dudit plancher et comportant une porte d'accès d'un côté correspondant à celui de ladite première barrière, auquel cas, lors de l'étape c, on engage le ou, successivement, chaque exemplaire de la première cartouche, de haut en bas, dans le présentoir en orientant la première cartouche de telle sorte que la première barrière se place en regard de la porte d'accès de présentoir, puis on libère les bouteilles de cette première barrière latérale.However, it is also possible to provide on the marketing site a hollow display installed permanently, open upwards, peripherally closed, having inner shapes and dimensions in plan complementary to those of said floor and having an access door on one side corresponding to that of said first barrier, in which case, in step c, is engaged or, successively, each copy of the first cartridge, from top to bottom, in the display by orienting the first cartridge so that the The first barrier is placed next to the display access door, then the bottles are released from this first lateral barrier.

Naturellement, dans la mesure où il s'agit de substituer à l'intérieur d'un tel présentoir un ou plusieurs exemplaires d'une cartouche chargée de bouteilles pleines à un ou plusieurs exemplaires d'une cartouche dont au moins certaines des bouteilles sont vides, on met en oeuvre l'étape c du procédé selon l'invention en dégageant au préalable du présentoir, de bas en haut, le ou successivement chaque exemplaire de la deuxième cartouche après avoir placé la première barrière correspondante dans la position d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles.Naturally, insofar as it is a question of substituting inside one such display one or more examples of a cartridge loaded with full bottles to one or more examples of a cartridge of which at least some of the bottles are empty. step c of the method according to the invention is carried out by first releasing the display unit from bottom to top or successively each copy of the second cartridge after having placed the corresponding first barrier in the peripheral confinement position. bottles.

La présente invention s'étend également à un tel présentoir, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une enceinte parallélépipédique, ouverte vers le haut, fermée périphériquement, présentant intérieurement une forme en plan rectangulaire avec des dimensions en plan complémentaires de celles du plancher d'une cartouche selon l'invention et une hauteur au moins égale à celle d'une telle cartouche, pour loger intérieurement une telle cartouche, et en ce que ladite enceinte comporte, sur une façade avant correspondant à un grand côté du rectangle, une porte d'accès à l'intérieur, s'étendant d'une part, dans le sens de la hauteur, depuis un bord inférieur situé à un premier niveau au plus égal au niveau du plancher de la cartouche logée à l'intérieur du présentoir jusqu'à un bord supérieur situé à un deuxième niveau au moins égal à un troisième niveau correspondant au niveau du plancher de la cartouche augmenté de la hauteur d'une bouteille, et d'autre part, en direction horizontale, sur une largeur au moins égale au produit des dimensions hors tout, en plan, d'une bouteille par le nombre de bouteilles par rangée, de façon à livrer accès à l'ensemble des bouteilles d'une rangée de la cartouche.The present invention also extends to such a display, characterized in that it comprises a parallelepipedal enclosure, open upwards, peripherally closed, having a rectangular plan inwardly with plan dimensions complementary to those of the floor of a cartridge according to the invention and a height at least equal to that of such a cartridge, for internally housing such a cartridge, and in that said enclosure comprises, on a front facade corresponding to a large side of the rectangle, a door of access to the interior, extending on the one hand, in the direction of the height, from a lower edge located at a first level at most equal to the level of the floor of the cartridge housed inside the display unit to an upper edge located at a second level at least equal to a third level corresponding to the level of the floor of the cartridge plus the height of a bottle, and on the other hand, in a horizontal direction, over a width at least equal to the product of the overall dimensions, in plan, of a bottle by the number of bottles per row, so as to give access to all the bottles of a row of the cartridge.

Pour faciliter l'extraction d'une bouteille pleine ou la mise en place d'une bouteille vide dans la cartouche, de préférence, le bord inférieur de la porte est rectiligne, placé au niveau du plancher de la cartouche, et le présentoir porte solidairement, en saillie sur la façade avant, un rebord plan s'étendant tout au long dudit bord inférieur et également placé de niveau avec le plancher de la cartouche, ce qui fournit un support provisoire à la bouteille en cours d'extraction ou d'introduction dans la cartouche, dans des conditions telles que le haut de la bouteille, muni d'une poignée, soit accessible lorsque la bouteille repose ainsi pour partie sur ce rebord plan. Le confort et la sécurité d'utilisation d'une cartouche selon l'invention, lorsqu'elle est placée au ras du sol, sur le site de commercialisation s'en trouvent considérablement accrus.To facilitate the extraction of a full bottle or the introduction of an empty bottle in the cartridge, preferably, the lower edge of the door is rectilinear, placed at the floor of the cartridge, and the display stand jointly projecting from the front face, a planar rim extending along said lower edge and also level with the floor of the cartridge, which provides a temporary support for the bottle being extracted or introduced in the cartridge, under conditions such that the top of the bottle, provided with a handle, is accessible when the bottle thus rests partly on this flat edge. The comfort and safety of use of a cartridge according to the invention, when placed flush with the ground, on the marketing site are considerably increased.

L'invention concerne aussi un .The invention also relates to a.

Le présentoir selon l'invention peut être conçu pour recevoir une seule cartouche selon l'invention, auquel cas il présente intérieurement une hauteur au moins égale à la hauteur de cette cartouche, mais il peut être également, de préférence, conçu pour recevoir intérieurement une pile de telles cartouches selon l'invention.The display unit according to the invention can be designed to receive a single cartridge according to the invention, in which case it has a height inside at least equal to the height of this cartridge, but it can also be preferably designed to receive internally a stack of such cartridges according to the invention.

Dans un mode de réalisation adapté à cet effet, le présentoir présente intérieurement une hauteur au moins égale à la hauteur d'une pile de cartouches comportant, outre ladite cartouche, au moins une autre cartouche empilée sur celle-ci, et le bord supérieur de la porte d'accès est situé à un deuxième niveau au moins égal audit troisième niveau augmenté de la hauteur de ladite autre cartouche.In an embodiment adapted for this purpose, the display unit internally has a height at least equal to the height of a stack of cartridges comprising, in addition to said cartridge, at least one other cartridge stacked thereon, and the upper edge of the access door is located at a second level at least equal to said third level increased by the height of said other cartridge.

Lorsque le présentoir ainsi conçu est destiné à être logé dans une enceinte fermée, par exemple à l'intérieur d'un magasin, ou sur une aire clôturée, sa porte d'accès peut être en permanence ouverte mais lorsqu'il est destiné à rester librement accessible en permanence, il est avantageusement conçu pour empêcher un accès non autorisé aux cartouches et aux bouteilles qu'elles contiennent.When the display thus designed is intended to be housed in a closed enclosure, for example inside a store, or on a fenced area, its access door may be permanently open but when it is intended to remain freely accessible permanently, it is advantageously designed to prevent unauthorized access to cartridges and bottles they contain.

A cet effet, un mode de réalisation préféré du présentoir selon l'invention est caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte extérieurement, le long de la façade avant, deux vantaux mutuellement identiques, dont chacun présente une hauteur au moins égale à la hauteur de la porte, mesurée entre son bord inférieur et son bord supérieur, et une largeur au moins égale à la moitié de la largeur de la porte et qui recouvrent une moitié respective de la porte dans une position respective de fermeture de celle-ci, et en ce que chaque vantail est guidé au coulissement horizontal, le long de la façade avant, sur une course au moins égale à sa largeur, à partir de sa position de fermeture, pour dégager la moitié correspondante en venant se placer, dans une position respective d'ouverture, en regard de la moitié de la porte correspondant à l'autre vantail occupant sa position de fermeture, étant entendu que toute serrure appropriée peut être prévue pour verrouiller de façon amovible les vantaux dans leur position de fermeture de la porte.For this purpose, a preferred embodiment of the display according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises externally, along the front facade, two mutually identical leaves, each of which has a height at least equal to the height of the door, measured between its lower edge and its upper edge, and a width at least equal to half the width of the door and which cover a respective half of the door in a respective closing position thereof, and in that that each leaf is guided horizontally along the front wall, on a stroke at least equal to its width, from its closed position, to disengage the corresponding half by placing itself in a respective position of opening, opposite the half of the door corresponding to the other leaf occupying its closed position, it being understood that any appropriate lock may be provided to lock am ovible the leaves in their closed position of the door.

Afin de faciliter l'accès à toutes les bouteilles de chaque rangée de la ou de chaque cartouche à l'intérieur du présentoir, dans le cas d'un nombre impair de bouteilles par rangée, ladite course est au moins égale à la largeur du vantail, augmentée de la moitié des dimensions hors tout d'une bouteille en plan. On peut ainsi sortir et remplacer la bouteille centrale de chaque rangée dans les mêmes conditions que les autres bouteilles de cette rangée. Par contre, dans le cas d'un nombre pair de bouteilles par rangée, ladite course peut être limitée à la largeur du vantail sans qu'il en résulte de difficulté pour extraire ou replacer des bouteilles dans la ou chaque cartouche.In order to facilitate access to all the bottles of each row of the or each cartridge inside the display, in the case of an odd number of bottles per row, said stroke is at least equal to the width of the leaf , increased by half the overall dimensions of a bottle in plan. We can thus remove and replace the central cylinder of each row under the same conditions as the other bottles of this row. By cons, in the case of an even number of bottles per row, said race can be limited to the width of the leaf without it results in difficulty to extract or replace bottles in the or each cartridge.

Pour faciliter en outre l'extraction et la mise en place des cartouches, le présentoir selon l'invention peut avantageusement comporter des moyens de guidage d'une cartouche au coulissement vertical.To further facilitate the extraction and placement of the cartridges, the display according to the invention may advantageously comprise means for guiding a vertical sliding cartridge.

En particulier pour faciliter l'approche d'une cartouche lors de sa mise en place dans le présentoir, par le haut de celui-ci, ces moyens de guidage comportent avantageusement des moyens formant trémie dans une zone d'extrémité supérieure du présentoir.In particular to facilitate the approach of a cartridge when it is placed in the display stand, from above, these guide means advantageously comprise hopper means in an upper end zone of the display stand.

Da façon à la fois économique de réalisation et fiable d'utilisation, ces moyens formant trémie peuvent se limiter à :

  • une paroi d'appui qui prolonge vers le haut une façade arrière du présentoir, parallèle à la façade avant de celui-ci, au moins à proximité de chaque coin de raccordement de ladite façade arrière à un flanc respectif du présentoir, perpendiculaire aux façades avant et arrière de celui-ci, et présente vers la façade avant une face plane, coplanaire avec une face plane que la façade arrière présente vers l'intérieur du présentoir, et
  • deux parois de guidage dont chacune prolonge vers le haut l'un, respectif, des flancs du présentoir, au moins à proximité de l'un, respectif, desdits coins, et présente vers l'autre flanc une face plane, se raccordant vers le bas à une face plane que le flanc correspondant présente vers l'intérieur du présentoir mais inclinée de telle sorte que les faces planes des parois de guidage divergent mutuellement vers le haut.
Da way both economic realization and reliable use, these hopper means can be limited to:
  • a support wall which extends upwardly a rear facade of the display unit, parallel to the front facade thereof, at least near each connection corner of said rear facade to a respective side of the display, perpendicular to the front facades and rear of it, and presents towards the front facade a planar face, coplanar with a flat face that the rear facade presents towards the interior of the display, and
  • two guide walls each of which extends upwardly one respective one of the sidewalls of the display unit, at least close to one respective one of said corners, and has towards the other side a flat face connecting to the bottom to a flat face that the corresponding side presents towards the interior of the display but inclined so that the flat faces of the guide walls diverge mutually upwards.

Ainsi, on peut pratiquer l'approche du présentoir par une cartouche, suspendue à un engin de levage, en plaçant d'abord la cartouche en appui contre les parois qui prolongent vers le haut la façade arrière du présentoir puis, en la centrant plus ou moins précisément par rapport aux parois de guidage qui prolongent les flancs du présentoir, la faire descendre vers l'intérieur de celui-ci, mouvement au cours duquel les parois de guidage assurent son centrage précis.Thus, it is possible to practice the approach of the display stand by a cartridge, suspended from a hoist, by first placing the cartridge in support against the walls which extend upward the rear face of the display and then, by centering more or less precisely with respect to the guide walls which extend the sidewalls of the display, to make it descend towards the interior thereof, a movement during which the guide walls ensure its precise centering.

A l'intérieur même du présentoir, tout gauchissement de la cartouche, risquant de provoquer son coincement, peut être évité si, selon un mode de réalisation préféré du présentoir, chaque flanc présente solidairement, en saillie vers l'intérieur du présentoir, à proximité de l'un, respectif, desdits coins de raccordement, une glissière verticale définissant ladite face plane du flanc, en relief par rapport à celui-ci vers l'intérieur du présentoir.Inside the display, any warpage of the cartridge, which may cause it to jam, may be avoided if, according to a preferred embodiment of the display, each side has integrally, projecting towards the inside of the display, in the vicinity of a respective one of said connection corners, a vertical slide defining said flat face of the sidewall, in relief relative thereto towards the interior of the display.

Le présentoir selon l'invention peut en outre présenter toute disposition facilitant sa mise en place initiale sur un site de commercialisation, son déplacement sur celui-ci, éventuellement son enlèvement et, dans l'intervalle, sa stabilité, telle que des anses supérieures de levage, au moins un passage pour la fourche d'un chariot élévateur et au moins un réceptacle pour un lest, ces exemples n'étant nullement limitatifs.The display unit according to the invention may also have any provision facilitating its initial implementation on a marketing site, its movement on it, possibly its removal and, in the meantime, its stability, such as upper handles of lifting, at least one passage for the fork of a forklift and at least one receptacle for a ballast, these examples being in no way limiting.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages des différents aspects de la présente invention ressortiront de la description ci-dessous, relative à des modes de réalisation préférés, ainsi que des dessins annexés qui accompagnent cette description.Other features and advantages of the various aspects of the present invention will become apparent from the description below, relating to preferred embodiments, as well as the accompanying drawings which accompany this description.

La figure 1 montre une vue en perspective d'une cartouche selon l'invention, emplie à titre d'exemple non limitatif de deux rangées de sept bouteilles mutuellement identiques de gaz de pétrole liquéfié, du type standardisé dit « bouteille de 13kg », cette cartouche comportant, comme il est préféré, trois barrières latérales mobiles entre une position d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles, dans laquelle elles ont été illustrées, et une position de libération des bouteilles, et une quatrième barrière latérale quant à elle fixe dans une position d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles.The figure 1 shows a perspective view of a cartridge according to the invention, filled by way of non-limiting example of two rows of seven mutually identical bottles of liquefied petroleum gas, of the standardized type called "13kg bottle", this cartridge comprising, as it is preferred, three barriers movable sideways between a position of peripheral confinement of the bottles, in which they have been illustrated, and a release position of the bottles, and a fourth lateral barrier as for it fixed in a position of peripheral confinement of the bottles.

Les figures 2 et 3 montrent un détail du verrouillage amovible d'une première des barrières latérales mobiles, plus longue que les deux autres, dans sa position d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles, respectivement depuis l'extérieur de la cartouche et depuis l'intérieur de celle-ci.The Figures 2 and 3 show a detail of the removable lock of a first of the movable lateral barriers, longer than the other two, in its position of peripheral confinement of the bottles, respectively from outside the cartridge and from inside thereof.

La figure 4 montre, en une vue similaire à celle de la figure 3, le verrouillage de cette première barrière latérale mobile dans sa position de libération des bouteilles.The figure 4 shows, in a similar view to that of the figure 3 locking the first movable lateral barrier in its bottle release position.

La figure 5 montre, en une vue en perspective, l'empilage d'une cartouche selon l'invention sur un casier selon l'invention, lequel peut être un casier standardisé que l'on a complété pour le rendre conforme à la présente invention.The figure 5 shows, in a perspective view, the stack of a cartridge according to the invention on a rack according to the invention, which may be a standardized rack which has been completed to make it in accordance with the present invention.

La figure 6 montre une vue, en perspective, d'un présentoir selon l'invention dans lequel sont mutuellement superposées deux cartouches selon l'invention, dont chacune est pleine de bouteilles de la même façon qu'à la figure 1.The figure 6 shows a perspective view of a display unit according to the invention in which two cartridges according to the invention are superposed, each of which is full of bottles in the same way as figure 1 .

La figure 7 montre ce présentoir vide et ouvert, en une vue en perspective similaire à celle de la figure 6.The figure 7 shows this empty and open display, in a perspective view similar to that of the figure 6 .

Les figures 8 et 9 montrent, en une vue en perspective, depuis l'intérieur du présentoir, respectivement à la partie supérieure de celui-ci et à un niveau intermédiaire de celui-ci, des moyens qu'il comporte pour assurer le guidage des cartouches au coulissement vertical, lors de leur introduction dans le présentoir, par un mouvement de haut en bas, et lors de leur extraction de celui-ci, par un mouvement de bas en haut.The figures 8 and 9 show, in a perspective view, from inside the display, respectively to the upper part thereof and at an intermediate level thereof, means that it comprises for guiding the cartridges vertical sliding, when introduced into the display, by a movement up and down, and during their extraction thereof, by a movement from bottom to top.

La figure 10 montre une vue de face du présentoir contenant deux cartouches pleines de bouteilles, de la même façon qu'à la figure 6, le présentoir étant ouvert mais de façon différente de la façon illustrée à la figure 7.The figure 10 shows a front view of the display containing two cartridges full of bottles, in the same way as figure 6 , the display unit being open but in a different way as illustrated in FIG. figure 7 .

Les figures 11 et 12 montrent des vues en perspective, depuis l'extérieur du présentoir, de divers détails localisés en partie basse de celui-ci, ainsi que de certains détails d'une cartouche placée en position inférieure dans l'empilage de deux cartouches à l'intérieur de celui-ci.The Figures 11 and 12 show views in perspective, from outside the display, of various details located in the lower part thereof, as well as some details of a cartridge placed in the lower position in the stack of two cartridges inside of this one.

Les figures 13 à 15 montrent, en une vue en perspective, diverses étapes de la manutention des cartouches entre le plateau d'un camion, le présentoir et le sol sur un site de commercialisation, lorsqu'il s'agit de substituer au moins une cartouche pleine de bouteilles pleines, amenée par le camion, à au moins une cartouche pleine de bouteilles dont au moins certaines sont vides, logée dans le présentoir.The Figures 13 to 15 show, in a perspective view, various steps of handling the cartridges between the truck bed, the display and the floor on a marketing site, when it is a question of substituting at least one cartridge full of full bottles , brought by the truck, to at least one cartridge full of bottles, at least some of which are empty, housed in the display.

Les figures 16 à 18 illustrent, en des vues en perspective, trois états d'un même palonnier selon l'invention, utilisé de préférence comme intermédiaire de suspension d'une cartouche selon l'invention ou d'un casier selon l'invention à un engin de levage tel qu'une grue équipant le camion illustré aux figures 13 à 15.The Figures 16 to 18 illustrate, in perspective views, three states of the same spreader according to the invention, preferably used as suspension intermediate of a cartridge according to the invention or a locker according to the invention to a hoist such as a crane equipping the truck illustrated in Figures 13 to 15 .

On se réfèrera en premier lieu aux figures 1 à 5, 9, 11 et 12, essentiellement, pour décrire une cartouche 1 selon l'invention, dans un mode de réalisation qui regroupe l'ensemble des dispositions actuellement préférées, étant entendu que certaines de ces dispositions pourraient être omises et d'autres ajoutées sans que l'on sorte pour autant du cadre de la présente invention.We will refer first to Figures 1 to 5 , 9 , 11 and 12 , essentially, to describe a cartridge 1 according to the invention, in an embodiment which groups together all the currently preferred arrangements, it being understood that some of these provisions could be omitted and others added without going out for both of the scope of the present invention.

Cette cartouche 1 sera décrite dans une orientation déterminée, qui est celle qu'elle occupe au moins approximativement, en permanence, lorsqu'elle est en service, à savoir une orientation telle que des axes non illustrés, constituant pour chacune des bouteilles 2 qu'elle contient un axe respectif de révolution, soit vertical et qu'un fond 3 plan de chacune des bouteilles 2 soit horizontal et tourné vers le bas. Dans le cas des bouteilles 2 du type illustré, ce fond est circulaire et, dans cette orientation, chacune de bouteilles 2 du type illustré présente vers le haut un manchon coaxial 4, vissé, généralement muni d'une poignée non représentée de préhension de la bouteille et destiné à assurer la protection d'un système de prélèvement de gaz à l'intérieur de la bouteille 2 pendant le stockage et la manutention de cette dernière ; ce manchon 4 présente en référence à l'axe de la bouteille un diamètre inférieur à celui d'une face périphérique extérieure 5, qui délimite la bouteille 2 dans le sens d'un éloignement par rapport à son axe, sur la majeure partie de sa hauteur à partir de son fond 3, laquelle face 5 est cylindrique de révolution autour de l'axe de la bouteille avec un diamètre sensiblement identique à celui du fond 3.This cartridge 1 will be described in a specific orientation, which is the one it occupies at least approximately, permanently, when in use, namely an orientation such as axes. not shown, constituting for each of the bottles 2 that it contains a respective axis of revolution, is vertical and a bottom 3 plan of each of the bottles 2 is horizontal and facing downwards. In the case of bottles 2 of the type illustrated, this bottom is circular and, in this orientation, each bottle 2 of the illustrated type has upwardly a coaxial sleeve 4, screwed, generally provided with a handle not shown for gripping the bottle and intended to ensure the protection of a gas sampling system inside the bottle 2 during storage and handling of the latter; this sleeve 4 has, with reference to the axis of the bottle, a diameter less than that of an outer peripheral face 5, which delimits the bottle 2 in the direction of a distance from its axis, over most of its height from its bottom 3, which face 5 is cylindrical in revolution about the axis of the bottle with a diameter substantially identical to that of the bottom 3.

La cartouche 1 comporte, dans l'exemple préféré illustré, un bâti rigide 6 à claire-voie, en forme de parallélépipède rectangle oblong suivant une direction horizontale 7, longitudinale, qui servira par la suite de référence aux notions de longitudinalité et de transversalité, et avantageusement formé d'un assemblage rigide, par exemple soudé, de tubes métalliques rigides, rectilignes, par exemple de section carrée, définissant ensemble :

  • un cadre 8 d'ossature inférieure rigide, plat, horizontal, rectangulaire, oblong suivant la direction 7 et comportant deux longerons 9 orientés suivant cette direction 7, raccordés mutuellement, à leurs extrémités, par deux traverses 10 et, de préférence, entre leurs extrémités, par des traverses intermédiaires non illustrées, par exemple au nombre de deux,
  • un cadre 11 d'ossature supérieure rigide, plat, horizontal, rectangulaire, oblong suivant la direction 7 et comportant deux longerons 12 orientés suivant cette direction 7, raccordés mutuellement, à leurs extrémités, par deux traverses extrêmes 13 et, de préférence, entre leurs extrémités, par des traverses intermédiaires 14, par exemple au nombre de deux, ce cadre 11 présentant les mêmes dimensions, en plan, que le cadre 8,
  • deux cadres 15 d'ossature latérale rigide, plats, verticaux, rectangulaires et oblongs suivant la direction 7, dont chacun est défini par l'un des longerons 9, un longeron 12 respectif placé au-dessus de ce longeron 9, parallèlement à celui-ci, par deux montants extrêmes 16 respectifs verticaux, qui raccordent une extrémité respective de chaque longeron 9 à une extrémité respective du longeron 12 ainsi associé, et de préférence par au moins un montant intermédiaire 17, à savoir dans l'exemple illustré deux montants intermédiaires 17 verticaux, dont chacun raccorde les longerons 9 et 12 associés à un niveau transversal qui, dans l'exemple illustré, correspond à celui d'une traverse 14 respective du cadre 11 d'ossature supérieure rigide et à celui d'une traverse intermédiaire respective du cadre 8 d'ossature inférieure rigide.
Cartridge 1 comprises, in the preferred example shown, a rigid frame 6 to skeleton, rectangular parallelepiped oblong in a horizontal direction 7, longitudinal, which will subsequently be used as a reference to the notions of longitudinality and transversality, and advantageously formed of a rigid assembly, for example welded, rigid metal tubes, rectilinear, for example of square section, defining together:
  • a frame 8 rigid lower frame, flat, horizontal, rectangular, oblong in the direction 7 and having two longitudinal members 9 oriented in this direction 7, mutually connected at their ends by two cross members 10 and, preferably, between their ends , by intermediate sleepers not illustrated, for example two in number,
  • a frame 11 of rigid upper frame, flat, horizontal, rectangular, oblong in the direction 7 and comprising two longitudinal members 12 oriented in this direction 7, mutually connected at their ends by two end crosspieces 13 and, preferably, between their ends, by intermediate cross members 14, for example two in number, this frame 11 having the same dimensions, in plan, as the frame 8,
  • two rigid, flat, vertical, rectangular and oblong lateral framework frames 15 in the direction 7, each of which is defined by one of the longitudinal members 9, a respective spar 12 placed above this spar 9, parallel to this spar ci, by two respective end uprights 16 vertical, which connect a respective end of each spar 9 to a respective end of the spar 12 thus associated, and preferably by at least one intermediate upright 17, namely in the example shown two intermediate amounts 17 vertical, each of which connects the beams 9 and 12 associated to a transverse level which, in the example illustrated, corresponds to that of a respective cross member 14 of the frame 11 rigid upper frame and that of a respective intermediate cross frame 8 rigid lower frame.

Dans l'exemple illustré, dans lequel la cartouche 1 est destinée à recevoir deux rangées longitudinales, mutuellement adjacentes transversalement, de sept bouteilles 2 identiques et mutuellement adjacentes longitudinalement, le bâti 6 présente :

  • suivant la direction 7 une dimension longitudinale ou longueur intérieure sensiblement égale à sept fois le diamètre de la face périphérique extérieure 5 ou du fond 3 d'une bouteille 2, ce qui définit la longueur des longerons 9 et 12 et la distance séparant mutuellement les montants extrêmes 16 d'un même cadre 15 d'ossature latérale, chacun des montants intermédiaires 17 étant espacé du montant extrême 16 le plus proche d'une distance sensiblement égale à deux fois ce diamètre alors que les deux montants intermédiaires 17 correspondant à un même cadre 15 d'ossature latérale sont mutuellement espacés d'une distance correspondant sensiblement au triple de ce diamètre,
  • une dimension transversale, horizontale, ou largeur intérieure sensiblement égale au double de ce diamètre, ce qui définit la longueur des traverses 10, 13, 14 et la distance séparant mutuellement deux montants 16 ou 17 situés à un même niveau transversal, et
  • une dimension transversale verticale ou hauteur intérieure au moins égale à la hauteur hors tout d'une bouteille 2, mesurée entre son fond 3 et le haut du manchon 4, ce qui définit la longueur des montants 16 et 17 et la distance séparant respectivement les longerons 12 et les traverses 13 et 14 du cadre 11 d'ossature supérieure, des longerons 9 des traverses 10 et des traverses intermédiaires non illustrées du cadre 8 d'ossature inférieure.
In the illustrated example, in which the cartridge 1 is intended to receive two transversely mutually adjacent longitudinal rows of seven identical and mutually adjacent bottles 2 longitudinally, the frame 6 has:
  • along the direction 7 a longitudinal dimension or inner length substantially equal to seven times the diameter of the outer peripheral face 5 or the bottom 3 of a bottle 2, which defines the length of the side members 9 and 12 and the distance between the amounts mutually extremes 16 of the same frame 15 of lateral frame, each of the intermediate uprights 17 being spaced from the extreme end 16 closest to a distance substantially equal to twice this diameter while the two intermediate amounts 17 corresponding to the same lateral frame frame 15 are spaced apart by a distance corresponding substantially to three times this diameter,
  • a transverse dimension, horizontal, or internal width substantially equal to twice this diameter, which defines the length of the crosspieces 10, 13, 14 and the distance mutually separating two uprights 16 or 17 located at the same transverse level, and
  • a vertical transverse dimension or internal height at least equal to the overall height of a bottle 2, measured between its bottom 3 and the top of the sleeve 4, which defines the length of the uprights 16 and 17 and the distance separating respectively the longitudinal members 12 and the crosspieces 13 and 14 of the frame 11 of upper frame, longitudinal members 9 of the crosspieces 10 and intermediate crosses not shown frame 8 of lower frame.

Un Homme du métier adapterait aisément la longueur intérieure ou la largeur intérieure de la cartouche 1 au cas où le nombre de bouteilles par rangée ou le nombre de rangées serait différent, étant entendu que :

  • la longueur intérieure de la cartouche 1 serait dans chaque cas sensiblement égale au produit du nombre de bouteilles par rangée par les dimensions en plan, hors tout, de chaque bouteille, augmentée d'un faible jeu fonctionnel, par exemple de quelques centimètres, et que
  • la largeur intérieure de la cartouche 1 serait dans chaque cas sensiblement égale au produit du nombre de rangées par les dimensions en plan, hors tout, de chaque bouteille, augmentée d'un faible jeu fonctionnel, par exemple de quelques centimètres.
A person skilled in the art would easily adapt the inner length or the internal width of the cartridge 1 in the case where the number of bottles per row or the number of rows would be different, it being understood that:
  • the internal length of the cartridge 1 would in each case be substantially equal to the product of the number of bottles per row by the overall plan dimensions, of each bottle, increased by a small functional clearance, for example by a few centimeters, and that
  • the internal width of the cartridge 1 would in each case be substantially equal to the product of the number of rows by the overall plan dimensions, of each bottle, increased by a small functional clearance, for example a few centimeters.

Vers le haut, c'est-à-dire vers l'intérieur du bâti 6, le cadre 8 d'ossature inférieure porte solidairement, par exemple par soudure, un plancher plat, horizontal, 18 de préférence constitué d'une tôle, elle-même de préférence perforée à un diamètre faible par rapport à celui du fond 3 d'une bouteille 2 afin de réduire le bruit que les bouteilles peuvent produire en glissant par leur fond 3 sur le plancher 18 lorsqu'on garnit la cartouche 1 en bouteilles 2 pleines ou lorsqu'on en prélève des bouteilles 2 pleines ou vides. Naturellement, l'épaisseur de ce plancher 18 doit être prise en compte dans le calcul de la hauteur intérieure de la cartouche 1, comparée à la hauteur hors tout d'une bouteille 2.Upwardly, that is to say towards the inside of the frame 6, the frame 8 of the lower frame bears integrally, for example by welding, a flat, horizontal floor 18, preferably made of sheet metal, -even preferably perforated to a small diameter by relative to that of the bottom 3 of a bottle 2 in order to reduce the noise that the bottles can produce by sliding by their bottom 3 on the floor 18 when filling the cartridge 1 in bottles 2 full or when taking bottles 2 full or empty. Naturally, the thickness of this floor 18 must be taken into account in the calculation of the internal height of the cartridge 1, compared to the overall height of a bottle 2.

Afin d'éviter toute chute intempestive des bouteilles 2 par glissement sur le plancher 18 pendant les manutentions de la cartouche 1, celle-ci comporte quatre barrières latérales qui bordent le plancher 18 par un côté respectif de celui-ci et, comme le montre la figure 1, sont agencées pour pouvoir cerner de toute part les bouteilles 2 mutuellement juxtaposées, dans une position respective d'enfermement périphérique de ces bouteilles. A cet effet, les barrières latérales sont situées à un niveau des montants 16 et 17 intermédiaire entre les niveaux respectifs du cadre d'ossature inférieure 18 et du cadre d'ossature supérieure 11, à savoir plus précisément à un niveau correspondant à celui des faces périphériques extérieures 5 des bouteilles 2, qui s'appuient ainsi contre ces barrières par ces faces périphériques extérieures 5.In order to prevent unintentional falling of the bottles 2 by sliding on the floor 18 during the handling of the cartridge 1, it comprises four lateral barriers which line the floor 18 by a respective side thereof and, as shown in FIG. figure 1 , are arranged to be able to surround all the bottles 2 mutually juxtaposed in a respective position of peripheral confinement of these bottles. For this purpose, the side barriers are located at a level of the uprights 16 and 17 intermediate between the respective levels of the lower frame frame 18 and the upper frame frame 11, namely more precisely to a level corresponding to that of the faces outer peripherals 5 of the bottles 2, which thus bear against these barriers by these outer peripheral faces 5.

Dans l'exemple illustré, l'une, 19, de ces barrières latérales, associée à un grand côté du plancher 18, c'est-à-dire à l'un des cadres 15 d'ossature latérale, est solidarisée de façon permanente avec ce cadre d'ossature latérale, de façon à occuper en permanence sa position d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles 2. A cet effet, elle est constituée par exemple de deux barreaux rigides, rectilignes, parallèles au plancher 18, et solidarisés par exemple par soudure avec les montants 16 et 17 du cadre 15 d'ossature latérale correspondant ; l'un de ces barreaux est situé au niveau précité, choisi de telle sorte que les bouteilles 2 les plus proches s'appliquent contre lui par la face périphérique extérieure 5, pour constituer la barrière 19 proprement dite, alors que l'autre barreau est situé à un niveau intermédiaire entre celui du barreau précité et celui du longeron supérieur 12 du cadre 15 d'ossature latérale correspondant, pour jouer plutôt un rôle de rigidification de ce cadre 15.In the illustrated example, one, 19, of these side barriers, associated with a large side of the floor 18, that is to say one of the frames 15 of lateral frame, is permanently attached to with this frame of lateral frame, so as to permanently occupy its position of peripheral confinement of the bottles 2. For this purpose, it consists for example of two rigid bars, rectilinear, parallel to the floor 18, and secured for example by welding with the uprights 16 and 17 of the frame 15 corresponding lateral frame; one of these bars is located at the aforementioned level, chosen so that the Bottles 2 closest to him apply against him by the outer peripheral face 5, to constitute the barrier 19 itself, while the other bar is located at an intermediate level between that of the aforementioned bar and that of the upper spar 12 of the frame 15 of corresponding lateral framework, to play rather a role of stiffening of this frame 15.

Deux autres barrières latérales 20, associées aux petits côtés du plancher 18, peuvent être également solidarisées de façon permanente avec le bâti, c'est-à-dire par exemple avec les montants 16 raccordant mutuellement les traverses 10 et 13 correspondantes, mais, selon le mode de réalisation préféré d'une cartouche 1 selon l'invention qui a été illustré, chacune de ces barrières 20 est constituée par un barreau rigide, rectiligne, parallèle au plancher 18 et susceptible de se déplacer, par coulissement le long des montants 16 correspondants, entre une position basse d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles, illustrée par exemple aux figures 1, 5, 9, dans laquelle son niveau par rapport au plancher 18 est tel que les bouteilles 2 voisines s'y appuient par leur face périphérique extérieure 5, et une position haute de libération des bouteilles, non illustrée, dans laquelle ce barreau 20 jouxte la traverse 13 correspondante pour libérer totalement le passage pour les bouteilles 2.Two other lateral barriers 20, associated with the short sides of the floor 18, can also be permanently secured to the frame, that is to say for example with the uprights 16 mutually connecting the crosspieces 10 and 13 corresponding, but, according to the preferred embodiment of a cartridge 1 according to the invention which has been illustrated, each of these barriers 20 is constituted by a rigid bar, rectilinear, parallel to the floor 18 and able to move, by sliding along the uprights 16 between a low position of peripheral confinement of the bottles, illustrated for example in figures 1 , 5 , 9 , in which its level with respect to the floor 18 is such that the adjacent bottles 2 are supported by their outer peripheral face 5, and a high bottle release position, not shown, in which the bar 20 adjoins the corresponding cross member 13 to completely release the passage for the bottles 2.

A cet effet, chacun des barreaux constitutif des barrières 20 est monté, par ses extrémités, au coulissement le long d'un câble respectif 21 qui longe le montant 16 correspondant, parallèlement à ce montant 16, à l'extérieur du cadre 15 d'ossature latérale correspondant et est solidarisé par ses extrémités avec le montant 16 correspondant d'une part par l'intermédiaire d'une potence 22 respective située à l'extrémité supérieure de ce montant 16, c'est-à-dire au raccordement de celui-ci avec la traverse 13 correspondante, et d'autre part par l'intermédiaire d'une console 23 située sur le montant 16 correspondant à un niveau qui est celui du barreau constitutif de la barrière 20 en position d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles.For this purpose, each of the bars constituting the barriers 20 is mounted, at its ends, to slide along a respective cable 21 which runs along the corresponding upright 16, parallel to this upright 16, outside the frame 15 of FIG. corresponding lateral frame and is secured by its ends with the corresponding upright 16 on the one hand via a bracket 22 respectively located at the upper end of the upright 16, that is to say the connection of the with the corresponding crossbar 13, and on the other hand via a console 23 located on the upright 16 corresponding to a level which is that of the bar constituting the barrier 20 in position of peripheral confinement of the bottles.

Un tel montage est identique à celui des barrières mobiles des casiers standardisés de l'Art antérieur, et ne sera de ce fait pas davantage détaillé. On rappellera simplement que chacune des consoles 23 constitue un crochet tourné vers le haut et coopère avec l'extrémité respectivement correspondante, convenablement conformée, du barreau constitutif de la barrière 20 de telle sorte que, dans une orientation que celle-ci tend à prendre par gravité, le crochet retienne l'extrémité correspondante à l'encontre d'un mouvement vers le haut, c'est-à-dire retienne la barrière 20 dans sa position d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles, à l'encontre d'un déplacement vers sa position de libération de ces dernières, et qu'une rotation appliquée au barreau sur lui-même permette de le dégager vis-à-vis d'un mouvement vers le haut afin de permettre d'amener la barrière 20 à sa position de libération des bouteilles.Such an assembly is identical to that of the mobile barriers standardized lockers of the prior art, and therefore will not be more detailed. It will be recalled simply that each of the brackets 23 constitutes an upwardly facing hook and cooperates with the respectively corresponding, suitably shaped end of the bar constituting the barrier 20 so that, in an orientation that this tends to take by gravity, the hook holds the corresponding end against an upward movement, that is to say, hold the barrier 20 in its position of peripheral confinement of the bottles, against a displacement towards its release position of the latter, and that a rotation applied to the bar on itself makes it possible to disengage it with respect to an upward movement in order to allow the barrier 20 to be brought to its position of release of the bottles.

Cependant, dans le cas d'une cartouche 1 selon l'invention, à chaque console 23 peut être associé un système de verrouillage à serrure de la barrière 20 correspondante dans sa position d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles, par exemple sous la forme d'un cadenas monté dans un trou percé dans chaque console 23, au-dessus de l'extrémité correspondante du barreau constitutif de la barrière 20 en position d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles, comme le comprendra aisément un Homme du métier. D'autres moyens de verrouillage de la serrure peuvent être utilisés à cet effet, tels qu'un goupillage du barreau constitutif de la barrière 20 sur chaque console 23 ou sur le montant 16 correspondant. Le choix et le montage de tels moyens de verrouillage à serrure relèvent des aptitudes normales d'un Homme du métier, et n'ont pas été illustrés.However, in the case of a cartridge 1 according to the invention, each console 23 may be associated with a lock locking system of the corresponding barrier 20 in its position of peripheral confinement of the bottles, for example in the form of a padlock mounted in a hole drilled in each bracket 23, above the corresponding end of the bar constituting the barrier 20 in the peripheral position of enclosing the bottles, as will be readily understood by a person skilled in the art. Other locking means of the lock can be used for this purpose, such as pinning of the bar constituting the barrier 20 on each console 23 or on the upright 16 corresponding. The choice and mounting of such lock locking means are within the normal abilities of a person skilled in the art, and have not been illustrated.

Conformément à la présente invention, la barrière 24 correspondant au grand côté du plancher 18 opposé à celui qui correspond à la barrière 19 est également mobile entre une position d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles, dans laquelle elle est illustrée aux figures 1, 2, 3, 5 et dans laquelle elle se situe à un niveau intermédiaire des montants 16 et 17, de façon à servir d'appui à la face périphérique extérieure 5 des bouteilles 2 voisines, et une position de libération des bouteilles 2, dans laquelle elle est illustrée à la figure 4 et jouxte le longeron supérieur 12 du cadre 15 d'ossature latérale correspondant.According to the present invention, the barrier 24 corresponding to the long side of the floor 18 opposite to that corresponding to the barrier 19 is also movable between a position of peripheral confinement of the bottles, in which it is illustrated in FIGS. figures 1 , 2 , 3 , 5 and in which it is located at an intermediate level of the uprights 16 and 17, so as to serve as a support for the outer peripheral face 5 of the adjacent bottles 2, and a release position of the bottles 2, in which it is illustrated in FIG. figure 4 and adjoins the upper spar 12 of the corresponding lateral framework frame 15.

Comme les barrières 20, la barrière 24 est constituée par un barreau parallèle au plancher 18 et guidé par chacune de ses extrémités, au coulissement le long d'un montant 16 respectif du cadre 15 d'ossature latérale correspondant.Like the barriers 20, the barrier 24 is constituted by a bar parallel to the floor 18 and guided by each of its ends, sliding along a respective upright 16 of the frame 15 corresponding lateral framework.

Plus précisément, dans l'exemple illustré, chacun des montants 16 de ce cadre 15 présente vers l'autre montant 16, de façon solidaire, une glissière 25 qui le longe sur la totalité de sa hauteur et présente la forme d'un profilé rectiligne à section en U, les sections en U des deux glissières 25 étant ouvertes l'une vers l'autre pour recevoir et guider au coulissement un embout extrême 26 respectif du barreau constitutif de la barrière 24.More specifically, in the illustrated example, each of the uprights 16 of the frame 15 has towards the other upright 16, integrally, a slide 25 which runs along its entire height and has the shape of a straight section with U-section, the U-shaped sections of the two slideways 25 being open towards each other to receive and guide sliding an end piece 26 respective of the bar constituting the barrier 24.

Contrairement au barreau constitutif d'une barrière 20, qui est rigide à l'encontre d'un fléchissement dans toute direction, dans des conditions normales d'utilisation, le barreau constitutif de la barrière 24 n'est rigide qu'à l'encontre d'un fléchissement en direction verticale, et il est par contre élastiquement flexible en direction horizontale, c'est-à-dire tout en restant parallèle au plancher 18 alors que ses embouts 26 restent engagés dans les glissières 25.Unlike the bar constituting a barrier 20, which is rigid against a deflection in any direction, under normal conditions of use, the bar constituting the barrier 24 is rigid only against of a deflection in the vertical direction, and it is against elastically flexible in the horizontal direction, that is to say while remaining parallel to the floor 18 while its end pieces 26 remain engaged in the slides 25.

Cette flexibilité privilégiée peut être inhérente au matériau constitutif du barreau, et concerner celui-ci sur la totalité de sa longueur entre ses embouts 26, mais, dans l'exemple illustré, elle est réalisée par une liaison élastiquement flexible appropriée, en regard de chacun des montants intermédiaires 17, entre des tronçons rectilignes 27 du barreau ainsi constitutif de la barrière 24, quant à eux rigides à l'encontre d'un fléchissement dans toute direction dans les conditions normales d'utilisation.This privileged flexibility can be inherent in the constituent material of the bar, and concern it over its entire length between its end pieces 26, but, in the example illustrated, it is made by a suitable elastically flexible connection, facing each of the intermediate uprights 17, between rectilinear sections 27 of the bar thus constituting the barrier 24, as for them rigid against a deflection in any direction under the normal conditions of use.

Plus précisément, ce barreau est constitué de trois tronçons 27 dont deux sont situés entre un montant 16 respectif et le montant intermédiaire 17 le plus proche de ce montant 16 et dont le troisième est situé entre les deux montants 17, et une liaison élastique est assurée entre ce tronçon 27 central et chacun des tronçons 27 ainsi extrêmes par un raccord respectif 28 présentant une flexibilité élastique suivant une direction transversale horizontale, c'est-à-dire parallèle au plancher 18, et une rigidité suivant une direction transversale verticale, c'est-à-dire perpendiculaire à ce plancher 18.More precisely, this bar consists of three sections 27, two of which are situated between a respective upright 16 and the intermediate upright 17 closest to this upright 16 and the third of which is situated between the two uprights 17, and an elastic connection is ensured. between this central section 27 and each of the sections 27 thus end by a respective connector 28 having an elastic flexibility in a horizontal transverse direction, that is to say parallel to the floor 18, and a rigidity in a vertical transverse direction, c ' that is to say perpendicular to this floor 18.

A cet effet, chacun des raccords 28 peut avantageusement présenter une zone de liaison rigide avec chacun des tronçons 27 qu'il relie, par exemple sous la forme d'une douille respective 29 s'emboîtant longitudinalement sur une extrémité correspondante du tronçon 27 considéré, chacune des douilles 29 étant située du même côté du montant intermédiaire 17 correspondant que le tronçon 27 considéré, et les deux douilles 29 constitutives d'un même raccord 28 sont raccordées mutuellement par une patte 30 présentant l'élasticité sélective recherchée et longeant le montant intermédiaire 17 correspondant par l'intérieur de la cartouche 1.For this purpose, each of the connectors 28 may advantageously have a rigid connection zone with each of the sections 27 that it connects, for example in the form of a respective sleeve 29 fitting longitudinally on a corresponding end of the section 27 considered, each of the bushings 29 being located on the same side of the corresponding intermediate upright 17 as the section 27 considered, and the two bushings 29 constituting the same connection 28 are mutually connected by a tab 30 having the desired selective elasticity and along the intermediate amount 17 corresponding from the inside of the cartridge 1.

Chacun des embouts 26 peut également présenter la forme d'une douille 31 emboîtée longitudinalement sur l'extrémité correspondante de l'un, respectif, des tronçons 27 extrêmes, cette douille 31 portant solidairement une patte 32 qui s'engage dans la glissière 25 correspondante aux fins d'assurer le guidage au coulissement recherché, le long de celle-ci, toutefois en bénéficiant à l'intérieur de cette glissière d'un débattement suffisant, dans toute direction horizontale, pour autoriser un fléchissement du barreau constitutif de la barrière 24 dans des conditions qui vont être décrites à présent, et un raccourcissement apparent du barreau entre ses extrémités, en raison de ce fléchissement, sans que ce raccourcissement apparent se traduise par un dégagement des pattes 32 des embouts 26 par rapport aux glissières 25.Each of the end pieces 26 may also have the shape of a sleeve 31 fitted longitudinally on the corresponding end of a respective one of the end sections 27, this sleeve 31 carrying solidly a tab 32 which engages in the corresponding slideway 25 for the purpose of guiding the desired sliding along it, however benefiting inside this slide of a sufficient clearance in any direction horizontal, to allow a deflection of the bar constituting the barrier 24 under conditions that will be described now, and an apparent shortening of the bar between its ends, because of this deflection, without this apparent shortening results in a release of tabs 32 of the end pieces 26 with respect to the slides 25.

Dans un état de repos illustré en particulier aux figures 1, 2 et 3, c'est-à-dire en l'absence de sollicitation, le barreau constitutif de la barrière 24 présente une conformation rectiligne, dans laquelle chacune des pattes 30 s'applique contre le montant intermédiaire 17 respectivement correspondant, à l'intérieur de la cartouche 1.In a state of rest illustrated in particular with figures 1 , 2 and 3 , that is to say in the absence of bias, the bar constituting the barrier 24 has a rectilinear conformation, in which each of the tabs 30 is applied against the corresponding intermediate amount 17 respectively, within the cartridge 1.

Dans la position de la barrière 24 ainsi illustrée aux figures 1 à 3, qui correspond à la position d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles, dans laquelle les faces périphériques extérieures 5 des bouteilles 2 voisines peuvent s'appuyer sur le barreau constitutif de cette barrière 24, les pattes 32 des deux embouts 26 sont en appui vers le bas sur une butée respective 33 réalisée par exemple sous forme d'une patte soudée sur la glissière 25 respectivement correspondante pour fermer localement celle-ci, comme le montre en particulier la figure 11, alors que chacune des pattes 30 bute vers le haut contre un taquet respectif 34 que chacun des montants intermédiaires 17 porte solidairement, en saillie vers l'intérieur de la cartouche 1, dans une position appropriée, intermédiaire entre les niveaux des extrémités respectivement inférieure et supérieure de ce montant intermédiaire 17.In the position of the barrier 24 thus illustrated to Figures 1 to 3 , which corresponds to the position of peripheral confinement of the bottles, in which the outer peripheral faces 5 of the adjacent bottles 2 can bear against the bar constituting this barrier 24, the tabs 32 of the two end pieces 26 are supported downwards on a respective abutment 33 made for example in the form of a tab welded to the slider 25 respectively corresponding to locally close it, as shown in particular the figure 11 , while each of the tabs 30 abuts against a respective tab 34 that each of the intermediate uprights 17 bears integrally, projecting towards the inside of the cartridge 1, in an appropriate position, intermediate between the levels of the ends respectively lower and greater of this intermediate amount 17.

Chacun des taquets 34 présente vers le bas une face inférieure 35 plane, perpendiculaire au montant intermédiaire 17 correspondant, pour servir de butée à la patte 30 correspondante vers le haut. Vers l'intérieur de la cartouche 1, cette face inférieure 35 se raccorde à une face frontale 36 également plane, parallèle au montant 17 correspondant. Cette face frontale 36 est tournée vers l'intérieur de la cartouche 1 et se raccorde vers le haut à une face supérieure 37 du taquet 34, laquelle constitue un pan oblique par rapport au montant 17, dont cette face 37 se rapproche progressivement vers le haut jusqu'à le rejoindre.Each of the tabs 34 has downwardly a planar lower face, perpendicular to the corresponding intermediate upright 17, to serve as a stop for the corresponding tab 30 upwards. Towards the inside of the cartridge 1, this lower face 35 is connected to a front face 36 which is also flat, parallel to the corresponding upright 17. This end face 36 is turned towards the inside of the cartridge 1 and is connected upwardly to an upper face 37 of the cleat 34, which constitutes an oblique face with respect to the upright 17, of which this face 37 is progressively moving towards the top to join him.

On observera qu'un appui éventuel des bouteilles 2 contre les tronçons 27 du barreau constitutif de la barrière 24, occupant sa position d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles 2, ne peut que renforcer l'effet de verrouillage de ce barreau, par les taquets 24, dans cette position, en tendant à appliquer chaque patte 30 contre le montant 17 correspondant, dans un sens allant de l'intérieur de la cartouche 1 vers l'extérieur de celle-ci.It will be observed that any support of the bottles 2 against the sections 27 of the bar constituting the barrier 24, occupying its position of peripheral confinement of the bottles 2, can only enhance the locking effect of this bar, by the cleats 24 in this position, tending to apply each leg 30 against the corresponding upright 17 in a direction from the inside of the cartridge 1 to the outside thereof.

La saillie que la face frontale 36 du taquet 34 forme, suivant une direction transversale parallèle au plancher 18, à l'intérieur de la cartouche 1, par rapport au montant intermédiaire 17 correspondant, la dimension de la patte 30 suivant la même direction et le jeu fonctionnel correspondant à un excès d'écartement mutuel que la barrière 24 et la barrière 19 présentent, lorsque le barreau constitutif de la barrière 24 présente sa conformation de repos, par rapport au double du diamètre de la face périphérique extérieure 5 ou du fond 3 d'une bouteille 2, c'est-à-dire plus généralement au produit du nombre de rangées longitudinales de bouteilles 2 par les dimensions hors tout, en plan, de chacune d'entre elles, sont choisis tels qu'à partir de cette conformation de repos, on puisse faire fléchir le barreau constitutif de la barrière 24 vers l'intérieur de la cartouche 1, en poussant sur le tronçon 27 central de ce barreau, jusqu'à ce que chacune des pattes 30 soit dégagée de la face inférieure 35 du taquet 34 correspondant, et que l'on puisse ainsi imprimer au barreau un mouvement vers le haut, au cours duquel chacune des pattes 30 franchit le taquet 34 correspondant, pour amener le barreau à sa position de libération des bouteilles illustrée à la figure 4.The protrusion that the front face 36 of the cleat 34 forms, in a transverse direction parallel to the floor 18, inside the cartridge 1, with respect to the corresponding intermediate upright 17, the dimension of the lug 30 in the same direction and the functional clearance corresponding to an excess of mutual separation that the barrier 24 and the barrier 19 have, when the bar constituting the barrier 24 has its rest conformation, with respect to twice the diameter of the outer peripheral face 5 or the bottom 3 of a bottle 2, that is to say more generally to the product of the number of longitudinal rows of bottles 2 by the overall dimensions, in plan, of each of them, are chosen such that from this rest conformation, it is possible to bend the bar constituting the barrier 24 towards the inside of the cartridge 1, in pushing on the central section 27 of this bar, until each of the tabs 30 is disengaged from the lower face 35 of the corresponding cleat 34, and that it is thus possible to print at the bar a movement upwards, during which each of the tabs 30 passes the corresponding tab 34, to bring the bar to its bottle release position illustrated in FIG. figure 4 .

Dans cette position de libération, ou position limite haute, la patte 30 de chaque raccord 28 prend appui vers le bas sur un autre taquet 38, situé à l'extrémité supérieure du montant 17 correspondant, ou à proximité immédiate de cette extrémité supérieure, de façon à assurer une retenue amovible du barreau, revenu à sa conformation de repos, dans cette position de libération de bouteilles.In this release position, or high limit position, the tab 30 of each connector 28 bears downward on another tab 38, located at the upper end of the corresponding upright 17, or in the immediate vicinity of this upper end, of so as to ensure a removable retainer of the bar, returned to its conformation of rest, in this position of release of bottles.

A cet effet, chaque taquet supérieur 38 présente vers le haut une face supérieure plane 39 perpendiculaire au montant 17 correspondant et se raccordant, dans le sens d'un éloignement par rapport à celui-ci, à un flanc plan 40, parallèle à ce montant 17, d'un rebord 41 du taquet 38. Vers le haut, ce flanc 40 se raccorde à une face supérieure 42 du rebord 41, laquelle est plane et orientée parallèlement à la face supérieure 39, et cette face 42 se raccorde elle-même, dans le sens d'un éloignement par rapport au montant 17, à une face frontale 43 du taquet 38, laquelle est parallèle au montant 17 et tournée vers l'intérieur de la cartouche 1. Cette face frontale 43 se raccorde elle-même, ver les bas, à une face inférieure 44 du taquet 38, laquelle est plane et forme un pan oblique par rapport au montant 17 et se rapprochant de celui-ci vers le bas.For this purpose, each upper cleat 38 has upwardly a flat upper face 39 perpendicular to the corresponding upright 17 and connected, in the direction of a distance relative thereto, to a flat flank 40, parallel to this amount 17, a flange 41 of the cleat 38. Upwards, this flank 40 is connected to an upper face 42 of the rim 41, which is flat and oriented parallel to the upper face 39, and this face 42 connects itself , in the direction of a distance relative to the upright 17, to a front face 43 of the catch 38, which is parallel to the upright 17 and facing towards the inside of the cartridge 1. This end face 43 connects itself, downwards, to a lower face 44 of the cleat 38, which is flat and forms an oblique portion relative to the amount 17 and approaching it downwards.

Le flanc 40 du rebord 41 du taquet supérieur 38 est suffisamment espacé du montant intermédiaire 17 correspondant pour permettre l'engagement de l'une, respectives, des pattes 30 alors que le barreau constitutif de la barrière 24 présente sa conformation de repos et occupe sa position de libération des bouteilles, afin d'éviter tout dégagement accidentel de ce barreau. En outre, la face supérieure 42 du rebord 41 est suffisamment éloignée, verticalement, de la traverse 14 la plus proche du montant intermédiaire 17 correspondant pour que, par un mouvement ascendant et alors que l'on fait fléchir élastiquement le barreau vers l'intérieur de la cartouche 1, chacune des pattes 30 puisse être dégagée du taquet supérieur 38 correspondant et franchir son rebord 41 pour permettre le retour du barreau constitutif de la barrière 24 dans sa position d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles.The flank 40 of the rim 41 of the upper cleat 38 is sufficiently spaced from the corresponding intermediate upright 17 to allow the engagement of a respective one of the tabs 30 while the bar constituting the barrier 24 has its conformation of FIG. rest and occupies its bottle release position, to prevent accidental release of this bar. In addition, the upper face 42 of the rim 41 is sufficiently distant, vertically, from the cross member 14 closest to the intermediate upright 17 corresponding so that, by an upward movement and while it is elastically bending the bar inwardly of the cartridge 1, each of the tabs 30 can be released from the corresponding upper latch 38 and cross its rim 41 to allow the return of the bar constituting the barrier 24 in its position of peripheral confinement of the bottles.

Un dimensionnement relatif approprié des deux taquets 34 et 38, du rebord 41 du taquet supérieur 38 et de la patte 30 associée relève des aptitudes normales d'un Homme du métier. On observera que les pans inclinés constitués respectivement par la face supérieure 37 du taquet inférieur 34 et par la face inférieure 39 du taquet supérieur 38 facilitent le franchissement de ces taquets 34 et 38 par la patte 30 correspondante lorsque le barreau constitutif de la barrière 24 approche respectivement de la position d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles, par un mouvement de haut en bas, et de la position de libération des bouteille, par un mouvement de bas en haut.Appropriate relative sizing of the two tabs 34 and 38, the flange 41 of the upper latch 38 and the associated tab 30 is within the skill of a person skilled in the art. It will be observed that the inclined faces constituted respectively by the upper face 37 of the lower cleat 34 and by the lower face 39 of the upper cleat 38 facilitate the crossing of these cleats 34 and 38 by the corresponding lug 30 when the bar constituting the barrier 24 approaches. respectively from the position of peripheral confinement of the bottles, by a movement from top to bottom, and the position of release of the bottle, by a movement from bottom to top.

Naturellement, il est bien entendu que cette conception de la barrière 24 et des moyens permettant de l'immobiliser de façon amovible dans sa position basse d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles et dans sa position haute de libération de celles-ci ne constitue qu'un exemple non limitatif, et que d'autres modes de réalisation pourront être choisis sans que l'on sorte pour autant du cadre de la présente invention.Naturally, it is understood that this design of the barrier 24 and means for detachably immobilizing it in its lower position of peripheral confinement of the bottles and in its upper position of release thereof is only one non-limiting example, and that other embodiments may be chosen without departing from the scope of the present invention.

De même, il est bien entendu qu'au même titre que les barrières 20, la barrière 24 peut être équipée de moyens de verrouillage amovible, à serrure, dans la position d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles, par exemple sous la forme bien connue d'un cadenas ou d'une goupille munie d'un cadenas, retenant respectivement chacun des embouts 26 à l'encontre d'un coulissement vers le haut dans la glissière 25 correspondante, convenablement munie de trous de passage pour ce cadenas ou cette goupille, ou encore de moyens similaires prévus au niveau des montants intermédiaires 17 et des raccords 28 si l'on se réfère plus spécifiquement à l'exemple de réalisation de la barrière 24 qui a été décrit. Ces moyens de verrouillage n'ont pas été illustrés, leur conception et leur positionnement relevant des aptitudes normales d'un Homme du métier.Similarly, it is understood that, in the same way as the barriers 20, the barrier 24 can be equipped with removable locking means, with a lock, in the position of peripheral confinement of the bottles, by example in the well-known form of a padlock or pin provided with a padlock, respectively retaining each of the ferrules 26 against sliding upwards in the corresponding slideway 25, suitably provided with through holes for this padlock or this pin, or similar means provided at the intermediate amounts 17 and connectors 28 if we refer more specifically to the embodiment of the barrier 24 which has been described. These locking means have not been illustrated, and their design and positioning are within the normal abilities of a person skilled in the art.

Afin de permettre un empilement stable de plusieurs cartouches 1 présentant la même direction longitudinale 7, le cadre 11 d'ossature supérieure porte solidairement, par l'intermédiaire de goussets 45 raccordant mutuellement les longerons 12 et les traverses 13 à chacun de ses angles, quatre taquets 46 de centrage dont chacun est ainsi situé à l'intérieur de l'un, respectif, des angles formés par les longerons 12 et les traverses 13, qu'il jouxte étroitement, et forme une saillie vers le haut par rapport au cadre 11 d'ossature supérieure rigide. Chacun des taquets 46 présente du côté du longeron 12 correspondant et du côté de la traverse 13 correspondante un pan incliné respectif 47, 48, orienté de telle sorte que les pans 48 des différents taquets 46 se rapprochent mutuellement vers le haut et qu'il en soit de même des pans 47 de ces différents taquets 46, dans une relation de symétrie mutuelle par rapport à deux plans moyens 49, 50 de symétrie du bâti 6 de la cartouche 1, ces deux plans 49 et 50 étant verticaux, c'est-à-dire perpendiculaires au plancher 18, et orientés respectivement transversalement et longitudinalement.In order to allow stable stacking of several cartridges 1 having the same longitudinal direction 7, the frame 11 of the upper frame integrally carries, via gussets 45 mutually connecting the longitudinal members 12 and crosspieces 13 at each of its angles, four centering cleats 46, each of which is thus located inside a respective one of the angles formed by the longitudinal members 12 and the crosspieces 13, which it closely adjoins, and forms an upward projection with respect to the frame 11 rigid upper frame. Each of the lugs 46 has on the side of the corresponding spar 12 and the side of the corresponding cross member 13 a respective inclined face 47, 48, oriented so that the sides 48 of the different cleats 46 approach each other upwards and that it Similarly, sections 47 of these different catches 46, in a relationship of mutual symmetry with respect to two plane means 49, 50 of symmetry of the frame 6 of the cartridge 1, these two planes 49 and 50 being vertical, that is, that is to say perpendicular to the floor 18, and respectively oriented transversely and longitudinally.

A cet effet, également, le cadre 8 d'ossature inférieure est muni sur la totalité de sa périphérie d'une jupe continue 51 intégralement placée en retrait vers le bas par rapport au plancher 18 et formant, en dessous du cadre 8 d'ossature inférieure une saillie au moins égale à celle que chacun des taquets 46 forme au-dessus du cadre 11 d'ossature supérieure. Ainsi, par un bord inférieur libre 52 de la jupe 51, situé dans un plan parallèle au plancher 18, en dessous du cadre 8 d'ossature inférieure rigide et continu hormis de façon étroitement localisée en deux emplacements situés respectivement sous l'un et l'autre des montants intermédiaires 17 du cadre 15 d'ossature latérale correspondant à la barrière 19, où la jupe 51 présente une encoche localisée respective 53 débouchant dans ce bord inférieur libre 52, une cartouche selon l'invention 1 peut reposer à plat sur le cadre 11 d'ossature supérieure rigide d'une autre cartouche 1 selon l'invention, de façon pratiquement continue, en enveloppant par la jupe 51 les quatre taquets 46 correspondants, qui s'emboîtent dans un coin respectif de la jupe 51 et assurent un positionnement relatif précis, affiné lors du dépôt de la cartouche 1 supérieure sur la cartouche 1 inférieure par coopération des pans inclinés 47 et 48 avec la jupe 51.For this purpose, also, the frame 8 of lower frame is provided over its entire periphery with a continuous skirt 51 integrally set back down from the floor 18 and forming, in below the frame 8 of lower frame a projection at least equal to that each of the tabs 46 forms above the frame 11 of upper frame. Thus, by a free lower edge 52 of the skirt 51, located in a plane parallel to the floor 18, below the rigid and continuous lower frame frame 8, except in a closely localized manner at two locations located respectively under the one and the other intermediate posts 17 of the lateral frame 15 corresponding to the barrier 19, where the skirt 51 has a respective localized notch 53 opening into this free lower edge 52, a cartridge according to the invention 1 can lie flat on the frame 11 rigid upper frame of another cartridge 1 according to the invention, substantially continuously, enveloping by the skirt 51 the four tabs 46 corresponding, which fit into a respective corner of the skirt 51 and provide a precise relative positioning, refined during the deposition of the upper cartridge 1 on the lower cartridge 1 by cooperation of inclined faces 47 and 48 with the skirt 51.

On peut ainsi empiler tout nombre de cartouches 1 selon l'invention, vides ou pleines, dans de bonnes conditions de stabilité.One can thus stack any number of cartridges 1 according to the invention, empty or full, in good conditions of stability.

A cet effet, de même que pour toute autre manutention d'une cartouche 1 selon l'invention, on peut utiliser tout moyen approprié, tel qu'un chariot élévateur à fourche, agissant par exemple sous les traverses 13 et 14 du cadre 11 d'ossature supérieure, de préférence munies solidairement, par le dessous, de deux fers rectilignes 122, longitudinaux, mutuellement symétriques par rapport au plan 50, pour définir entre eux un guide longitudinal de réception de l'un des bras de la fourche, dont l'autre bras peut avantageusement porter de la même façon une autre cartouche 1 selon l'invention, ou encore un engin de levage tel qu'une grue, auquel la cartouche 1 peut être suspendue par tout moyen approprié, à savoir de préférence par l'intermédiaire d'un palonnier 84 selon l'invention, dont un exemple non limitatif de réalisation sera décrit par la suite en référence aux figures 16 à 18.For this purpose, as for any other handling of a cartridge 1 according to the invention, any suitable means, such as a forklift, acting for example under the crosspieces 13 and 14 of the frame 11 can be used. upper frame, preferably integrally provided, from below, two rectilinear irons 122, longitudinal, mutually symmetrical with respect to the plane 50, to define between them a longitudinal guide for receiving one of the arms of the fork, of which the other arm can advantageously carry in the same way another cartridge 1 according to the invention, or a lifting device such as a crane, to which the cartridge 1 can be suspended by any appropriate means, namely preferably via a spreader 84 according to the invention, a non-limiting embodiment of which will be described later with reference to Figures 16 to 18 .

Naturellement, les moyens d'empilement mutuel et de centrage mutuel des cartouches 1 selon l'invention qui viennent d'être décrits peuvent être remplacés par des moyens de conception différente, jouant le même rôle, sans que l'on sorte pour autant du cadre de la présente invention. En particulier, la jupe 51, qui définit sous le plancher 18 une dépression dont chaque coin reçoit un taquet 46 respectif, pourrait être remplacée par des moyens définissant en dessous du plancher 18, à chaque coin de l'ossature inférieure ici constituée par le cadre 8, une dépression localisée respective de réception d'un taquet 46 respectif.Naturally, the means of mutual stacking and mutual centering of the cartridges 1 according to the invention which have just been described may be replaced by means of different design, playing the same role, without we go out of the framework. of the present invention. In particular, the skirt 51, which defines under the floor 18 a depression each corner receives a respective stop 46, could be replaced by means defining below the floor 18, at each corner of the lower frame here constituted by the frame 8, a respective localized depression of receiving a respective cleat 46.

Le mode de réalisation d'une cartouche selon l'invention 1 qui vient d'être décrit constitue cependant un mode de réalisation actuellement préféré, d'une part en raison de sa grande simplicité, compatible avec une réalisation à moindre coût, et d'une certaine rusticité qui en facilite la maintenance et l'utilisation même dans des conditions parfois difficiles de manutention, et d'autre part du fait que les moyens d'empilement mutuel de deux cartouches 1 qui viennent d'être décrits sont compatibles avec un empilement de deux de ces cartouches 1, mutuellement juxtaposées transversalement de telle sorte que leurs plans moyens de symétrie 49 coïncident, avec un casier standardisé, sans modification de celui-ci ou moyennant des modifications simples et peu coûteuses permettant de le transformer en un casier 54 selon l'invention, tel qu'illustré à la figure 5 où, pour des raisons de clarté, on n'a illustré qu'une seule cartouche 1 ainsi empilée avec un casier 54, à savoir sur celui-ci.The embodiment of a cartridge according to the invention 1 which has just been described, however, constitutes a presently preferred embodiment, on the one hand because of its great simplicity, compatible with a realization at a lower cost, and of a certain rusticity which facilitates maintenance and use even in sometimes difficult handling conditions, and secondly because the mutual stacking means of two cartridges 1 which have just been described are compatible with a stack two of these cartridges 1, mutually juxtaposed transversely so that their mean planes of symmetry 49 coincide with a standardized rack, without modification thereof or with simple and inexpensive changes to transform it into a locker 54 according to the invention as illustrated in figure 5 where, for the sake of clarity, there is illustrated only one cartridge 1 and stacked with a rack 54, namely on it.

Sur cette figure, on reconnaît dans le casier 54 selon l'invention l'ensemble des caractéristiques d'un casier standardisé traditionnel, dont l'adaptation conformément à la présente invention nécessite l'ajout de certains composants supplémentaires, sans suppression ni modification des composants préexistants.In this figure, it is recognized in the locker 54 according to the invention all the characteristics of a traditional standardized locker, whose adaptation according to the present invention requires the addition of some additional components, without deleting or modifying the pre-existing components.

Dans la mesure où les casiers standardisés sont bien connus, on rappellera simplement leur conception traditionnelle, en référence au casier 54 selon l'invention.Insofar as the standardized trays are well known, their traditional design will simply be recalled, with reference to the locker 54 according to the invention.

De façon ainsi connue, celui-ci présente deux plans moyens de symétrie 71 et 72 mutuellement perpendiculaires et orientés verticalement dans une orientation privilégiée que le casier 54 occupe au moins approximativement lorsqu'il est en service, et qui servira de référence pour la suite de la description.In a manner thus known, the latter has two plane means of symmetry 71 and 72 mutually perpendicular and oriented vertically in a preferred orientation that the rack 54 occupies at least approximately when in use, and which will serve as a reference for the continuation of the description.

Le casier selon l'invention 54 comporte, comme les casiers standardisés, un cadre d'ossature inférieure rigide, plat, de plan rectangulaire, orienté horizontalement et formé :

  • de deux longerons rectilignes 56 mutuellement parallèles, mutuellement symétriques par rapport au plan 72 et orientés suivant la direction 7 lorsque deux cartouches selon l'invention 1 et un casier 54 selon l'invention sont mutuellement superposés, et
  • de deux traverses rectilignes 57 mutuellement parallèles, mutuellement symétriques par rapport au plan 71, qui coïncide avec le plan 49 des deux cartouches 1 avec lesquelles le casier 54 est ainsi empilé, c'est-à-dire orientées alors perpendiculairement à la direction 7, solidarisées avec les extrémités des longerons 56 pour raccorder mutuellement ces deux longerons 56, les deux traverses 57 étant raccordées mutuellement, de façon rigide, par une pluralité de barres 58 parallèles aux longerons 56, réparties entre ces derniers et constituant un plancher 59 plat, rectangulaire, horizontal, pour le casier 54.
The locker according to the invention 54 comprises, like the standardized lockers, a frame of rigid lower frame, flat, of rectangular plan, oriented horizontally and formed:
  • two rectilinear longitudinal members 56 mutually parallel, mutually symmetrical with respect to the plane 72 and oriented in the direction 7 when two cartridges according to the invention 1 and a rack 54 according to the invention are mutually superposed, and
  • two mutually parallel, mutually symmetrical rectilinear crosspieces 57 with respect to the plane 71, which coincides with the plane 49 of the two cartridges 1 with which the bin 54 is thus stacked, that is to say oriented perpendicularly to the direction 7, secured to the ends of the longitudinal members 56 to mutually connect these two side members 56, the two crossmembers 57 being interconnected rigidly by a plurality of bars 58 parallel to the side members 56, distributed therebetween and forming a flat, rectangular floor 59 , horizontal, for the locker 54.

De façon également connue, entre les traverses 57, sous les barres 58, des traverses intermédiaires 60 rectilignes, parallèles aux traverses 57 et réparties entre ces dernières suivant la direction 7, raccordent mutuellement, rigidement, les longerons et forment des appuis pour les barres 58, avec lesquelles ces traverses intermédiaires 60 sont solidarisées rigidement.Also known, between the crosspieces 57, under the bars 58, intermediate crosspieces 60 rectilinear, parallel to the sleepers 57 and distributed between the latter in the direction 7, mutually connect, rigidly, the longitudinal members and form supports for the bars 58, with which these intermediate cross members 60 are rigidly secured.

Les solidarisations précitées entre les longerons 56, les traverses 57, les barres 58 et les traverses intermédiaires 60 peuvent être réalisées par tout moyen connu, à savoir par exemple par soudure.The aforementioned fastenings between the longitudinal members 56, the crosspieces 57, the bars 58 and the intermediate cross members 60 may be made by any known means, namely for example by welding.

Les longerons 56 présentent suivant la direction 7 une longueur identique à celles des longerons 9 du cadre 8 d'ossature inférieure de la cartouche selon l'invention 1, si bien que les planchers 59 et 18 présentent la même dimension longitudinale, et sont donc aptes à recevoir un même nombre de bouteilles 2 mutuellement juxtaposées suivant la direction longitudinale 7 et reposant à plat sur le plancher 59, par leur fond 3, dès lors que ces bouteilles 2 sont identiques pour une cartouche selon l'invention 1 et pour un casier selon l'invention 54.The longitudinal members 56 have in the direction 7 a length identical to those of the longitudinal members 9 of the frame 8 of the lower frame of the cartridge according to the invention 1, so that the floors 59 and 18 have the same longitudinal dimension, and are therefore suitable to receive the same number of bottles 2 mutually juxtaposed in the longitudinal direction 7 and lying flat on the floor 59, by their bottom 3, provided that these bottles 2 are identical for a cartridge according to the invention 1 and for a locker according to the invention 54.

Par contre, les traverses 57 présentent une longueur largement supérieure à celle des traverses 10, à savoir dans l'exemple illustré une longueur approximativement égale à cinq fois le diamètre d'une bouteille 2, plus un jeu fonctionnel de quelques centimètres, ce qui correspond pour le plancher 59 à une largeur approximativement égale au double de la largeur du plancher 18, augmenté du diamètre d'une bouteille 2.On the other hand, crosspieces 57 have a length much greater than that of crosspieces 10, namely in the illustrated example a length approximately equal to five times the diameter of a bottle 2, plus a functional clearance of a few centimeters, which corresponds to for the floor 59 to a width approximately equal to twice the width of the floor 18, increased by the diameter of a bottle 2.

Ainsi, de façon non illustrée mais aisément compréhensible par un Homme du métier, le plancher 59 du casier 54 peut recevoir cinq rangées longitudinales, mutuellement juxtaposées transversalement, de sept bouteilles 2, mutuellement juxtaposées longitudinalement, identiques aux bouteilles 2 dont la cartouche selon l'invention 1 reçoit, dans l'exemple non limitatif illustré, deux rangées longitudinales, mutuellement juxtaposées, comptant chacune sept de ces bouteilles, mutuellement juxtaposées longitudinalement.Thus, in a way not illustrated but easily understandable by a person skilled in the art, the floor 59 of the rack 54 can receive five longitudinal rows, mutually juxtaposed transversely, of seven cylinders 2, mutually juxtaposed longitudinally, identical to the bottles 2 whose cartridge according to the In the nonlimiting example shown, the invention 1 receives two longitudinal rows, mutually juxtaposed, each of which counts seven of these bottles, mutually juxtaposed longitudinally.

Naturellement, comme les casiers standardisés, un casier 54 selon l'invention pourrait recevoir intérieurement un nombre différent de rangées longitudinales comptant chacune un nombre différent de bouteilles, s'il s'agissait de bouteilles présentant des dimensions en plan, hors tout, différentes de celles des bouteilles 2 des cartouches 1 selon l'invention. En outre, on ne sortirait pas du cadre de la présente invention en dimensionnant le casier 54 et les cartouches 1, en corrélation, de telle sorte qu'ils reçoivent des nombres respectifs de bouteilles différents de ceux qui ont été indiqués, tout en gardant la possibilité d'empilement mutuel.Of course, like the standardized bins, a rack 54 according to the invention could internally receive a different number of longitudinal rows, each counting a different number of bottles, if they were bottles having dimensions in plan, overall, different from those of the bottles 2 of the cartridges 1 according to the invention. In addition, it is not beyond the scope of the present invention by dimensioning the rack 54 and the cartridges 1, in correlation, so that they receive respective numbers of bottles different from those which have been indicated, while keeping the possibility of mutual stacking.

Chacun des longerons 56 constitue la base d'une ossature latérale rigide respective 61 plate, longitudinale, perpendiculaire au plancher 59 et comportant notamment deux montants extrêmes 62 respectifs rectilignes, perpendiculaires au plancher 59 et se raccordant de façon rigide à une extrémité respective du longeron 56 respectivement correspondant. Entre ces montants 62, chaque ossature latérale 61 présente une structure triangulée, à claire-voie, qui est bien connue en elle-même et ne sera pas détaillée.Each of the longitudinal members 56 constitutes the base of a rigid lateral frame 61, flat, longitudinal, perpendicular to the floor 59 and comprising in particular two respective rectilinear uprights 62, perpendicular to the floor 59 and rigidly connected to a respective end of the spar 56 respectively corresponding. Between these uprights 62, each lateral frame 61 has a triangulated, open structure, which is well known in itself and will not be detailed.

Chaque ossature latérale 61 comporte en outre un longeron rectiligne 63 respectif longitudinal, chacun des longerons 63 étant raccordé rigidement, par ses extrémités, à l'extrémité supérieure d'un montant 62 respectif et placé à l'aplomb d'un longeron 56 respectif, à une distance de celui-ci légèrement supérieure à la hauteur, hors tout, d'une bouteille 2, à savoir à une distance qui peut être avantageusement sensiblement identique à celle qui sépare mutuellement les longerons 9 et 12 situés d'un même côté d'une cartouche 1 selon l'invention.Each lateral frame 61 further comprises a respective longitudinal longitudinal spar 63, each of the spars 63 being rigidly connected, at its ends, to the upper end of a respective upright 62 and placed in line with a respective spar 56, at a distance from it slightly greater than the height, overall, of a bottle 2, namely at a distance that can be advantageously substantially identical to that which separates the longitudinal members 9 and 12 located on the same side of each other. a cartridge 1 according to the invention.

Les deux longerons 63 présentent une même longueur, qui est celle des longerons 56, et sont raccordés mutuellement, à leurs extrémités, de façon rigide, par des traverses rectilignes 64 parallèles aux traverses 57, si bien que les longerons 63 et les traverses 64 forment ensemble un cadre plat 65 d'ossature supérieure rigide, parallèle au plancher 59 et présentant en plan des dimensions intérieures sensiblement identiques aux dimensions, en plan, du plancher 59.The two longitudinal members 63 have the same length, which is that of the longitudinal members 56, and are mutually connected at their ends so as to rigid, by straight crosspieces 64 parallel to the sleepers 57, so that the longitudinal members 63 and the crosspieces 64 together form a flat frame 65 rigid upper frame, parallel to the floor 59 and having in plan internal dimensions substantially identical to the dimensions, in plan, floor 59.

La triangulation de chacune des ossatures latérales 61 constitue à l'intérieur de celles-ci une barrière 66 fixée à demeure, ce qui ferme à demeure le plancher 59 sur ses deux côtés les plus longs.The triangulation of each of the lateral frames 61 constitutes inside them a permanently fixed barrier 66, which permanently closes the floor 59 on its two longest sides.

Par contre, les montants 62 et les traverses 57 et 64 définissent sur les côtés les plus courts de ce plancher 59 une ouverture qu'une barrière 67, parallèle aux traverses 57 et 64 et guidée par ses extrémités au coulissement, perpendiculairement au plancher 59, le long de chacun des montants 62, permet d'obturer ou d'ouvrir à volonté au passage de bouteilles, en vue du remplissage et du vidage du casier 54 en bouteilles.On the other hand, the uprights 62 and the crosspieces 57 and 64 define on the shorter sides of this floor 59 an opening that a barrier 67, parallel to the sleepers 57 and 64 and guided by its sliding ends, perpendicular to the floor 59, along each of the uprights 62, allows to close or open at will to the passage of bottles, for filling and emptying the rack 54 in bottles.

A cet effet, chacune des barrières 67 est montée, d'une façon identique à celle que l'on a décrit en référence aux barrières 20 de la cartouche 1 selon l'invention, de façon à être mobile entre une position d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles du casier 54, dans laquelle elle est illustrée à la figure 5, et une position de libération de ces bouteilles, non illustrée mais bien connue d'un Homme du métier. Dans la position d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles, chaque barrière 67 est retenue par des consoles en crochet 68 des montants 62, à un niveau tel qu'elle puisse servir d'appui à la face périphérique extérieure 5 des bouteilles 2 les plus proches alors que, en position haute de libération des bouteilles, elle jouxte la traverse 64 correspondante de façon à dégager vis-à-vis du plancher 59 une hauteur au moins égale à celle d'une bouteille 2.For this purpose, each of the barriers 67 is mounted, in a manner identical to that described with reference to the barriers 20 of the cartridge 1 according to the invention, so as to be movable between a peripheral confinement position bottles of the bin 54, in which it is illustrated in FIG. figure 5 , and a release position of these bottles, not shown but well known to a person skilled in the art. In the position of peripheral confinement of the bottles, each barrier 67 is retained by hook brackets 68 of the uprights 62, at a level such that it can serve as a support for the outer peripheral face 5 of the bottles 2 closest then that, in the high position of release of the bottles, it adjoins the corresponding cross 64 so as to clear vis-à-vis the floor 59 a height at least equal to that of a bottle 2.

Comme les barreaux constitutifs des barrières 20, le barreau constitutif de chaque barrière 67 peut être amené de sa position d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles à sa position de libération des bouteilles par des moyens mécanisés prévus sur les sites de chargement et de déchargement des casiers standardisés, ce qui permet d'utiliser les mêmes installations de chargement et de déchargement pour des casiers selon l'invention 54, pour des casiers standardisés et pour des cartouches selon l'invention 1.Like the bars constituting the barriers 20, the bar constituting each barrier 67 can be brought from its position of peripheral confinement of the bottles to its bottle release position by mechanized means provided on the loading and unloading sites of standardized bins, which makes it possible to use the same loading and unloading facilities for racks according to the invention 54, for standardized racks and for cartridges according to the invention 1.

De façon bien connue en elle-même lorsqu'elles sont utilisées pour charger et décharger des casiers standardisés, ces installations comportent des moyens mécanisés et commandés pour, successivement :

  • amener l'une, au moins, des barrières 20 ou 67 de sa position d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles à sa position de libération de celles-ci,
  • pousser longitudinalement les rangées de bouteilles 2, supposées vides au moins pour la plupart, hors de la cartouche 1 ou du casier 54 en les faisant glisser, par leur fond 3, sur le plancher 8, 59, pour les faire sortir par le petit côté de celui-ci correspondant à la barrière 20, 67 ainsi placée en position de libération,
  • par le même petit côté ou, si les deux barrières 20 ou 67 ont été placées en position de libération, par le petit côté opposé du plancher 8, 59, introduire en les poussant longitudinalement autant de rangées d'autant de bouteilles 2 pleines, que l'on fait glisser par le fond 3 sur le plancher 8 ou 59,
  • ramener la ou chaque barrière 20 ou 67 de sa position de libération à sa position d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles 2.
In a manner that is well known in itself when used to load and unload standardized bins, these installations comprise mechanized and controlled means for, successively:
  • bringing at least one of the barriers 20 or 67 from its position of peripheral confinement of the bottles to its position of release thereof,
  • longitudinally push the rows of bottles 2, supposed to be empty at least for the most part, out of the cartridge 1 or the rack 54 by dragging them, by their bottom 3, on the floor 8, 59, to make them come out on the short side of it corresponding to the barrier 20, 67 thus placed in the release position,
  • by the same small side or, if the two barriers 20 or 67 have been placed in the release position, by the small opposite side of the floor 8, 59, introduce by pushing longitudinally as many rows of as many bottles 2 full, that we slide through the bottom 3 on the floor 8 or 59,
  • bring the or each barrier 20 or 67 from its release position to its position of peripheral confinement of the bottles 2.

Il est bien entendu que, pendant la totalité d'un tel cycle de déchargement et de chargement, en ce qui concerne une cartouche 1 selon l'invention, les serrures éventuelles d'immobilisation des barrières 20 en position d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles 2 doivent être ouvertes, et que la barrière 24 reste en position d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles.It is understood that, during the whole of such an unloading and loading cycle, with regard to a cartridge 1 according to the invention, the possible locks for immobilizing the barriers 20 in the peripheral locking position of the bottles 2 must be open, and the barrier 24 remains in position of peripheral confinement of the bottles.

Il est également bien entendu que, en particulier si les barrières 20 étaient fixées dans leur position d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles 2, le déchargement et le chargement d'une cartouche 1 selon l'invention pourraient également s'effectuer par le grand côté du plancher 18 correspondant à la barrière 24, alors placée au préalable dans sa position de libération des bouteilles 2.It is also understood that, particularly if the barriers 20 were fixed in their position of peripheral confinement of the bottles 2, unloading and loading of a cartridge 1 according to the invention could also be effected by the long side of the floor 18 corresponding to the barrier 24, then placed beforehand in its position of release of the bottles 2.

Un casier selon l'invention 54, comme un casier standardisé, peut être aisément superposé à deux cartouches 1 selon l'invention mutuellement juxtaposées, de façon non représentée, dès lors que leurs plans moyens 49 se confondent avec le plan moyen tel que 71 du casier tel que 54, qu'elles sont mutuellement symétriques par rapport au plan moyen tel que 72 du casier tel que 54, et qu'elles sont mutuellement espacées, transversalement, de telle sorte que leurs longerons 12 soient mutuellement parallèles, et que l'écartement mutuel des longerons 12 les plus éloignés soit identique à l'écartement mutuel des longerons 56.A rack according to the invention 54, like a standardized rack, can be easily superimposed on two cartridges 1 according to the invention mutually juxtaposed, not shown, since their mean planes 49 merge with the average plane such that 71 crate such as 54, that they are mutually symmetrical with respect to the mean plane 72 such that the bin 54, and that they are mutually spaced, transversely, so that their longitudinal members 12 are mutually parallel, and that the mutual spacing of the more distant longerons 12 is identical to the mutual spacing of the longitudinal members 56.

En effet, ces derniers, dans un casier selon l'invention 54 comme dans un casier standardisé, forment avec les traverses 57, en saillie en dessous des barres 55 constitutives du plancher 59 du casier 65, une jupe périphérique, continue 69, présentant un bord inférieur libre 70, continu, situé dans un plan horizontal, et cette jupe 69 forme elle-même sous le plancher 59, en particulier à chacun des coins définis par la jonction entre un longeron 56 et une traverse 57, de même que tout au long de chaque traverse 57 et en particulier dans une zone centrale de celle-ci, une dépression propre à recevoir un taquet 46 d'une cartouche 1, dans une position relative du casier 65 et des deux cartouches 1 telle que les traverses 57 du casier 54 reposent à plat sur les traverses 13 des deux cartouches 1 et que les longerons 56 de ce casier 54 reposent à plat sur ceux des longerons 12 des cartouches 1 qui sont le plus éloigné l'un de l'autre. L'engagement des taquets 46 des deux cartouches 1 dans les dépressions constituées, sous le plancher 59, à chacun des coins de jonction entre un longeron 56 et une traverse 57 ainsi que dans les zones intermédiaires des traverses 57 assure la stabilité du casier 54 ou du casier standardisé sur les deux cartouches 1.Indeed, the latter, in a rack according to the invention 54 as in a standardized rack, form with the crosspieces 57, projecting below the bars 55 constituting the floor 59 of the rack 65, a continuous peripheral skirt 69, presenting a free bottom edge 70, continuous, located in a horizontal plane, and this skirt 69 itself forms under the floor 59, in particular at each of the corners defined by the junction between a spar 56 and a cross member 57, as well as at all along each crossmember 57 and in particular in a central zone thereof, a depression adapted to receive a cleat 46 of a cartridge 1, in a relative position of the locker 65 and the two cartridges 1 such as the sleepers 57 of the locker 54 lie flat on the crosspieces 13 of the two cartridges 1 and that the longitudinal members 56 of this rack 54 lie flat on those of the side members 12 of the cartridges 1 which are farthest one of the other. The engagement of the cleats 46 of the two cartridges 1 in the depressions formed, under the floor 59, at each of the joining corners between a spar 56 and a cross member 57 as well as in the intermediate zones of the cross members 57 ensures the stability of the locker 54 or standardized bin on both cartridges 1.

Il est bien entendu que les deux cartouches 1 peuvent également être superposées à un casier standardisé dans une position dans laquelle le bord inférieur libre 52 de leur jupe 51 repose à plat sur les longerons 56 dans la partie de ce bord libre 52 correspondant aux traverses 10, et sur un longeron 63 respectif dans une partie de ce bord inférieur 52 correspondant à l'un des longerons 9.It is understood that the two cartridges 1 can also be superimposed on a standardized rack in a position in which the lower free edge 52 of their skirt 51 rests flat on the longitudinal members 56 in the portion of this free edge 52 corresponding to the cross members 10 , and on a respective spar 63 in a part of this lower edge 52 corresponding to one of the longitudinal members 9.

Les cartouches 1 peuvent alors, cependant, glisser et quitter cette position relative, ce qui amène à prévoir des dispositions complémentaires qui vont être décrites à présent, sur un casier 54 selon l'invention.The cartridges 1 can then, however, slip and leave this relative position, which leads to provide additional provisions that will now be described on a rack 54 according to the invention.

Ces dispositions complémentaires sont prévues à l'intérieur du cadre 65 d'ossature supérieure rigide, qu'elles renforcent comme le comprendra aisément un Homme du métier à la lecture de leur description, qui va suivre.These complementary arrangements are provided within frame 65 rigid upper frame, they reinforce as will be readily understood by one skilled in the art on reading their description, which will follow.

Plus précisément, dans un casier 54 selon l'invention, le cadre 65 d'ossature supérieure rigide porte solidairement, intérieurement, autant de rails 73 rigides, rectilignes, parallèles aux traverses 64, que le bord inférieur libre 52 de la jupe 51 d'une cartouche 1 comporte d'encoches 53, et ces rails 73 sont répartis longitudinalement, entre les traverses 64, de la même façon que les encoches 53 entre les traverses 10.More specifically, in a rack 54 according to the invention, the frame 65 rigid upper frame integrally carries, internally, as many rails 73 rigid, rectilinear, parallel to the sleepers 64, that the lower free edge 52 of the skirt 51 of a cartridge 1 has notches 53, and these rails 73 are distributed longitudinally between the sleepers 64, in the same way as the notches 53 between the crosspieces 10.

Ainsi, dans l'exemple illustré dans lequel sont prévues deux encoches 53, mutuellement symétriques par rapport au plan moyen de symétrie 49 du bâti 6 de la cartouche 1, le cadre 65 d'ossature supérieure rigide du casier 54 comporte deux rails 73, mutuellement symétriques par rapport au plan 71 comme les traverses 64 et mutuellement espacés de ce plan 71 d'une distance identique à celle qui sépare du plan 49 les deux encoches 53 d'une cartouche selon l'invention 1.Thus, in the illustrated example in which are provided two notches 53, mutually symmetrical with respect to the mean plane of symmetry 49 of the frame 6 of the cartridge 1, the frame 65 rigid upper frame of the rack 54 comprises two rails 73, mutually symmetrical with respect to the plane 71 as the crosspieces 64 and mutually spaced from this plane 71 by a distance identical to that which separates from the plane 49 the two notches 53 of a cartridge according to the invention 1.

Chacun des rails 73 présente par exemple la forme d'une cornière dont une aile 74 est orientée parallèlement au plancher 59, tournée vers la traverse 64 la plus proche et solidarisée rigidement, par ses extrémités, aux deux longerons 63, par exemple par soudure, en étant disposée dans le sens de la hauteur de façon à s'intégrer dans l'encombrement du cadre 65 en hauteur, et une aile 75 tournée vers le haut et formant une nervure en saillie au-dessus du cadre 65, sur une hauteur au plus égale à la profondeur d'une encoche 53 mesurée perpendiculairement au bord inférieur libre 52 de la jupe 51 d'une cartouche 1 selon l'invention. A chacune de ses extrémités, à proximité immédiate d'un longeron 63 respectif, chaque aile ou nervure 75 forme un biseau 76 qui descend vers ce longeron 63.Each of the rails 73 has, for example, the shape of an angle bracket, one flange 74 of which is oriented parallel to the floor 59, turned towards the nearest crossmember 64 and rigidly fastened, at its ends, to the two longitudinal members 63, for example by welding, by being arranged in the direction of the height so as to fit into the overall size of the frame 65 in height, and a wing 75 turned upwards and forming a rib projecting above the frame 65, over a height of more equal to the depth of a notch 53 measured perpendicularly to the lower free edge 52 of the skirt 51 of a cartridge 1 according to the invention. At each of its ends, in the immediate vicinity of a respective spar 63, each wing or rib 75 forms a bevel 76 which descends towards this spar 63.

Ainsi, comme le montre la figure 5, une cartouche selon l'invention 1 peut être superposée à un casier selon l'invention 54 dans une position dans laquelle les plans moyens transversaux 49 et 71 coïncident et dans laquelle chacune des deux encoches 53 s'emboîte sur l'une, respective, des ailes ou nervures 75, alors que le bord libre 52 de la jupe 51 s'appuie à plat sur les traverses 64 dans ses zones correspondant aux traverses 10 et sur l'un des longerons 63 dans sa zone correspondant au longeron 9 opposé au longeron 9 en dessous duquel sont situées les encoches 53 ; la coopération, à ce niveau, entre le bord inférieur 52 non interrompu de la jupe 51 et les biseaux 76 contribue au positionnement de la cartouche 1 sur le casier 54.So, as shown in figure 5 a cartridge according to the invention 1 can be superimposed on a rack according to the invention 54 in a position in which the transverse plane planes 49 and 71 coincide and in which each of the two notches 53 fits on one, respectively, wings or ribs 75, while the free edge 52 of the skirt 51 rests flat on the sleepers 64 in its areas corresponding to the cross members 10 and on one of the longitudinal members 63 in its zone corresponding to the spar 9 opposite the spar 9 below which are located the notches 53; the cooperation, at this level, between the uninterrupted lower edge 52 of the skirt 51 and the bevels 76 contributes to the positioning of the cartridge 1 on the rack 54.

Comme le comprend aisément un Homme du métier, compte tenu des dimensions comparées des traverses 10 et 64, deux cartouches 1 peuvent ainsi être déposées suivant le casier 54, dans une relation de symétrie mutuelle par rapport au plan 72 de symétrie, en particulier de symétrie entre les longerons 63, de ce casier 54.As is readily understood by a person skilled in the art, given the comparative dimensions of sleepers 10 and 64, two cartridges 1 can thus be deposited according to rack 54, in a relationship of mutual symmetry with each other. relative to the plane 72 of symmetry, in particular of symmetry between the longitudinal members 63, of this rack 54.

Comme le comprendra également aisément un Homme du métier, les biseaux 76 des ailes ou nervures 75 aident également au centrage mutuel et à la retenue, à l'encontre d'un glissement relatif, de deux casiers 54 que l'on superpose mutuellement en déposant l'un, par le bord inférieur libre 70 de sa jupe 69, à plat sur le cadre 65 d'ossature supérieure de l'autre.As will also readily be understood by a person skilled in the art, the bevels 76 of the wings or ribs 75 also assist in the mutual centering and the retention, against a relative sliding, of two compartments 54 which are superimposed on one another by depositing one, by the free lower edge 70 of its skirt 69, flat on the frame 65 of upper frame of the other.

Dans une zone centrale, chacune des ailes ou nervures 75 porte solidairement, en saillie vers l'autre aile ou nervure 75, un fer plat respectif 77 fixé sur chant, rigidement, sur elle, par exemple par soudure, et plié de façon à constituer une poche 78 ouverte vers le haut, présentant un fond plat 79 parallèle au plancher 59 et avantageusement placé de niveau avec l'aile 74 correspondante, et deux flancs 80 bordant ce fond 79 respectivement vers l'un et l'autre des longerons 63, dans une relation de symétrie mutuelle par rapport au plan 72 et avec un écartement mutuel tel que chacun de ces flancs 60 serve de butée, dans le sens d'un éloignement par rapport au plan 72, pour la jupe 51 d'une cartouche 1 respective, à côté de l'encoche 53 emboîtée sur l'aile ou la nervure 75 correspondante lorsque la cartouche 1 respective est superposée au casier 54 dans la position relative précédemment décrite. A cet effet, les deux flancs 80 d'une même poche 78 sont approximativement espacés, suivant une direction transversale parallèle au plancher 59, d'une distance approximativement égale au diamètre de la face périphérique extérieure 5 d'une bouteille 2 dans l'exemple décrit.In a central zone, each of the flanges or ribs 75 bears integrally, projecting towards the other wing or rib 75, a respective flat iron 77 fixed on edge, rigidly on it, for example by welding, and folded so as to constitute a pocket 78 open upwards, having a flat bottom 79 parallel to the floor 59 and advantageously placed level with the corresponding wing 74, and two sidewalls 80 bordering this bottom 79 respectively towards one and the other of the longitudinal members 63, in a relationship of mutual symmetry with respect to the plane 72 and with a mutual spacing such that each of these flanks 60 serves as a stop, in the direction of a distance from the plane 72, for the skirt 51 of a respective cartridge 1 next to the notch 53 fitted on the wing or the corresponding rib 75 when the respective cartridge 1 is superimposed on the rack 54 in the relative position described above. For this purpose, the two sides 80 of the same pocket 78 are approximately spaced, in a transverse direction parallel to the floor 59, by a distance approximately equal to the diameter of the outer peripheral face 5 of a bottle 2 in the example described.

De préférence, les deux flancs 80 d'une même poche 78 s'écartent mutuellement vers le haut, de façon à contribuer comme les biseaux 76 au positionnement des cartouches 1 sur le casier 54.Preferably, the two sidewalls 80 of the same pocket 78 mutually diverge upwards, so as to contribute as bevels 76 to the positioning of the cartridges 1 on the locker 54.

Pour des raisons qui ressortiront de la suite de la description, chacun des fers plats 77 présente suivant une direction transversale, parallèle au plancher 59, une dimension hors tout sensiblement inférieure à celle qui sépare mutuellement les deux traverses intermédiaires 14 du cadre 11 d'ossature supérieure rigide d'une cartouche 1, et les deux rails 75 sont mutuellement espacés, longitudinalement, d'une distance qui peut être du même ordre de grandeur que l'écartement mutuel des deux longerons 12 de ce cadre 11 d'ossature supérieure rigide ; dans l'exemple illustré, les deux rails 73 sont mutuellement espacés, longitudinalement, d'une distance légèrement supérieure à celle qui sépare mutuellement les deux longerons 12.For reasons which will emerge from the rest of the description, each of the flat bars 77 has in a transverse direction, parallel to the floor 59, an overall dimension substantially smaller than that which separates the two intermediate cross members 14 from the frame 11 rigid top of a cartridge 1, and the two rails 75 are mutually spaced, longitudinally, a distance which may be of the same order of magnitude as the mutual spacing of the two side members 12 of the frame 11 rigid upper frame; in the illustrated example, the two rails 73 are mutually spaced, longitudinally, by a distance slightly greater than that which separates the two side members 12 mutually.

Pour les mêmes raisons, et dans la mesure où les deux traverses intermédiaires 14 du cadre 11 d'ossature supérieure rigide de la cartouche 1 sont mutuellement espacées d'une distance inférieure à celle qui sépare mutuellement les deux longerons 63 du cadre 65 d'ossature supérieure rigide du casier 54, les deux rails 75 sont raccordés mutuellement, de façon rigide, par deux traverses rigides 81 occupant l'une par rapport à l'autre, ainsi que par rapport au plan 72 de symétrie du casier 54, une position identique à celle que les traverses intermédiaires 14 occupent l'une par rapport à l'autre et par rapport au plan de symétrie 49 du bâti 6 de la cartouche 1. En d'autres termes, dans l'exemple illustré dans lequel les traverses 14 sont mutuellement symétriques par rapport au plan 49, les traverses 81 sont mutuellement symétriques par rapport au plan 72 et mutuellement espacées de la même distance que les traverses intermédiaires 14, si bien que, lorsque le casier 54 est vide ou lorsqu'il est plein, un ensemble constitué par les deux traverses 81 et par les deux rails 73 qui les raccordent rigidement au cadre 65 d'ossature supérieure rigide du casier 54 est symétrique par rapport à l'aplomb du centre de gravité du casier 54, vide ou chargé, de même qu'un ensemble constitué par les traverses intermédiaires 14 et par les longerons 12 du cadre 11 d'ossature supérieure rigide du bâti 6 de la cartouche 1 selon l'invention est symétrique par rapport à l'aplomb du centre de gravité de cette cartouche 1, qu'elle soit vide ou pleine de bouteilles pleines ou vides, ce qui reste vrai, à peu de choses près, si la cartouche 1 est pleine de bouteilles qui sont vides dans leur majorité., c'est-à-dire dont seules une ou deux sont pleines.For the same reasons, and insofar as the two intermediate cross members 14 of the rigid upper frame frame 11 of the cartridge 1 are mutually spaced apart by a distance less than that which separates the two longitudinal members 63 from the frame 65 rigid top of the rack 54, the two rails 75 are interconnected, rigidly, by two rigid cross members 81 occupying one with respect to the other, as well as with respect to the plane 72 of symmetry of the rack 54, an identical position to that the intermediate cross members 14 occupy with respect to each other and with respect to the plane of symmetry 49 of the frame 6 of the cartridge 1. In other words, in the example illustrated in which the cross members 14 are mutually symmetrical with respect to the plane 49, the crosspieces 81 are mutually symmetrical with respect to the plane 72 and spaced apart by the same distance as the intermediate cross-members 14, so that when the locker 5 4 is empty or when it is full, an assembly constituted by the two cross members 81 and the two rails 73 which rigidly connect them to the rigid upper frame frame 65 of the rack 54 is symmetrical relative to the center of the center of trap 54 severity, empty or loaded, as well as an assembly constituted by the intermediate cross members 14 and the longitudinal members 12 of the frame 11 rigid upper frame of the frame 6 of the cartridge 1 according to the invention is symmetrical with respect to the plumb of the center of gravity of this cartridge 1, whether it is empty or full of empty or full bottles, which remains true, almost, if the cartridge 1 is full of bottles which are empty in their majority., that is to say which only one or two are full.

Dans ces conditions, une cartouche 1 selon l'invention et un casier 54 selon l'invention peuvent être manutentionnés en particulier par suspension à un engin de levage tel qu'une grue 82 équipant un camion 83 de livraison, par l'intermédiaire d'un palonnier 84 selon l'invention que l'on vient ancrer temporairement, rigidement, sur les traverses intermédiaires 14, entre les longerons 12, ou sur les traverses 81, entre les rails 73, respectivement, et que l'on va décrire à présent en référence aux figures 16 à 18.Under these conditions, a cartridge 1 according to the invention and a rack 54 according to the invention can be handled in particular by suspension to a hoist such as a crane 82 fitted to a delivery truck 83, through a lifter 84 according to the invention which is temporarily anchored, rigidly, on the intermediate cross members 14, between the longitudinal members 12, or on the cross members 81, between the rails 73, respectively, and which will now be described with reference to Figures 16 to 18 .

On retrouve sur ces figures 16 à 18 les longerons 12 et les traverses intermédiaires 14 du cadre 11 d'ossature supérieure rigide du bâti 6 d'une cartouche 1 selon l'invention mais il est bien entendu que la description des caractéristiques et du fonctionnement du palonnier 84 selon l'invention, faite en référence à ces traverses intermédiaires 14 et à ces longerons 12, s'applique à l'identique à la coopération de ce palonnier 84 avec le cadre 65 d'ossature supérieure rigide d'un casier 54 selon l'invention, dans lequel les traverses 81 et les rails 73 se substituent respectivement aux traverses intermédiaires 14 et aux longerons 12, toute référence à la direction longitudinale 7 des longerons 12 devant cependant être alors remplacée par une référence à une direction transversale 85, parallèle au plancher 59, qui est la direction des rails 73 ainsi substitués aux longerons 12 dans leur coopération avec le palonnier selon l'invention 84.We find on these Figures 16 to 18 the beams 12 and intermediate cross members 14 of the frame 11 of rigid upper frame of the frame 6 of a cartridge 1 according to the invention, but it is understood that the description of the characteristics and operation of the lifter 84 according to the invention, made with reference to these intermediate crosspieces 14 and these longitudinal members 12, applies identically to the cooperation of this spreader 84 with the frame 65 rigid upper frame of a locker 54 according to the invention, in which the sleepers 81 and the rails 73 are substituted respectively for the intermediate cross members 14 and the longitudinal members 12, any reference to the longitudinal direction 7 of the longitudinal members 12 to be however then replaced by a reference to a transverse direction 85, parallel to the floor 59, which is the direction rails 73 thus substituted for longitudinal members 12 in their cooperation with the spreader according to the invention 84.

Dans son mode de réalisation illustré, le palonnier selon l'invention 84 comporte un châssis plat 86 rigide, réalisé par exemple sous forme d'un assemblage rigide de quatre tubes disposés en rectangle et formant deux longerons 87 rectilignes, mutuellement parallèles, raccordés rigidement, à leurs extrémités, par deux traverses 88 également rectilignes et mutuellement parallèles.In its illustrated embodiment, the rudder according to the invention 84 comprises a rigid flat frame 86, made for example in the form of a rigid assembly of four tubes arranged in a rectangle and forming two rectilinear rails 87, mutually parallel, connected rigidly, at their ends, by two cross members 88 also rectilinear and mutually parallel.

Les deux longerons 87 présentent une longueur supérieure à l'espacement mutuel des deux traverses intermédiaires 14 mais inférieure à celui des deux traverses extrêmes 13, et les deux traverses 88 présentent une longueur inférieure à celle des traverses intermédiaires 14, c'est-à-dire à l'espacement mutuel des deux longerons 12, bien que supérieure à l'espacement mutuel des deux fers 122 sous-jacents au cadre 11 d'ossature supérieure rigide du bâti 6 de la cartouche 1, si bien que le châssis 86 peut venir s'appliquer à plat, par une face inférieure plane 89, sur les deux traverses intermédiaires 14, entre les deux longerons 12, dans une position relative dans laquelle le châssis 86 est symétrique par rapport aux deux plans 49 et 50, qui constituent alors plus généralement deux plans moyens de symétrie pour l'ensemble du palonnier 84, si bien.que le châssis 86 présente une zone centrale à l'aplomb au moins approximatif du centre de gravité de la charge constituée par la cartouche 1 vide ou pleine de bouteilles qui sont toutes pleines ou sont vides dans leur majorité. Dans cette position relative, plus précisément, les traverses 88 du châssis 86 sont orientées parallèlement aux traverses intermédiaires 14, sur lesquelles reposent les longerons 87 du châssis 86, eux-mêmes parallèles aux longerons 12, et l'on observera qu'un espace reste libre entre chaque longeron 87 du châssis 86 et le longeron 12 respectivement le plus proche.The two longitudinal members 87 have a length greater than the mutual spacing of the two intermediate cross members 14 but less than that of the two end crosspieces 13, and the two crosspieces 88 have a length less than that of the intermediate cross members 14, that is to say to say to the mutual spacing of the two side members 12, although greater than the mutual spacing of the two irons 122 underlying the rigid upper frame frame 11 of the frame 6 of the cartridge 1, so that the frame 86 can come apply flat, by a plane lower face 89, on the two intermediate crosspieces 14, between the two side members 12, in a relative position in which the frame 86 is symmetrical with respect to the two planes 49 and 50, which then constitute more generally two plane means of symmetry for the assembly of the rudder 84, so that the frame 86 has a central zone plumb with at least approximately the center of gravity of the load cons staggered by empty cartridge 1 or full of bottles that are all full or are empty in their majority. In this relative position, more specifically, the sleepers 88 of the frame 86 are oriented parallel to the intermediate cross members 14, on which the longitudinal members 87 of the frame 86, themselves parallel to the longitudinal members 12, rest, and it will be observed that one space remains free between each beam 87 of the chassis 86 and the beam 12 respectively closest.

On se réfèrera par la suite à cette position d'appui du châssis 86, par sa face inférieure 89, sur les traverses 14 du cadre 11 d'ossature supérieure rigide du bâti 6 d'une cartouche 1 pour décrire les différents composants du palonnier 14 et leur fonctionnement.This support position of the frame 86, by its lower face 89, will be referred to laterally on the cross-members 14 of the rigid upper frame frame 11 of the frame 6 of a cartridge 1 to describe the different components of the lifter 14 and their operation.

Vers le haut, le châssis 86 présente une face supérieure 90 plane, parallèle à sa face inférieure 89 et couverte pour l'essentiel par une tôle plate 91 fixée solidairement, par exemple par soudure, aux longerons 87 du châssis 86, au-dessus de celui-ci, en laissant dans l'exemple illustré un espace libre le long de chaque traverse 88.Upwardly, the frame 86 has a planar upper face 90, parallel to its lower face 89 and essentially covered by a flat plate 91 fastened integrally, for example by welding, to the longitudinal members 87 of the frame 86, above this, leaving in the example shown a free space along each cross 88.

Dans une zone centrale 92 constituant également une zone centrale de la face supérieure 90 du châssis 86, c'est-à-dire à l'aplomb du centre de gravité de la cartouche 1, la tôle 91 porte solidairement, par exemple par boulonnage sur une sellette 93 elle-même fixée sur la tôle 91 par exemple par soudure, des moyens 94 de suspension à l'engin de levage tel que la grue 82, ces moyens de suspension 94 étant de préférence choisis de façon à être aussi rigides que possible tout en autorisant une rotation du châssis 86 autour d'un axe 95 perpendiculaire au châssis 86 et passant par la zone centrale 92 de sa face supérieure 90, c'est-à-dire un axe 95 coïncidant avec l'intersection des plans 49 et 50, vertical ou approximativement vertical dans des conditions normales d'utilisation et passant au moins approximativement par le centre de gravité de la cartouche 1.In a central zone 92 also constituting a central zone of the upper face 90 of the frame 86, that is to say, in line with the center of gravity of the cartridge 1, the sheet 91 bears integrally, for example by bolting on a saddle 93 itself attached to the plate 91, for example by welding, means 94 for suspending the lifting apparatus such as the crane 82, these suspension means 94 being preferably chosen so as to be as rigid as possible while allowing a rotation of the frame 86 about an axis 95 perpendicular to the frame 86 and passing through the central zone 92 of its upper face 90, that is to say an axis 95 coinciding with the intersection of the planes 49 and 50, vertical or approximately vertical under normal conditions of use and at least approximately passing through the center of gravity of the cartridge 1.

Selon le mode de réalisation préféré qui a été illustré, ces moyens 94 de suspension comportent une partie inférieure 96 rigide, solidarisée avec la sellette 93, une partie supérieure 97 rigide, destinée à être accrochée à l'engin de levage tel que la grue 82, par exemple par engagement direct d'un crochet non représenté de cet engin de levage dans une anse 98 que cette partie supérieure 97 présente perpendiculairement à l'axe 95, des moyens non représentés de guidage des parties 96 et 97 à la rotation relative autour de l'axe 95 sans autre possibilité de déplacement relatif et, de préférence, des moyens moteurs télécommandés pour permettre à un opérateur d'orienter à volonté, sans difficulté, le châssis 86 et la cartouche 1 qu'il porte, autour de l'axe 95, par rapport à l'engin de levage tel que la grue 82 ainsi que par rapport au sol.According to the preferred embodiment that has been illustrated, these suspension means 94 comprise a rigid lower portion 96 secured to the saddle 93, a rigid upper portion 97, intended to be attached to the hoist such as the crane 82 , for example by direct engagement of an unrepresented hook of this hoist in a loop 98 that this upper portion 97 has perpendicular to the axis 95, unrepresented means for guiding the parts 96 and 97 to the relative rotation around the axis 95 without any other possibility of relative displacement and, preferably, remotely controlled motor means to enable an operator to orient at will, without difficulty, the frame 86 and the cartridge 1 which it carries, around the axis 95, relative to the hoist such as the crane 82 and relative to the ground.

Autour de deux axes 99 parallèles entre eux et aux traverses 88, mutuellement symétriques par rapport à l'axe 95 et au plan 49 et mutuellement espacés d'une distance légèrement inférieure à celle qui sépare mutuellement les deux traverses 14, les longerons 87 du châssis 86 portent, par un montage tourillonnant, un étrier rigide respectif 100 constitué de deux bras plats 101, dont chacun est articulé autour de l'axe 99 correspondant sur l'un, respectif, des longerons 87 en longeant le châssis 86 vers l'extérieur de celui-ci, et qui sont mutuellement symétriques par rapport au plan 50, et d'une traverse 102 parallèle à l'axe 99 respectif.Around two axes 99 parallel to each other and to the crosspieces 88, mutually symmetrical with respect to the axis 95 and the plane 49 and spaced apart by a distance slightly less than that which separates the two crosspieces 14, the frame rails 87 from each other 86 bear, by a journal assembly, a respective rigid caliper 100 consisting of two flat arms 101, each of which is hinged about the corresponding axis 99 on one, respective, longitudinal members 87 along the frame 86 outwardly thereof, and which are mutually symmetrical with respect to the plane 50, and a cross member 102 parallel to the respective axis 99.

Les bras 101, mutuellement identiques, présentent une conformation générale rectiligne et, dans les conditions normales d'utilisation du palonnier 84, présentent en permanence à un niveau supérieur à celui de la face supérieure 90 du châssis 86 une extrémité supérieure 103, à laquelle se raccorde rigidement la traverse 102 correspondante, et en dessous de la face inférieure 89 du châssis 86 une extrémité inférieure libre 104.The arms 101, mutually identical, have a generally rectilinear conformation and, under the normal conditions of use of the rudder 84, permanently have at a level greater than that of the upper face 90 of the frame 86 an upper end 103, to which rigidly connects the corresponding cross member 102, and below the lower face 89 of the chassis 86 a free lower end 104.

A son extrémité inférieure 104, chaque bras 101 est conformé en crochet situé, comme l'ensemble du bras 101, suivant un plan moyen respectif, non référencé, perpendiculaire à l'axe 99 et chaque bras 101 est orienté de telle sorte que les crochets 105 des deux bras 101 correspondant à un même longeron 87 soient tournés dans le sens d'un éloignement mutuel. En d'autres termes, chaque crochet est tourné dans le sens d'un éloignement par rapport au plan 49, par rapport auquel les bras 101, y compris les crochets 105, sont mutuellement symétriques en particulier dans une position limite de rapprochement mutuel maximal des crochets 105 des bras 101 associés à un même longeron 87 et dans une position limite d'éloignement mutuel maximal de ces crochets 105.At its lower end 104, each arm 101 is shaped like a hook, like the assembly of the arm 101, in a respective mean plane, not referenced, perpendicular to the axis 99 and each arm 101 is oriented so that the hooks 105 of the two arms 101 corresponding to the same spar 87 are rotated in the direction of a mutual distance. In other words, each hook is turned in the direction of a distance relative to the plane 49, with respect to which the arms 101, including the hooks 105, are mutually symmetrical, in particular in a limit position of maximum mutual approximation of the hooks 105 of the arms 101 associated with the same spar 87 and in a limit position d maximum distance between these brackets 105.

Les bras 101 sont dimensionnés, en particulier en ce qui concerne leur crochet 105, de telle sorte que :

  • dans la position limite de rapprochement mutuel maximal des crochets 105 des bras 101 associés à un même longeron 87, correspondant pour les traverses 102 à une position limite d'écartement mutuel maximal, comme il est illustré aux figures 16 et 17, les extrémités libres 106 des crochets 105 des bras 101 correspondant à un même longeron 87 soient mutuellement espacées, suivant la direction 7, d'une distance hors tout au plus égale, et de préférence légèrement inférieure, à celle qui sépare mutuellement les deux traverses intermédiaires 14, si bien que le châssis 86 peut alors gagner librement, par un mouvement descendant, une position dans laquelle il s'appuie à plat, de façon stable, par sa face inférieure 89, sur les traverses intermédiaires 14, ou quitter cette position librement par un mouvement ascendant, que
  • les crochets 105 soient situés, en particulier par leurs extrémités libres 106, à un niveau inférieur à celui des traverses intermédiaires 14 lorsque le châssis 86 repose à plat, par sa face inférieure 89, sur ces traverses 14, alors que les crochets 105 occupent leur position limite de rapprochement mutuel maximal, et que
  • par un mouvement de basculement des étriers 100 autour de l'axe 99 respectif, par rapport au châssis 86, sur un angle qui peut être de l'ordre de 45°, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, dans le sens d'un rapprochement mutuel des traverses 102 jusqu'à une position limite de rapprochement mutuel maximal de celles-ci, illustrée à la figure 18, correspondant pour les crochets 105 des bras 101 associés à un même longeron 87 à la position limite d'éloignement mutuel maximal, chacun des crochets 105 vienne faire prise en dessous d'une traverse 14, en ce sens que son extrémité libre 106 est alors placée à l'opposé de cette traverse 14 par rapport au bras 101 correspondant, les extrémités libres 106 des crochets 105 correspondant aux bras 101 associés à un même longeron 87 étant alors mutuellement espacées d'une distance supérieure à celle qui sépare mutuellement les deux traverses 14, et culminant à un même niveau qui peut être le niveau inférieur des traverses 14 ou être voisin de ce niveau inférieur et en particulier supérieur à celui-ci, et que chaque crochet 105 culmine, entre son extrémité libre 106 et le bras 101 correspondant, à un même autre niveau qui peut être, respectivement, inférieur au niveau inférieur des traverses 14 ou identique à ce niveau inférieur.
The arms 101 are dimensioned, in particular with regard to their hook 105, so that:
  • in the limit position of maximum mutual approximation of the hooks 105 of the arms 101 associated with the same spar 87, corresponding for the cross members 102 to a maximum mutual separation limit position, as illustrated in FIGS. Figures 16 and 17 , the free ends 106 of the hooks 105 of the arms 101 corresponding to the same spar 87 are mutually spaced, in the direction 7, an overall distance at most equal to, and preferably slightly less than, that which separates the two sleepers mutually intermediate 14, so that the frame 86 can then freely gain, by a downward movement, a position in which it rests flat, stably, by its lower face 89, on the intermediate cross members 14, or leave this position freely by an upward movement, that
  • the hooks 105 are located, in particular by their free ends 106, at a level lower than that of the intermediate cross members 14 when the frame 86 lies flat, by its lower face 89, on these crosspieces 14, while the hooks 105 occupy their limit position of maximum mutual rapprochement, and that
  • by a tilting movement of the stirrups 100 about the respective axis 99, relative to the frame 86, at an angle which may be of the order of 45 °, by way of non-limiting example, in the sense of a bringing the sleepers 102 closer together to a maximal position of maximum mutual approximation thereof, illustrated in FIG. figure 18 corresponding for the hooks 105 of the arms 101 associated with the same spar 87 at the limit position of maximum mutual distance, each of the hooks 105 is made to take under a cross member 14, in that its free end 106 is then placed opposite this cross 14 relative to the corresponding arm 101, the free ends 106 hooks 105 corresponding to the arms 101 associated with the same spar 87 then being mutually spaced a distance greater than that which separates the two cross members 14, and culminating at the same level which may be the lower level of the cross 14 or be adjacent to this lower level and in particular greater than this one, and each hook 105 culminates, between its free end 106 and the corresponding arm 101, at the same other level which can be, respectively, lower than the lower level of the sleepers 14 or the same at this lower level.

A cet égard, entre son extrémité libre 106 et le bras 101 correspondant, chaque crochet 105 peut présenter une conformation complémentaire de celle que la traverse 14 correspondante présente vers le bas.In this respect, between its free end 106 and the corresponding arm 101, each hook 105 may have a conformation complementary to that the corresponding cross member 14 has downward.

Pour faire évoluer de façon commandée les crochets 105 entre les positions limites précitées, c'est-à-dire pour faire évoluer les traverses 102 entre les positions limites respectivement correspondantes, sur chacune de ces traverses 102 est articulée, autour d'un axe respectif 107 parallèle à l'axe 99, la tige d'un vérin commandé respectif 178 dont le corps est articulé autour d'un axe respectif 109, parallèle aux axes 107 et 99, sur la sellette 93, d'un côté respectif de la fixation de la partie inférieure 96 des moyens de suspension 94.To move the hooks 105 in a controlled manner between the aforementioned limit positions, that is to say to make the crosspieces 102 evolve between the respectively corresponding limit positions, on each of these crosspieces 102 is articulated, around a respective axis 107 parallel to the axis 99, the rod of a respective controlled cylinder 178 whose body is articulated about a respective axis 109, parallel to the axes 107 and 99, on the fifth wheel 93, a respective side of the attachment of the lower part 96 of the suspension means 94.

Un Homme du métier comprendra aisément que la position limite d'éloignement mutuel maximal des crochets 105, décrite en référence à la figure 18, constitue une position d'ancrage sous une traverse 14 respective dans la mesure où chaque crochet 105 vient alors en prise sous cette traverse, en enveloppant celle-ci par le bas soit dès que cette position limite est atteinte et alors que la face inférieure 89 du châssis 86 repose à plat sur les traverse 14, soit après une amorce de levage du palonnier 84, se traduisant par un léger décollement de la face inférieure 89 du châssis 86 par rapport aux traverses 14, alors que la position limite de rapprochement mutuel maximal des crochets 105, illustrée aux figures 16 et 17, correspond à une position de totale libération mutuelle du palonnier 84 et des traverses 14.One skilled in the art will readily understand that the maximum limit position of maximum mutual distance of the hooks 105, described with reference to the figure 18 , constitutes an anchoring position under a respective cross-member 14 insofar as each hook 105 then engages under this cross-piece, by wrapping it at the bottom or as soon as this limit position is reached and while the lower face 89 of the frame 86 rests flat on the sleeper 14, or after a lifting primer of the rudder 84, resulting in a slight detachment of the lower face 89 of the frame 86 by relative to the sleepers 14, while the limit position of maximum mutual closeness of the hooks 105, illustrated in FIGS. Figures 16 and 17 , corresponds to a position of total mutual release of the rudder 84 and sleepers 14.

On remarquera que, dans la mesure où, quelle que soit la position limite qu'ils occupent ainsi sous l'action des vérins commandés 108, les crochets 105 sont mutuellement symétriques par rapport au plan 49, ils tendent à provoquer si nécessaire un auto-centrage du palonnier 84 par rapport aux traverses 14, dans la direction longitudinale 7, lorsqu'ils parviennent dans leur position limite d'ancrage sous ces dernières.It will be noted that to the extent that, whatever the limit position they thus occupy under the action of the actuated cylinders 108, the hooks 105 are mutually symmetrical with respect to the plane 49, they tend to provoke, if necessary, a self-locking mechanism. centering of the rudder 84 relative to the cross members 14, in the longitudinal direction 7, when they reach their anchor limit position beneath them.

Pour compléter ce centrage suivant la direction transversale 85, c'est-à-dire par rapport aux longerons 12, la tôle 91 solidaire du châssis 86 du palonnier 84 porte solidairement, vers le haut, entre la sellette 93 et, respectivement, chacun des axes 99, un groupe respectif de deux glissières 177, par exemple en forme de tube carré, orientées parallèlement aux axes 99 et dont chacune reçoit et guide au coulissement parallèlement à ces axes 99, c'est-à-dire à la direction 85, une tige rectiligne respective 178.To complete this centering in the transverse direction 85, that is to say with respect to the longitudinal members 12, the plate 91 integral with the frame 86 of the rudder 84 carries solidly, upwardly, between the saddle 93 and, respectively, each of axes 99, a respective group of two slides 177, for example in the form of a square tube, oriented parallel to the axes 99 and each of which receives and guides sliding parallel to these axes 99, that is to say to the direction 85, a respective straight rod 178.

Les tiges 178 correspondant à un même groupe de deux glissières 177 présentent au moins une extrémité en porte-à-faux hors de cette glissière 177 et par rapport à l'un, respectif, des longerons 87, c'est-à-dire d'un côté respectif du plan 50, et chacune de ces tiges 178 porte solidairement, par cette extrémité en porte-à-faux, une patte respective de centrage 179, qui forme une saillie vers le bas par rapport à la tige respective 178 et présente dans le sens d'un éloignement par rapport au châssis 86, à un niveau qui est inférieur à celui de la tige 178 respective et correspond à celui des longerons 12 lorsque le châssis 86 repose à plat sur les traverses 14, une face frontale 110 pour l'essentiel plane et perpendiculaire à la direction 85. De préférence, toutefois, les faces frontales 110 s'incurvent légèrement vers le bas, jusqu'à une extrémité inférieure libre respective, comme on l'a indiqué en 111, de telle sorte que les faces frontales 110 des deux pattes de centrage 179 correspondant à un même groupe de deux glissières 177 se rapprochent mutuellement vers le bas, ce qui facilite un engagement du palonnier 84 de haut en bas entre les deux longerons 12 lorsque les crochets 105 occupent leur position limite de rapprochement mutuel maximal.The rods 178 corresponding to one and the same group of two slideways 177 have at least one end cantilevered out of this slideway 177 and relative to one respective one of the longitudinal members 87, that is to say a respective side of the plane 50, and each of these rods 178 integrally carries, by this cantilevered end, a respective centering tab 179, which forms a downward projection relative to the respective rod 178 and presents in the sense of a distance from the frame 86, at a level which is lower than that of the respective rod 178 and corresponds to that of the longitudinal members 12 when the chassis 86 rests flat on the cross members 14, a front face 110 substantially flat and perpendicular to the direction 85. Preferably, however, the end faces 110 are curved downwardly, to a respective free lower end, as indicated at 111, so that the end faces 110 of the two centering tabs 179 corresponding to one and the same group of two slideways 177 are mutually closer to each other. the bottom, which facilitates an engagement of the rudder 84 from top to bottom between the two longitudinal members 12 when the hooks 105 occupy their limit position of maximum mutual rapprochement.

Dans une zone d'extrémité supérieure située au-dessus de la tige correspondante 178, chaque patte de centrage 179 est articulée, autour d'un axe 112 parallèle aux longerons 87, sur la tige d'un vérin commandé respectif 113 dont le corps est articulé autour d'un axe respectif 114, parallèle aux axes 112, sur la glissière 177 respective.In an upper end zone situated above the corresponding rod 178, each centering lug 179 is hinged, about an axis 112 parallel to the longitudinal members 87, to the rod of a respective controlled cylinder 113 whose body is articulated about a respective axis 114, parallel to the axes 112, on the respective slide 177.

Les vérins 113 constituent des moyens commandés pour faire évoluer les pattes 179 entre deux positions limites, à savoir :

  • une position limite de rapprochement maximal, illustrée à la figure 16, dans laquelle les pattes 179 sont accolées aux longerons 87 du châssis 86 si bien que les faces frontales 110 des pattes 179 correspondant à un même groupe de glissières 177 sont mutuellement espacées d'une distance inférieure à l'écartement mutuel des longerons 12, ce qui permet le libre engagement et le libre dégagement du palonnier 84 par rapport à ces longerons, alors qu'il est par ailleurs libre de s'engager et de se dégager vis-à-vis des traverses 14 compte tenu de la position limite qu'occupent alors les bras 101 et les crochets 105, et
  • une position limite telle qu'illustrée aux figures 17 et 18, dans laquelle les pattes 179 associées à un même groupe de glissières 177 sont davantage écartées mutuellement, et prennent appui, par leurs faces frontales 110, respectivement sur l'un et l'autre des longerons 12, dans le sens d'un éloignement par rapport au châssis 86 pour centrer celui-ci par rapport aux longerons 12, suivant la direction transversale 85.
The cylinders 113 constitute controlled means for changing the tabs 179 between two limit positions, namely:
  • limit position of maximum approximation, illustrated in figure 16 , in which the tabs 179 are contiguous with the longitudinal members 87 of the frame 86 so that the end faces 110 of the tabs 179 corresponding to one and the same group of slides 177 are mutually spaced apart by a distance less than the mutual spacing of the longitudinal members 12, which allows free engagement and free clearance of the rudder 84 relative to these longitudinal members, while it is otherwise free to engage and disengage vis-à-vis the cross 14 in view of the limit position that then occupy the arms 101 and the hooks 105, and
  • a limit position as illustrated in figures 17 and 18 , in which the legs 179 associated with the same slide group 177 are further spaced mutually, and are supported, by their end faces 110, respectively on the one and the other of the longitudinal members 12, in the direction of a distance relative to the frame 86 to center it by relative to the longitudinal members 12, in the transverse direction 85.

Naturellement, des moyens appropriés, connus d'un Homme du métier, et de préférence groupés avec les moyens de commande des vérins 108 et des moyens de suspension 94, dans un même boîtier de télécommande 175, sont prévus pour commander les vérins 113 de telle sorte que, dans leur position décrite en référence aux figures 17 et 18, les pattes 179 assurent effectivement un centrage du châssis 86 par rapport aux longerons 12. De même, toute sécurité appropriée peut être prévue par l'Homme du métier, en particulier pour éviter un retour intempestif des pattes 179 et, surtout, des crochets 105 à leur position de rapprochement mutuel maximal, c'est-à-dire de libération de la charge constituée par la cartouche 1.Naturally, appropriate means, known to those skilled in the art, and preferably grouped with the control means of the jacks 108 and suspension means 94, in the same remote control box 175, are provided for controlling the jacks 113 of such so that in their position described with reference to figures 17 and 18 , the tabs 179 effectively provide a centering of the frame 86 relative to the side members 12. Similarly, any appropriate safety can be provided by the skilled person, in particular to prevent inadvertent return of the tabs 179 and, especially, the hooks 105 at their position of maximum mutual approximation, that is to say of release of the charge constituted by the cartridge 1.

Un Homme du métier fera les choix appropriés en fonction de la nature des vérins 108 et 113 qui, de même que les moyens de suspension 94 aptes à provoquer de façon commandée une rotation du châssis 86 et de la charge constituée par la cartouche 1 autour de l'axe 95, sont avantageusement choisis dans un groupe comportant les moyens pneumatiques, les moyens hydrauliques et les moyens électriques.A person skilled in the art will make the appropriate choices depending on the nature of the cylinders 108 and 113 which, like the suspension means 94, are able to cause a controlled rotation of the frame 86 and the load constituted by the cartridge 1 around the axis 95, are advantageously chosen from a group comprising the pneumatic means, the hydraulic means and the electrical means.

On observera que, quelle que soit la position occupée par les composants du palonnier 84 selon l'invention qui vient d'être décrit, celui-ci présente un encombrement hors tout, en plan, au plus égal, à savoir inférieur dans cet exemple, à l'encombrement hors tout, en plan, d'une cartouche 1. Ceci est vrai pour son châssis 86 suivant les deux directions 7 et 85, de ses pattes 179 suivant la direction 85, et peut être rendu vrai également en ce qui concerne les étriers 100 dont le dimensionnement perpendiculairement à l'axe 99 respectif, au-dessus de cet axe, peut être limité à une valeur telle que les traverses 102 ne forment qu'un porte-à-faux négligeable par rapport aux traverses 88, voire ne forment aucun porte-à-faux par rapport à ces dernières, dans la position limite décrite en référence aux figures 16 et 17.It will be observed that, irrespective of the position occupied by the components of the lifter 84 according to the invention which has just been described, it has an overall bulk, in plan, at most equal, namely lower in this example, to the bulk overall, in plan, of a cartridge 1. This is true for its frame 86 according to the two directions 7 and 85, its tabs 179 in the direction 85, and can be made true also with regard to the stirrups 100 whose dimensioning perpendicular to the respective axis 99, above this axis, may be limited to a value such that the cross-members 102 form only negligible overhang relative to the cross-members 88, or even form any cantilever with respect thereto, in the limit position described with reference to Figures 16 and 17 .

Dans ces conditions, un palonnier 84 selon l'invention autorise non seulement des opérations de levage simple d'une cartouche 1 selon l'invention ou d'un casier 54 selon l'invention, si nécessaire avec rotation autour de l'axe 95, mais également des mouvements d'introduction et d'extraction de cartouches selon l'invention 1 par rapport à un présentoir qui peut avantageusement constituer un complément de telles cartouches 1, en les recevant intérieurement pour en protéger le contenu, et dont un exemple non limitatif de réalisation va être décrit à présent, en référence aux figures 6 à 12.Under these conditions, a lifter 84 according to the invention not only allows simple lifting operations of a cartridge 1 according to the invention or a locker 54 according to the invention, if necessary with rotation around the axis 95, but also movements of introduction and extraction of cartridges according to the invention 1 with respect to a display which can advantageously be a complement of such cartridges 1, receiving them internally to protect the contents, and a non-limiting example embodiment will now be described with reference to Figures 6 to 12 .

Le présentoir 115 selon l'invention, tel qu'il est illustré sur ces figures, peut avantageusement être réalisé en construction mécano-soudée, comme les cartouches 1 selon l'invention et les casiers 54 selon l'invention.The display 115 according to the invention, as illustrated in these figures, may advantageously be made in welded construction, such as the cartridges 1 according to the invention and the lockers 54 according to the invention.

Dans son mode de réalisation illustré, le présentoir 115 comporte quatre montants d'angle 116 rectilignes, mutuellement parallèles, orientés verticalement lorsque le présentoir 115 est en service, présentant une même hauteur et disposés aux quatre coins d'un rectangle horizontal pour conférer au présentoir 115, intérieurement comme extérieurement, la forme générale d'un parallélépipède rectangle, symétrique par rapport à deux plans verticaux, mutuellement perpendiculaires, dont on comprendra par la suite qu'ils se confondent avec les plans de symétrie 49 et 50 de deux cartouches 1 selon l'invention, mutuellement superposées à l'intérieur du présentoir 115.In its illustrated embodiment, the display 115 comprises four rectilinear uprights 116, mutually parallel, oriented vertically when the display 115 is in use, having the same height and arranged at the four corners of a horizontal rectangle to give the display 115, internally as externally, the general shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, symmetrical with respect to two vertical planes, mutually perpendicular, which will be understood later that they merge with the planes of symmetry 49 and 50 of two cartridges 1 according to the invention, mutually superimposed on the interior of the display 115.

Par une extrémité inférieure, chaque montant 116 constitue un pied 117 d'appui du présentoir 115 au sol et, à une distance des pieds 117 suffisante pour dégager vis-à-vis du sol un espace 118 de passage de la fourche d'un chariot élévateur et de réception de blocs de lest 119, destinés à augmenter la stabilité du présentoir 115 au sol, les quatre montants 116 sont raccordés mutuellement, de façon solidaire et rigide, par deux longerons rectilignes 120 horizontaux, mutuellement parallèles, orientés suivant une direction dont on comprendra par la suite qu'elle se confond avec la direction longitudinale 7 de chacune des cartouches selon l'invention 1 logées dans le présentoir 115, et par deux traverses 121 rectilignes, horizontales, mutuellement parallèles, orientées à angle droit par rapport aux longerons 120 sur lesquels elles sont disposées par des extrémités respectives et qu'elles raccordent mutuellement de façon solidaire et rigide. Les longerons 120 et les traverses 121 constituent ainsi pour le présentoir 115 un cadre rectangulaire, horizontal d'ossature inférieure rigide, dont les dimensions intérieures correspondent aux dimensions extérieures hors tout, en plan d'une cartouche selon l'invention 1, augmentées d'un jeu fonctionnel de l'ordre de quelques centimètres, en direction horizontale transversale, à une vingtaine de centimètres, en direction horizontale longitudinale, ces chiffres étant indiqués à titre d'exemples non limitatifs.By a lower end, each upright 116 constitutes a support foot 117 of the display 115 on the ground and at a distance from the feet 117 sufficient to clear a space 118 from the floor of the fork of a carriage elevator and receiving blocks of ballast 119, intended to increase the stability of the display 115 on the ground, the four uprights 116 are connected mutually, rigidly and rigidly, by two straight longitudinal members 120 horizontal, mutually parallel, oriented in a direction of which it will be understood later that it merges with the longitudinal direction 7 of each of the cartridges according to the invention 1 housed in the display 115, and by two crosspieces 121 rectilinear, horizontal, mutually parallel, oriented at right angles to the longitudinal members 120 on which they are arranged by respective ends and that they mutually connect rigidly and rigidly. The longitudinal members 120 and the crosspieces 121 thus constitute for the display unit 115 a rectangular, horizontal frame of rigid lower frame, whose inner dimensions correspond to the overall external dimensions, in plan of a cartridge according to the invention 1, increased by a functional clearance of the order of a few centimeters, in transverse horizontal direction, to about twenty centimeters, in horizontal longitudinal direction, these figures being given as non-limiting examples.

Entre les traverses 121, qui sont mutuellement espacées d'une dimension supérieure à la dimension longitudinale extérieure, ou longueur extérieure, hors tout d'une cartouche 1 selon l'invention, mesurée au niveau des consoles en crochets 23, les longerons 120 sont raccordés de façon rigide par d'autres traverses rectilignes 123 parallèles aux traverses 121 et réparties longitudinalement le long des longerons 120 de telle sorte que :

  • deux de ces traverses 123, dont chacune est voisine d'une traverse 121 respective, occupent une position relative identique à celle des traverses 13 du cadre 11 d'ossature supérieure d'une cartouche 1 et portent des taquets de centrage 124 conçus et disposés de façon identique aux taquets 46, de façon à servir au centrage d'une cartouche selon l'invention 1, en coopérant avec la jupe 51 de celle-ci, de la même façon que les taquets 46 d'une cartouche 1 coopèrent avec la jupe 51 d'une autre cartouche 1 disposée immédiatement au-dessus de la cartouche premièrement citée, les deux traverses 123 en question servant à l'appui, à plat, à une partie respective du bord inférieur 52 de la jupe 51 de la cartouche 1, correspondant à un petit côté respectif du plancher 18 de celle-ci, que
  • deux autres des traverses 123, comparativement plus éloignées des traverses 121, servent à la fixation d'un bloc de lest 119 respectif, et que
  • au moins une autre de ces traverses 123, disposée à égale distance des traverses 121, serve simplement au raccordement rigide des longerons 120 entre eux.
Between the crosspieces 121, which are mutually spaced from a dimension greater than the external longitudinal dimension, or outer length, overall of a cartridge 1 according to the invention, measured at the brackets 23, the longitudinal members 120 are connected rigidly by other straight struts 123 parallel to the crosspieces 121 and distributed longitudinally along the longitudinal members 120 so that:
  • two of these sleepers 123, each of which is adjacent to a respective cross 121, occupy a relative position identical to that of the crosspieces 13 of the upper frame frame 11 of a cartridge 1 and carry centering tabs 124 designed and arranged identical to the tabs 46, so as to serve to center a cartridge according to the invention 1, cooperating with the skirt 51 thereof, in the same way that the tabs 46 of a cartridge 1 cooperate with the skirt 51 of another cartridge 1 disposed immediately above the first mentioned cartridge, the two sleepers 123 in question for supporting, flat, at a respective portion of the lower edge 52 of the skirt 51 of the cartridge 1, corresponding to a respective small side of the floor 18 thereof, that
  • two others of the crosspieces 123, which are more distant from the crosspieces 121, serve for fastening a respective weight block 119, and that
  • at least one other of these crosspieces 123, disposed equidistant from the cross members 121, serves simply to rigid connection of the longitudinal members 120 between them.

Pour constituer, au même titre que les traverses les plus proches des traverses 121, un appui à plat pour une partie respective du bord inférieur 52 de la jupe 51 d'une cartouche 1 selon l'invention, les longerons 120 sont avantageusement disposés de façon à être mutuellement espacés d'une distance correspondant à celle qui sépare mutuellement les parties du bord inférieur 52 de la jupe 51 correspondant aux grands côtés du plancher 18 d'une cartouche 1 selon l'invention, ou encore à celle qui sépare mutuellement les deux longerons 12 du cadre 11 d'ossature supérieure rigide d'une telle cartouche 1.To constitute, as well as the closest sleepers cross 121, a support flat for a respective portion of the lower edge 52 of the skirt 51 of a cartridge 1 according to the invention, the longitudinal members 120 are advantageously arranged to be mutually spaced by a distance corresponding to that mutually separating the parts of the lower edge 52 of the skirt 51 corresponding to the long sides of the floor 18 of a cartridge 1 according to the invention, or to that which separates the two rails 12 of the frame 11 rigid upper frame of such a cartridge 1.

A cet effet, en outre, les traverses 123 et les longerons 120 culminent dans un même plan géométrique horizontal.For this purpose, in addition, the cross members 123 and the longitudinal members 120 culminate in the same horizontal geometric plane.

A une distance, au-dessus de ce plan géométrique, sensiblement égale à la hauteur d'une cartouche 1 selon l'invention, mesurée entre le bord inférieur 52 de la jupe 51 et le cadre 11 d'ossature supérieure rigide constitué par les longerons 12 et les traverses 13 et 14, ce qui correspond pour chacun des montants 116 à un niveau moyen, ces montants 116 sont raccordés mutuellement, de façon rigide, par un autre cadre horizontal, rectangulaire d'ossature, constitué par deux longerons 125 parallèles aux longerons 120 et par deux traverses 126 parallèles aux traverses 121 et 123.At a distance, above this geometric plane, substantially equal to the height of a cartridge 1 according to the invention, measured between the lower edge 52 of the skirt 51 and the frame 11 rigid upper frame consisting of the longitudinal members 12 and the cross members 13 and 14, which corresponds for each of the uprights 116 to a mean level, these amounts 116 are interconnected, rigidly, by another horizontal frame, rectangular frame consisting of two longitudinal members 125 parallel to the longitudinal members 120 and two cross members 126 parallel to the cross 121 and 123.

A un niveau encore supérieur, correspondant aux extrémités supérieures 127 des montants 116 et situé à une distance verticale des longerons 120 et des traverses 123 approximativement égale au double de la hauteur d'une cartouche selon l'invention 1, mesurée entre le bord inférieur 52 de sa jupe 51 et des longerons 12 et traverses 13, 14 de son cadre 11 d'ossature supérieure, les montants 116 sont également reliés par un autre cadre d'ossature rigide, constitué de deux longerons 128 parallèles aux longerons 120 et 125 et de deux traverses 129 parallèles aux traverses 121, 123 et 126.At a still higher level, corresponding to the upper ends 127 of the uprights 116 and located at a vertical distance from the longitudinal members 120 and cross members 123 approximately equal to twice the height of a cartridge according to the invention 1, measured between the lower edge 52 of its skirt 51 and longitudinal members 12 and crosspieces 13, 14 of its frame 11 of upper frame, the uprights 116 are also connected by another rigid frame frame, consisting of two side members 128 parallel to the side members 120 and 125 and two sleepers 129 parallel to the cross members 121, 123 and 126.

Aucune traverse intermédiaire entre les traverses 126 n'est prévue entre les longerons 125, de même qu'aucune traverse intermédiaire entre les traverses 129 n'est prévue entre les longerons 128, si bien que les deux cadres constitués par les longerons 125 et les traverses 126 et par les longerons 128 et les traverses 129, respectivement, sont intégralement ouverts, en direction verticale, et présentent intérieurement des dimensions en plan supérieures aux dimensions en plan, hors tout, d'une cartouche 1 selon l'invention. Ce surcroît de dimensions peut être de l'ordre de quelques centimètres, en direction horizontale transversale, à une vingtaine de centimètres, en direction horizontale longitudinale, ces chiffres n'étant indiqués qu'à titre d'exemples non limitatifs.No intermediate crossbeam between the crosspieces 126 is provided between the longitudinal members 125, just as no intermediate crossbeam between the crosspieces 129 is provided between the longitudinal members 128, so that the two frames formed by the longitudinal members 125 and the cross members 126 and by the longitudinal members 128 and crosspieces 129, respectively, are fully open, in the vertical direction, and have internally plan dimensions greater than the plan dimensions, overall, of a cartridge 1 according to the invention. This extra dimension can be of the order of a few centimeters, in horizontal transverse direction, to about twenty centimeters, in horizontal longitudinal direction, these figures being given only by way of non-limiting examples.

Le présentoir 115 définit ainsi une enceinte fermée vers le bas par un fond à claire-voie constitué par les longerons 120 et les traverses 123, mais intégralement ouverte vers le haut à partir de ce fond.The display 115 thus defines a chamber closed downwards by a raised bottom. by the longitudinal members 120 and the cross members 123, but integrally open upwards from this bottom.

Pour compléter périphériquement la fermeture de cette enceinte, les traverses 121, 126, 129 et les montants 116 qu'elles relient portent solidairement, de façon permanente, un grillage 130 qui, ainsi, ferme totalement la paroi latérale correspondante, ou flanc 131, du présentoir, sans constituer de saillie à l'intérieur de celui-ci.To peripherally complete the closure of this enclosure, the crosspieces 121, 126, 129 and the uprights 116 which they connect permanently carry a grid 130, which thus completely closes the corresponding lateral wall, or flank 131, of the grid. display, without projecting into it.

De même, l'un des longerons 120, les longerons 125 et 128 situés du même côté du présentoir 115 et les deux montants 116 correspondants portent solidairement, de façon permanente, un grillage 132 qui ferme ainsi de façon permanente une autre paroi latérale, ou façade arrière 133 du présentoir 115, sans constituer non plus de saillie à l'intérieur de celui-ci.Similarly, one of the longitudinal members 120, the longitudinal members 125 and 128 located on the same side of the display 115 and the two corresponding uprights 116 integrally, permanently, a grid 132 which thus permanently closes another side wall, or rear wall 133 of the display 115, without constituting a projection inside the latter.

Le long de cette façade arrière 133 peuvent d'ailleurs être également prévus des moyens de renfort pour le présentoir 115, illustrés sous forme d'un montant supplémentaire 134 vertical, disposé entre les deux montants 116 correspondants et à une même distance de ces derniers pour raccorder rigidement, entre eux, les longerons 120, 125 et 128 sans former de saillie vers l'intérieur du présentoir 115 par rapport aux longerons 120, 125, 128 ainsi raccordés mutuellement.Along this rear wall 133 may also be provided reinforcing means for the display 115, illustrated in the form of an additional amount 134 vertical, arranged between the two corresponding uprights 116 and at a distance from them for rigidly connect, between them, the longitudinal members 120, 125 and 128 without projecting inwardly of the display 115 relative to the longitudinal members 120, 125, 128 thus interconnected.

De façon plus générale, les montants 116, les longerons 125 et 128, les traverses 121, 126, 129 et le montant intermédiaire 134 sont disposés de façon à affleurer vers l'intérieur du présentoir 115, au niveau de chacun des deux flancs 131 de celui-ci, de sa façade arrière 133 et d'une façade avant 135 parallèle à cette façade arrière 133, un plan géométrique respectif qui définit ainsi à l'intérieur du présentoir 115, au-dessus des longerons 120 et des traverses 123, une face latérale plane, verticale, respective 136, 137, 138, de contour général rectangulaire.More generally, the uprights 116, the longitudinal members 125 and 128, the crosspieces 121, 126, 129 and the intermediate upright 134 are arranged so as to be flush towards the interior of the display 115, at each of the two flanks 131 of this one, of its rear facade 133 and of a front facade 135 parallel to this rear facade 133, a respective geometrical plane which thus defines inside the display 115, above the longitudinal members 120 and the crosspieces 123, a planar, vertical, respective lateral face 136, 137, 138, of rectangular general outline.

Au niveau de la façade avant 135, cette face intérieure 138 se limite à des parties respectives des longerons 125 et 128 et des montants 116, qui laissent dégagée entre eux une porte rectangulaire 139 d'accès à l'intérieur du présentoir 115, c'est-à-dire aux bouteilles 2 contenues par les cartouches 1 logées à l'intérieur de celui-ci, comme il apparaîtra par la suite.At the front face 135, this inner face 138 is limited to respective parts of the longitudinal members 125 and 128 and the uprights 116, which leave a rectangular door 139 open to them inside the display 115, that is to say the bottles 2 contained by the cartridges 1 housed inside thereof, as it will appear later.

A cet effet, la porte 139 présente entre deux bords latéraux rectilignes, verticaux 140 définis par les montants 116 correspondant à la façade avant 135, une largeur sensiblement égale à la dimension qui sépare mutuellement les deux montants 16 correspondant à un même grand côté du plancher 18 d'une cartouche 1, c'est-à-dire au produit du nombre de bouteilles 2 par rangée, dans une cartouche 1, par le diamètre hors tout de chacune de ces bouteilles 2, à savoir dans l'exemple illustré à sept fois ce diamètre.For this purpose, the door 139 has between two rectilinear vertical side edges 140 defined by the uprights 116 corresponding to the front panel 135, a width substantially equal to the dimension which separates the two uprights 16 corresponding to one and the same large side of the floor. 18 of a cartridge 1, that is to say the product of the number of bottles 2 per row, in a cartridge 1, the overall diameter of each of these bottles 2, namely in the example shown at seven times this diameter.

Il est bien entendu que la largeur de la porte 139 entre ses bords latéraux 140 pourrait également être supérieure à cette valeur qui, toutefois, est actuellement préférée compte tenu de ce qu'elle permet de faire jouer aux parties de la face intérieure 138 définies par les montants 116 un rôle dans le guidage des cartouches 1 à l'intérieur du présentoir 115, dans des conditions qui ressortiront de la suite de la description.It is understood that the width of the door 139 between its lateral edges 140 could also be greater than this value, which, however, is currently preferred given that it allows to play parts of the inner face 138 defined by the amounts 116 play a role in guiding the cartridges 1 inside the display 115, under conditions which will emerge from the rest of the description.

Dans le sens de la hauteur, la porte 139 est subdivisée par le longeron 125 en une moitié supérieure 141 et une moitié inférieure 142.In the direction of the height, the door 139 is subdivided by the spar 125 into an upper half 141 and a lower half 142.

La moitié supérieure 141 est délimitée par un bord supérieur 143 rectiligne, horizontal, défini par le longeron 128 correspondant à la façade avant 135 et constituant le bord supérieur de la porte 139 considérée dans son ensemble. Vers le bas, cette moitié supérieure 141 est délimitée par un bord inférieur 144 également rectiligne et horizontal, défini par la limite supérieure du longeron 125 correspondant à la façade avant 135.The upper half 141 is delimited by a rectilinear, horizontal upper edge 143, defined by the spar 128 corresponding to the front facade 135 and constituting the upper edge of the door 139 considered as a whole. Downwards, this upper half 141 is delimited by a lower edge 144 also rectilinear and horizontal, defined by the upper limit of the spar 125 corresponding to the front facade 135.

La moitié inférieure 142 est quant à elle délimitée vers le haut par un bord supérieur 145 rectiligne et horizontal, défini par la limite inférieure du longeron 125 correspondant à la façade avant 135, alors qu'elle est délimitée vers le bas par un bord inférieur 146, rectiligne et horizontal, constituant également le bord inférieur de la porte 139 considérée dans son ensemble et défini par une face supérieure 147, plane et horizontale, d'un rebord 148 que le présentoir 115 porte de façon solidaire, en porte-à-faux vers l'extérieur, sur sa façade avant 135, au moins sur la totalité de la largeur de la porte 139 et, de préférence, comme il est illustré, jusqu'au-delà des bords latéraux 140 de cette porte 139, à savoir de façon continue de l'un à l'autre des flancs 131.The lower half 142 is in turn delimited upwards by a rectilinear and horizontal upper edge 145, defined by the lower limit of the spar 125 corresponding to the front facade 135, whereas it is delimited downwards by a lower edge 146. , rectilinear and horizontal, also constituting the lower edge of the door 139 considered as a whole and defined by an upper face 147, flat and horizontal, a flange 148 that the display 115 carries integrally, cantilevered outward, on its front facade 135, at least over the entire width of the door 139 and, preferably, as illustrated, beyond the side edges 140 of this door 139, namely continuous way from one side to the other of the flanks 131.

La face supérieure 147 du rebord 148 est située à un niveau supérieur à celui des longerons 120 et des traverses 123, à savoir plus précisément à une distance verticale de ces longerons 120 et de ces traverses 123 sensiblement égale à la distance verticale qui sépare le plancher 18 du bord inférieur 52 de la jupe 51 d'une cartouche 1, de telle sorte que le plancher 18 d'une cartouche 1 reposant par le bord inférieur 52 de sa jupe 51 sur les longerons 120 et les traverses 123 soit sensiblement de niveau avec la face 147 qui, ainsi, prolonge coplanairement le plancher 18 de cette cartouche 1 vers l'extérieur du présentoir 115.The upper face 147 of the flange 148 is located at a level higher than that of the longitudinal members 120 and crosspieces 123, namely more precisely at a vertical distance from these longitudinal members 120 and crosspieces 123 substantially equal to the vertical distance separating the floor 18 of the lower edge 52 of the skirt 51 of a cartridge 1, so that the floor 18 of a cartridge 1 resting by the lower edge 52 of its skirt 51 on the longitudinal members 120 and the cross members 123 is substantially level with the face 147 which thus coplanarly extends the floor 18 of this cartridge 1 towards the outside of the display 115.

Par rapport au bord inférieur 146 ainsi défini par la face 147, le bord supérieur 145 de la moitié inférieure 142 de la porte 139 est situé à une hauteur au moins égale à celle d'une bouteille 2 placée debout.With respect to the lower edge 146 thus defined by the face 147, the upper edge 145 of the lower half 142 of the door 139 is located at a height at least equal to that of a bottle 2 standing.

De façon plus générale, par rapport au niveau du plancher 18 d'une cartouche 1 reposant par le bord inférieur 52 de sa jupe 51 sur les longerons 120 et les traverses 123, la face 147 définissant le bord inférieur 146 de la moitié inférieure 141 de la porte 139 est située à un niveau au plus égal à ce niveau et le bord supérieur 145 de cette moitié 142 est situé à un niveau correspondant au moins à la hauteur d'une bouteille 2, ce qui libère l'accès aux bouteilles 2 de cette cartouche 1 par la moitié inférieure 141 de la porte 139.More generally, with respect to the level of the floor 18 of a cartridge 1 resting by the lower edge 52 of its skirt 51 on the longitudinal members 120 and the crosspieces 123, the face 147 defining the lower edge 146 of the lower half 141 of the door 139 is located at a level at most equal to this level and the upper edge 145 of this half 142 is located at a level corresponding at least to the height of a bottle 2, which releases access to the bottles 2 of this cartridge 1 by the lower half 141 of the door 139.

Le bord inférieur 144 de la moitié supérieure 140 de la porte 139 est quant à lui situé, par rapport au bord inférieur 146 de la moitié inférieure 142, à un niveau correspondant sensiblement à la hauteur d'une cartouche 1 mesurée entre le bord inférieur 52 de sa jupe 51 et son cadre 11 d'ossature supérieure, constitué par les longerons 12 et les traverses 13 et 14, de telle sorte que le plancher 18 d'une autre cartouche 1 reposant, dans les conditions d'empilement mutuel des cartouches précédemment décrites, sur la cartouche 1 précitée, reposant elle-même sur les longerons 120 et les traverses 123 par le bord inférieur 52 de sa jupe 51, soit situé approximativement de niveau avec ce bord 144.The lower edge 144 of the upper half 140 of the door 139 is in turn, relative to the lower edge 146 of the lower half 142, at a level substantially corresponding to the height of a cartridge 1 measured between the lower edge 52 its skirt 51 and frame 11 of upper frame, consisting of the longitudinal members 12 and the crosspieces 13 and 14, so that the floor 18 of another cartridge 1 resting, under the mutual stacking conditions of the cartridges previously described, on the aforementioned cartridge 1, resting itself on the longitudinal members 120 and crosspieces 123 by the lower edge 52 of its skirt 51, is located approximately level with this edge 144.

Le bord supérieur 143 de la moitié supérieure 141 de la porte 139 est quant à lui situé, par rapport à ce bord 144, à un niveau au moins égal à la hauteur d'une bouteille 2 reposant debout sur le plancher 18 de la cartouche 1 supérieure de l'empilement, ce qui libère l'accès aux bouteilles 2 de cette cartouche 1 par la moitié supérieure 140 de la porte 139.The upper edge 143 of the upper half 141 of the door 139 is in turn, with respect to this edge 144, at a level at least equal to the height of a bottle 2 standing upright on the floor 18 of the cartridge 1 top of the stack, which frees the access to the bottles 2 of the cartridge 1 by the upper half 140 of the door 139.

En d'autres termes, le bord supérieur 143, considéré comme le bord supérieur de la porte 139, est situé par rapport au bord inférieur 146, considéré comme le bord inférieur de celle-ci, à un niveau qui correspond au moins à la hauteur d'une bouteille 2 placée debout, augmentée de la hauteur d'une cartouche 1.In other words, the upper edge 143, considered as the upper edge of the door 139, is located with respect to the lower edge 146, considered as the lower edge thereof, at a level which corresponds at least to the height a bottle 2 standing, increased by the height of a cartridge 1.

Le longerons 128 et les traverses 129, ainsi que les extrémités supérieures 127 des montants 116, culminent quant à eux à un niveau au moins égal, à savoir de préférence approximativement égal, à celui auquel culmine le cadre 11 d'ossature supérieure de la cartouche 1 ainsi placée en position supérieure, c'est-à-dire à celui des longerons 120 et traverses 123 augmenté du double de la hauteur d'une cartouche 1.The rails 128 and crosspieces 129, as well as the upper ends 127 of the uprights 116, culminate in turn to a level at least equal, preferably preferably approximately equal to that which culminates the frame 11 of the upper frame of the cartridge 1 and placed in the upper position, that is to say that of the longitudinal members 120 and 123 crosses increased by twice the height of a cartridge 1.

Le dimensionnement des différents composants du présentoir 115, à cet effet, en fonction du dimensionnement d'une cartouche 1 et d'une bouteille 2, relève des aptitudes normales d'un Homme du métier.The sizing of the various components of the display 115, for this purpose, according to the sizing of a cartridge 1 and a bottle 2, is within the normal abilities of a person skilled in the art.

Le rebord 148 est constitué par la juxtaposition solidaire, suivant une direction transversale, horizontale, d'un premier tube 149, rectiligne, longitudinal, présentant de préférence une section circulaire, d'une glissière 150 rectiligne, longitudinale, présentant par exemple la forme d'un profilé en U ouvert vers le haut, et d'un deuxième tube 151 rectiligne, longitudinal, présentant de préférence une section circulaire comme le tube 149. Le tube 149 est directement adjacent à la façade avant 135 du présentoir 115, et le tube 151 définit la limite du rebord 148 dans le sens d'un éloignement par rapport à cette façade avant 135. Les deux tubes 149 et 151 et des bords supérieurs libres 164, 165, rectilignes et longitudinaux de deux ailes du profilé en U constituant la glissière 150, entre les deux tubes 149 et 151, culminent suivant un même plan horizontal qui définit la face 147.The flange 148 is constituted by the juxtaposition, in a transverse, horizontal direction, of a first rectilinear longitudinal tube 149, preferably having a circular cross-section, of a longitudinal rectilinear slideway 150 having, for example, the shape an upwardly open U-profile, and a second longitudinal rectilinear tube 151, preferably having a circular cross-section like the tube 149. The tube 149 is directly adjacent to the front facade 135 of the display 115, and the tube 151 defines the limit of the rim 148 in the direction of a distance from the front panel 135. The two tubes 149 and 151 and the upper free edges 164, 165, rectilinear and longitudinal two wings of the U-shaped section constituting the slide 150, between the two tubes 149 and 151, culminate in the same horizontal plane which defines the face 147.

A l'aplomb du rebord 148, la façade avant 135 du présentoir 115 porte solidairement, en porte-à-faux vers l'extérieur de celui-ci, par le longeron 128 correspondant à cette façade avant 135, un deuxième rebord 152 également horizontal, s'étendant de préférence comme le rebord 148 de l'un à l'autre des flancs 131 du présentoir 115, et ce rebord 152 porte, directement à l'aplomb de la glissière 150, une glissière 151 également rectiligne et longitudinale, constituée par un profilé en U ouvert vers le bas, c'est-à-dire en regard du profilé constituant la glissière 150. Le rebord 152 considéré dans son ensemble, y compris la glissière 151, se trouve situé à un niveau supérieur à celui du bord supérieur 143 de la porte 139, d'une façon à ne pas entraver le passage des bouteilles 2 à travers celle-ci.In line with the rim 148, the front facade 135 of the display unit 115 carries, cantilevered outwardly thereof, by the spar 128 corresponding to this front facade 135, a second flange 152 also horizontal , extending preferably as the flange 148 from one to the other of the sides 131 of the display 115, and this rim 152 carries, directly above the slide 150, a slide 151 also rectilinear and longitudinal, constituted by a channel U open downward, that is to say facing the profile constituting the slide 150. The flange 152 considered as a whole, including the slide 151, is located at a level higher than that of the upper edge 143 of the door 139, so as not to hinder the passage of the bottles 2 through it.

Les deux glissières 150 et 151 assurent le guidage au coulissement longitudinal, le long de la façade avant 135, de deux vantaux 153, 154, identiques à des détails d'exécution près, permettant de fermer intégralement la porte 139 ou d'en ouvrir tantôt une partie qui est la plus proche de l'un des montants 116 délimitant la façade avant 135, tantôt une partie qui est la plus proche de l'autre montant 116 de la façade avant 135, comme le montrent respectivement les figures 6, 7 et 10.The two slides 150 and 151 ensure the longitudinal sliding guide, along the front panel 135, of two leaves 153, 154, identical to the details of execution, allowing the door 139 to be completely closed or to be opened earlier. a part that is closest to one of the uprights 116 delimiting the front façade 135, sometimes a part that is closest to the other upright 116 of the front façade 135, as shown respectively by the figures 6 , 7 and 10 .

A cet effet, chacun des vantaux 153, 154, avantageusement réalisés en construction mécano-soudée comme le reste du présentoir 115, comporte un cadre rigide 155, 156 plat, rectangulaire, vertical, constitué de deux montants rectilignes, verticaux 157, 158 raccordés mutuellement, à leurs extrémités inférieures et à leurs extrémités supérieures, par des traverses 159, 160, horizontales, et à un niveau moyen par une traverse supplémentaire 161, 162 également horizontale. Chaque cadre ainsi constitué est intégralement fermé par un grillage 163, 164 qui peut lui-même porter solidairement, à l'extérieur du présentoir 115, un panneau 165, 166 d'identification du gazier ou d'indication des caractéristiques du gaz conditionné dans les bouteilles 2.For this purpose, each of the leaves 153, 154, advantageously made in welded construction like the rest of the display 115, comprises a rigid frame 155, 156 flat, rectangular, vertical, consisting of two rectilinear vertical uprights 157, 158 connected to each other at their lower ends and their upper ends, by crosspieces 159, 160, horizontal, and at a mean level by an additional cross 161, 162 also horizontal. Each frame thus formed is integrally closed by a grid 163, 164 which can itself bear solidarity, outside the display 115, a panel 165, 166 of identification of the gas or indication of the characteristics of the conditioned gas in the bottles 2.

Chacune des traverses 159, 160 présente la forme d'un profilé en U ouvert vers l'extérieur du cadre correspondant 155, 156, c'est-à-dire vers le bas en ce qui concerne les traverses 159, 160 inférieures, et vers le haut en ce qui concerne les traverses 159, 160 supérieures, et renferme intérieurement des galets non illustrés de roulement sur le bord supérieur libre 164, 165 de l'une des ailes du profilé 150, en ce qui concerne les traverses 159, 160 inférieures, et sur un bord inférieur libre, respectivement correspondant, de l'une, respective, de deux ailes non illustrées de la glissière 151, en ce qui concerne les traverses 159, 160 supérieures. Le bord libre 164 étant plus proche de la façade avant 135 que le bord libre 165, le vantail 153 longe ainsi directement cette façade avant 135, que le vantail 154 longe par l'intermédiaire de ce vantail 153.Each of the crosspieces 159, 160 has the shape of a U-shaped section open towards the outside of the corresponding frame 155, 156, that is to say downwards as regards the crosspieces 159, 160 below, and towards the top with regard to the crosspieces 159, 160 upper, and internally contains rollers not shown bearing on the upper free edge 164, 165 of one of the wings of the profile 150, with regard to the cross members 159, 160 below , and on a free lower edge, respectively corresponding, of one, respective, of two wings not shown of the slide 151, as regards the cross members 159, 160 upper. Since the free edge 164 is closer to the front facade 135 than the free edge 165, the leaf 153 thus runs directly along this front facade 135, which the leaf 154 runs through this leaf 153.

Le dimensionnement de chacun des montants 157, 158, à cet effet, c'est-à-dire le choix de la hauteur de chacun des vantaux 153, 154 relève des aptitudes normales d'un Homme du métier ; compte tenu des positionnements précédemment décrits des rebords 148 et 152, cette hauteur de chacun des vantaux 153 et 154 est au moins égale à la hauteur de la porte 139, mesurée entre son bord inférieur 146 et son bord supérieur 143.The dimensioning of each of the amounts 157, 158, for this purpose, that is to say the choice of the height of each of the leaves 153, 154 is within the normal abilities of a person skilled in the art; considering the previously described positions of the flanges 148 and 152, this height of each of the leaves 153 and 154 is at least equal to the height of the door 139, measured between its lower edge 146 and its upper edge 143.

La largeur de chacun des vantaux 153, 154, c'est-à-dire la longueur des traverses 159, 160, est quant à elle sensiblement égale à la moitié de la largeur de la porte 139 mesurée entre ses bords latéraux 140, ce qui permet d'obturer totalement la porte 139, comme le montre la figure 6, en plaçant les vantaux 153 et 154 de telle sorte que l'un de leurs montants 157, 158 jouxte un bord latéral 140 respectif de la porte 139 et qu'ils soient mutuellement adjacents par l'autre de leurs montants 157, 158.The width of each of the leaves 153, 154, that is to say the length of the crosspieces 159, 160 is in turn substantially equal to half the width of the door 139 measured between its lateral edges 140, which allows to completely close the door 139, as shown in the figure 6 , placing the leaves 153 and 154 so that one of their amounts 157, 158 adjacent a respective lateral edge 140 of the door 139 and that they are mutually adjacent by the other of their amounts 157, 158.

De préférence, les deux vantaux 153, 154 peuvent être verrouillés par rapport au présentoir 115, dans cette position de fermeture de la porte 139, par exemple au moyen d'une serrure appropriée 161 prévue sur celui des montants 158 du vantail 154 qui vient alors jouxter un montant 157 du vantail 153, à un niveau correspondant à celui du longeron 125 ; on peut alors choisir la serrure 161 d'un type permettant d'engager dans un trou 162 prévu dans une position centrale sur le longeron 125, dans la façade avant 135, un pêne formant une goupille qui, par ailleurs, passe en regard du montant 157 précité du vantail 153 ou à travers un trou de ce montant 157, comme le comprendra aisément un Homme du métier. Naturellement, ce type de serrure ne constitue qu'un exemple non limitatif, et d'autres choix pourront être effectués sans que l'on sorte pour autant du cadre de la présente invention.Preferably, the two leaves 153, 154 can be locked relative to the display 115, in this closed position of the door 139, for example by means of a suitable lock 161 provided on that of the uprights 158 of the leaf 154 which then comes adjoin an amount 157 of the leaf 153, at a level corresponding to that of the spar 125; we can then choose the lock 161 of a type to engage in a hole 162 provided in a central position on the spar 125 in the front panel 135, a bolt forming a pin which, moreover, passes next to the amount 157 aforesaid leaf 153 or through a hole of this amount 157, as will readily be understood by a man of the job. Naturally, this type of lock is only a non-limiting example, and other choices may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Une fois la serrure 161 déverrouillée, il est possible de faire coulisser longitudinalement, au choix, l'un ou l'autre des vantaux 153 et 154 afin de les superposer mutuellement en les plaçant tous deux à proximité de l'un ou l'autre, au choix, des bords latéraux 140 de la porte.Once the lock 161 has been unlocked, it is possible to slide longitudinally, as desired, one or other of the leaves 153 and 154 in order to superpose them mutually by placing them both close to one or the other optionally, side edges 140 of the door.

A cet égard, une course de chaque vantail 153, 154 égale à sa largeur, à partir de la position de fermeture illustrée à la figure 6, pour dégager une moitié correspondante de la porte 139, est suffisante lorsque chaque rangée de bouteilles 2 d'une cartouche 1 selon l'invention compte un nombre pair de bouteilles 2, de façon non illustrée mais aisément compréhensible par un Homme du métier.In this respect, a stroke of each leaf 153, 154 equal to its width, from the closed position illustrated in FIG. figure 6 , to release a corresponding half of the door 139 is sufficient when each row of bottles 2 of a cartridge 1 according to the invention has an even number of bottles 2, not shown but easily understandable by a skilled person.

Lorsque, par contre, une rangée de bouteilles 2 compte un nombre impair de bouteilles, comme c'est par exemple le cas à la figure 1, cette course est insuffisante dans la mesure où elle ne permet pas de dégager totalement la bouteille 2 centrale de chaque rangée, c'est-à-dire ne permet d'accéder à cette bouteille qu'à la condition de sortir une bouteille 2 voisine de la bouteille 2 centrale, au moins dans la rangée la plus proche de la porte 139.When, on the other hand, a row of bottles 2 has an odd number of bottles, as is the case, for example, with figure 1 this race is insufficient to the extent that it does not allow to completely clear the bottle 2 central each row, that is to say, allows access to this bottle only on the condition of removing a bottle 2 neighbor of the central cylinder 2, at least in the row closest to the door 139.

C'est pourquoi on a prévu, dans le présentoir 115 tel qu'il est illustré en particulier aux figures 6, 7, 10, 11, que les glissières 150, 151 se poursuivent au-delà des bords latéraux 140 de la porte 139, en regard des montants 116 bordant la façade avant 135, à savoir sur une distance au moins égale à la moitié du diamètre de la face périphérique extérieure 5 ou du fond 3 d'une bouteille 2, pour autoriser un surcroît de course correspondant des vantaux 153 et 154 dans le sens de l'ouverture.This is why, in the display stand 115, as illustrated in particular in the figures 6 , 7 , 10 , 11 , that the slides 150, 151 continue beyond the side edges 140 of the door 139, facing the uprights 116 bordering the front panel 135, namely over a distance at least equal to half the diameter of the outer peripheral face 5 or the bottom 3 of a bottle 2, to allow an additional corresponding stroke of the leaves 153 and 154 in the direction of the opening.

Ainsi, comme le montre la figure 10, après avoir fait accomplir à l'un des vantaux, tel que le vantail 153, une course égale à sa largeur pour le placer en regard de l'autre vantail, à savoir le vantail 154, on peut faire accomplir aux deux vantaux 153, 154 une course supplémentaire conjointe, correspondant au moins à la moitié du diamètre précité d'une bouteille, ce qui permet de dégager la bouteille centrale de chaque rangée par une translation complète des deux vantaux 153, 154 soit dans un sens, soit dans l'autre, le long des glissières 150 et 151.So, as shown in figure 10 after having made one of the leaves, such as the leaf 153, perform a stroke equal to its width in order to place it opposite the other leaf, namely the leaf 154, it is possible to make the two leaves 153 perform, 154 an additional joint run, corresponding to at least half of the aforementioned diameter of a bottle, which allows to release the central bottle of each row by a complete translation of the two leaves 153, 154 is in one direction, or in the other, along slides 150 and 151.

Naturellement, les vantaux 153, 154 peuvent être munis de tout moyen permettant de faciliter leur déplacement le long des glissières 150 et 151, et l'on a par exemple illustré une poignée non référencée sur le montant 157 du vantail 153 qui jouxte un bord latéral 140 de la porte 139 en position de fermeture et sur le montant 158 du vantail 154 qui jouxte l'autre montant 157 du vantail 153 en position de fermeture.Naturally, the leaves 153, 154 can be provided with any means to facilitate their movement along the slides 150 and 151, and there is for example illustrated a handle not referenced on the amount 157 of the leaf 153 which adjoins a lateral edge 140 of the door 139 in the closed position and on the amount 158 of the leaf 154 which adjoins the other amount 157 of the leaf 153 in the closed position.

L'aptitude du présentoir 115 qui vient d'être décrit à recevoir deux cartouches 1 à l'état mutuellement empilé, dont le cadre 15 d'ossature latérale correspondant à la barrière 24 mobile est tourné vers la façade avant 135 et débouche vers l'une, respective, des moitiés 141 et 142 de la porte 139 pour permettre la substitution des bouteilles 2 de chacune de ces cartouches après positionnement de leur barrière 24 en position de dégagement de ces bouteilles 2 et après que l'on ait placé les vantaux 153, 154 dans une position d'ouverture appropriée, ressort à l'évidence, pour un Homme du métier, des dispositions qui viennent d'être décrites en ce qui concerne d'une part les cartouches 1 selon l'invention et d'autre part le présentoir 115 selon l'invention.The ability of the display 115 which has just been described to receive two cartridges 1 in the mutually stacked state, whose frame of lateral frame corresponding to the movable barrier 24 is turned towards the front facade 135 and leads to the one, respectively, of the halves 141 and 142 of the door 139 to allow the substitution of the bottles 2 of each of these cartridges after positioning their barrier 24 in the release position of these bottles 2 and after placing the leaves 153 , 154 in a suitable open position, is evident, for a person skilled in the art, provisions that have just been described with regard to firstly the cartridges 1 according to the invention and secondly the display 115 according to the invention.

Il ressort également de ce qui précède que la substitution des cartouches 1 à l'intérieur de ce présentoir 115 ne peut s'effectuer que par le haut de celui-ci, puisqu'il définit par ailleurs une enceinte suffisamment fermée, latéralement, de toute part pour empêcher toute extraction ou toute introduction de cartouches 1.It also emerges from the foregoing that the substitution of the cartridges 1 inside this display 115 can be made only by the top of this, since it also defines a sufficiently closed enclosure, laterally, from all sides to prevent any extraction or introduction of cartridges 1.

En particulier, l'introduction de cartouches 1 pleines de bouteilles 2 pleines de gaz de pétrole liquéfié s'effectue, au moyen de l'engin de levage tel qu'une grue 82 et du palonnier 84 selon l'invention, par introduction puis coulissement de haut en bas dans le présentoir 115.In particular, the introduction of cartridges 1 full bottles 2 full of liquefied petroleum gas is carried out by means of the hoist such as a crane 82 and the rudder 84 according to the invention, by introduction and sliding from top to bottom in the display stand 115.

Pour faciliter le mouvement d'introduction, le présentoir 115 présente dans une zone d'extrémité supérieure, à savoir pour l'essentiel en saillie au-dessus des longerons 128 et des traverses 129, des moyens 167 formant une trémie convergeant vers le bas, pour faciliter un centrage progressif précis de chaque cartouche 1 lorsqu'elle descend vers l'intérieur du présentoir 115 après un centrage initial plus ou moins approximatif.To facilitate the introduction movement, the display 115 has in an upper end zone, namely essentially protruding above the longitudinal members 128 and sleepers 129, means 167 forming a hopper converging downwards, to facilitate accurate progressive centering of each cartridge 1 as it descends to the interior of the display 115 after a more or less approximate initial centering.

Selon un mode de réalisation à la fois particulièrement simple et particulièrement efficace, ces moyens 167 formant trémie sont localisés sur la façade arrière 133 du présentoir 115 ainsi que dans des zones des flancs 131 de celui-ci immédiatement adjacentes à cette façade arrière 133, c'est-à-dire à proximité immédiate des coins de raccordement de cette façade arrière 133 avec les flancs 131.According to a particularly simple and particularly effective embodiment, these hopper means 167 are located on the back cover 133 of the display 115 as well as in areas of the flanks 131 thereof immediately adjacent to this rear facade 133, FIG. that is to say in the immediate vicinity of the connecting corners of this rear facade 133 with the flanks 131.

Dans l'exemple illustré, ces moyens 167 comportent ainsi, à proximité immédiate de chacun de ces coins, une paroi plate respective 168, solidaire du longeron 128 correspondant et prolongeant vers le haut la façade arrière 133 du présentoir 115. Plus précisément, chacune des parois 168 est parallèle à la façade avant 135 et présente vers celle-ci, c'est-à-dire vers l'aplomb du présentoir 115, une face plane respective 169 coplanaire avec la face plane que constituent, vers l'intérieur du présentoir 115, les longerons 125 et 128 et les montants 116 correspondant à la façade arrière 133, ainsi que le montant 134.In the example illustrated, these means 167 thus comprise, in the immediate vicinity of each of these corners, a respective flat wall 168, integral with the corresponding spar 128 and extending upwardly the rear wall 133 of the display 115. More specifically, each of wall 168 is parallel to the front panel 135 and presents towards it, that is to say towards the plinth of the display 115, a respective flat face 169 coplanar with the flat face that constitute, towards the interior of the display 115, the spars 125 and 128 and the uprights 116 corresponding to the back cover 133, as well as the amount 134.

Ces moyens 167 formant trémie comportent en outre une face plane respective 170 de guidage constituant une zone d'extrémité supérieure d'une autre paroi respective, constituée par un fer plat respectif 171 fixé par l'un de ses chants sur la face 169 ainsi que sur le montant 116 correspondant, de telle sorte que les faces 170 divergent mutuellement vers le haut, en étant mutuellement symétriques par rapport au plan 59.These means 167 forming hopper further comprise a respective planar surface 170 constituting an upper end zone of another respective wall, constituted by a respective flat iron 171 fixed by one of its edges on the face 169 and on the corresponding upright 116, so that the faces 170 diverge mutually upward, being mutually symmetrical with respect to the plane 59.

Chaque fer plat 171 se prolonge vers le bas à l'intérieur du présentoir 115, en étant fixé par son chant sur le montant 116 correspondant, pour constituer à l'intérieur du présentoir 115 une glissière verticale respective 172, en relief vers l'intérieur du présentoir 115 par rapport à la face 136 du flanc 131 correspondant, pour assurer un guidage de chaque cartouche 1 au coulissement vertical à l'intérieur du présentoir 115.Each flat iron 171 is extended downward inside the display 115, being fixed by its edge on the corresponding upright 116, to constitute inside the display 115 a respective vertical slide 172, raised inwardly. of the display 115 relative to the face 136 of the corresponding flank 131, to ensure a guide of each cartridge 1 vertical sliding inside the display 115.

A cet effet, les deux glissières 172 ainsi définies sont mutuellement parallèles et mutuellement espacées d'une distance sensiblement égale, bien que légèrement supérieure d'un jeu fonctionnel de l'ordre de quelques centimètres, à la longueur extérieure hors tout d'une cartouche 1, mesurée au niveau de ses consoles en crochet 23.For this purpose, the two slides 172 thus defined are mutually parallel and spaced apart by a substantially equal distance, although slightly greater than a functional clearance of the order of a few centimeters, to the overall external length of a cartridge 1, measured at the level of its brackets 23.

Plus précisément, chaque glissière 172 est constituée par une face plane du fer plat 171 correspondant, cette face s'étendant parallèlement la face plane 136 que constitue, vers l'intérieur du présentoir 115, le flanc 131 correspondant, en formant une saillie par rapport à cette face 136 du flanc 131, depuis une extrémité inférieure située à quelques centimètres en dessous du niveau auquel se situent les consoles en crochet 23 de la cartouche 1 située en position inférieure à l'intérieur du présentoir 115 lorsque celle-ci repose par le bord inférieur 52 de sa jupe 51 sur les longerons 120 et traverses 123, comme le montre la figure 9, jusqu'à une extrémité supérieure située à quelques centimètres en dessous des longerons 128 et des traverses 129, où le fer 171 est plié de telle sorte qu'au-dessus de ce niveau, la face 170 respective de guidage prolonge la face 172 correspondante.More specifically, each slide 172 is constituted by a flat face of the flat iron 171 corresponding, this face extending parallel to the plane face 136 that constitutes, towards the interior of the display 115, the corresponding flank 131, forming a protrusion relative at this face 136 of the flank 131, from a lower end located a few centimeters below the level at which the hook brackets 23 of the cartridge 1 located in the lower position are located inside the display 115 when the latter is resting by the lower edge 52 of its skirt 51 on the side members 120 and 123 cross members, as the show it figure 9 up to an upper end located a few centimeters below the longitudinal members 128 and sleepers 129, where the iron 171 is bent so that above this level, the respective guide face 170 extends the corresponding face 172 .

Dans l'exemple préféré illustré, chaque face 170 s'étend ainsi, vers le haut, jusqu'à un deuxième pli du fer 171 respectif, à partir duquel celui-ci présente une autre face plane 173, plus courte et plus inclinée que la face 170, de telle sorte que les faces 173 des deux fers 171 s'écartent l'une de l'autre, vers le haut, de façon plus prononcée que les faces 170, jusqu'à une extrémité supérieure respective correspondant à une extrémité libre du fer 171 correspondant, située à quelques centimètres en dessous d'un bord supérieur horizontal, non référencé, de la plaque 168 correspondante, comme le montre plus particulièrement la figure 8.In the preferred example illustrated, each face 170 thus extends, upwardly, to a second fold of the respective iron 171, from which it has another plane face 173, shorter and more inclined than the face 170, so that the faces 173 of the two irons 171 deviate from each other, upwards, more pronounced than the faces 170, to a respective upper end corresponding to a free end corresponding iron 171, located a few centimeters below a horizontal upper edge, not referenced, of the corresponding plate 168, as shown more particularly by the figure 8 .

En outre, de façon non détaillée, les montants 116 correspondant à la façade avant 135 peuvent présenter, dans une zone d'extrémité supérieure, un léger infléchissement, vers le haut, dans le sens d'un éloignement par rapport à la façade arrière 133, davantage dans le but d'éviter leur endommagement et celui du bord inférieur 52 de la jupe 51 d'une cartouche 1 en cas d'approche brutale, après un positionnement initial trop imprécis de la cartouche 1 à insérer dans le présentoir.In addition, in a non-detailed manner, the uprights 116 corresponding to the front facade 135 may present, in an upper end zone, a slight upward flexion in the direction of a distance from the rear facade 133 , more in order to prevent their damage and that of the lower edge 52 of the skirt 51 of a cartridge 1 in case of brutal approach, after initial positioning too imprecise cartridge 1 to be inserted in the display.

Les modes possibles d'utilisation d'une cartouche 1 selon l'invention et l'intérêt des dispositions caractéristiques ou préférées d'une telle cartouche 1, du palonnier 84 selon l'invention et du présentoir 115 selon l'invention ressortiront de la description, qui va suivre, d'une tournée de livraison effectuée, à partir d'un site centralisé de stockage de bouteilles 2 pleines de gaz de pétrole liquéfié ou de remplissage de telles bouteilles en gaz de pétrole liquéfié, vers des sites de commercialisation dont chacun est de préférence équipé d'au moins un présentoir 115 selon l'invention, préalablement installé soit au moyen d'un chariot élévateur à fourche, prenant en charge ce présentoir 115 par l'espace 118 prévu à cet effet, soit au moyen d'un engin de levage auquel un présentoir 115 selon l'invention peut être suspendu, par l'intermédiaire de suspentes accrochées à des anses 173 que les traverses 129 portent solidairement, en saillie vers le haut, à proximité immédiate de leur raccordement avec chacun des longerons 128, et préalablement garni de deux cartouches 1 selon l'invention, mutuellement empilées, dont au moins la majorité des bouteilles 2, initialement pleines, a été remplacée par des bouteilles 2 vides, au fur et à mesure des ventes, étant entendu qu'à chaque bouteille 2 pleine, vendue, est en principe systématiquement substituée une bouteille 2 identique, vide, rendue par l'acheteur de la bouteille 2 pleine.The possible modes of use of a cartridge 1 according to the invention and the interest of the characteristic or preferred arrangements of such a cartridge 1, the lifter 84 according to the invention and the display 115 according to the invention will emerge from the description , which will follow, of a delivery round carried out, from a centralized site of storage of bottles 2 full of liquefied petroleum gas or filling of such cylinders with liquefied petroleum gas, towards marketing sites each of which is preferably equipped at least one display 115 according to the invention, previously installed either by means of a forklift truck, supporting this display 115 by the space 118 provided for this purpose, or by means of a hoist to which a display 115 according to the invention can be suspended, by means of suspensions attached to handles 173 that the crosspieces 129 bear integrally, projecting upwards, in the immediate vicinity of their connection with each of the longitudinal members 128, and previously packed with two cartridges 1 according to the invention, mutually stacked, of which at least the majority of the bottles 2, initially full, was replaced by empty bottles 2, as and when sales, being understood that each bottle 2 full, sold, is in principle systematically substituted a bottle 2 identical, empty, returned by the buyer of the bottle 2 full.

Sur le site centralisé de remplissage ou de stockage, les cartouches 1 selon l'invention, dont chacune est emplie de bouteilles 2 pleines, dans les conditions décrites en référence à la figure 1, et dont les barrières 20 et 24 sont placées dans leur position d'enfermement périphérique de ces bouteilles, sont déposées sur le plateau 176 du camion 83, de préférence sous forme de piles mutuellement juxtaposées de deux cartouches 1 mutuellement superposées dans les conditions précédemment décrites, de telle sorte que le bord inférieur 52 de la jupe 51 de la cartouche 1 inférieure de chaque pile repose à plat sur plateau 176 du camion, et que les petits côtés du plancher, c'est-à-dire les barrières 20 les plus courtes, soient tournés vers les bords longitudinaux 180 du plateau 176, pour permettre si nécessaire, par exemple en cas de panne de l'engin de levage 82, un accès à l'intérieur des cartouches 1 dans les mêmes conditions qu'à l'intérieur des casiers standardisés, après que l'on ait placé au moins une de leurs barrières 20, provisoirement, en position haute de libération des bouteilles 2.At the centralized filling or storage site, the cartridges 1 according to the invention, each of which is filled with full bottles 2, under the conditions described with reference to FIG. figure 1 , and whose barriers 20 and 24 are placed in their position of peripheral confinement of these bottles, are deposited on the tray 176 of the truck 83, preferably in the form of mutually juxtaposed piles of two cartridges 1 mutually superimposed under the previously described conditions , so that the lower edge 52 of the skirt 51 of the lower cartridge 1 of each stack lies flat on the tray 176 of the truck, and that the short sides of the floor, that is to say the barriers 20 most short, are turned towards the longitudinal edges 180 of the plate 176, to allow if necessary, for example in case of failure of the hoist 82, access to the interior of the cartridges 1 under the same conditions as the inside standardized traps, after placing at least one of the their barriers 20, temporarily, in the high position of release of the bottles 2.

Si le camion 83 doit également transporter des casiers 54 selon l'invention, empilés avec des cartouches 1 selon l'invention, ces dernières sont de préférence placées au-dessus dans la mesure où elles sont destinées à être déchargées du camion 83 sur les sites de commercialisation auxquels elles sont destinées, contrairement aux casiers 54 selon l'invention qui, en principe, sont destinés à rester sur le plateau 176 du camion pour être déchargés de leurs bouteilles pleines et chargés en bouteilles vides manuellement, sur chaque site de commercialisation, après que l'on ait placé au moins l'une de leurs barrières 67 en position de libération des bouteilles 2, dans des conditions similaires aux conditions d'utilisation des casiers standardisés.If the truck 83 is also to carry racks 54 according to the invention, stacked with cartridges 1 according to the invention, the latter are preferably placed above since they are intended to be unloaded from the truck 83 on the sites. their intended marketing, unlike the lockers 54 according to the invention which, in principle, are intended to remain on the tray 176 of the truck to be unloaded from their full bottles and loaded empty bottles manually, at each marketing site, after having placed at least one of their barriers 67 in the release position of the bottles 2, under conditions similar to the conditions of use of the standardized bins.

On observera que le chargement du plateau 176 en cartouches selon l'invention 1 peut être effectué par tout moyen, à savoir par exemple au moyen de la grue 82 et du palonnier 84 selon l'invention, mais on préfère utiliser un chariot élévateur à fourche dont chaque branche s'engage entre les fers 122 d'une cartouche 1 respective, de telle sorte qu'un même chariot transporte simultanément deux de ces cartouches, destinées à être mutuellement juxtaposées, à un même niveau, sur le plateau 176 du camion 83.It will be observed that the loading of the tray 176 into cartridges according to the invention 1 can be carried out by any means, namely for example by means of the crane 82 and the spreader 84 according to the invention, but it is preferred to use a forklift truck each branch engages between the irons 122 of a respective cartridge 1, so that a same carriage simultaneously transports two of these cartridges, intended to be mutually juxtaposed, at the same level, on the tray 176 of the truck 83 .

Lorsque ce dernier commence sa tournée, de même qu'entre ses différents arrêts sur les sites de commercialisation, la grue 82 peut être placée dans toute position de repos mais on préfère une position illustrée à la figure 13, dans laquelle elle vient en prise, par le palonnier 84 dont elle est de préférence munie en permanence et qui se trouve alors dans l'état décrit en référence à la figure 18, avec le cadre 11 d'ossature supérieure rigide de l'une des cartouches 1 selon l'invention placée en position haute lors de l'empilement, à savoir plus précisément par ancrage des crochets 105 sous les traverses intermédiaires 14 de ce cadre 11 et appui des pattes de centrage 179 contre les longerons 12 de ce cadre 11, comme le montre la figure 13.When the crane begins its tour, as well as between its various stops on the marketing sites, the crane 82 can be placed in any rest position but it prefers a position illustrated in the figure 13 , in which it engages, by the rudder 84 which it is preferably permanently equipped and which is then in the state described with reference to the figure 18 with the frame 11 rigid upper frame of one of the cartridges 1 according to the invention placed in the upper position during stacking, namely more precisely by anchoring hooks 105 under the intermediate cross members 14 of this frame 11 and support of the centering tabs 179 against the longitudinal members 12 of this frame 11, as shown in FIG. figure 13 .

Une fois le camion 83 arrivé sur un site de commercialisation équipé d'un présentoir 115 selon l'invention, le chauffeur stabilise son camion puis, si la cartouche 1 sur laquelle le palonnier 84 selon l'invention était initialement ancré n'est pas destinée à être livrée sur ce site de commercialisation, il ramène par action sur le boîtier de télécommande 175 le palonnier 84 à un état dans lequel les pattes de centrage 179 occupent leur position de rapprochement mutuel maximal, de même que les crochets 105, ce qui libère le palonnier 84 de la cartouche 1.Once the truck 83 has arrived at a marketing site equipped with a display 115 according to the invention, the driver stabilizes his truck then, if the cartridge 1 on which the lifter 84 according to the invention was initially anchored is not intended to be delivered to this marketing site, it returns by action on the remote control unit 175 the rudder 84 to a state in which the centering tabs 179 occupy their maximum mutual approximation position, as well as the hooks 105, which releases the rudder 84 of the cartridge 1.

Ensuite, en commandant de façon appropriée la grue 82, le chauffeur lève le palonnier 84 puis, après l'avoir si nécessaire réorienté convenablement autour de son axe 95, l'abaisse sur la cartouche 1a selon l'invention, emplie de bouteilles 2a pleines, qui doit être livrée sur le site de commercialisation considéré ; si plusieurs cartouches selon l'invention doivent être livrées sur ce site, la cartouche 1a est la première de ces cartouches à livrer.Then, by appropriately controlling the crane 82, the driver raises the lifter 84 then, after having if necessary appropriately reoriented about its axis 95, lowers the cartridge 1 has according to the invention, filled with bottles 2 a full, which must be delivered to the marketing site in question; if a plurality of cartridges according to the invention must be delivered to this site, the cartridge 1a is the first of those cartridges to be delivered.

De préférence, la grue 82, dans ses mouvements de levée et de descente du palonnier 84, d'éloignement ou de rapprochement de celui-ci par rapport au plateau 176 du camion 83, et de pivotement autour d'un axe vertical, non illustré, par rapport à ce plateau 176, est télécommandée depuis le boîtier 175, au même titre que le palonnier 84 dans les mouvements relatifs de ses composants, décrits en référence aux figures 16 à 18. On utilise avantageusement à ces différents effets une radiocommande qui évite les inconvénients, en particulier en termes de limitation de positionnement du chauffeur pendant la manutention des cartouches 1, qui résulteraient de la présence d'un câble de télécommande.Preferably, the crane 82, in its movements of lifting and lowering of the rudder 84, away from or approaching it with respect to the plate 176 of the truck 83, and pivoting about a vertical axis, not shown. , with respect to this plate 176, is remotely controlled from the housing 175, in the same way as the rudder 84 in the relative movements of its components, described with reference to the Figures 16 to 18 . Advantageously used to these effects a radio remote control that avoids the disadvantages, particularly in terms of limiting the positioning of the driver during the handling of the cartridges 1, which would result from the presence of a remote control cable.

Dès que le palonnier 84 repose par son châssis 86 sur le cadre 11a d'ossature supérieure rigide de cette cartouche 1a, dans les conditions décrites en référence à la figure 16, le chauffeur provoque le passage des pattes 179 à leur position d'éloignement mutuel maximal, illustrée à la figure 17, puis il provoque le passage des crochets 105 à leur position d'éloignement mutuel maximal, décrite en référence à la figure 18, ce qui ancre fermement le palonnier 84 au cadre 11a d'ossature supérieure de la cartouche 1a à livrer.When the lifter 84 rests with its chassis 86 on the frame 11 has rigid upper frame of the cartridge 1a, under the conditions described with reference to figure 16 , the driver causes the tabs 179 to move to their maximum mutual distance position, as shown in FIG. figure 17 , then it causes the passage of the hooks 105 to their maximum mutual distance position, described with reference to the figure 18 , Which firmly anchor the lifter 84 to the frame 11a of the cartridge 1 upper frame has to be delivered.

Alors, le chauffeur provoque le levage conjoint du palonnier 84 et de cette cartouche 1a au moyen de la grue 82, qu'il fait ensuite pivoter avant de descendre la cartouche 1a au sol et de l'y déposer par le bord inférieur de sa jupe.Then, the driver causes the joint lifting of the spreader 84 and the cartridge 1 with a crane 82, he then pivots before descending the cartridge 1 has the soil and deposit the bottom edge her skirt.

Ensuite, en ramenant le palonnier 84 à son état décrit en référence à la figure 16, le chauffeur libère ce palonnier 84 du cadre d'ossature supérieure 11a de la cartouche 1a, puis il provoque le levage du palonnier 84 au moyen de la grue 82 et des mouvements de celle-ci propres à amener le palonnier 84 à l'aplomb du présentoir 115, à savoir plus précisément dans une position telle que l'axe 95 passe par le centre géométrique du cadre 11b d'ossature supérieure de la cartouche 1b, qui est située en position supérieure à l'intérieur du présentoir 115 et dont on supposera qu'au moins la majorité des bouteilles est vide, si bien qu'elle doit être remplacée par une nouvelle cartouche pleine de bouteilles pleines.Then, bringing the rudder 84 back to its described state with reference to the figure 16 The driver releases the lifter 84 of the upper frame part 11a of the cartridge 1 has, then it causes the lifting of the spreader 84 by means of the crane 82 and movement thereof adapted to move the lifting beam 84 to plumb with the display 115, namely more precisely in a position such that the axis 95 passes through the geometric center of the frame 11b of upper frame of the cartridge 1b , which is located in the upper position inside the display 115 and that it will be assumed that at least the majority of the bottles are empty, so that it must be replaced by a new cartridge full of full bottles.

Le chauffeur fait alors pivoter le palonnier 84 autour de l'axe 95, par rapport à la grue 82, pour l'amener, par rapport au cadre 11b d'ossature supérieure de la cartouche 1b, dans l'orientation décrite en référence à la figure 16, avant de faire descendre le palonnier 84, au moyen de la grue 82, jusqu'à ce que le châssis 86 repose sur les traverses du cadre d'ossature supérieure 11b, dans les conditions décrites en référence à la figure 16.The driver then rotates the rudder 84 about the axis 95, relative to the crane 82, to bring it, relative to the frame 11b of upper frame of the cartridge 1b , in the orientation described with reference to the figure 16 , before lowering the rudder 84, by means of the crane 82, until the frame 86 rests on the cross members of the upper frame frame 11b , under the conditions described with reference to FIG. figure 16 .

Le chauffeur peut alors provoquer les mouvements d'éloignement mutuel des pattes 179, dans un premier temps, et des crochets 105, dans un deuxième temps, décrits en référence aux figures 17 et 18, ce qui ancre le palonnier 84 sur le cadre d'ossature supérieure 11b de la cartouche 1b.The driver can then cause the movements of mutual distance tabs 179, at first, and hooks 105, in a second step, described with reference to figures 17 and 18 , which anchors the rudder 84 on the upper frame frame 11b of the cartridge 1b .

Le plus souvent, à l'arrivée du camion 83 sur le site de commercialisation, la barrière 24b mobile, associée à l'un des grands côtés du plancher 18b de cette cartouche 1b, se trouve en position haute de libération des bouteilles 2b correspondantes, alors que les barrières 20b associées aux petits côtés de ce plancher 18b sont en règle générale en position d'enfermement périphérique de ces bouteilles. Dans ces conditions, après avoir placé l'un des vantaux 153 et 154 du présentoir 115 en position d'ouverture, et généralement avant de procéder à l'ancrage du palonnier 84 sur le cadre 11 d'ossature supérieure rigide de cette cartouche 1, à savoir au cours d'une inspection préalable de celle-ci et des bouteilles 2b qu'elle contient, le chauffeur ramène manuellement la barrière 24b en position d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles 2b qui, ainsi, sont enfermées latéralement de toute part.Most often, the arrival of the truck 83 on the marketing site, the mobile barrier 24 b associated with one of the long sides of the floor 18b of the cartridge 1b is in the upper position cylinders release 2b , whereas the barriers 20b associated with the short sides of this floor 18b are generally in the peripheral enclosing position of these bottles. Under these conditions, after placing one of the leaves 153 and 154 of the display 115 in the open position, and generally before anchoring the spreader 84 to the rigid upper frame frame 11 of the cartridge 1, namely, during a preliminary inspection thereof and the bottles 2b that it contains, the driver manually returns the barrier 24b to the position of peripheral confinement of the bottles 2b which, thus, are enclosed laterally by any go.

Le chauffeur peut alors, en toute sécurité, provoquer le levage conjoint du palonnier 84 et de la cartouche 1b, au moyen de la grue 82 comme le montre la figure 14, jusqu'à extraire totalement la cartouche 1b du présentoir 115, puis soit ramener cette cartouche 1b sur le plateau 176 du camion 83, à la place de la cartouche 1a prélevée auparavant sur ce plateau 176, soit déposer la cartouche 1b au sol, par le bord inférieur de sa jupe, à côté de la cartouche 1a, comme on l'a illustré à la figure 15.The driver can then safely raise the lifter 84 and the cartridge 1b together by means of the crane 82 as shown in FIG. figure 14 until the cartridge 1b is completely removed from the display 115, and then this cartridge 1b is brought back to the tray 176 of the truck 83, instead of the cartridge 1 previously taken from this plate 176, or the cartridge 1b is deposited. ground by the lower edge of its skirt, adjacent to the cartridge 1 has, as has been shown in figure 15 .

Les opérations que l'on vient de décrire peuvent être répétées s'il s'agit de changer également, ou à la place de la cartouche 1b, la cartouche 1c située en position inférieure à l'intérieur du présentoir 115, pour lui substituer soit la cartouche 1a, soit une autre cartouche 1d, pleine de bouteilles 2d pleines, que l'on décharge au préalable du plateau 176 du camion 83, dans les mêmes conditions que la cartouche 1a, pour la poser au sol.The operations just described can be repeated if it is also necessary to change, or instead of the cartridge 1b , the cartridge 1c located in the lower position inside the display 115, for substitute either the cartridge 1 has either another cartridge 1d, 2 full bottles full of, being unloaded first plateau 176 of truck 83, in the same conditions as the cartridge 1 has, for the ask ground.

Une fois que la cartouche 1a ou chacune des cartouches 1a et 1d à substituer à une cartouche 1b ou 1c ou aux deux cartouches 1b et 1c initialement présentes à l'intérieur du présentoir 115 a été déchargée du plateau 176 du camion, on peut la remplacer, sur ce plateau 176, par la ou l'une des cartouches 1b, 1c, pleines de bouteilles 2b, 2c dont au moins la majorité est vide, pour la ou les ramener ensuite au site centralisé de remplissage ou de stockage.Once the cartridge 1a or each of the cartridges 1a and 1d to replace a cartridge 1 b or 1 c or both cartridges 1b and 1c initially present within the display 115 has been discharged from the tray 176 of the truck, it can be replaced, on this plate 176, by the or one of the cartridges 1b , 1c , full of bottles 2b , 2c , at least the majority of which is empty, for the or return thereafter to centralized filling or storage site.

La façon de prendre en charge ou de libérer la ou les cartouches 1b, 1c pour les amener du sol au plateau 176 du camion peut être aisément déduite, par un Homme du métier, de ce qui vient d'être décrit.The manner of taking over or releasing the cartridge or cartridges 1b , 1c to bring them from the ground to the tray 176 of the truck can be easily deduced by a person skilled in the art from what has just been described.

Alors, d'une façon similaire à celle qui vient d'être décrite, le chauffeur provoque la prise en charge, par le palonnier 84, de la cartouche 1a, pleine de bouteilles 2a pleines, ou de l'une des cartouches 1a, 1d, pleines de bouteilles 2a, 2d pleines, à savoir par exemple la cartouche 1a, pour l'amener du sol jusqu'à l'intérieur du présentoir 115.Then, in a similar manner to that just described, the driver causes supported by the lifter 84, the cartridge 1 has full bottles 2 a solid, or one of the cartridges 1 a , 1 d , full of bottles 2 a , 2 d full, namely for example the cartridge 1 has , to bring it from the ground up inside the display 115.

A cet effet, après avoir ancré le palonnier 84 sur le cadre 11a d'ossature supérieure rigide de là cartouche 1a, le chauffeur provoque un levage, au moyen de la grue 82, de l'ensemble alors constitué par le palonnier 84 et la cartouche 1a, pour l'amener à l'aplomb du présentoir 115 avant, si nécessaire, de l'orienter autour de l'axe 95 par rapport à la grue 82, pour que la cartouche 1a occupe l'orientation qu'elle doit présenter à l'intérieur du présentoir 115, c'est-à-dire une orientation dans laquelle sa barrière latérale mobile 24a correspondant à un grand côté de son plancher 18a correspond à la façade avant 135 du présentoir 115.For this purpose, after having anchored the lifter 84 of the frame 11 has rigid upper frame of the cartridge 1a, the driver causes a lifting means of the crane 82, of the assembly then consists of the lifter 84 and the cartridge 1 has , to bring it in line with the display 115 before, if necessary, to orient it about the axis 95 relative to the crane 82, so that the cartridge 1 has the orientation that it must have inside the display 115, that is to say, an orientation in which its movable side barrier 24 is corresponding to a long side of the floor 18 a corresponds to the front panel 135 of the display 115.

Le chauffeur commande alors la grue 82 de telle sorte que la cartouche 1a vienne se plaquer par la partie de sa jupe correspondant à l'autre grand côté du plancher 18a contre les faces d'appui 169 des deux plaques 164, vers l'arrière du présentoir 115, et que les parties de cette jupe qui correspondent aux petits côtés du plancher 18a viennent se placer entre les faces 173 ou les faces 170 des fers plats 171.The driver then controls the crane 82 so that the cartridge 1 has come to be pressed by the portion of the skirt corresponding to the other long side of the floor 18a against the support faces 169 of the two plates 164, to the rear of the display 115, and the parts of this skirt which correspond to the short sides of the floor 18 has come to be placed between the faces 173 or the faces 170 of the flat bars 171.

Le chauffeur est alors certain qu'en faisant descendre verticalement la cartouche 1a à l'intérieur du présentoir 115, il évitera au maximum les risques de coincement, et que la cartouche 1a, parvenant à la place de la cartouche 1c, en étant guidée par les faces, formant glissière 172, des fers plats 171, viendra s'emboîter par la jupe 51 sur les taquets 124 et reposer en position centrée sur les longerons 120 et les traverses 123 du présentoir 115.The driver is then certain that by lowering the cartridge 1 has vertically inside the display 115, it will avoid to the maximum the risk of jamming, and the cartridge 1a, reaching instead of the cartridge 1 c, being Guided by the faces, forming a slide 172, flat irons 171, will fit through the skirt 51 on the tabs 124 and rest in a centered position on the longitudinal members 120 and cross 123 of the display 115.

Après avoir libéré le palonnier 84 du cadre 11a d'ossature supérieure de la cartouche 1a, le chauffeur peut alors provoquer le relevage du palonnier 84 pour le sortir du présentoir 115 et venir éventuellement prendre en charge et introduire dans ce présentoir 115, dans les mêmes conditions, l'autre cartouche 1d.After releasing the lifter 84 of the frame 11 has upper frame of the cartridge 1a, the driver can then cause the raising of the lifter 84 for the exit of the display 115 and possibly come to support and introduce in this display 115, in the same conditions, the other cartridge 1 d .

Naturellement, toutes les variantes sont possibles en fonction du nombre et de la position des cartouches que l'on souhaite remplacer à l'intérieur du présentoir 115, et un Homme du métier apportera les modifications nécessaires, à ce qui vient d'être décrit, sans sortir pour autant du cadre de la présente invention.Of course, all variants are possible depending on the number and position of the cartridges that are to be replaced inside the display 115, and a person skilled in the art will make the necessary modifications to what has just been described, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

La ou chaque cartouche 1a, 1d ainsi introduite dans le présentoir 115 est accessible après ouverture de l'un des vantaux 153, 154 de celui-ci, ce qui permet de placer sa barrière telle que 24a, associée à un grand côté de son plancher tel que 18a, en position de libération des bouteilles 2a, 2d correspondantes, opération qui s'effectue manuellement.The or each cartridge 1a, 1d and inserted into the display 115 is accessible after opening one of the doors 153, 154 thereof, which enables to place the barrier such as 24 a, associated with a long side its floor as 18a, bottles release position 2 a, 2 corresponding d, operation which is carried out manually.

Le rechargement complet d'un présentoir 115 en bouteilles pleines peut ainsi être effectué en quelques opérations de grutage.The complete reloading of a display 115 in full bottles can thus be performed in a few crane operations.

De préférence, on laisse le palonnier 84 ancré sur le cadre d'ossature supérieure rigide de l'une des cartouches selon l'invention 1 portées par le plateau 176 du camion 83 pour la suite de la tournée de celui-ci, qu'il reprend après retrait de la stabilisation.Preferably, the rudder 84 is left anchored on the rigid upper frame frame of one of the cartridges according to the invention 1 carried by the tray 176 of the truck 83 for the rest of the tour thereof, which it resumes after removal of stabilization.

A la fin de sa tournée, le camion ramène au site centralisé de remplissage ou de stockage les cartouches selon l'invention 1, pleines de bouteilles 2 qui sont au moins pour la plupart vides, et on en décharge ces cartouches selon l'invention 1, ainsi que les casiers selon l'invention 54 éventuels, pour les vider de leurs bouteilles et remplacer ces dernières par des bouteilles pleines dans les conditions déjà décrites.At the end of its tour, the truck brings back to the centralized filling or storage site the cartridges according to the invention 1, full of bottles 2 which are at least mostly empty, and these cartridges are unloaded according to the invention 1 , as well as the bins according to the invention 54, to empty them of their bottles and replace them with full bottles under the conditions already described.

Les cartouches 1a, 1d, emplies de bouteilles pleines 2a, 2d, que l'on a mises en place dans le présentoir 115 restent protégées à l'encontre de tout prélèvement intempestif de bouteilles tant que les vantaux 153 et 154 sont verrouillés en position de fermeture.The cartridges 1 a , 1 d , filled with full bottles 2 a , 2 d , which have been put in place in the display stand 115, remain protected against any untimely withdrawal of bottles as long as the leaves 153 and 154 are locked in the closed position.

Lorsqu'un client désire rendre une bouteille 2 vide pour la remplacer par une bouteille 2 pleine, on ouvre le vantail 153, 154 approprié de façon à dégager l'une des bouteilles 2 pleines qui, si elle correspond à la cartouche placée en position inférieure, à savoir dans l'exemple décrit la cartouche 1a, peut être aisément extraite dans la mesure où la face supérieure 147 du rebord 148 du présentoir 115 prolonge son plancher 18a vers l'extérieur, de niveau ou pratiquement de niveau, comme on l'a illustré à la figure 12. A cet égard, les tubes 149, 151 facilitent le passage de la bouteille 2a du plancher 18a à la face supérieure 147 du rebord 148, en protégeant les bords supérieurs libres 164, 165 des ailes de la glissière 150. La bouteille 2a peut ainsi être sortie suffisamment de la cartouche 1a et du présentoir 115 pour que le client, ou un vendeur, puisse la prendre dans de bonnes conditions par la poignée non représentée équipant son manchon supérieur 4a.When a customer wishes to return an empty bottle 2 to replace it with a full bottle 2, the leaf 153, 154 is opened so as to disengage one of the bottles 2 full which, if it corresponds to the cartridge placed in the lower position , i.e. in the described example the cartridge 1 can be easily derived to the extent that the upper face 147 of the flange 148 of the display 115 extends its floor 18 has outwardly level or substantially level, as illustrated it at the figure 12 . In this regard, the tubes 149, 151 facilitate the passage of the bottle 2 has a floor 18 to the upper face 147 of the flange 148, protecting the free upper edges 164, 165 of the wings of the slider 150. The cylinder 2a can thus be sufficiently out of the cartridge 1 a and the display 115 so that the customer, or a seller, can take it in good conditions by the handle not shown equipping its upper sleeve 4 a .

De même, lorsqu'on substitue à la bouteille 2a une bouteille identique mais vide, la face supérieure 147 du rebord 148 permet de poser cette bouteille, debout, par son fond, avant de lâcher sa poignée et de faire glisser cette bouteille, particulièrement simplement, vers l'intérieur du présentoir 115 et de la cartouche 1a.Similarly, when the bottle 2 is substituted for an identical but empty bottle, the upper face 147 of the rim 148 allows the bottle to be placed upright by its bottom, before releasing its handle and sliding this bottle, particularly simply, towards the inside of the display 115 and the cartridge 1 a .

Ainsi, même les bouteilles correspondant à la cartouche 1a placée en position inférieure sont facilement accessibles.Thus, even the bottles corresponding to the cartridge 1 has lowermost are easily accessible.

Un tel problème ne se pose pas pour les bouteilles correspondant à la cartouche supérieure, à savoir la cartouche 1d dans l'exemple illustré, puisque le client ou le vendeur se trouve dans une position plus ergonomique pour prendre ou déposer une bouteille au niveau correspondant.Such a problem does not arise for the bottles corresponding to the upper cartridge, ie the cartridge 1 d in the illustrated example, since the customer or the seller is in a more ergonomic position to take or deposit a bottle at the corresponding level. .

Une fois la substitution opérée, les vantaux 153, 154 peuvent être refermés et verrouillés au moyen de la serrure 161.Once the substitution is made, the leaves 153, 154 can be closed and locked by means of the lock 161.

Il est bien entendu que l'accès aux bouteilles de chaque rangée la plus proche de la façade arrière 133 du présentoir 115 oblige l'extraction préalable puis la remise en place d'une bouteille correspondante de la rangée respectivement située plus près de la façade avant 135, mais une telle opération est beaucoup moins pénible que l'opération consistant à aller chercher manuellement les bouteilles à l'intérieur d'un casier standardisé de l'Art antérieur, ou encore d'un casier 54 selon l'invention, depuis l'un des petits côtés de son plancher 59, après ouverture de la barrière 67 correspondante.It is understood that the access to the bottles of each row closest to the rear facade 133 of the display 115 requires the prior extraction and then the replacement of a corresponding bottle of the row respectively located closer to the front facade 135, but such an operation is much less painful than the operation of manually fetching the bottles inside a standardized rack of the prior art, or a rack 54 according to the invention, since the one of the short sides of its floor 59, after opening the corresponding barrier 67.

Naturellement, certains sites de commercialisation peuvent être démunis du présentoir 115, par exemple si les ventes de gaz de pétrole liquéfié y sont faibles, ou encore s'ils bénéficient d'une enceinte fermée ou surveillée permettant de se dispenser d'un tel présentoir 115.Of course, some marketing sites may not have the display 115, for example if sales of liquefied petroleum gas are low, or if they have an enclosure closed or guarded to dispense with such a display 115.

Sur de tels sites, on laisse la barrière 24 verrouillée dans sa position d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles, au moyen d'une serrure appropriée, comme on l'a précédemment décrit, et l'on procède de même en ce qui concerne les barrières 20 lorsque celles-ci sont également mobiles.On such sites, the locked barrier 24 is left in its position of peripheral confinement of the bottles, by means of a suitable lock, as has been previously described, and the same procedure is applied as regards the barriers. 20 when they are also mobile.

Alors, lorsqu'il s'agit de substituer une bouteille 2 vide, rendue par un client, à une bouteille 2 pleine, achetée par celui-ci, on déverrouille la barrière 24 associée à l'un des grands côtés du plancher 18, pour l'amener dans sa position de libération des bouteilles, on procède à la substitution voulue et on la ramène dans sa position d'enfermement périphérique des bouteilles, dans laquelle on la verrouille à nouveau.So, when it is a question of substituting an empty bottle, returned by a customer, to a full bottle 2 bought by it, the barrier 24 associated with one of the long sides of the floor 18 is unlocked, for bring it into its bottle release position, the desired substitution is made and is returned to its position of peripheral confinement of the bottles, in which it is locked again.

Ainsi, même dans ces conditions, une cartouche 1 selon l'invention offre toute sécurité à l'encontre des vols de bouteilles 2, et ses conditions d'utilisation sont presqu'aussi confortables que lorsqu'elle est associée à un présentoir 115 selon l'invention.Thus, even under these conditions, a cartridge 1 according to the invention offers complete safety against stolen bottles 2, and its conditions of use are almost as comfortable as when it is associated with a display 115 according to the invention. 'invention.

Naturellement, les modes de réalisation d'une cartouche 1 selon l'invention, d'un casier 54 selon l'invention, d'un palonnier 84 selon l'invention et d'un présentoir 115 selon l'invention qui ont été décrits constituent certes des modes de réalisation actuellement préférés, formant un ensemble cohérent qui a donné toute satisfaction aux essais, mais il est bien entendu que l'on ne sortirait pas du cadre de la présente invention en leur apportant toute modification, conforme aux revendications, en particulier de réalisation pratique, permettant de conserver cette cohérence, dans le cadre d'un procédé lui-même caractéristique de distribution de bouteilles de gaz de pétrole liquéfié.Naturally, the embodiments of a cartridge 1 according to the invention, a rack 54 according to the invention, a lifter 84 according to the invention and a display 115 according to the invention which have been described constitute Although presently preferred embodiments form a coherent whole which has given complete satisfaction to the tests, it is clearly understood that it would not be departing from the scope of the present invention to make any modifications to them, in accordance with the claims, in particular practical embodiment, to maintain this consistency, in the context of a process itself characteristic of LPG bottles distribution.

Claims (41)

  1. Liquid petroleum gas cylinder (2) distribution method, comprising a succession of steps during which, respectively:
    a) on a centralised site, a same first defined number of mutually identical, full, upright cylinders (2) in mutually identical canisters (1), wherein each has the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped comprising a rectangular floor (18), whereon the cylinders (2) are supported via the bottom (3) thereof, are arranged in a same second defined number of mutually juxtaposed rows, of a same third defined number of mutually juxtaposed cylinders (2), the number of rows being less than the number of cylinders (2) per row, and four side barriers (19, 20, 24) bordering the floor (18) with a respective side thereof and peripherally enclosing the cylinders (2),
    b) a group of at least one canister (1) containing said first defined number of full cylinders (2) is transported from the centralised site to a respective individual sale site of the cylinders (2), by resting it on the floor (179) of a vehicle (83),
    c) on the sale site, the full cylinders (2) are unloaded, by unloading from the floor (176) of the vehicle (83) at least one example of a first canister (1), containing said first defined number of full cylinders (2), by suspending said example of first canister (1), individually, with a lifting machine (82), and by then moving a first side barrier (24) of the first canister (1), oriented parallel with said rows, from a peripheral enclosure position of the cylinders (2) to a release position of the cylinders (2),
    characterised in that, on the sale site, a permanent, open-top, peripherally closed hollow display stand (115) is provided, having internal complementary horizontal projection shapes and dimensions with those of said floor (18) and comprising an access door (139) on one side corresponding to that of said first barrier (24), and in that, during step c, the or, successively, each example of the first canister (1), is engaged, downwards, in the display stand (115) by orienting the first canister (1) such that the first barrier (24) is positioned opposite the access door (139) of the display stand (115), and the cylinders (2) are released from said first side barrier (24).
  2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that step a is implemented by arranging the full upright cylinders (2), in two rows parallel with said first barrier (24).
  3. Method according to claim 2, characterised in that each row comprises seven cylinders (2).
  4. Method according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that step c is implemented by successively unloading from the floor (176) of the vehicle (83) several examples from said first canister (1), and by stacking them on the sale site.
  5. Method according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that, during step c, the or successively each example of a second canister (1), unloaded on the sale site during a previous implementation of the method and containing said first defined number of mutually identical cylinders (2) wherein at least some are empty, is cleared beforehand from the display stand (115), upwards, by suspending said example of second canister (11), individually, with a lifting machine (82), after moving the first barrier (24) corresponding to the release position of the cylinders (2) to the peripheral enclosure position of the cylinders (2).
  6. Method according to claim 5, characterised in that, during step c, the or each example of the second canister (1) is loaded onto the floor (176) of the vehicle (83) after positioning the first corresponding barrier (24) in the peripheral enclosure position of the cylinders (2).
  7. Method according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that step a is implemented by leaving the first barrier (24) in the peripheral enclosure position of the cylinders (2) but by positioning a second barrier (20), corresponding to a side of the floor (18) perpendicular to that whereto the first barrier (24) corresponds, in a release position of the cylinders (2), by pushing said second number of rows, of said third number of upright full cylinders (2), parallel with the first barrier (24) to enter them into the canister (1) via the side of the floor (18) thereof corresponding to the second barrier (20), and by then repositioning the second barrier (20) in the enclosure position of the cylinders (2).
  8. Method according to claim 7, characterised in that, during step a, after positioning the second barrier (20) in the release position of the cylinders (2), said second number of rows of said third number of upright cylinders (2), wherein at least some are empty, are pushed beforehand parallel with the first barrier (20), to move them out of the canister (1) via the side of the floor (18) thereof corresponding to the second barrier (20).
  9. Method according to claim 8, characterised in that, during step a, a third barrier (19), corresponding to a side of the floor (18) opposite that whereto the second barrier (20) corresponds is positioned in a release position of the cylinders (2), and step a is implemented by pushing said second number of rows, of said third number of upright cylinders (2), wherein at least some are empty, parallel with the first barrier (24), to move them out of the canister (1) via the side of the floor thereof corresponding to the third barrier (19), and then repositioning the third barrier (19) in the enclosure position of the cylinders (2).
  10. Display stand for the implementation of the method according to any of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that it comprises an open-top, peripherally closed, parallelipipedic containment having internal complementary horizontal projection shapes and dimensions with those of the floor (18) of a canister (1) and a height at least equal to that of such a canister (1), to house such a canister (1) inside, and in that said containment comprises, on a front face (135) corresponding to a long side of the rectangle, an access door (139) to the inside, extending, on one hand, in the longitudinal direction, from a lower edge (146) located at a first level at most equal to the level of the floor (18) of the canister (1) housed inside the display stand (115) to an upper edge (143) located at a second level at least equal to a third level corresponding to the level of the floor (18) of the canister (1) increased by the height of a cylinder (2), and, on the other, in the horizontal direction, over a width at least equal to the product of the overall dimensions, in horizontal projection, of a cylinder (2) by the number of cylinders (2) per row, so as to give access to all the cylinders (2) of a row of the canister (1).
  11. Display stand according to claim 10, characterised in that the lower edge (146) of the door is rectilinear, positioned on the level of the floor (18) of the canister (1), and in that it bears attached thereto, projecting on the front face, a plane rim (148) extending all along said lower edge (146) and also positioned on a level with the floor (18) of the canister (1).
  12. Display stand according to any of claims 10 and 11, characterised in that it has, internally, a height at least equal to the height of a stack of canisters (1) comprising, in addition to said canister (1), at least one other canister (1) stacked thereon, and in that the upper edge (143) of the access door (139) is located on a second level at least equal to said third level increased by the height of said other canister (1).
  13. Display standard according to any of claims 10 to 12, characterised in that it comprises externally, along the front face (135), two mutually identical leaves (153, 154), wherein each has a height at least equal to the height of the door (139), measured between the lower edge (146) thereof and the upper edge (143) thereof, and a width at least equal to half the width of the door (139) and which cover a respective half of the door (139) in a respective closed position thereof, and in that each leaf (153, 154) is guided in horizontal sliding, along the front face (135), over a travel at least equal to the width thereof, from the closed position thereof, to release the corresponding half by being positioned, in a respective open position, opposite the half of the door (139) corresponding to the other leaf (153, 154) occupying the closed position thereof, the display stand (115) preferentially comprising a removable lock (161) of the leaves (153, 154) in the closed position thereof.
  14. Display stand according to claim 13, characterised in that, in the case of an odd number of cylinders (2) per row, said travel is at least equal to the width of the leaf (153, 154), increased by half the overall dimensions of a cylinder (2) in horizontal projection.
  15. Display standard according to any of claims 10 to 14, characterised in that it comprises vertical canister sliding guiding means (167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173).
  16. Display stand according to claim 15, characterised in that the guiding means (167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173) comprise means (167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173) forming a hopper in one upper end zone of the display stand (115).
  17. Display stand according to claim 16, characterised in that the means (167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173) forming a hopper comprise:
    - a support wall (168) which extends upwards from a rear face (133) of the display stand (115), parallel with the front face (135) thereof, at least in the vicinity of each connection block of said rear face (133) to a respective flank (131) of the display stand (115), perpendicular to the front and rear faces (135, 113) thereof, and has at the front face (135) a plane face (196), coplanar with a plane face (137) in the rear face (133) towards the inside of the display stand (115), and
    - two guiding walls (171) wherein each extend upwards from one, respectively, of the flanks (131) of the display stand (115), at least in the vicinity of one, respectively, of said blocks, and has at the other flank (131), a plane face (170, 173), connected at the bottom to a plane face (172) that the corresponding flank (131) has at the inside of the display stand (115) but inclined such that the plane faces (170, 173) of the guiding walls (171) diverge mutually upwards.
  18. Display stand according to claim 17, characterised in that each flank (131) has attached thereto, projecting towards the inside of the display stand (115), in the vicinity of one, respectively, of said connection blocks, a vertical slide rail defining said plane face (172) of the flank (131), raised with respect thereto towards the inside of the display stand (115).
  19. Canister intended to engage with a display stand according to any of claims 10 to 18 for the implementation of the method according to any of claims 1 to 9, having the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped comprising a rectangular floor (18), of horizontal dimensions corresponding to said first defined number of mutually identical upright cylinders (2), distributed in said second defined number of mutually juxtaposed rows, of said third defined number of mutually juxtaposed cylinders (2), the horizontal projection dimensions of the floor corresponding to a number of rows less than the number of cylinders (2) per row, and four side barriers (19, 20, 24) bordering the floor (18) with a respective side thereof, and wherein a first (24) is oriented parallel with said rows and may be positioned as desired in a peripheral enclosure position of the cylinders (2) or in a release position of the cylinders (2),
    characterised in that a second barrier (20) corresponding to a side of the floor (18) perpendicular to that whereto the first barrier (24) corresponds, may be positioned as desired in a peripheral enclosure position of the cylinders (2) or in a release position of the cylinders (2).
  20. Canister according to claim 19, characterised in that the horizontal projection dimensions of the floor (18) correspond to two rows parallel with said first barrier (24).
  21. Canister according to claim 20, characterised in that the horizontal projection dimensions of the floor (18) correspond to seven cylinders (2) per row.
  22. Canister according to any of claims 19 to 21, characterised in that it comprises means (11, 46, 56) for stacking with other identical canisters (1).
  23. Canister according to claim 22, characterised in that the means 11, 46, 56) for stacking with other identical canisters (1) comprise a rectangular rigid upper structure (1), having a shape in horizontal projection substantially identical to that of the floor (18), rigid connection means (15) between the upper structure (11) and the floor (18), a centring tappet (46) forming an upward projection respectively at each corner of the upper structure (11), and a recess (skirt 51) at each corner of the floor (18), below same, each recess (51) being suitable for receiving a respective tappet (46) of another canister (1).
  24. Canister according to claim 23, characterised in that the floor (18) bears attached thereto a peripheral skirt (51), projecting downwards, having a free lower edge (52), located in a plane parallel with the floor (18) and defining said recess at each corner of the floor (18).
  25. Canister according to claim 24, characterised in that the free lower edge (52) of the skirt (51) has, along at least one direction parallel with the floor (18) and perpendicular to the side thereof corresponding to the first barrier (24), in a symmetric relationship with respect to a mean plane (49) of symmetry of the side of the floor (18) corresponding to the first barrier (24), a notch (53) on the side opposite the side corresponding to the first barrier (24) and a continuity of the side corresponding to the first barrier (24).
  26. Canister according to any of claims 19 to 25, characterised in that the suspension means (11) comprise a rectangular upper rigid structure frame (11) of a shape in horizontal projection substantially identical to that of the floor (18), rigid connection means (15) between said frame (11) and the floor (18) and, inside said frame (11), two rigid ties (14) connected rigidly to said frame (11) and suitable for the temporary rigid anchoring of a lifting beam (84).
  27. Canister according to any of claims 19 to 26, characterised in that a third barrier (20), corresponding to a side of the floor (18) opposite that whereto the second barrier (20) corresponds, may be positioned as desired in a peripheral enclosure position of the cylinders (2) or in a release position of the cylinders (2).
  28. Canister according to any of claims 19 to 27, characterised in that the first barrier (24) consists of a bar (24) extending parallel with the floor (18) along the entire corresponding side thereof and guided in sliding, along a perpendicular direction to the floor (18) by two end zones (end fittings 26), in two uprights (16) of a rigid lateral structure frame (15), rigidly connected to the floor (18), and in that removable means (34, 38) for locking the bar (24) at a mean level of said uprights (16), corresponding to the peripheral enclosure position of the cylinder (2), and at an upper level of said uprights (16), corresponding to the release position of the cylinders (2) are provided.
  29. Canister according to claim 28, characterised in that the lateral structure frame (15) comprises at least one intermediate upright (17) between said uprights (16) and in that the removable means (34, 38) for locking the bar (24) are supported by said intermediate upright (17) of at least one in number.
  30. Canister according to claim 29, characterised in that the removable means (34) for locking the bar (24) in the peripheral enclosure position of the cylinders (2) comprise, on said intermediate upright (17) of at least one in number, towards the inside of the canister (1), an intermediate level tappet (34) between the lower and upper ends of said intermediate upright (17) of at least one in number, said tappet (34) being suitable for forming an upper stop for the bar (24), and in that the bar (24) is resiliently flexible, parallel with the floor (18), towards the inside of the canister (1), from a rectilinear conformation occupied in the idle state and wherein it is engaged under the intermediate level tappet (34) and a curved conformation wherein it is released from the intermediate level tappet (34) upwards, the respective dimensions of the intermediate level tappet (34) and the bar (24) being selected such that the row of bottles (2) along the first barrier (24) does not form an obstacle to the change of the bar from the rectilinear conformation to the curved conformation.
  31. Canister according to any one of claims 29 or 30, characterised in that removable means (38) for locking the bar (24) in the release position of the cylinders (2) comprise, said intermediate upright (17) of at least one in number, towards the inside of the canister (1), an upper end tappet (38) suitable for forming a lower stop for the bar (24), and in that the bar (24) is resiliently flexible, parallel with the floor (18), towards the inside of the canister (1), from a rectilinear conformation occupied in the idle state and wherein it is engaged above the upper end tappet (38) and a curved conformation wherein it is released from same downwards, the respective dimensions of the upper end tappet (38) and the bar (24) being selected such that the row of bottles (2) along the first barrier (24) does not form an obstacle to the change of the bar from the rectilinear conformation to the curved conformation.
  32. Canister according to any of claims 28 to 31, characterised in that the removable means (34) for locking the bar (24) in the peripheral enclosure position of the cylinders comprise a lock.
  33. Canister according to claim 33 as dependent on any of claims 19 or 27, characterised in that it comprises a removable lock of the second or third barrier (20), respectively, in the peripheral enclosure position thereof of the cylinders (2).
  34. Canister according to any one of claims 19 to 34, characterised in that the floor (18) comprises a rigid lower structure frame (8) covered in a manner attached thereto, at the top, with a sheet selected from the group comprising sold sheets and perforated sheets.
  35. Canister according any of claims 19 to 34, characterised in that it comprises means for suspension with a lifting machine.
  36. Liquid petroleum gas cylinder (2) storage and transport case, having the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped comprising a rectangular floor (59), having horizontal projection dimensions corresponding to a fourth defined number of mutually identical upright cylinders (2), distributed in a fifth defined number of mutually juxtaposed rows, of a second defined number of mutually juxtaposed cylinders (2), a rectangular rigid upper structure (65), having a shape in horizontal projection substantially identical to that of the floor (59), rigid connection means (61) between the upper frame (65) and the floor (59), means (69, 75) for stacking with other identical cases, and four side barriers (66, 67) bordering the floor (59) by a respective side thereof, and, with a view to stacking with two canisters (1) according to any of claims 19 to 35), positioned side by side, the sixth number is selected, as a function of the third number, such that the rows of the case (54) and the canister (1) have an approximately identical overall length and the fifth number is selected, as a function of the second number, such that the rows of the case (54) have a greater cumulative overall length, but also as close as possible to double the cumulative overall width of the rows of a canister (1), and the stacking means (69, 75) are compatible with superposition of the two canisters (1) and the case (54) in a relative orientation wherein the respective rows have the same orientation, characterised in that, with a view to stacking on two canisters (1) according to any of claims 23 to 25, the floor (59) bears attached thereto a peripheral skirt (69), projecting downwards, having a free lower edge (70), located in a plane parallel with the floor (59) of the case (54) and defining at each corner of the floor (59) of the case (54) and in an intermediate zone of the sides of said floor (59) perpendicular to the rows of the case (54), below the floor thereof, a recess suitable for receiving the tappets (46) of said two canisters (1).
  37. Case according to claim 36, characterised in that a first (67) of the barriers (66, 67) of the case (54) oriented perpendicularly with the rows thereof, may be positioned as desired in a peripheral enclosure position of the cylinders (2) or in a release position of the cylinders (2).
  38. Case according to any one of claims 36 or 37, characterised in that, with a view to stacking two canisters (1) according to claim 25, thereon, it comprises a rectangular upper rigid structure frame (65) of a shape in horizontal projection substantially identical to that of the floor (59) of the case (54), rigid connection means (61) between said frame (65) and the floor (59) of the case (54) and, inside said frame (65), along an orientation parallel with the floor (59) of the case (54) and perpendicular with the rows thereof, at least one rigid rail (73) connected rigidly to the frame (65), forming a continuous raised rib (75) above same, inside which, and occupying along a direction (7) parallel with the floor (59) of the case (54) and with the rows thereof, in the same symmetric relationship with respect to a mean plane (71) of symmetry of the upper structure frame (65), perpendicular to the floor (59) of the case and perpendicular to the rows thereof, that the notch (53), of at least one in number, of the skirt (51) of the floor (18) of the canister (1), such that the or each rib (75) is engaged in a respective notch (53) of the skirt (51) of the floor (18) of each canister (1) and that said skirt (51) rests flat on the frame (65) of the case, on the side of the floor (18) of the canister (1) corresponding to the first barrier (24) of the corresponding canister (1) and the two sides of the floor (18) of the canister perpendicular to the side of said floor (18) corresponding to the first barrier (24).
  39. Case according to claim 38, characterised in that it comprises along the or each rail (73), in a central zone thereof, a cavity (78) for inserting the skirt (51) of the floor (18) of each canister (1) at least on one side of said notch (53) of at least one in number.
  40. Case according to any of claims 36 to 39, characterised in that it comprises a rectangular rigid upper structure frame (65) having a shape in horizontal projection substantially identical to the that of the floor (59) of the case (54), rigid connection means (61) between said frame (65) and the floor (59) of the case (54) and, inside said frame (65), two rigid ties (81), connected rigidly to said frame (65) and occupying, with respect to each other and with respect to the perpendicularity of the centre of gravity of the case (54), an identical relative position to that of the ties (14) of the upper structure frame (11) of a canister according to claim 26, with respect to each other and with respect to the perpendicularity of the centre of gravity of the canister (1).
  41. Case according to claim 41 as dependent on any of claims 38 or 39, characterised in that it comprises two of said rails (73), mutually symmetric with respect to the centre of said frame (65) and in that the two ties (81) are arranged between said rails (73), are oriented perpendicularly to same and connect same mutually rigidly.
EP05076771A 2004-07-29 2005-07-29 Method and apparatus for handling and distributing liquefied gas bottles Not-in-force EP1621808B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL05076771T PL1621808T3 (en) 2004-07-29 2005-07-29 Method and apparatus for handling and distributing liquefied gas bottles

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0408382A FR2873666B1 (en) 2004-07-29 2004-07-29 METHOD AND DEVICES FOR HANDLING AND DISTRIBUTING BOTTLES OF LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1621808A2 EP1621808A2 (en) 2006-02-01
EP1621808A3 EP1621808A3 (en) 2006-06-07
EP1621808B1 true EP1621808B1 (en) 2009-05-06

Family

ID=34949590

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05076771A Not-in-force EP1621808B1 (en) 2004-07-29 2005-07-29 Method and apparatus for handling and distributing liquefied gas bottles

Country Status (5)

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EP (1) EP1621808B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE430896T1 (en)
DE (1) DE602005014309D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2873666B1 (en)
PL (1) PL1621808T3 (en)

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DE202017004894U1 (en) 2017-09-20 2017-10-19 BBA Müller GmbH Gas cylinder bundles for filling and removing gas

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EP2682667A3 (en) * 2012-07-04 2018-03-21 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude A pressurized gas cylinders pallet
FR3020442B1 (en) * 2014-04-24 2017-02-17 Air Liquide DEVICE FOR SUPPLYING GAS
FR3032547B1 (en) * 2015-02-10 2017-03-10 Butagaz SEMI-AUTOMATIC DISPLAY OF GAS BOTTLES AND ASSOCIATED METHOD
DE202019103075U1 (en) * 2019-05-31 2020-09-01 Andreas Berger Storage device for gas bottles
CN110405711B (en) * 2019-06-27 2022-06-10 嘉兴运达智能设备有限公司 Flexible generation complete process base for rail transit industry
RU2769253C2 (en) * 2020-07-07 2022-03-29 Леонид Фёдорович Мечкало Mobile gas filling station

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ES147128Y (en) * 1969-03-31 1970-04-16 Mundus, Estructuras Metalicas, S. A. SEMIAUTOMATIC CLOSURE FOR TRANSPORT CAGES.
FR2541102B1 (en) * 1983-02-23 1989-05-12 Utilisation Ration Gaz DISPLAY RACK, ESPECIALLY FOR LIQUEFIED OIL GAS BOTTLES
FR2577202B1 (en) * 1985-02-08 1987-12-04 Totalgaz Cie Fse LOCKER FOR PACKAGING A LOT OF OBJECTS, ESPECIALLY HEAVY AND LARGE OBJECTS SUCH AS LIQUEFIED GAS BOTTLES
US4642007A (en) * 1985-03-29 1987-02-10 Mg Industries Palletized cylinder distribution system
FR2701369B1 (en) * 1993-02-15 1995-04-14 Seri Set for the storage and / or controlled supply of objects placed in a display.
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US6685404B2 (en) * 2002-03-22 2004-02-03 Aga Gas, Inc. Method, system, and device for transporting gas cylinders

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202017004894U1 (en) 2017-09-20 2017-10-19 BBA Müller GmbH Gas cylinder bundles for filling and removing gas

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1621808A3 (en) 2006-06-07
DE602005014309D1 (en) 2009-06-18
PL1621808T3 (en) 2009-12-31
ATE430896T1 (en) 2009-05-15
FR2873666A1 (en) 2006-02-03
FR2873666B1 (en) 2008-07-18
EP1621808A2 (en) 2006-02-01

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