EP1516961A1 - Verfahren zur Ermittlung einer Bodensteifigkeit und Bodenverdichtungsvorrichtung - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Ermittlung einer Bodensteifigkeit und Bodenverdichtungsvorrichtung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1516961A1 EP1516961A1 EP03405688A EP03405688A EP1516961A1 EP 1516961 A1 EP1516961 A1 EP 1516961A1 EP 03405688 A EP03405688 A EP 03405688A EP 03405688 A EP03405688 A EP 03405688A EP 1516961 A1 EP1516961 A1 EP 1516961A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- soil
- frequency
- compaction
- ground
- subharmonic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims description 99
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 77
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 29
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 21
- 230000000739 chaotic effect Effects 0.000 description 21
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005291 chaos (dynamical) Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009022 nonlinear effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001289717 Hypolimnas Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005279 excitation period Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005312 nonlinear dynamic Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C19/00—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
- E01C19/22—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for consolidating or finishing laid-down unset materials
- E01C19/23—Rollers therefor; Such rollers usable also for compacting soil
- E01C19/28—Vibrated rollers or rollers subjected to impacts, e.g. hammering blows
- E01C19/288—Vibrated rollers or rollers subjected to impacts, e.g. hammering blows adapted for monitoring characteristics of the material being compacted, e.g. indicating resonant frequency, measuring degree of compaction, by measuring values, detectable on the roller; using detected values to control operation of the roller, e.g. automatic adjustment of vibration responsive to such measurements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
- E02D3/046—Improving by compacting by tamping or vibrating, e.g. with auxiliary watering of the soil
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for determining a soil compaction degree of a compacted or compacted soil according to the preamble of the claim 1, and a soil compaction device according to the preamble of the claim 8th.
- a compression should always be optimal, d. H. fastest and least Energy expenditure executable when resonance of the soil compaction system occurred.
- the soil compaction system was made up of the soil to be compacted and up formed this compressing device acting.
- the accelerometer measures a nonharmonic vibration.
- a periodicity of vibration occurred at half the frequency. This condition was considered stable. Became now the excitation increased even more, or was the ground even stiffer, jumping the Bandage on. The measured quotient was significantly higher than mentioned above.
- US-A 5,727,900 is a control device for a soil compacting device described.
- the acceleration was horizontal and vertical of the bandage, the position of the eccentric, the eccentricity of the eccentric and measured the rolling speed of the compacting device.
- Soil compaction device worked analogously to US-A 5,695,298 with the same stability criterion, that the appearance of a half excitation frequency relative to the Amplitude of the excitation frequency was limited to a maximum of 5%.
- the object of the invention is to provide a floor area on a given or on a compacting maximum achievable soil stiffness according to a machine design, to determine the achieved degree of compaction and a soil compacting device to create, with this optimal soil compaction is to make.
- the subharmonics are determined, but also their amplitudes, which to the amplitude of the action frequency be put into proportion.
- the maximum amplitude values Preferably, one becomes the maximum amplitude values use for this.
- amplitude values for a given phase position be used. As from a fig tree scenario described below can be seen, this consideration results in addition to the determination of the subharmonic a more exact determination of the achieved or existing soil stiffness.
- one will the frequency of action on the ground contact unit select adjustable.
- an adjustable frequency can namely a resonance of the Vibration system, consisting of ground contact unit and to be compacted or compacted soil area, are determined.
- Working in resonance yields one Compaction at reduced compaction performance.
- the temporal deflection of the excitation can also be measured; but you can easily get out of it determine the instantaneous position of the unbalance or imbalances.
- the temporal situation the maximum amplitude (excitation vibration to the vibration of the ground contact unit) will be determined with a comparator unit.
- the suggestion is preferred adjust so that the maximum amplitude of the excitation by 90 ° to 180 °, preferably by 95 ° to 130 ° of the maximum amplitude of the ground contact unit is ahead.
- the maximum amplitude of the exciting force will also be adjustable interpret.
- An adjustment of the exciting force may be avoided when using e.g. from two unbalances are achieved, which rotate at the same rotational speed and whose angular distance is changeable.
- the imbalances can be in the same direction or be moved in opposite directions.
- Soil compaction device if one has a ground contact unit Soil compaction device is not designed accordingly, to machine damage to lead. It is therefore damping elements between the respective Floor contact unit and the remaining machine parts interpret such that a Subharmonic transmission is subdued. You can of course the entire soil compaction unit interpreted in such a way that the low-frequency subharmonic no To do damage; their frequency is yes according to the explanations in the detailed description known. But you can also get the amplitude of the stimulating force so far shut down that the amplitudes of the subharmonic cause no harm or no longer exist.
- FIG. 1 a compactor 1 with rear, rubber-tyred wheels 3 and a front drum 5 as a floor contact unit and a chassis 6 are shown.
- a one-sided bond between a bottom region 7 to be compacted (substructure) and the compactor 1 (compacting device) is the main reason for the occurrence of nonlinear effects.
- the one-sided binding is justified by the fact that between the compactor 1 and the bottom portion 7 compressive forces but no tensile forces can be transmitted.
- the compaction apparatus 1 When the maximum ground force values are exceeded, the compaction apparatus 1 periodically loses contact with the ground area 7 (subsurface). Additional non-linear elements of the soil properties, such as shear strain-controlled stiffness changes, can be neglected in comparison. Also, the superlinear spring characteristic of (rubber) damping elements 8 between the chassis 6 and ground contact unit 5 (bandage), or a superstructure 9 and an undercarriage 11 of a trench roller 12 explained later is of minor importance and does not significantly affect the calculation results of an analytical description. The same applies to a vibration plate 14 with a superstructure 15 and a lower carriage 17th
- a compacting device generally, as well as the compactor 1 in Figure 1, a ground contact unit (bandage 5, undercarriage 11 and 17) with a vibrating part, for example, with a rotating imbalance 13 with a mass m d including an unbalance exciter.
- a static Auflastabout of the chassis 6 is based with a mass m f (static weight) via damping elements 8 (stiffness k G , damping c G ) from.
- the static weight m f together with the damping elements 8 , produces a point-point-excited vibration system which is tuned low (low natural frequency).
- the uppercarriage 9 or 15 or the chassis 6 acts in vibration mode with respect to the vibrations of the undercarriage 11 or 17 or the bandage 5 as a low-pass second order.
- the vibration energy transmitted into the chassis 6 or the superstructure 9 or 15 is minimized.
- the compacted or compacted bottom of the bottom region 7 is a building material for which, depending on the properties investigated, different models exist.
- simple spring-damper models (stiffness k B , damping c B ) are used.
- the spring properties take into account the contact zone between the soil compaction unit (bandage) and the elastic half-space (floor area).
- the ground stiffness k B is a static, frequency-independent variable. This property could be demonstrated in the present application in the field trial for homogeneous and layered soils.
- equation system (1) describes the associated motion differential equations for the degrees of freedom x d of the drum 5 and x f of the chassis 6 .
- a soil reaction force F B between the bandage 5 and the compacted or compacted bottom region 7 controls the nonlinearity of the unilateral bond.
- a numerical simulation allows the calculation of the solutions of equations (1).
- the use of numerical Solution algorithms essential.
- analytical calculation methods like the averaging method, can be very good for linear and nonlinear oscillations
- Approximate solutions and statements of a fundamental nature to a bifurcation of Fundamental vibrations are taken.
- the averaging theory is described in Heatgg Roland (1998), "Non-linear vibrations in dynamic soil compactors, Progress VDI, Series 4, VDI Verlag Dusseldorf. This allows a good overall view about the occurring solutions.
- In multi-branching systems are analytical Methods associated with a disproportionate effort.
- the coordinate system of equations (1) and (3) includes a static depression due to the dead weight (static load weight m f , swinging mass m d ).
- the static sinking has to be subtracted for comparison purposes in the simulation result.
- the initial conditions for the simulation are all set to "0". The results are given for the case of the steady state.
- the solution solver chosen is "ode 45" (Dormand-Price) with a variable integration step size (maximum step size 0.1 s) in the time range from 0 s to 270 s.
- FIG. 3 shows a comparison between a simulated and a measured case of "strong jumping" of a compactor 1, in this case a compactor from Ammann AC 110 with a total weight of 11 t.
- a very good agreement between measured and calculated vibration behavior of a bandage 5 can be seen.
- the measured data were recorded with an acceleration sensor mounted in the vertical direction on the non-rotating, oscillating part of the drum 5, the signal then amplified and analyzed using a program package, eg LabView / DIAdem®.
- the practically measured and numerically simulated operating state of the jumping of the Rolling AC 110 represents a nonlinear system in terms of chaos theory after occurrence of the first period doubling.
- the compactors belong thus capable of technical systems that are basically capable of chaotic behavior are. Their dynamics can consequently be combined with the methods of nonlinear and chaotic Vibration theory are described. This opens up a large field of different Analytical methods, which applied in theory and practice of compaction technology can be.
- F B is the force acting on the floor area; see Figure 2.
- phase space representation with x 1 ( t ) - x 2 ( t ), or x ( t ) - x ⁇ ( t ) is derived.
- phase curves also called orbitals
- orbitals are in the case of linear, stationary and monofrequent oscillations closed circles or ellipses.
- additional harmonics occur (periodic lifting of the Bandage from the ground)
- the harmonics can be recognized as modulated periodicities. Only at period doublings, ie subharmonic vibrations like the "Jumping", the original circle mutates into closed curves, the intersections in the phase space representation.
- FIG. 6 shows the measured, unmediated occurrence of the jumping of a compactor (Ammann AC 110) during the transition of the machine from a very soft base (tire) to an already compacted, hard sand-gravel mixture. With otherwise constant machine parameters, ground stiffness and damping are the variable system parameters.
- the FFT performed in Figure 6 left shows the linear, monofrequency vibration behavior on the tire; the subharmonic oscillation, which additionally occurs on a hard surface, has about twice the amplitude compared to the fundamental vibration (right-hand illustration in FIG. 6 ). If the corresponding oscillation amplitude or the deformation value of the movement is measured at each unbalance rotation in an excellent position of the rotating eccentric, this is always constant (harmonious) on the tire, but on the hard base the value alternates according to the additional subharmonic oscillation component. Due to their periodicity, harmonics can not be detected in this type of signal acquisition.
- the measurement acquisition can be triggered in practice by the pulse of a Hall probe, which detects the zero crossing of the vibro wave. This can also generate Poincaré images.
- the bifurcation or so-called fig tree diagram is produced (lower middle illustration in FIG. 6 ).
- this diagram on the one hand, one recognizes the property of the amplitudes suddenly increasing as the rigidity increases in the region of the branch, and the tangent to the associated curve (s) runs vertically at the branching point. Therefore, in practice, no additional energy supply for the jumping of the roller is required.
- the diagram further shows that with increasing stiffness (compression) further branches follow, and in ever shorter intervals with respect to the continuously increasing stiffness k B.
- the branches produce a cascade of new vibrational components with each half the frequency of the previous lowest frequency of the spectrum. Since the first branching off from the fundamental oscillation with the frequency f, or period T, splits off, the frequency cascade f, f / 2, f / 4, f / 8 etc. is generated. Analogously to the fundamental oscillation, the subharmonic harmonics also generate it creates a frequency continuum in the low-frequency range of the signal spectrum. This is also a specific property of the chaotic system, in this case the vibrating roller.
- the system of the compactor in a deterministic and not in a stochastic chaotic state. Since the parameters, which cause the chaotic state, not all are measurable (not complete observable), the operating state of the subharmonic vibrations not be predicted for practical consolidation.
- the operating behavior in the Practice is also characterized by many imponderables, the machine can by slipping away the strong contact loss to the ground, the load of the machine through the low-frequency vibrations become very high. Ongoing can be further bifurcations the machine behavior (unexpected) occur, the immediately strong additional loads to Episode. High stresses also occur between the bandage and the floor; This leads to the undesirable loosening of near-surface layers and pulls grain breakup after himself.
- FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 respectively show this with reference to the FFT spectrum for a trench roller or a vibration plate.
- phase space of the movements of the upper and lower carriage of the vibrating plate and the grave roller (x 'd - and x d x' f - x f) are compared to the corresponding orbital of the drum roller ( Figure 5) clearly shows the increase in the complexity of the movements on the occurrence of the advanced period doubling scenario or the deterministic chaos.
- plates and rammers are devices weighing between 50 to 500 kg, one can say casually: the smaller the device, the greater the vibration Challenge.
- the ground stiffness k B achieved by a soil compaction device as determined by the soil compaction devices mentioned above can be dispensed with, as long as accurate (exact) ground stiffness values are desired and only one indication is given indicating whether the soil rigidity increases or already satisfactorily on further traversal with the device has reached, greatly simplified and thus inexpensively made with the following measuring device 20 shown in Figure 10 .
- Such a measuring device 20 for a Bodensteiftechniksrichtwert will be installed mainly in the already inexpensive vibrating plates.
- the vibrations of the undercarriage 17 are recorded with an acceleration sensor 21 , amplified by an amplifier 23 and integrated with an integrator 25 over a predetermined period of time.
- the integration is made to obtain a path from the acceleration value measured with the acceleration sensor 21 after two integrations.
- the output signal of the integrator 25 is fed to a plurality of bandpass filters 27 .
- the bandpass filter is designed such that once the excitation frequency f, the first harmonic at twice the excitation frequency 2 ⁇ f, the first subharmonic with the half excitation frequency f / 2, the second subharmonic with a fourth excitation frequency f / 4 and the third subharmonic with a achtel excitation frequency f / 8 are transmitted to one output 29a to 29e .
- the measuring device has four quotient formers 31a to 31d for monitoring the frequencies 2 * f, f, f / 2, f / 4 and f / 8 .
- the output 29b (output signal to f) is connected as a divisor to all quotient formers 31a to 31d . All outputs are each connected to a quotient generator 31a to 31d .
- the output 29a (output signal to 2 * f) is connected as a dividend to the quotient generator 31a whose output signal (quotient) is applied to its output 33a .
- the output 33a is routed via a normalization circuit 35 to two lights 37a in a display panel 39 .
- the luminaires 37b do not light up even if they are repeatedly driven over with the vibrating plate, further compaction, be it due to the soil composition or the machine data of the vibrating plate used, is not possible. The same applies to the lights 37c and 37d .
- the maximum amplitude A (f) with the action frequency f is smaller than that A (f / 2) of the first subharmonic f / 2 .
- the expected maximum amplitudes can be read analogously from the "fig tree scenario”.
- the soil stiffness k B degree of compaction
- the soil stiffness k B degree of compaction
- bandpass filter 27 a unit which performs a fast Fourier transformation (FFT) may also be used.
- FFT fast Fourier transformation
- the respective oscillation amplitude can also be determined within time windows. In this case, starting from the lowest position of the eccentric and the known rotational speed, the amplitude values for the first harmonic and corresponding subharmonics will be recorded, if they are present.
- FIG. 11 shows a variant of the circuit shown in FIG .
- an acceleration sensor 42 of analogous design to the acceleration sensor 21 is arranged on the uppercarriage 15 of a vibration plate 14 .
- damping elements between the upper and lower chassis is a vibration damping.
- the output signals of the acceleration sensor 42 for the first harmonic 2f and the first and second subharmonic f / 2 and f / 4 are now not integrated in contrast to the circuit 20 and processed as acceleration signals after amplification by the amplifier 23 in a bandpass filter 41st The signals are usually high enough.
- the signal of the third subharmonic f / 8 is now, since it is usually small, integrated with an integrator 43 and processed analogously as in FIG . It does not have to be integrated until the third subharmonic f / 8 . It is also possible to integrate the second subharmonic f / 4 or only the fourth subharmonic f / 16 .
- the sensor for receiving the waveform of the vibration system is arranged according to the above description on the undercarriage 11 or 17 or on the chassis 6 ; but it can also be arranged on the superstructure 9 and 15 respectively. In the case of an arrangement on the uppercarriage 9 or 15, vibration influences due to the damping elements, as outlined above, must be taken into account.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
- Road Paving Machines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Fig. 1
- eine schematische Darstellung zur Erklärung eines analytischen Modells eines schwingungsfähigen Systems mit einem beispielsweisen Walzenzug und einem zu verdichtenden bzw. verdichteten Bodenbereich,
- Fig. 2
- ein Beispiel einer Umsetzung eines dimensionslosen Modells in ein Simulink-Modell,
- Fig. 3
- einen Vergleich zwischen einer gemessenen (links) und einer berechneten (rechts) Bewegung einer springenden Bandage auf einem harten Bodenbereich, wobei auf der Abszisse die Zeit und in der Ordinate die jeweilige Auslenkung aufgetragen sind,
- Fig. 4
- ein vereinfachtes Modell einer schwingenden Bodenkontakteinheit auf einem zu verdichtenden bzw. verdichteten Bodenbereich,
- Fig. 5
- einen gemessenen (rechts) und einen berechneten (links) Phasenraum (Orbital) einer Bodenverdichtungseinheit (Bandage des Walzenzuges AC 110 Ammann), wobei die Abszisse die Auslenkung in x-Richtung und die Ordinate die Geschwindigkeit in X-Richtung zeigt (ein einzelner Kurvenzug schliesst sich immer nach der Zeit einer Grundschwingung = Anregungsfrequenz der Bandage),
- Fig. 6
- ein Bewegungsverhalten eines Walzenzuges bei gleichbleibenden Maschinenparametern über einem unterschiedlich harten Untergrund,
- Fig. 7
- ein Beispiel einer chaotischen Bewegung einer Grabenwalze auf hartem Untergrund (Bodenbereich), wobei die obere Abbildung eine Auslenkung des Oberwagens (gestrichelt) und eines Unterwagens (ausgezogen) der Grabenwalze über der Zeit darstellt, die mittleren beiden Abbildungen das zur Auslenkung gehörende Frequenzspektrum und die unteren drei Abbildungen links einen Phasenraum für den Oberwagen, die mittlere Abbildung die verwendete Grabenwalze und die rechte Abbildung einen Phasenraum für den Unterwagen zeigen,
- Fig. 8
- eine zu Figur 7 analoge Darstellung jedoch für eine Vibrationsplatte,
- Fig. 9
- eine Zusammenstellung dynamischer Verdichtungsgeräte im Verzweigungsdiagramm, wobei n = 1 eine Anregung mit einer Grundschwingung, n = 2 eine erste Subharmonische (f/2), n = 4 die nächste Subharmonische (f/4), n = 8 eine dritte Subharmonische /f/8) kennzeichnet,
- Fig. 10
- eine einfache Ausführung zur Abschätzung einer Bodenverdichtung, wie man sie vorzugsweise an einer Vibrationsplatte anordnen kann und
- Fig. 11
- eine Variante zu der in Figur 10 dargestellten Schaltung.
- md :
- schwingende Masse [kg] z.B. Bandage 5 bzw. Unterwagen 11 bzw. 17
- mf :
- stat. Auflastgewicht [kg] z.B. Chassis 6 bzw. Oberwagen 9 bzw. 15
- muru :
- stat. Moment Unwucht [kg m]
- xd :
- Bewegung schwingende Masse [mm]
- xf :
- Bewegung Auflastgewicht [mm]
- Ω :
- Erregerkreisfrequenz [s-1] Ω = 2π · f
- f:
- Erregerfrequenz [Hz]
- kB :
- Steifigkeit der Unterlage/des Bodenbereichs [MN/m];
- cB :
- Dämpfung der Unterlage/des Bodenbereichs [MNs/m]
- kG :
- Steifigkeit der Dämpfungselemente [MN/m]
- cG :
- Dämpfung der Dämpfungselemente [MNs/m]
- j = 1
- lineare Schwingungsantwort, Auflastbetrieb
- j = 1,2,3,...
- periodisches Abheben (die Maschine verliert pro Erregungsperiode einmal den Kontakt zum Boden)
- j = 1,1/2, 1/4, 1/8,....
- und zugehörige Oberwellen: Springen, Taumeln, chaotischer Betriebszustand
ω0 ist die Kreis-Resonanzfrequenz des Schwingungssystems "Maschine-Boden" [s-1].
- Zeitreihen, d. h. Bewegungsverhalten in Funktion der Zeit;
- Spektralanalysen der Zeitreihe (Fast Fourier Transformation FFT), beispielsweise zur Erkennung subharmonischer Schwingungsanteile, chaotische Systeme besitzen kontinuierliche Spektren;
- Phasenraumanalysen, Betrachten der Weg-Geschwindigkeits-Entwicklung in Funktion des Parameters Zeit, x(t)-x ˙(t);
- Zeichnet man im Phasenraum nur jene Punkte auf, für welche t = nT (n = 0, 1, 2, 3,..) ist, erhält man die Poincaré-Abbildung; chaotische Systeme zeigen in diesen Abbildungen ihre fraktale Struktur besonders ausgeprägt;
- Berechnung des Ljapunov-Exponenten; für Werte des Exponenten grösser, bzw. gleich "0" verhält sich das System instabil. Im Bereich chaotischer Bewegungen und der jeweiligen Bifurkationspunkte tritt dieser Fall auf, es existieren mehrere Attraktoren gleichzeitig, man befindet sich im Grenzgebiet (Separatrix) zweier oder mehrerer Lösungs-Einzugsbereiche.
Claims (12)
- Verfahren zur Ermittlung einer Bodensteifigkeit (kB) (Verdichtungsgrad) eines verdichteten bzw. zu verdichtenden Bodenbereichs (7), in dem eine auf den Bodenbereich (7) einwirkende Bodenkontakteinheit (5; 11; 17) einer Bodenverdichtungsvorrichtung (1; 12; 14) über diesen bewegt wird, wobei auf die Bodenkontakteinheit (5; 11; 17) eine zeitlich sich periodisch mit wenigstens einer Einwirkungsfrequenz (f) ändernde Bodenverdichtungskraft (FB) einwirkt und Schwingungen eines Schwingungssystems [Bodenverdichtungsvorrichtung (1; 12; 14) mit Bodenkontakteinheit (5; 11; 17) - Bodenbereich (7)] ermittelt werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Schwingungsform der Schwingung des Schwingungssystems (f, f/[2 · n], A(f), A(f/[2 · n])) aufgenommen wird und aus der Schwingungsform, aus Maschinenparametern der Bodenverdichtungsvorrichtung und aus einer zeitlichen Lage der einen Bodenverdichtungskraft (FB) die Bodensteifigkeit (kB) (Verdichtungsgrad) ermittelt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennnzeichnet, dass zur Einwirkungsfrequenz (f) Subharmonische (f/2, f/4, f/8 usw.) aus der Schwingungsform (f, f/[2 · n], A(f), A(f/[2 · n])) des Schwingungssystems ermittelt werden und aus sämtlichen Subharmonischen (f/2, f/4, f/8 usw.) zur Einwirkungsfrequenz (f) diejenige mit der tiefsten Frequenz (f/[2 · n]) ermittelt wird, wobei eine erreichte Bodensteifigkeit (kB) umso höher ist, je tiefer die Frequenz der tiefsten subharmonischen Frequenz (f/[2 · n]) ist, und vorzugsweise Schwingungsamplitudenwerte (A(f), A(f/[2 · n]) der Subharmonischen (f/[2 · n]) aus der Schwingungsform sowie der Einwirkungsfrequenz (f) miteinander in eine gegenseitige Beziehung zur exakteren Ermittlung der Bodensteifigkeit (kB) (Verdichtungsgrad) gebracht werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zeitlich sich periodisch ändernde Bodenverdichtungskraft (FB) eine reine "Sinus"-Schwingung einer einzigen Frequenz (f) oder vorzugsweise eine Überlagerung mehrerer "Sinus"-Schwingungen ist.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einwirkungsfrequenz (f) der sich zeitlich ändernden Bodenverdichtungskraft (FB) auf eine Resonanzfrequenz (f0) des Schwingungssystems eingestellt wird oder vorzugsweise auf eine Frequenz eingestellt wird, welche die Resonanzfrequenz (f0) um einen vorgegebenen, lediglich von Einstellstabilitäten bestimmten, Frequenzwert überschreitet.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die jeweils tiefste Subharmonische (f/[2 · n]) bei einer Bewegung der Bodenkontakteinheit (5; 11; 17) über einen jeweiligen Bodenbereich (7) diesem Bodenbereich (7) zugeordnet abgespeichert wird und mit einer tiefsten gemessenen Subharmonischen (f/[2 · n]) bei einem erneuten Überfahren verglichen wird und ein weiteres Überfahren eingestellt wird, sofern keine tiefere Subharmonische (f/[2 · n]) nach einer vorgegebenen Anzahl Überfahrungen erreicht wird, da keine weitere Bodenverdichtung bei den eingestellten Maschinendaten erreichbar ist.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 2 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Amplitudenwerte der Schwingungen der Subharmonischen über einen jeweiligen Bodenbereich (7) diesem Bodenbereich (7) zugeordnet abgespeichert werden und mit den Amplitudenwerten bei einem erneuten Überfahren verglichen werden und ein weiteres Überfahren eingestellt wird, sofern ein erhöhter Amplitudenwert der tiefsten Subharmonischen nach einer vorgegebenen Anzahl Überfahrungen erreicht wird, da keine weitere Bodenverdichtung bei den eingestellten Maschinendaten erreichbar ist.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Amplitude (A0) der anregenden Bodenverdichtungskraft (FB) unmittelbar nach der Ermittlung der jeweils tiefsten Subharmonischen (f/[2 · n]) auf einen Wert zurückgestellt wird, bis eine stabile Lage der Bodenverdichtungsvorrichtung erreicht ist.
- Bodenverdichtungsvorrichtung (1; 12; 14) zur Verdichtung eines Bodenbereichs (7) auf eine vorgegebene Bodensteifigkeit (kB) (Verdichtungsgrad) mit einer auf den Bodenbereich (7) einwirkenden Bodenkontakteinheit (5; 11; 17), mit einem Antrieb für wenigstens eine schwingende Masse (md), welche auf die Bodenkontakteinheit (5; 11; 17) eine periodisch sich ändernde Bodenverdichtungskraft (FB) ausübt, und mit wenigstens einem Sensor (21) zur Ermittlung einer Schwingung eines Schwingungssystems [Bodenvorrichtungsvorrichtung (1; 12; 14) mit Bodenkontakteinheit (5; 11; 17) - Bodenbereich (7)], gekennzeichnet durch eine mit dem wenigstens einen Sensor (21) verbundene Auswerteeinheit (20), mit der ausgehend von einer auf die Bodenkontakteinheit (5; 11; 17) wirkenden, anregenden Schwingung bzw. anregenden Schwingungen mit einer Einwirkungsfrequenz (f) bzw. -frequenzen eine Schwingungsform aufnehmbar und abspeicherbar ist und aus der Schwingungsform, aus Maschinenparametern der Bodenverdichtungsvorrichtung (1; 12; 14) und aus einer zeitlichen Lage der Bodenverdichtungskraft (FB) die Bodensteifigkeit (kB) (Verdichtungsgrad) mit der Auswerteeinheit (20) ermittelbar ist.
- Bodenverdichtungsvorrichtung (1; 12; 14) nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Einwirkungsfrequenz (f) der wenigstens einen schwingenden Masse (md) mit der Auswerteeinheit (20) hierzu mehrere Subharmonische (f/2, f/4, f/8 usw.) ermittelbar sind und aus diesen Subharmonischen (f/2, f/4, f/8 usw.) diejenige mit einer tiefsten Frequenz (f/[2 · n]) als Mass für die Bodensteifigkeit (kB) (Verdichtungsgrad) bestimmbar ist, wobei die erreichte Bodensteifigkeit (kB) umso höher ist, je tiefer die Frequenz der tiefsten subharmonischen Frequenz (f/[2 · n]) ist, und vorzugsweise mit der Auswerteeinheit (20), vorzugsweise maximale, Amplitudenwerte (A(f), A(f/[2 · n]) der Subharmonischen (f/[2 · n]) aus der Schwingungsform sowie der Einwirkungsfrequenz (f) miteinander in eine gegenseitige Beziehung zur exakteren Ermittlung der Bodensteifigkeit (kB) (Verdichtungsgrad) gebracht werden.
- Bodenverdichtungsvorrichtung (1; 12; 14) nach Anspruch 8 oder 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der wenigstens eine Sensor mit dem Antrieb verbunden ist und die Frequenz der wenigstens einen schwingenden Masse durch den Antrieb derart einstellbar ist, dass eine maximale Schwingungsamplitude erreichbar ist, was eine Resonanz eines Schwingungssystems anzeigt.
- Bodenverdichtungsvorrichtung (1; 12; 14) nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 9, gekennzeichnet durch einen zweiten Sensor, mit dem der Zeitpunkt einer, vorzugsweise maximalen, Kraft der wenigstens einen schwingenden Masse in Bodenverdichtungsrichtung feststellbar ist, wobei der erste Sensor derart ausgebildet ist, dass er zusätzlich eine vorgegebenen, vozugsweise eine maximale, Schwingungsamplitude der Bodenkontakteinheit in Bodenverdichtungsrichtung feststellen kann, und eine mit den beiden Sensoren und dem Antrieb verbundene Vergleichereinheit, welche die Antriebsfrequenz derart einstellt, dass zwischen den beiden maximalen Amplitudenwerten ein voreilender Phasenwinkel der anregenden Masseschwingung zwischen 90° und 180°, vorzugsweise zwischen 95° und 130°, vorhanden ist.
- Bodenverdichtungsvorrichtung (1; 12; 14) nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die wenigstens eine schwingende Masse eine veränderbare Unwucht hat und die Unwucht derart in ihrem Unwuchtmoment reduzierbar ist, dass die gemessenen Subharmonischen gerade noch in die Messempfindlichkeit des ersten Sensors fallen.
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP03405688.7A EP1516961B1 (de) | 2003-09-19 | 2003-09-19 | Verfahren zur Ermittlung einer Bodensteifigkeit und Bodenverdichtungsvorrichtung |
US10/572,568 US7483791B2 (en) | 2003-09-19 | 2004-09-20 | Determination of soil stiffness levels |
CNA2004800270734A CN1853017A (zh) | 2003-09-19 | 2004-09-20 | 基础刚度值的确定 |
PCT/CH2004/000592 WO2005028755A1 (de) | 2003-09-19 | 2004-09-20 | Bestimmung von bodensteifigkeitswerten |
EP04761932A EP1673508A1 (de) | 2003-09-19 | 2004-09-20 | Bestimmung von bodensteifigkeitswerten |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP03405688.7A EP1516961B1 (de) | 2003-09-19 | 2003-09-19 | Verfahren zur Ermittlung einer Bodensteifigkeit und Bodenverdichtungsvorrichtung |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1516961A1 true EP1516961A1 (de) | 2005-03-23 |
EP1516961B1 EP1516961B1 (de) | 2013-12-25 |
Family
ID=34178687
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03405688.7A Expired - Lifetime EP1516961B1 (de) | 2003-09-19 | 2003-09-19 | Verfahren zur Ermittlung einer Bodensteifigkeit und Bodenverdichtungsvorrichtung |
EP04761932A Withdrawn EP1673508A1 (de) | 2003-09-19 | 2004-09-20 | Bestimmung von bodensteifigkeitswerten |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04761932A Withdrawn EP1673508A1 (de) | 2003-09-19 | 2004-09-20 | Bestimmung von bodensteifigkeitswerten |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7483791B2 (de) |
EP (2) | EP1516961B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1853017A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2005028755A1 (de) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007096118A1 (de) * | 2006-02-22 | 2007-08-30 | Wacker Construction Equipment Ag | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum messen von bodenparametern mittels verdichtungsmaschinen |
WO2009100543A1 (de) * | 2008-02-12 | 2009-08-20 | Ammann Schweiz Ag | Unwuchterreger mit einer oder mehreren rotierbaren unwuchten |
WO2012048433A1 (de) * | 2010-10-13 | 2012-04-19 | Ammann Schweiz Ag | Verfahren zur ermittlung der steifigkeit und/oder dämpfung eines bereichs einer körperlichkeit |
DE102013223123B3 (de) * | 2013-11-13 | 2015-01-22 | Ammann Verdichtung Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Regeln einer Schwingung sowie Anbauverdichter |
AT518195A1 (de) * | 2016-01-26 | 2017-08-15 | Plasser & Theurer Export Von Bahnbaumaschinen Gmbh | Verfahren zur Verdichtung der Schotterbettung eines Gleises sowie Stopfaggregat |
DE102018200771A1 (de) * | 2018-01-18 | 2019-07-18 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Transportvorrichtung, insbesondere Kinderwagen, mit einer elektrischen Antriebseinheit |
CN113176058A (zh) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-07-27 | 徐工集团工程机械股份有限公司道路机械分公司 | 一种振动压路机及其压路机-土壤共振频率测量方法和*** |
US11414991B2 (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2022-08-16 | China University Of Mining And Technology | System and method for monitoring bearing compression rate of filler in coal mine gob area |
Families Citing this family (56)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1705293A1 (de) | 2005-03-23 | 2006-09-27 | Ammann Aufbereitung AG | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verdichtung eines Bodenbereichs |
US20090214300A1 (en) * | 2005-05-25 | 2009-08-27 | Bjorn Birgisson | Devices, systems, and methods for measuring and controlling compactive effort delivered to a soil by a compaction unit |
EP2324336B1 (de) * | 2008-09-02 | 2020-03-18 | The Board of Regents of the University of Oklahoma | Verfahren zur kompaktierung von fahrbahnmaterial |
US8190338B2 (en) * | 2008-09-02 | 2012-05-29 | The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Oklahoma | Method and apparatus for compaction of roadway materials |
US8635903B2 (en) * | 2009-12-22 | 2014-01-28 | Caterpillar Paving Products Inc. | Method and system for compaction measurement |
DE202010017338U1 (de) | 2010-05-03 | 2012-01-04 | Wacker Neuson Se | Messvorrichtung zum Bestimmen vonBodenkennwerten |
DE102010052713A1 (de) * | 2010-11-26 | 2012-05-31 | Bomag Gmbh | Verfahrbare Vorrichtung zur Verdichtung eines Bodenschichtaufbaus und Verfahren zur Ermittlung eines Schicht-E-Moduls einer obersten Schicht dieses Bodenschichtaufbaus |
WO2013152321A1 (en) * | 2012-04-06 | 2013-10-10 | The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Oklahoma | Method and apparatus for determining stiffness of a roadway |
CN102944607B (zh) * | 2012-10-26 | 2014-11-19 | 朱德兵 | 一种滚动式运动横波传感器及其使用方法 |
US9188518B2 (en) * | 2013-08-19 | 2015-11-17 | Bridgestone Americas Tire Operations, Llc | Ground compaction images |
DE102013222122B4 (de) * | 2013-10-30 | 2020-10-15 | Mts Maschinentechnik Schrode Ag | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Bodenverdichtungs- oder Bodenprüfgeräts, sowie Bodenverdichtungs- oder Verdichtungsprüfgerät |
US20150211199A1 (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2015-07-30 | Caterpillar Inc. | Device and process to measure ground stiffness from compactors |
US9534995B2 (en) * | 2014-06-11 | 2017-01-03 | Caterpillar Paving Products Inc. | System and method for determining a modulus of resilience |
DE102016009086A1 (de) * | 2016-07-26 | 2018-02-01 | Bomag Gmbh | Handgeführte Bodenverdichtungsmaschine, insbesondere Vibrationsstampfer oder Vibrationsplatte |
WO2018085452A1 (en) * | 2016-11-07 | 2018-05-11 | FarmX Inc. | Systems and Methods for Soil Modeling and Automatic Irrigation Control |
DE102017008535A1 (de) * | 2017-09-11 | 2019-03-14 | Bomag Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Bodenverdichtung und Betriebs- und Überwachungsverahren |
EP3517687B1 (de) | 2018-01-26 | 2020-08-05 | Keller Holding GmbH | Verfahren zur verdichtungserfassung und -steuerung beim verdichten eines bodens mittels tiefenrüttler |
US11653588B2 (en) | 2018-10-26 | 2023-05-23 | Deere & Company | Yield map generation and control system |
US11178818B2 (en) | 2018-10-26 | 2021-11-23 | Deere & Company | Harvesting machine control system with fill level processing based on yield data |
US11672203B2 (en) | 2018-10-26 | 2023-06-13 | Deere & Company | Predictive map generation and control |
US11467605B2 (en) | 2019-04-10 | 2022-10-11 | Deere & Company | Zonal machine control |
US11240961B2 (en) | 2018-10-26 | 2022-02-08 | Deere & Company | Controlling a harvesting machine based on a geo-spatial representation indicating where the harvesting machine is likely to reach capacity |
US11079725B2 (en) | 2019-04-10 | 2021-08-03 | Deere & Company | Machine control using real-time model |
US11641800B2 (en) | 2020-02-06 | 2023-05-09 | Deere & Company | Agricultural harvesting machine with pre-emergence weed detection and mitigation system |
US11957072B2 (en) | 2020-02-06 | 2024-04-16 | Deere & Company | Pre-emergence weed detection and mitigation system |
US11589509B2 (en) | 2018-10-26 | 2023-02-28 | Deere & Company | Predictive machine characteristic map generation and control system |
US11460385B2 (en) * | 2019-02-11 | 2022-10-04 | Ingios Geotechnics, Inc. | Compaction control system for and methods of accurately determining properties of compacted and/or existing ground materials |
CN110095241B (zh) * | 2019-02-20 | 2022-03-25 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | 分离式航天器舱间线缆刚度试验测定方法 |
US11234366B2 (en) | 2019-04-10 | 2022-02-01 | Deere & Company | Image selection for machine control |
US11778945B2 (en) | 2019-04-10 | 2023-10-10 | Deere & Company | Machine control using real-time model |
DE102019207151A1 (de) * | 2019-05-16 | 2020-11-19 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zur Analyse der Bodenbeschaffenheit und/oder des Härtegrads des Bodens |
US11477940B2 (en) | 2020-03-26 | 2022-10-25 | Deere & Company | Mobile work machine control based on zone parameter modification |
US11830350B2 (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2023-11-28 | Gravity Technologies, Llc | Method and system for installing wireless soil condition detection devices and monitoring and using signals transmitted therefrom |
DE102020126084A1 (de) | 2020-10-06 | 2022-04-07 | Hamm Ag | Verfahren zum Bereitstellen von mit dem Verdichtungszustand eines Bodens in Zusammenhang stehender Information bei Durchführung eines Verdichtungsvorgangs mit einem Bodenverdichter |
US11727680B2 (en) | 2020-10-09 | 2023-08-15 | Deere & Company | Predictive map generation based on seeding characteristics and control |
US11983009B2 (en) | 2020-10-09 | 2024-05-14 | Deere & Company | Map generation and control system |
US11946747B2 (en) | 2020-10-09 | 2024-04-02 | Deere & Company | Crop constituent map generation and control system |
US11635765B2 (en) | 2020-10-09 | 2023-04-25 | Deere & Company | Crop state map generation and control system |
US11889788B2 (en) | 2020-10-09 | 2024-02-06 | Deere & Company | Predictive biomass map generation and control |
US11675354B2 (en) | 2020-10-09 | 2023-06-13 | Deere & Company | Machine control using a predictive map |
US11895948B2 (en) | 2020-10-09 | 2024-02-13 | Deere & Company | Predictive map generation and control based on soil properties |
US11711995B2 (en) | 2020-10-09 | 2023-08-01 | Deere & Company | Machine control using a predictive map |
US11825768B2 (en) | 2020-10-09 | 2023-11-28 | Deere & Company | Machine control using a predictive map |
US11592822B2 (en) | 2020-10-09 | 2023-02-28 | Deere & Company | Machine control using a predictive map |
US11849671B2 (en) | 2020-10-09 | 2023-12-26 | Deere & Company | Crop state map generation and control system |
US11650587B2 (en) | 2020-10-09 | 2023-05-16 | Deere & Company | Predictive power map generation and control system |
US11864483B2 (en) | 2020-10-09 | 2024-01-09 | Deere & Company | Predictive map generation and control system |
US11927459B2 (en) | 2020-10-09 | 2024-03-12 | Deere & Company | Machine control using a predictive map |
US11849672B2 (en) | 2020-10-09 | 2023-12-26 | Deere & Company | Machine control using a predictive map |
US11845449B2 (en) | 2020-10-09 | 2023-12-19 | Deere & Company | Map generation and control system |
US11874669B2 (en) | 2020-10-09 | 2024-01-16 | Deere & Company | Map generation and control system |
US11474523B2 (en) | 2020-10-09 | 2022-10-18 | Deere & Company | Machine control using a predictive speed map |
US11871697B2 (en) | 2020-10-09 | 2024-01-16 | Deere & Company | Crop moisture map generation and control system |
US11844311B2 (en) | 2020-10-09 | 2023-12-19 | Deere & Company | Machine control using a predictive map |
US12013245B2 (en) | 2020-10-09 | 2024-06-18 | Deere & Company | Predictive map generation and control system |
US11889787B2 (en) | 2020-10-09 | 2024-02-06 | Deere & Company | Predictive speed map generation and control system |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4546425A (en) | 1982-04-01 | 1985-10-08 | Dynapac Maskin Ab | Procedure and device for optimation of the vibration amplitude in vibratory rollers |
US5695298A (en) | 1993-03-08 | 1997-12-09 | Geodynamik H. Thurner Ab | Control of a compacting machine |
US5727900A (en) | 1993-10-14 | 1998-03-17 | Geodynamik H. Thurner Ab | Control of a compacting machine with a measurement of the characteristics of the ground material |
WO1998017865A1 (de) | 1996-10-21 | 1998-04-30 | Ammann Verdichtung Ag | Verfahren zur messung mechanischer daten eines bodens sowie zu dessen verdichtung und mess- bzw. bodenverdichtungsvorrichtung |
US6244102B1 (en) * | 1998-09-18 | 2001-06-12 | Dynasens Ltd. | Method and system for examination and optimal compaction of soil enbankments |
DE10019806A1 (de) | 2000-04-20 | 2001-10-31 | Wacker Werke Kg | Bodenverdichtungsvorrichtung mit Schwingungsdetektion |
DE10028949A1 (de) | 2000-06-16 | 2002-03-07 | Bomag Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung des Verdichtungsgrades bei der Bodenverdichtung |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2952193A (en) * | 1953-09-09 | 1960-09-13 | Frederick J Converse | Soil compacting machine |
US3865501A (en) * | 1973-07-09 | 1975-02-11 | Int Tech Handelsonderneming En | Method and device for soil compacting |
DE2554013C3 (de) * | 1975-12-01 | 1984-10-25 | Koehring Gmbh - Bomag Division, 5407 Boppard | Verfahren zur dynamischen Bodenverdichtung |
DE3421824C2 (de) * | 1984-06-13 | 1986-07-17 | CASE VIBROMAX GmbH & Co KG, 4000 Düsseldorf | Vorrichtung zur Kontrolle der Verdichtung bei Vibrationsverdichtungsgeräten |
CN1055405A (zh) * | 1991-05-09 | 1991-10-16 | 冶金工业部建筑研究总院 | 地基变形模量和承载力的动测方法 |
DE19731731A1 (de) * | 1997-07-23 | 1999-02-25 | Wacker Werke Kg | Bodenverdichtungsvorrichtung mit veränderbaren Schwingungseigenschaften |
CN2413279Y (zh) * | 2000-03-23 | 2001-01-03 | 铁道部科学研究院铁道建筑研究所 | 落锤式路基刚度检测仪 |
US7089823B2 (en) * | 2002-05-29 | 2006-08-15 | Caterpillar Paving Products Inc. | Vibratory mechanism controller |
-
2003
- 2003-09-19 EP EP03405688.7A patent/EP1516961B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2004
- 2004-09-20 US US10/572,568 patent/US7483791B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-09-20 CN CNA2004800270734A patent/CN1853017A/zh active Pending
- 2004-09-20 EP EP04761932A patent/EP1673508A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-09-20 WO PCT/CH2004/000592 patent/WO2005028755A1/de active Application Filing
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4546425A (en) | 1982-04-01 | 1985-10-08 | Dynapac Maskin Ab | Procedure and device for optimation of the vibration amplitude in vibratory rollers |
US5695298A (en) | 1993-03-08 | 1997-12-09 | Geodynamik H. Thurner Ab | Control of a compacting machine |
US5727900A (en) | 1993-10-14 | 1998-03-17 | Geodynamik H. Thurner Ab | Control of a compacting machine with a measurement of the characteristics of the ground material |
WO1998017865A1 (de) | 1996-10-21 | 1998-04-30 | Ammann Verdichtung Ag | Verfahren zur messung mechanischer daten eines bodens sowie zu dessen verdichtung und mess- bzw. bodenverdichtungsvorrichtung |
US6431790B1 (en) * | 1996-10-21 | 2002-08-13 | Ammann Verdichtung Ag | Method of measuring mechanical data of a soil, and of compacting the soil, and measuring or soil-compaction device |
US6244102B1 (en) * | 1998-09-18 | 2001-06-12 | Dynasens Ltd. | Method and system for examination and optimal compaction of soil enbankments |
DE10019806A1 (de) | 2000-04-20 | 2001-10-31 | Wacker Werke Kg | Bodenverdichtungsvorrichtung mit Schwingungsdetektion |
DE10028949A1 (de) | 2000-06-16 | 2002-03-07 | Bomag Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung des Verdichtungsgrades bei der Bodenverdichtung |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
ANDEREGG R: "VIBRATIONSWALZEN MIT REGELBAREN PARAMETERN UND DIE FDVK", STRASSEN UND TIEFBAU, GIESEL VERLAG FUR PUBLIZITAT. ISERNHAGEN, DE, no. 12, 1997, pages 11 - 17, XP000764416 * |
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102006008266A1 (de) * | 2006-02-22 | 2007-08-30 | Wacker Construction Equipment Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Messen von Bodenparametern mittels Verdichtungsmaschinen |
JP2009527664A (ja) * | 2006-02-22 | 2009-07-30 | ワッカー ノイソン ソシエタス ヨーロピア | 締固め機械を用いて地盤パラメタを測定する方法および装置 |
DE102006008266B4 (de) * | 2006-02-22 | 2009-11-12 | Wacker Neuson Se | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Messen von Bodenparametern mittels Verdichtungsmaschinen |
WO2007096118A1 (de) * | 2006-02-22 | 2007-08-30 | Wacker Construction Equipment Ag | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum messen von bodenparametern mittels verdichtungsmaschinen |
WO2009100543A1 (de) * | 2008-02-12 | 2009-08-20 | Ammann Schweiz Ag | Unwuchterreger mit einer oder mehreren rotierbaren unwuchten |
US9389156B2 (en) | 2010-10-13 | 2016-07-12 | Ammann Schweiz Ag | Method for determining the stiffness and/or damping of an area of a physicalness |
WO2012048433A1 (de) * | 2010-10-13 | 2012-04-19 | Ammann Schweiz Ag | Verfahren zur ermittlung der steifigkeit und/oder dämpfung eines bereichs einer körperlichkeit |
DE102013223123B3 (de) * | 2013-11-13 | 2015-01-22 | Ammann Verdichtung Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Regeln einer Schwingung sowie Anbauverdichter |
AT518195A1 (de) * | 2016-01-26 | 2017-08-15 | Plasser & Theurer Export Von Bahnbaumaschinen Gmbh | Verfahren zur Verdichtung der Schotterbettung eines Gleises sowie Stopfaggregat |
AT518195B1 (de) * | 2016-01-26 | 2017-11-15 | Plasser & Theurer Export Von Bahnbaumaschinen Gmbh | Verfahren zur Verdichtung der Schotterbettung eines Gleises sowie Stopfaggregat |
US10914040B2 (en) | 2016-01-26 | 2021-02-09 | Plasser & Theurer Export Von Bahnbaumaschinen Gesellschaft M.B.H. | Method for compacting the ballast bed of a track, and tamping unit |
DE102018200771A1 (de) * | 2018-01-18 | 2019-07-18 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Transportvorrichtung, insbesondere Kinderwagen, mit einer elektrischen Antriebseinheit |
US11414991B2 (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2022-08-16 | China University Of Mining And Technology | System and method for monitoring bearing compression rate of filler in coal mine gob area |
CN113176058A (zh) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-07-27 | 徐工集团工程机械股份有限公司道路机械分公司 | 一种振动压路机及其压路机-土壤共振频率测量方法和*** |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20070276602A1 (en) | 2007-11-29 |
EP1516961B1 (de) | 2013-12-25 |
CN1853017A (zh) | 2006-10-25 |
EP1673508A1 (de) | 2006-06-28 |
WO2005028755A1 (de) | 2005-03-31 |
US7483791B2 (en) | 2009-01-27 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP1516961B1 (de) | Verfahren zur Ermittlung einer Bodensteifigkeit und Bodenverdichtungsvorrichtung | |
EP1861546B1 (de) | System für die koordinierte bodenbearbeitung | |
DE102017006844B4 (de) | Bodenverdichter und Verfahren zur Bestimmung von Untergrundeigenschaften mittels eines Bodenverdichters | |
EP2627826B1 (de) | Verfahren zur ermittlung der steifigkeit und/oder dämpfung eines bereichs einer körperlichkeit | |
EP0932726B1 (de) | Verfahren zur messung mechanischer daten eines bodens sowie zu dessen verdichtung und mess- bzw. bodenverdichtungsvorrichtung | |
DE102015006398B3 (de) | Bodenverdichtung mit einem Baggeranbauverdichter | |
DE3308476C2 (de) | ||
DE102016124875A1 (de) | Verdichtungsmessung unter Verwendung von nahegelegenen Sensoren | |
EP3176324B1 (de) | Verfahren zur ermittlung des verdichtungszustandes eines untergrunds | |
DE102006008266B4 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Messen von Bodenparametern mittels Verdichtungsmaschinen | |
EP3517687B1 (de) | Verfahren zur verdichtungserfassung und -steuerung beim verdichten eines bodens mittels tiefenrüttler | |
DE102010060843B4 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Messen von Bodenparametern mittels Verdichtungsmaschinen | |
CH615475A5 (de) | ||
EP3147406B1 (de) | Messsystem und verfahren zur verdichtungskontrolle eines belages und computerprogramm mit einem programmcode zur durchführung des verfahrens | |
EP2458088A2 (de) | Verfahrbare Vorrichtung zur Verdichtung eines Bodenschichtaufbaus und Verfahren zur Ermittlung eines Schicht-E-Moduls einer obersten Schicht dieses Bodenschichtaufbaus | |
DE112015000916T5 (de) | System und Verfahren zur Bestimmung eines Verdichtungszustands | |
DE60303303T2 (de) | Fallgewichtverdichtung | |
DE10046336A1 (de) | Bodenverdichtungsvorrichtung mit Schwingungserreger und Verfahren zum Regeln des Schwingungserregers | |
DE102016124106A1 (de) | Einstellung des verdichtungsaufwands unter verwendung von vibrationssensoren | |
EP4073318B1 (de) | Maschine und verfahren zum stabilisieren eines schottergleises | |
DE102010019053A1 (de) | Bodenverdichtungsvorrichtung mit Messvorrichtung zum Bestimmen von Bodenkennwerten | |
WO2018098599A1 (de) | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum abfräsen von gesteinsmaterial oder gesteinsähnlichem material | |
DE102022213393A1 (de) | Verfahren zum durchführen einer flächendeckenden verdichtungskontrolle einer bodenverdichtungsmaschine mit einem mobilteil, mobilteil sowie einrichtung zum durchführen einer flächendeckenden verdichtungskontrolle | |
DE102022134941A1 (de) | Verdichtungsbasierter dynamischer automatischer verdichtungsplan | |
DE102013223123B3 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Regeln einer Schwingung sowie Anbauverdichter |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL LT LV MK |
|
AKX | Designation fees paid | ||
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: 8566 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20050915 |
|
RBV | Designated contracting states (corrected) |
Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: HK Ref legal event code: DE Ref document number: 1078114 Country of ref document: HK |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20100628 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: HK Ref legal event code: WD Ref document number: 1078114 Country of ref document: HK |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20130717 |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: REF Ref document number: 646737 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20140115 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R096 Ref document number: 50314965 Country of ref document: DE Effective date: 20140220 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: T3 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PFA Owner name: AMMANN SCHWEIZ AG, CH Free format text: FORMER OWNER: AMMANN AUFBEREITUNG AG, CH Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: NV Representative=s name: KELLER AND PARTNER PATENTANWAELTE AG, CH |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: SE Ref legal event code: TRGR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: TD Effective date: 20140410 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20131225 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R081 Ref document number: 50314965 Country of ref document: DE Owner name: AMMANN SCHWEIZ AG, CH Free format text: FORMER OWNER: AMMANN AUFBEREITUNG AG, LANGENTHAL, CH Effective date: 20140324 |
|
RAP2 | Party data changed (patent owner data changed or rights of a patent transferred) |
Owner name: AMMANN SCHWEIZ AG |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: EE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20131225 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140428 Ref country code: SK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20131225 Ref country code: CY Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20131225 Ref country code: RO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20131225 Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20131225 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R097 Ref document number: 50314965 Country of ref document: DE |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20131225 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20140926 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: HC Ref document number: 646737 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Owner name: AMMANN SCHWEIZ AG, CH Effective date: 20141016 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R097 Ref document number: 50314965 Country of ref document: DE Effective date: 20140926 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PCAR Free format text: NEW ADDRESS: EIGERSTRASSE 2 POSTFACH, 3000 BERN 14 (CH) |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140919 Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20131225 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20131225 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: MM4A |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20140930 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20140919 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 13 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140326 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: HU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO Effective date: 20030919 Ref country code: TR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20131225 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 15 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 16 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PFA Owner name: AMMANN SCHWEIZ AG, CH Free format text: FORMER OWNER: AMMANN SCHWEIZ AG, CH |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BG Payment date: 20210924 Year of fee payment: 19 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Payment date: 20220920 Year of fee payment: 20 Ref country code: NL Payment date: 20220920 Year of fee payment: 20 Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20220920 Year of fee payment: 20 Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20220920 Year of fee payment: 20 Ref country code: CZ Payment date: 20220912 Year of fee payment: 20 Ref country code: AT Payment date: 20220921 Year of fee payment: 20 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20220922 Year of fee payment: 20 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20220926 Year of fee payment: 20 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CH Payment date: 20220928 Year of fee payment: 20 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R071 Ref document number: 50314965 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: MK Effective date: 20230918 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: PE20 Expiry date: 20230918 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION Effective date: 20230918 Ref country code: CZ Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION Effective date: 20230919 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: SE Ref legal event code: EUG |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: MK07 Ref document number: 646737 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20230919 |