EP1373818B1 - Method and device for treating bulk products - Google Patents

Method and device for treating bulk products Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1373818B1
EP1373818B1 EP02730030A EP02730030A EP1373818B1 EP 1373818 B1 EP1373818 B1 EP 1373818B1 EP 02730030 A EP02730030 A EP 02730030A EP 02730030 A EP02730030 A EP 02730030A EP 1373818 B1 EP1373818 B1 EP 1373818B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
carrier plate
layer
grate
support plate
return stroke
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
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EP02730030A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1373818A1 (en
Inventor
Hartmut Meyer
Thomas Staak
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Claudius Peters Technologies GmbH
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Claudius Peters Technologies GmbH
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Publication date
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Priority to DK02730030T priority Critical patent/DK1373818T3/en
Publication of EP1373818A1 publication Critical patent/EP1373818A1/en
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Publication of EP1373818B1 publication Critical patent/EP1373818B1/en
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D15/00Handling or treating discharged material; Supports or receiving chambers therefor
    • F27D15/02Cooling
    • F27D15/0206Cooling with means to convey the charge
    • F27D15/0213Cooling with means to convey the charge comprising a cooling grate
    • F27D15/022Cooling with means to convey the charge comprising a cooling grate grate plates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C22B1/26Cooling of roasted, sintered, or agglomerated ores
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23HGRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H11/00Travelling-grates
    • F23H11/18Details
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28CHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
    • F28C3/00Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus
    • F28C3/10Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus one heat-exchange medium at least being a fluent solid, e.g. a particulate material
    • F28C3/12Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus one heat-exchange medium at least being a fluent solid, e.g. a particulate material the heat-exchange medium being a particulate material and a gas, vapour, or liquid
    • F28C3/16Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus one heat-exchange medium at least being a fluent solid, e.g. a particulate material the heat-exchange medium being a particulate material and a gas, vapour, or liquid the particulate material forming a bed, e.g. fluidised, on vibratory sieves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D15/00Handling or treating discharged material; Supports or receiving chambers therefor
    • F27D15/02Cooling
    • F27D15/0206Cooling with means to convey the charge
    • F27D15/0213Cooling with means to convey the charge comprising a cooling grate

Definitions

  • Another known type of grate makes use of a stationary, air-permeable support base, over which the material layer is moved by means of scratches moving continuously in the conveying direction or reciprocating thrust elements (EP-A-718 578, WO00 / 31483).
  • a different type of radiator still uses a moving grate moving continuously in an endless loop (DE-A 1 953 415). In all cases, efforts are made to recover as much as possible of the heat transferred from the refrigerated goods to the cooling gas. Regardless of the type of radiator, the heat recovery has reached a relatively high level.
  • the heat recovery succeeds in that a method for operating a Cooling grate according to claim 1 or a cooling grate according to claim 9 is used.
  • a conveyor grate used which, in its entirety, is at a length of moved back and forth at least several meters, where the material layer is held during the return stroke so that the conveyor grate Slips back under the detained Gut harsh.
  • the Hubfreguenz is very low in comparison with Schubrosten, namely under 20 per minute. This results in the Effect that essentially no vertical mixing the good layer takes place.
  • the holding of the good layer during the return stroke of the rust happens by the fact that at the end of the task arranged in the region of the material layer a storage device is, against which the material layer starts on the return stroke. The between the storage device and the crop layer during the forward stroke The resulting gap is always immediately from the end of the task filled embankment stock of the estate.
  • the low internal good movement is based on the fact that a relative movement essentially only between the bed of good and the support plate takes place, and only during the return stroke of the support plate.
  • the improvement of heat recovery is based on the low vertical mixing of the good bed.
  • gas flow From the bottom up the first one cools down in the material layer Good, while the one above Good a high temperature reserves.
  • the conveying movement for that by vertical mixing of the chilled goods this assumes a mean temperature.
  • Push-cart feeders known. These are to conveyors, mainly for dosing out of Bulk material from containers are used (DE-B-12 54 071). It was not to be suspected that the application of this principle to would lead to advantages in heat or mass transfer. On the contrary was the missing or very little mixing the Gutbettts perceived as a defect, because thereby the possibility that the good bed gains inner cohesion, the even discharge from the end of the conveyor in Question poses (DE-A-34 21 432).
  • this supposed disadvantage because the cohesion of the layer is the breaking out of a part the layer under the jamming force acting on the return stroke difficult and thereby allows a larger Tragplattenin becomes.
  • the stroke is not limited by the dimensions of the grate plates, as in the case of grate grates, it can be dimensioned considerably larger than is usual in the case of grate grates. This increases the conveying efficiency with simultaneously possibly lower stroke rate, which is less than 20, more preferably less than 15 and preferably on average less than 10 min -1 . It is usually about half the size of pushrods.
  • the cooling grate according to the invention has the advantage of lower installation costs compared to a sliding grate, because the production and installation of a single grate plate of great length is much less expensive than that of a plurality of grate plates, although the movement and conveying principle of the grate according to the invention is similar to that of a single moving grate plate of a sliding grate, the operating behavior is fundamentally different and its advantages are surprising to those familiar with the characteristics of a sliding grate expert.
  • the invention borders on such known methods from where the soil layer bearing the soil layer so moved quickly and possibly also with a vertical component (vibrates), that thereby also the good in a vertical relative motion of the particles promoting vibration device. Rather, the good layer during the Vorhubs and essentially resting on the grate during the return stroke. It is therefore easy to see that when using said Conveying principle the internal mixing of the material layer is much lower than in the previous for cooling grates used funding principles.
  • the return stroke is expediently greater than the Vorhub Ukrainian, because only the Vorhub an effective Promotion caused.
  • An important feature is the Use a return stroke acceleration greater than is the Vorhubbe instructung.
  • the greater the return stroke acceleration The easier it is to break the adhesion between the support plate and the good bed and the smaller the accumulation force, which at the end of the task to hold the good layer the same must be applied.
  • the adhesive solution acceleration is the acceleration at which the acceleration to the rear the good layer required force greater than the static friction and consequently the layer of return movement no longer follows. Nevertheless, the mass effect can be the solution the adhesion between good and support plate contribute to the return stroke. For example, it may be appropriate to the remindhubbeuggung to over one third of the acceleration of the detention solution to raise.
  • the treatment gas is allowed to rust and flow through the material layer from bottom to top, because it the detention solution is facilitated. For one thing, it diminishes the bearing force of the good bed according to the pressure difference of the gas stream. On the other hand, the gas flow at the crossing from the support plate in the good bed a certain relaxation of Effect boundary layer. Because the relief of the detention solution while the re-acceleration phase is desired, it may be advantageous, the speed or the pressure of the treatment gas during the re-acceleration and / or during the total return stroke is greater than during the Advancing stroke.
  • the support plate is opposite to the sides the housing sealed to the diarrhea of fines largely excluded. Important is such a seal in particular even if the treatment air with overpressure from stationary chambers below the grate into the openings of the bottom open grate is pressed so that the Side edges of the grate as little gas loss occurs.
  • the task side Sealing is expediently of a the support plate overlapping and pressed on top of it Formed sealing plate. Due to the fact that the sealing plate on the Slides the top of the support plate substantially gap-free, the gas passage is excluded at this point kept low. By a yielding force, in particular a spring, the sealing plate can on top of the support plate be pressed. If instead of the gap freedom a smaller Gap can be tolerated, it is also possible that Sealing plate firmly at a short distance above the support plate assemble. Since there are high temperatures at the end of the task is It is useful, not only the support plate, but also the Seal plate permeable to air and with a gas flow to act on.
  • a support plate has - compared to the grate plates of a Reciprocating grate - a very long length, namely at least several meters.
  • the entire cooling grid can be of a uniform Be formed support plate. If there are reasons, limit the length of a support plate (for example, on the order of magnitude of 5 to 10 m) and a greater total length the grate is required, you can have several support plates arrange one after another, either with a common Stowage device cooperate at the end of the task or with one each be provided special associated storage device.
  • the support plate is normally arranged approximately horizontally.
  • the support plate can also be one in the conveying direction weakly rising or slightly falling arrangement selected become.
  • An advantage of the invention is that by the diminished Gutsschi generated less dust and with the secondary air in the oven is performed as in known coolers. As a result, on the one hand the furnace operated more effectively be because the heat transfer between flame and kiln not reduced by dust, and sinks to the other the effort to dedust the exhaust air.
  • Another advantage of the invention is that the entire Support surface for cooling air supply and cooling available stands, while with sliding grate coolers and push beam coolers inherently some area shares of the cooling air supply excluded are.
  • an advantage of the invention is that the Layer height is not subject to the limitation that with conventional Coolers to note. A larger layer thickness favors the heat recovery.
  • an advantage of the invention is that thanks the lack of inner Gutsterrorism the emergence liquid-like Conditions in a part of the estate less easily occurs. In known coolers, this phenomenon is therefore dreaded, because it causes a flow of fines, which is in liquid-like state, a substantial Part of the radiator length shoots practically uncooled. As the dumping of the estate of a rotary kiln with associated with a particle size separation, this phenomenon occurs mainly on the side of the radiator, on the basis of this separation with a larger fines content is to be expected.
  • the rust used in the invention opens the possibility of passive or active precautions against the Occurrence of such unwanted movement easily flowing To seize material.
  • Passive precautions exist in means that control the movement of the material on the grate in the conveying direction inhibit, for example, from the support plate towering Projections.
  • projections are suitable, which themselves mainly transverse to the conveying direction in the form of walls or Bars or the like extend. Since the mentioned material flow predominantly occurs in the edge region of the grate can Such flow obstacles also from the side wall in the Good bed project. Protruding from a stationary side wall Flow barriers are particularly useful when placed above the normal layer height are and therefore shooting through a material flow then prevent this from happening on the surface of the support plate already resting layer takes place.
  • Active precautions can be taken by such flow obstacles be formed from case to case from the support plate or the moving or stationary side wall from an inactive one Position out into the area of the material flow to be prevented be moved to an active position and then again can be withdrawn. You can always do more or protrude less far into the layer, with the width their intervention, i. their height or length, depending on the particular Condition of the bed is controlled.
  • the reliable conveying operation depends on the fact that the good bed taken during the Vorhubs the support plate of this is and the support plate during the return stroke under the Good bed slides.
  • the entrainment of the Gutbettts the Vorhub becomes caused by the friction between the good bed and the support plate.
  • the sliding of the support plate relative to the bed of good during the Return strokes depend on the frictional engagement between the good bed and the support plate overcome by opposing forces becomes.
  • these counteracting forces belongs primarily the congestion resistance, the at the end of the task in the field of Gut Schweizer arranged accumulation device exerts. It may be appropriate be to provide other facilities as well exert a resistance to the material layer when the support plate moving back, or in this phase of movement reduce the frictional engagement between the bed of good and the support plate.
  • means for increasing the in the support plate or from the bottom on the material layer acting gas pressure during the return stroke compared to the forward stroke provided be.
  • the invention provides the possibility, with the support plate To provide connected members, the less on the return stroke (preferably not at all) and at the forward stroke stronger in intervene the good bed.
  • the resistance to movement, the good bed on the return stroke can also be increased be that the support plate with the Gutbett narrowing side walls is provided whose clear distance in the conveying direction increases or narrows in the opposite direction. If these side walls are connected to the support plate, reduce the frictional engagement between the good bed and the Walls during the return stroke of the support plate.
  • the invention provides the Possibility to use a Schicht Berlinnbesky.
  • The is a wall at the beginning of the conveyor above the support plate is arranged and whose lower edge a distance from the support plate has, the desired thickness of the Gutbettts equivalent.
  • the cooler for kiln which is arranged in a housing 1, e.g. Cement clinker comprises a section designed according to the invention 6.
  • This is an inlet section in the case shown upstream, which is below the through his 3 indicated shaft, in which the of Oven coming Good in the sense of arrow 4 is dropped. It reaches an embankment 5, located on the preferably inclined surface 2 of the inlet section forms.
  • the area 2 may be conventional, e.g. from exposed to cooling air, stationary or partially moving grate plates consist.
  • the inclination the surface 2 is suitably chosen so that on the one hand lingers on her cool good, which she before the immediate Influence of the hot coming from the furnace property protects, and that on the other hand, larger pieces of property due to their gradient to move on.
  • the radiator section 6 is mainly formed by a support plate 10.
  • This consists for example of a framework 11 with applied, adjoining metal sheets 12, which may be covered with a hard layer 13 as wear protection.
  • the support plate rests on a swing frame 14 which is movably mounted on rollers 15 in the conveying direction 16.
  • a hydraulic drive 17 puts it in reciprocating motion, preferably with an amplitude of 10 to 80 cm, more preferably 30 to 50 cm, and a frequency of normally 5 to 10 min -1 , which is expediently dependent on the thickness of the support plate 10 located Gutbettts 20 is regulated and can rise in abnormally strong Gutanfall until, for example, 30 min -1 .
  • the layer thickness of the Guts is for example 50 to 200 cm.
  • the metal sheets 12 of the support plate 10 contain evenly distributed Lucas manuloselitze 21, after the grate plates known principles can be designed (see, for example EP-A-811 818). You can use bags 22 to catch of fines blown off when the air flow is shut off be included in the then resumed Operation entrained by the air flow and returned to the material layer becomes.
  • the support plate 10 can also be used as a cover plate of a closed Be formed box, the cooling air by flexible Hoses or the like supplied to the box interior becomes. As it is known by Schubrosten, individual sections the support plate 10 separately and optionally with be subjected to different pressure.
  • the side edges of the support plate 10 are opposite the adjacent Housing wall 25 of FIG. 3 by a not closer illustrated seal 26 sealed. This prevents the Diarrhea of fines and, if necessary, the passage of Cooling air.
  • the Gut Mrs 20 At the task-side end of the support plate 10 is in the height range the Gut Mrs 20 a baffle plate 30 is arranged. She can just before the support plate or be provided over this.
  • the Support plate takes during her Vorhubs lying on her Good with. This creates at the foot of the slope 5 a gap in the Good für 20, which immediately with the out of the embankment. 5 replenishing good fills.
  • the material layer adheres 20 first on the support plate until it is on the baffle plate 30 jams. Once the jamming force between the friction Good layer 20 and support plate 10 exceeds, the material layer remains stand while the support plate 10 continues under it moved back. So that the stowage facility this function does not necessarily have to have a plate shape.
  • the dynamic pressure can also by the down to the level of the support plate embankment. 5 to a farther from the support plate 10 lying Power receiving surface to be forwarded.
  • This force receiving surface can for example be formed by the surface 2 or wall 3 be, which are then pulled down accordingly deep.
  • a sealing plate 32nd provided, whose pointing in the conveying direction 16 end on the Top of the support plate 10 rests.
  • the other end of the Sealing plate 32 is pivotally mounted at 33 and not in illustrated wise tightly connected to the baffle plate 30.
  • a spring 34 presses the sealing plate 30 essentially gap-free on the support plate 10th
  • the discharge-side end of the support plate 10 is suitably also sealed against the stationary equipment, for example, by a gap-free to the support plate underside applying, not shown spring steel strip.
  • the bottom up blowing of air into the Good layer 20 reduces the bearing pressure due to its back pressure the soil layer and relaxes its lowest area little on.
  • the friction between the material layer and the support plate is therefore lower than for pushcarriages, and the Conveyor length can be correspondingly larger.
  • the Reverse acceleration used at the transition from forward to return stroke be to the solution of adhering to the support plate Good facilitate.
  • the surface of the support plate is designed appropriately so that the lowest possible friction against the good becomes. However, it may be especially in the beginning of the Support plate should be useful to choose a surface shape that This causes that cool material as a protective layer under the above lying hot good is held.
  • the effect of the transverse ribs is that Good in the hollows formed between the ribs is noted that the support plate before the immediate Exposure to hot material and protects against wear. such Need to hold a cool Gutstik not to cover the entire surface of the support plate, but can be confined to those areas in otherwise with particularly high stress on the support plate would have to be expected. You can also change shape provided that it is suitable for holding the property.
  • a significant advantage of the cooler according to the invention exists in that the estate is spared. He is therefore suitable also for sensitive goods such as Expanded clay. Further has he has the advantage that lighter than in rust types, in which an internal Gutiolo takes place, a uniform air distribution can be achieved.
  • the compressed air supply by means of the blower 35 to the chamber 23 is controlled so that the pressure during the return stroke is greater than during the Advancing stroke. Thereby, the friction of the crop bed 20 at the Support plate 20 reduced. It is a lower energy consumption necessary to retract the support plate under the bed 20.
  • the lagging of the good bed compared to the retreating Support plate can also be promoted by the Good bed is bordered laterally by stationary walls 36 whose Inner surfaces by an angle 37 with respect to the direction of movement the support plate 10 are inclined in opposite directions, that their distance widens in the conveying direction.
  • the support plate 10 tend to the support plate during the return movement to follow, it is through the inner surfaces of the walls 36 is increasing concentrated, which in addition to the congestion resistance the end face 30 a restraining force on the good bed 20th is exercised.
  • the walls 36 When the walls 36 are connected to the support plate and move with it, the walls reinforce it Friction with the good during the Vorhubs.
  • Retaining devices 38 may be provided, of which only one indicated in Fig. 7. It refers to Sliders or flaps or the like, by means of a drive 39 are controlled so that they during the return stroke the support plate 10 protrude into the bed 20 to this while holding the support plate during the forward stroke 10 are withdrawn.
  • Such retention devices can also from above or through the support plate 10 through act down on the good bed 20.
  • a similar retainer 40 is arranged with drive 41 in the support plate. She moves back and forth with the support plate. During the Vorhubs the support plate protrudes the retainer 40 in the good bed in to take it with the support plate. On the return stroke of the support plate, it is withdrawn from the Gutbett, about the relative movement between the good bed and the support plate not to hinder. Of the retainers 38, 40 can take a large number appropriately along the course of the Gutbettts be distributed.
  • stationary beam 45 is provided which a return movement of the Gutbedts together with the support plate 10 during their return stroke inhibit.
  • Its cross section is preferably chosen so that the inhibition of the good movement in the return direction is stronger as in the conveying direction.
  • they have a triangular shape in the opposite direction pointing tip and they are at close range arranged above the support plate 10.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a layer height limiter 42 which as a fixed or height-adjustable wall in the radiator housing 1 is arranged. Its lower edge 43 determines the maximum Height of the crop bed 20. Towards the wall 42, a buffer space is formed in which the slope 5 at temporarily builds up a buffer volume.
  • the distance of serving as Schichthöbenbesky wall 42 of the baffle plate 30 should be smaller be as the height of the lower edge 43 of the wall 42 above the Support plate 10.

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Description

Es ist bekannt, Schüttgut dadurch mit Gas zu behandeln, daß es kontinuierlich in einer Schicht über einen Rost gefördert wird und dabei von dem Gas durchströmt wird. Zum Kühlen von Brenngut, beispielsweise Zementklinker, verwendet man vornehmlich sogenannte Schubroste, die aus einander überlappenden Reihen von wechselnd fest stehenden und in Förderrichtung vor- und zurückbewegten Rostplatten bestehen (DE-A-37 34 043, DE-A-196 49 921, JP-A-57007226). Durch die Rostplatten wird Kühlluft in das Gutbett eingeblasen, die die Kühlung bewirkt und oberhalb der Gutschicht zur Wärmerückgewinnung abgeführt wird. Eine andere bekannte Rostbauart bedient sich eines stationären, luftdurchlässigen Tragbodens, über den die Gutschicht mittels kontinuierlich in Förderrichtung bewegter Kratzer oder hin- und hergehender Schuborgane bewegt wird (EP-A-718 578, WO00/31483). Eine wieder andere Kühlerbauart verwendet einen kontinuierlich in endloser Schleife bewegten wanderrost (DE-A 1 953 415). In allen Fällen bemüht man sich um eine möglichst weitgehende Rückgewinnung der von dem Kühlgut auf das Kühlgas übertragenen Wärme. Unabhängig von der Kühlerbauart hat die Wärmerückgewinnung einen verhältnismäßig hohen Stand erreicht. It is known to treat bulk material with gas that it is continuously conveyed in a layer over a grid and thereby flows through the gas. For cooling of combustible material, such as cement clinker, used primarily so-called push grates, which consist of overlapping rows of alternately fixed and in the conveying direction back and forth grate plates (DE-A-37 34 043, DE-A-196 49 921 , JP -A-57007226 ). Through the grate plates cooling air is injected into the bed of material, which causes the cooling and is discharged above the material layer for heat recovery. Another known type of grate makes use of a stationary, air-permeable support base, over which the material layer is moved by means of scratches moving continuously in the conveying direction or reciprocating thrust elements (EP-A-718 578, WO00 / 31483). A different type of radiator still uses a moving grate moving continuously in an endless loop (DE-A 1 953 415). In all cases, efforts are made to recover as much as possible of the heat transferred from the refrigerated goods to the cooling gas. Regardless of the type of radiator, the heat recovery has reached a relatively high level.

Überraschenderweise gelingt es, die Wärmerückgewinnung weiter dadurch zu steigern, daß ein Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Kühlrosts gemäß Anspruch 1 oder ein Kühlrost gemäß Anspruch 9 verwendet wird. Dabei ist vorgesehen, daß ein Förderrost verwendet wird, der in seiner Gesamtheit bei einer Länge von mindestens mehreren Metern vor- und zurückbewegt wird, wobei die Gutschicht während des Rückhubs festgehalten wird , so daß der Förderrost unter der festgehaltenen Gutschicht zurückgleitet. Die Hubfreguenz wird im Vergleich mit Schubrosten sehr gering gewählt, nämlich unter 20 pro Minute. Dabei ergibt sich die Wirkung, daß im wesentlichen keine vertikale Durchmischung der Gutschicht stattfindet. Das Festhalten der Gutschicht während des Rückhubs des Rosts geschieht dadurch, daß am Aufgabeende im Bereich der Gutschicht eine Staueinrichtung angeordnet ist, gegen die die Gutschicht beim Rückhub anläuft. Die zwischen der Staueinrichtung und der Gutschicht beim Vorhub entstehende Lücke wird stets sofort aus dem am Aufgabeende befindlichen Böschungsvorrat des Guts gefüllt. Die geringe interne Gutbewegung beruht darauf, daß eine Relativbewegung im wesentlichen nur zwischen dem Gutbett und der Tragplatte stattfindet, und dies auch nur während des Rückhubs der Tragplatte.Surprisingly, the heat recovery succeeds in that a method for operating a Cooling grate according to claim 1 or a cooling grate according to claim 9 is used. It is envisaged that a conveyor grate used which, in its entirety, is at a length of moved back and forth at least several meters, where the material layer is held during the return stroke so that the conveyor grate Slips back under the detained Gutschicht. The Hubfreguenz is very low in comparison with Schubrosten, namely under 20 per minute. This results in the Effect that essentially no vertical mixing the good layer takes place. The holding of the good layer during the return stroke of the rust happens by the fact that at the end of the task arranged in the region of the material layer a storage device is, against which the material layer starts on the return stroke. The between the storage device and the crop layer during the forward stroke The resulting gap is always immediately from the end of the task filled embankment stock of the estate. The low internal good movement is based on the fact that a relative movement essentially only between the bed of good and the support plate takes place, and only during the return stroke of the support plate.

Die Verbesserung der Wärmerückgewinnung beruht auf der geringen vertikalen Durchmischung des Gutbetts. Bei Gasströmung von unten nach oben kühlt sich zunächst das unten in der Gutschicht befindende Gut ab, während das weiter oben befindliche Gut eine hohe Temperatur behält. Das Gas verläßt die Gutschicht daher, nachdem es zuletzt mit der am höchsten temperierten Schicht in Berührung gewesen ist und deren Temperatur angenommen hat. Hingegen sorgt bei den bekannten Kühlerbauarten die Förderbewegung dafür, daß durch vertikale Durchmischung des Kühlguts dieses eine Mitteltemperatur annimmt. Das Gas verläßt die Gutschicht daher mit einer entsprechend niedrigeren Temperatur.The improvement of heat recovery is based on the low vertical mixing of the good bed. With gas flow From the bottom up, the first one cools down in the material layer Good, while the one above Good a high temperature reserves. The gas leaves the material layer therefore, having last with the highest temperature Layer has been in contact and their temperature has accepted. On the other hand provides in the known cooler designs the conveying movement for that by vertical mixing of the chilled goods this assumes a mean temperature. The gas leaves the material layer therefore with a corresponding lower temperature.

Entsprechendes gilt, wenn das Verfahren nicht zum Wärmeaustausch, sondern zum Stoffaustausch, beispielsweise zum Trocknen, verwendet wird oder wenn das Gas nicht von unten nach oben, sondern umgekehrt durch die Gutschicht geführt ist.The same applies if the process is not used for heat exchange, but for mass transfer, for example for drying, is used or if the gas is not from the bottom up above, but is guided inversely by the material layer.

Das erfindungsgemäß zu verwendende Förderprinzip ist bei sogenannten Schubwagenspeisern bekannt. Es handelt sich dabei um Förderer, die hauptsächlich zum dosierbaren Ausspeisen von Schüttgut aus Behältern verwendet werden (DE-B-12 54 071). Es war nicht zu vermuten, daß die Anwendung dieses Prinzips zu Vorteilen bei Wärme- oder Stoffaustausch führen würde. Im Gegenteil wurde die fehlende oder sehr geringe Durchmischung des Gutbetts als Mangel empfunden, weil dadurch die Möglichkeit besteht, daß das Gutbett einen inneren Zusammenhalt gewinnt, der den gleichmäßigen Abwurf vom Ende des Förderers in Frage stellt (DE-A-34 21 432). Im Zusammenhang der Erfindung entpuppt sich dieser vermeintliche Nachteil als vorteilhaft, weil der Zusammenhalt der Schicht das Ausbrechen eines Teils der Schicht unter der beim Rückhub wirkenden Staukraft erschwert und dadurch eine größere Tragplattenlänge ermöglicht wird.The delivery principle to be used according to the invention is in so-called Push-cart feeders known. These are to conveyors, mainly for dosing out of Bulk material from containers are used (DE-B-12 54 071). It was not to be suspected that the application of this principle to Would lead to advantages in heat or mass transfer. On the contrary was the missing or very little mixing the Gutbettts perceived as a defect, because thereby the possibility that the good bed gains inner cohesion, the even discharge from the end of the conveyor in Question poses (DE-A-34 21 432). In the context of the invention turns out to be advantageous, this supposed disadvantage because the cohesion of the layer is the breaking out of a part the layer under the jamming force acting on the return stroke difficult and thereby allows a larger Tragplattenlänge becomes.

Da der Hub nicht wie bei Schubrosten durch die Abmessungen der Rostplatten begrenzt ist, kann er wesentlich größer bemessen werden, als man dies von Schubrosten gewöhnt ist. Dies erhöht die Fördereffektivität bei ggf. gleichzeitig geringerer Hubzahl, die geringer als 20, weiter vorzugsweise geringer als 15 und vorzugsweise im Durchschnitt geringer als 10 min-1 ist. Sie ist in der Regel etwa halb so groß wie die von Schubrosten.Since the stroke is not limited by the dimensions of the grate plates, as in the case of grate grates, it can be dimensioned considerably larger than is usual in the case of grate grates. This increases the conveying efficiency with simultaneously possibly lower stroke rate, which is less than 20, more preferably less than 15 and preferably on average less than 10 min -1 . It is usually about half the size of pushrods.

Der Vorteil der geringeren vertikalen Durchmischung ist besonders auffällig im Vergleich mit herkömmlichen Schubrosten. Bei diesen ist diese Durchmischung stark, weil in kurzen Abständen feststehende und bewegte Rostplatten aufeinanderfolgen. Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Rost gibt es hingegen außer einer Überganasstelle, am Anfang des Rosts keine weitere Störstelle, weil der Rost über seine ganze Länge eine einheitliche Fläche mit gleichbleibender Bewegung darstellt. Es fehlt daher praktisch völlig an der Durchmischung des Gutbetts, die beim Schubkühler unvermeidlich ist. Die geringe Durchmischung hat den weiteren Vorteil, daß nur wenig Abrieb im Gut und entsprechend wenig Staub entsteht. Schließlich hat der erfindungsgemäße Kühlrost gegenüber einem Schubrost den Vorteil geringerer Anlagekosten, weil die Herstellung und Montage einer einheitlichen Rostplatte von großer Länge wesentlich weniger aufwendig ist als die einer Vielzahl von Rostplatten, obwohl das Bewegungs- und Förderprinzip des erfindungsgemäßen Rosts Ähnlichkeit hat zu demjenigen einer einzelnen bewegten Rostplatte eines Schubrosts, ist das Betriebsverhalten doch grundsätzlich anders und sind seine Vorteile dem mit den Eigenschaften eines Schubrosts vertrauten Fachmanns überraschend.The advantage of less vertical mixing is particularly noticeable when compared to conventional push grates. In these, this mixing is strong, because at regular intervals fixed and moving grate plates follow each other. In the case of the grate according to the invention, on the other hand, apart from a transition point, at the beginning of the grate there is no further impurity because the grate over its entire length represents a uniform surface with constant movement. It is therefore virtually completely lacking in the thorough mixing of the good bed, which is inevitable in the push cooler. The low mixing has the further advantage that only little abrasion in Good and correspondingly little dust. Finally, the cooling grate according to the invention has the advantage of lower installation costs compared to a sliding grate, because the production and installation of a single grate plate of great length is much less expensive than that of a plurality of grate plates, although the movement and conveying principle of the grate according to the invention is similar to that of a single moving grate plate of a sliding grate, the operating behavior is fundamentally different and its advantages are surprising to those familiar with the characteristics of a sliding grate expert.

Das Merkmal, daß die Hubfrequenz so niedrig gewählt wird, daß im wesentlichen keine vertikale Durchmischung der Gutschicht stattfindet, grenzt die Erfindung von solchen bekannten Verfahren ab, bei denen der die Gutschicht tragende Boden so rasch und gegebenenfalls auch mit vertikaler Komponente bewegt (vibriert) wird, daß dadurch auch das Gut in eine die vertikale Relativbewegung der Partikeln fördernde Vibration gerät. Vielmehr soll die Gutschicht während des Vorhubs und im wesentlichen auch während des Rückhubs auf dem Rost ruhen. Es ist daher leicht einzusehen, daß bei Verwendung des genannten Förderprinzips die innere Durchmischung der Gutschicht wesentlich geringer ist als bei den bislang für Kühlroste verwendeten Förderprinzipien.The feature that the stroke frequency is chosen so low that essentially no vertical mixing of the material layer takes place, the invention borders on such known methods from where the soil layer bearing the soil layer so moved quickly and possibly also with a vertical component (vibrates), that thereby also the good in a vertical relative motion of the particles promoting vibration device. Rather, the good layer during the Vorhubs and essentially resting on the grate during the return stroke. It is therefore easy to see that when using said Conveying principle the internal mixing of the material layer is much lower than in the previous for cooling grates used funding principles.

Die Rückhubgeschwindigkeit ist zweckmäßigerweise größer als die Vorhubgeschwindigkeit, weil lediglich der Vorhub eine effektive Förderung verursacht. Ein wichtiges Merkmal kann die Verwendung einer Rückhubbeschleunigung sein, die größer als die Vorhubbeschleunigung ist. Je größer nämlich die Rückhubbeschleunigung ist, um so leichter löst sich die Haftung zwischen der Tragplatte und dem Gutbett und um so geringer ist die Staukraft, die am Aufgabeende der Gutschicht zum Festhalten derselben aufgebracht werden muß. Jedoch soll in der Regel die Rückhubbeschleunigung stets unter der Haftlösungsbeschleunigung bleiben, weil andernfalls die Gefahr besteht, daß durch heftige Bewegung die Gutschicht aufgelockert und innerlich durchmischt wird. Die Haftlösungsbeschleunigung ist diejenige Beschleunigung, bei welcher die zur Rückbeschleunigung der Gutschicht erforderliche Kraft größer als die Haftreibung wird und demzufolge die Schicht der Rückbewegung nicht mehr folgt. Dennoch kann der Masseneffekt zur Lösung der Haftung zwischen Gut und Tragplatte beim Rückhub beitragen. Beispielsweise kann es zweckmäßig sein, die Rückhubbeschleunigung bis über ein Drittel der Haftlösungsbeschleunigung anzuheben.The return stroke is expediently greater than the Vorhubgeschwindigkeit, because only the Vorhub an effective Promotion caused. An important feature is the Use a return stroke acceleration greater than is the Vorhubbeschleunigung. The greater the return stroke acceleration The easier it is to break the adhesion between the support plate and the good bed and the smaller the accumulation force, which at the end of the task to hold the good layer the same must be applied. However, usually should the return stroke acceleration always under the adhesion solution acceleration remain, otherwise there is a risk that loosened by violent movement, the layer of good and is internally mixed. The adhesive solution acceleration is the acceleration at which the acceleration to the rear the good layer required force greater than the static friction and consequently the layer of return movement no longer follows. Nevertheless, the mass effect can be the solution the adhesion between good and support plate contribute to the return stroke. For example, it may be appropriate to the Rückhubbeschleunigung to over one third of the acceleration of the detention solution to raise.

Zweckmäßigerweise läßt man das Behandlungsgas den Rost und die Gutschicht von unten nach oben durchströmen, weil dadurch die Haftlösung erleichtert wird. Zum einen vermindert sich die Auflagekraft des Gutbetts entsprechend der Druckdifferenz des Gasstroms. Zum anderen kann der Gasstrom beim Übertritt aus der Tragplatte in das Gutbett eine gewisse Lockerung der Grenzschicht bewirken. Da die Erleichterung der Haftlösung während der Rückbeschleunigungsphase erwünscht ist, kann es vorteilhaft sein, die Geschwindigkeit bzw. den Druck des Behandlungsgases während der Rückbeschleunigung und/oder während des gesamten Rückhubs größer zu halten als während des Vorhubs.Conveniently, the treatment gas is allowed to rust and flow through the material layer from bottom to top, because it the detention solution is facilitated. For one thing, it diminishes the bearing force of the good bed according to the pressure difference of the gas stream. On the other hand, the gas flow at the crossing from the support plate in the good bed a certain relaxation of Effect boundary layer. Because the relief of the detention solution while the re-acceleration phase is desired, it may be advantageous, the speed or the pressure of the treatment gas during the re-acceleration and / or during the total return stroke is greater than during the Advancing stroke.

Man kann die Tragplatte mit mitbewegten Seitenwänden versehen. Falls dadurch die Reibung des Guts beim Rückhub unerwünscht vergrößert wird, können sie weggelassen werden.You can provide the support plate mitbewegbewegten side walls. If this undesired the friction of the material during the return stroke can be omitted, they can be omitted.

Zweckmäßigerweise ist die Tragplatte an den Seiten gegenüber dem Gehäuse abgedichtet, um den Durchfall von Feingut weitgehend auszuschließen. Wichtig ist eine solche Abdichtung insbesondere auch dann, wenn die Behandlungsluft mit Überdruck aus stationären Kammern unterhalb des Rostes in die Öffnungen des unterseitig offenen Rostes gedrückt wird, damit an den Seitenrändern des Rostes möglichst wenig Gasverlust auftritt. Conveniently, the support plate is opposite to the sides the housing sealed to the diarrhea of fines largely excluded. Important is such a seal in particular even if the treatment air with overpressure from stationary chambers below the grate into the openings of the bottom open grate is pressed so that the Side edges of the grate as little gas loss occurs.

Entsprechende Gesichtspunkte gelten für die Abdichtung der Tragplatte an ihrem Aufgabeende bzw. Abgabeende. Die aufgabeseitige Abdichtung wird zweckmäßigerweise von einer die Tragplatte überlappenden und auf deren Oberseite gedrückten Dichtplatte gebildet. Dadurch, daß die Dichtplatte auf der Oberseite der Tragplatte im wesentlichen spaltfrei gleitet, wird der Gasdurchtritt an dieser Stelle ausgeschlossen bzw. gering gehalten. Durch eine nachgiebige Kraft, insbesondere eine Feder, kann die Dichtplatte auf die Oberseite der Tragplatte gedrückt werden. Wenn statt der Spaltfreiheit ein geringer Spalt geduldet werden kann, ist es auch möglich, die Dichtplatte fest in geringem Abstand über der Tragplatte zu montieren. Da am Aufgabeende hohe Temperaturen herrschen, ist es zweckmäßig, nicht nur die Tragplatte, sondern auch die Dichtplatte luftdurchlässig zu gestalten und mit einem Gasstrom zu beaufschlagen.Corresponding aspects apply to the sealing of the Support plate at its task end or discharge end. The task side Sealing is expediently of a the support plate overlapping and pressed on top of it Formed sealing plate. Due to the fact that the sealing plate on the Slides the top of the support plate substantially gap-free, the gas passage is excluded at this point kept low. By a yielding force, in particular a spring, the sealing plate can on top of the support plate be pressed. If instead of the gap freedom a smaller Gap can be tolerated, it is also possible that Sealing plate firmly at a short distance above the support plate assemble. Since there are high temperatures at the end of the task is It is useful, not only the support plate, but also the Seal plate permeable to air and with a gas flow to act on.

Eine Tragplatte hat - verglichen mit den Rostplatten eines Schubrostkühlers - eine sehr große Länge, nämlich mindestens mehrere Meter. Der gesamte Kühlrost kann von einer einheitlichen Tragplatte gebildet sein. Wenn Gründe vorhanden sind, die Länge einer Tragplatte zu begrenzen (beispielsweise auf die Größenordnung von 5 bis 10 m) und eine größere Gesamtlänge des Rostes erforderlich ist, kann man mehrere Tragplatten hintereinander anordnen, die entweder mit einer gemeinsamen Staueinrichtung am Aufgabeende zusammenwirken oder mit je einer besonderen zugehörigen Staueinrichtung versehen werden.A support plate has - compared to the grate plates of a Reciprocating grate - a very long length, namely at least several meters. The entire cooling grid can be of a uniform Be formed support plate. If there are reasons, limit the length of a support plate (for example, on the order of magnitude of 5 to 10 m) and a greater total length the grate is required, you can have several support plates arrange one after another, either with a common Stowage device cooperate at the end of the task or with one each be provided special associated storage device.

Die Tragplatte wird normalerweise etwa horizontal angeordnet. Je nach den Förderverhältnissen, insbesondere den Fließ- und Reibeigenschaften des Gutes, kann auch eine in Förderrichtung schwach ansteigende oder schwach fallende Anordnung gewählt werden.The support plate is normally arranged approximately horizontally. Depending on the funding conditions, especially the flow and Frictional properties of the goods, can also be one in the conveying direction weakly rising or slightly falling arrangement selected become.

Ein Vorteil der Erfindung besteht darin, daß durch die verminderte Gutsbewegung weniger Staub erzeugt und mit der Sekundärluft in den Ofen geführt wird als bei bekannten Kühlern. Dadurch kann zum einen der Ofen effektiver betrieben werden, weil die Wärmeübertragung zwischen Flamme und Brenngut nicht durch Staub reduziert wird, und sinkt zum anderen der Aufwand zur Entstaubung der Abluft.An advantage of the invention is that by the diminished Gutsbewegung generated less dust and with the secondary air in the oven is performed as in known coolers. As a result, on the one hand the furnace operated more effectively be because the heat transfer between flame and kiln not reduced by dust, and sinks to the other the effort to dedust the exhaust air.

Ein weiterer Vorteil der Erfindung besteht darin, daß die gesamte Tragfläche zur Kühlluftzufuhr und Kühlung zur Verfügung steht, während bei Schubrostkühlern und Schubbalkenkühlern prinzipbedingt einige Flächenanteile von der Kühlluftzufuhr ausgeschlossen sind.Another advantage of the invention is that the entire Support surface for cooling air supply and cooling available stands, while with sliding grate coolers and push beam coolers inherently some area shares of the cooling air supply excluded are.

Ferner besteht ein Vorteil der Erfindung darin, daß die Schichthöhe nicht der Begrenzung unterliegt, die bei herkömmlichen Kühlern zu beachten ist. Eine größere Schichtdicke begünstigt den Wärmerückgewinn.Furthermore, an advantage of the invention is that the Layer height is not subject to the limitation that with conventional Coolers to note. A larger layer thickness favors the heat recovery.

Schließlich besteht ein Vorteil der Erfindung darin, daß dank der mangelnden inneren Gutsbewegung das Entstehen flüssigkeitsähnlicher Zustände in einem Teil des Guts weniger leicht auftritt. Bei bekannten Kühlern ist diese Erscheinung deshalb gefürchtet, weil sie dazu führt, daß ein Fluß von Feingut, das sich in flüssigkeitsähnlichem Zustand befindet, einen wesentlichen Teil der Kühlerlänge praktisch ungekühlt durchschießt. Da der Abwurf des Guts von einem Drehrohrofen mit einer Korngrößenseparation verbunden ist, tritt diese Erscheinung hauptsächlich auf derjenigen Seite des Kühlers auf, auf der infolge dieser Separation mit einem größeren Feinanteil zu rechnen ist.Finally, an advantage of the invention is that thanks the lack of inner Gutsbewegung the emergence liquid-like Conditions in a part of the estate less easily occurs. In known coolers, this phenomenon is therefore dreaded, because it causes a flow of fines, which is in liquid-like state, a substantial Part of the radiator length shoots practically uncooled. As the dumping of the estate of a rotary kiln with associated with a particle size separation, this phenomenon occurs mainly on the side of the radiator, on the basis of this separation with a larger fines content is to be expected.

Darüber hinaus eröffnet der erfindungsgemäß verwendete Rost die Möglichkeit, passive oder aktive Vorkehrungen gegen das Auftreten einer solchen unerwünschten Bewegung leicht fließenden Materials zu ergreifen. Passive Vorkehrungen bestehen in Mitteln, die die Bewegung des Guts auf dem Rost in Förderrichtung hemmen, zum Beispiel von der Tragplatte hochragende Vorsprünge. Zumal solche Vorsprünge sind geeignet, die sich hauptsächlich quer zur Förderrichtung in Form von Wänden oder Leisten oder dergleichen erstrecken. Da der erwähnte Materialfluß vorwiegend im Randbereich des Rosts auftritt, können derartige Strömungshindernisse auch von der Seitenwand in das Gutbett vorspringen. Von einer unbewegten Seitenwand vorspringende Strömungshemmnisse sind insbesondere dann verwendbar, wenn sie oberhalb der normalen Schichthöhe angeordnet sind und deshalb das Durchschießen eines Materialflusses dann hindern, wenn dies auf der Oberfläche der auf der Tragplatte bereits ruhenden Schicht stattfindet.In addition, the rust used in the invention opens the possibility of passive or active precautions against the Occurrence of such unwanted movement easily flowing To seize material. Passive precautions exist in means that control the movement of the material on the grate in the conveying direction inhibit, for example, from the support plate towering Projections. Especially since such projections are suitable, which themselves mainly transverse to the conveying direction in the form of walls or Bars or the like extend. Since the mentioned material flow predominantly occurs in the edge region of the grate can Such flow obstacles also from the side wall in the Good bed project. Protruding from a stationary side wall Flow barriers are particularly useful when placed above the normal layer height are and therefore shooting through a material flow then prevent this from happening on the surface of the support plate already resting layer takes place.

Aktive Vorkehrungen können von solchen Strömungshindernissen gebildet werden, die von Fall zu Fall aus der Tragplatte oder der bewegten oder unbewegten Seitenwand aus einer inaktiven Stellung heraus in den Bereich des zu hindernden Materialstroms in eine aktive Stellung bewegt werden und danach wieder zurückgezogen werden können. Sie können auch ständig mehr oder weniger weit in die Schicht hineinragen, wobei die Weite ihres Eingriffs, d.h. ihre Höhe bzw. Länge, abhängig vom jeweiligen Zustand des Bettes gesteuert wird. Active precautions can be taken by such flow obstacles be formed from case to case from the support plate or the moving or stationary side wall from an inactive one Position out into the area of the material flow to be prevented be moved to an active position and then again can be withdrawn. You can always do more or protrude less far into the layer, with the width their intervention, i. their height or length, depending on the particular Condition of the bed is controlled.

Es ist bekannt, mittels Scannern die Oberflächentemperatur des Betts zu messen und sein Temperaturprofil zu bestimmen. Tritt in oder auf dem Bett ein rascher, heißer Materialstrom auf, so wird dies im Temperaturprofil erkennbar. Ausgehend von einer solchen Feststellung kann das Strömungshindernis bzw. können die Strömungshindernisse gesteuert werden.It is known, by means of scanners, the surface temperature of the bed and to determine its temperature profile. Occurs in or on the bed a rapid, hot stream of material This can be seen in the temperature profile. outgoing from such a finding, the flow obstacle or the flow obstacles can be controlled.

Es besteht auch die Möglichkeit, das Strömungshindernis bzw. die Hindernisse nur in denjenigen Arbeitsphasen in die Schicht hineinragen zu lassen, in denen die Schicht sich gemeinsam mit der Tragplatte bewegen soll, d.h. beim Vorhub, während sie beim Zurückbewegen der Tragplatte ganz oder teilweise zurückgezogen sind.There is also the possibility of the flow obstacle or the obstacles only in those working phases in the To protrude layer in which the layer is common to move with the support plate, i. at the way, while retracting the support plate completely or partially are withdrawn.

Wenn ein Strömungshindernis lediglich im oberen Bereich der Gutschicht wirksam werden soll, kann es auch von oben auf oder in die Schicht herabgesenkt werden.If a flow obstacle only at the top of the It can also be effective from the top up or lowered into the layer.

In denjenigen Breitenbereichen der Schicht, in denen diese einen größeren Feinanteil enthält, ist der Durchströmungswiderstand größer als in grobkörnigen Bereichen. Dies läßt sich erfindungsgemäß dadurch ausgleichen, daß der Kühler in den feinkörnigen Breitenbereichen mit einer geringeren Schichtdicke gefahren wird. Dazu kann man die Tragplatte in diesen Bereichen etwas höher anordnen als in den grobkörnigen Bereichen. Da die feinkörnigen Bereiche im allgemeinen am Rand liegen, ergibt sich dadurch im Querprofil der Tragplatte eine Neigung von der feinkörniger besetzten Seite zur Mitte hin. Wenn aufgrund der Separation des Guts im Aufgabebereich des Kühlers an beiden Rosträndern mit größerem Feingutanteil gerechnet werden muß, läßt man die Tragplattenhöhe von beiden Seiten her V-förmig zur Mitte hin abfallen. Wenn der Feingutanteil nur oder überwiegend an einem der beiden Ränder auftritt, genügt eine entsprechend unsymmetrische Neigung.In those width ranges of the layer in which these contains a larger fines, is the flow resistance larger than in coarse grained areas. This can be compensate in accordance with the invention that the cooler in the fine-grained width ranges with a smaller layer thickness is driven. You can do this the support plate in these Arrange areas slightly higher than in the coarse-grained areas. Because the fine-grained areas are generally at the edge lie, this results in the transverse profile of the support plate a Slope from the fine grained occupied side towards the middle. If due to the separation of the material in the task area of the Cooler calculated on both edges of rust with a larger proportion of fines must be, you leave the support plate height of both Side down in a V-shape towards the middle. If the fines content only or predominantly on one of the two edges occurs, a correspondingly asymmetrical inclination is sufficient.

Das Merkmal, daß der Förderrost in seiner Gesamtheit vor- und zurückbewegt wird, drückt den Unterschied gegenüber Schubrosten aus. Es soll aber nicht ausschließen, daß der erfindungsgemäß gestaltete Rost nur ein Rostabschnitt einer größeren Rostanlage ist, die vor oder nach dem erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Abschnitt noch weitere, anders ausgebildete Rostabschnitte umfaßt.The feature that the conveyor grate in its entirety and is moved back, expresses the difference to pushrods out. However, it should not be ruled out that the invention designed rust only a rust section of a larger one Grate is before or after the invention trained section even more, differently formed Includes grate sections.

Der zuverlässige Förderbetrieb hängt davon ab, daß das Gutbett während des Vorhubs der Tragplatte von dieser mitgenommen wird und die Tragplatte während des Rückhubs unter dem Gutbett gleitet. Die Mitnahme des Gutbetts beim Vorhub wird durch die Reibung zwischen Gutbett und Tragplatte bewirkt. Das Gleiten der Tragplatte relativ zum Gutbett während des Rückhubs hängt davon ab, daß der Reibschluß zwischen dem Gutbett und der Tragplatte durch gegenwirkende Kräfte überwunden wird. Zu diesen gegenwirkenden Kräften gehört in erster Linie der Stauwiderstand, den die am Aufgabeende im Bereich der Gutschicht angeordnete Staueinrichtung ausübt. Es kann zweckmäßig sein, weitere Einrichtungen vorzusehen, die ebenfalls einen Widerstand auf die Gutschicht ausüben, wenn die Tragplatte sich zurückbewegt, oder die in dieser Bewegungsphase den Reibschluß zwischen dem Gutbett und der Tragplatte herabsetzen. Insbesondere kann eine Einrichtung zum Erhöhen des in der Tragplatte bzw. von der Unterseite her auf die Gutschicht wirkenden Gasdrucks beim Rückhub im Vergleich zum Vorhub vorgesehen sein. Die reibungserzeugende Kraft, mit der das Gutbett auf der Tragplatte aufliegt, wird dann beim Rückhub entsprechend der Druckdifferenz vermindert. Außerdem vermindert eine kräftige Gasbeaufschlagung während des Rückhubs den Reibungskoeffizienten zwischen dem Gut und der Tragplatte.The reliable conveying operation depends on the fact that the good bed taken during the Vorhubs the support plate of this is and the support plate during the return stroke under the Good bed slides. The entrainment of the Gutbettts the Vorhub becomes caused by the friction between the good bed and the support plate. The sliding of the support plate relative to the bed of good during the Return strokes depend on the frictional engagement between the good bed and the support plate overcome by opposing forces becomes. Among these counteracting forces belongs primarily the congestion resistance, the at the end of the task in the field of Gutschicht arranged accumulation device exerts. It may be appropriate be to provide other facilities as well exert a resistance to the material layer when the support plate moving back, or in this phase of movement reduce the frictional engagement between the bed of good and the support plate. In particular, means for increasing the in the support plate or from the bottom on the material layer acting gas pressure during the return stroke compared to the forward stroke provided be. The friction-generating force with which the good bed rests on the support plate, then during the return stroke accordingly the pressure difference is reduced. Also diminished a strong gas supply during the return stroke the coefficient of friction between the good and the support plate.

Ferner sieht die Erfindung die Möglichkeit vor, mit der Tragplatte verbundene Glieder vorzusehen, die beim Rückhub weniger (vorzugsweise überhaupt nicht) und beim Vorhub stärker in das Gutbett eingreifen. Der Bewegungswiderstand, den das Gutbett beim Rückhub vorfindet, kann auch dadurch gesteigert werden, daß die Tragplatte mit das Gutbett eingrenzenden Seitenwänden versehen ist, deren lichter Abstand in Förderrichtung sich vergrößert bzw. in der Gegenrichtung sich verengt. Wenn diese Seitenwände mit der Tragplatte verbunden sind, verringern sie den Reibschluß zwischen dem Gutbett und den Wänden während des Rückhubs der Tragplatte.Furthermore, the invention provides the possibility, with the support plate To provide connected members, the less on the return stroke (preferably not at all) and at the forward stroke stronger in intervene the good bed. The resistance to movement, the good bed on the return stroke can also be increased be that the support plate with the Gutbett narrowing side walls is provided whose clear distance in the conveying direction increases or narrows in the opposite direction. If these side walls are connected to the support plate, reduce the frictional engagement between the good bed and the Walls during the return stroke of the support plate.

Es können auch Einrichtungen vorgesehen sein, die den Reibschluß zwischen dem Gutbett und stationären Teilen der Vorrichtung während des Rückhubs im Vergleich zum Vorhub vergrößern. Dazu gehören mit der feststehenden Struktur der Vorrichtung verbundene, beim Rückhub stärker und beim Vorhub weniger (vorzugsweise überhaupt nicht) in das Gutbett eingreifende Halteglieder. Auch kann ein das Gutbett eingrenzendes, stationäres Paar von Seitenwänden vorgesehen sein, deren lichter Abstand sich in Förderrichtung vergrößert. Sollte das Gutbett die Neigung zeigen, sich gemeinsam mit der Tragplatte beim Rückhub zu bewegen, so würde die zunehmende Einengung durch die Seitenwände zu einem erhöhten Reibwiderstand führen. Schließlich können innerhalb des Gutbetts gelegene, stationäre Einrichtungen vorgesehen sein, die vorzugsweise der in Förderrichtung verlaufenden Gutbewegung einen geringeren Widerstand entgegensetzen als der Bewegung in der Gegenrichtung. It can also be provided facilities that the frictional engagement between the good bed and stationary parts of the device during the return stroke compared to the forward stroke increase. These include the fixed structure of the device connected, stronger on the return stroke and less on the first stroke (preferably not at all) engaging in the good bed Retaining members. Also, a good bed limiting, be provided stationary pair of side walls, whose clear distance increases in the conveying direction. should that Good bed showing the inclination, together with the support plate on the return stroke, so would the increasing constriction through the side walls lead to increased frictional resistance. Finally, stationary can be located within the Gutbettts Be provided facilities, preferably the in the conveying direction extending good movement a smaller Oppose resistance than the movement in the opposite direction.

Wenn das Gut der Vorrichtung ungleichmäßig über die Zeit zugeführt wird, wie dies beispielsweise bei Kühlern für Brenngut der Fall ist, denen das Gut von einem Brennofen zugeführt wird, kann sich auf der Tragplatte eine unterschiedliche Schichthöhe einstellen. Dem kann man durch eine Variation der Fördergeschwindigkeit (Hubfrequenz, Hubamplitude) entgegenwirken. Statt dessen oder zusätzlich sieht die Erfindung die Möglichkeit vor, einen Schichthöhenbegrenzer einzusetzen. Das ist eine Wand, die am Anfang des Förderers oberhalb der Tragplatte angeordnet ist und deren Unterkante einen Abstand von der Tragplatte hat, der der gewünschten Dicke des Gutbetts entspricht.When the goods are fed to the device unevenly over time becomes, as for example with radiators for kiln the case is that the goods are fed from a kiln can be on the support plate a different Adjust layer height. One can by a variation of the Counteract conveying speed (stroke frequency, stroke amplitude). Instead or in addition, the invention provides the Possibility to use a Schichthöhenbegrenzer. The is a wall at the beginning of the conveyor above the support plate is arranged and whose lower edge a distance from the support plate has, the desired thickness of the Gutbettts equivalent.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden näher unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung erläutert, die vorteilhafte Ausführungsbeispiele veranschaulicht. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Seitenansicht,
Fig. 2
eine Teilansicht in größerem Maßstab,
Fig. 3
einen Teilschnitt der Seitenabdichtung,
Fig. 4
eine Ausführung mit mehreren hintereinander geschalteten Tragplatten,
Fig. 5
einen schematischen Längsschnitt einer Ausführungsvariante bei der die Tragplatte mit Querrippen versehen ist,
Fig. 6
einen schematischen Längs-Vertikalschnitt,
Fig. 7
einen schematischen Horizontalschnitt und
Fig. 8
eine weitere Ausführungsvariante im Längsschnitt.
The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing, which illustrates advantageous embodiments. Show it:
Fig. 1
a schematic side view,
Fig. 2
a partial view on a larger scale,
Fig. 3
a partial section of the side seal,
Fig. 4
an embodiment with several successive support plates,
Fig. 5
a schematic longitudinal section of an embodiment variant in which the support plate is provided with transverse ribs,
Fig. 6
a schematic longitudinal vertical section,
Fig. 7
a schematic horizontal section and
Fig. 8
a further embodiment in longitudinal section.

Der in einem Gehäuse 1 angeordnete Kühler für Brenngut, z.B. Zementklinker, umfaßt einen erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Abschnitt 6. Diesem ist im dargestellten Fall ein Einlaufabschnitt vorgeschaltet, der sich unterhalb des durch seine wände 3 angedeuteten Schachts befindet, in welchem das vom Ofen kommende Gut im Sinne des Pfeils 4 abgeworfen wird. Es gelangt auf eine Böschung 5, die sich auf der vorzugsweise geneigten Fläche 2 des Einlaufabschnitts bildet. Die Fläche 2 kann herkömmlich ausgebildet sein, z.B. aus mit Kühlluft beaufschlagten, stationären oder teilweise bewegten Rostplatten bestehen. Es können Einrichtungen zum mechanischen Auflockern des Guts vorgesehen sein, die dem Zusammenbacken des Guts entgegenwirken oder größere Stücke zerkleinern. Die Neigung der Fläche 2 ist zweckmäßigerweise so gewählt, daß einerseits auf ihr kühles Gut liegenbleibt, das sie vor dem unmittelbaren Einfluß des heiß vom Ofen kommenden Guts schützt, und daß andererseits größere Stücke des Guts aufgrund ihres Gefälles sich weiterbewegen.The cooler for kiln, which is arranged in a housing 1, e.g. Cement clinker comprises a section designed according to the invention 6. This is an inlet section in the case shown upstream, which is below the through his 3 indicated shaft, in which the of Oven coming Good in the sense of arrow 4 is dropped. It reaches an embankment 5, located on the preferably inclined surface 2 of the inlet section forms. The area 2 may be conventional, e.g. from exposed to cooling air, stationary or partially moving grate plates consist. There may be facilities for mechanical loosening Good, which is the caking of the good counteract or crush larger pieces. The inclination the surface 2 is suitably chosen so that on the one hand lingers on her cool good, which she before the immediate Influence of the hot coming from the furnace property protects, and that on the other hand, larger pieces of property due to their gradient to move on.

Statt der geneigten Fläche 2 können anders ausgebildete Einrichtungen zum Aufnehmen und Weiterführen des vom Ofen abgeworfenen Guts vorgesehen sein, wie sie beispielsweise vor Schubrostkühlern im Stand der Technik bekannt sind. Sie können auch gänzlich fehlen; d.h. daß der Kühlerabschnitt 6 bis in den Bereich des Abwurfrichtungspfeiles 4 zurückreicht. Dies ist deshalb ohne weiteres möglich, weil er aufgrund seines Förderprinzips sich niemals gänzlich entleert und sich deshalb in jedem Betriebszustand, auch beim Anfahren aus dem Stillstand, eine schützende Gutschicht darauf befindet.Instead of the inclined surface 2 differently configured facilities for picking up and resuming the discarded from the oven Guts be provided, as for example, before Reciprocating coolers are known in the art. You can also completely missing; i.e. that the cooler section 6 to goes back in the area of the discharge direction arrow 4. This is therefore without Another possible, because he himself due to its promotion principle never completely emptied and therefore in any operating condition, even when starting from a standstill, a protective Good layer is located on it.

Der Kühlerabschnitt 6 wird hauptsächlich von einer Tragplatte 10 gebildet. Diese besteht beispielsweise aus einem Rahmenwerk 11 mit aufgelegten, aneinander anschließenden Blechtafeln 12, die mit einer Hartschicht 13 als Verschleißschutz belegt sein können. Die Tragplatte ruht auf einem Schwingrahmen 14, der auf Rollen 15 in der Förderrichtung 16 beweglich gelagert ist. Ein Hydraulikantrieb 17 versetzt ihn in hinund hergehende Bewegung, vorzugsweise mit einer Amplitude von 10 bis 80 cm, weiter vorzugsweise von 30 bis 50 cm, und einer Frequenz von normalerweise 5 bis 10 min-1, die zweckmäßigerweise abhängig von der Dicke des auf der Tragplatte 10 befindlichen Gutbetts 20 geregelt wird und bei anomal starkem Gutanfall bis beispielsweise 30 min-1 steigen kann. Die Schichtdicke des Guts beträgt beispielsweise 50 bis 200 cm.The radiator section 6 is mainly formed by a support plate 10. This consists for example of a framework 11 with applied, adjoining metal sheets 12, which may be covered with a hard layer 13 as wear protection. The support plate rests on a swing frame 14 which is movably mounted on rollers 15 in the conveying direction 16. A hydraulic drive 17 puts it in reciprocating motion, preferably with an amplitude of 10 to 80 cm, more preferably 30 to 50 cm, and a frequency of normally 5 to 10 min -1 , which is expediently dependent on the thickness of the support plate 10 located Gutbettts 20 is regulated and can rise in abnormally strong Gutanfall until, for example, 30 min -1 . The layer thickness of the Guts is for example 50 to 200 cm.

Die Blechtafeln 12 der Tragplatte 10 enthalten gleichmäßig verteilte Luftdurchlaßschlitze 21, die nach den von Rostplatten bekannten Grundsätzen gestaltet sein können (s. beispielsweise EP-A-811 818). Sie können mit Taschen 22 zum Auffangen des bei abgeschaltetem Luftstrom durchfallenden Feinguts versehen sein, das bei dem danach wieder aufgenommenen Betrieb vom Luftstrom mitgenommen und in die Gutschicht zurückgeführt wird.The metal sheets 12 of the support plate 10 contain evenly distributed Luftdurchlaßschlitze 21, after the grate plates known principles can be designed (see, for example EP-A-811 818). You can use bags 22 to catch of fines blown off when the air flow is shut off be included in the then resumed Operation entrained by the air flow and returned to the material layer becomes.

Im dargestellten Beispiel ist angenommen, daß die Kammern 23 unter der Tragplatte 10 durch ein Gebläse 35 mit Überdruck beaufschlagt sind, so daß sich ein von unten nach oben gerichteter Luftstrom durch die Öffnungen 21 ergibt. Die Tragplatte 10 kann aber auch als Deckplatte eines geschlossenen Kastens ausgebildet sein, wobei die Kühlluft durch flexible Schläuche oder dergleichen dem Kasteninnenraum zugeführt wird. Wie es von Schubrosten bekannt ist, können einzelne Abschnitte der Tragplatte 10 gesondert und gegebenenfalls mit unterschiedlichem Druck beaufschlagt werden.In the example shown, it is assumed that the chambers 23 under the support plate 10 by a fan 35 with overpressure are acted upon, so that a directed from bottom to top Air flow through the openings 21 results. The support plate 10 can also be used as a cover plate of a closed Be formed box, the cooling air by flexible Hoses or the like supplied to the box interior becomes. As it is known by Schubrosten, individual sections the support plate 10 separately and optionally with be subjected to different pressure.

Die Seitenkanten der Tragplatte 10 sind gegenüber der angrenzenden Gehäusewand 25 gemäß Fig. 3 durch eine nicht näher dargestellte Dichtung 26 abgedichtet. Dies verhindert den Durchfall von Feingut und gegebenenfalls den Durchtritt von Kühlluft.The side edges of the support plate 10 are opposite the adjacent Housing wall 25 of FIG. 3 by a not closer illustrated seal 26 sealed. This prevents the Diarrhea of fines and, if necessary, the passage of Cooling air.

Am aufgabeseitigen Ende der Tragplatte 10 ist im Höhenbereich der Gutschicht 20 eine Stauplatte 30 angeordnet. Sie kann kurz vor der Tragplatte oder über dieser vorgesehen sein. Die Tragplatte nimmt während ihres Vorhubs das auf ihr liegende Gut mit. Dabei entsteht am Fuß der Böschung 5 eine Lücke in der Gutschicht 20, die sich sofort mit dem aus der Böschung 5 nachfließenden Gut füllt. Beim Rückhub haftet die Gutschicht 20 zunächst noch an der Tragplatte, bis sie sich an der Stauplatte 30 staut. Sobald die Staukraft die Reibkraft zwischen Gutschicht 20 und Tragplatte 10 übersteigt, bleibt die Gutschicht stehen, während die Tragplatte 10 sich unter ihr weiter zurückbewegt. Damit die Staueinrichtung diese Funktion erfüllen kann, muß sie nicht unbedingt Plattenform haben. Es ist auch nicht erforderlich, daß die Staueinrichtung sich unmittelbar am Aufgabeende der Tragplatte befindet, wenngleich dies vorteilhaft ist. Vielmehr kann der Staudruck auch durch die bis auf das Niveau der Tragplatte herabgehende Böschung 5 zu einer weiter entfernt von der Tragplatte 10 liegenden Kraftaufnahmefläche weitergeleitet werden. Diese Kraftaufnahmefläche kann beispielsweise von der Fläche 2 oder Wand 3 gebildet sein, die dann entsprechend tief herabgezogen sind.At the task-side end of the support plate 10 is in the height range the Gutschicht 20 a baffle plate 30 is arranged. she can just before the support plate or be provided over this. The Support plate takes during her Vorhubs lying on her Good with. This creates at the foot of the slope 5 a gap in the Goodschicht 20, which immediately with the out of the embankment. 5 replenishing good fills. During the return stroke, the material layer adheres 20 first on the support plate until it is on the baffle plate 30 jams. Once the jamming force between the friction Good layer 20 and support plate 10 exceeds, the material layer remains stand while the support plate 10 continues under it moved back. So that the stowage facility this function does not necessarily have to have a plate shape. It It is also not necessary that the storage device be immediate located at the end of the support plate, although this is advantageous. Rather, the dynamic pressure can also by the down to the level of the support plate embankment. 5 to a farther from the support plate 10 lying Power receiving surface to be forwarded. This force receiving surface can for example be formed by the surface 2 or wall 3 be, which are then pulled down accordingly deep.

Um das bewegte Aufgabeende der Tragplatte 10 gegenüber den stationären Komponenten abzudichten, ist eine Dichtplatte 32 vorgesehen, deren in Förderrichtung 16 weisendes Ende auf der Oberseite der Tragplatte 10 aufliegt. Das andere Ende der Dichtplatte 32 ist bei 33 schwenkbar gelagert und in nicht dargestellter weise dicht mit der Stauplatte 30 verbunden. To the moving task end of the support plate 10 against the To seal stationary components, is a sealing plate 32nd provided, whose pointing in the conveying direction 16 end on the Top of the support plate 10 rests. The other end of the Sealing plate 32 is pivotally mounted at 33 and not in illustrated wise tightly connected to the baffle plate 30.

Über einen Hebelarm drückt eine Feder 34 die Dichtplatte 30 im wesentlichen spaltfrei auf die Tragplatte 10.Via a lever arm, a spring 34 presses the sealing plate 30 essentially gap-free on the support plate 10th

Das abgabeseitige Ende der Tragplatte 10 ist zweckmäßigerweise ebenfalls gegen die stationären Einrichtungen abgedichtet, beispielsweise durch einen sich spaltfrei an die Tragplattenunterseite anlegenden, nicht dargestellten Federstahlstreifen.The discharge-side end of the support plate 10 is suitably also sealed against the stationary equipment, for example, by a gap-free to the support plate underside applying, not shown spring steel strip.

Das von unten nach oben erfolgende Einblasen von Luft in die Gutschicht 20 reduziert durch ihren Gegendruck den Auflagerdruck der Gutschicht und lockert ihren untersten Bereich ein wenig auf. Die Reibung zwischen der Gutschicht und der Tragplatte ist daher geringer als bei Schubwagenspeisern, und die Förderlänge kann entsprechend größer sein. Ferner kann die Umkehrbeschleunigung am Übergang vom Vor- zum Rückhub benutzt werden, um die Lösung des an der Tragplatte haftenden Guts zu erleichtern.The bottom up blowing of air into the Good layer 20 reduces the bearing pressure due to its back pressure the soil layer and relaxes its lowest area little on. The friction between the material layer and the support plate is therefore lower than for pushcarriages, and the Conveyor length can be correspondingly larger. Furthermore, the Reverse acceleration used at the transition from forward to return stroke be to the solution of adhering to the support plate Good facilitate.

Die Oberfläche der Tragplatte gestaltet man zweckmäßigerweise so, daß eine möglichst geringe Reibung gegenüber dem Gut erzielt wird. Jedoch kann es insbesondere im Anfangsbereich der Tragplatte sinnvoll sein, eine Oberflächenform zu wählen, die dazu führt, daß kühles Gut als Schutzschicht unter dem darüber liegenden heißen Gut festgehalten wird. Beispielsweise ist gemäß Fig. 5 die Tragplatte 10' zu diesem Zweck mit Querrippen 18 versehen, deren Höhe zweckmäßigerweise zwischen 5 und 15 cm liegt und deren Abstand in Richtung 16 beispielsweise zwischen 10 und 30 cm liegt. Er sollte die Vorschublänge nicht wesentlich überschreiten und ist vorzugsweise geringer als diese. Die Wirkung der Querrippen besteht darin, daß in den Mulden, die zwischen den Rippen gebildet sind, Gut festgehalten wird, daß die Tragplatte vor der unmittelbaren Einwirkung heißen Guts und vor Verschleiß schützt. Derartige Einrichtungen zum Festhalten einer kühlen Gutsschicht brauchen nicht die gesamte Fläche der Tragplatte zu bedecken, sondern können auf diejenigen Bereiche beschränkt sein, in denen andernfalls mit besonders hoher Beanspruchung der Tragplatte gerechnet werden müßte. Sie können auch andere Gestalt haben, sofern diese zum Festhalten des Guts geeignet ist.The surface of the support plate is designed appropriately so that the lowest possible friction against the good becomes. However, it may be especially in the beginning of the Support plate should be useful to choose a surface shape that This causes that cool material as a protective layer under the above lying hot good is held. For example is the support plate 10 'shown in FIG. 5 with transverse ribs for this purpose 18 provided whose height is suitably between 5 and 15 cm and their distance in the direction of 16, for example between 10 and 30 cm. He should be the feed length not significantly exceed and is preferably lower as this. The effect of the transverse ribs is that Good in the hollows formed between the ribs is noted that the support plate before the immediate Exposure to hot material and protects against wear. such Need to hold a cool Gutsschicht not to cover the entire surface of the support plate, but can be confined to those areas in otherwise with particularly high stress on the support plate would have to be expected. You can also change shape provided that it is suitable for holding the property.

Wenn eine sehr große Kühlerlänge erforderlich ist, die mit einer Tragplattenlänge nicht bewältigt werden kann, kann man mehrere Tragplatten 10 oder Gruppen solcher Tragplatten mit jeweils zugeordneten Staueinrichtungen 30 gemäß dem Beispiel der Fig. 4 hintereinander schalten.If a very long radiator length is required with the a Tragplattenlänge can not be mastered, you can several support plates 10 or groups of such support plates with respectively associated with stowage devices 30 according to the example of Fig. 4 switch one behind the other.

Falls die Partikeln wegen der fehlenden internen Gutbewegung zu einer stärkeren Haftung aneinander neigen, die den Zusammenhalt des Gutbetts in seiner jeweiligen Form unterstützt, ist dies im Zusammenhang der Erfindung vorteilhaft, weil dies die Gefahr verringert, daß das Gutbett im Anfangsbereich der Tragplatte unter dem beim Rückhub darauf wirkenden Staudruck ausweicht.If the particles because of the lack of internal Gutbewegung tend to a greater adhesion to each other, the cohesion of the bed of soil in its respective form, this is advantageous in the context of the invention, because this reduces the risk that the good bed in the beginning of the Support plate under the back pressure acting on the return stroke dodging.

Ein wesentlicher Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Kühlers besteht darin, daß das Gut geschont wird. Er eignet sich deshalb auch für empfindliches Gut wie z.B. Blähton. Ferner hat er den Vorteil, daß leichter als in Rostbauarten, in denen eine interne Gutbewegung stattfindet, eine gleichmäßige Luftverteilung erreicht werden kann.A significant advantage of the cooler according to the invention exists in that the estate is spared. He is therefore suitable also for sensitive goods such as Expanded clay. Further has he has the advantage that lighter than in rust types, in which an internal Gutbewegung takes place, a uniform air distribution can be achieved.

Die Druckluftversorgung mittels des Gebläses 35 zu der Kammer 23 ist so gesteuert, daß der Druck während des Rückhubs größer ist als während des Vorhubs. Dadurch wird die Reibung des Gutbetts 20 an der Tragplatte 20 verringert. Es ist ein geringerer Energieaufwand notwendig, um die Tragplatte unter dem Gutbett 20 zurückzuziehen.The compressed air supply by means of the blower 35 to the chamber 23 is controlled so that the pressure during the return stroke is greater than during the Advancing stroke. Thereby, the friction of the crop bed 20 at the Support plate 20 reduced. It is a lower energy consumption necessary to retract the support plate under the bed 20.

Das Zurückbleiben des Gutbetts gegenüber der sich zurückbewegenden Tragplatte kann auch dadurch gefördert werden, daß das Gutbett seitlich durch stationäre Wände 36 eingefaßt ist, deren Innenflächen um einen Winkel 37 gegenüber der Bewegungsrichtung der Tragplatte 10 gegensinnig derart geneigt sind, daß sich ihr Abstand in Förderrichtung erweitert. Sollte das Gutbett 20 dazu neigen, der Tragplatte bei der Rückbewegung zu folgen, so wird es durch die Innenflächen der Wände 36 zunehmend eingeengt, wodurch zusätzlich zu dem Stauwiderstand der Stirnfläche 30 eine rückhaltende Kraft auf das Gutbett 20 ausgeübt wird. Wenn die Wände 36 mit der Tragplatte verbunden sind und sich mit dieser bewegen, verstärken die Wände den Reibschluß mit dem Gut während des Vorhubs.The lagging of the good bed compared to the retreating Support plate can also be promoted by the Good bed is bordered laterally by stationary walls 36 whose Inner surfaces by an angle 37 with respect to the direction of movement the support plate 10 are inclined in opposite directions, that their distance widens in the conveying direction. should that Good bed 20 tend to the support plate during the return movement to follow, it is through the inner surfaces of the walls 36 is increasing concentrated, which in addition to the congestion resistance the end face 30 a restraining force on the good bed 20th is exercised. When the walls 36 are connected to the support plate and move with it, the walls reinforce it Friction with the good during the Vorhubs.

Statt oder zusätzlich zu dieser Neigung können in den Wänden 36 oder in anderen stationären Strukturen der Vorrichtung Rückhalteeinrichtungen 38 vorgesehen sein, von denen lediglich eine in Fig. 7 angedeutet ist. Dabei handelt es sich um Schieber oder Klappen oder dergleichen, die mittels eines Antriebs 39 derart gesteuert sind, daß sie während des Rückhubs der Tragplatte 10 in das Gutbett 20 hineinragen, um dieses festzuhalten, während sie während des Vorhubs der Tragplatte 10 zurückgezogen sind. Derartige Rückhalteeinrichtungen können auch von oben oder durch die Tragplatte 10 hindurch von unten auf das Gutbett 20 einwirken. Instead of or in addition to this tendency can be in the walls 36 or in other stationary structures of the device Retaining devices 38 may be provided, of which only one indicated in Fig. 7. It refers to Sliders or flaps or the like, by means of a drive 39 are controlled so that they during the return stroke the support plate 10 protrude into the bed 20 to this while holding the support plate during the forward stroke 10 are withdrawn. Such retention devices can also from above or through the support plate 10 through act down on the good bed 20.

In Fig. 6 ist angedeutet, daß eine ähnliche Rückhalteeinrichtung 40 mit Antrieb 41 in der Tragplatte angeordnet ist. Sie bewegt sich mit der Tragplatte vor und zurück. Während des Vorhubs der Tragplatte ragt die Rückhalteeinrichtung 40 in das Gutbett hinein, um es mit der Tragplatte mitzunehmen. Beim Rückhub der Tragplatte ist sie aus dem Gutbett zurückgezogen, um die Relativbewegung zwischen Gutbett und Tragplatte nicht zu behindern. Von den Rückhalteeinrichtungen 38, 40 kann eine große Zahl in geeigneter Weise entlang dem Lauf des Gutbetts verteilt angeordnet sein.In Fig. 6 it is indicated that a similar retainer 40 is arranged with drive 41 in the support plate. she moves back and forth with the support plate. During the Vorhubs the support plate protrudes the retainer 40 in the good bed in to take it with the support plate. On the return stroke of the support plate, it is withdrawn from the Gutbett, about the relative movement between the good bed and the support plate not to hinder. Of the retainers 38, 40 can take a large number appropriately along the course of the Gutbettts be distributed.

Gemäß Fig.8 sind oberhalb der Tragplatte 10 quer verlaufende, stationäre Balken 45 vorgesehen, die eine Rückbewegung des Gutbetts zusammen mit der Tragplatte 10 während deren Rückhubs hemmen. Ihr Querschnitt ist vorzugsweise so gewählt, daß die Hemmung der Gutbewegung in der Rückrichtung stärker ist als in der Förderrichtung. Im dargestellten Beispiel haben sie dafür eine dreieckige Gestalt mit entgegen der Förderrichtung weisender Spitze und sind sie mit geringem Abstand oberhalb der Tragplatte 10 angeordnet.8, transverse to the support plate 10, stationary beam 45 is provided which a return movement of the Gutbedts together with the support plate 10 during their return stroke inhibit. Its cross section is preferably chosen so that the inhibition of the good movement in the return direction is stronger as in the conveying direction. In the example shown have they have a triangular shape in the opposite direction pointing tip and they are at close range arranged above the support plate 10.

Fig. 6 veranschaulicht einen Schichthöhenbegrenzer 42, der als feststehende oder höhenverstellbare Wand in dem Kühlergehäuse 1 angeordnet ist. Seine Unterkante 43 bestimmt die maximale Höhe des Gutbetts 20. In Förderrichtung vor der Wand 42 ist ein Pufferraum gebildet, in welchem die Böschung 5 bei vorübergehend stärkerem Gutanfall ein Puffervolumen bildet.FIG. 6 illustrates a layer height limiter 42 which as a fixed or height-adjustable wall in the radiator housing 1 is arranged. Its lower edge 43 determines the maximum Height of the crop bed 20. Towards the wall 42, a buffer space is formed in which the slope 5 at temporarily builds up a buffer volume.

Der Abstand der als Schichthöbenbegrenzer dienenden Wand 42 von der Stauplatte 30 sollte kleiner sein als die Höhe der Unterkante 43 der Wand 42 über der Tragplatte 10.The distance of serving as Schichthöbenbegrenzer wall 42 of the baffle plate 30 should be smaller be as the height of the lower edge 43 of the wall 42 above the Support plate 10.

Claims (37)

  1. A method of treating, in particular cooling, a layer of bulk material (20) situated on a conveyor grate (10) by means of a gas flow directed through the grate and the layer of material, characterised in that the entire conveyor grate (10), which is formed by a carrier plate of at least several metres in length, is moved in reciprocating movement, wherein the layer of material (20) is retained during the return stroke so that the conveyor grate (10) slides back under the layer of material (20) and the stroke frequency is lower than 20 min-1 so that substantially no vertical intermixing of the layer of material takes place.
  2. A method according to Claim 1, characterised in that the return stroke velocity is higher than the forward stroke velocity.
  3. A method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in the return stroke acceleration is higher than the forward stroke acceleration.
  4. A method according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the return stroke acceleration is lower than the debonding separation acceleration.
  5. A method according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the return stroke acceleration exceeds one third of the debonding separation acceleration.
  6. A method according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the gas flow is directed from the bottom upwards.
  7. A method according to Claim 6, characterised in that the gas velocity or the pressure acting on the grate during the return stroke acceleration is higher than during the forwards stroke.
  8. An apparatus for treating, in particular cooling, bulk material with a gas, which has a grate (10) which conveys a layer (20) of the bulk material from a feed end to an output end and which has gas-throughflow openings and is connected with means for creating a gas flow passing through the grate (10) and the layer of material (20), characterised in that the grate (10) is formed by a carrier plate (10) which is moved in its entirety in a reciprocating movement and which is of several metres in length, and at its feed end a device (30) is provided for accumulating the layer of material during the return movement of the carrier plate (10) sliding back under the layer of material (20).
  9. An apparatus according to Claim 8, characterised in that the accumulating device is formed by a stationary retaining surface (30).
  10. An apparatus according to Claim 8 or 9, characterised in that the carrier plate (10) is sealed at the sides with respect to a housing (25).
  11. An apparatus according to any one of Claims 8 to 10, characterised in that the carrier plate (10) is provided with side walls moving therewith.
  12. An apparatus according to any one of Claims 8 to 10, characterised in that the carrier plate (10) is free of side walls moving therewith.
  13. An apparatus according to any one of Claims 8 to 12, characterised in that at the feed end and/or output end the carrier plate (10) is sealed with respect to stationary components.
  14. An apparatus according to Claim 13, characterised in that the seal provided at the feed end is formed by a sealing plate (32) overlapping the carrier plate (10) and pressed resilient on to its upper side.
  15. An apparatus according to Claim 14, characterised in that the sealing plate (32) is air-permeable is acted upon by a gas flow.
  16. An apparatus according to any one of Claims 8 to 15, characterised in that the gas flow is directed from the bottom upwards.
  17. An apparatus according to any one of Claims 8 to 16, characterised in that a plurality of carrier plates (10) are provided each having a common accumulator device (30) at the feed end.
  18. An apparatus according to any one of Claims 8 to 16, characterised in that a plurality of carrier plates (10) or groups of carrier plates are arranged in series with a respective accumulator device.
  19. An apparatus according to any one of Claims 8 to 18, characterised in that the carrier plate is provided with means for retaining a layer of material which is thin in relation to the height of the material bed.
  20. An apparatus according to Claim 19, characterised in that the means are formed by ribs and/or troughs.
  21. An apparatus according to any one of Claims 8 to 19, characterised in that means for impeding the flow of material are provided.
  22. An apparatus according to Claim 21, characterised in that the means for impeding the flow of material are provided in the edge region of the grate.
  23. An apparatus according to Claim 21 or 22, characterised in that the means for impeding the flow of material are securely connected to the carrier plate.
  24. An apparatus according to any one of Claims 21 to 23, characterised in that the means for impeding the flow of material are movable.
  25. An apparatus according to Claim 23, characterised in that a control device is provided for moving the means for impeding the flow of material depending on the state of the material bed.
  26. An apparatus according to any one of Claims 8 to 24, characterised in that means are provided for reducing the friction between the material bed (20) and the carrier plate (10) during the return stroke, compared with the forward stroke.
  27. An apparatus according to Claim 25, characterised in that a device is provided for increasing the gas pressure acting in the carrier plate (10) during the return stroke, compared with the forward stroke.
  28. An apparatus according to Claim 25, characterised in that retaining members (40) connected to the carrier plate (10) are provided which engage into the material bed (20) to a lesser extent during the return stroke and to a greater extent during the forward stroke.
  29. An apparatus according to any one of Claims 8 to 25, characterised in that two side walls are provided which are stationary or moved together with the carrier plate (10), which side walls enclose the material bed (20) and the clear distance apart of which increases in conveying direction.
  30. An apparatus according to any one of Claims 8 to 28, characterised in that means are provided for increasing the friction between the material bed (20) and stationary parts of the apparatus during the return stroke, in comparison with the forward stroke.
  31. An apparatus according to Claim 29, characterised in that retaining members (38) connected to the stationary structure (36) of the apparatus are provided which engage into the material bed (20) to a greater extent during the return stroke and to a lesser extent during the forward stroke.
  32. An apparatus according to Claim 30, characterised in that a pair of walls (36) is provided which laterally enclose the material bed (20) and the clear distance apart of which increases in conveying direction.
  33. An apparatus according to any one of Claims 8 to 31, characterised in that a layer depth limiter (42,43) is provided at the feed end.
  34. An apparatus according to any one of Claims 1 to 32, characterised in that above the carrier plate (10) at a height which is lower than the depth designated for the material bed (20) at least one cross-beam (45) is provided at a distance from the feed end and from the output end.
  35. An apparatus according to Claim 34, characterised in that the beam (45) offers lower resistance to the flow of material in the conveying direction than in the opposite direction.
  36. An apparatus according to Claims 34 and 35, characterised in that the beam (45) is disposed closer to the carrier plate (10) than the depth designated for the material bed.
  37. An apparatus according to any one of Claims 34 to 36, characterised in that the at least one beam (45) has a flat triangular profile with its vertex facing counter to the conveying direction.
EP02730030A 2001-03-20 2002-03-19 Method and device for treating bulk products Expired - Fee Related EP1373818B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK02730030T DK1373818T3 (en) 2001-03-20 2002-03-19 Method and apparatus for processing bulk goods

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10113516 2001-03-20
DE10113516A DE10113516A1 (en) 2001-03-20 2001-03-20 Cooling a pourable material, eg cement clinker, on an advancing grid, comprises passing a gas stream through the grid and the material
PCT/EP2002/003042 WO2002075230A1 (en) 2001-03-20 2002-03-19 Method and device for treating bulk products

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1373818A1 EP1373818A1 (en) 2004-01-02
EP1373818B1 true EP1373818B1 (en) 2005-05-18

Family

ID=7678228

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02730030A Expired - Fee Related EP1373818B1 (en) 2001-03-20 2002-03-19 Method and device for treating bulk products

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US6926521B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1373818B1 (en)
DE (2) DE10113516A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2002075230A1 (en)

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WO2012084608A1 (en) 2010-12-23 2012-06-28 Khd Humboldt Wedag Gmbh Method for cooling hot bulk material and cooler
DE102010055825B4 (en) 2010-12-23 2013-07-04 Khd Humboldt Wedag Gmbh Method for cooling hot bulk material and cooler
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE50203146D1 (en) 2005-06-23
EP1373818A1 (en) 2004-01-02
US6926521B2 (en) 2005-08-09
WO2002075230A1 (en) 2002-09-26
DE10113516A1 (en) 2002-09-26
US20040115581A1 (en) 2004-06-17

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