EP1230095B1 - Substructure material for a printing device and a printing cloth in order to print non-even materials - Google Patents

Substructure material for a printing device and a printing cloth in order to print non-even materials Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1230095B1
EP1230095B1 EP00972746A EP00972746A EP1230095B1 EP 1230095 B1 EP1230095 B1 EP 1230095B1 EP 00972746 A EP00972746 A EP 00972746A EP 00972746 A EP00972746 A EP 00972746A EP 1230095 B1 EP1230095 B1 EP 1230095B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
printing
blanket
layer
printer
cylinder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00972746A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1230095A1 (en
Inventor
Horst Appel
Thomas Walther
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HaTec Produktions- und Handelsgesellschaft mbH
Original Assignee
HaTec Produktions- und Handelsgesellschaft mbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE29918060U external-priority patent/DE29918060U1/en
Priority claimed from DE2000120209 external-priority patent/DE10020209A1/en
Application filed by HaTec Produktions- und Handelsgesellschaft mbH filed Critical HaTec Produktions- und Handelsgesellschaft mbH
Publication of EP1230095A1 publication Critical patent/EP1230095A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1230095B1 publication Critical patent/EP1230095B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41NPRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
    • B41N6/00Mounting boards; Sleeves Make-ready devices, e.g. underlays, overlays; Attaching by chemical means, e.g. vulcanising
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41NPRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
    • B41N10/00Blankets or like coverings; Coverings for wipers for intaglio printing
    • B41N10/02Blanket structure
    • B41N10/04Blanket structure multi-layer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41NPRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
    • B41N2210/00Location or type of the layers in multi-layer blankets or like coverings
    • B41N2210/04Intermediate layers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41NPRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
    • B41N2210/00Location or type of the layers in multi-layer blankets or like coverings
    • B41N2210/14Location or type of the layers in multi-layer blankets or like coverings characterised by macromolecular organic compounds

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a base material for a printing form, a printing device, and a printing blanket for printing uneven substrates according to the preamble of claims 1, 8 and 10.
  • a printed image is applied to a printing medium inside the printing unit by rolling cylinders and drums that transmit and transfer the printing medium.
  • the print image is generated on a printing form or printing plate and, if necessary, passed on to the printing material via a transfer cylinder.
  • a printing form or printing plate provided with raised printing surfaces is used for this purpose, by means of which the printed image can be applied directly to the printing material.
  • Offset printing an indirect printing process, is a widespread planographic printing process in which the print image in the form of the color material is transferred from a printing form or printing plate to a transfer cylinder, which is referred to as a blanket cylinder.
  • the surface of the printing form or printing plate is provided with lipophilic, that is to say water-repellent, areas in accordance with the image to be printed, so that the lipophilic ink applied by an inking unit adheres there.
  • the printing image is then transferred from the printing blanket cylinder, more precisely from a printing blanket which is clamped onto the printing blanket cylinder and explained below, to the printing material.
  • the print image is transferred from a printing form to a transfer cylinder, which is referred to as a blanket cylinder. From this the print image is then transferred to the printing material.
  • a flexible layer is usually applied to the blanket cylinder.
  • a so-called printing blanket or rubber blanket is used for this. This blanket is dimensionally stable in its plane of expansion, but can be deformed transversely to it. It can also be compressible to a certain extent in the direction of its thickness. For this purpose, it is known that compressible layers are provided within a printing blanket.
  • a flexible layer is usually applied to the blanket cylinder;
  • a so-called printing blanket or rubber blanket is used for this purpose, which is essentially dimensionally stable in its plane of expansion, but is deformable transversely to it.
  • the printing blanket can also be compressible to a certain extent in the direction of its thickness; for this purpose it is known that compressible layers are provided within the printing blanket.
  • the printed image in the form of the color material is then deposited on the printing material, that is to say, for example, on the paper to be printed or on the cardboard to be printed.
  • Blankets or the printing blankets used in offset printing are required in the offset printing process when transferring the print image, above all to compensate for unevenness in the surface of the printing substrate. Since the printing forms or printing plates for offset printing are usually formed from thin sheets or foils, they cannot adapt to the surface structure of the printing material to a sufficient extent.
  • a printing blanket must be pressed against the counter-pressure cylinder by the blanket cylinder against the impression cylinder with a relatively high contact pressure in order to adapt it to the surface structure of the printing substrate; this cannot be avoided by using so-called compressible printing blankets because they only have a higher deformability than normal printing blankets, but also require a comparatively high contact pressure.
  • corrugated cardboard when printing on corrugated boxes, there is a special problem that is related to the internal structure of corrugated boxes. Since a corrugated connection layer is provided between two cover layers in corrugated cardboard to make it lighter, a corrugated cardboard is not a homogeneous material. The cover layers used on the top and bottom of such corrugated cardboard are only at certain points or linear and are offset on both sides connected to each other by means of a corrugated intermediate layer. When a corrugated cardboard is loaded, uneven conditions arise across the surface; in particular, each cover layer is flexible in the areas between the connection points with the corrugated intermediate layer and can therefore dodge in these areas under load. As a result, the stress in a printing process results in relatively unfavorable conditions for uniform printing.
  • a foam layer is provided as a base, for example is applied to a tensile base.
  • the printing form or printing plate is enabled to follow irregularities on the surface of the printing material to a limited extent.
  • a deterioration in the print quality is accepted, which inevitably results from the deformation of the printing form or printing plate; this is also related to the usually very inhomogeneous distribution of printing and non-printing areas on a printing form or printing plate; in addition, registering the printing forms or printing plates for the different printing inks is very difficult.
  • compressible printing blankets a procedure that is not comparable with the above-mentioned method of supporting a printing form or printing plate is used.
  • the compressible printing blanket enables deformations by reducing the thickness only under comparatively high pressure.
  • the one to adapt to the surface structure of the corrugated cardboard necessary deformations in such printing blankets would inevitably lead to the destruction of the corrugated cardboard in the printing process before the printing blanket could deform sufficiently.
  • no method is known by means of which a highly uniform pressure distribution is possible in offset printing when processing a corrugated cardboard in a printing process.
  • the disadvantages and shortcomings described above by way of example can be generalized to the extent that the rotary cylinders involved in the printing process of the offset process are generally made of hard material, such as metal.
  • the printing form or printing plate is also made of solid material, such as metal, such as aluminum, zinc or the like, or of plastic. Due to the dimensional stability of these materials, unevenness and imbalance can occur which negatively affect the printed image.
  • the rigidity of the materials mentioned means that changing a printing form or printing plate can be difficult insofar as there is no flexibility to compensate for tolerances.
  • a tubular blanket for a blanket cylinder in an offset printing press comprising a cylindrical sleeve, a compressible layer over the sleeve and an inextensible layer over the compressible layer.
  • the cylindrical sleeve can be moved telescopically on the rubber cylinder.
  • the compressible layer comprises a first seamless, tubular body made of an elastomer, which contains compressible microspheres.
  • the non-stretchable layer comprises a second seamless body made of an elastomer, which has a tubular bottom layer made in the circumferential direction contains undrawn material.
  • a seamless, tubular print layer over the non-stretchable layer has a continuous, gapless, cylindrical print surface.
  • a further embodiment of a printing blanket is described in US Pat. No. 5,934,192.
  • an open-cell, compressible layer and a closed-cell, compressible layer are provided within a superficial printing layer, the printing blanket should have the advantages of two compressible layers.
  • the printing blanket itself is used in the form of a seamless cylinder, in which a compressible layer with an open-cell structure and a compressible layer with a closed-cell structure are provided within a superficial printing layer, the compressible layer with the open-cell structure being arranged within the compressible layer with a closed-cell structure ,
  • the present invention is based on the object of improving an offset printing machine of the type described at the outset in such a way that an improved printed image is obtained, that it is possible to change printing plates more quickly and easily and that high-quality printed images can be printed on uneven substrates , especially on a corrugated cardboard. Therefore, it aims present invention on a high-quality and seen uniformly over the surface generation of print images on the substrate, for example on a paper web or on a corrugated cardboard in the offset printing process; the printing material, for example the paper web or the corrugated cardboard, should not be mechanically damaged in any way.
  • a substructure material with the features specified in claim 1 and by a printing device, preferably by an offset printing device, with the features specified in claim 8 and with a printing blanket with the features of claim 10.
  • the teaching of the present invention provides a substructure material for a printing form, such as planographic printing plate, printing plate, or planographic printing plate, and / or for a printing blanket, such as rubber blanket, or special compressible or incompressible rubber blanket, and / or for another area involved in the printing process during printing, as in offset printing, whereby for printing devices, in particular for offset printing machines, the substructure material as an interchangeable, radially to the printing form or printing plate and / or the printing blanket and / or the other surface associated with the printing process associated cylinder or radially to the associated drum elastically deformable composite is formed, the composite as a stretchable base, such as a stretchable printing plate base or printing plate base and / or as a stretchable Blanket pad, is formed and is made up of at least one compressible layer and at least one incompressible layer, the compressible layer being designed as a reversibly compressible functional layer and made of microcellular, preferably open-pore material, such as foam, in particular polyurethane foam, and
  • the substructure material By designing the substructure material as an interchangeable, radially elastically deformable composite or radially to the respective drum, unevenness, dimensional tolerances and imbalances in the components involved in the printing process can be compensated for. In this way, an equalization and thus an improvement in the printed image can be achieved.
  • the substructure material according to the present invention which can be formed in the composite as a stretchable underlay, in particular as a stretchable printing plate underlay or printing plate underlay and / or as a stretchable printing blanket underlay, surprisingly, in addition to increasing the print quality, the retrofitting of an offset printing device is also facilitated .
  • the base material ensures, due to its (radial) elasticity, that any dimensional tolerances between printing form or printing plate and forme cylinder are compensated for.
  • the printing form or printing plate can therefore be fixed with a firm fit on the form cylinder.
  • the flexible substructure material under the printing blanket enables an increased deformation of the printing blanket radially to the printing blanket cylinder during the printing process.
  • the deformation is possible with a lower force than the deformation of a compressible blanket.
  • the length stability of the printing blanket is maintained, which ensures good print quality and enables printing on an uneven surface, such as on corrugated cardboard, in offset printing.
  • the composite is made up of at least one compressible layer and at least one incompressible layer.
  • the compressible layer which can preferably be designed as a reversibly compressible functional layer, unevenness, dimensional tolerances and unbalance of the components involved in the printing process can be compensated. In this way, an equalization and thus an improvement in the printed image can be achieved.
  • the compressible layer By connecting the compressible layer with an incompressible layer, it is ensured at the same time that the substructure material can be handled in an advantageous manner, so that the substructure material can in particular be attached to one of the cylinders involved in the printing process with sufficient stability.
  • the connection of the compressible layer with an incompressible layer gives the composite material an overall increased stability, so that forces introduced into the compressible layer can only bring about a limited deformation of the substructure material.
  • the compressible layer of the substructure material can be a microcellular, preferably open-pore material.
  • a cellular structure like a foam allows the compressibility of the material to be set as desired; If the microcellular compressible layer is expediently formed from polyurethane foam, a high level of durability is associated with the desired compressibility.
  • the base material can be optimally selected with regard to properties other than compressibility, for example with regard to its tear resistance and / or its chemical resistance.
  • the compression behavior of the overall material is in fact generated by its cellular structure, which the user can set to a certain extent depending on the respective requirements and regardless of the base material.
  • the incompressible layer which according to an inventive development is designed as a dimensionally stable carrier layer, in particular as a dimensionally stable plate or film, can advantageously be wholly or partly at least one plastic, preferably polyester.
  • a material is inexpensive, of high durability and at the same time flexible in terms of bending or dimensionally stable against tension. Furthermore, such a material can be easily combined with other materials to form a composite material.
  • the substructure material can contain one or more further layers, which can in particular contain an adhesive material, a filler material and / or other auxiliary materials.
  • an adhesive material serves to connect adjacent layers, that is to say in particular to connect an incompressible layer to a compressible layer.
  • Filling materials are used to give the substructure material a desired volume (-> layer thickness) without otherwise influencing the material properties.
  • layers of other auxiliary materials can be provided which, for example, improve the connection to the supporting cylinder, to the printing form or printing plate, to the printing blanket or the like, or to make certain outer surfaces available.
  • the substructure material contains at least two compressible layers, these preferably having a different structure with regard to the base material and / or with regard to the structure (porosity) and / or a different thickness.
  • the behavior of the substructure material when pressure is applied can be controlled. For example, a thicker or more compressible layer in direct contact with the printing form or printing plate can achieve good local absorption of pressure and force peaks, whereas a firmer (thinner) material in a lower layer ensures that greater forces are introduced spread over a larger area.
  • the substructure material contains at least two incompressible layers, which in turn can in particular have a different structure with regard to the base material and / or the structure and / or a different thickness.
  • These measures can also be used to control the behavior of the substructure material.
  • the layers that are in direct contact with carrier elements can be optimally designed for connection to them; this means that these materials have, for example, sufficient (tear) strength and / or sufficient thickness for attachment to a cylinder.
  • layers located in the interior of the substructure material can be minimized to a thickness which is sufficient to be able to fulfill their carrier function within the overall composite.
  • the total (layer) thickness of the flat substructure material composed of at least two layers can be of the order of magnitude about 0.5 millimeters to about 4 millimeters, in particular from about 1.5 millimeters to about 2.5 millimeters.
  • existing pressure equipment can be retrofitted with the substructure material without or without significant changes in order to compensate for unevenness in the desired manner.
  • the present invention also includes a printing device, in particular offset printing device, for printing on printing materials, preferably paper or cardboard, with in particular an uneven surface, such as corrugated cardboard, with a forme cylinder on which a printing form, such as planographic printing form, or printing plate, or Planographic printing plate, is clamped and a printing blanket cylinder on which an essentially dimensionally stable printing blanket, such as rubber blanket, or a special compressible or incompressible rubber blanket, is stretched and an impression cylinder, wherein the forme cylinder and / or the printing blanket cylinder and / or the impression cylinder and / or other surfaces involved in the printing are coated on their surface with a substructure material, the substructure material being exchangeable, assigned radially to the printing form or printing plate and / or the printing blanket and / or the other surface involved in the printing process ylinder or radially to the associated drum is elastically deformable composite and the composite is designed as a stretchable underlay, such as a stretchable printing plate underlay or printing plate under
  • This printing device is characterized in that the form cylinder and / or the blanket cylinder and / or the impression cylinder and / or other surfaces involved in the printing are coated on their surface with the substructure material described above. Due to the properties of the substructure material explained, a printing result of improved quality can be achieved with such a printing device. If the substructure material on the forme cylinder that the Carries printing form or printing plate, is attached, a conversion of this forme cylinder with different printing forms or printing plates can be carried out more easily and easily.
  • a printing blanket with the features of claim 10 provides the following advantages:
  • a flexible base layer on the underside or within the printing blanket enables an increased deformation of the printing blanket radially to the printing blanket cylinder during the printing process.
  • the deformation is possible with a lower force than the deformation of a known compressible printing blanket.
  • the length stability of the printing blanket is maintained, ensuring good print quality.
  • This makes printing on an uneven surface of any substrate, such as. B. with Weilkarton, possible in offset printing.
  • FIGS. 1 to 5 Identical or similar configurations, elements or features are provided with identical reference numerals in FIGS. 1 to 5.
  • the printing template is in the form of a so-called printing form or printing plate 11 on a first rotating cylinder, the form cylinder 10; this forme cylinder 10 is sometimes referred to as a plate cylinder.
  • the surface of the printing plate 11 consists, according to the contours to be printed, of hydrophilic (that is to say water-friendly) or lipophilic (that is to say fat-friendly) areas, so that the inking unit (not shown in FIG. 1 for reasons of clarity of illustration) is applied lipophilic ink adheres only to the corresponding lipophilic areas.
  • hydrophilic that is to say water-friendly
  • lipophilic that is to say fat-friendly
  • the forme cylinder 10 is in contact with a blanket cylinder 12.
  • the surface of this blanket cylinder 12 is covered by a blanket 13.
  • the ink on the printing plate 11 is transferred to the blanket 13.
  • the blanket cylinder 12 rotates further, this ink is again deposited on the paper web 14 to be printed.
  • the paper web 14 is guided here via an impression cylinder 15 (sometimes also referred to as a forme cylinder), which ensures a corresponding contact pressure on the rubber blanket 13.
  • the offset printing method exemplified with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 (-> first exemplary embodiment) is improved in that a base material 100 is formed between the forme cylinder 10 and the printing plate 11 and / or between the blanket cylinder 12 and the blanket 13 and / or on the impression cylinder 15 is applied, which is formed by a composite of a compressible layer and an incompressible layer.
  • the base material 100 allows high printing speeds.
  • FIG. 2 A typical layer structure of the substructure material 100 is shown in FIG. 2.
  • the substructure material 100 arranged on a carrier 19 has three different layers 16, 17 and 18:
  • the different layers 16, 17 and 18 can be connected to one another by adhesive layers.
  • the plastic plate or plastic film 17 ensures sufficient strength of the substructure material 100.
  • the compressible layers 16 and 18 arranged on both outer surfaces of the sandwich material make it possible to compensate for unevenness in both the cylinder 19 and a support, such as a pressure plate 11.
  • the upper side 20 of the polyurethane cushion 16 is preferably smooth (and without adhesive) in order to be particularly suitable for the application of a rubber blanket 13.
  • the sandwich structure of the substructures is particularly characterized by compressible foam cushions of various types and by plastic plates or Plastic films formed.
  • one or more, in particular different, polyurethane cushions can be combined with one or more, in particular, different plastic sheets or plastic foils; the thickness of the polyurethane cushions and / or plastic plates or plastic films combined in a sandwich can also vary.
  • FIG. 3 a second embodiment of an offset printing unit according to the present invention is shown in a schematic representation.
  • the offset printing unit has an impression cylinder 15, a blanket cylinder 12, a forme cylinder 10 and, assigned to the forme cylinder 10, an inking unit 21 and a dampening unit 22.
  • the impression cylinder 15 is used to guide a printing material sheet.
  • the impression cylinder 15 is equipped with a gripper system (not shown in FIG. 3 for reasons of clarity of the illustration).
  • the substrate sheet is guided on a smooth surface.
  • the printing blanket cylinder 12 is located opposite the impression cylinder 15.
  • the printing blanket cylinder 12 is covered with a printing blanket 13, which is stable in length and flexible in the transverse direction to its surface area and can be compressible to a small extent.
  • the blanket 13 is firmly clamped on the blanket cylinder 12.
  • the form cylinder 10 is assigned to the blanket cylinder 12.
  • a printing plate or printing plate 11 which usually consists of a thin metal plate in offset printing, is clamped on the forme cylinder 10.
  • the printing form 11 is supplied with ink by the inking unit 21, the printing surfaces being supplied beforehand by means of water supply through the dampening unit 22 have been differentiated from the non-printing areas.
  • FIG. 4 shows a printing zone according to FIG. 3 between the blanket cylinder 12 and the impression cylinder 15, the indicated diameter ratios between the impression cylinder 15 indicated in FIGS. 3 and 4 below and the impression cylinder 12 indicated above in FIGS. 3 and 4 not the Must correspond to reality.
  • FIG. 4 shows a printing material on the impression cylinder 15, which in this second exemplary embodiment is designed as corrugated cardboard 14 '.
  • the corrugated cardboard 14 ' has a lower cover layer 141' indicated at the bottom in FIGS. 4 and 5 and an upper cover layer 143 'indicated at the top in FIGS. 4 and 5; the two cover layers 141 ', 143' are connected to one another by a corrugated connection layer 142 ', the lower cover layer 141' being glued to the lower edges of the connection layer 142 'and the upper cover layer 143' being glued to the upper edges of the connection layer 142 ' ;
  • This connection creates a very stable substrate, which is often used in the packaging sector.
  • the printing blanket cylinder 12 is in turn arranged, on which a printing blanket 13 is indicated on the outside.
  • the blanket 13 is shown in FIG. 4 as a homogeneous layer, normally blankets as so-called blankets executed and composed of a non-stretchable base layer and a flexible cover layer.
  • a substructure material 100 ′ designed as a printing blanket underlay is further arranged directly on the surface of the printing blanket cylinder 12 below the printing blanket 13.
  • This substructure material 100 ' is composed of an elastic base layer 17' and a flexible cover layer 16 'arranged on the base layer 17'. While the stretch-resistant base layer 17 'can be a solid plastic film, the flexible cover layer 16' is preferably a layer of foam of certain qualifications.
  • the elastic base layer 17 ' allows the substructure material 100' designed as a printing blanket base, the foam (-> flexible cover layer 16 ') being firmly connected to the plastic film (-> elastic base layer 17'), together with the printing blanket 13 tension the blanket cylinder 12.
  • the surface of the blanket cylinder 12 is therefore the same as a conventional blanket cylinder with blanket.
  • FIG. 5 shows a detail from FIG. 4 in detail.
  • the corrugated cardboard 14 ' can again be seen as printing material.
  • the printing blanket 13, which has adapted to the deformed surface of the corrugated cardboard 14 ', is arranged above the corrugated cardboard 14'.
  • the differences in height with respect to the surface of the printing blanket cylinder 12, which is partially shown on the underside, are compensated for by the flexible cover layer 16 'of the substructure material 100' designed as a printing blanket underlay.
  • the Foam is compressed at the points where the top of the corrugated cardboard 14 'is solid, and the blanket 13 can deflect by being deformed accordingly by bending.
  • the printing blanket 13 can follow the deformable surface of the corrugated cardboard 14', the flexible cover layer 16 'taking on this compensating function through its formation as a foam layer.
  • the present printing device can be used for the most varied qualities of substrates with uneven surfaces by appropriate adjustment of the printing supply, that is to say the determination of the effective distance between blanket cylinder 12 and impression cylinder 15 or by selection of different foam layers for the base material 100 ′ designed as a blanket underlay.
  • relatively easily compressible printing materials such as the corrugated cardboard 14 'shown in the second exemplary embodiment in FIGS. 3 to 5
  • relatively hard printing materials such as embossed solid cardboard.
  • the thickness of the substructure material 100 'designed as a printing blanket underlay is important. Basically, substructure materials 100 'with a thickness of about 0.5 millimeters to about 3.00 or 4.00 millimeters are suitable for the application mentioned. For the application technology of known printing materials, the selection of base materials 100 'with a thickness of approximately 1.00 millimeters to approximately 2.00 millimeters is preferred.
  • the foam is reversibly compressible over many cycles of action To prefer foam. In this case, an open-cell foam is preferably used. This is easier to compress than the known closed-cell layers in printing blankets.
  • the special printing blanket 13, 70 can preferably be produced from a conventional printing blanket in that the base layer 17 'is also built into the printing blanket.
  • the open-cell foam mentioned is preferably introduced onto an existing stretch-resistant textile layer or a different type of base or base layer of the printing blanket.
  • the active layer 13 'of the printing blanket can in turn be applied to the foam. This has the advantage that, with the tensile strength of the special printing blanket 70 remaining the same, a greatly improved flexibility in the transverse direction to the area extension of the special printing blanket 70, in particular in its active layer 13 ′, is achieved in comparison with a conventional printing blanket. (Fig. 4)
  • a simple improvement in the mode of operation of the special printing blanket 70 can be achieved in that only part of a conventional printing blanket is laminated onto the substructure material 100 'or the underlayer. For this purpose, part of the mostly textile lower layers that produce the tensile strength of the printing blanket can be separated from a conventional printing blanket. The dimensional stability of the printing blanket in the working plane is thus sufficiently ensured. A printing blanket which is weakened in this way in its stiffness transversely to the active plane can now be applied as active layer 13 'to the base material 100' or the cover layer 16 'of the lower layer.
  • a special printing blanket 70 of the type described above can thus be produced in a simple manner and can be clamped onto a printing blanket cylinder 12 in an equally simple manner.
  • reinforcement can be provided in the area of the tensioning edges of the printing blanket 70 in such a way that both the clamping and the use of the printing blanket 70 during the printing process are improved.
  • the blanket 70 is flattened at its ends after the joining of the active layer 13 ′ and the lower layer to a thickness dimension suitable for the tensioning devices present in a blanket cylinder 12.
  • the clamping ends produced in this way can also be provided with a reinforcement in the form of a metal rail or other suitable reinforcements.
  • the leading edges of the tensioning ends of the printing blanket 70 can be provided with a seal.
  • a printing blanket 70 which contains a voluminous working area made of a flexible active layer 13 'with a suitably compressible lower layer. Furthermore, the printing blanket 70 can be tensioned on a printing blanket cylinder 12 like a conventional printing blanket of known thickness.
  • the structure of the voluminous printing blanket 70 described can be varied over a wide range, the starting materials (conventional or other printing blanket, underlayer or built-in layer made of open-cell foam) and their structure forming the general conditions.
  • the connection between the active layer 13 'and the expandable base layer 17' or the installation of the foam in a printing blanket between the active layer 13 'and an additional, if necessary conventional, base layer for producing the printing blanket 70 is carried out using known conventional means.

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Abstract

In order to create a substructure material (100; 100') for a printing mould, in particular a flat printing mould or a printing plate (11), in particular a flat printing plate, and/or a printing cloth (13), in particular a rubber cloth, in a special compressible or non-compressible rubber cloth, and/or for another surface involved in a printing process, in particular in off-set printing wherewith an improved printed image is obtained and which allows printing moulds or print plates to be changed in an easier and more rapid fashion, a substructure material (100; 100') is embodied as an exchangeable, elastically deformable composite material (16, 17, 18; 16', 17') accommodated radially relative to said printing mould or printing plate (11) and/or printing cloth (13) and/or other cylinders (10, 12, 15) involved in the printing process, said cylinders being linked to surfaces or connected radially to a drum.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Unterbaumaterial für eine Druckform, einer Druckvorrichtung, und ein Drucktuch für den Druck von unebenen Bedruckstoffen gemäß dem Oberbegriff der Ansprüche 1, 8 und 10.The invention relates to a base material for a printing form, a printing device, and a printing blanket for printing uneven substrates according to the preamble of claims 1, 8 and 10.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

In der Drucktechnik ist es bekannt, in Druckwerken Zwischenelemente vorzusehen, die beim Übertragen eines Druckbilds Oberflächenunebenheiten auf einem Bedruckstoff ausgleichen können. Bei allen konventionellen Druckverfahren wird ein Druckbild innerhalb des Druckwerks durch Abwälzen von druckbildübertragenden und bedruckstofführenden Zylindern oder Trommeln auf einen Bedruckstoff aufgebracht. Hierbei wird das Druckbild auf einer Druckform bzw. Druckplatte erzeugt und gegebenenfalls über einen Übertragungszylinder bis zum Bedruckstoff weitergegeben.In printing technology, it is known to provide intermediate elements in printing units which can compensate for unevenness in the surface of a printing material when a printed image is transferred. In all conventional printing processes, a printed image is applied to a printing medium inside the printing unit by rolling cylinders and drums that transmit and transfer the printing medium. Here, the print image is generated on a printing form or printing plate and, if necessary, passed on to the printing material via a transfer cylinder.

In einem direkten Druckverfahren wie dem Hochdruck, zum Beispiel dem Flexodruckverfahren, wird hierzu eine mit erhabenen druckenden Flächen versehene Druckform bzw. Druckplatte eingesetzt, mittels derer das Druckbild direkt auf den Bedruckstoff auftragbar ist.In a direct printing process such as letterpress printing, for example the flexographic printing process, a printing form or printing plate provided with raised printing surfaces is used for this purpose, by means of which the printed image can be applied directly to the printing material.

Beim Offsetdruck, einem indirekten Druckverfahren, handelt es sich um ein weit verbreitetes Flachdruckverfahren, bei dem das Druckbild in Form des Farbmaterials von einer Druckform bzw. Druckplatte auf einen Übertragungszylinder, der als Drucktuchzylinder bezeichnet wird, übertragen wird. Die Oberfläche der Druckform bzw. Druckplatte ist in diesem Zusammenhang entsprechend dem abzudruckenden Bild mit lipophilen, das heißt wasserabweisenden Bereichen versehen, so dass die von einem Farbwerk aufgetragene lipophile Farbe dort anhaftet. Vom Drucktuchzylinder, genauer gesagt von einem auf den Drucktuchzylinder aufgespannten, nachstehend erläuterten Drucktuch wird das Druckbild dann auf den Bedruckstoff übertragen.Offset printing, an indirect printing process, is a widespread planographic printing process in which the print image in the form of the color material is transferred from a printing form or printing plate to a transfer cylinder, which is referred to as a blanket cylinder. In this context, the surface of the printing form or printing plate is provided with lipophilic, that is to say water-repellent, areas in accordance with the image to be printed, so that the lipophilic ink applied by an inking unit adheres there. The printing image is then transferred from the printing blanket cylinder, more precisely from a printing blanket which is clamped onto the printing blanket cylinder and explained below, to the printing material.

Im Offsetdruck, einem indirekten Druckverfahren, wird das Druckbild von einer Druckform auf einen Übertragungszylinder, der als Drucktuchzylinder bezeichnet wird, übertragen. Von diesem wird das Druckbild dann auf den Bedruckstoff übertragen. Auf dem Drucktuchzylinder ist normalerweise eine flexible Schicht aufgebracht. Im normalen Offsetdruck wird hierzu ein sogenanntes Drucktuch oder Gummituch verwendet. Dieses Drucktuch ist in seiner Ausdehnungsebene dimensionsstabil, quer dazu aber verformbar. Es kann in Richtung seiner Dicke auch in gewissem Umfang kompressible sein. Dazu ist es bekannt, dass innerhalb eines Drucktuches kompressible Schichten vorgesehen werden.In offset printing, an indirect printing process, the print image is transferred from a printing form to a transfer cylinder, which is referred to as a blanket cylinder. From this the print image is then transferred to the printing material. A flexible layer is usually applied to the blanket cylinder. In normal offset printing, a so-called printing blanket or rubber blanket is used for this. This blanket is dimensionally stable in its plane of expansion, but can be deformed transversely to it. It can also be compressible to a certain extent in the direction of its thickness. For this purpose, it is known that compressible layers are provided within a printing blanket.

Auf dem Drucktuchzylinder ist üblicherweise eine flexible Schicht aufgebracht; im normalen Offsetdruck wird hierzu ein so genanntes Drucktuch oder Gummituch eingesetzt, das in seiner Ausdehnungsebene im wesentlichen dimensionsstabil, quer dazu jedoch verformbar ist. Das Drucktuch kann in Richtung seiner Dicke in gewissem Umfang auch kompressibel sein; hierzu ist es bekannt, dass innerhalb des Drucktuchs kompressible Schichten vorgesehen sind. Von diesem Drucktuch wird nun das Druckbild in Form des Farbmaterials auf den Bedruckstoff, das heißt etwa auf das zu bedruckende Papier oder auf den zu bedruckenden Karton, abgesetzt.A flexible layer is usually applied to the blanket cylinder; In normal offset printing, a so-called printing blanket or rubber blanket is used for this purpose, which is essentially dimensionally stable in its plane of expansion, but is deformable transversely to it. The printing blanket can also be compressible to a certain extent in the direction of its thickness; for this purpose it is known that compressible layers are provided within the printing blanket. From this printing blanket, the printed image in the form of the color material is then deposited on the printing material, that is to say, for example, on the paper to be printed or on the cardboard to be printed.

Gummitücher bzw. die beim Offsetdruck eingesetzten Drucktücher werden im Offsetdruckprozess bei der Übertragung des Druckbilds vor allem auch zum Ausgleich von Oberflächenunebenheiten des Bedruckstoffs benötigt. Da die Druckformen bzw. Druckplatten für den Offsetdruck üblicherweise aus dünnen Blechen oder Folien gebildet sind, können sie sich nicht in ausreichendem Maße an die Oberflächenstruktur des Bedruckstoffs anpassen.Blankets or the printing blankets used in offset printing are required in the offset printing process when transferring the print image, above all to compensate for unevenness in the surface of the printing substrate. Since the printing forms or printing plates for offset printing are usually formed from thin sheets or foils, they cannot adapt to the surface structure of the printing material to a sufficient extent.

Ein Drucktuch muss zur für eine ausreichende Druckqualität notwendigen Anpassung an die Oberflächenstruktur des Bedruckstoffs mit relativ hohem Anpressdruck vom Drucktuchzylinder gegen den Gegendruckzylinder gepresst werden; dies lässt sich auch nicht durch den Einsatz sogenannter kompressibler Drucktücher vermeiden, weil diese lediglich eine höhere Verformbarkeit als normale Drucktücher aufweisen, dazu jedoch ebenso einen vergleichsweise hohen Anpreßdruck benötigen.A printing blanket must be pressed against the counter-pressure cylinder by the blanket cylinder against the impression cylinder with a relatively high contact pressure in order to adapt it to the surface structure of the printing substrate; this cannot be avoided by using so-called compressible printing blankets because they only have a higher deformability than normal printing blankets, but also require a comparatively high contact pressure.

Beim Bedrucken von unebenen Bedruckstoffen sind dem konventionellen Offsetdruck demzufolge Grenzen gesetzt; zum einen ist ein Drucktuch nur begrenzt verformbar, wobei ein ausreichendes Anpressen des Drucktuchs an den Bedruckstoff zum Aufrechterhalten einer akzeptablen Druckqualität erforderlich ist, zum anderen ist der Bedruckstoff in seiner Belastbarkeit eingeschränkt.When printing uneven substrates, there are limits to conventional offset printing; on the one hand, a printing blanket can only be deformed to a limited extent, with sufficient pressing of the printing blanket on the printing substrate being necessary to maintain an acceptable printing quality, and on the other hand, the printing substrate is restricted in its resilience.

So tritt zum Beispiel beim Bedrucken von Wellkartons ein spezielles Problem auf, das mit der inneren Struktur von Wellkartons zusammenhängt. Da bei Wellkartons zur Gewichtserleichterung zwischen zwei Deckschichten eine gewellte Verbindungsschicht vorgesehen ist, stellt ein Wellkarton keinen homogenen Stoff dar. Die an der Ober- und Unterseite eines solchen Wellkartons eingesetzten Deckschichten sind nur an bestimmten Punkten bzw. linienförmig und noch dazu auf beiden Seiten zueinander versetzt mittels einer gewellten Zwischenschicht miteinander verbunden. Bei der Belastung eines Wellkartons ergeben sich mithin über die Fläche ungleichmäßige Bedingungen; insbesondere ist jede Deckschicht in den Bereichen zwischen den Verbindungsstellen mit der gewellten Zwischenschicht flexibel und kann daher bei Belastung in diesen Bereichen ausweichen. Bei der Belastung in einem Druckprozess ergeben sich demzufolge relativ ungünstige Voraussetzungen für einen gleichmäßigen Druck.For example, when printing on corrugated boxes, there is a special problem that is related to the internal structure of corrugated boxes. Since a corrugated connection layer is provided between two cover layers in corrugated cardboard to make it lighter, a corrugated cardboard is not a homogeneous material. The cover layers used on the top and bottom of such corrugated cardboard are only at certain points or linear and are offset on both sides connected to each other by means of a corrugated intermediate layer. When a corrugated cardboard is loaded, uneven conditions arise across the surface; in particular, each cover layer is flexible in the areas between the connection points with the corrugated intermediate layer and can therefore dodge in these areas under load. As a result, the stress in a printing process results in relatively unfavorable conditions for uniform printing.

Daher ist es bekannt geworden, im Flexodruckverfahren unterhalb der Druckform bzw. Druckplatte eine flexible und kompressible Unterlage anzubringen. Hierbei wird davon ausgegangen, dass die Druckform bzw. Druckplatte selbst nicht kompressibel, das heißt starr ist und dass die Unterlage eine Bewegung der Druckform bzw. Druckplatte gegenüber dem Formzylinder (= Druckformzylinder bzw. Druckplattenzylinder) ermöglicht. Als Unterlage ist beispielsweise eine Schaumstoffschicht vorgesehen, die auf einer zugbelastbaren Unterlage aufgebracht ist. Mittels der zugbelastbaren Unterlage kann die flexible Unterlage so gleichzeitig mit der Druckform auf dem Druckformzylinder bzw. mit der Druckplatte auf dem Druckplattenzylinder aufgespannt werden, wobei eine Längendehnung nicht zu erwarten ist.It has therefore become known to apply a flexible and compressible base under the printing form or printing plate in the flexographic printing process. It is assumed here that the printing form or printing plate itself is not compressible, that is to say rigid, and that the support enables the printing form or printing plate to move relative to the form cylinder (= printing form cylinder or printing plate cylinder). A foam layer is provided as a base, for example is applied to a tensile base. By means of the base which can be subjected to tensile load, the flexible base can thus be clamped simultaneously with the printing form on the printing form cylinder or with the printing plate on the printing plate cylinder, with no longitudinal expansion being expected.

Die Druckform bzw. Druckplatte wird auf diese Weise in die Lage versetzt, Unebenheiten auf der Oberfläche des Bedruckstoffs in begrenztem Umfang zu folgen. Hierbei wird allerdings eine Verschlechterung der Druckqualität in Kauf genommen, die sich zwangsläufig aus der Verformung der Druckform bzw. Druckplatte ergibt; dies hängt auch mit der üblicherweise sehr inhomogenen Verteilung von druckenden und nicht druckenden Bereichen auf einer Druckform bzw. Druckplatte zusammen; außerdem ist das Registern der Druckformen bzw. Druckplatten für die verschiedenen Druckfarben sehr schwierig.In this way, the printing form or printing plate is enabled to follow irregularities on the surface of the printing material to a limited extent. Here, however, a deterioration in the print quality is accepted, which inevitably results from the deformation of the printing form or printing plate; this is also related to the usually very inhomogeneous distribution of printing and non-printing areas on a printing form or printing plate; in addition, registering the printing forms or printing plates for the different printing inks is very difficult.

Beim Offsetdruck ist ein derartiges Verfahren nicht bekannt geworden. Es ist zwar bekannt, unterhalb eines Drucktuchs sogenannte Unterlagebogen auf dem Drucktuchzylinder aufzuspannen. Diese Unterlagebogen dienen jedoch lediglich der sogenannten Zurichtung, wobei der Umfang des mit dem Drucktuch bespannten Drucktuchzylinders auf die in einem Druckprozess benötigten Bedingungen eingestellt werden soll.Such a method has not become known in offset printing. It is known to mount so-called underlay sheets on the blanket cylinder below a blanket. However, these backing sheets are only used for the so-called dressing, the scope of the blanket cylinder covered with the blanket being to be adjusted to the conditions required in a printing process.

Des weiteren ist lediglich aus dem Einsatz von sogenannten kompressiblen Drucktüchern eine nicht mit dem vorstehend genannten Verfahren der Unterlegung einer Druckform bzw. Druckplatte vergleichbare Verfahrensweise in Anwendung. Das kompressible Drucktuch ermöglicht Verformungen durch Dickenverringerung nur unter vergleichsweise hohem Druck. Die zur Anpassung an die Oberflächenstruktur des Wellkartons notwendigen Verformungen in solchen Drucktüchern würden im Druckprozess zwangsläufig zur Zerstörung des Wellkartons führen, bevor sich das Drucktuch hinreichend verformen könnte. Aus diesem Grunde ist kein Verfahren bekannt, mittels dessen im Offsetdruck eine in hohem Maße gleichmäßige Druckverteilung bei der Verarbeitung eines Wellkartons in einem Druckprozess möglich ist.Furthermore, from the use of so-called compressible printing blankets, a procedure that is not comparable with the above-mentioned method of supporting a printing form or printing plate is used. The compressible printing blanket enables deformations by reducing the thickness only under comparatively high pressure. The one to adapt to the surface structure of the corrugated cardboard necessary deformations in such printing blankets would inevitably lead to the destruction of the corrugated cardboard in the printing process before the printing blanket could deform sufficiently. For this reason, no method is known by means of which a highly uniform pressure distribution is possible in offset printing when processing a corrugated cardboard in a printing process.

Die vorstehend exemplarisch geschilderten Nachteile und Unzulänglichkeiten lassen sich insofern verallgemeinern, als die am Druckvorgang des Offsetverfahrens beteiligten Rotationszylinder in der Regel aus hartem Material, wie zum Beispiel aus Metall, gefertigt sind. Auch die Druckform bzw. Druckplatte ist aus festem Material, wie zum Beispiel aus Metall, etwa aus Aluminium, aus Zink oder aus dergleichen, oder aus Kunststoff hergestellt. Aufgrund der Formstabilität dieser Materialien kann es zu Unebenheiten und Unwuchten kommen, die das Druckbild negativ beeinflussen. Darüber hinaus führt die Starrheit der genannten Materialien dazu, dass sich das Wechseln einer Druckform bzw. Druckplatte insofern schwierig gestalten kann, als keine Nachgiebigkeit für den Ausgleich von Toleranzen vorhanden ist.The disadvantages and shortcomings described above by way of example can be generalized to the extent that the rotary cylinders involved in the printing process of the offset process are generally made of hard material, such as metal. The printing form or printing plate is also made of solid material, such as metal, such as aluminum, zinc or the like, or of plastic. Due to the dimensional stability of these materials, unevenness and imbalance can occur which negatively affect the printed image. In addition, the rigidity of the materials mentioned means that changing a printing form or printing plate can be difficult insofar as there is no flexibility to compensate for tolerances.

Durch die US-A-5 768 990 ist ein röhrenförmiges Drucktuch für einen Gummizylinder in einer Offsetdruckpresse bekannt, umfassend eine zylindrische Hülle, eine komprimierbare Schicht über der Hülse und eine unstreckbare Schicht über der komprimierbaren Schicht. Die zylindrische Hülse ist dabei teleskopartig auf dem Gummizylinder bewegbar. Die komprimierbare Schicht umfasst einen ersten nahtlosen, röhrenförmigen Körper aus einem Elastomeren, der komprimierbare Mikrosphären enthält. Die unstreckbare Schicht umfasst einen zweiten nahtlosen Körper aus einem Elastomeren, der eine röhrenförmige Unterschicht aus in Umfangsrichtung unstreckbarem Material enthält. Eine nahtlose, röhrenförmige Druckschicht über der unstreckbaren Schicht weist eine durchgehende, lückenlose, zylindrische Druckfläche auf. Ein derart ausgebildetes Drucktuch wird in Verbindung mit einem Zylinder aus Gummi verwendet, so dass der Zylinder bereits aufgrund der Materialauswahl eine gewisse Elastizität aufweist.From US-A-5 768 990 a tubular blanket for a blanket cylinder in an offset printing press is known comprising a cylindrical sleeve, a compressible layer over the sleeve and an inextensible layer over the compressible layer. The cylindrical sleeve can be moved telescopically on the rubber cylinder. The compressible layer comprises a first seamless, tubular body made of an elastomer, which contains compressible microspheres. The non-stretchable layer comprises a second seamless body made of an elastomer, which has a tubular bottom layer made in the circumferential direction contains undrawn material. A seamless, tubular print layer over the non-stretchable layer has a continuous, gapless, cylindrical print surface. Such a printing blanket is used in connection with a rubber cylinder, so that the cylinder already has a certain elasticity due to the choice of material.

Eine weitere Ausführungsform eines Drucktuches beschreibt die US-A-5 934 192. Bei diesem Drucktuch sind in dem eine offenzellige, komprimierbare Schicht und eine geschlossenzellige, komprimierbare Schicht innerhalb einer oberflächlichen Druckschicht vorgesehen, wobei das Drucktuch die Vorteile zweier komprimierbarer Schichten aufweisen soll. Das Drucktuch selbst wird in Form eines nahtlosen Zylinders eingesetzt, bei dem eine komprimierbare Schicht mit offenzelliger Struktur und eine komprimierbare Schicht mit geschlossenzeltiger Struktur innerhalb einer oberflächlichen Druckschicht vorgesehen sind, wobei die komprimierbare Schicht mit der offenzelligen Struktur innerhalb der komprimierbaren Schicht mit geschlossenzelliger Struktur angeordnet ist.A further embodiment of a printing blanket is described in US Pat. No. 5,934,192. In this printing blanket, an open-cell, compressible layer and a closed-cell, compressible layer are provided within a superficial printing layer, the printing blanket should have the advantages of two compressible layers. The printing blanket itself is used in the form of a seamless cylinder, in which a compressible layer with an open-cell structure and a compressible layer with a closed-cell structure are provided within a superficial printing layer, the compressible layer with the open-cell structure being arranged within the compressible layer with a closed-cell structure ,

Aufgabe, Lösung, VorteilTask, solution, advantage

Ausgehend hiervon liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Offset-Druckmaschine der eingangs beschriebenen Art derart zu verbessern, dass sich ein verbessertes Druckbild ergibt, dass das Wechseln von Druckplatten schneller und leichter möglich ist und dass ein Druck von qualitativ hochwertigen Druckbildern auf unebenen Bedruckstoffen, insbesondere auf einem Wellkarton möglich ist. Mithin zielt die vorliegende Erfindung auf eine qualitativ hochwertige und über die Fläche gesehen gleichmäßige Erzeugung von Druckbildern auf dem Bedruckstoff, beispielsweise auf einer Papierbahn oder auf einem Wellkarton im Offsetdruckverfahren, ab; hierbei soll der Bedruckstoff, beispielsweise die Papierbahn oder der Wellkarton, in keiner Form mechanisch beschädigt werden.Proceeding from this, the present invention is based on the object of improving an offset printing machine of the type described at the outset in such a way that an improved printed image is obtained, that it is possible to change printing plates more quickly and easily and that high-quality printed images can be printed on uneven substrates , especially on a corrugated cardboard. Therefore, it aims present invention on a high-quality and seen uniformly over the surface generation of print images on the substrate, for example on a paper web or on a corrugated cardboard in the offset printing process; the printing material, for example the paper web or the corrugated cardboard, should not be mechanically damaged in any way.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Unterbaumaterial mit den im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen sowie durch eine Druckvorrichtung, bevorzugterweise durch eine Offsetdruckvorrichtung, mit den im Anspruch 8 angegebenen Merkmalen und mit einem Drucktuch mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 10 gelöst.This object is achieved by a substructure material with the features specified in claim 1 and by a printing device, preferably by an offset printing device, with the features specified in claim 8 and with a printing blanket with the features of claim 10.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und zweckmäßige Weiterbildungen der vorliegenden Erfindung sind in den jeweiligen Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet.Advantageous refinements and useful developments of the present invention are characterized in the respective subclaims.

Die Lehre der vorliegenden Erfindung sieht ein Unterbaumaterial für eine Druckform, wie Flachdruckform, Druckplatte, oder Flachdruckplatte, und/oder für ein Drucktuch, wie Gummituch, oder spezielles kompressibles oder inkompressibles Gummituch, und/oder für eine sonstige am Druckvorgang beteiligte Fläche beim Druck, wie beim Offsetdruck, wobei für Druckvorrichtungen, insbesondere für Offset-Druckmaschinen, das Unterbaumaterial als austauschbarer, radial zum der Druckform bzw. Druckplatte und/oder dem Drucktuch und/oder der sonstigen am Druckvorgang beteiligten Fläche zugeordneten Zylinder oder radial zur zugeordneten Trommel elastisch verformbarer Verbund ausgebildet ist, wobei der Verbund als aufspannbare Unterlage, wie als aufspannbare Druckformunterlage bzw. Druckplattenunterlage und/oder als aufspannbare Drucktuchunterlage, ausgebildet ist und aus mindestens einer kompressiblen Schicht und aus mindestens einer inkompressiblen Schicht aufgebaut ist, wobei die kompressible Schicht als reversibel komprimierbare Funktionsschicht ausgebildet ist und aus mikrozellularem, vorzugsweise offenporigem Material, wie aus Schaumstoff, im speziellen aus Polyurethanschaum, ist, sowie eine Dicke von etwa 0,5 Millimeter bis etwa drei Millimeter, bevorzugterweise von etwa 1,2 Millimeter bis etwa 1,6 Millimeter, aufweisen kann. Indem das Unterbaumaterial als austauschbarer, radial zum jeweiligen Rotationszylinder oder radial zur jeweiligen Trommel elastisch verformbarer Verbund ausgebildet ist, können Unebenheiten, Maßtoleranzen und Unwuchten der am Druckvorgang beteiligten Bauteile ausgeglichen werden. Auf diese Weise kann eine Vergleichmäßigung und damit Verbesserung des Druckbilds erzielt werden.The teaching of the present invention provides a substructure material for a printing form, such as planographic printing plate, printing plate, or planographic printing plate, and / or for a printing blanket, such as rubber blanket, or special compressible or incompressible rubber blanket, and / or for another area involved in the printing process during printing, as in offset printing, whereby for printing devices, in particular for offset printing machines, the substructure material as an interchangeable, radially to the printing form or printing plate and / or the printing blanket and / or the other surface associated with the printing process associated cylinder or radially to the associated drum elastically deformable composite is formed, the composite as a stretchable base, such as a stretchable printing plate base or printing plate base and / or as a stretchable Blanket pad, is formed and is made up of at least one compressible layer and at least one incompressible layer, the compressible layer being designed as a reversibly compressible functional layer and made of microcellular, preferably open-pore material, such as foam, in particular polyurethane foam, and one Thickness from about 0.5 millimeters to about three millimeters, preferably from about 1.2 millimeters to about 1.6 millimeters. By designing the substructure material as an interchangeable, radially elastically deformable composite or radially to the respective drum, unevenness, dimensional tolerances and imbalances in the components involved in the printing process can be compensated for. In this way, an equalization and thus an improvement in the printed image can be achieved.

Mittels des Unterbaumaterials gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung, das im Verbund als aufspannbare Unterlage, insbesondere als aufspannbare Druckformunterlage bzw. Druckplattenunterlage und/oder als aufspannbare Drucktuchunterlage, ausgebildet sein kann, wird zusätzlich zur Steigerung der Druckqualität auf überraschende Weise auch eine Erleichterung der Umrüstung einer Offsetdruckvorrichtung erzielt. Bei der Montage von Druckformen bzw. Druckplatten auf Formzylindern sorgt nämlich das Unterbaumaterial aufgrund seiner (radialen) Elastizität dafür, dass eventuelle Maßtoleranzen zwischen Druckform bzw. Druckplatte und Formzylinder ausgeglichen werden. Durch Einsatz höherer Kräfte und ein entsprechendes Nachgeben des Unterbaumaterials kann mithin die Druckform bzw. Druckplatte mit einem festen Sitz auf dem Formzylinder befestigt werden.By means of the substructure material according to the present invention, which can be formed in the composite as a stretchable underlay, in particular as a stretchable printing plate underlay or printing plate underlay and / or as a stretchable printing blanket underlay, surprisingly, in addition to increasing the print quality, the retrofitting of an offset printing device is also facilitated , When mounting printing formes or printing plates on forme cylinders, the base material ensures, due to its (radial) elasticity, that any dimensional tolerances between printing form or printing plate and forme cylinder are compensated for. By using higher forces and a corresponding yielding of the substructure material, the printing form or printing plate can therefore be fixed with a firm fit on the form cylinder.

Exemplarisch in bezug auf den Drucktuchzylinder wird der Fachmann auf dem Gebiet der Drucktechnik zu schätzen wissen, dass durch das flexible Unterbaumaterial unter dem Drucktuch während des Druckprozesses eine erhöhte Verformung des Drucktuchs radial zum Drucktuchzylinder ermöglicht ist. Die Verformung ist mit einer gegenüber der Verformung eines kompressiblen Drucktuchs geringeren Kraft möglich. Gleichzeitig wird die Längenstabilität des Drucktuchs beibehalten, womit eine gute Druckqualität sichergestellt und das Drucken auf einer unebenen Oberfläche, wie zum Beispiel auf Wellkarton, im Offsetdruck ermöglicht ist.As an example with regard to the printing blanket cylinder, the person skilled in the printing technology field will appreciate that the flexible substructure material under the printing blanket enables an increased deformation of the printing blanket radially to the printing blanket cylinder during the printing process. The deformation is possible with a lower force than the deformation of a compressible blanket. At the same time, the length stability of the printing blanket is maintained, which ensures good print quality and enables printing on an uneven surface, such as on corrugated cardboard, in offset printing.

In diesem Zusammenhang ergeben sich eine Reihe weiterer Prozessvorteile, die aus dem Offsetdruckverfahren herrühren; insbesondere sind dies die Möglichkeit des Einsatzes preiswerter Druckformen bzw. Druckplatten sowie ein einfacheres Registern beim Mehrfarbendruck.In this context, there are a number of other process advantages that result from the offset printing process; in particular, these are the possibility of using inexpensive printing forms or printing plates and easier registering in multi-color printing.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist dabei, dass der Verbund aus mindestens einer kompressiblen Schicht und aus mindestens einer inkompressiblen Schicht aufgebaut ist.It is particularly advantageous that the composite is made up of at least one compressible layer and at least one incompressible layer.

Mit Hilfe der kompressiblen Schicht, die in bevorzugter Weise als reversibel komprimierbare Funktionsschicht ausgebildet sein kann, können Unebenheiten, Maßtoleranzen und Unwuchten der am Druckvorgang beteiligten Bauteile ausgeglichen werden. Auf diese Weise kann eine Vergleichmäßigung und damit Verbesserung des Druckbilds erzielt werden.With the help of the compressible layer, which can preferably be designed as a reversibly compressible functional layer, unevenness, dimensional tolerances and unbalance of the components involved in the printing process can be compensated. In this way, an equalization and thus an improvement in the printed image can be achieved.

Durch die Verbindung der kompressiblen Schicht mit einer inkompressiblen Schicht wird dabei gleichzeitig sichergestellt, dass das Unterbaumaterial in vorteilhafter Weise handhabbar ist, so dass das Unterbaumaterial insbesondere mit ausreichender Stabilität auf einem der am Druckvorgang beteiligten Zylinder befestigt werden kann. Darüber hinaus gibt die Verbindung der kompressiblen Schicht mit einer inkompressiblen Schicht dem Verbundmaterial insgesamt eine erhöhte Stabilität, so dass in die kompressible Schicht eingeleitete Kräfte nur eine begrenzte Verformung des Unterbaumaterials bewirken können.By connecting the compressible layer with an incompressible layer, it is ensured at the same time that the substructure material can be handled in an advantageous manner, so that the substructure material can in particular be attached to one of the cylinders involved in the printing process with sufficient stability. In addition, the connection of the compressible layer with an incompressible layer gives the composite material an overall increased stability, so that forces introduced into the compressible layer can only bring about a limited deformation of the substructure material.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung kann die kompressible Schicht des Unterbaumaterials ein mikrozellulares, vorzugsweise offenporiges Material sein. Eine Zellstruktur nach Art eines Schaumstoffs erlaubt es, die Kompressibilität des Materials gewissermaßen nach Wunsch einzustellen; wird die mikrozellulare kompressible Schicht zweckmäßigerweise aus Polyurethanschaum gebildet, so geht eine hohe Beständigkeit mit der gewünschten Kompressibilität einher. Das Grundmaterial kann hierbei im Hinblick auf andere Eigenschaften als die Kompressibilität optimal gewählt werden, zum Beispiel im Hinblick auf seine Reißfestigkeit und/oder auf seine Chemikalienbeständigkeit.According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the compressible layer of the substructure material can be a microcellular, preferably open-pore material. A cellular structure like a foam allows the compressibility of the material to be set as desired; If the microcellular compressible layer is expediently formed from polyurethane foam, a high level of durability is associated with the desired compressibility. The base material can be optimally selected with regard to properties other than compressibility, for example with regard to its tear resistance and / or its chemical resistance.

Das Kompressionsverhalten des Gesamtmaterials wird nämlich durch dessen zellulare Struktur erzeugt, die sich vom Anwender gewissermaßen beliebig abhängig von den jeweiligen Anforderungen und unabhängig vom Grundmaterial einstellen lässt.The compression behavior of the overall material is in fact generated by its cellular structure, which the user can set to a certain extent depending on the respective requirements and regardless of the base material.

Bei der inkompressiblen Schicht, die gemäß einer erfinderischen Weiterbildung als dimensionsstabile Trägerschicht, insbesondere als dimensionsstabile Platte oder Folie, ausgebildet ist, kann es sich in vorteilhafter Weise ganz oder teilweise um mindestens einen Kunststoff handeln, vorzugsweise um Polyester. Ein solches Material ist kostengünstig, von hoher Beständigkeit und gleichzeitig flexibel in bezug auf Biegung bzw. formstabil gegenüber Zug. Weiterhin lässt sich ein solches Material gut mit anderen Materialien zu einem Verbundmaterial kombinieren.The incompressible layer, which according to an inventive development is designed as a dimensionally stable carrier layer, in particular as a dimensionally stable plate or film, can advantageously be wholly or partly at least one plastic, preferably polyester. Such a material is inexpensive, of high durability and at the same time flexible in terms of bending or dimensionally stable against tension. Furthermore, such a material can be easily combined with other materials to form a composite material.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung kann das Unterbaumaterial eine oder mehr weitere Schichten enthalten, die insbesondere ein Klebematerial, ein Füllmaterial und/oder andere Hilfsmaterialien enthalten können. Ein Klebematerial dient in diesem Zusammenhang der Verbindung benachbarter Schichten, das heißt insbesondere der Verbindung einer inkompressiblen Schicht mit einer kompressiblen Schicht. Füllmaterialien werden eingesetzt, um dem Unterbaumaterial ein gewünschtes Volumen (--> Schichtdicke) zu geben, ohne im übrigen Einfluss auf die Materialeigenschaften zu nehmen. Darüber hinaus können Schichten aus anderen Hilfsmaterialien vorgesehen sein, die zum Beispiel die Verbindung zum tragenden Zylinder, zur Druckform bzw. Druckplatte, zum Drucktuch oder zu dergleichen verbessern oder bestimmte Außenflächen zur Verfügung stellen.According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the substructure material can contain one or more further layers, which can in particular contain an adhesive material, a filler material and / or other auxiliary materials. In this context, an adhesive material serves to connect adjacent layers, that is to say in particular to connect an incompressible layer to a compressible layer. Filling materials are used to give the substructure material a desired volume (-> layer thickness) without otherwise influencing the material properties. In addition, layers of other auxiliary materials can be provided which, for example, improve the connection to the supporting cylinder, to the printing form or printing plate, to the printing blanket or the like, or to make certain outer surfaces available.

In einer speziellen Ausgestaltung des Unterbaumaterials enthält dieses mindestens zwei kompressible Schichten, wobei diese vorzugsweise einen unterschiedlichen Aufbau im Hinblick auf das Grundmaterial und/oder im Hinblick auf die Struktur (Porigkeit) und/oder eine unterschiedliche Dicke haben können. Durch die Kombination mehrerer kompressibler Schichten kann das Verhalten des Unterbaumaterials bei der Einleitung von Druck gesteuert werden. So kann zum Beispiel durch eine dickere bzw. stärker kompressible Schicht in unmittelbarem Kontakt zur Druckform bzw. Druckplatte eine gute lokale Aufnahme von Druck- und Kraftspitzen erzielt werden, wohingegen ein festeres (dünneres) Material in einer tieferen Lage dafür sorgt, dass eingeleitete größere Kräfte über einen größeren Bereich verteilt werden.In a special embodiment of the substructure material, it contains at least two compressible layers, these preferably having a different structure with regard to the base material and / or with regard to the structure (porosity) and / or a different thickness. By combining several compressible layers, the behavior of the substructure material when pressure is applied can be controlled. For example, a thicker or more compressible layer in direct contact with the printing form or printing plate can achieve good local absorption of pressure and force peaks, whereas a firmer (thinner) material in a lower layer ensures that greater forces are introduced spread over a larger area.

Bei einer weiteren speziellen Ausgestaltung des Unterbaumaterials enthält dieses mindestens zwei inkompressible Schichten, die wiederum insbesondere einen unterschiedlichen Aufbau im Hinblick auf das Grundmaterial und/oder auf die Struktur und/oder eine unterschiedliche Dicke haben können. Auch durch diese Maßnahmen kann das Verhalten des Unterbaumaterials gezielt gesteuert werden. So können insbesondere die in unmittelbarem Kontakt zu Trägerelementen stehenden Schichten optimal für eine Verbindung hiermit ausgelegt werden; dies bedeutet, dass diese Materialien beispielsweise eine hinreichende (Reiß-)Festigkeit und/oder eine hinreichende Dicke für ein Anbringen auf einem Zylinder aufweisen. Andererseits können im Inneren des Unterbaumaterials gelegene Schichten auf eine Dicke minimiert werden, die ausreichend ist, um ihre Trägerfunktion innerhalb des Gesamtverbunds erfüllen zu können.In a further special embodiment of the substructure material, it contains at least two incompressible layers, which in turn can in particular have a different structure with regard to the base material and / or the structure and / or a different thickness. These measures can also be used to control the behavior of the substructure material. In particular, the layers that are in direct contact with carrier elements can be optimally designed for connection to them; this means that these materials have, for example, sufficient (tear) strength and / or sufficient thickness for attachment to a cylinder. On the other hand, layers located in the interior of the substructure material can be minimized to a thickness which is sufficient to be able to fulfill their carrier function within the overall composite.

Die gesamte (Schicht-)Dicke des aus mindestens zwei Schichten aufgebauten flächigen Unterbaumaterials kann sich in der Größenordnung von etwa 0,5 Millimeter bis etwa 4 Millimeter, insbesondere von etwa 1,5 Millimeter bis etwa 2,5 Millimeter, bewegen. Bei derartigen Schichtdicken können vorhandene Druckgeräte ohne bzw. ohne wesentliche Änderungen mit dem Unterbaumaterial nachgerüstet werden, um dort in der angestrebten Weise für einen Ausgleich von Unebenheiten zu sorgen.The total (layer) thickness of the flat substructure material composed of at least two layers can be of the order of magnitude about 0.5 millimeters to about 4 millimeters, in particular from about 1.5 millimeters to about 2.5 millimeters. In the case of such layer thicknesses, existing pressure equipment can be retrofitted with the substructure material without or without significant changes in order to compensate for unevenness in the desired manner.

Zur vorliegenden Erfindung gehört gemäß Anspruch 8 auch eine Druckvorrichtung, insbesondere Offsetdruckvorrichtung, zum Bedrucken von Bedruckstoffen, vorzugsweise von Papier oder von Karton, mit insbesondere unebener Oberfläche, wie Wellkarton, mit einem Formzylinder, auf dem eine Druckform, wie Flachdruckform, oder Druckplatte, oder Flachdruckplatte, aufgespannt ist und einem Drucktuchzylinder, auf dem ein in seiner Ausdehnungsebene im wesentlichen dimensionsstabiles Drucktuch, wie Gummituch, oder ein spezielles kompressibles oder inkompressibles Gummituch, aufgespannt ist und einem Gegendruckzylinder, wobei der Formzylinder und/oder der Drucktuchzylinder und/oder der Gegendruckzylinder und/oder sonstige am Druck beteiligte Flächen auf ihrer Oberfläche mit einem Unterbaumaterial beschichtet sind, wobei das Unterbaumaterial als austauschbarer, radial zum der Druckform bzw. Druckplatte und/oder dem Drucktuch und/oder der sonstigen am Druckvorgang beteiligten Fläche zugeordneten Zylinder oder radial zur zugeordneten Trommel elastisch verformbarer Verbund ausgebildet ist und wobei der Verbund als aufspannbare Unterlage, wie als aufspannbare Druckformunterlage bzw. Druckplattenunterlage und/oder als aufspannbare Drucktuchunterlage, ausgebildet ist und aus mindestens einer kompressiblen Schicht und aus mindestens einer inkompressiblen Schicht aufgebaut ist, wobei die kompressible Schicht als reversibel komprimierbare Funktionsschicht ausgebildet ist und aus mikrozellularem, vorzugsweise offenporigem Material, wie aus Schaumstoff, im speziellen aus Polyurethanschaum, ist, sowie eine Dicke von etwa 0,5 Millimeter bis etwa drei Millimeter, bevorzugterweise von etwa 1,2 Millimeter bis etwa 1,6 Millimeter, aufweisen kann.According to claim 8, the present invention also includes a printing device, in particular offset printing device, for printing on printing materials, preferably paper or cardboard, with in particular an uneven surface, such as corrugated cardboard, with a forme cylinder on which a printing form, such as planographic printing form, or printing plate, or Planographic printing plate, is clamped and a printing blanket cylinder on which an essentially dimensionally stable printing blanket, such as rubber blanket, or a special compressible or incompressible rubber blanket, is stretched and an impression cylinder, wherein the forme cylinder and / or the printing blanket cylinder and / or the impression cylinder and / or other surfaces involved in the printing are coated on their surface with a substructure material, the substructure material being exchangeable, assigned radially to the printing form or printing plate and / or the printing blanket and / or the other surface involved in the printing process ylinder or radially to the associated drum is elastically deformable composite and the composite is designed as a stretchable underlay, such as a stretchable printing plate underlay or printing plate underlay and / or as a stretchable printing blanket underlay, and is composed of at least one compressible layer and at least one incompressible layer, wherein the compressible layer is designed as a reversibly compressible functional layer and is made of microcellular, preferably open-pore material, such as foam, in particular polyurethane foam, and a thickness of about 0.5 millimeters to about three millimeters, preferably from about 1.2 millimeters to about 1.6 millimeters.

Diese Druckvorrichtung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass der Formzylinder und/oder der Drucktuchzylinder und/oder der Gegendruckzylinder und/oder sonstige am Druck beteiligte Flächen auf ihrer Oberfläche mit dem vorstehend beschriebenen Unterbaumaterial beschichtet sind. Aufgrund der erläuterten Eigenschaften des Unterbaumaterials kann mit einer derartigen Druckvorrichtung ein Druckergebnis von verbesserter Qualität erzielt werden. Wenn das Unterbaumaterial auf dem Formzylinder, der die Druckform bzw. Druckplatte trägt, befestigt ist, kann ferner ein Umrüsten dieses Formzylinders mit verschiedenen Druckformen bzw. Druckplatten einfacher und problemloser durchgeführt werden.This printing device is characterized in that the form cylinder and / or the blanket cylinder and / or the impression cylinder and / or other surfaces involved in the printing are coated on their surface with the substructure material described above. Due to the properties of the substructure material explained, a printing result of improved quality can be achieved with such a printing device. If the substructure material on the forme cylinder that the Carries printing form or printing plate, is attached, a conversion of this forme cylinder with different printing forms or printing plates can be carried out more easily and easily.

Ein Drucktuch mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 10 erbringt folgende Vorteile: Es wird insbesondere durch eine flexible Unterlageschicht an der Unterseite oder innerhalb des Drucktuches eine erhöhte Verformung des Drucktuches radial zum Drucktuchzylinder während des Druckprozesses ermöglicht. Die Verformung ist mit einer gegenüber der Verformung eines bekannten kompressiblen Drucktuches geringeren Kraft möglich. Gleichzeitig wird die Längenstabilität des Drucktuches beibehalten, wobei eine gute Druckqualität sichergestellt wird. Damit ist das Drucken auf einer unebenen Oberfläche eines beliebigeren Bedruckstoffes, wie z. B. bei Weilkarton, im Offsetdruck möglich. Dabei ergeben sich eine Reihe weiterer Prozessvorteile, die aus dem Offsetdruckverfahren herrühren. Insbesondere sind dies die Verwendung billiger Druckformen und einfacheres Registern beim Mehrfarbendruck.A printing blanket with the features of claim 10 provides the following advantages: In particular, a flexible base layer on the underside or within the printing blanket enables an increased deformation of the printing blanket radially to the printing blanket cylinder during the printing process. The deformation is possible with a lower force than the deformation of a known compressible printing blanket. At the same time, the length stability of the printing blanket is maintained, ensuring good print quality. This makes printing on an uneven surface of any substrate, such as. B. with Weilkarton, possible in offset printing. There are a number of other process advantages that result from the offset printing process. In particular, these are the use of cheap printing forms and easier registering in multi-color printing.

Kurzbeschreibung der ZeichnungBrief description of the drawing

Zwei Ausführungsbeispiele der vorliegenden Erfindung werden nachstehend anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer Offsetdruckvorrichtung gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung, in schematischer Darstellung;
Fig. 2
ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines typischen Schichtaufbaus des Unterbaumaterials gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung, in schematischer Schnittdarstellung;
Fig. 3
ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel einer Offsetdruckvorrichtung gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung, in schematischer Darstellung;
Fig. 4
einen Druckvorgang in einer Druckzone der Offsetdruckvorrichtung aus Fig. 3, in schematischer Schnittdarstellung; und
Fig. 5
die Druckzone aus Fig. 4, in schematischer Schnittdarstellung.
Two exemplary embodiments of the present invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings. It shows:
Fig. 1
a first embodiment of an offset printing device according to the present invention, in a schematic representation;
Fig. 2
a first embodiment of a typical layer structure of the substructure material according to the present invention, in a schematic sectional view;
Fig. 3
a second embodiment of an offset printing device according to the present invention, in a schematic representation;
Fig. 4
a printing process in a printing zone of the offset printing device of Figure 3, in a schematic sectional view. and
Fig. 5
the pressure zone of Fig. 4, in a schematic sectional view.

Detaillierte Beschreibung der Erfindung und bester Weg zur Ausführung der ErfindungDetailed description of the invention and best way to carry out the invention

Gleiche oder ähnliche Ausgestaltungen, Elemente oder Merkmale sind in den Figuren 1 bis 5 mit identischen Bezugszeichen versehen.Identical or similar configurations, elements or features are provided with identical reference numerals in FIGS. 1 to 5.

In Figur 1 sind schematisch die wesentlichen Elemente einer Offsetdruckmaschine für einen Rotationsdruck dargestellt. Die Druckvorlage befindet sich in Form einer sogenannten Druckform bzw. Druckplatte 11 auf einem ersten rotierenden Zylinder, dem Formzylinder 10; dieser Formzylinder 10 wird gelegentlich auch als Plattenzylinder bezeichnet. Die Oberfläche der Druckplatte 11 besteht gemäß den zu druckenden Konturen aus hydrophilen (, das heißt wasserfreundlichen) bzw. lipophilen (, das heißt fettfreundlichen) Bereichen, so dass die durch ein (in Figur 1 aus Gründen der Übersichtlichkeit der Darstellung nicht gezeigtes) Farbwerk aufgetragene lipophile Druckfarbe nur an den korrespondierenden lipophilen Bereichen haftet. Bei Einsatz von Wasseremulsionsfarben sind die Haftungsverhältnisse umgekehrt, so dass die zu bedruckenden Stellen auf der Druckplatte 11 lipophob, das heißt fettabweisend zu beschichten sind.In Figure 1, the essential elements of an offset printing machine for rotary printing are shown schematically. The printing template is in the form of a so-called printing form or printing plate 11 on a first rotating cylinder, the form cylinder 10; this forme cylinder 10 is sometimes referred to as a plate cylinder. The surface of the printing plate 11 consists, according to the contours to be printed, of hydrophilic (that is to say water-friendly) or lipophilic (that is to say fat-friendly) areas, so that the inking unit (not shown in FIG. 1 for reasons of clarity of illustration) is applied lipophilic ink adheres only to the corresponding lipophilic areas. When water emulsion paints are used, the adhesion conditions are reversed, so that the areas to be printed on the printing plate 11 are to be coated lipophobically, that is to say grease-repellent.

Der Formzylinder 10 steht mit einem Gummituchzylinder 12 in Kontakt. Die Oberfläche dieses Gummituchzylinders 12 ist von einem Gummituch 13 abgedeckt. Bei gegenläufiger Rotation der beiden Zylinder 10 und 12 überträgt sich die auf der Druckplatte 11 befindliche Farbe auf das Gummituch 13. Bei der weiteren Rotation des Gummituchzylinders 12 wird dann diese Farbe wiederum auf der zu bedruckenden Papierbahn 14 abgesetzt. Die Papierbahn 14 wird hierbei über einen (gelegentlich auch als Formzylinder bezeichneten) Gegendruckzylinder 15 geführt, der für einen entsprechenden Anpressdruck an das Gummituch 13 sorgt.The forme cylinder 10 is in contact with a blanket cylinder 12. The surface of this blanket cylinder 12 is covered by a blanket 13. When the two cylinders 10 and 12 rotate in opposite directions, the ink on the printing plate 11 is transferred to the blanket 13. When the blanket cylinder 12 rotates further, this ink is again deposited on the paper web 14 to be printed. The paper web 14 is guided here via an impression cylinder 15 (sometimes also referred to as a forme cylinder), which ensures a corresponding contact pressure on the rubber blanket 13.

Das anhand der Figuren 1 und 2 (--> erstes Ausführungsbeispiel) exemplifizierte Offsetdruckverfahren wird dadurch verbessert, dass zwischen dem Formzylinder 10 und der Druckplatte 11 und/oder zwischen dem Gummituchzylinder 12 und dem Gummituch 13 und/oder auf dem Gegendruckzylinder 15 ein Unterbaumaterial 100 aufgebracht ist, das durch einen Verbund aus einer kompressiblen Schicht und aus einer inkompressiblen Schicht gebildet ist.The offset printing method exemplified with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 (-> first exemplary embodiment) is improved in that a base material 100 is formed between the forme cylinder 10 and the printing plate 11 and / or between the blanket cylinder 12 and the blanket 13 and / or on the impression cylinder 15 is applied, which is formed by a composite of a compressible layer and an incompressible layer.

In Figur 1 dargestellt ist die Anbringung eines solchen Unterbaumaterials 100 auf dem Formzylinder 10 und auf dem Gummituchzylinder 12. Durch das Unterbaumaterial 100 können Unebenheiten bzw. Unwuchten des Formzylinders 10 und/oder der Druckplatte 11 ausgebessert sowie ausgeglichen werden; hierdurch wird das Druckbild verbessert. Weiterhin wird die Montage der Druckplatten 11 auf dem Formzylinder 10 erleichtert und hierdurch die Umrüstung der Druckplatten 11 optimiert. In diesem Zusammenhang erlaubt das Unterbaumaterial 100 hohe Druckgeschwindigkeiten.1 shows the attachment of such a substructure material 100 on the forme cylinder 10 and on the blanket cylinder 12. The uneven or imbalance of the forme cylinder 10 and / or the printing plate 11 can be repaired and compensated for by the substructure material 100; this improves the print image. Furthermore, the mounting of the printing plates 11 on the forme cylinder 10 is facilitated and the conversion of the printing plates 11 is thereby optimized. In this context, the base material 100 allows high printing speeds.

Ein typischer Schichtaufbau des Unterbaumaterials 100 ist in Figur 2 dargestellt. Das auf einem Träger 19 angeordnete Unterbaumaterial 100 weist im in Figur 2 dargestellten Fall sandwichartig drei verschiedene Schichten 16, 17 und 18 auf:A typical layer structure of the substructure material 100 is shown in FIG. 2. In the case shown in FIG. 2, the substructure material 100 arranged on a carrier 19 has three different layers 16, 17 and 18:

Zuunterst, das heißt in Kontakt zum Träger 19, ist ein offenzelliges Polyurethankissen 18 mit einer Stärke von etwa 0,51 Millimeter angeordnet. In der Mitte befindet sich eine Mylarfolie 17, bei der es sich um ein hartes, nicht kompressibles Kunststoffmaterial handelt. Abgeschlossen wird der Sandwichaufbau durch ein offenzelliges Polyurethankissen 16 mit einer Stärke von etwa 1,02 Millimeter. Die Gesamtdicke des Unterbaumaterials 100 beträgt etwa 2,10 Millimeter.At the bottom, that is to say in contact with the carrier 19, there is an open-celled polyurethane cushion 18 with a thickness of approximately 0.51 millimeters. In the middle there is a Mylar film 17, which is a hard, non-compressible plastic material. The sandwich structure is completed by an open-celled polyurethane cushion 16 with a thickness of approximately 1.02 millimeters. The total thickness of the substructure material 100 is approximately 2.10 millimeters.

Die verschiedenen Schichten 16, 17 und 18 können untereinander durch Klebeschichten verbunden sein. Die Kunststoffplatte bzw. Kunststofffolie 17 sorgt für eine ausreichende Festigkeit des Unterbaumaterials 100. Durch die an beiden Außenflächen des Sandwichmaterials angeordneten kompressiblen Schichten 16 und 18 können Unebenheiten sowohl des Zylinders 19 als auch einer Auflage, wie zum Beispiel einer Druckplatte 11, ausgeglichen werden. Die Oberseite 20 des Polyurethankissens 16 ist vorzugsweise glatt (und ohne Kleber) ausgebildet, um insbesondere für die Auflage eines Gummituchs 13 geeignet zu sein.The different layers 16, 17 and 18 can be connected to one another by adhesive layers. The plastic plate or plastic film 17 ensures sufficient strength of the substructure material 100. The compressible layers 16 and 18 arranged on both outer surfaces of the sandwich material make it possible to compensate for unevenness in both the cylinder 19 and a support, such as a pressure plate 11. The upper side 20 of the polyurethane cushion 16 is preferably smooth (and without adhesive) in order to be particularly suitable for the application of a rubber blanket 13.

Mit dem Unterbaumaterial 100 gemäß dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel der Figuren 1 und 2 können somit feste, kompressible Unterbauten für Druckplatten im Offsetdruck sowie im Hybriddruck mit Flexodruckwerken und mit Offsetdruckwerken gebildet werden. Die Sandwichstruktur der Unterbauten wird dabei insbesondere durch kompressible Schaumkissen unterschiedlicher Ausprägungen sowie durch Kunststoffplatten bzw. Kunststofffolien gebildet. Hierbei können ein oder mehrere, insbesondere verschiedene Polyurethankissen mit einer oder mehreren, insbesondere verschiedenen Kunststoffplatten bzw. Kunststofffolien kombiniert werden; auch die Stärke der in einem Sandwich kombinierten Polyurethankissen und/oder Kunststoffplatten bzw. Kunststoffolien kann variieren.With the base material 100 according to the first exemplary embodiment in FIGS. 1 and 2, firm, compressible substructures for printing plates in offset printing and in hybrid printing with flexographic printing units and with offset printing units can thus be formed. The sandwich structure of the substructures is particularly characterized by compressible foam cushions of various types and by plastic plates or Plastic films formed. Here, one or more, in particular different, polyurethane cushions can be combined with one or more, in particular, different plastic sheets or plastic foils; the thickness of the polyurethane cushions and / or plastic plates or plastic films combined in a sandwich can also vary.

In Figur 3 ist ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines Offsetdruckwerks gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung in schematischer Darstellung abgebildet. Das Offsetdruckwerk weist einen Gegendruckzylinder 15, einen Drucktuchzylinder 12, einen Formzylinder 10 und, dem Formzylinder 10 zugeordnet, ein Farbwerk 21 und ein Feuchtwerk 22 auf.In Figure 3, a second embodiment of an offset printing unit according to the present invention is shown in a schematic representation. The offset printing unit has an impression cylinder 15, a blanket cylinder 12, a forme cylinder 10 and, assigned to the forme cylinder 10, an inking unit 21 and a dampening unit 22.

Der Gegendruckzylinder 15 dient dem Führen eines Bedruckstoffbogens. Hierzu ist der Gegendruckzylinder 15 mit einem (in Figur 3 aus Gründen der Übersichtlichkeit der Darstellung nicht näher gezeigten) Greifersystem ausgerüstet. Der Bedruckstoffbogen wird auf einer glatten Oberfläche geführt.The impression cylinder 15 is used to guide a printing material sheet. For this purpose, the impression cylinder 15 is equipped with a gripper system (not shown in FIG. 3 for reasons of clarity of the illustration). The substrate sheet is guided on a smooth surface.

Dem Gegendruckzylinder 15 gegenüber liegt der Drucktuchzylinder 12. Der Drucktuchzylinder 12 ist mit einem Drucktuch 13 bespannt, das längenstabil sowie in Querrichtung zu seiner Flächenausdehnung flexibel ist und in geringem Umfang kompressibel sein kann. Das Drucktuch 13 ist auf dem Drucktuchzylinder 12 fest eingespannt.The printing blanket cylinder 12 is located opposite the impression cylinder 15. The printing blanket cylinder 12 is covered with a printing blanket 13, which is stable in length and flexible in the transverse direction to its surface area and can be compressible to a small extent. The blanket 13 is firmly clamped on the blanket cylinder 12.

Dem Drucktuchzylinder 12 ist der Formzylinder 10 zugeordnet. Auf dem Formzylinder 10 ist eine Druckplatte bzw. Druckform 11 aufgespannt, die im Offsetdruck üblicherweise aus einer dünnen Metallplatte besteht. Die Druckform 11 wird vom Farbwerk 21 mit Farbe versorgt, wobei die druckenden Flächen zuvor mittels Wasserzufuhr durch das Feuchtwerk 22 gegenüber den nicht druckenden Flächen unterschieden worden sind. In einem solchen Offsetdruckwerk, wie es in Figur 3 exemplarisch dargestellt ist, ist es vorgesehen, die Übertragung von Druckfarbe auf Bedruckstoffe mit unterschiedlicher Dicke zu ermöglichen, wobei die Druckqualität über die gesamte Fläche möglichst gleichmäßig sein soll.The form cylinder 10 is assigned to the blanket cylinder 12. A printing plate or printing plate 11, which usually consists of a thin metal plate in offset printing, is clamped on the forme cylinder 10. The printing form 11 is supplied with ink by the inking unit 21, the printing surfaces being supplied beforehand by means of water supply through the dampening unit 22 have been differentiated from the non-printing areas. In such an offset printing unit, as is shown by way of example in FIG. 3, provision is made to enable the transfer of printing ink to substrates of different thicknesses, the printing quality being to be as uniform as possible over the entire area.

In Figur 4 ist hierzu eine Druckzone gemäß Figur 3 zwischen dem Drucktuchzylinder 12 und dem Gegendruckzylinder 15 dargestellt, wobei die angedeuteten Durchmesserverhältnisse zwischen dem in den Figuren 3 und 4 unten angedeuteten Gegendruckzylinder 15 und dem in den Figuren 3 und 4 darüber angedeuteten Drucktuchzylinder 12 nicht der Realität entsprechen müssen.FIG. 4 shows a printing zone according to FIG. 3 between the blanket cylinder 12 and the impression cylinder 15, the indicated diameter ratios between the impression cylinder 15 indicated in FIGS. 3 and 4 below and the impression cylinder 12 indicated above in FIGS. 3 and 4 not the Must correspond to reality.

In Figur 4 ist auf dem Gegendruckzylinder 15 ein Bedruckstoff dargestellt, der in diesem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel als Wellkarton 14' ausgeführt ist. Der Wellkarton 14' weist eine in den Figuren 4 und 5 unten angedeutete untere Deckschicht 141' sowie eine in den Figuren 4 und 5 oben angedeutete obere Deckschicht 143' auf; die beiden Deckschichten 141',143' werden durch eine gewellte Verbindungsschicht 142' miteinander verbunden, wobei die untere Deckschicht 141' an den unteren Kanten der Verbindungsschicht 142' angeleimt ist und die obere Deckschicht 143' an den oberen Kanten der Verbindungsschicht 142' angeleimt ist; durch diese Verbindung entsteht ein sehr stabiler Bedruckstoff, der insbesondere im Verpackungsbereich häufig eingesetzt wird.FIG. 4 shows a printing material on the impression cylinder 15, which in this second exemplary embodiment is designed as corrugated cardboard 14 '. The corrugated cardboard 14 'has a lower cover layer 141' indicated at the bottom in FIGS. 4 and 5 and an upper cover layer 143 'indicated at the top in FIGS. 4 and 5; the two cover layers 141 ', 143' are connected to one another by a corrugated connection layer 142 ', the lower cover layer 141' being glued to the lower edges of the connection layer 142 'and the upper cover layer 143' being glued to the upper edges of the connection layer 142 ' ; This connection creates a very stable substrate, which is often used in the packaging sector.

Gegenüber dem Gegendruckzylinder 15 ist wiederum der Drucktuchzylinder 12 angeordnet, auf dem an der Außenseite ein Drucktuch 13 angedeutet ist. Das Drucktuch 13 ist in Figur 4 als homogene Schicht eingezeichnet, wobei normalerweise Drucktücher als sogenannte Gummitücher ausgeführt und aus einer nicht streckbaren Grundschicht und aus einer flexiblen Deckschicht zusammengesetzt sind. Dazu können weitere, die Funktionalität des Drucktuchs 13 verbessernde Zwischenschichten kommen.Compared to the impression cylinder 15, the printing blanket cylinder 12 is in turn arranged, on which a printing blanket 13 is indicated on the outside. The blanket 13 is shown in FIG. 4 as a homogeneous layer, normally blankets as so-called blankets executed and composed of a non-stretchable base layer and a flexible cover layer. In addition, there may be further intermediate layers that improve the functionality of the printing blanket 13.

Auf dem Drucktuchzylinder 12 ist ferner unterhalb des Drucktuchs 13 direkt auf der Oberfläche des Drucktuchzylinders 12 ein als Drucktuchunterlage ausgebildetes Unterbaumaterial 100' angeordnet. Dieses Unterbaumaterial 100' setzt sich aus einer dehnfesten Grundschicht 17' und aus einer auf der Grundschicht 17' angeordneten flexiblen Deckschicht 16' zusammen. Während die dehnfeste Grundschicht 17' eine feste Kunststofffolie sein kann, ist die flexible Deckschicht 16' in bevorzugter Weise eine Schicht aus Schaumstoff bestimmter Qualifikationen.On the printing blanket cylinder 12, a substructure material 100 ′ designed as a printing blanket underlay is further arranged directly on the surface of the printing blanket cylinder 12 below the printing blanket 13. This substructure material 100 'is composed of an elastic base layer 17' and a flexible cover layer 16 'arranged on the base layer 17'. While the stretch-resistant base layer 17 'can be a solid plastic film, the flexible cover layer 16' is preferably a layer of foam of certain qualifications.

Durch die dehnfeste Grundschicht 17' lässt sich das als Drucktuchunterlage ausgebildete Unterbaumaterial 100', wobei der Schaumstoff (--> flexible Deckschicht 16') fest mit der Kunststofffolie (--> dehnfeste Grundschicht 17') verbunden ist, zusammen mit dem Drucktuch 13 auf den Drucktuchzylinder 12 spannen. Die Oberfläche des Drucktuchzylinders 12 ist demzufolge einem konventionellen Drucktuchzylinder mit Drucktuch gleich.The elastic base layer 17 'allows the substructure material 100' designed as a printing blanket base, the foam (-> flexible cover layer 16 ') being firmly connected to the plastic film (-> elastic base layer 17'), together with the printing blanket 13 tension the blanket cylinder 12. The surface of the blanket cylinder 12 is therefore the same as a conventional blanket cylinder with blanket.

In Figur 5 ist ein Ausschnitt aus Figur 4 im Detail dargestellt. An der Unterseite ist wiederum der Wellkarton 14' als Bedruckstoff erkennbar. Oberhalb des Wellkartons 14' ist das Drucktuch 13 angeordnet, das sich der verformten Oberfläche des Wellkartons 14' angepasst hat. Die Höhenunterschiede gegenüber der Oberfläche des Drucktuchzylinders 12, der an der Unterseite partiell dargestellt ist, werden durch die als Schaumstoffschicht ausgeführte flexible Deckschicht 16' des als Drucktuchunterlage ausgebildeten Unterbaumaterials 100' ausgeglichen. Der Schaumstoff wird an den Stellen, an denen die Oberseite des Wellkartons 14' fest ist, zusammengedrückt, wobei das Drucktuch 13 ausweichen kann, indem es sich entsprechend durch Biegung verformt.FIG. 5 shows a detail from FIG. 4 in detail. On the underside, the corrugated cardboard 14 'can again be seen as printing material. The printing blanket 13, which has adapted to the deformed surface of the corrugated cardboard 14 ', is arranged above the corrugated cardboard 14'. The differences in height with respect to the surface of the printing blanket cylinder 12, which is partially shown on the underside, are compensated for by the flexible cover layer 16 'of the substructure material 100' designed as a printing blanket underlay. The Foam is compressed at the points where the top of the corrugated cardboard 14 'is solid, and the blanket 13 can deflect by being deformed accordingly by bending.

In den Zwischenräumen zwischen zwei festen Stegen des Wellkartons 14' kann das Drucktuch 13 der verformbaren Oberfläche des Wellkartons 14' folgen, wobei die flexible Deckschicht 16' durch die Ausbildung als Schaumstoffschicht diese Ausgleichsfunktion übernimmt.In the spaces between two fixed webs of the corrugated cardboard 14 ', the printing blanket 13 can follow the deformable surface of the corrugated cardboard 14', the flexible cover layer 16 'taking on this compensating function through its formation as a foam layer.

Durch entsprechende Einstellung der Druckbeistellung, das heißt der Bestimmung des Wirkabstands von Drucktuchzylinder 12 und Gegendruckzylinder 15 bzw. durch Auswahl von unterschiedlichen Schaumstoffschichten für das als Drucktuchunterlage ausgebildete Unterbaumaterial 100' wird die vorliegende Druckvorrichtung für unterschiedlichste Qualitäten von Bedruckstoffen mit unebenen Oberflächen anwendbar. Bei relativ leicht kompressiblen Bedruckstoffen, wie dem im zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel der Figuren 3 bis 5 gezeigten Wellkarton 14', ist ein weicherer Schaumstoff als bei relativ harten Bedruckstoffen, wie etwa geprägtem Vollkarton, erforderlich.The present printing device can be used for the most varied qualities of substrates with uneven surfaces by appropriate adjustment of the printing supply, that is to say the determination of the effective distance between blanket cylinder 12 and impression cylinder 15 or by selection of different foam layers for the base material 100 ′ designed as a blanket underlay. With relatively easily compressible printing materials, such as the corrugated cardboard 14 'shown in the second exemplary embodiment in FIGS. 3 to 5, a softer foam is required than with relatively hard printing materials, such as embossed solid cardboard.

Für eine gute Funktion und für die erforderliche Druckqualität ist die Dicke des als Drucktuchunterlage ausgebildeten Unterbaumaterials 100' von Belang. Grundsätzlich kommen für die genannte Anwendung Unterbaumaterialien 100' mit einer Dicke von etwa 0,5 Millimeter bis etwa 3,00 oder 4,00 Millimeter in Betracht. Für die Anwendungstechnik bekannter Bedruckstoffe ist die Auswahl von Unterbaumaterialien 100' mit einer Dicke von etwa 1,00 Millimeter bis etwa 2,00 Millimeter zu bevorzugen. Als Schaumstoff ist ein über viele Wirkzyklen reversibel komprimierbarer Schaumstoff zu bevorzugen. Hierbei kommt in bevorzugter Weise ein offenzelliger Schaumstoff zur Anwendung. Dieser ist leichter komprimierbar als die bekannten geschlossenzelligen Schichten in Drucktüchern.For a good function and for the required print quality, the thickness of the substructure material 100 'designed as a printing blanket underlay is important. Basically, substructure materials 100 'with a thickness of about 0.5 millimeters to about 3.00 or 4.00 millimeters are suitable for the application mentioned. For the application technology of known printing materials, the selection of base materials 100 'with a thickness of approximately 1.00 millimeters to approximately 2.00 millimeters is preferred. The foam is reversibly compressible over many cycles of action To prefer foam. In this case, an open-cell foam is preferably used. This is easier to compress than the known closed-cell layers in printing blankets.

Das Spezialdrucktuch 13, 70 kann aus einem konventionellen Drucktuch vorzugsweise dadurch hergestellt werden, dass die Grundschicht 17' auch in das Drucktuch eingebaut wird. Dabei wird der genannte offenzellige Schaumstoff bevorzugt auf eine vorhandene dehnfeste Textilschicht oder eine anders geartete Grund- bzw. Tragschicht des Drucktuches eingebracht. Auf dem Schaumstoff wiederum kann die Wirkschicht 13' des Drucktuches aufgebracht werden. Damit wird der Vorteil erreicht, dass bei gleichbleibender Dehnfestigkeit des Spezialdrucktuches 70 gegenüber einem konventionellen Drucktuch eine stark verbesserte Flexibilität in Querrichtung zur Flächenausdehnung des Spezialdrucktuches 70 insbesondere in dessen Wirkschicht 13' erzielt wird. (Fig. 4)The special printing blanket 13, 70 can preferably be produced from a conventional printing blanket in that the base layer 17 'is also built into the printing blanket. The open-cell foam mentioned is preferably introduced onto an existing stretch-resistant textile layer or a different type of base or base layer of the printing blanket. The active layer 13 'of the printing blanket can in turn be applied to the foam. This has the advantage that, with the tensile strength of the special printing blanket 70 remaining the same, a greatly improved flexibility in the transverse direction to the area extension of the special printing blanket 70, in particular in its active layer 13 ′, is achieved in comparison with a conventional printing blanket. (Fig. 4)

Eine einfache Verbesserung der Wirkungsweise des Spezialdrucktuches 70 kann dadurch erreicht werden, dass nur ein Teil eines konventionellen Drucktuches auf das Unterbaumaterial 100' bzw. die Unterschicht aufkaschiert wird. Dazu kann von einem konventionellen Drucktuch ein Teil der die Dehnfestigkeit des Drucktuches herstellenden, meist textilen Unterschichten abgetrennt werden. Damit wird die Dimensionsstabilität des Drucktuches in der Wirkebene noch ausreichend gesichert. Ein in dieser Weise in seiner Steifigkeit quer zur Wirkebene geschwächtes Drucktuch kann nun als Wirkschicht 13' auf das Unterbaumaterial 100' bzw. die Deckschicht 16' der Unterschicht aufgebracht werden. Damit ist auf einfache Weise ein Spezialdrucktuch 70 der oben beschriebenen Art herstellbar und auf ebenso einfache Art auf einem Drucktuchzylinder 12 aufspannbar.A simple improvement in the mode of operation of the special printing blanket 70 can be achieved in that only part of a conventional printing blanket is laminated onto the substructure material 100 'or the underlayer. For this purpose, part of the mostly textile lower layers that produce the tensile strength of the printing blanket can be separated from a conventional printing blanket. The dimensional stability of the printing blanket in the working plane is thus sufficiently ensured. A printing blanket which is weakened in this way in its stiffness transversely to the active plane can now be applied as active layer 13 'to the base material 100' or the cover layer 16 'of the lower layer. A special printing blanket 70 of the type described above can thus be produced in a simple manner and can be clamped onto a printing blanket cylinder 12 in an equally simple manner.

Weiterhin kann im Bereich der Spannkanten des Drucktuches 70 eine Verstärkung in der Art vorgesehen werden, dass sowohl das Einspannen als auch die Benutzung des Drucktuches 70 beim Druckvorgang verbessert werden. Hierbei wird das Drucktuch 70 nach dem Zusammenfügen der Wirkschicht 13' und der Unterschicht an seinen Enden auf ein für die in einem Drucktuchzylinder 12 vorhandenen Spannvorrichtungen geeignetes Dickenmaß abgeflacht. Sie so hergestellten Spann-Enden können weiterhin mit einer Verstärkung in Form einer Metallschiene oder anderen geeigneten Verstärkungen versehen werden. Um zu vermeiden, dass in die Deckschicht 16' bzw. den Schaumstoff eindringende Wirkstoffe des Druckprozesses die Elastizität der Deckschicht 16' negativ beeinflussen, können die Stimkanten der Spann-Enden des Drucktuches 70 mit einer Versiegelung versehen werden. Auf diese Weise wird ein Drucktuch 70 dargestellt, das einen voluminösen Arbeitsbereich aus flexibler Wirkschicht 13' mit in geeigneter Weise kompressibler Unterschicht beinhaltet. Weiterhin ist das Drucktuch 70 aber wie ein konventionelles Drucktuch bekannter Dicke auf einem Drucktuchzylinder 12 spannbar.Furthermore, reinforcement can be provided in the area of the tensioning edges of the printing blanket 70 in such a way that both the clamping and the use of the printing blanket 70 during the printing process are improved. Here, the blanket 70 is flattened at its ends after the joining of the active layer 13 ′ and the lower layer to a thickness dimension suitable for the tensioning devices present in a blanket cylinder 12. The clamping ends produced in this way can also be provided with a reinforcement in the form of a metal rail or other suitable reinforcements. In order to avoid that active substances of the printing process penetrating into the cover layer 16 'or the foam negatively influence the elasticity of the cover layer 16', the leading edges of the tensioning ends of the printing blanket 70 can be provided with a seal. In this way, a printing blanket 70 is shown which contains a voluminous working area made of a flexible active layer 13 'with a suitably compressible lower layer. Furthermore, the printing blanket 70 can be tensioned on a printing blanket cylinder 12 like a conventional printing blanket of known thickness.

Der Aufbau des beschriebenen voluminösen Drucktuches 70 ist in weiten Bereichen variierbar, wobei die Ausgangsmaterialien (konventionelles oder anderes Drucktuch, Unterschicht oder Einbauschicht aus offenzeillgem Schaumstoff) und deren Aufbau die Rahmenbedingungen bilden. Die Verbindung zwischen der Wirkschicht 13' und der dehnfesten Grundschicht 17' bzw. der Einbau des Schaumstoffes in ein Drucktuch zwischen der Wirkschicht 13' und einer zusätzlichen ggf. konventionellen Tragschicht zur Erzeugung des Drucktuches 70 wird mit bekannten konventionellen Mitteln vorgenommen.The structure of the voluminous printing blanket 70 described can be varied over a wide range, the starting materials (conventional or other printing blanket, underlayer or built-in layer made of open-cell foam) and their structure forming the general conditions. The connection between the active layer 13 'and the expandable base layer 17' or the installation of the foam in a printing blanket between the active layer 13 'and an additional, if necessary conventional, base layer for producing the printing blanket 70 is carried out using known conventional means.

Claims (16)

  1. Substructure material (100; 100')
    - for a printing form, such as a flatbed form, a printing plate (11) or a flatbed printing plate, and/or
    - for a printer's blanket (13; 70) , such as a rubber blanket, or a special compressible or incompressible rubber blanket, and/or
    - for another surface taking part in the printing process during the printing, such as the offset printing, whereby for printing devices, in particular for offset printing devices, the substructure material (100; 100') is configured as a replaceable compound (16, 17, 18; 16', 17'), elastically deformable radially to the cylinder (10, 12, 15) assigned to the printing form or printing plate (11) and /or to the printer's blanket (13; 70) and/or the other surface participating to the printing process or radially to the assigned drum,
    characterized in
    that the compound (16, 17, 18; 17') is configured as an underlay which can be tentered, such as a printing form underlay or a printing plate underlay which can be tentered and/or as a printer's blanket underlay which can be tentered and is constituted by at least one compressible layer (16, 18; 16') and by at least one incompressible layer (17; 17'), whereby the compressible layer (16, 18; 16') is configured as a reversibly compressible functional layer and is made of a microcellular material, preferably with open pores, such as foam, in particular of polyurethane foam and has a thickness of approximately 0,5 millimeter to approximately three millimeters, preferably of approximately 1,2 millimeter to approximately 1,6 millimeter.
  2. Substructure material (100; 100') according to claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the substructure material (100; 100') contains at least two compressible layers (16, 18) which have preferably
    - a different structure and/or
    - a different thickness.
  3. Substructure material (100; 100') according to any of the claims 1 and 2,
    characterized in that
    the incompressible layer (17; 17') is configured as a dimensionally stable carrier layer, in particular as a dimensionally stable plate or foil.
  4. Substructure material (100; 100') according to any of the claims 1 to 3,
    characterized in that
    the incompressible layer (17; 17') contains at least one synthetic material, preferably polyester.
  5. Substructure material (100; 100') according to any of the claims 1 to 4,
    characterized in that
    the substructure material (100; 100') contains at least two incompressible layers (16, 18) which have preferably
    - a different structure and/or
    - a different thickness.
  6. Substructure material (100; 100') according to any of the claims 1 to 5,
    characterized in that
    the substructure material (100; 100') contains at least one layer
    - made of adhesive material and/or
    - made of filling material and/or
    - made of auxiliary material.
  7. Substructure material (100; 100') according to any of the claims 5 or 6,
    characterized by
    a thickness in the range of approximately 0,5 millimeter to approximately 4,00 millimeters, preferably of approximately 1,5 millimeter to approximately 2,5 millimeters.
  8. Printing device, in particular offset printing device, to print materials to be printed, preferably made of paper or of cardboard, with in particular an uneven surface, such as corrugated cardboard with
    - a form cylinder (10) on which a printing form, such as a flatbed printing form, or a printing plate (11), or a flatbed printing plate, is tentered;
    - a printer's blanket cylinder (12) on which a printer's blanket (13), such as a rubber blanket, which is substantially dimensionally stable in its extension plane or a special compressible or an incompressible rubber blanket, is tentered and
    - a counter-pressure cylinder (15),
    characterized in that
    the form cylinder (10) and/or the printer's blanket cylinder (12) and/or the counter-pressure cylinder (15) and/or other surfaces participating to the printing are coated on their surface with a substructure material (100; 100'), whereby the substructure material (100; 100') is formed as a replaceable compound (16, 17, 18; 16', 17'), elastically deformable radially to the cylinder (10, 12, 15) assigned to the printing form or printing plate (11) and /or to the printer's blanket (13; 70) and/or the other surface participating to the printing process or radially to the assigned drum, and whereby the compound (16, 17, 18; 17') is configured as an underlay which can be tentered, such as a printing form underlay or a printing plate underlay which can be tentered and/or as a printer's blanket underlay which can be tentered and is constituted by at least one compressible layer (16, 18; 16') and by at least one incompressible layer (17; 17'), whereby the compressible layer (16, 18; 16') is configured as a reversibly compressible functional layer and is made of a microcellular material, preferably with open pores, such as foam, in particular of polyurethane foam and has a thickness of approximately 0,5 millimeter to approximately three millimeters, preferably of approximately 1,2 millimeters to approximately 1,6 millimeters.
  9. Printing device according to claim 8,
    characterized in that
    the printer's blanket (13) has a substantially smooth surface and/or is deformable transversely to the extension plane but is only slightly compressible.
  10. Printer's blanket for printing materials to be printed with an uneven surface such as corrugated cardboard in an offset printing group with a form cylinder, a printer's blanket cylinder (12) and a counter-pressure cylinder (15), whereby a printer's blanket which has a smooth surface and which is deformable is placed on the printer's blanket cylinder (12),
    characterized in that
    a voluminous printer's blanket (13; 70) which adapts itself to the deformed surface of the material to be printed such as corrugated cardboard (14, 14'), substantially dimensionally stable, flattened on the surface at its clamping ends to the thickness of a conventional printer's blanket for clamping onto the printer's blanket cylinder (12) is placed on the side turned to the material to be printed, whereby the height differences with respect to the surface of the printer's blanket cylinder (12) are compensated by the flexible covering layer (16, 16'), configured as foam layer, of the substructure material (100, 100') configured as a printer's blanket underlay with a thickness of 0,5 to 3,00 millimeters, preferably of 1,2 to 1,6 millimeter, whereby an active layer (13') flexible radially to the printer's blanket cylinder (12) is placed on the outside of the printer's blanket (13, 17) participating in the printing process and an elastically deformable layer (16') made of elastic open-cell material, connected directly or indirectly with the active layer (13'), which is configured as an underlay layer which can be tentered is placed on its inside turned to the printer's blanket (12), this layer having a dimensionally stable carrier layer as well as a reversibly compressible functional layer placed on its upper side and which is fixedly connected with the lower side of the active layer (13'), whereby an incompressible or a compressible rubber blanket with a carrier layer consisting of several fabric layers reduced by one or several fabric layers is provided as an active layer (13, 13'), the dimensionally stable carrier layer of which is reduced in the extension plane of the printer's blanket (13; 70) radially to the position on the printer's blanket cylinder (12), whereby the carrier layer of the printer's blanket (13; 70) is an underlay layer made of a dimensionally stable foil and the functional layer is made of foam.
  11. Printer's blanket according to claim 10,
    characterized in
    that the elastically deformable layer is configured as an underlay layer which is placed as reversibly compressible functional layer between the lower side of the active layer (13') and a dimensionally stable carrier layer.
  12. Printer's blanket according to claim 10,
    characterized in that
    the elastically deformable layer is configured as an underlay layer which can be tentered, which has a dimensionally stable carrier layer as well as a reversibly compressible functional layer placed on the upper side thereof and which is fixedly connected with the lower side of the active layer (13').
  13. Printer's blanket according to any of the claims 10 to 12,
    characterized in that
    the elastically deformable layer is configured as an underlay layer which is placed as a reversibly compressible functional layer between the lower side of the active layer (13') and a dimensionally stable carrier layer.
  14. Printer's blanket according to any of the claims 10 to 13,
    characterized in that
    at least one layer consisting of a fabric layer of a conventional printer's blanket is provided as carrier layer of the printer's blanket (13; 70) below the underlay layer.
  15. Printer's blanket according to any of the claims 10 to 14,
    characterized in that
    the printer's blanket (13; 70) is provided at is clamping ends respectively with reinforcements for clamping in a clamping device of a printer's blanket cylinder (12).
  16. Printer's blanket according to any of the claims 10 to 15,
    characterized in that
    the printer's blanket (13; 70) is provided at its clamping ends at least in the area of the elastically deformable layer with a sealing against the penetration of printing aids.
EP00972746A 1999-10-13 2000-10-12 Substructure material for a printing device and a printing cloth in order to print non-even materials Expired - Lifetime EP1230095B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE29918060U DE29918060U1 (en) 1999-10-13 1999-10-13 Base material for offset printing machines
DE29918060U 1999-10-13
DE2000120209 DE10020209A1 (en) 2000-04-25 2000-04-25 Base material for a printing plate, blanket etc., e.g. lithographic or rubber blanket, especially for offset printing, consists of exchangeable composite that is elastically-deformable radially to roll
DE10020209 2000-04-25
DE20014158U 2000-08-17
DE20014158U DE20014158U1 (en) 1999-10-13 2000-08-17 Base material for offset printing machines
PCT/EP2000/010052 WO2001026907A1 (en) 1999-10-13 2000-10-12 Substructure material for a printing device and a printing cloth in order to print non-even materials

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1230095A1 EP1230095A1 (en) 2002-08-14
EP1230095B1 true EP1230095B1 (en) 2004-12-29

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EP (1) EP1230095B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3940602B2 (en)
CN (1) CN1378507A (en)
AT (1) ATE285904T1 (en)
AU (1) AU1137201A (en)
CZ (1) CZ20021301A3 (en)
WO (1) WO2001026907A1 (en)

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US5553541A (en) * 1989-10-05 1996-09-10 Heidelberg Harris Inc Gapless tubular printing blanket
US5934192A (en) * 1997-01-29 1999-08-10 Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd. Printing blanket

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1762397A1 (en) * 2005-09-12 2007-03-14 Folex Coating GmbH Multilayered compressible printing form

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1378507A (en) 2002-11-06
WO2001026907A1 (en) 2001-04-19
AU1137201A (en) 2001-04-23
JP3940602B2 (en) 2007-07-04
JP2003511280A (en) 2003-03-25
ATE285904T1 (en) 2005-01-15
CZ20021301A3 (en) 2002-07-17
EP1230095A1 (en) 2002-08-14

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