EP1067345B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft - Google Patents
Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1067345B1 EP1067345B1 EP99121174A EP99121174A EP1067345B1 EP 1067345 B1 EP1067345 B1 EP 1067345B1 EP 99121174 A EP99121174 A EP 99121174A EP 99121174 A EP99121174 A EP 99121174A EP 1067345 B1 EP1067345 B1 EP 1067345B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heat exchanger
- main heat
- cold
- cold end
- stream
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 16
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000883306 Huso huso Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011064 split stream procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
- F25J3/04412—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0012—Primary atmospheric gases, e.g. air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0221—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using the cold stored in an external cryogenic component in an open refrigeration loop
- F25J1/0224—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using the cold stored in an external cryogenic component in an open refrigeration loop in combination with an internal quasi-closed refrigeration loop
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
- F25J1/0234—Integration with a cryogenic air separation unit
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
- F25J3/04048—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams
- F25J3/04054—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams of air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
- F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
- F25J3/0409—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of oxygen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
- F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
- F25J3/04296—Claude expansion, i.e. expanded into the main or high pressure column
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04333—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
- F25J3/04339—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04375—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc.
- F25J3/04381—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc. using work extraction by mechanical coupling of compression and expansion so-called companders
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
- F25J2205/02—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using simple phase separation in a vessel or drum
- F25J2205/04—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using simple phase separation in a vessel or drum in the feed line, i.e. upstream of the fractionation step
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
- F25J2230/20—Integrated compressor and process expander; Gear box arrangement; Multiple compressors on a common shaft
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
- F25J2245/40—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
- F25J2270/02—Internal refrigeration with liquid vaporising loop
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for the cryogenic separation of air, in which cooled and purified feed air cooled in a main heat exchanger and at least part of a rectification column is supplied, wherein a first partial flow the feed air at an intermediate temperature from the main heat exchanger removed and fed under this intermediate temperature of a cold compression.
- the invention is used in such cases in which a part of the feed air ("first partial flow") is recompressed, for example, for the evaporation of a liquid process stream to be used.
- a product stream e.g., liquid oxygen, liquid nitrogen, or liquid argon
- a rectification column to the bottoms or intermediate liquid a rectification column or else an external liquid which for example, a storage tank is removed.
- two or more such process streams against the recompressed air stream to evaporate.
- the "main heat exchanger” is preferably a single Heat exchanger block formed. For larger systems, it may be useful to Main heat exchanger by several with respect to it temperature profile parallel strands realized by separated from each other Components are formed. In principle, it is possible that the Main heat exchanger or each of these strands by two or more serially connected blocks is formed.
- this re-compaction is carried out in a conventional manner, by the partial air flow at about ambient temperature of a corresponding Machine is supplied.
- a cold compressor for densification be used.
- Cold compression is here a compression process understood, in which the gas is supplied to the compression at a temperature, the is well below the ambient temperature, generally below 250K; preferably below 200K.
- WO 9528610 or EP 644388 A are methods of the beginning known type, in which the cold compression at an intermediate temperature is performed between the temperatures at the warm and cold end of the Main heat exchanger is located.
- This intermediate temperature can in particular the point at which the curves of the to be heated and streams to be cooled in the heat exchange diagram (Q-T diagram) of the Closest to the main heat exchanger ("theoretical pinch point").
- the invention is based on the object, a method of the type mentioned and to provide a corresponding device which is energetically particularly favorable operate.
- the cold compression air partial flow so initially further than actually needed cooled in the main heat exchanger, so on the Intermediate temperature addition, which is about the inlet temperature of the cold compression equivalent. Then he is - again in the main heat exchanger - on the Intermediate temperature warmed up.
- This procedure appears at first glance unfavorable, since by the needless cooling and reheating with additional exchange losses and thus higher energy consumption is expected.
- it has been found that thereby the Heat transfer in the cold part of the main heat exchanger (below the Intermediate temperature) is improved.
- the to be heated In the cold part of the main heat exchanger, the to be heated and namely, a higher density than in the warm part.
- the Heat exchanger passages that flow through them usually have constructive The same number and cross sections.
- the passages are in cold Part operated, so to speak, with an underload of about 20%. Due to this fact the flow conditions in the cold part of the main heat exchanger are not optimal.
- the invention achieves an improvement here by the - anyway anyway treating - partial air flow for cold compression both the cooling, as also supplemented the currents to be heated. It has turned out that the Improvement of the heat transfer by the optimized within the scope of the invention Flow conditions in the cold part of the main heat exchanger the expected additional exchange losses overcompensated and total leads to an energetically particularly favorable process.
- the first partial flow can be downstream of the cold compression against a evaporating process stream are at least partially liquefied.
- This Heat exchange step can either in the main heat exchanger or in a be performed separate condenser-evaporator. This is particularly cheap Procedure, if the entire oxygen product or a large part of it as Liquid taken from the rectification, placed in liquid form on pressure and finally evaporated against the cold-compressed partial air stream. In this case will just as much air is cold-compressed that due to the flow conditions in the cold part the main heat exchanger by the reheating of this invention Air partial flow are practically optimal.
- the first partial flow is before its warming in the cold end of the Main heat exchanger introduced. He will therefore be completely through the Main heat exchanger out and flows when it warms up again through the entire cold part of the main heat exchanger, so that the entire cold part of the Main heat exchanger comes into the enjoyment of improved flow.
- the cooling of the first partial flow can separately from or together with other parts of the feed air are carried out.
- the first partial flow can be downstream of the cold compression at an intermediate point of the main heat exchanger, which corresponds to a second intermediate temperature, the Cooling air flow to be supplied. Excluding those described in the previous paragraph Compensation of the compression heat is this second intermediate temperature above the first intermediate temperature. When mixing with the very cold second partial air flow upstream of the cold compression, the second Intermediate temperature at or even below the first intermediate temperature.
- the invention also relates to a device for the cryogenic separation of air according to claims 5 to 8.
- Atmospheric air 1 is compressed after flowing through a filter 2 (3) and Direct contact cooler 4 initiated. It occurs there in countercurrent contact with liquid Water 5.
- the water remaining liquid in the direct heat exchange becomes 6 removed from the direct contact cooler 4.
- the cooled and with steam laden air 7 is in a cleaning device 8 of water and carbon dioxide and optionally freed of further impurities.
- the cleaning device 8 is preferably formed by at least two switchable container with an adsorbent, such as a molecular sieve are filled.
- the purified feed air stream 9 is in a first main air flow 10 and a split second main air stream 20.
- the former flows to the warm end of one Main heat exchanger 30, is in the main heat exchanger 30 at about dew point cooled, removed again at the cold end and finally via the lines 11 and 12 fed to the sump of the pressure column 50 of a double column.
- the second main air stream 20 is in an externally driven after-compressor 21st further compressed and after flowing through an aftercooler 22 also on the warm End inserted in the main heat exchanger 30 (line 23).
- Part 24 of the second Main air flow the "cooling air flow” remains until the cold end in Main heat exchanger 30 and is - optionally after slight throttling 25 than "first partial flow” 26 again introduced into the main heat exchanger 30, in the Warming Passages 17.
- the first partial flow becomes removed via line 28 and fed to a cold compressor 29.
- the cold-compacted first partial flow 31 is at a second intermediate temperature, which in the example is higher than the first intermediate temperature, again in the main heat exchanger 30th introduced, in the Abkühlpassagen 32.
- After cooling and at least Partial liquefaction in the main heat exchanger becomes the first partial flow 33 finally fed via the valve 34 in the pressure column 50.
- the feed-in point is one or more theoretical or practical soils above the Pressure column sump.
- Another part 35 of the second main air stream 23 is at a third Intermediate temperature, which in the example between the first and the second Intermediate temperature is taken as a "turbine air stream" and a Relaxation machine 36 is supplied, which via a common shaft with the Cold compressor 29 and a generator 37 is coupled.
- the working relaxed Air 38, together with the first main air flow 11 via line 12 to the sump the pressure column 50 out.
- the double column has, in addition to the pressure column 50, a low-pressure column 51. Both Parts are connected via a common condenser-evaporator 52, the Main condenser in heat exchanging connection. Top gas 53 of the pressure column 50 is at least partially condensed in the main capacitor 52. The condensate flows to a first part 55 as return to the pressure column 50 back to a second part 55 it is undercooled in a subcooling countercurrent 56 and via line 57 and valve 58 is applied to the top of the low-pressure column 51.
- Raw oxygen from the lower region of the pressure column 50 flows in the example two different routes to the low-pressure column 51.
- a first crude oxygen fraction 59 is from the bottom of the pressure column is undercooled (56) and via line 60 and Throttle valve 61 transferred to the low pressure column.
- a second Rohsauerstofffr is liquid the pressure column 50 and discharged in a similar manner (supercooling 56, line 63 and valve 64) at a slightly higher point in the low-pressure column 51 is fed.
- the oxygen product is liquid via line 65 from the bottom of the Low pressure column 51 withdrawn, by a pump 66 in the liquid state on the desired product pressure, via line 67 to the main heat exchanger 30th led, evaporated there and warmed to about ambient temperature.
- GOX-IC internally compressed product
- no pure nitrogen is produced.
- the nitrogen rich Top product 69 is used as residual gas in the subcooling countercurrent 56 and in Main heat exchanger 30 warmed up
- the warm residual gas 70 can directly via line 71 are discharged into the atmosphere and / or via line 72 - if necessary after heating 73 - used as a regeneration gas for the cleaning device 8 become.
- the moist regeneration gas flows via line 74 to the atmosphere.
- the cooling air stream 24 is downstream of its removal from the cold end of the main heat exchanger 30 and the optional valve 25 to two Split streams, namely the "first partial stream” 226 - 227 - 228, analogous to the 1 is passed to the cold compressor 29, and a "second partial flow" 201, which - regulated by valve 202 - on the main heat exchanger 30 and in particular the Anürmpassagen 227 bypassed and 203 at the first Intermediate temperature warmed first partial stream 228 is mixed.
- the Mixture flows under a correspondingly lower temperature to the entrance of the Cold compressor 29.
- the cold-compressed air 231 has a lower one Temperature than in Figure 1, in the concrete example of Figure 2 is the second Intermediate temperature even lower than the first intermediate temperature.
- Corresponding formed shorter are the cooling and liquefaction passages 232 for the first Partial flow downstream of the cold compression.
- the cooling air flow 24 is here after partial liquefaction in Main heat exchanger 30 and 25 throttling for the purpose of phase separation in one Separator 301 initiated.
- the liquid phase is analogous to the stream 33 of FIG. 1 fed via line 333 and valve 334 in the pressure column 50.
- the steam 326 off the separator 301 forms the "first partial flow", the as in Figure 1 for Cold compression 29 is performed. Downstream of the cold compression 29 is the cold-compressed first substream 331, however, not in their own Abkühlpassagen introduced, but mixed with the second main air flow.
- the cold-compacted Air quantity will thus be in a cycle 24 - 25 - 301 - 326 - 29 - 331 out.
- the heat transfer in the cold part of the main heat exchanger can be particularly be designed favorably.
- FIG. 4 differs in the same way from FIG. 3, FIG. 2 of FIG. 1, namely by an additional "second partial air flow” 401. This is out here is formed that part 401 of the steam from the separator 301, which does not have Line 426 as a "first partial flow" to the cold end of the main heat exchanger 30 is directed. As in FIG. 2, the admixture 403 of the cold second partial flow is used 401 to the first intermediate temperature heated first partial flow 428 of Compensation or overcompensation of the compression heat at the cold compression 29 is formed.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
Description
- Figur 1
- ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel für die Erfindung,
- Figur 2
- eine Abwandlung des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels,
- Figur 3
- ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel für die Erfindung und
- Figur 4
- eine Abwandlung des zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels.
Claims (10)
- Verfahren zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft, bei dem verdichtete und gereinigte Einsatzluft (9, 10, 20) in einem Hauptwärmetauscher (30) abgekühlt und mindestens zum Teil einer Rektifiziersäule (50) zugeführt (12, 33, 333) wird, wobei ein erster Teilstrom (26, 226, 326, 426) der Einsatzluft dem Hauptwärmetauscher (30) zugeführt, mindestens zum Teil bei einer ersten Zwischentemperatur aus dem Hauptwärmetauscher entnommen (28, 228, 428) und einer Kaltverdichtung (29) zugeführt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der erste Teilstrom (26, 226, 326, 426) im Hauptwärmetauscher (30) auf eine Temperatur abgekühlt wird, die niedriger als die erste Zwischentemperatur ist, und anschließend stromaufwärts seiner Entnahme (28, 228, 428) bei der ersten Zwischentemperatur im Hauptwärmetauscher (30) wieder auf die erste Zwischentemperatur angewärmt (27, 227) wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der erste Teilstrom (26, 226, 326, 426) vor seiner Anwärmung (27, 227) in das kalte Ende des Hauptwärmetauschers (30) eingeführt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Abkühlluftstrom (23, 24) im Hauptwärmetauscher (30) abgekühlt, am kalten Ende des Hauptwärmetauschers entnommen (24) und mindestens zum Teil als erster Teilstrom (26, 226, 326, 426) wieder dem kalten Ende des Hauptwärmetauschers (30) zugeführt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abkühlluftstrom (24) nach seiner Entnahme aus dem kalten Ende des Hauptwärmetauschers (30) einer Phasentrennung (301) unterworfen wird, wobei der erste Teilstrom (326, 426) mindestens durch einen Teil der aus der Phasentrennung (301) entnommenen Dampfphase gebildet wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abkühlluftstrom (24) entspannt (25) wird, bevor er der Phasentrennung (301) unterworfen beziehungsweise als erster Teilstrom (26, 226) dem kalten Ende des Hauptwärmetauschers (30) zugeführt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abkühlluftstrom (24) in den ersten Teilstrom (226, 426) und in einen zweiten Teilstrom (201, 401) aufgeteilt wird, wobei der erste Teilstrom (226, 426) in das kalte Ende des Hauptwärmetauschers (30) eingeführt wird und der zweite Teilstrom (201, 401) ohne temperaturverändemde Maßnahmen mit dem ersten Teilstrom (228, 428) zwischen seiner Entnahme bei der ersten Zwischentemperatur und der Kaltverdichtung (29) zugeführt (203, 403) wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der erste Teilstrom (331) stromabwärts der Kaltverdichtung (29) an einer Zwischenstelle des Hauptwärmetauschers (30), die einer zweiten Zwischentemperatur entspricht, dem Abkühlluftstrom (23, 24) zugeführt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Turbinenluftstrom (23, 35) im Hauptwärmetauscher (30) auf eine dritte Zwischentemperatur abgekühlt und anschließend arbeitsleistend entspannt (36) wird, wobei mindestens ein Teil der bei der arbeitsleistenden Entspannung (36) erzeugten mechanischen Energie zum Antrieb der Kaltverdichtung (29) eingesetzt wird.
- Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft miteinem Hauptwärmetauscher (30), der ein warmes und ein kaltes Ende aufweist, sowie Gruppen von Abkühl- und Anwärmpassagen aufweist, mitmindestens einer Rektifiziersäule (50), mit einerEinsatzluftleitung zur Zufuhr (9, 10, 20, 23) verdichteter und gereinigter Einsatzluft zu dem Hauptwärmetauscher (30) und zur Einspeisung (12, 33, 333) mindestens eines Teils der abgekühlten Einsatzluft in die Rektifiziersäule (50) undmit einer Kaltverdichtungsleitung (28, 228, 428), die von einer Zwischenstelle des Hauptwärmetauschers (30) zu einem Kaltverdichter (29) führt,
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Gruppe von Anwärmpassagen (27, 227) des Hauptwärmetauschers (30), die an der Zwischenstelle mit der Kaltverdichtungsleitung (28, 228, 428) verbunden sind, vom kalten Ende bis zu der Zwischenstelle durchgehend ausgebildet und am kalten Ende mit einer Gruppe von Abkühlpassagen verbunden (24, 26, 226, 326, 426) sind.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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DE19930731 | 1999-07-05 | ||
DE19930731 | 1999-07-05 |
Publications (2)
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EP1067345A1 EP1067345A1 (de) | 2001-01-10 |
EP1067345B1 true EP1067345B1 (de) | 2004-06-16 |
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ID=7913552
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EP99121174A Expired - Lifetime EP1067345B1 (de) | 1999-07-05 | 1999-10-22 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft |
Country Status (4)
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US (1) | US6336345B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1067345B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE269526T1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE59909750D1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
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DE102010055448A1 (de) | 2010-12-21 | 2012-06-21 | Linde Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft |
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FR2851330B1 (fr) * | 2003-02-13 | 2006-01-06 | Air Liquide | Procede et installation de production sous forme gazeuse et sous haute pression d'au moins un fluide choisi parmi l'oxygene, l'argon et l'azote par distillation cryogenique de l'air |
FR2854683B1 (fr) * | 2003-05-05 | 2006-09-29 | Air Liquide | Procede et installation de production de gaz de l'air sous pression par distillation cryogenique d'air |
EP1767884A1 (de) * | 2005-09-23 | 2007-03-28 | L'Air Liquide Société Anon. à Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft |
US7549301B2 (en) * | 2006-06-09 | 2009-06-23 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Air separation method |
EP1972875A1 (de) * | 2007-03-23 | 2008-09-24 | L'AIR LIQUIDE, S.A. pour l'étude et l'exploitation des procédés Georges Claude | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft |
DE102007031759A1 (de) | 2007-07-07 | 2009-01-08 | Linde Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von gasförmigem Druckprodukt durch Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft |
DE102007031765A1 (de) | 2007-07-07 | 2009-01-08 | Linde Ag | Verfahren zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft |
DE102009034979A1 (de) | 2009-04-28 | 2010-11-04 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von gasförmigem Drucksauerstoff |
DE102009048456A1 (de) * | 2009-09-21 | 2011-03-31 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft |
EP2312248A1 (de) | 2009-10-07 | 2011-04-20 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vorrichtung Gewinnung von Drucksauerstoff und Krypton/Xenon |
EP2369281A1 (de) * | 2010-03-09 | 2011-09-28 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft |
DE102010052544A1 (de) | 2010-11-25 | 2012-05-31 | Linde Ag | Verfahren zur Gewinnung eines gasförmigen Druckprodukts durch Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft |
DE102010052545A1 (de) | 2010-11-25 | 2012-05-31 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Gewinnung eines gasförmigen Druckprodukts durch Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft |
EP2520886A1 (de) | 2011-05-05 | 2012-11-07 | Linde AG | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines gasförmigen Sauerstoff-Druckprodukts durch Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft |
DE102011112909A1 (de) | 2011-09-08 | 2013-03-14 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Gewinnung von Stahl |
EP2600090B1 (de) | 2011-12-01 | 2014-07-16 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von Drucksauerstoff durch Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft |
DE102011121314A1 (de) | 2011-12-16 | 2013-06-20 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines gasförmigen Sauerstoff-Druckprodukts durch Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft |
DE102012017488A1 (de) | 2012-09-04 | 2014-03-06 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Erstellung einer Luftzerlegungsanlage, Luftzerlegungsanlage und zugehöriges Betriebsverfahren |
WO2014154339A2 (de) | 2013-03-26 | 2014-10-02 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur luftzerlegung und luftzerlegungsanlage |
EP2784420A1 (de) | 2013-03-26 | 2014-10-01 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Luftzerlegung und Luftzerlegungsanlage |
EP2801777A1 (de) | 2013-05-08 | 2014-11-12 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Luftzerlegungsanlage mit Hauptverdichterantrieb |
DE102013017590A1 (de) | 2013-10-22 | 2014-01-02 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Gewinnung eines Krypton und Xenon enthaltenden Fluids und hierfür eingerichtete Luftzerlegungsanlage |
EP2963369B1 (de) | 2014-07-05 | 2018-05-02 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur tieftemperaturzerlegung von luft |
TR201808162T4 (tr) | 2014-07-05 | 2018-07-23 | Linde Ag | Havanın düşük sıcaklıkta ayrıştırılması vasıtasıyla bir basınçlı gaz ürününün kazanılmasına yönelik yöntem ve cihaz. |
EP2963367A1 (de) | 2014-07-05 | 2016-01-06 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft mit variablem Energieverbrauch |
PL2963370T3 (pl) | 2014-07-05 | 2018-11-30 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Sposób i urządzenie do kriogenicznego rozdziału powietrza |
FR3066809B1 (fr) | 2017-05-24 | 2020-01-31 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Procede et appareil pour la separation de l'air par distillation cryogenique |
CN109737689A (zh) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-05-10 | 侨源气体(福州)有限公司 | 空气分离与提纯***及方法 |
EP4004468B1 (de) * | 2019-07-26 | 2024-07-17 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur trennung von luft durch kryogenische destillation |
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US4224045A (en) * | 1978-08-23 | 1980-09-23 | Union Carbide Corporation | Cryogenic system for producing low-purity oxygen |
GB2080929B (en) * | 1980-07-22 | 1984-02-08 | Air Prod & Chem | Producing gaseous oxygen |
US5275003A (en) * | 1992-07-20 | 1994-01-04 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Hybrid air and nitrogen recycle liquefier |
FR2714721B1 (fr) * | 1993-12-31 | 1996-02-16 | Air Liquide | Procédé et installation de liquéfaction d'un gaz. |
FR2718836B1 (fr) * | 1994-04-15 | 1996-05-24 | Maurice Grenier | Echangeur de chaleur perfectionné à plaques brasées. |
FR2721383B1 (fr) * | 1994-06-20 | 1996-07-19 | Maurice Grenier | Procédé et installation de production d'oxygène gazeux sous pression. |
GB9619687D0 (en) * | 1996-09-20 | 1996-11-06 | Boc Group Plc | Air separation |
US6009723A (en) * | 1998-01-22 | 2000-01-04 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Elevated pressure air separation process with use of waste expansion for compression of a process stream |
US5901576A (en) * | 1998-01-22 | 1999-05-11 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Single expander and a cold compressor process to produce oxygen |
-
1999
- 1999-10-22 EP EP99121174A patent/EP1067345B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-10-22 AT AT99121174T patent/ATE269526T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-10-22 DE DE59909750T patent/DE59909750D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-07-03 US US09/609,762 patent/US6336345B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102010055448A1 (de) | 2010-12-21 | 2012-06-21 | Linde Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft |
EP2469205A1 (de) | 2010-12-21 | 2012-06-27 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE59909750D1 (de) | 2004-07-22 |
EP1067345A1 (de) | 2001-01-10 |
US6336345B1 (en) | 2002-01-08 |
ATE269526T1 (de) | 2004-07-15 |
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